WO2019062768A1 - 织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法 - Google Patents

织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062768A1
WO2019062768A1 PCT/CN2018/107669 CN2018107669W WO2019062768A1 WO 2019062768 A1 WO2019062768 A1 WO 2019062768A1 CN 2018107669 W CN2018107669 W CN 2018107669W WO 2019062768 A1 WO2019062768 A1 WO 2019062768A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode wire
wire
textured
treatment
preparing
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PCT/CN2018/107669
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑芳
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宁波康强微电子技术有限公司
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Priority to PL18860075.3T priority Critical patent/PL3587015T3/pl
Priority to US16/496,813 priority patent/US11766728B2/en
Priority to EP18860075.3A priority patent/EP3587015B1/en
Priority to JP2020502759A priority patent/JP6908773B2/ja
Priority to ES18860075T priority patent/ES2957312T3/es
Priority to KR1020197028591A priority patent/KR102326967B1/ko
Publication of WO2019062768A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062768A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/22—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
    • B23H7/08—Wire electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • B23H1/06—Electrode material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/22—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • B23H7/24—Electrode material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/024—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0607—Wires

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment, in particular to a method for preparing a wire with a textured coating structure with high cutting speed, low cutting cost and low environmental pollution.
  • WEDM-LS is a WEDM technology that uses a continuously moving fine wire (called a wire, such as a copper-zinc alloy wire or a galvanized wire) as an electrode to cut the workpiece.
  • a wire such as a copper-zinc alloy wire or a galvanized wire
  • a cutting and forming method for etching a metal by pulse spark discharge At present, WEDM-LS is also widely used in the manufacture of molds, forming tools, precision small parts and special materials. Therefore, the demand for flexible electrode wires as consumables is also increasing, and it is a key factor affecting the surface finish and cutting efficiency of the cut workpiece.
  • the electrode wire material has also undergone several stages of progress: First, ordinary copper wire, that is, directly drawn copper wire is used as the wire.
  • the coated electrode wire has been widely used, and the wire has been prepared by electroplating/hot dip plating on the surface of the ordinary copper wire, which has a lubricating effect and thereby increases the cutting rate; in recent years, the coated electrode wire has been improved, such as Porous electrode wires have been widely used due to their high cutting speed. Therefore, the optimization of the surface microstructure of the coating and the manufacturing cost have become an important direction for the development of such wires.
  • Patent ZL201610260886.2 and patent ZL201310562102.8 indicate that by forming a longitudinal crack on the surface of the electrode wire coating, the discharge performance of the wire electrode can be improved and the cutting speed can be improved.
  • Patent ZL201510868517.7 states that the fish scale structure microstructure can greatly increase the cutting rate of the galvanized electrode wire, thereby reducing the cost. Therefore, the research on the surface crack distribution and orientation of the coating has become an important direction for the development of new electrode wire materials.
  • the presence of surface microstructure can also improve the lubricity of the wire and water, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and reducing the number of times of cutting and breaking.
  • the Applicant believes that it is necessary to propose a new method for preparing the electrode wire of the textured coating structure, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the wire electrode, reducing the cutting cost, and reducing environmental pollution.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a transversely textured coated electrode wire with high cutting speed, low cutting cost and low environmental pollution in order to solve the above deficiencies of the prior art.
  • a method for preparing a textured coated electrode wire designed by the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step (1) preparing a metal zinc plating layer on the surface of the copper-zinc alloy electrode wire by electroplating/hot dip plating;
  • Step (2) pre-drawing the galvanized electrode wire blank by cold drawing
  • Step (3) forming a coated electrode wire of a Zn/ ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu/ ⁇ -Cu multilayer structure by a discontinuous heat treatment technique
  • Step (4) using a cold drawing technique to prepare a micro-textured electrode wire, and obtaining a plated electrode wire material having a regular texture by controlling an electroplating/hot dip plating process, a discontinuous heat treatment technique, and a cold drawing technique, wherein obtained
  • the surface of the coated electrode wire has a regular strip crack.
  • the step (1) comprises selecting a copper-zinc alloy (such as Cu/Zn: 60/40, 63/37, 65/35, etc.) having a diameter of 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm as a core material, after degreasing and degreasing, and cleaning after treatment. Thereafter, a metal plating layer is deposited on the surface of the copper-zinc alloy wire by electroplating/hot dip plating technology, and the plated electrode wire material of different plating thickness is obtained by adjusting the preparation process.
  • a copper-zinc alloy such as Cu/Zn: 60/40, 63/37, 65/35, etc.
  • the step (2) comprises selecting the plated electrode wire treated by the step (1) as a starting material, and performing a pre-drawing process by a cold drawing technique to obtain a wire wire blank having a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the step (3) comprises selecting the coated electrode wire processed by the step (2) as a starting material, placing it in a vacuum/inert heating furnace, and diffusing the electrode wire by a two-stage or multi-stage temperature gradient, by adjusting the processing temperature and the processing time.
  • the parameters form an electrode wire blank having a Zn/ ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu/ ⁇ -Cu multilayer structure.
  • the step (4) comprises selecting the multi-layer structure wire blank processed by the step (3) as a starting material, performing drawing processing at a certain speed, and adjusting the drawing pass, the drawing diameter ratio, and the drawing speed parameter.
  • Electrode wire blanks of different elongation ratios of Zn/ ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu/ ⁇ -Cu multilayer structure form a plated electrode wire material having a textured structure with a diameter of 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the step (1) comprises selecting a copper-zinc alloy as a core material, and after removing and rusting and cleaning, using a plating/hot dip plating technique to prepare a galvanized layer on the surface of the copper alloy wire, by adjusting the plating current.
  • the voltage and time/dip plating process obtains a wire blank having a zinc layer thickness of 2 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the step (2) comprises selecting the galvanized electrode wire blank processed by the step (1) as a starting material, and preparing a wire having a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm by controlling the drawing pass, the diameter ratio before and after drawing, and the drawing speed parameter. Blanks.
  • the step (3) comprises selecting a vacuum/inert atmosphere furnace to perform a non-continuous thermal diffusion treatment on the pre-drawn electrode wire blank processed by the step (2), wherein the treatment process is a two-stage or multi-stage thermal diffusion treatment method, specifically in the heat In the diffusion process, a bell-type vacuum heat treatment furnace is used, and the treatment process is 150 ° C to 200 ° C and 300 ° C to 400 ° C two-stage temperature, 80-500 minutes treatment time for thermal diffusion treatment.
  • the step (3) comprises selecting a bell-type vacuum heat treatment furnace in the thermal diffusion treatment process, the treatment process is 150 ° C to 200 ° C and 300 ° C to 400 ° C two-stage temperature, 80-500 minutes treatment time for thermal diffusion treatment.
  • the wire material obtained in the step (3) is a multilayer structure such as Zn/ ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu/ ⁇ -Cu, wherein the thickness and composition of the ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu intermediate layer are closely related to the treatment temperature and time. At the same time, different layers have different characteristics such as organization, structure and elongation.
  • the step (4) comprises selecting the multilayer structure wire material processed by the step (3), and drawing the wire material to 0.15 mm at a drawing speed of 600 m/min to 1500 m/min and 5 times of stretching treatment.
  • a 0.5 mm micro-textured electrode wire was then subjected to stress relief annealing at a voltage of 20 to 50 V and a current of 5 to 30 A to obtain a wire having a textured coating.
  • the galvanized electrode wire obtained by the above-described method for preparing a textured electrode wire has a regular transverse texture and microcracks on the surface.
  • the presence of the structure improves the contact between the electrode wire and the coolant, improves the cooling efficiency, and further achieves high speed cutting.
  • the existence of the textured structure and the improvement of the cooling efficiency reduce the problem of zinc powder falling, improve the wire breakage problem of the wire during the cutting process, and prolong the service life of the cooling water filter device.
  • the cross-sectional structure of the textured coated electrode wire is a copper-zinc alloy core material and a regular transversely textured galvanized layer structure.
  • the textured galvanized electrode wire has a tensile strength of 900 MPa to 1200 MPa and an elongation of 1% to 5%.
  • the contact angle of the textured coating electrode wire with water is about 120°, which is significantly higher than that of the galvanized wire, thereby increasing the cooling effect of water.
  • the number of times of cutting the wire of the textured coating electrode is 30% lower than that of the galvanized wire, and the replacement time of the cooling water ion resin filter is extended by 10%.
  • the electrode wire coating provided by the invention has a regular transverse texture, which gives the wire material a better cooling effect and a higher cutting rate, and significantly improves the performance of the wire, such as a cutting speed compared to galvanizing.
  • the wire increase can be increased by more than 12%, the number of cutting breaks is reduced by 30%, and the cooling water ion resin filter replacement time is extended by 10%.
  • the tensile strength, the elongation and the surface roughness of the cut sample can be achieved by the electrode wire having the regular transverse texture coating of the present invention
  • the textured coated electrode wire provided by the invention has the advantages of low production cost, simple process and easy industrial application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a preparation process of a textured plating electrode wire in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the microstructure and composition of a wire material having a multilayer structure of Example 1;
  • Figure 3 is a topographical view of a first embodiment having a transversely textured coated electrode wire
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing the comparison of the cutting speeds of different electrode wires of Example 1.
  • the method for preparing the textured coated electrode wire provided in this embodiment is performed according to the following steps:
  • Step (1) preparing a zinc plating layer on the surface of the copper-zinc alloy core material: firstly, the cleaned zinc alloy core material (Cu/Zn: 60/40) is subjected to electroplating/hot dip plating treatment, and the thickness is obtained by adjusting the galvanizing process. 5 ⁇ m zinc plating;
  • Step (2) pre-drawing treatment: selecting the above-mentioned plating electrode wire as a starting material, and performing pre-drawing treatment by cold drawing technology to obtain a wire wire blank having a diameter of 0.5 mm;
  • Step (3) diffusion heat treatment: the electrode wire blank processed by the step (2) is subjected to diffusion heat treatment by a discontinuous heat treatment method, and the selection process is 150 ° C to 200 ° C and 300 ° C to 400 ° C two-stage temperature, 250 minutes.
  • the treatment time is subjected to thermal diffusion treatment.
  • the zinc plating layer and the copper-zinc alloy core material undergo an interdiffusion reaction to form an electrode wire blank having a Zn/ ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu/ ⁇ -Cu multilayer structure;
  • Step (4) cold drawing treatment: selecting the filament material of the multi-layer structure of the diffusion heat treatment treated by the step (3), and drawing the above-mentioned silk material into a micro-texture of 0.3 mm at a drawing speed of 1000 m/min.
  • the wire was then subjected to stress relief annealing at a voltage of 30 V and a current of 10 A to obtain a textured electrode wire.
  • the textured electroplated electrode wire obtained by the method for preparing the textured electroplated electrode wire provided in the embodiment has a regular transverse crack and a certain microporosity.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view and a microscopic top view of a wire material having a multi-layer structure in the present embodiment, and it can be seen that the wire material blank has a three-layer structure;
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal texture plating electrode in the embodiment. The surface topography of the wire shows that the electrode wire has a regular transverse crack;
  • FIG. 4 is a comparison chart of the cutting speed of different electrode wires, and it can be seen that the cutting speed of the electrode wire in this embodiment is 12.35% faster than that of the brass wire. There is obviously an advantage.
  • the electrode wire coating provided by the embodiment has a regular transverse texture, which gives the wire material a better cooling effect and a higher cutting rate, and significantly improves the performance of the wire, such as a cutting speed compared to galvanizing.
  • the wire increase can be increased by more than 12%, the number of cutting breaks is reduced by 30%, and the cooling water ion resin filter replacement time is extended by 10%.
  • the cross-sectional structure of the textured coated electrode wire is a copper-zinc alloy core material and a regular transversely textured galvanized layer structure.
  • the textured galvanized electrode wire has a tensile strength of 900 MPa to 1200 MPa and an elongation of 1% to 5%.
  • the contact angle of the textured coating electrode wire with water is about 120°, which is significantly improved compared with the galvanized wire, thereby increasing the cooling effect of water.
  • the number of times of cutting the wire of the textured coating electrode is 30% lower than that of the galvanized wire, and the replacement time of the cooling water ion resin filter is extended by 10%.
  • Step (1) preparing a zinc plating layer on the surface of the copper-zinc alloy core material: firstly, the cleaned zinc alloy core material (Cu/Zn: 60/40) is subjected to electroplating/hot dip plating treatment, and the thickness is obtained by adjusting the galvanizing process. Is a 10 ⁇ m zinc coating;
  • Step (2) pre-drawing treatment: selecting the above-mentioned plated electrode wire as a starting material, and performing pre-drawing treatment by cold drawing technology to obtain a wire wire blank having a diameter of 0.8 mm;
  • Step (3) diffusion heat treatment: the electrode wire blank processed by the step (2) is subjected to a diffusion heat treatment by a discontinuous heat treatment method, and the selection process is 150 ° C to 200 ° C and 300 ° C to 400 ° C two-stage temperature, 300 minutes.
  • the treatment time is subjected to thermal diffusion treatment.
  • the zinc plating layer and the copper-zinc alloy core material undergo an interdiffusion reaction to form an electrode wire blank having a Zn/ ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu/ ⁇ -Cu multilayer structure;
  • Step (4) drawing treatment: selecting the filament material of the multi-layer structure of the diffusion heat treatment treated by the step (3), and drawing the wire material into a micro-texture electrode of 0.3 mm at a drawing speed of 1000 m/min.
  • the wire was then subjected to a stress relief annealing treatment at a voltage of 30 V and a current of 10 A to obtain a textured coating electrode wire.
  • the textured electroplated electrode wire obtained by the method for preparing the textured electroplated electrode wire provided in the embodiment has a regular transverse crack and a certain microporosity.
  • Step (1) preparing a zinc plating layer on the surface of the copper-zinc alloy core material: firstly, the cleaned zinc alloy core material (Cu/Zn: 63/37) is subjected to electroplating/hot dip plating treatment, and the thickness is obtained by adjusting the galvanizing process. 5 ⁇ m zinc plating;
  • Step (2) pre-drawing treatment: selecting the above-mentioned plating electrode wire as a starting material, and performing pre-drawing treatment by cold drawing technology to obtain a wire wire blank having a diameter of 0.5 mm;
  • Step (3) diffusion heat treatment: the electrode wire blank processed by the step (2) is subjected to diffusion heat treatment by a discontinuous heat treatment method, and the selection process is 150 ° C to 200 ° C and 300 ° C to 400 ° C two-stage temperature, 400 minutes.
  • the treatment time is subjected to thermal diffusion treatment.
  • the zinc plating layer and the copper-zinc alloy core material undergo an interdiffusion reaction to form an electrode wire blank having a Zn/ ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu/ ⁇ -Cu multilayer structure;
  • Step (4) drawing treatment: selecting the filament material of the multi-layer structure of the diffusion heat treatment treated by the step (3), and drawing the above-mentioned wire material into a micro-textured electrode of 0.15 mm at a drawing speed of 1000 m/min.
  • the wire was then subjected to stress relief annealing at a voltage of 50 V and a current of 30 A to obtain a textured plated electrode wire.
  • the textured electroplated electrode wire obtained by the method for preparing the textured electroplated electrode wire provided in the embodiment has a regular transverse crack and a certain microporosity.
  • Step (1) preparing a zinc plating layer on the surface of the copper-zinc alloy core material: firstly, the cleaned zinc alloy core material (Cu/Zn: 65/35) is subjected to electroplating/hot dip plating treatment, and the thickness is obtained by adjusting the galvanizing process. 8 ⁇ m zinc plating;
  • Step (2) pre-drawing treatment: selecting the above-mentioned plating electrode wire as a starting material, and performing pre-drawing treatment by cold drawing technology to obtain a wire wire blank having a diameter of 0.5 mm;
  • Step (3) diffusion heat treatment: the electrode wire blank processed by the step (2) is subjected to diffusion heat treatment by a discontinuous heat treatment method, and the selection process is 150 ° C to 200 ° C and 300 ° C to 400 ° C two-stage temperature, 500 minutes.
  • the treatment time is subjected to thermal diffusion treatment.
  • the zinc plating layer and the copper-zinc alloy core material undergo an interdiffusion reaction to form an electrode wire blank having a Zn/ ⁇ -Cu ⁇ -Cu/ ⁇ -Cu multilayer structure;
  • Step (4) drawing treatment: selecting the filament material of the multi-layer structure of the diffusion heat treatment treated by the step (3), and drawing the above-mentioned wire material into a micro-texture electrode of 0.2 mm at a drawing speed of 1000 m/min.
  • the wire was then subjected to stress relief annealing at a voltage of 20 V and a current of 5 A to obtain a textured coating electrode wire.
  • the textured electroplated electrode wire obtained by the method for preparing the textured electroplated electrode wire provided in the embodiment has a regular transverse crack and a certain microporosity.

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Abstract

一种织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，包括选择铜锌合金为芯材，首先利用电镀/热浸镀技术在丝材表面制备一层金属锌镀层，随后利用不连续扩散退火技术对镀层电极丝进行预处理，从而得到具有Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的镀层电极丝材料，而后利用多次冷拉拔处理及去应力退火处理对电极丝进行改性，最终获得织构化的镀层电极丝材料。相比铜合金电极丝、镀锌电极丝，该材料具有高切割速度、低切割成本、低环境污染等优势，其中切割速度相比铜合金电极丝可提高12％以上，切割断线次数降低30％，冷却水离子树脂过滤器更换时间延长10％。

Description

织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种材料表面处理技术领域，尤其涉及到一种具有高切割速度、低切割成本、低环境污染的具有织构化镀层结构的电极丝的制备方法。
背景技术
慢走丝线切割(WEDM-LS)是一种电火花线切割技术，该技术利用连续移动的细金属丝(称为电极丝，如铜锌合金丝、镀锌丝)作电极，对切割工件进行脉冲火花放电而蚀除金属的切割成型方法。目前，慢走丝线切割(WEDM-LS)在模具制造，成形刀具、精密细小零件和特殊材料的加工中也得到日益广泛的应用。因此，作为消耗品的柔性电极丝的需求同样日益增加，并成为影响切割工件表面光洁度、切割效率的一个关键因素。随着慢走丝线切割技术的发展，电极丝材料同样经历了几个进展阶段：首先，普通铜线，即直接采用拉拔铜丝材作为电极丝使用。一般而言，合金中的锌含量越高的话放电性能也越好，但当锌含量超出40wt.％时线材的延展性开始变差，从而增加了电极丝的制造成本。随后，镀层电极丝获得了广泛应用，该线材在普通铜线表面通过电镀/热浸镀制备了镀锌层，该镀层起到了润滑作用，进而提高切割速率；近年来，改进镀层电极丝，如多孔状电极丝因具有高切割速度而获得广泛应用，因此镀层表面微结构优化及制造成本成为该类线材发展的一个重要方向。
专利ZL201610260886.2和专利ZL201310562102.8中指出，通过在电极丝镀层表面形成纵向裂纹，可以提高电极丝的放电性能稳定、切割速度。专利ZL201510868517.7中指出，鱼鳞结构微结构可大幅度提高镀锌电极丝的切割速率，从而降低成本。因此，镀层表面裂纹分布及取向研究成为新型电极丝材料开发的一个重要方向。此外，表面微结构存在还可改善电极丝与水的润滑性，从而提高冷却效率，降低切割断线次数。
因此，申请人认为有必要提出一种新型的织构化镀层结构的电极丝的制备方法，从而提高电极丝加工效率、降低切割成本、减少环境污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述现有技术的不足而提供一种高切割速度、低切割成本、低环境污染优势的横向织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明所设计的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)，利用电镀/热浸镀在铜锌合金电极丝表面制备金属锌镀层；
步骤(2)，利用冷拉拔技术对镀锌电极丝坯料进行预拉拔处理；
步骤(3)，利用非连续热处理技术形成Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的镀层电极丝；
步骤(4)，利用冷拉拔技术制备微织构电极丝，通过调控电镀/热浸镀工艺、非连续热处理技术与冷拉拔技术，获得具有规则织构的镀层电极丝材料，其中所获得的镀层电极丝表面具有规则的条状裂纹。
进一步的，步骤(1)包括选择直径1.0mm-1.5mm铜锌合金(如Cu/Zn：60/40、63/37、65/35等)为芯材，经过除油除锈、清洗后处理后，利用电镀/热浸镀技术在铜锌合金丝材表面沉积金属镀层，通过调整制备工艺获得不同镀层厚度的镀层电极丝材料。
步骤(2)包括选择经步骤(1)处理的镀层电极丝为初始材料，利用冷拉拔技术进行预拉拔处理，获得直径0.5mm-1.0mm电极丝坯料。
步骤(3)包括选择经步骤(2)处理的镀层电极丝为初始材料，放入真空/惰性加热炉，以两段或多段式温度梯度对电极丝进行扩散处理，通过调节处理温度、处理时间参数形成具有Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的电极丝坯料。
步骤(4)包括选择经步骤(3)处理的多层结构电极丝坯料为初始材料，以一定的速度进行拉拔处理，通过调节拉拔道次、拉拔直径比、拉拔速度参数，使不同延伸率的Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的电极丝坯料形成直径为0.15mm-0.5mm且具有织构化结构的镀层电极丝材料。
作为较佳实施方案，步骤(1)包括选择铜锌合金为芯材，经过除油除锈、清洗后，利用电镀/热浸镀技术在铜合金丝材表面制备镀锌层，通过调整电镀电流、电压及时间/浸镀工艺获得锌层厚度为2μm～20μm的丝材坯料。
步骤(2)包括选择经步骤(1)处理的镀锌电极丝坯料为初始材料，通过控制拉拔道次、拉拔前后直径比、拉拔速度参数制备直径为0.5mm～1.0mm的电极丝坯料。
步骤(3)包括选择真空/惰性气氛炉对经步骤(2)处理的预拉拔电极丝坯料进行非连续热扩散处理，其中处理工艺为两段或多段式热扩散处理方式，具体是在热扩散过程中选用钟罩式真空热处理炉，处理工艺为150℃～200℃和300℃～400℃两段式温度、80-500分钟处理时间进行热扩散处理。
步骤(3)包括在热扩散处理过程中选用钟罩式真空热处理炉，处理工艺为150℃～200℃和300℃～400℃两段式温度、80-500分钟处理时间进行热扩散处理。
步骤(3)所获得的丝材坯料为Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu等多层结构，其中β-Cuγ-Cu中间层的厚度、组分等与处理温度、时间等密切相关，同时不同层之间具有不同的组织、结构及延伸率等特性。
步骤(4)包括选择经步骤(3)处理的多层结构丝材坯料，以600m/min～1500m/min的拉制速度、5道次的拉伸处理将上述丝材拉制为0.15mm～0.5mm的微织构电极丝，随后以电压为20～50V、电流为5～30A进行去应力退火处理，获得具有织构化镀层的电极丝。
通过上述织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法所得到的的镀锌电极丝，其具有规则的横向织构，且表面存在微裂纹。该结构的存在改善了电极丝与冷却液的接触，提高了冷却效率，进而实现高速切割。同时，织构化结构的存在及冷却效率的提升减少了锌粉掉落问题，改善了电极丝在切割过程中的断线问题，并延长了冷却水过滤装置的使用寿命。
进一步的，所述织构化镀层电极丝的截面结构为铜锌合金芯材和规则横向织构化镀锌层结构。
进一步的，所述织构化镀锌电极丝的抗拉强度为900MPa～1200MPa，延伸率为1％～5％。
进一步的，所述织构化镀层电极丝与水的接触角约为120°，较镀锌丝有明显提高，从而增加水的冷却效果。
进一步的，所述织构化镀层电极丝较镀锌线的切割断线次数降低30％，冷却水离子树脂过滤器更换时间延长10％。
本发明得到的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点：
(1)本发明提供的电极丝镀层具有规则的横向织构，该结构赋予电极丝材料更好的冷却效果、更高的切割速率，显著提升了电极丝的使用性能，如切割速度较镀锌丝提高可提高12％以上，切割断线次数降低30％，冷却水离子树脂过滤器更换时间延长10％。
(2)尤其优选的，通过对本发明具有规则的横向织构镀层的电极丝可达到与镀锌丝相当的抗拉强度、延伸率及切割样品的表面粗糙度；
(3)本发明提供的织构化镀层电极丝具有生产成本低、工艺简单、易于工业化应用优势。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中织构化镀层电极丝的制备过程示意图；
图2是实施例1具有多层结构丝材坯料的微观结构及成分图；
图3是实施例1具有横向织构镀层电极丝的表面形貌图；
图4是实施例1不同电极丝切割速度对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1：
如图1-图4所示，本实施例提供的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法按照以 下步骤进行：
步骤(1)，铜锌合金芯材表面制备锌镀层：首先将经过清洗后的锌合金芯材(Cu/Zn：60/40)进行电镀/热浸镀处理，并通过调整镀锌工艺获得厚度为5μm锌镀层；
步骤(2)，预拉拔处理：选择上述镀层电极丝为初始材料，利用冷拉拔技术进行预拉拔处理，获得直径0.5mm电极丝坯料；
步骤(3)，扩散热处理：对经步骤(2)处理的电极丝坯料利用非连续热处理方式进行扩散热处理，选择处理工艺为150℃～200℃和300℃～400℃两段式温度、250分钟处理时间进行热扩散处理。经过热扩散后，锌镀层与铜锌合金芯材发生互扩散反应，形成具有Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的电极丝坯料；
步骤(4)，冷拉拔处理：选择经步骤(3)处理的扩散热处理的多层结构的丝材坯料，以1000m/min的拉制速度将上述丝材拉制成0.3mm的微织构电极丝，随后以电压为30V、电流为10A进行去应力退火处理，获得织构化镀层电极丝。
通过本实施例提供的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法所得到的织构化镀层电极丝，其具有规则的横向裂纹，且存在一定的微孔隙。
数据分析：图2是本实施例中具有多层结构丝材坯料的结构示意图及微观形貌图，可以看出丝材坯料为三层结构；图3是本实施例中具有横向织构镀层电极丝的表面形貌图，可看出电极丝具有规则的横向裂纹；图4是不同电极丝切割速度对比图，可以看出本实施例中的电极丝的切割速度比黄铜丝快了12.35％，明显有优势。
同时，本实施例提供的电极丝镀层具有规则的横向织构，该结构赋予电极丝材料更好的冷却效果、更高的切割速率，显著提升了电极丝的使用性能，如切割速度较镀锌丝提高可提高12％以上，切割断线次数降低30％，冷却水离子树脂过滤器更换时间延长10％。
所述织构化镀层电极丝的截面结构为铜锌合金芯材和规则横向织构化镀锌层结构。所述织构化镀锌电极丝的抗拉强度为900MPa～1200MPa，延伸率为1％～5％。所述织构化镀层电极丝与水的接触角约为120°，较镀锌丝有明显提高，从而增加水的冷却效果。所述织构化镀层电极丝较镀锌线的切割断线次数降低30％，冷却水离子树脂过滤器更换时间延长10％。
实施例2：
本实施例提供的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法按照以下步骤进行：
步骤(1)，铜锌合金芯材表面制备锌镀层：首先将经过清洗后的锌合金芯材(Cu/Zn：60/40)进行电镀/热浸镀处理，并通过调整镀锌工艺获得厚度为10μm锌镀层；
步骤(2)，预拉拔处理：选择上述镀层电极丝为初始材料，利用冷拉拔技术进行预拉拔处理，获得直径0.8mm电极丝坯料；
步骤(3)，扩散热处理：对经步骤(2)处理的电极丝坯料利用非连续热处理方式进行扩散热处理，选择处理工艺为150℃～200℃和300℃～400℃两段式温度、300分钟处理时间进行热扩散处理。经过热扩散后，锌镀层与铜锌合金芯材发生互扩散反应，形成具有Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的电极丝坯料；
步骤(4)，拉拔处理：选择经步骤(3)处理的扩散热处理的多层结构的丝材坯料，以1000m/min的拉制速度将上述丝材拉制成0.3mm的微织构电极丝，随后以电压为30V、电流为10A进行去应力退火处理，获得织构化镀层电极丝。
通过本实施例提供的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法所得到的织构化镀层电极丝，其具有规则的横向裂纹，且存在一定的微孔隙。
经测试，本实施例中的电极丝的切割速度比黄铜丝快了12.17％，明显有优势。
实施例3：
本实施例提供的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法按照以下步骤进行：
步骤(1)，铜锌合金芯材表面制备锌镀层：首先将经过清洗后的锌合金芯材(Cu/Zn：63/37)进行电镀/热浸镀处理，并通过调整镀锌工艺获得厚度为5μm锌镀层；
步骤(2)，预拉拔处理：选择上述镀层电极丝为初始材料，利用冷拉拔技术进行预拉拔处理，获得直径0.5mm电极丝坯料；
步骤(3)，扩散热处理：对经步骤(2)处理的电极丝坯料利用非连续热处理方式进行扩散热处理，选择处理工艺为150℃～200℃和300℃～400℃两段式温度、400分钟处理时间进行热扩散处理。经过热扩散后，锌镀层与铜锌合金芯材发生互扩散反应，形成具有Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的电极丝坯料；
步骤(4)，拉拔处理：选择经步骤(3)处理的扩散热处理的多层结构的丝材坯料，以1000m/min的拉制速度将上述丝材拉制成0.15mm的微织构电极丝，随后以电压为50V、电流为30A进行去应力退火处理，获得织构化镀层电极丝。
通过本实施例提供的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法所得到的织构化镀层电极丝，其具有规则的横向裂纹，且存在一定的微孔隙。
经测试，本实施例中的电极丝的切割速度比黄铜丝快了12.85％，明显有优势。
实施例4：
本实施例提供的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法按照以下步骤进行：
步骤(1)，铜锌合金芯材表面制备锌镀层：首先将经过清洗后的锌合金芯材(Cu/Zn：65/35)进行电镀/热浸镀处理，并通过调整镀锌工艺获得厚度为8μm锌镀层；
步骤(2)，预拉拔处理：选择上述镀层电极丝为初始材料，利用冷拉拔技术进行预拉拔处理，获得直径0.5mm电极丝坯料；
步骤(3)，扩散热处理：对经步骤(2)处理的电极丝坯料利用非连续热处理方式进行扩散热处理，选择处理工艺为150℃～200℃和300℃～400℃两段式温度、500分钟处理时间进行热扩散处理。经过热扩散后，锌镀层与铜锌合金芯材发生互扩散反应，形成具有Zn/β-Cuγ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的电极丝坯料；
步骤(4)，拉拔处理：选择经步骤(3)处理的扩散热处理的多层结构的丝材坯料，以1000m/min的拉制速度将上述丝材拉制成0.2mm的微织构电极丝，随后以电压为20V、电流为5A进行去应力退火处理，获得织构化镀层电极丝。
通过本实施例提供的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法所得到的织构化镀层电极丝，其具有规则的横向裂纹，且存在一定的微孔隙。
经测试，本实施例中的电极丝的切割速度比黄铜丝快了12.58％，明显有优势。
应当理解，上述实施例仅为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤(1)，利用电镀/热浸镀在铜锌合金电极丝表面制备金属锌镀层；
    步骤(2)，利用冷拉拔技术对镀锌电极丝坯料进行预拉拔处理；
    步骤(3)，利用非连续热处理技术形成Zn/β-Cu γ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的镀层电极丝；
    步骤(4)，利用冷拉拔技术制备微织构电极丝，通过调控电镀/热浸镀工艺、非连续热处理技术与冷拉拔技术，获得具有规则织构的镀层电极丝材料，其中所获得的镀层电极丝表面具有规则的条状裂纹。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)包括选择直径1.0mm-1.5mm铜锌合金为芯材，经过除油除锈、清洗后处理后，利用电镀/热浸镀技术在铜锌合金丝材表面沉积金属镀层，通过调整制备工艺获得不同镀层厚度的镀层电极丝材料。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)包括选择经步骤(1)处理的镀层电极丝为初始材料，利用冷拉拔技术进行预拉拔处理，获得直径0.5mm-1.0mm电极丝坯料。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)包括选择经步骤(2)处理的镀层电极丝为初始材料，放入真空/惰性加热炉，以两段或多段式温度梯度对电极丝进行扩散处理，通过调节处理温度、处理时间参数形成具有Zn/β-Cu γ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的电极丝坯料。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(4)包括选择经步骤(3)处理的多层结构电极丝坯料为初始材料，以一定的速度进行拉拔处理，通过调节拉拔道次、拉拔直径比、拉拔速度参数，使不同延伸率的Zn/β-Cu γ-Cu/α-Cu多层结构的电极丝坯料形成直径为0.15mm-0.5mm且具有织构化结构的镀层电极丝材料。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)包括选择铜锌合金为芯材，经过除油除锈、清洗后，利用电镀/热浸镀技术在铜合金丝材表面制备镀锌层，通过调整电镀电流、电压及时间/浸镀工艺获得锌层厚度为2μm～20μm的丝材坯料。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)包括选择经步骤(1)处理的镀锌电极丝坯料为初始材料，通过控制拉拔道次、拉拔前后直径比、拉拔速度参数制备直径为0.5mm～1.0mm的电极丝坯料。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)包括选择真空/惰性气氛炉对经步骤(2)处理的预拉拔电极丝坯 料进行非连续热扩散处理，其中处理工艺为两段或多段式热扩散处理方式，具体是在热扩散过程中选用钟罩式真空热处理炉，处理工艺为150℃～200℃和300℃～400℃两段式温度、80-500分钟处理时间进行热扩散处理。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)包括在热扩散处理过程中选用钟罩式真空热处理炉，处理工艺为150℃～200℃和300℃～400℃两段式温度、80-500分钟处理时间进行热扩散处理。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的织构化镀层电极丝的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(4)包括选择经步骤(3)处理的多层结构丝材坯料，以600m/min～1500m/min的拉制速度、5道次的拉伸处理将上述丝材拉制为0.15mm～0.5mm的微织构电极丝，随后以电压为20～50V、电流为5～30A进行去应力退火处理，获得具有织构化镀层的电极丝。
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