WO2019148365A1 - 一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统 - Google Patents

一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019148365A1
WO2019148365A1 PCT/CN2018/074716 CN2018074716W WO2019148365A1 WO 2019148365 A1 WO2019148365 A1 WO 2019148365A1 CN 2018074716 W CN2018074716 W CN 2018074716W WO 2019148365 A1 WO2019148365 A1 WO 2019148365A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axle
piston rod
suspended
hole
emergency brake
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2018/074716
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赖金元
Original Assignee
四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司
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Application filed by 四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司 filed Critical 四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/074716 priority Critical patent/WO2019148365A1/zh
Priority to CN201811628438.9A priority patent/CN109720801B/zh
Publication of WO2019148365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019148365A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/18—Transportation, conveyor or haulage systems specially adapted for motor vehicle or trailer assembly lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G23/00—Driving gear for endless conveyors; Belt- or chain-tensioning arrangements
    • B65G23/24—Gearing between driving motor and belt- or chain-engaging elements
    • B65G23/26—Applications of clutches or brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G35/00—Mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G49/00—Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of automobile manufacturing machinery, and particularly relates to a hanging rail conveying system for an automobile production workshop.
  • the overhead conveyor is also called the overhead conveyor. It is used in the workshop or between the workshops.
  • the continuous flow of the workpieces and the continuous flow of the workpieces can be carried out in various sequential processes such as the workpiece.
  • Surface treatment, painting, drying, cooling, and finished product off-line, etc. are widely used in modern production lines of automobile plants because they can fully utilize space and cooperate with ground operations.
  • the traditional suspended rail transportation system includes an overhead rail, a suspended conveyor, and the like, wherein the suspended conveyor includes components such as a roller, an axle, a drive system, a braking system, and a suspension device.
  • the suspended transport vehicle is controlled by the background control system. Therefore, when the background control system fails, it is impossible to control a suspended transport vehicle, resulting in the speed of the suspended transport vehicle being different from that of other suspended transport vehicles.
  • the invention provides a suspended rail conveying system for an automobile production workshop, which solves the problem that the conventional suspended rail conveying system cannot control the deceleration of the suspended conveying vehicle in the event of a failure, and when the emergency deceleration is required, the suspended conveying vehicle cannot be immediately used. The speed of the problem drops to zero.
  • a suspended rail transport system for an automobile production workshop comprising a track and a suspended transport vehicle, the rails being equidistantly disposed with a plurality of intercepting crossbars perpendicular to the rail;
  • the overhead transport vehicle comprising a frame, the frame
  • the main suspension column, the emergency brake mechanism, the first axle and the second axle are connected to the lower side, and the two wheels of the first axle and the second axle are connected with a roller on the track, and the first axle is sleeved with a speed reducer a plurality of reduction gears are disposed along the circumferential direction of the reduction sleeve, the reduction gear has a cross section of an isosceles trapezoid, and the second axle is provided with a gear box, and the upper surface of the frame is provided with a motor and a controller, and the output shaft of the motor a bottom end penetrates the frame and extends into the gearbox to drive the second axle to rotate;
  • the emergency brake mechanism includes a secondary suspension post fixed to
  • the hydraulic cylinder body is internally provided with a piston.
  • One end of the piston is fixed with a second piston rod, and the other end is fixed with a first piston rod, and the second piston rod is fixed.
  • the movable end of the movable piston body is adjacent to one end of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the movable end of the second piston rod is connected with a decelating claw facing the deceleration sleeve, and the side of the deceleration claw facing the first axle is concave.
  • the size of the concave surface is matched with the size of the reduction sleeve, and the concave surface is provided with a plurality of grooves, the size of the groove is matched with the size of the reduction gear, and the movable end of the first piston rod moves through the hydraulic cylinder body to be close to the first One end of the second axle; a side of the limiting cylinder is provided with a first through hole, a movable end of the first piston rod can pass through the first through hole into the limiting cylinder, and further includes an emergency brake lever, the emergency The bottom end of the brake lever runs through the limit cylinder The portion enters the inside of the limiting cylinder.
  • the emergency brake lever When the first piston rod is located in the limiting cylinder, the emergency brake lever is placed on the first piston rod, and the bottom of the limiting cylinder is provided with a second through hole, and the placing plate is provided with a third through hole, when the first piston rod is located outside the limiting cylinder, the bottom end of the emergency brake lever sequentially passes through the second through hole and the third through hole and is located between the two intercepting cross bars, the emergency braking lever The top end is located on the upper surface of the limit cylinder.
  • the overhead conveyor is controlled by the control system, and there is a problem in the setting that when the background control system fails, the suspension truck cannot be controlled, which may result in the speed of each suspension truck.
  • Different which in turn causes the suspended transport vehicles to collide with each other, which not only causes damage to the suspended transport vehicles, but also causes the suspended workpieces to collide with each other and even fall and damage, increasing the process cost and extending the delivery period; not only that, when emergency is required
  • the brake system cannot immediately stop the suspended transport vehicle, and only the deceleration mode can be adopted, and such deceleration sliding also inevitably brings collisions between adjacent suspended transport vehicles.
  • the present invention provides a suspended rail transport system for an automobile production plant.
  • the system includes a track and a suspended transport vehicle disposed in the track, and the improvement of the track is that a plurality of intercepting cross bars are equally spaced on the track, the intercepting cross bar is located in the gap of the track, and the cross bar is intercepted.
  • the function is to intercept the emergency brake lever and reduce the speed of the overhead conveyor to zero in a short time.
  • the overhead conveyor includes a frame, a walkway system, a suspension mechanism, a drive system, and an emergency brake mechanism.
  • the running system of the suspended transport vehicle comprises a first axle, a second axle and a roller, and the first axle is sleeved with a reduction sleeve, and the relative movement between the reduction sleeve and the first axle is not generated, and the reduction sleeve is used for emergency braking.
  • the deceleration claw of the mechanism when the deceleration claw is engaged with the deceleration sleeve, the rotation speed of the first axle is reduced, and the roller on the first axle is turned from rolling to sliding under the pushing of the second axle, thereby initially reducing the speed of the suspended conveyor, specifically Ground, a plurality of reduction gears having an isosceles trapezoidal cross section are disposed along the circumferential direction of the reduction sleeve, the reduction gear portion is made of a rubber material, and the deceleration claw is concave toward the side of the reduction sleeve, and the concave surface is used for accommodating the package to be decelerated
  • the first axle of the sleeve preferably, the concave surface has a semicircular cross section, and the concave surface is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the groove is matched with the reduction gear, that is, the cross section of the groove is also an isosceles trapezoid, the design
  • the speed claw
  • Suspension means for connecting the lower end of the suspended piece; the drive system is disposed on the second axle and the gearbox located on the surface of the motor frame.
  • the controller is provided with a wireless network port, and the worker sends a signal to the controller through the control system to control the motor to be turned on.
  • the motor rotates to drive the gear in the gear box to rotate and rotate the second axle and the roller on the second axle to make the hanging conveyor
  • the vehicle can move in orbit along the second axle to the first axle and transport the cargo to a designated location.
  • the emergency brake mechanism is fixed on the lower surface of the frame by the secondary suspension column, and the bottom suspension end of the secondary suspension column is fixedly placed, and the hydraulic cylinder body placed on the placement plate is a double-acting double-piston rod type hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder body passes the first oil.
  • the port, the second oil port and the oil pipe are connected with the oil pump, and the oil pump pushes the oil into the first oil port, the second oil port, or the first oil port, and the second oil port to push the piston in the hydraulic cylinder Reciprocating movement to push the first piston rod and the second piston rod to move.
  • the oil pump is electrically connected to the controller, and the control system of the oil pump is different from the control system of the drive device, that is, when the control system of the drive device is out of control, the oil pump can still be controlled, and the piston, the first piston rod and the hydraulic piston are pushed by the hydraulic oil.
  • the second piston rod moves.
  • the deceleration claw provided on the second piston rod can contact the deceleration sleeve during emergency braking to achieve the purpose of initial deceleration, and the movable end of the first piston rod, that is, the end away from the piston is normally placed through the first through hole.
  • the position of the emergency brake lever is restricted to prevent it from falling from the second through hole and the third through hole to cause an emergency braking between the two intercepting rails.
  • the principle of the emergency brake mechanism is: in normal operation, the movable end of the first piston rod is located in the limit cylinder, and the bottom end of the emergency brake lever is located in the limit cylinder and placed on the movable end of the first piston rod;
  • an emergency control system is used to send an emergency brake signal to the controller, and the controller turns on the oil pump after receiving the emergency brake signal, and the oil pump controls the first oil port to enter the oil, and the second The oil port is oiled, so that the piston moves along the second axle to the first axle, and then the deceleration claw of the movable end of the second piston rod is combined with the reduction sleeve, and the groove on the deceleration claw quickly meshes with the reduction gear on the reduction sleeve and The first axle stops rotating, and at the same time, the movable end of the first piston rod leaves the limiting cylinder, and the emergency brake lever that loses support passes through the second through hole and the third through hole in turn, and finally falls
  • the suspension truck is mainly decelerated by the engagement of the deceleration claw and the reduction sleeve in a period of time before the side of the emergency brake lever contacts the side of the intercepting rail, in an emergency
  • the emergency braking lever, the limiting cylinder and the intercepting crossbar together limit the movement of the placing plate, thereby limiting the whole
  • the speed of the overhead conveyor quickly drops to zero. Even if the motor is still driving the second axle, it will not be able to push the overhead conveyor forward, avoiding the suspension trucks from the root.
  • the emergency brake lever is lifted, the second port is adjusted to enter the oil, the first port is oiled, and the piston moves along the first axle to the second axle, and finally the first piston rod is located in the limit cylinder. , then put down the emergency brake lever to make it on the first piston rod and resume the system operation.
  • the system disclosed by the present invention can control the oil pump when the drive system is out of control, thereby controlling the engagement of the deceleration pawl with the reduction sleeve on the first axle, reducing the moving speed of the suspended transport vehicle, and then passing the emergency brake lever. Free fall, so that the side of the emergency brake lever is in contact with the intercepting rail on the rail, and the speed of the suspended transport vehicle is quickly reduced to zero. Even if the motor is still running, the suspended transport vehicle cannot be pushed forward. The collision between the suspended transport vehicles and the falling of the workpiece are avoided, and the safety of the process is improved.
  • an infrared range finder is disposed on a side of the frame adjacent to the first axle.
  • the overhead conveyor is advanced in the direction of the second axle to the first axle, such that the side of the frame adjacent the first axle refers to the front end of the frame.
  • the infrared range finder is electrically connected to the controller, and the distance between the two mounted transport vehicles is determined by the time difference between the infrared rays emitted and received by the preset infrared range finder. When the time difference is lower than the preset value, the two suspensions are indicated. The distance between the two types of transport vehicles is too close. In order to avoid collision between the two suspended transport vehicles, the infrared range finder sends an emergency brake signal to the controller.
  • the controller After receiving the emergency brake signal, the controller turns on the oil pump to start the emergency brake mechanism.
  • the overhead truck is used for emergency braking to avoid collisions.
  • the infrared range finder further simplifies the control of the emergency braking system, eliminating the need for the staff to control the emergency braking system, and the braking process is simpler, faster and more accurate.
  • the reduction gear is made of rubber.
  • the reduction gear is made of rubber. During the process of meshing, the rubber will deform and will not wear the groove on the deceleration claw. The service life is longer.
  • the purpose of the reduction gear is only to reduce the rotation speed of the first axle, and the rubber itself. The wear resistance, friction and hardness are sufficient for this purpose, and preferably, the reduction gear is made of nitrile rubber.
  • the distance between two adjacent intercepting crossbars is 0.5 to 2 meters.
  • intercepting crossbar has a width of 10 to 20 cm.
  • the length of the intercepting crossbar is one sixth of the pitch of the track.
  • the second through hole and the third through hole have the same diameter.
  • the diameter of the first through hole is 1.05 to 1.25 times the diameter of the first piston rod.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • the system disclosed by the present invention can control the oil pump when the drive system is out of control, thereby controlling the speed claw to mesh with the reduction sleeve on the first axle, reducing the moving speed of the suspended conveyor, and then passing the free fall of the emergency brake lever.
  • the side of the emergency brake lever is in contact with the intercepting crossbar on the track, and the speed of the suspended transport vehicle is quickly reduced to zero. Even if the motor is still running, the suspended transport vehicle cannot be pushed forward, and the root source is avoided. The collision between the suspended transport vehicles and the falling of the workpiece improves the safety of the process;
  • the invention further simplifies the control of the emergency braking system by the infrared range finder, and the control of the emergency braking system by the staff is omitted, and the braking process is more compact, fast and accurate.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the emergency brake mechanism of the present invention under normal conditions
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the emergency brake mechanism of the present invention in the case of emergency braking.
  • a suspension rail transport system for an automobile production workshop comprises a rail 11 and a suspended transport vehicle, and the rails 11 are provided with a plurality of intercepting transverse planes perpendicular to the rails 11 at equal intervals.
  • a suspension structure comprising a frame 1 having a main suspension column 10, an emergency brake mechanism 5, a first axle 31 and a second axle 32 connected to the frame 1, the first axle 31, the second A roller 2 is disposed on the rail 11 at both ends of the axle 32.
  • the first axle 31 is sleeved with a reduction sleeve 4, and a plurality of reduction teeth are disposed along the circumference of the reduction sleeve 4, and the section of the reduction gear is isosceles
  • a trapezoid is provided on the second axle 32.
  • the upper surface of the frame 1 is provided with a motor 7 and a controller 9.
  • the bottom end of the output shaft of the motor 7 extends through the frame 1 and extends into the gearbox 6 to drive the second.
  • the axle 32 rotates;
  • the emergency brake mechanism 5 includes a secondary suspension post 51 fixed to the lower surface of the frame 1.
  • the bottom suspension end 51 has a placement plate 52 fixed at the bottom end thereof, and the placement plate 52 is located above the intercepting crossbar 12.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 534 and a limit cylinder 56 are mounted on the placing plate 52, and the hydraulic cylinder 534 is mounted thereon.
  • An oil pump 531 is fixed to the surface, and the oil pump 531 is electrically connected to the controller 9.
  • the upper surface of the hydraulic cylinder 534 is provided with a first oil port 532 and a second oil port 533.
  • the first oil port 532 is adjacent to the second wheel shaft 32.
  • the second oil port 533 is adjacent to the first axle 31, and the oil pump 531 is connected to the first oil port 532 and the second oil port 533 through an oil pipe.
  • the first oil port 532 and the second oil port 533 are both connected to the hydraulic cylinder block.
  • the inside of the hydraulic cylinder 534 is provided with a piston 537.
  • One end of the piston 537 is fixed with a second piston rod 535, and the other end is fixed with a first piston rod 536.
  • the movable end of the second piston rod 535 is movable.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 534 is adjacent to one end of the first axle 31, and the movable end of the second piston rod 535 is connected with a deceleration claw 55 facing the deceleration sleeve 4, and the deceleration claw 55 is concave toward the side of the first axle 31.
  • the size of the concave surface is matched with the size of the reduction sleeve 4, and the concave surface is provided with a plurality of grooves, the size of the groove is matched with the size of the reduction gear, and the movable end of the first piston rod 536 is movable throughout
  • the hydraulic cylinder 534 is adjacent to one end of the second axle 32; the limiting cylinder 56
  • the first through hole is disposed through the first through hole, and the emergency brake lever 54 is at the bottom end of the emergency brake lever 54.
  • the top of the limiting cylinder 56 enters the inside of the limiting cylinder 56.
  • the emergency braking lever 54 When the first piston rod 536 is located in the limiting cylinder 56, the emergency braking lever 54 is placed on the first piston rod 536, and the limiting cylinder 56 is disposed at the bottom. There is a second through hole, and the placing plate 52 is provided with a third through hole. When the first piston rod 536 is located outside the limiting barrel 56, the bottom end of the emergency braking lever 54 sequentially passes through the second through hole and the second through hole.
  • the three-way hole is located between the two intercepting rails 12, and the top end of the emergency brake lever 54 is located on the upper surface of the limiting cylinder 56; the side of the frame 1 adjacent to the first axle 31 is provided with an infrared range finder 8
  • the reduction gear is made of rubber; the distance between two adjacent intercepting crossbars 12 is 0.5 to 2 meters; the width of the intercepting crossbar 12 is 10 to 20 centimeters; the length of the intercepting crossbar 12 Is one-sixth of the pitch of the track 11; the second through hole and the third through hole have the same diameter; the first through hole has a diameter of the first piston rod 53 The diameter of 6 is 1.05 to 1.25 times.
  • the infrared range finder 8 When in use, when the infrared range finder 8 detects that the time difference is lower than the preset value, it indicates that the distance between the two suspended transport vehicles is too close, and the infrared range finder 8 sends an emergency brake signal to the controller 9, and the controller 9 controls
  • the oil pump 531 causes the oil pump 531 to feed oil to the first port 532 through the oil pipe and to extract oil from the second port 533, thereby moving the piston 537 in the direction of the second wheel shaft 32 to the first wheel shaft 31, after which the deceleration claw 55 is
  • the combination of the deceleration sleeve 4 causes the first axle 31 to stop rotating, while the emergency brake lever 54 falls between the two intercepting rails 12 or falls on the intercepting rail 12 on the side and interception of the emergency brake lever 54.
  • the overhead transport vehicle is mainly decelerated by the engagement of the deceleration pawl 55 and the deceleration sleeve 4, and after the side of the emergency brake lever 54 is in contact with the side of the intercepting crossbar 12, due to the emergency system
  • the top end of the moving rod 54 is located above the limiting cylinder 56.
  • the emergency braking lever 54, the limiting cylinder 56 and the intercepting crossbar 12 together limit the movement of the placing plate 52, thereby restricting the movement of the entire suspended transport vehicle, and hanging the transport.
  • the speed of the car quickly drops to 0, even then
  • the motor 7 also drives the second axle 32 to rotate and does not push the overhead conveyor forward.
  • the emergency brake lever 54 is lifted, the second oil port 533 is adjusted to enter the oil, the first oil port 532 is oiled, and the piston 537 moves in the direction of the first axle 31 to the second axle 32, and finally the first The piston rod 536 is located in the limit cylinder 56, and the emergency brake lever 54 is lowered to be positioned on the first piston rod 536 and the system operation is resumed.
  • the system disclosed by the present invention can control the oil pump 531 when the drive system is out of control, thereby controlling the deceleration claw 55 to mesh with the reduction sleeve 4 on the first axle 31, reducing the moving speed of the overhead conveyor, and then passing the emergency brake lever 54.
  • the free fall allows the side of the emergency brake lever 54 to contact the intercepting crossbar 12 on the track, rapidly reducing the speed of the overhead transport vehicle to zero, even if the motor 7 is still running, it cannot push the overhead transport vehicle to continue. Advancing, from the root cause, the collision between the suspended transport vehicles and the falling of the workpiece are avoided, and the safety of the process is improved.

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Abstract

一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，包括轨道（11）和悬挂式输送车，轨道（11）上设置有多个拦截横杆（12）；悬挂式输送车包括构架（1）、主悬挂柱（10）、紧急制动机构（5）、第一轮轴（31）、第二轮轴（32）、滚轮（2）、减速套（4）、齿轮箱（6）、电机（7）和控制器（9）；紧急制动机构（5）包括次悬挂柱（51）、放置板（52）、液压缸体（534）、限位筒（56）和油泵（531），液压缸体（534）上表面设置有第一油口（532）和第二油口（533），液压缸体（534）内部设置有活塞、第二活塞杆（535）和第一活塞杆（536），第二活塞杆（535）的活动端上连接有减速爪（55）；还包括紧急制动杆（54），紧急制动杆（54）的底端进入限位筒（56）内部。本系统能够迅速地将悬挂式输送车的速度降为0，避免了悬挂式输送车之间的相互碰撞以及工件的掉落，提高了工艺的安全性。

Description

一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车制造机械领域，具体涉及一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统。
背景技术
悬挂式输送机又被称为架空式输送机，用于车间内部或各个车间之间，工件物品的流水连续输送，在流水连续输送过徎中，可以进行对工件的各种顺序工艺作业，如表面处理、喷漆、烘干、冷却、成品下线等，由于它既充份利用空间，又可以与地面的作业配合进行，因此被广泛地应用于汽车厂的现代化生产线中。
传统的悬挂式轨道输送系统包括架空轨道、悬挂式输送车等装置，其中，悬挂式输送车又包括滚轮、轮轴、驱动系统、制动系统、悬挂装置等零部件。悬挂式输送车受后台控制系统统一控制运行，因此，当后台控制系统出现故障，无法对某一悬挂式输送车进行控制，导致该悬挂式输送车的速度不同于其他悬挂式输送车的速度时，将会导致悬挂式输送车相互碰撞，造成悬挂式输送车损坏，被悬挂的工件相互碰撞甚至掉落损坏，工艺成本增加；不仅如此，当需要紧急停止特定的悬挂式输送车时，制动系统无法立即停止该悬挂式输送车，只能采取减速的方式，而这种减速滑行也必然带来相邻悬挂式输送车的碰撞。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，解决了传统的悬挂式轨道输送系统在出现故障时无法控制悬挂式输送车减速，以及需要紧急减速时，无法立即将悬挂式输送车的速度降至零的问题。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：
一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，包括轨道和悬挂式输送车，所述轨道上等间距设置有多个垂直于轨道的拦截横杆；所述悬挂式输送车包括构架，所述构架下方连接有主悬挂柱、紧急制动机构、第一轮轴和第二轮轴，所述第一轮轴、第二轮轴的两端均连接有位于轨道上的滚轮，第一轮轴上套设有减速套，沿减速套周向设置有多个减速齿，所述减速齿的截面为等腰梯形，第二轮轴上设置有齿轮箱，构架上表面设置有电机和控制器，所述电机的输出轴的底端贯穿构架并伸入齿轮箱中以驱动第二轮轴转动；所述紧急制动机构包括固定在构架下表面的次悬挂柱，所述次悬挂柱底端固定有放置板，所述放置板位于拦截横杆上方，放置板上安装有液压缸体和限位筒，所述液压缸体上表面固定有油泵，所述油泵与控制器电连接，液压缸体上表面设置有第一油口和第二油口，所述第一油口靠近第二轮轴，所述第二油口靠近第一轮轴，所述油泵通过油管连接第一油口和第二油口，所述第一油口和第二油口 均连通液压缸体的内部，液压缸体内部设置有活塞，所述活塞的一端固定有第二活塞杆，另一端固定有第一活塞杆，所述第二活塞杆的活动端活动贯穿液压缸体靠近第一轮轴的一端，第二活塞杆的活动端上连接有减速爪，所述减速爪正对减速套，减速爪朝向第一轮轴的侧面为凹面，所述凹面的尺寸与减速套的尺寸相匹配，凹面上设置有多个凹槽，所述凹槽的尺寸与减速齿的尺寸相匹配，所述第一活塞杆的活动端活动贯穿液压缸体靠近第二轮轴的一端；所述限位筒的侧面设置有第一通孔，第一活塞杆的活动端能够穿过所述第一通孔进入限位筒中，还包括紧急制动杆，所述紧急制动杆的底端贯穿限位筒的顶部进入限位筒内部，当第一活塞杆位于限位筒中时，紧急制动杆放置于第一活塞杆上，所述限位筒底部设置有第二通孔，所述放置板上设置有第三通孔，当第一活塞杆位于限位筒外时，紧急制动杆的底端依次穿过第二通孔和第三通孔并位于两个拦截横杆之间，紧急制动杆的顶端位于限位筒的上表面。
现有技术中，悬挂式输送车受控制系统统一控制运行，这样设置存在一个问题，即当后台控制系统出现故障，则无法对悬挂式输送车进行控制，可能会导致各悬挂式输送车的速度不同，进而导致悬挂式输送车相互碰撞，不仅造成悬挂式输送车损坏，还会造成被悬挂的工件相互碰撞甚至掉落而损坏，增加了工艺成本、延长了交付期限；不仅如此，当需要紧急停止特定的悬挂式输送车时，制动系统无法立即停止该悬挂式输送车，只能采取减速的方式，而这种减速滑行也必然带来相邻悬挂式输送车的碰撞。
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统。
具体地，所述系统包括轨道和设置在轨道内的悬挂式输送车，轨道的改进在于在轨道上等间距设置有多个拦截横杆，拦截横杆位于轨道的间隙之中，拦截横杆的作用是拦截紧急制动杆，进而在很短的时间里将悬挂式输送车的速度降至0。
悬挂式输送车包括构架、走行系统、悬挂机构、驱动系统和紧急制动机构。其中，悬挂式输送车的走行系统包括第一轮轴、第二轮轴和滚轮，第一轮轴上套设有减速套，减速套与第一轮轴之间不产生相对移动，减速套用于配合紧急制动机构的减速爪，当减速爪与减速套啮合时，第一轮轴转速降低，第一轮轴上的滚轮在第二轮轴的推动下，由滚动转为滑动，初步降低悬挂式输送车的速度，具体地，沿着减速套的周向设置有多个横截面为等腰梯形的减速齿，减速齿部分为橡胶材料制造，而减速爪朝向减速套的侧面为凹面，该凹面用于容纳包裹有减速套的第一轮轴，优选地，该凹面的横截面为半圆形，凹面内设置有多个凹槽，凹槽与减速齿相匹配，即凹槽的横截面也为等腰梯形，该设计能够使减速爪快速与减速套啮合从而达到快速降低第一轮轴转速的目的；悬挂机构为设置在构架下方的主悬挂柱，主悬挂柱位于轨道的间隙中，其下端用于连接悬吊装置以悬挂工件；驱动系统为设置在第二轮轴上的齿轮箱和位于构架上表面的电机。控制器中设置有无线网口，工作人员通过控制系统向控制器 发送信号以控制电机开启，电机转动带动齿轮箱中的齿轮转动进而旋转第二轮轴以及第二轮轴上的滚轮，使得悬挂式输送车能够沿第二轮轴至第一轮轴的方向在轨道上移动，并输送货物至指定地点。
紧急制动机构通过次悬挂柱固定在构架的下表面，次悬挂柱底端固定放置板，放置板上放置的液压缸体为具有双作用双活塞杆式液压缸，液压缸体通过第一油口、第二油口和油管与油泵连接，油泵通过对第一油口进油、第二油口出油，或者第一油口出油、第二油口进油以推动活塞在液压缸体中往复运动，从而推动第一活塞杆和第二活塞杆移动。其中，油泵与控制器电连接，对油泵的控制系统区别于对驱动装置控制系统，即在驱动装置的控制系统失控时，仍能够对油泵进行控制，通过液压油推动活塞、第一活塞杆和第二活塞杆移动。第二活塞杆上设置的减速爪能够在紧急制动时与减速套接触，从而达到初步减速的目的，第一活塞杆的活动端，即远离活塞的一端在正常情况下通过第一通孔放置于限位筒中，用于限制紧急制动杆的位置，避免其从第二通孔、第三通孔中落下至两块拦截横杆之间造成紧急制动。
紧急制动机构的原理为：在正常运行情况时，第一活塞杆的活动端位于限位筒中，紧急制动杆的底端位于限位筒内并放置在第一活塞杆的活动端上；当需要紧急制动某一悬挂式输送车时，利用紧急控制系统向控制器发送紧急制动信号，控制器在收到紧急制动信号后开启油泵，油泵控制第一油口进油，第二油口出油，从而使得活塞沿第二轮轴至第一轮轴的方向移动，之后第二活塞杆活动端的减速爪与减速套结合，减速爪上的凹槽迅速与减速套上的减速齿啮合并使得第一轮轴停止转动，与此同时，第一活塞杆的活动端离开限位筒，失去支撑的紧急制动杆依次穿过第二通孔、第三通孔，最终落入两根拦截横杆之间或者落在拦截横杆上，在紧急制动杆的侧面与拦截横杆的侧面接触之前的一段时间里，悬挂式输送车主要靠减速爪与减速套的啮合减速，在紧急制动杆的侧面与拦截横杆的侧面接触后，由于紧急制动杆的顶端位于限位筒上方，紧急制动杆、限位筒和拦截横杆共同限制了放置板的移动，进而限制了整个悬挂式输送车的移动，悬挂式输送车的速度迅速降至0，此时即使电机还在驱动第二轮轴转动，也无法推动悬挂式输送车前进，从根源上避免了各悬挂式输送车之间的相互碰撞以及工件的掉落。在排除所有故障后，将紧急制动杆提起，调整第二油口进油，第一油口出油，活塞沿第一轮轴至第二轮轴的方向移动，最终第一活塞杆位于限位筒中，再放下紧急制动杆，使其位于第一活塞杆上，并恢复系统运行。
通过上述机构，本发明所公开的系统能够在驱动系统失控时，控制油泵，进而控制减速爪与第一轮轴上的减速套啮合，降低悬挂式输送车的移动速度，再通过紧急制动杆的自由落体，使得紧急制动杆的侧面与轨道上的拦截横杆接触，迅速地将悬挂式输送车的速度降为0，即使电机仍在运行，也无法推动悬挂式输送车继续前进，从根源上避免了悬挂式输送车之间 的相互碰撞以及工件的掉落，提高了工艺的安全性。
进一步地，所述构架的靠近第一轮轴的侧面上设置有红外测距仪。悬挂式输送车沿第二轮轴至第一轮轴的方向前进，因此构架靠近第一轮轴的侧面指的是构架的前端。红外测距仪与控制器电连接，通过预设红外测距仪发出和接收到的红外线的时间差判断两辆悬挂式输送车之间的距离，当时间差低于预设值时，说明两辆悬挂式输送车距离过近，为了避免两辆悬挂式输送车相撞，红外测距仪向控制器发送紧急制动信号，控制器在接收到紧急制动信号后开启油泵，启动紧急制动机构对悬挂式输送车进行紧急制动以避免发生碰撞。红外测距仪进一步简化了紧急制动系统的控制，省去了工作人员对紧急制动系统的控制，紧致制动过程更加简洁、快速、准确。
进一步地，所述减速齿由橡胶制成。减速齿采用橡胶制成，在啮合的过程中橡胶会发生形变，不会磨损减速爪上的凹槽，使用寿命更长，同时，减速齿的目的只是为了让第一轮轴的转速降低，橡胶自身的耐磨性、摩擦力和硬度足够达到这一目的，优选地，减速齿采用丁腈橡胶制成。
进一步地，相邻两块拦截横杆之间的距离为0.5～2米。
进一步地，所述拦截横杆的宽度为10～20厘米。
进一步地，所述拦截横杆的长度为轨道的间距的六分之一。
进一步地，所述第二通孔和第三通孔的直径相同。
进一步地，所述第一通孔的直径为第一活塞杆的直径的1.05～1.25倍。
上述设计均是在实际过程中得出的具体参数，以使得紧急制动机构能够更加平稳、容易地实施。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下的优点和有益效果：
1、本发明所公开的系统能够在驱动系统失控时，控制油泵，进而控制减速爪与第一轮轴上的减速套啮合，降低悬挂式输送车的移动速度，再通过紧急制动杆的自由落体，使得紧急制动杆的侧面与轨道上的拦截横杆接触，迅速地将悬挂式输送车的速度降为0，即使电机仍在运行，也无法推动悬挂式输送车继续前进，从根源上避免了悬挂式输送车之间的相互碰撞以及工件的掉落，提高了工艺的安全性；
2、本发明通过红外测距仪进一步简化了紧急制动系统的控制，省去了工作人员对紧急制动系统的控制，紧致制动过程更加简洁、快速、准确。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，并不构成对本发明实施例的限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的紧急制动机构在正常情况下的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的紧急制动机构在紧急制动情况下的结构示意图。
附图标记及对应的零部件名称：
1-构架，2-滚轮，31-第一轮轴，32-第二轮轴，4-减速套，5-紧急制动机构，6-齿轮箱，7-电机，8-红外测距仪，9-控制器，10-主悬挂柱，11-轨道，12-拦截横杆，51-次悬挂柱，52-放置板，531-油泵，532-第一油口，533-第二油口，534-液压缸体，535-第二活塞杆，536-第一活塞杆，537-活塞，54-紧急制动杆，55-减速爪，56-限位筒。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例和附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
如图1至图3所示，本发明一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，包括轨道11和悬挂式输送车，所述轨道11上等间距设置有多个垂直于轨道11的拦截横杆12；所述悬挂式输送车包括构架1，所述构架1下方连接有主悬挂柱10、紧急制动机构5、第一轮轴31和第二轮轴32，所述第一轮轴31、第二轮轴32的两端均连接有位于轨道11上的滚轮2，第一轮轴31上套设有减速套4，沿减速套4周向设置有多个减速齿，所述减速齿的截面为等腰梯形，第二轮轴32上设置有齿轮箱6，构架1上表面设置有电机7和控制器9，所述电机7的输出轴的底端贯穿构架1并伸入齿轮箱6中以驱动第二轮轴32转动；所述紧急制动机构5包括固定在构架1下表面的次悬挂柱51，所述次悬挂柱51底端固定有放置板52，所述放置板52位于拦截横杆12上方，放置板52上安装有液压缸体534和限位筒56，所述液压缸体534上表面固定有油泵531，所述油泵531与控制器9电连接，液压缸体534上表面设置有第一油口532和第二油口533，所述第一油口532靠近第二轮轴32，所述第二油口533靠近第一轮轴31，所述油泵531通过油管连接第一油口532和第二油口533，所述第一油口532和第二油口533均连通液压缸体534的内部，液压缸体534内部设置有活塞537，所述活塞537的一端固定有第二活塞杆535，另一端固定有第一活塞杆536，所述第二活塞杆535的活动端活动贯穿液压缸体534靠近第一轮轴31的一端，第二活塞杆535的活动端上连接有减速爪55，所述减速爪55正对减速套4，减速爪55朝向第一轮轴31的侧面为凹面，所述凹面的尺寸与减速套4的尺寸相匹配，凹面上设置有多个凹槽，所述凹槽的尺寸与减速齿的尺寸相匹配，所述第一活塞杆536的活动端活动贯穿液压缸体534靠近第二轮轴32的一端；所述限位筒 56的侧面设置有第一通孔，第一活塞杆536的活动端能够穿过所述第一通孔进入限位筒56中，还包括紧急制动杆54，所述紧急制动杆54的底端贯穿限位筒56的顶部进入限位筒56内部，当第一活塞杆536位于限位筒56中时，紧急制动杆54放置于第一活塞杆536上，所述限位筒56底部设置有第二通孔，所述放置板52上设置有第三通孔，当第一活塞杆536位于限位筒56外时，紧急制动杆54的底端依次穿过第二通孔和第三通孔并位于两个拦截横杆12之间，紧急制动杆54的顶端位于限位筒56的上表面；所述构架1的靠近第一轮轴31的侧面上设置有红外测距仪8；所述减速齿由橡胶制成；相邻两块拦截横杆12之间的距离为0.5～2米；所述拦截横杆12的宽度为10～20厘米；所述拦截横杆12的长度为轨道11的间距的六分之一；所述第二通孔和第三通孔的直径相同；所述第一通孔的直径为第一活塞杆536的直径的1.05～1.25倍。
使用时，当红外测距仪8检测到时间差低于预设值时，说明两辆悬挂式输送车的距离过近，红外测距仪8向控制器9发出紧急制动信号，控制器9控制油泵531，使得油泵531通过油管向第一油口532进油，并从第二油口533出油，从而使得活塞537沿第二轮轴32至第一轮轴31的方向移动，之后减速爪55与减速套4结合使得第一轮轴31停止转动，与此同时，紧急制动杆54落入两根拦截横杆12之间或者落在拦截横杆12上，在紧急制动杆54的侧面与拦截横杆12的侧面接触之前的一段时间里，悬挂式输送车主要靠减速爪55与减速套4的啮合减速，在紧急制动杆54的侧面与拦截横杆12的侧面接触后，由于紧急制动杆54的顶端位于限位筒56上方，紧急制动杆54、限位筒56和拦截横杆12共同限制了放置板52的移动，进而限制了整个悬挂式输送车的移动，悬挂式输送车的速度迅速降至0，此时即使电机7还在驱动第二轮轴32转动，也无法推动悬挂式输送车前进。在排除所有故障后，将紧急制动杆54提起，调整第二油口533进油，第一油口532出油，活塞537沿第一轮轴31至第二轮轴32的方向移动，最终第一活塞杆536位于限位筒56中，再放下紧急制动杆54，使其位于第一活塞杆536上，并恢复系统运行。
本发明所公开的系统能够在驱动系统失控时，控制油泵531，进而控制减速爪55与第一轮轴31上的减速套4啮合，降低悬挂式输送车的移动速度，再通过紧急制动杆54的自由落体，使得紧急制动杆54的侧面与轨道上的拦截横杆12接触，迅速地将悬挂式输送车的速度降为0，即使电机7仍在运行，也无法推动悬挂式输送车继续前进，从根源上避免了悬挂式输送车之间的相互碰撞以及工件的掉落，提高了工艺的安全性。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本 发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，包括轨道(11)和悬挂式输送车，其特征在于，所述轨道(11)上等间距设置有多个垂直于轨道(11)的拦截横杆(12)；所述悬挂式输送车包括构架(1)，所述构架(1)下方连接有主悬挂柱(10)、紧急制动机构(5)、第一轮轴(31)和第二轮轴(32)，所述第一轮轴(31)、第二轮轴(32)的两端均连接有位于轨道(11)上的滚轮(2)，第一轮轴(31)上套设有减速套(4)，沿减速套(4)周向设置有多个减速齿，所述减速齿的截面为等腰梯形，第二轮轴(32)上设置有齿轮箱(6)，构架(1)上表面设置有电机(7)和控制器(9)，所述电机(7)的输出轴的底端贯穿构架(1)并伸入齿轮箱(6)中以驱动第二轮轴(32)转动；所述紧急制动机构(5)包括固定在构架(1)下表面的次悬挂柱(51)，所述次悬挂柱(51)底端固定有放置板(52)，所述放置板(52)位于拦截横杆(12)上方，放置板(52)上安装有液压缸体(534)和限位筒(56)，所述液压缸体(534)上表面固定有油泵(531)，所述油泵(531)与控制器(9)电连接，液压缸体(534)上表面设置有第一油口(532)和第二油口(533)，所述第一油口(532)靠近第二轮轴(32)，所述第二油口(533)靠近第一轮轴(31)，所述油泵(531)通过油管连接第一油口(532)和第二油口(533)，所述第一油口(532)和第二油口(533)均连通液压缸体(534)的内部，液压缸体(534)内部设置有活塞(537)，所述活塞(537)的一端固定有第二活塞杆(535)，另一端固定有第一活塞杆(536)，所述第二活塞杆(535)的活动端活动贯穿液压缸体(534)靠近第一轮轴(31)的一端，第二活塞杆(535)的活动端上连接有减速爪(55)，所述减速爪(55)正对减速套(4)，减速爪(55)朝向第一轮轴(31)的侧面为凹面，所述凹面的尺寸与减速套(4)的尺寸相匹配，凹面上设置有多个凹槽，所述凹槽的尺寸与减速齿的尺寸相匹配，所述第一活塞杆(536)的活动端活动贯穿液压缸体(534)靠近第二轮轴(32)的一端；所述限位筒(56)的侧面设置有第一通孔，第一活塞杆(536)的活动端能够穿过所述第一通孔进入限位筒(56)中，还包括紧急制动杆(54)，所述紧急制动杆(54)的底端贯穿限位筒(56)的顶部进入限位筒(56)内部，当第一活塞杆(536)位于限位筒(56)中时，紧急制动杆(54)放置于第一活塞杆(536)上，所述限位筒(56)底部设置有第二通孔，所述放置板(52)上设置有第三通孔，当第一活塞杆(536)位于限位筒(56)外时，紧急制动杆(54)的底端依次穿过第二通孔和第三通孔并位于两个拦截横杆(12)之间，紧急制动杆(54)的顶端位于限位筒(56)的上表面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，其特征在于，所述构架(1)的靠近第一轮轴(31)的侧面上设置有红外测距仪(8)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，其特征在于，所述减速齿由橡胶制成。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，其特征在于，相邻两块拦截横杆(12)之间的距离为0.5～2米。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，其特征在于，所述拦截横杆(12)的宽度为10～20厘米。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，其特征在于，所述拦截横杆(12)的长度为轨道(11)的间距的六分之一。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，其特征在于，所述第二通孔和第三通孔的直径相同。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车生产车间用悬挂式轨道输送系统，其特征在于，所述第一通孔的直径为第一活塞杆(536)的直径的1.05～1.25倍。
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