WO2019117200A1 - 溶鉄の精錬方法 - Google Patents
溶鉄の精錬方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019117200A1 WO2019117200A1 PCT/JP2018/045692 JP2018045692W WO2019117200A1 WO 2019117200 A1 WO2019117200 A1 WO 2019117200A1 JP 2018045692 W JP2018045692 W JP 2018045692W WO 2019117200 A1 WO2019117200 A1 WO 2019117200A1
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- slag
- primary
- amount
- charge
- blowing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/04—Removing impurities other than carbon, phosphorus or sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
- C21C5/462—Means for handling, e.g. adjusting, changing, coupling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of refining molten iron in a converter-type vessel (hereinafter referred to as a converter) such as an upper blowing converter, a bottom blowing converter, an upper bottom blowing converter, etc.
- a converter such as an upper blowing converter, a bottom blowing converter, an upper bottom blowing converter, etc.
- the present invention relates to a method of refining molten iron in which primary blowing and secondary blowing are continuously performed.
- a relatively low basicity slag produced by the current primary blasting (with only silicon removal or with the goal of silicon removal and phosphorus removal) is partially transferred to the outside of the furnace by intermediate discharge.
- the lime-based solvent is added to the slag remaining in the furnace and secondary blowing (at least one of dephosphorization and decarburization) is performed to form a relatively high basicity slag.
- secondary blowing at least one of dephosphorization and decarburization
- the amount of dephosphorization (at least one of the amount of dephosphorization and the amount of cover slag in the case of decarburization blowing) is adjusted by adjusting the slag basicity by adding a lime-based solvent during secondary blowing.
- the appropriate amount of the lime-based solvent filler to be added varies depending on the amount of residual slag in the furnace immediately after intermediate dumping and the residual slag basicity in the furnace.
- the amount of residual slag in the furnace and the amount of residual slag basicity in the furnace fluctuate due to various factors in operation, it is necessary to accurately add the slag basicity and the amount of intermediate waste at each charge during secondary blowing. There is a problem that dephosphorization failure occurs due to insufficient CaO content or excessive dephosphorization due to excessive addition of CaO.
- Patent Document 1 It is a method (patent documents 2) which presume slag basicity of the processing concerned from slag actual value of processing similar to the processing concerned.
- Patent Document 2 does not show how to handle the amount of slag carried over, and it records and references in relation to the intermediate waste that may be necessary when directly estimating the basicity of the secondary blow slag. There is no mention of any operating parameters to be done. Moreover, in this method, the concentration of each component in the slag is only derived from the large amount of operation data based on the similarity of the operation conditions, and the information on the amount of slag which is one of the important information in the blowing control is There was also a problem that it was lacking because the amount of intermediate displacement was unknown.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and in the refining method including the primary blow process, the intermediate waste process, and the secondary blow process in the converter, the slag properties and the intermediate waste of the primary blow process.
- the purpose is to adjust the secondary blasting slag basicity with high accuracy by estimating and calculating the amount of intermediate displacement from the dredging situation and adding the amount of CaO necessary for the secondary blasting appropriately.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive research to find out the amount of slag after primary blow processing and the basicity of slag after primary blow processing with respect to the intermediate discharge amount of slag after primary blow processing. , It has been found that it can be estimated from the slag discharge start angle (which means "tilt angle of converter when slag starts to flow out of the furnace") and the like, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.
- the slag basicity is generally expressed by "CaO concentration in slag (mass%) / SiO 2 concentration in slag (mass%)", but the molecular e x concentration of MgO in slag (mass%)
- An index may be used to add or add to the denominator an f 2 concentration of Al 2 O 3 (mass%) (e and f each have a coefficient of 1 or less) to the denominator. good.
- the concentration of MgO in the slag is 15% by mass or more and “the concentration of CaO in the mass (mass%) / the concentration of SiO 2 in the mass (mass%)” is less than 0.8, It is desirable to use an index that adds the term of MgO concentration.
- the denominator includes the operation in which the concentration of Al 2 O 3 in the slag is 30% by mass or more and “CaO concentration in the mass (mass%) / SiO 2 concentration in the mass (mass%)” exceeds 4.0. It is desirable to use an index that adds the above-mentioned Al 2 O 3 concentration term to. In ordinary primary and secondary blasting slags, the above-mentioned slag composition is hardly found, and “CaO concentration in slag (mass%) / SiO 2 concentration in slag (mass%)” is used as an index. Slag basicity is sufficiently applicable. The unit of slag basicity is dimensionless. In addition, the slag discharge start angle ⁇ is an angle at which slag starts to flow out of the furnace from the furnace port, with the converter upright state as 0 °.
- a method of refining molten iron When refining molten iron using a converter-type vessel, an intermediate displacement amount of primary blowdown slag is used as a target variable in advance, and at least one of primary blowoff slag basicity and slag discharge start angle, And multiple regression analysis using information including the primary blowdown slag amount as explanatory variables, Hot metal is charged into the converter-type vessel, and primary blowing is performed only for desiliconization or for desiliconization and dephosphorization, Then, after performing an intermediate discharge for discharging a part of the slag after the primary blow processing to the outside of the converter type vessel, using the results of the multiple regression analysis, the intermediate discharge amount and the primary of the primary blow slag.
- W D (n) Intermediate discharge amount of n-th charge first blow smelting slag (t / ch)
- W 1 (n) Amount of primary blow slag at nth charge (t / ch)
- W H (n) Charge amount of molten metal at nth charge (t / ch)
- B C 1 (n): Primary blowdown slag basicity (dimensionless number)
- the refining method of molten iron of the present invention can raise the accuracy of the basicity control of secondary blasting slag without waiting time of secondary blasting. More specifically, according to the present invention, since it becomes possible to estimate the amount of middle discharge from the slag properties and the middle discharge condition of the first blow, the primary at the start of the second blow without prolonging the steel making time.
- the amount of CaO to be added in the secondary blowing can be adjusted based on the residual amount of the blasting slag in the furnace and the primary blowing slag basicity, and the secondary blowing slag basicity can be accurately adjusted.
- FIG. 1 shows an outline of a method of refining a converter according to an embodiment of the present invention and items calculated in each process.
- the first to fifth steps described below are repeated.
- the current charge of interest is n charge (n is a natural number)
- the previous charge is (n-1) charge
- the next charge is (n + 1) charge.
- the molten metal 4 is charged from the molten metal charging pot 3 into the converter (converter type container) 2 in which the iron scrap 1 is charged. At this time, there is a secondary blow slag 5 of the (n-1) th charge in the furnace.
- the n-th charge primary blow slag amount W 1 (n) and the primary blow slag basicity B C, 1 (n) are respectively
- the mass balance is calculated as in the following equations (4) and (5).
- the slag basicity B C, 1 (n) will be described as meaning the CaO concentration in the slag (mass%) / the SiO 2 concentration in the slag (mass%).
- X W2 is the sum of CaO concentration (% by mass) and SiO 2 concentration (% by mass) of the secondary blasting slag, which varies depending on the content of components other than CaO and SiO 2 In the example, 50.6) may be adopted as a fixed value.
- X W1 is the sum of the CaO concentration (% by mass) and the SiO 2 concentration (% by mass) of the primary blasting slag 7, and similarly varies depending on the content of components other than CaO and SiO 2 but the average value of operation For example, 60.0) may be adopted as a fixed value in the embodiment.
- X SL is the sum of the CaO concentration (mass%) and the SiO 2 concentration (mass%) of the lime-based solvent (in the example, the decarburizing furnace) for adjusting the slag basicity.
- C SL is the CaO concentration (mass%) of the lime-based solvent (for the decarburizing furnace in the example) for adjusting the slag basicity,
- S SL is a lime-based solvent for the slag basicity (for the decarburizing furnace in the example) SiO) SiO 2 concentration (% by mass).
- W SL, 1 (n) When a plurality of materials are used as the lime-based solvent dissolver for adjusting the slag basicity, W SL, 1 (n) ⁇ X SL / 100, W SL, 1 (n) ⁇ C SL / 100, in the above equation And, for each item of W SL, 1 (n) ⁇ S SL / 100, a value integrated for each of a plurality of materials may be used.
- W CaO, 1 (n) and W SiO2,1 (n) are the amounts of CaO and SiO 2 (Si combustion, respectively) derived from auxiliary materials other than the lime based solvent filler for adjusting slag basicity to be charged in the first blow process.
- the composition (calculation composition) of the primary blasting slag is calculated from the amount of slag remaining in the furnace and the estimated value of the composition, the amount of reaction products, and the amount and composition of additives to the furnace It can be estimated by
- the Si heat source such as ferrosilicon or SiC and the primary blowing auxiliary material 6 such as CaO or decarburizing furnace are added to the converter 2 in which the hot metal 4 is charged.
- the primary blowout slag 7 to be formed is adjusted to a target basicity (for example, basicity 1.5 or less), while removing oxygen only while removing oxygen from the top blow lance 8 or the like, or desiliconization and removal Perform primary blow for the purpose of phosphorus.
- the amount of lime-based solvent flux W SL, 1 (n) for adjusting the slag basicity is determined so that the calculated primary blowing slag basicity B C, 1 (n) matches the target basicity. .
- the inventors used the method of estimating the amount of primary blasting slag 10 discharged out of the furnace, that is, the middle displacement amount W D (n) (hereinafter referred to as “displacement amount”). Instead of using a large weighing method, it is thought to use a method that is estimated from various operating conditions, and survey and accumulate the results of the amount of displacement excluding metal (including iron in slag), and make various operations
- the present invention has been accomplished by clarifying the relationship with factors quantitatively.
- the displacement amount can be accurately estimated by calculating using any one or more information in the group consisting of
- W D (n) Middle discharge volume of n-th charge primary blowing slag (t / ch)
- B C 1 (n): Primary blowdown slag basicity (dimensionless number)
- the constants a3, b3, c3 and d3 are determined by multiple regression analysis as described later, and are set to 9.25, 0.146, 1.78 and 0.0650, respectively.
- the coefficients of the respective terms in the estimation formula vary depending on the volume and shape of the converter, so in order to obtain coefficients applicable to converters with different shapes, actual values of displacement amount and operations that become variables It is necessary to perform multiple regression analysis beforehand about the relationship with the factor, and to evaluate using the obtained multiple regression equation.
- a method of grinding and magnetic separation, a method of re-dissolution and specific gravity separation, or both of them were used from the discharged material including the slag and the intermediate discharge. It is desirable to separate the granular iron contained in the effluent by a method etc. and to determine the amount of slag.
- any one or more of primary blowdown slag basicity and slag discharge start angle and primary blowdown slag amount were used as explanatory variables for multiple regression analysis, but any other explanatory variable may be used Can.
- the intermediate discharge time (sec), the slag discharge end angle (°), the hot metal temperature, the hot metal blending ratio, the alumina input amount, the estimated value of the concentration in the slag (T. Fe), and the like can be suitably used.
- the primary blowdown slag amount is substantially set to W 1 (n) ⁇ 1000 / ⁇ W H (n) + W SC (n) ⁇ in relation to the primary blowdown slag amount.
- W 1 (n) (t / ch) may be used for the present invention.
- linear is used as the multiple regression equation in the above equations (1) to (3)
- the equation is not limited to linear and may be nonlinear.
- a non-linear example for example, as a parameter to be determined ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , the result of performing multiple regression analysis for a function form such as the following equation (6) can be used.
- various function forms such as when the equation including ⁇ is included in the denominator or exponent of the power of the model equation, or is included inside the exponent, logarithm, trigonometric function, etc. may be the object of nonlinear multiple regression. Needless to say.
- W S (n) W 1 (n) -W D (n) (7)
- secondary blowing auxiliary material 11 such as CaO and decarburizing furnace is added Adjust the secondary blowdown slag 12 to be produced to the target basicity (for example, basicity 2.0 or more), and dephosphorize or dephosphorize / decarburize while blowing in refining oxygen from the top blow lance 8 etc. Perform the second blow for the purpose.
- the second charge By adjusting the amount of the lime-based solvent flux W SL, 2 for adjusting the slag basicity to be introduced in the next blow smelting, it is possible to obtain the target secondary blow smelting basicity B C, 2 (n).
- the amount of secondary blow slag amount W 2 (n) at the n-th charge and the secondary blow slag basicity B C, 2 (n) Is calculated as in the following equations (8) and (9).
- W SL, 2 (n) When a plurality of materials are used as the lime-based solvent dissolver for adjusting the slag basicity, W SL, 2 (n) ⁇ X SL / 100, W SL, 2 (n) ⁇ C SL / 100, in the above formula. And, for each item of W SL, 2 (n) ⁇ S SL / 100, a value integrated for each of a plurality of materials may be used.
- W CaO, 2 (n) and W SiO 2, 2 (n) are the amounts of CaO and SiO 2 (in the case of Si, respectively) contained in the auxiliary materials other than the lime-based solvent for slag basicity adjustment introduced by secondary blow Is SiO 2 generated by combustion).
- the target B C, 2 (n) can be obtained by adjusting the amount of the lime-based solvent flux W SL, 2 (n) for slag basicity adjustment to be charged in the secondary blowing.
- the target B C, 1 (n) can be obtained by adjusting W CaO, 2 (n) and W SiO2,2 (n) without particularly adding a lime-based solvent for slag basicity adjustment. It can also be done.
- the fifth step of pouring hot metal or molten steel is carried out, and the secondary blow slag of the nth charge left in the furnace is carried over to the (n + 1) th charge, and again from the first step Repeat the operation in order.
- W SL, 2 (n) for adjusting the slag basicity and other auxiliary raw materials, etc.
- the secondary blasting slag basicity B C, 2 (n) to be secured varies depending on the target phosphorus concentration in the molten iron after treatment and the molten iron temperature after treatment, for example, for the purpose of desiliconization in the primary blowing. In the case where dephosphorization is intended as pre-treatment for decarburization blowing in secondary blowing, it is preferable to set the secondary blowing slag basicity B C, 2 (n) to be 2.1 or more.
- the primary blowdown slag basicity B C, 1 (n) to be secured varies depending on the target phosphorus concentration in molten iron after treatment and the molten iron temperature after treatment, for example, for the purpose of desiliconization in the primary blowdown.
- the primary blowdown slag basicity B C, 1 (n) is higher than 1.5, the post-treatment hot metal phosphorus concentration is low, but the amount of granular iron in the discharged primary blowout slag increases and the post-treatment Fe retention Will be reduced. Moreover, in order to make the hot metal phosphorus concentration low after the treatment stable, it is more preferable to set the primary blowout slag basicity B C, 1 (n) to 1.1 or more and 1.5 or less.
- Top and bottom blowing converter is used, scrap amount 46.2t and molten metal amount 283.8t (Si concentration of molten metal is 0.4% by mass) is charged, desiliconization processing is performed in the first blowing and middle discharging is performed, Dephosphorization treatment was carried out in the second blow, and the second blow slag was carried over to the next charge.
- this series of treatments was carried out continuously for 10 charges, but for the first charge, the treatment was started with no residual slag in the furnace in the primary blowing.
- the slag basicity adjustment in the primary blowing is carried out using a decarburizing furnace, and in the secondary blowing, the slag base is changed by changing the addition amount of lump lime which is a lime-based solvent for dephosphorization. Adjustment was carried out.
- Comparative Example 1 the actual discharge mass W M (n) at the time of middle discharge is measured using a slag discharge pan transfer carriage (not shown) equipped with a load cell, and the discharge amount W D (n) is estimated as an expression, using the following equation (10) using the measured emissions amount W M (n).
- W D (n) 0.85 ⁇ W M (n) (10)
- Haikasu amount W D (n) used the following equation (11) using only the primary blowing slag weight W 1 (n).
- the primary blowdown slag amount W 1 (n), the primary blowout slag basicity B C, 1 (n), the slag discharge start angle ⁇ (n (n), as the estimation formula of the discharge amount W D (n) The above equation (3) using.
- the decarburizing furnace crucible was used as the lime-based solvent solution for adjusting the slag basicity, and no auxiliary material other than the lime-based solvent solution for adjusting the slag basicity was used.
- the secondary blowing only lumped lime is used as a lime-based solvent for adjusting the slag basicity, and the calculated basicity of the secondary blowing slag calculated based on the estimated displacement amount is 2.40, which is the target value.
- the lumpy lime content ie, W SL, 2 (n) was adjusted to be
- no secondary raw materials other than the lime-based solvent filler for slag basicity adjustment were used in the secondary blowing.
- Tables 1 and 2 show Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2
- Tables 3 to 5 show the summary of operation specifications, estimation results, and actual values of additives in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention
- FIG. The transition of secondary blowdown slag basicity (measured value) is shown.
- the middle discharge is performed from a relatively small tilt angle in the processing of the fifth charge, it is expected that the amount of discharge will be large and the amount of residual primary blasting slag in the furnace will be small. Since no information is used, it is considered that the estimated displacement was estimated to be less than the actual displacement. As a result, the amount of lumped lime input in the secondary blowing is excessive relative to the amount of residual primary blasting slag in the furnace. Since the primary blowdown slag was not discharged until the furnace was greatly tilted in the subsequent sixth charge, the discharge amount is small and the residual amount of primary blowout slag in the furnace is expected to be large, but the estimated discharge amount Is considered to be underestimated than the actual displacement volume. As a result, the amount of lumped lime input in the secondary blowing is insufficient relative to the amount of residual primary blasting slag in the furnace.
- the displacement is estimated in consideration of the primary blow slag basicity. Since these are information known before middle discharge, the secondary blasting start waiting time was 0 minutes for the same reason as Comparative Example 2. Since the primary blowdown slag basicity greatly affects the fluidity of the slag at the time of middle drainage, in the case of the treatment with the change of the target basicity of the primary blowdown slag, the secondary blowdown slag basicity is accurately It is thought that it can be adjusted. The standard deviation ( ⁇ ) of the basicity actual values of all 10 charges is 0.059, and the secondary blowing slag basicity could be adjusted with higher accuracy than in the comparative example.
- the discharge amount is estimated in consideration of the discharge start angle.
- the discharge start angle is information that can be understood after starting the middle displacement
- the middle displacement time is longer than the preparation time of the dephosphorizing agent required for the second blowing, so the second blowing
- the start waiting time was 0 minutes.
- the parameter reflecting the fluctuation of the direct factor indicating the discharge situation is considered to influence the discharge amount more greatly than the primary blowdown slag basicity, and the standard deviation ( ⁇ ) of the basicity actual value of all 10 charges is It was 0.035 and was able to adjust the secondary blowing slag basicity more precisely.
- the discharge amount is estimated in consideration of all of the primary blow slag basic degree and the discharge start angle.
- the secondary blasting start waiting time was 0 minutes.
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Abstract
Description
[1]溶鉄の精錬方法であって、
溶鉄の精錬を転炉型容器を用いて行なう際に、予め、一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量を目的変数とし、一次吹錬スラグ塩基度およびスラグ排出開始角度のうちいずれか1つ以上、並びに一次吹錬スラグ量を含む情報を説明変数とする重回帰分析を行ない、
溶銑を前記転炉型容器内に装入して、脱珪のみ、または脱珪および脱燐を目的とする一次吹錬を行ない、
次いで、一次吹錬処理後のスラグの一部を前記転炉型容器外に排出させる中間排滓を行なった後に、前記重回帰分析の結果を用いて一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量および一次吹錬スラグの炉内残留量を算出し、
引き続き、前記転炉型容器内に残留させた一次吹錬後の溶銑およびスラグに対して石灰系媒溶材を添加して二次吹錬を行なうにあたり、前記一次吹錬スラグの炉内残留量および前記一次吹錬スラグの計算組成を用いて前記二次吹錬で添加する石灰系媒溶材量を算出し、二次吹錬の待ち時間なく二次吹錬スラグの塩基度制御の精度を上げる、溶鉄の精錬方法。
WD(n)= a1+b1×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-c1×BC,1(n) …(1)式
ここで、WD(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
BC,1(n): 一次吹錬スラグ塩基度(無次元数)
a1、b1、c1:定数
WD(n)= a2+b2×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-d2×θ(n) …(2)式
ここで、WD(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
θ(n): スラグ排出開始角度(°)
a2、b2、d2:定数
WD(n)= a3+b3×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-c3×BC,1(n)-d3×θ(n) …(3)式
ここで、WD (n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
BC,1(n): 一次吹錬スラグ塩基度(無次元数)
θ(n): スラグ排出開始角度(°)
a3、b3、c3、d3:定数
(i)一次吹錬スラグ量W1(n)および一次吹錬スラグ塩基度BC,1(n)から算出する場合
WD(n)= a1+b1×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-c1×BC,1(n) …(1)式
ここで、WD (n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
BC,1(n): 一次吹錬スラグ塩基度(無次元数)
また、定数であるa1、b1、c1は、後述するように重回帰分析により求め、それぞれ6.26、0.143、2.86とした。
(ii)一次吹錬スラグ量W1(n)およびスラグ排出開始角度θ(n)から算出する場合
WD(n)= a2+b2×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-d2×θ(n) …(2)式
ここで、WD (n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
θ(n): スラグ排出開始角度(°)
また、定数であるa2、b2、d2は、後述するように重回帰分析により求め、それぞれ9.19、0.1592、0.0885とした。
(iii)一次吹錬スラグ量W1(n)、一次吹錬スラグ塩基度BC,1(n)、およびスラグ排出開始角度θ(n)から算出する場合
WD(n)= a3+b3×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-c3×BC,1(n)-d3×θ(n) …(3)式
ここで、WD (n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
BC,1(n): 一次吹錬スラグ塩基度(無次元数)
θ(n): スラグ排出開始角度(°)
また、定数であるa3、b3、c3、d3は、後述するように重回帰分析により求め、それぞれ9.25、0.146、1.78、0.0650とした。
WD(n)= (α+β×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)})×exp(-γ×BC,1(n))・・・(6)式
排滓量WD(n)の推定から、第4工程の二次吹錬に持ち越される一次吹錬スラグ9の質量WS(n)(一次吹錬スラグ残留量と呼ぶ)も以下の(7)式で算出することができる。
WS(n)=W1(n)-WD(n) ・・・(7)式
nチャージ目の第4工程では、CaO、脱炭炉滓等の二次吹錬副原料11を添加し、生成する二次吹錬スラグ12を目標塩基度(例えば、塩基度2.0以上)になる様に調整し、上吹きランス8等から精錬用酸素を吹き込みながら脱燐または脱燐・脱炭を目的とした二次吹錬を行なう。二次吹錬においては、一次吹錬スラグ残留量WS(n)と一次吹錬スラグの計算組成(例えば塩基度BC,1(n)の値)を使用して、nチャージ目の二次吹錬で投入するスラグ塩基度調整用の石灰系媒溶材量WSL,2を調整することで、目標とする二次吹錬スラグ塩基度BC,2(n)を得ることができる。例えば後述する実施例のように脱炭炉滓で塩基度調整を行なう場合、nチャージ目の二次吹錬スラグ量W2(n)と二次吹錬スラグ塩基度BC,2(n)はそれぞれ以下の(8)式および(9)式のように算出される。
WD(n)= 0.85 × WM(n) ・・・(10)式
(10)式では、実測排出物質量WM(n)に対して、金属Feが調査した多数チャージでの平均で15質量%含まれていたことから、金属Fe分を除外した0.85を乗じている。比較例2では排滓量WD(n)の推定式として、一次吹錬スラグ量W1(n)のみを用いる以下の(11)式を用いた。
WD(n)= 3.76+0.126×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)} ・・・(11)式
本発明例1では排滓量WD(n)の推定式として、一次吹錬スラグ量W1(n)および一次吹錬スラグ塩基度BC,1(n)を用いる上述の(1)式を用いた。本発明例2では排滓量WD(n)の推定式として、一次吹錬スラグ量W1(n)およびスラグ排出開始角度θ(n)を用いる上述の(2)式を用いた。本発明例3では排滓量WD(n)の推定式として、一次吹錬スラグ量W1(n)および一次吹錬スラグ塩基度BC,1(n)、スラグ排出開始角度θ(n)を用いる上述の(3)式を用いた。各推定式に従って算出された排滓量WD(n)を用いて、二次吹錬スラグ塩基度BC,1(n)が目標値2.40となるように二次吹錬で投入する塊石灰量を調整した。
2 転炉(転炉型容器)
3 溶銑装入鍋
4 溶銑
5 (n-1)チャージ目の二次吹錬スラグ
6 一次吹錬副原料
7 一次吹錬スラグ
8 上吹きランス
9 二次吹錬に持ち越される一次吹錬スラグ
10 炉外に排出された一次吹錬スラグ
11 二次吹錬副原料
12 二次吹錬スラグ
Claims (4)
- 溶鉄の精錬方法であって、
溶鉄の精錬を転炉型容器を用いて行なう際に、予め、一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量を目的変数とし、一次吹錬スラグ塩基度およびスラグ排出開始角度のうちいずれか1つ以上、並びに一次吹錬スラグ量を含む情報を説明変数とする重回帰分析を行ない、
溶銑を前記転炉型容器内に装入して、脱珪のみ、または脱珪および脱燐を目的とする一次吹錬を行ない、
次いで、一次吹錬処理後のスラグの一部を前記転炉型容器外に排出させる中間排滓を行なった後に、前記重回帰分析の結果を用いて一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量および一次吹錬スラグの炉内残留量を算出し、
引き続き、前記転炉型容器内に残留させた一次吹錬後の溶銑およびスラグに対して石灰系媒溶材を添加して二次吹錬を行なうにあたり、前記一次吹錬スラグの炉内残留量および前記一次吹錬スラグの計算組成を用いて前記二次吹錬で添加する石灰系媒溶材量を算出し、二次吹錬の待ち時間なく二次吹錬スラグの塩基度制御の精度を上げる、溶鉄の精錬方法。 - 下記(1)式を用いて、前記一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量を算出する、請求項1に記載の溶鉄の精錬方法。
WD(n)= a1+b1×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-c1×BC,1(n) …(1)式
ここで、WD(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
BC,1(n): 一次吹錬スラグ塩基度(無次元数)
a1、b1、c1:定数 - 下記(2)式を用いて、前記一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量を算出する、請求項1に記載の溶鉄の精錬方法。
WD(n)= a2+b2×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-d2×θ(n) …(2)式
ここで、WD(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
θ(n): スラグ排出開始角度(°)
a2、b2、d2:定数 - 下記(3)式を用いて、前記一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量を算出する、請求項1に記載の溶鉄の精錬方法。
WD(n)= a3+b3×W1(n)×1000/{WH(n)+WSC(n)}-c3×BC,1(n)-d3×θ(n) …(3)式
ここで、WD (n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグの中間排滓量(t/ch)
W1(n): nチャージ目の一次吹錬スラグ量(t/ch)
WH(n): nチャージ目の溶銑装入量(t/ch)
WSC(n): nチャージ目のスクラップ装入量(t/ch)
BC,1(n): 一次吹錬スラグ塩基度(無次元数)
θ(n): スラグ排出開始角度(°)
a3、b3、c3、d3:定数
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