WO2019119970A1

WO2019119970A1 - High-efficiency cultivation method for cymbidium sinense

Info

Publication number: WO2019119970A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/112288
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄刚; 陈财宝; 张金显
Original assignee: 广西乙木农业科技有限公司; 广西财经学院
Priority date: 2017-12-22
Filing date: 2018-10-29
Publication date: 2019-06-27
Also published as: CN109275542B; CN109275542A; CN108094109A

Abstract

A cultivation method for Cymbidium sinense; during the cultivation process of Cymbidium sinense, Cymbidium sinense is fertilized using a combination of watering techniques, or in other words, by applying a root nutrient solution once to the roots of the Cymbidium sinense in the morning and applying a foliar nutrient solution once to the leaves of the Cymbidium sinense at noon of the same day. The watering time intervals are: applying once every 4~5 days in the spring; applying once every 2~3 days in the summer; applying once every 3~4 days in the autumn; and applying once every 6-8 days in the winter. The utilized root nutrient solution is obtained by means of mixing Hua Duo Duo 30-10-10 with a biogas slurry, organic liquid fertilizer, and other elements; and the foliar nutrient solution is obtained by means of adding organic liquid fertilizer to Huo Li Su. According to the described method, the cultivation period of Cymbidium sinense may be shortened and the planting costs for Cymbidium sinense may be reduced.

Description

High-efficiency cultivation method of Molan

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of orchid planting, and in particular relates to an efficient cultivation method of a methylene orchid.

Background technique

Orchid, with its graceful posture, elegant charm, charming fragrance, has always been loved by people, and has become a symbol of the literati's self-cultivation and sentimentality in the past dynasties. Since ancient times, there have been countless poems and paintings about orchids. Confucius once sighed: "Zilan was born in the deep valley, not to be uninhabited; the gentleman repaired the morality, and did not change the festival because of poverty." Qu Yuan also used it in the "Li Sao" to compare the character to be noble and clean. The gentleman and Zhang Yu’s feelings of “not too big, and many fragrances” have aroused the resonance of many people. Lan culture has become an important part of Chinese traditional culture. Molan belongs to the genus Orchidaceae, also known as China Lan, and reported to Lan. During the cultivation of Molan, a group of Molan seedlings from transplanting to adult flowering often takes 3 to 4 years of planting time, and the cultivation period is too long, resulting in the cost of planting orchid growers, and the price of Molan is also Higher.

Flower fertilization depends on the type of flower, growth stage and climatic conditions. Different types of flowers have different fertilization levels due to different nutrient levels. Orchids, like other flower garden plants, maintain their normal physiological activities, but orchids are different from other flowers. The roots of orchids are fleshy roots, without roots, and can not directly absorb nutrients from the soil; mainly rely on fleshy roots. The symbiotic orchids absorb mineral nutrients from the soil and supply the orchid plants to provide the nutrients needed for their growth. Unreasonable fertilization is not only detrimental to plant growth, but also causes waste of resources and environmental pollution.

Foliar fertilization allows various mineral elements to enter the body from the leaves, directly involved in the synthesis of dry matter, and its fertilizer efficiency is faster than soil fertilization, which can significantly promote the synthesis and photosynthesis intensity of photosynthetic pigments. In the growth stage of orchid seedlings, the leaves grow rapidly, and the fertilization should be applied by spraying the foliar fertilizer; it can also be applied by spraying and applying the low-concentration special fertilizer because the net photosynthetic rate of the foliar fertilizer is higher. It is high, but its carboxylation efficiency is not as good as that of low-concentration special fertilizer. The fertilization method can increase the net photosynthetic rate and carboxylation efficiency of orchids, thereby increasing the accumulation of photosynthetic products in leaves and promoting growth.

At present, there are a few literature reports on the cultivation methods of orchids on the market. For example, patent application: CN201410787247.2, discloses a method for cultivating orchids, comprising the following steps: selecting a transparent material for water storage type automatic watering cultivation As a cultivation device, the device is arranged with a layer of vermiculite particles at the bottom of the cultivation container; the inner height of the control container is slightly larger than the length of the longest root of the orchid seedling, and the prepared nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is formulated into a nutrient solution with water, and a trace element fertilizer is added. Part of the nutrient solution is absorbed into the slow-release fertilizer by using the crystal mud; then the mixture mainly composed of the gas-permeable carrier material, the slow-release fertilizer and the cultivation substrate weighting material is used as the culture medium layer and covered on the vermiculite particle layer. At the same time, the orchid seedlings are planted into the cultivation container; the cultivation equipment for cultivating the orchid seedlings is placed in the semi-shadowing place which avoids direct sunlight or direct sunlight for less than 4 hours per day, and the nutrition is timely supplemented with the nutrient solution. Liquid can be. The invention has the advantages of simple steps, convenient observation and operation, good cultivation and ornamental effect, and is favorable for orchid growth. The patent solves the technical problems of insufficient nutrition of the culture substrate in the cultivation process of the Molan, the monotonous no-potting of the flower pot, the unreasonable water supply and ventilation, the inconvenient watering operation and the inability to ensure the growth and development of the orchid, but the problem of speeding up the flowering speed of the orchid is not solved. Moreover, special cultivation equipment is required in the cultivation process, and the cultivation cost is high.

Patent application: CN201110219211.0, discloses a substrate-cultivated orchid water-soluble growth special fertilizer, containing the following mass percentage of nutrient elements: nitrogen 9.5 to 10.5%, phosphorus 3.0 to 4.0%, potassium 14.5 to 15.5%, sulfur 0.8 to 1.2 %, calcium 2.0 to 3.0%, magnesium 0.8 to 1.2%, iron 0.56 to 0.80%, boron 0.015 to 0.025%, manganese 0.12 to 0.20%, zinc 0.11 to 0.19%, copper 0.04 to 0.08%, molybdenum 0.002 to 0.006%, Chlorine is 0.05 to 0.15% and cobalt is 0.001 to 0.003%. The special fertilizer of the invention contains 13 kinds of mineral elements (including calcium elements) required for the vegetative growth stage of orchids, and has good compatibility, and can be applied simultaneously with most plant protection agents (pesticides, etc.), thereby saving management costs and improving Economic benefit, can be used as a water-soluble growth special fertilizer for substrate cultivation of high-quality orchids; wherein the patent experiment 1 gives a fertilization method: 0.2 g of fertilizer per pot of orchid is dissolved in water (about 100-200 ml) and then immersed in the substrate. The root position of the plant is fertilized once a week. This patent gives the idea of fertilizing the roots and leaves of orchids with fertilizers. The fertilizer is easily absorbed by orchids, so it can increase the absorption rate of fertilizers, but the growth laws of orchids are often related to the influence of environmental factors. The effects of fertilization methods and fertilizer combinations at different stages of growth are very large; although the patent teaches the use of fertilizers with specific ingredients for root and leaf fertilization of orchids, the patent does not combine the different growth stages of orchids for fertilization, fertilization and The applied fertilizer is constant at all growth stages, which not only does not accelerate the flowering speed of the sage, but also causes waste of resources.

Master's thesis: "Study on the mechanism of flowering and flowering regulation of Molan" ("Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University" Li Shuzhen, 2016-04-01) disclosed: using Molan as a test material, through the anatomy and physiology of its flowering process Conduct research to explore its flowering mechanism. At the same time, the experiment explored the effects of low temperature induction, photoperiod, GA3, SA, etc. on the flowering of the orchid, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation technology of the orchid flower stage. The main results are as follows:(1) The process of flowering of Molan is mainly divided into the process of bud differentiation and flower development. (2) The changes of soluble sugar content, starch content, soluble protein content, POD activity, total carbon content, total nitrogen content and carbon to nitrogen ratio in the eight stages of flowering process were determined. (3) Low temperature: induction can promote the initial flowering period of Molan by 30.8±3.56d, which is beneficial to prolong the flower life and flowering period; the length of peduncle is shortened under low temperature induction treatment, and the number of florets is reduced to 8.33±3.61; The content of sugar and starch decreased compared with the control group, and the contents of total carbon and total nitrogen were generally slightly higher. At the same time, the orthogonal experiment design was used to investigate the effects of photoperiod, GA3 and SA on the flowering of Molan. It was found that there was a big difference in the effect of the flowering process of Molan. The illumination time is prolonged, the plant height is inhibited, and the flowering period is prolonged. This paper studied the anatomy and physiology of the process of flowering in the process of flowering, and used flowering, temperature, photoperiod, GA3, SA and other cultivation measures to control the flowering period, indicating the application of different kinds of fertilizers on the roots and leaves to grow orchids. The developmental influence is relatively large, but the literature does not disclose the way of fertilizing different components in combination with different growth cycles. However, different fertilization methods and fertilizer combinations at different stages have a greater impact on the growth and development of orchids.

Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an efficient cultivation method that can shorten the cultivation period of the Molan.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-efficiency cultivation method of Molan. By adopting the cultivation method of the present application, the cultivation period of the Molan can be shortened, and the cultivation can be carried out after about two years of cultivation.

In order to achieve the above stated objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An efficient cultivation method of Molan, in the cultivation process of Molan, combined with watering to fertilize Molan, that is, to apply a root nutrient solution to the Molan root in the morning, and to the Molan leaf at noon on the day of rooting Spray a foliar nutrient solution once;

The specific time interval of the root nutrient solution irrigation is adjusted with the season;

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contains more 30-10-10, ammonium phosphate, biogas slurry and organic liquid fertilizer; the growth of the ink seedlings from seven months to twelve months During the period, the root nutrient solution contains more 30-10-10, ammonium phosphate, biogas slurry, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and organic liquid fertilizer; in the growth period of the Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution is used. More flowers 30-10-10, ammonium phosphate, biogas slurry, potassium sulfate, sodium edetate and organic liquid fertilizer;

The foliar nutrient solution contains organic liquid fertilizer and vitality;

The viability is composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium molybdate, magnesium sulfate, sodium borate, potassium fulvate, amino acid chelated manganese, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, sodium edetate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, It is composed of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, protein peptide, calcium bentonite, sucrose and naphthalene acetic acid.

Further, the specific time interval of the root nutrient solution is: every 4 to 5 days in the spring, once every 2 to 3 days in the summer; every 3 to 4 days in the autumn; every 6 to 4 in the winter; ~8d once applied.

Further, within 6 months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contains 0.25-0.35 g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.06-0.08 g/L ammonium phosphate+200-240 g/L. Biogas slurry +80 ~ 100g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

Further, in the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the root nutrient solution contains 0.30-0.38 g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.10-0.12 g/L ammonium phosphate+240. ~ 260g / L biogas +0.08 ~ 0.10g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate +90 ~ 120g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

Further, in the growth period of the Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used contains 0.35 to 0.40 g/L of flowers, 30-10-10+0.12 to 0.18 g/L of ammonium phosphate + 260 to 280 g/ L biogas slurry +0.08～0.10g/L potassium sulfate+0.05～0.08g/L sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate+120～150g/L organic liquid fertilizer.

Further, the organic liquid fertilizer is mainly composed of 80 to 100 parts of wine residue, 35 to 45 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, 20 to 30 parts of cow dung, 20 to 30 parts of rabbit dung, 15 to 20 parts of seaweed residue, and water hyacinth 30. ～50 parts, 0.4 to 0.6 parts of EM bacteria solution, and 2000 to 2500 parts of water are mixed and fermented for 18 to 24 days, and then obtained by filtration and slag removal.

Further, the active ingredient contained in the foliar nutrient solution is an organic liquid fertilizer and a viable hormone; wherein the viability is composed of the following components in mass percentage: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15-20%, potassium molybdate 10～ 13%, magnesium sulfate 12-15%, sodium borate 10-14%, phosgen citrate 8-10%, amino acid chelated manganese 7-9%, calcium chloride 6-10%, zinc chloride 3~5% , sodium edetate 2 to 3%, copper sulfate 2-4%, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2 to 3%, protein peptide 0.5 to 1%, calcium bentonite 3 to 5%, sucrose 2 to 3 %, naphthaleneacetic acid 1 to 2%.

Further, within six months after transplanting the Molan seedlings, the foliar nutrient solution used contains 30-50 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 20-30 g/L of viscosein; 7 months to 12 in Molan seedlings. During the growth period of the month, the foliar nutrient solution used contains 60-80 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 40-60 g/L of viscosein; during the growth period of more than 12 months of the Molan seedling, the foliar nutrient solution is contained. Organic liquid fertilizer 60 ~ 80g / L and vitality 100 ~ 120g / L.

Since the present invention adopts the above technical solutions, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

1. The high-efficiency cultivation method of Molan in this application mainly adopts the principle of thin fertilizer and diligent application, and formulates the measures of root irrigation and foliar fertilization in the early morning and afternoon, fertilization combined with watering, and the principle of watering is generally dry and wet. The specific time interval is adjusted according to the temperature and season. In the morning, the roots can be used to supplement the nutrients consumed by nighttime respiration. The pores on the leaves of the Molan leaves are opened at noon, and the application of the foliar nutrient solution is beneficial to the rapid absorption of nutrients. To a certain extent, speed up the growth and maturation of Molan.

2. The root nutrient solution of the present application is obtained through research and development improvement on the basis of commercially available flowers, and the foliar nutrient solution is used by combining organic liquid fertilizer with vitality, by supplementing raw materials such as biogas slurry and organic liquid fertilizer. And according to different growth stages to supplement different levels and types of inorganic salt nutrients, more in line with the growth demand of Molan, thus reducing the maturity time of Molan from three or four years to about two years.

3. The fertilizer used in this application can be purchased in the market. The fertilizer is simple and easy to obtain, which reduces the cultivation cost of the mulberry. Through reasonable and effective fertilization, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, the growth rate of the maulan is accelerated, and the cultivation is further reduced. cost.

4. According to the growth characteristics of Molan, the nutrient composition of different growth stages of Molan is different during the growth period of 1-6 months, 7-12 months and 12 months after the transplanting of Molan seedlings. The demand, combined with watering to fertilize the roots and leaves of the Molan, combined with different growth cycles to carry out the fertilization of different components, thereby achieving the purpose of speeding up the flowering of the orchid.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and any improvement or substitution in the basic spirit of the present embodiment is still within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

The high-efficiency cultivation method of Molan in this application mainly adopts the principle of thin fertilizer and multiple application, and formulates the measures of root irrigation and foliar fertilization in the early morning and afternoon, fertilization combined with watering, and the principle of watering is generally dry and wet. The specific time interval is adjusted according to the temperature and season. In the cultivation process, the company's self-contained cultivation substrate is used to grow Molan. The cultivation substrate is 70 parts of Pleurotus eryngii slag, 12 parts of bone powder, 12 parts of modified coconut shell, 135 parts of peat soil, and straw 12 by weight. Prepared by mixing, 0.3 parts of microbial inoculum, 0.4 parts of wood chips, 65 parts of cassava alcohol waste liquid, and 2.5 parts of potassium carbonate; the biomass has a mass ratio of 3:3:3:2:1:1 EM bacteria, Vibrio fibrio, planktonic bacterium, filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei, white chain cysts, yeast; the number of viable bacteria in microbial agents is more than 18 billion / g. The modified coconut shell used is prepared by the following method: firstly drying the coconut shell and then pulverizing it into coconut shell powder for use; silane coupling agent A171 is weighed according to the weight of the coconut shell powder 1.5 to 2.0%, and the silane coupling agent is used. The solution is prepared by using anhydrous ethanol to obtain solution A; the coconut shell powder is placed in solution A, and stirred at a temperature of 70-80 ° C at a speed of 800 r / min for 1 h to obtain a modified solution B; The anhydrous ethanol in solution B is evaporated to obtain a mixture C; sodium polyacrylate, mixture C, and potassium perphosphate are mixed at a mass ratio of 30:80:1, extruded, granulated, and dried in a twin-screw extruder. A modified coconut shell is obtained. The above cultivation medium has the characteristics of gas permeable and hydrophobic, good water retention and water retention, and is suitable for the growth of the ink orchid.

In the following examples, the main nutrients contained in the most used 30-10-10 are: 2.06% ammonium nitrogen, 3.31% nitrate nitrogen, 24.62% urea nitrogen, 10% water soluble phosphorus. Anhydride, 10% water soluble potassium, 0.05% water soluble magnesium, 0.0068% boron, 0.0036% copper (chelating state), 0.05% iron (chelating state), 0.024% manganese (chelating state), 0.0009% molybdenum, 0.0022 % zinc (chelating state).

Example 1

An efficient cultivation method of Molan, after transplanting the Molan seedlings in October, fertilizing the Molan at a certain number of days, combined with watering, and applying the Molan roots from 7:00 to 9:00 in the morning. A root nutrient solution is applied once, and a foliar nutrient solution is sprayed on the leaves of the Molan at noon on the day of the rooting. The specific time interval for the application of the root nutrient solution is: once every 4 to 5 days in spring; once every 2 to 3 days in summer; once every 3 to 4 days in autumn; every 6 to 8 days in winter The application interval is determined according to the season, the weather and the cultivation medium. When the temperature is high, the cultivation medium dries quickly, the interval time can be short, and when the temperature is low, the cultivation medium dries slowly, and the interval can be slightly long.

The specific application scheme of the root nutrient solution is:

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contained more than 0.25 g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.08 g/L ammonium phosphate + 240 g/L biogas slurry + 80 g/L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the root nutrient solution contains more than 0.30g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.12g/L ammonium phosphate + 260g/L biogas slurry +0.08g. / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 90g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

In the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used contains 0.35g/L flower more than 30-10-10+0.18g/L ammonium phosphate + 280g/L biogas slurry +0.08g/L sulfuric acid Potassium +0.05g / L sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate + 120g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

The organic liquid fertilizer mainly comprises 80 parts of wine slag, 35 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, 20 parts of cow dung, 20 parts of rabbit dung, 15 parts of kelp slag, 30 parts of water hyacinth, 0.4 parts of EM liquid, and 2000 parts of water. After 18 days of mixed fermentation, it was obtained by filtration and slag removal.

The active ingredients contained in the foliar nutrient solution are organic liquid fertilizer and vitality, and the application scheme of the foliar nutrient solution is:

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 30 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 30 g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution contained 60g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 60g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 60 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 100 g/L of vigor.

Wherein, the viscose is composed of the following components in mass percentage: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15%, potassium molybdate 10%, magnesium sulfate 15%, sodium borate 10%, potassium fulvate 10%, amino acid chelated manganese 7 %, calcium chloride 10%, zinc chloride 3%, sodium edetate 2%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 4%, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2%, protein peptide 1%, calcium bentonite 5%, sucrose 3%, 1% naphthaleneacetic acid. The organic liquid fertilizer in the foliar nutrient solution is prepared in the same manner as in the root nutrient solution.

Example 2

The specific application scheme of the root nutrient solution is:

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contained 0.30 g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.07 g/L ammonium phosphate + 220 g/L biogas slurry + 90 g/L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the root nutrient solution contains 0.35g/L of flower, 30-10-10+0.11g/L ammonium phosphate + 250g/L biogas slurry +0.09g. / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 100g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used contained 0.36g/L of flower more than 30-10-10+0.15g/L ammonium phosphate + 270g/L biogas slurry +0.09g/L sulfuric acid. Potassium +0.06g / L sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate + 135g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

The organic liquid fertilizer mainly comprises 90 parts of wine residue, 40 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, 25 parts of cow dung, 25 parts of rabbit dung, 18 parts of kelp residue, 40 parts of water hyacinth, 0.5 part of EM liquid, 2200 parts of water. After 20 days of mixed fermentation, it was obtained by filtration and slag removal.

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 40 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 25 g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution contained 70g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 50g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 70 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 110 g/L of vigor.

Wherein, the viability is composed of the following components in mass percentage: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20%, potassium molybdate 13%, magnesium sulfate 12%, sodium borate 14%, potassium fulvate 8%, amino acid chelated manganese 9 %, 6% calcium chloride, 4% zinc chloride, 3% sodium edetate, 2% copper sulfate pentahydrate, 2.5% ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5% protein peptide, 3% calcium bentonite, sucrose 2%, 1% naphthaleneacetic acid. The organic liquid fertilizer in the foliar nutrient solution is prepared in the same manner as in the root nutrient solution.

Example 3

The specific application scheme of the root nutrient solution is:

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contained 0.35 g/L of flower, 30-10-10+0.06 g/L ammonium phosphate + 200 g/L biogas slurry + 100 g/L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the root nutrient solution contains 0.38g/L of flower, 30-10-10+0.10g/L ammonium phosphate + 240g/L biogas slurry +0.08g. / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 120g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

In the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used contains 0.40g/L flower more than 30-10-10+0.12g/L ammonium phosphate + 260g/L biogas slurry +0.08g/L sulfuric acid Potassium +0.05g / L sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate + 150g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

The organic liquid fertilizer mainly comprises 100 parts of wine slag, 45 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, 30 parts of cow dung, 30 parts of rabbit dung, 20 parts of kelp slag, 50 parts of water hyacinth, 0.6 parts of EM liquid, and 2500 parts of water. After 24 days of mixed fermentation, it was obtained by filtration and slag removal.

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 50 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 20 g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution contained 80g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 40g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 80 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 100 g/L of vigor.

Wherein, the viscose is composed of the following components in mass percentage: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 16%, potassium molybdate 11%, magnesium sulfate 13%, sodium borate 12%, potassium fulvate 9%, amino acid chelated manganese 8 %, calcium chloride 8%, zinc chloride 5%, sodium edetate 2.5%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 3.5%, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 3%, protein peptide 1%, calcium bentonite 4%, sucrose 2%, 2% naphthaleneacetic acid. The organic liquid fertilizer in the foliar nutrient solution is prepared in the same manner as in the root nutrient solution.

Example 4

The specific application scheme of the root nutrient solution is:

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contained 0.26 g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.06 g/L ammonium phosphate + 235 g/L biogas slurry + 95 g/L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the root nutrient solution contains 0.31g/L of flower, 30-10-10+0.10g/L ammonium phosphate + 255g/L biogas slurry +0.10g. / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 115g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used contained 0.36 g/L of flowers, 30-10-10+0.13 g/L ammonium phosphate + 275 g/L biogas slurry + 0.10 g/L sulfuric acid. Potassium +0.07g / L sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate + 145g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

Among them, the organic liquid fertilizer mainly consists of 85 pieces of wine slag, 36 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, 22 parts of cow dung, 22 parts of rabbit dung, 16 parts of seaweed slag, 35 parts of water hyacinth, 0.4 parts of EM liquid, and 2100 parts of water. After 19 days of mixed fermentation, it was obtained by filtration and slag removal.

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 35 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 28 g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution contained 65g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 55g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used contained organic liquid fertilizer of 65g/L and vitality of 115g/L.

Wherein, the viscose is composed of the following components in mass percentage: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 16%, potassium molybdate 11%, magnesium sulfate 13%, sodium borate 11%, potassium fulvate 8%, amino acid chelated manganese 7 %, 7% calcium chloride, 3.5% zinc chloride, 2.2% sodium edetate, 2.5% copper sulfate pentahydrate, 2.2% ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.6% protein peptide, 3.5% calcium bentonite, sucrose 2.2%, naphthaleneacetic acid 1.2%.

Example 5

The specific application scheme of the root nutrient solution is:

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contained 0.33 g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.08 g/L ammonium phosphate + 210 g/L biogas slurry +85 g/L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the root nutrient solution contains 0.37g/L of flower, 30-10-10+0.12g/L ammonium phosphate + 245g/L biogas slurry +0.08g. / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 95g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used contained 0.39 g/L of flowers, 30-10-10+0.17 g/L ammonium phosphate + 265 g/L biogas slurry + 0.10 g/L sulfuric acid. Potassium +0.06g / L sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate +125g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

Among them, the organic liquid fertilizer mainly consists of 95 pieces of wine slag, 43 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, 28 parts of cow dung, 28 parts of rabbit dung, 19 parts of kelp residue, 45 parts of water hyacinth, 0.6 parts of EM liquid, and 2400 parts of water. After 23 days of mixed fermentation, it was obtained by filtration and slag removal.

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 45 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 22 g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution contained 75g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 45g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used contained organic liquid fertilizer 75g/L and vitality 105g/L.

Wherein, the viscose is composed of the following components in mass percentage: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 19%, potassium molybdate 12%, magnesium sulfate 14%, sodium borate 13%, potassium fulvate 10%, amino acid chelated manganese 9 %, calcium chloride 9%, zinc chloride 4.5%, sodium edetate 2.8%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 3.5%, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.8%, protein peptide 0.9%, calcium bentonite 4.5%, sucrose 2.8%, naphthaleneacetic acid 1.8%.

Example 6

The specific application scheme of the root nutrient solution is:

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contained 0.31 g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.07 g/L ammonium phosphate + 230 g/L biogas slurry + 95 g/L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the root nutrient solution contains more than 0.36g/L of flower 30-10-10+0.12g/L ammonium phosphate + 245g/L biogas slurry +0.10g. / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 105g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used contained 0.37g/L flower more than 30-10-10+0.15g/L ammonium phosphate + 270g/L biogas slurry +0.10g/L sulfuric acid. Potassium +0.07g / L sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate + 130g / L organic liquid fertilizer.

The organic liquid fertilizer mainly comprises 90 parts of wine residue, 40 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, 26 parts of cow dung, 24 parts of rabbit dung, 17 parts of kelp residue, 40 parts of water hyacinth, 0.4-0.65 parts of EM liquid, water. After 2300 parts of mixed fermentation for 21 days, it was obtained by filtration and slag removal.

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 42 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 24 g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of the period from 7 months to 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution contained 69g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 52g/L of vigor.

During the growth period of Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used contained 73 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 108 g/L of vigor.

Wherein, the viscose is composed of the following components in mass percentage: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 17%, potassium molybdate 12%, magnesium sulfate 13%, sodium borate 12%, potassium fulvate 9%, amino acid chelated manganese 8 %, calcium chloride 8%, zinc chloride 5%, sodium edetate 2%, 3% copper sulfate pentahydrate, 3% ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, protein peptide 0.7%, calcium bentonite 4%, sucrose 2.5%, naphthaleneacetic acid 1.6%.

In order to further illustrate that the present invention can achieve the technical effects, the following experiments are performed:

First, the contrast experiment

Comparative example 1

The difference between the comparative example and the second embodiment is that the root nutrient solution contains only a large amount of flowers, and the amount of each step is 0.38 g/L, and the other conditions are unchanged.

Comparative example 2

The comparative example is different from that of the second embodiment in that the foliar nutrient solution is only used as a vicin, and the amount is 100 g/L, and the viscose is the formulation disclosed in the patent application No. CN201510748666.X, and other conditions are unchanged.

Comparative example 3

The comparative example was applied with a root nutrient solution containing only a lot of flowers and a foliar nutrient solution containing only vigor, and the frequency of fertilization was once a month.

Comparative example 4

The comparative example differs from Example 2 in that the root and foliar nutrient solution used in the six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings is formulated according to the patent application CN201410252186.X; During the growth period of months to 12 months, the root and foliar nutrient solution used is formulated according to the patent application CN201710040879.6; the roots and leaves are used during the growth period of more than 12 months. The nutrient solution adopts the formulation disclosed in the patent application CN201110219211.0, and other conditions remain unchanged.

Comparative example 5

The comparative example differs from Example 2 in that, within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution used is formulated according to the patent application CN201410252186.X; in the case of the Merlin seedlings for seven months. During the 12-month growth period, the root nutrient solution used is formulated according to the patent application CN201710040879.6; in the growth period of the ink orchid seedling for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used is patent application CN201110219211.0. The disclosed formulas are unchanged.

Comparative example 6

The comparative example differs from Example 2 in that, within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the foliar nutrient solution used is formulated according to the patent application CN201110219211.0; During the growth period of 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used adopts the formula disclosed in the patent application CN201710040879.6; in the growth period of the Mulan seedling for more than 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used adopts the patent application CN201410252186 The formula disclosed in .X is the same as the other conditions.

Comparative example 7

The comparative example differs from Example 2 in that, within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution used is formulated according to the patent application CN201410252186.X, and the foliar nutrient solution used is patented. The formula disclosed in CN201110219211.0; in the growth period of the ink blue seedlings from seven months to twelve months, the root nutrient solution used adopts the formula disclosed in the patent application CN201710040879.6, and the foliar nutrient solution used adopts a patent application. The formula disclosed in CN201410252186.X; in the growth period of the Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used adopts the formula disclosed in the patent application CN201110219211.0, and the foliar nutrient solution used adopts the patent application CN201710040879.6 The formula disclosed in the above, the other conditions remain unchanged.

Comparative example 8

This comparative example was carried out in accordance with the examples in the patent application CN201410787247.2.

Comparative example 9

This comparative example was carried out in accordance with Test 1 in Patent Application CN201110219211.0.

Second, the experimental results

Using the methods in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 of the present application, 20 strains were cultivated in each group, and after 45 months of cultivation test, the flowering conditions of each group were observed and recorded. The results of the Molan cultivation experiment are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1

It can be seen from the experimental data of Table 1 that at least 6 strains of Molan in Examples 1 to 6 of the present application have already flowered in 23 months, and completely flowered in 28 to 30 months. However, the Molan in Comparative Examples 1 to 9 began to flower in the 24 to 28 months after cultivation, and the number of flowering plants was small, and it was completely flowered at 37 months or more. It shows that the method of fertilization and the formula of fertilizer have great influence on the growth of Molan, and the nutrient solution formula of this application is more scientific and reasonable, and can promote the growth of Molan.

In summary, the high-efficiency cultivation method of Molan in this application mainly adopts the principle of thin fertilizer and diligent application, and formulates the measures of root irrigation and foliar fertilization in the early morning and afternoon, fertilization combined with watering, and the principle of watering is generally dry. See wet, the specific time interval is adjusted according to temperature and season. In the morning, the roots can be used to supplement the nutrients consumed by nighttime respiration. The pores on the leaves of the Molan leaves are opened at noon, and the application of the foliar nutrient solution is beneficial to the rapid absorption of nutrients. To a certain extent, speed up the growth and maturation of Molan. The root nutrient solution used is developed and improved on the basis of commercially available flowers, and the foliar nutrient solution is used by combining organic liquid fertilizer with vitality, by supplementing raw materials such as biogas slurry and organic liquid fertilizer, and according to different The growth stage supplements different levels and types of inorganic salt nutrients, which is more in line with the growth requirements of Molan, thus shortening the maturity time of Molan from three or four years to about two years. The fertilizers used can be purchased on the market, the fertilizer is simple and easy to obtain, and the cultivation cost of the mulberry is reduced. By rational and effective fertilization, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, the growth speed of the maulan is accelerated, and the cultivation cost is further reduced.

It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims instead All changes in the meaning and scope of the equivalent waist are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

An efficient cultivation method of Molan, characterized in that: in the cultivation process of the Molan, the fertilization of the Molan is carried out in combination with the watering, that is, the root nutrient solution is applied to the Molan root in the morning, and at noon on the day of the rooting Spraying a foliar nutrient solution on the leaves of the Molan;

The specific time interval of the root nutrient solution irrigation is adjusted with the season;

Within six months after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings, the root nutrient solution contains more 30-10-10, ammonium phosphate, biogas slurry and organic liquid fertilizer; the growth of the ink seedlings from seven months to twelve months During the period, the root nutrient solution contains more 30-10-10, ammonium phosphate, biogas slurry, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and organic liquid fertilizer; in the growth period of the Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution is used. More flowers 30-10-10, ammonium phosphate, biogas slurry, potassium sulfate, sodium edetate and organic liquid fertilizer;

The foliar nutrient solution contains organic liquid fertilizer and vitality;

The viability is composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium molybdate, magnesium sulfate, sodium borate, potassium fulvate, amino acid chelated manganese, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, sodium edetate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, It is composed of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, protein peptide, calcium bentonite, sucrose and naphthalene acetic acid.
The method for efficiently cultivating Molan according to claim 1, wherein the specific time interval of the root nutrient solution is: every 4 to 5 days in spring, and every 2 to 3 days in summer. Apply once; every 3 to 4 days in the autumn; once every 6 to 8 days in the winter.
The method for efficiently cultivating a blue orchid according to claim 1, wherein the root nutrient solution contains 0.25-0.35 g/L of flower 30-10 after the transplanting of the Molan seedlings within six months. -10+0.06～0.08g/L ammonium phosphate+200～240g/L biogas slurry+80～100g/L organic liquid fertilizer.
The method for efficiently cultivating a blue orchid according to claim 1, wherein the root nutrient solution contains 0.30 to 0.38 g/L of flower during the growth period of the ink blue seedling for seven months to twelve months. A lot of 30-10-10+0.10～0.12g/L ammonium phosphate+240～260g/L biogas slurry+0.08～0.10g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate+90～120g/L organic liquid fertilizer.
The method for efficiently cultivating Molan according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the growth period of the Molan seedlings for more than 12 months, the root nutrient solution used contains 0.35 to 0.40 g/L of flowers 30- 10-10+0.12～0.18g/L ammonium phosphate+260～280g/L biogas slurry+0.08～0.10g/L potassium sulfate+0.05～0.08g/L sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate+120～150g/L organic liquid fertilizer .
The method for efficiently cultivating Molan according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the organic liquid fertilizer is mainly composed of 80 to 100 parts of wine slag, 35 to 45 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, and cow dung. 20 to 30 parts, 20 to 30 parts of rabbit feces, 15 to 20 parts of kelp residue, 30 to 50 parts of water hyacinth, 0.4 to 0.6 parts of EM liquid, and 2000 to 2500 parts of water for 18 to 24 days, after filtration and slag removal get.
The method for efficiently cultivating a blue orchid according to claim 1, wherein the active ingredient contained in the foliar nutrient solution is an organic liquid fertilizer and a viable hormone; wherein the viability is calculated by mass percentage as follows Composition: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15-20%, potassium molybdate 10-13%, magnesium sulfate 12-15%, sodium borate 10-14%, potassium fulvic acid 8-10%, amino acid chelated manganese 7-9 %, calcium chloride 6 to 10%, zinc chloride 3 to 5%, sodium edetate 2 to 3%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 2 to 4%, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2 to 3%, protein peptide 0.5 to 1%, calcium bentonite 3 to 5%, sucrose 2 to 3%, naphthaleneacetic acid 1 to 2%.
The method for efficiently cultivating a blue orchid according to claim 7, characterized in that the foliar nutrient solution used in the foliar nutrient solution contains 30-50 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and vigor in the six months after transplanting 20～30g/L; in the growth period of the ink blue seedlings from seven months to twelve months, the foliar nutrient solution used contains 60-80g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 40～60g/L of vigor; During the growth period of more than 12 months, the foliar nutrient solution used contains 60-80 g/L of organic liquid fertilizer and 100-120 g/L of vigor.