WO2019029407A1 - 电池及其盖板结构 - Google Patents

电池及其盖板结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019029407A1
WO2019029407A1 PCT/CN2018/097927 CN2018097927W WO2019029407A1 WO 2019029407 A1 WO2019029407 A1 WO 2019029407A1 CN 2018097927 W CN2018097927 W CN 2018097927W WO 2019029407 A1 WO2019029407 A1 WO 2019029407A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole
cover
cover plate
battery
disposed
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/097927
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李影
蒋世用
钟宽
曾庆苑
吉纯
陈宝荣
邹十美
Original Assignee
格力电器（武汉）有限公司
珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019029407A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019029407A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H01M2200/103—Fuse
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of battery structures, and in particular, to a battery and a cover structure thereof.
  • the cover structure of the battery is generally an aluminum cover structure, which is a precision component.
  • Mainly can be divided into two categories: The first type is the cover plate for lithium iron phosphate batteries. Because the lithium iron phosphate battery has good safety performance, the traditional cover structure has poor safety and is mainly used in lithium iron phosphate batteries.
  • the second type is the cover plate for the ternary material battery core. Since the safety performance of the ternary material battery core is poor, the conventional cover plate structure is applied to the ternary material battery, and the safety of the battery is not high.
  • the present invention provides a cover structure to improve the safety of use of the battery.
  • the invention also discloses a battery having the above-mentioned cover structure.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a cover structure comprising a cover plate, a positive electrode column structure and a negative electrode column structure; a pole column structure in the positive electrode column structure and the negative electrode column structure is a first pole column structure that is electrically connected to the cover plate, and the other pole column structure is Second pole structure;
  • a flip chip that is flipped when the internal pressure of the battery reaches a preset value
  • the flipping sheet turns on the second pole structure and the cover plate in the inverted state.
  • the second pole structure comprises a front second pole disposed on the front surface of the cover and a second pole on the back of the cover, a second pole on the front and a second pole on the back Conduction
  • a first insulating member is disposed between the front second pole and the cover, and a second insulating member is disposed between the second pole and the cover.
  • the flipping piece is disposed on the cover plate
  • the flipping sheet is turned toward the front second pole, and the first insulating member has a relief hole for avoiding the flipping sheet.
  • the projection of the front second pole to the cover covers the flipper.
  • the second insulating member is a lower pad
  • the lower pad is provided with a hollow ventilation structure corresponding to the flipping piece.
  • the inverting piece is disposed on the second pole of the back surface
  • the inverting piece is disposed on a surface of the back second pole facing the cover plate, and the second insulating member has a relief hole for avoiding the flipping piece.
  • the second pole structure is an integrated pole structure
  • the cover plate is provided with a mounting hole
  • an insulating gasket is disposed between the second pole structure and the mounting hole
  • the cover plate has an inclined plate portion, the front surface of the inclined plate portion faces the second pole structure, and the inverting piece is disposed on the inclined plate portion and is turned toward the inclined plate portion.
  • the cover structure further includes a lower pad disposed on the back surface of the cover plate and a rupture disk disposed between the lower pad and the cover plate;
  • the cover plate has an opening structure corresponding to the rupture disk, and the lower pad plate has a venting structure corresponding to the rupture disk.
  • the positive electrode post structure and the negative electrode post structure are electrically connected to each other with an electrode connecting piece for conducting electricity with the battery core.
  • the electrode connection piece is disposed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cover plate and is symmetrical with respect to both sides of the cover plate.
  • the electrode connecting piece is a soft connecting structure formed by stacking a plurality of metal foils.
  • the first pole structure is a positive pole structure
  • the second pole structure is a negative pole structure
  • the present invention also provides a battery comprising a cover structure, the cover structure being a cover structure according to any of the above.
  • At least one of the first pole structure and the second pole structure is electrically connected to the battery core through a soft connection.
  • the bent portion of the soft connection is provided with a self-fusing structure.
  • the cover structure provided by the present invention provides a second pole structure and a cover plate when the internal pressure of the battery reaches a preset value by providing a flipping piece, and the first pole is
  • the structure and the cover plate are electrically connected, so that the battery core, the positive electrode column structure, the cover plate and the negative electrode column structure form an internal short-circuit structure, so that the current and temperature of the battery core rise rapidly, and the connection between the battery core and the positive electrode column structure and the negative electrode column structure.
  • the internal resistance is large, so the heat generation at the joint is large.
  • the joint is blown, so that the internal battery is broken, the battery is broken, and the protection is achieved.
  • the cover structure provided by the invention realizes battery failure by fusing, avoids the situation that the internal air pressure of the battery continues to increase, and effectively improves the safety of use of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a battery, comprising a cover structure, wherein the cover structure is any one of the above-mentioned cover structures. Since the above-mentioned cover structure has the above technical effects, the battery having the above-mentioned cover structure should also have the same technical effect, and will not be repeatedly described herein.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a cover structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of a cover structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a structure of a cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of a cover structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention discloses a cover structure to improve the safety of use of the battery.
  • the invention also discloses a battery having the above-mentioned cover structure.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a cover structure including a cover plate 1 , a positive electrode column structure, a negative electrode column structure, and a flip sheet 3 .
  • one pole structure of the positive pole column structure and the negative pole column structure is a first pole pillar structure, the first pole pillar structure is electrically connected to the cover plate 1; the other pole pillar structure is a second pole pillar structure, it is understandable that The second pole structure itself is relatively insulated from the cover plate 1; the flip sheet 3 is turned over when the internal gas pressure of the battery reaches a preset value; the flip sheet 3 turns on the second pole structure and the cover plate 1 in the inverted state.
  • the cover structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention by providing the flipping sheet 3, makes the second pole structure and the cover plate 1 conductive when the internal pressure of the battery reaches a preset value, and the first pole structure and the cover plate 1 Conduction, the battery cell, the positive electrode column structure, the cover plate 1 and the negative electrode column structure form an internal short-circuit structure, so that the current and temperature of the battery cell rise rapidly, and the internal resistance of the connection between the battery cell and the positive electrode column structure and the negative electrode column structure Larger, therefore, the heat generated at the joint is larger. When the melting point of the joint is reached, the joint is blown, so that the internal battery is broken, the battery is broken, and the protection is achieved.
  • the cover structure provided by the embodiment of the invention achieves battery failure by fusing, avoids the situation that the internal air pressure of the battery continues to increase, and effectively improves the safety of use of the battery.
  • the preset value may be determined according to a specific structure, and the main influencing factor is the specific structure and size parameter of the flip sheet 3.
  • the preset value is 0.4 ⁇ 0.1 MPa.
  • the inverting piece 3 may be a sheet-like structure, and the inverting piece 3 is disposed on one of the second pole structure and the cover plate 1, and the edge of the inverting piece 3 is electrically connected to the component;
  • the intermediate portion is provided with a connecting post which is located on the other part of the flip sheet 3 facing the second pole structure and the cover 1.
  • the flipping sheet 3 is turned upward, and the connecting post of the flipping sheet 3 is in contact with another component to complete the conduction between the second pole structure and the cover plate 1.
  • the flipping sheet 3 can also be set to other structures.
  • a curling structure is provided on the edge of the flipping sheet 3; or, the flipping sheet 3 is inclined by the pressure to move on the cover plate 1, so that one end of the flipping sheet 3 is electrically connected to the second pole pillar structure, and the other end is connected to the cover plate 1 through.
  • the second pole structure includes a front second pole 4 disposed on the front surface of the cover 1 and a second pole 6 disposed on the back surface of the cover 1 , and a second pole on the front side.
  • the post 4 is electrically connected to the rear second pole 6; the front second pole 4 and the cover 1 have a first insulating member 2, and the second rear post 6 and the cover 1 have a second insulating member.
  • the front second pole 4 is a motor terminal, and the second pole 6 on the back is a connecting post that is electrically connected to the battery core.
  • the front side of the cover 1 is the side of the cover 1 facing the outside of the battery
  • the back of the cover 1 is the side of the cover 1 facing the inside (cell) of the battery.
  • a sealing ring 7 is disposed on the connecting post of the front second pole 4 and the back second pole 6.
  • the first insulating member 2 is a terminal encapsulation structure
  • the second insulating member is a lower pad 11.
  • the first pole structure includes a front first pole 10 disposed on the front surface of the cover 1 and a back first pole 9 disposed on the back surface of the cover 1, a front first pole 10 and a back first pole 9 Conduction; the front first pole 10 or the back first pole 9 is electrically connected to the cover 1.
  • the front first pole 10 is wrapped with a conductive electrode terminal encapsulation structure 14 , and the lower pad 11 is disposed between the back first pole 9 and the cover 1 .
  • the cover plate 1 is provided with a positioning structure for positioning with components connected thereto (such as the first insulating member 2 and the electrode terminal sealing structure 14 and the like).
  • the positioning structure for positioning the first insulating member 2 is ceramic particles.
  • the inverting piece 3 is disposed on the cover plate 1; the inverting piece 3 is turned toward the front second pole 4, and the first insulating member 2 has a relief hole for avoiding the inverting piece 3.
  • the cover plate 1 has a through hole for mounting the flipping piece 3, and the outer edge of the flipping piece 3 is connected to the hole wall of the through hole, and the flip piece 3 faces the front second pole 4
  • a connecting post is provided on one side.
  • the projection of the front second pole 4 to the cover 1 covers the flipper 3.
  • the front second pole 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped
  • the back second pole 6 is a square
  • the flipping sheet 3 is a circular flip
  • the front second pole 4 is projected to the cover 1 in a rectangular shape, covering the back.
  • the second insulating member is a lower pad 11; and the lower pad 11 is provided with a hollow ventilation structure provided corresponding to the inverting piece 3.
  • the flipping sheet 3 is disposed on the back second pole 6; the flipping sheet 3 is disposed on the surface of the back second pole 6 facing the cover 1, and the second insulating member has a feature for avoiding turning The escape hole of the sheet 3.
  • the cover plate 1 has a through hole for mounting the flipping piece 3, and the outer edge of the flipping piece 3 is connected to the hole wall of the through hole, and the flip piece 3 faces the front second pole 4
  • a connecting post is provided on one side.
  • the second pole structure can also be set to other structures.
  • the second pole structure is set as an integrated pole structure
  • the cover plate 1 is provided with a mounting hole
  • an insulating gasket is disposed between the integral pole structure and the mounting hole.
  • the cover plate 1 has an inclined plate portion, the front surface of the inclined plate portion faces the second pole structure, and the inverting piece 3 is disposed on the inclined plate portion and is turned toward the inclined plate portion.
  • the inclined plate portion on the cover plate 1 can be formed by bending.
  • the front surface of the inclined plate portion is a side facing the outer side of the battery.
  • the cover structure of the embodiment of the present invention is also provided with a second heavy-explosion-proof design.
  • the cover structure further includes a lower pad 11 disposed on the back surface of the cover plate 1 and a rupture disk 5 disposed between the lower pad 11 and the cover plate 1; the cover plate 1 has a corresponding setting with the rupture disk 5
  • the opening structure has a ventilation structure corresponding to the rupture disk 5 on the lower pad 11. That is, the opening structure of the rupture disk 5 and the cover plate 1 and the venting structure of the lower pad 11 form an explosion-proof valve structure.
  • the internal air pressure of the battery continues to increase, and when the internal pressure of the battery reaches another At the preset value, the rupture disk 5 is broken, the battery core structure is broken, and the battery is ineffective, thereby ensuring the safety of the external environment and the battery explosion does not occur.
  • another preset value is 0.8 ⁇ 0.2 MPa.
  • the cover structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with an electrode connecting piece for conducting electricity with the battery core, and is electrically connected to the positive electrode column structure and the negative electrode column structure.
  • the electrode connecting piece includes a positive electrode connecting piece 12 and a negative electrode connecting piece 13; one end of the positive electrode column structure facing the battery core is electrically connected to the positive electrode connecting piece 12, and the negative electrode column structure is connected to the negative electrode at one end of the battery core.
  • the slice 13 is turned on. By providing electrode connection pieces, the parallel connection of the cells is facilitated. With the above arrangement, it is especially suitable for parallel connection of all-ear wound winding cells.
  • the electrode connection piece and the positive electrode column structure and the negative electrode column structure are electrically connected by laser welding, and the battery core and the electrode connection piece are electrically connected by ultrasonic welding.
  • other connection methods can also be used to achieve conduction, which will not be repeated here.
  • the electrode tabs are disposed in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the cover panel 1.
  • the longitudinal direction of the cover plate 1 is the positive electrode column structure of the cover plate structure and the arrangement direction of the negative electrode column structure.
  • the electrode connecting piece is symmetrical with respect to both sides of the cover plate 1.
  • the electrode connecting piece is a soft connecting structure in which a plurality of metal foils are stacked.
  • welding can be performed at any angle during welding, which further facilitates the parallel connection of the cells. Especially suitable for the welding of all-pole wound batteries.
  • the effect of adjusting the number of parallel cells can be achieved by adjusting the number of metal foil layers.
  • the thickness of the soft connection structure is 10 layers of AL (aluminum) foil, and the thickness is 1.2 mm; or, the thickness of the copper foil is 12 layers, and the thickness is 1.0 mm.
  • the above soft connection structure can be connected in parallel with two full-ear wound batteries.
  • the thickness of the soft joint structure is increased by 2 times or the number of layers is increased by 2 times, when the thickness of each of the 10 layers of the soft joint structure or the AL and Cu foils is 1.0 mm and 1.2 mm, one full-ear coil can be welded.
  • the battery core can be welded with four full-ear wound batteries because the electrode connecting pieces are symmetrical on both sides.
  • the first pole structure is a positive pole structure
  • the second pole structure is a negative pole structure
  • the positive electrode column structure is generally made of an aluminum material
  • the negative electrode column structure is generally made of a copper material
  • the cover plate 1 is generally made of an aluminum material.
  • the first pole structure is the same as the material of the cover plate 1, which facilitates the welding connection of the first pole structure with the cover plate 1.
  • it is also possible to connect the second pole structure to the soldering of the cover plate 1 which will not be repeated here and are all within the scope of protection.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a battery, comprising a cover structure, wherein the cover structure is any one of the above-mentioned cover structures. Since the above-mentioned cover structure has the above technical effects, the battery having the above-mentioned cover structure should also have the same technical effect, and will not be repeatedly described herein.
  • the battery may be a lithium ion battery, and of course, other types of batteries may also be used.
  • the positive electrode post structure and the negative electrode post structure are each provided with an electrode connecting piece for conducting electricity with the battery core.
  • the electrode connecting piece is preferably a soft connecting structure, and the battery core and the electrode connecting piece are also electrically connected by a soft connection.
  • the bend of the soft connection is provided with a self-fusing structure.
  • the self-fusing structure is a portion of the soft connection having a cross section smaller than the cross section of the other portion of the soft connection, and is preferably disposed at the bend of the soft connection. Since the cross-section of the self-fusing structure is small, the internal resistance is the largest here, resulting in a large amount of heat generated here, which is extremely easy to be blown. Self-fusing structures, such as electrode tabs, can also be provided in other locations.
  • the soft connection provided from the fuse structure is a positive soft connection.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电池及其盖板结构。盖板结构包括盖板、正极柱结构及负极柱结构；正极柱结构及负极柱结构中的一个极柱结构为与盖板导通的第一极柱结构，另一个极柱结构为第二极柱结构；还包括在电池内部气压达到预设值时翻转的翻转片；.翻转片在翻转状态下导通第二极柱结构与盖板。本发明提供的盖板结构，通过设置翻转片，通过熔断实现电池失效，避免电池内部气压继续增加的情况，有效提高了电池的使用安全性。

Description

电池及其盖板结构 技术领域
本发明涉及电池结构技术领域，特别涉及一种电池及其盖板结构。
背景技术
目前，电池的盖板结构一般为铝制盖板结构，属于精密元器件。主要可以分为两类：第一类是用于磷酸铁锂电芯的盖板，由于磷酸铁锂电芯安全性能较好，传统的盖板结构安全性较差，主要应用于磷酸铁锂电池中。第二类是用于三元材料电芯的盖板，由于三元材料电芯安全性能较差，传统的盖板结构应用于三元材料电池中，电池的使用安全性不高。
因此，如何提高电池的使用安全性，是本技术领域人员亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种盖板结构，以提高电池的使用安全性。本发明还公开了一种具有上述盖板结构的电池。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种盖板结构，包括盖板、正极柱结构及负极柱结构；正极柱结构及负极柱结构中的一个极柱结构为与盖板导通的第一极柱结构，另一个极柱结构为第二极柱结构；
还包括在电池内部气压达到预设值时翻转的翻转片；
翻转片在翻转状态下导通第二极柱结构与盖板。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，第二极柱结构包括设置于盖板正面的正面第二极柱及设置于盖板背面的背面第二极柱，正面第二极柱与背面第二极柱导通；
正面第二极柱与盖板之间具有第一绝缘部件，背面第二极柱与盖板之间具有第二绝缘部件。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，翻转片设置于盖板上；
翻转片朝向正面第二极柱翻转，第一绝缘部件上具有用于避让翻转片的避让孔。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，正面第二极柱向盖板的投影覆盖翻转片。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，第二绝缘部件为下垫板；
下垫板上设置有与翻转片对应设置的镂空通气结构。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，翻转片设置于背面第二极柱上；
翻转片设置于背面第二极柱朝向盖板的面上，第二绝缘部件上具有用于避让翻转片的避让孔。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，第二极柱结构为一体式极柱结构，盖板上设置有安装孔，第二极柱结构与安装孔之间设置有绝缘垫圈；
盖板上具有倾斜板部分，倾斜板部分的正面朝向第二极柱结构，翻转片设置于倾斜板部分上且朝向倾斜板部分翻转。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，还包括设置于盖板背面的下垫板及设置于下垫板与盖板之间的防爆片；
盖板具有与防爆片对应设置的开孔结构，下垫板上具有与防爆片对应设置的通气结构。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，正极柱结构及负极柱结构上均导通设置有用于与电芯导通的电极连接片。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，电极连接片沿垂直于盖板长度方向的方向设置且相对于盖板两侧对称。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，电极连接片为由多层金属箔叠加而成的软连接结构。
优选地，上述盖板结构中，第一极柱结构为正极柱结构，第二极柱结构为负极柱结构。
本发明还提供了一种电池，包括盖板结构，盖板结构为如上述任一项的盖板结构。
优选地，上述电池中，第一极柱结构与第二极柱结构中至少有一个极柱结构与电芯通过软连接导通。
优选地，上述电池中，软连接的弯折处设置有自熔断结构。
从上述的技术方案可以看出，本发明提供的盖板结构，通过设置翻转片，在电池内部气压达到预设值时，使得第二极柱结构与盖板导通，而由于第一极柱结构与盖板导通，使得电池的电芯、正极柱结构、盖板及负极柱结构形成内短路结构，使得电芯的电流及温度急速上升，电芯与正极柱结构及负极柱结构的连接处内阻较大，因此，使得连接处的发热量较大，当到达连接处的熔点时，连接处熔断，使得电池内部断路，电池失效，进而达到保护作用。本发明提供的盖板结构，通过熔断实现电池失效，避免电池内部气压继续增加的情况，有效提高了电池的使用安全性。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电池，包括盖板结构，盖板结构为如上述任一种盖板结构。由于上述盖板结构具有上述技术效果，具有上述盖板结构的电池也应具有同样的技术效果，在此不再一一累述。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的盖板结构的爆炸结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的盖板结构的俯视结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的盖板结构的剖视结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的盖板结构的仰视结构示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
1、盖板；2、第一绝缘部件；3、翻转片；4、正面第二极柱；5、防爆片；6、背面第二极柱；7、密封圈；9、背面第一极柱；10、正面第一极柱；11、下垫板；12、正极连接片；13、负极连接片；14、导电极端子包胶结构。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种盖板结构，以提高电池的使用安全性。本发明还公开了一种具有上述盖板结构的电池。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种盖板结构，包括盖板1、正极柱结构、负极柱结构及翻转片3。其中，正极柱结构及负极柱结构中的一个极柱结构为第一极柱结构，第一极柱结构与盖板1导通；另一个极柱结构为第二极柱结构，可以理解的是，第二极柱结构本身与盖板1相对绝缘；翻转片3在电池内部气压达到预设值时翻转；翻转片3在翻转状态下导通第二极柱结构与盖板1。
本发明实施例提供的盖板结构，通过设置翻转片3，在电池内部气压达到预设值时，使得第二极柱结构与盖板1导通，而由于第一极柱结构与盖板1导通，使得电池的电芯、正极柱结构、盖板1及负极柱结构形成内短路结构，使得电芯的电流及温度急速上升，电芯与正极柱结构及负极柱结构的连接处内阻较大，因此，使得连接处的发热量较大，当到达连接处的熔点时，连接处熔断，使得电池内部断路，电池失效，进而达到保护作用。本发明实施例提供的盖板结构，通过熔断实现电池失效，避免电池内部气压继续增加的情况，有效提高了电池的使用安全性。
可以理解的是，预设值可以依据具体结构而定，其主要影响因素为翻转片3的具体结构及尺寸参数。优选地，预设值为0.4±0.1Mpa。
在本实施例中，翻转片3可以为片状结构，翻转片3设置于第二极柱结构与盖板1中的一个部件上，翻转片3的边缘与该部件导通；翻转片3的中间部位设置有连接柱，该连接柱位于翻转片3朝向第二极柱结构与盖板1中的另一个部件上。当电池内部气压达到预设值时，翻转片3会朝上翻转，翻转片3的连接柱与另一个部件接触，完成第二极柱结构与盖板1的导通。当 然，翻转片3也可以设置为其他结构。如，在翻转片3的边缘设置翘边结构；或者，翻转片3受压力作用倾斜于盖板1运动，使翻转片3的一端与第二极柱结构导通，另一端与盖板1导通。
如图1、图2及图3所示，第二极柱结构包括设置于盖板1正面的正面第二极柱4及设置于盖板1背面的背面第二极柱6，正面第二极柱4与背面第二极柱6导通；正面第二极柱4与盖板1之间具有第一绝缘部件2，背面第二极柱6与盖板1之间具有第二绝缘部件。其中，正面第二极柱4为电机端子，背面第二极柱6为与电芯导通的连接柱。通过上述设置，确保了第二极柱结构与盖板1之间相互绝缘，也方便了第二极柱结构与外部连接件及电芯导通。
可以理解的是，盖板1正面为盖板1朝向电池外侧的一面，盖板1背面为盖板1朝向电池内部(电芯)的一面。正面第二极柱4与背面第二极柱6的连接柱上设置有密封圈7。
优选地，第一绝缘部件2为端子包胶结构，第二绝缘部件为下垫板11。
同样地，第一极柱结构包括设置于盖板1正面的正面第一极柱10及设置于盖板1背面的背面第一极柱9，正面第一极柱10与背面第一极柱9导通；正面第一极柱10或背面第一极柱9与盖板1导通。其中，正面第一极柱10外包裹有导电极端子包胶结构14，下垫板11设置于背面第一极柱9与盖板1之间。
其中，盖板1上设置有用于与与其连接的部件(如第一绝缘部件2及导电极端子包胶结构14等)定位的定位结构。为了确保第二极柱结构与盖板1的相互绝缘，用于定位第一绝缘部件2的定位结构为陶瓷粒。
在第一种实施例中，翻转片3设置于盖板1上；翻转片3朝向正面第二极柱4翻转，第一绝缘部件2上具有用于避让翻转片3的避让孔。翻转片3处于翻转状态时，翻转片3的一部分通过避让孔与第一绝缘部件2连接，完成第二极柱结构与盖板1的导通。可以理解的是，在本实施例中，盖板1上具有安装翻转片3的通孔，翻转片3的外边缘与通孔的孔壁连接，而翻转片3朝向正面第二极柱4的一面设置有连接柱。
正面第二极柱4向盖板1的投影覆盖翻转片3。通过上述设置，确保了翻转片3翻转后与正面第二极柱4的有效接触，进一步提高了使用安全性。
在本实施例中，正面第二极柱4为长方体，背面第二极柱6为正方体，翻转片3为圆形翻转片，正面第二极柱4向盖板1的投影为长方形，覆盖背面第二极柱6及翻转片3。
如图1及图4所示，第二绝缘部件为下垫板11；下垫板11上设置有与翻转片3对应设置的镂空通气结构。通过上述设置，使得翻转片3与下垫板11能够相互叠加设置，方便了第二绝缘部件的安装固定，也方便了翻转片3的设置。
在另一种实施例中，翻转片3设置于背面第二极柱6上；翻转片3设置于背面第二极柱6朝向盖板1的面上，第二绝缘部件上具有用于避让翻转片3的避让孔。翻转片3处于翻转状态时，翻转片3的一部分通过避让孔与盖板1导通，完成第二极柱结构与盖板1的导通。可以理解的是，在本实施例中，盖板1上具有安装翻转片3的通孔，翻转片3的外边缘与通孔的孔壁连接，而翻转片3朝向正面第二极柱4的一面设置有连接柱。
也可以将第二极柱结构设置为其他结构，如第二极柱结构设置为一体式极柱结构，盖板1上设置有安装孔，一体式极柱结构与安装孔之间设置有绝缘垫圈；盖板1上具有倾斜板部分，倾斜板部分的正面朝向第二极柱结构，翻转片3设置于倾斜板部分上且朝向倾斜板部分翻转。通过上述设置，同样可以起到导通第二极柱结构与盖板1的作用。
其中，盖板1上的倾斜板部分可以通过弯折而成。其中，倾斜板部分的正面为其朝向电池外侧的一面。
可以理解的是，上述翻转片3形成第一重防爆设计。为了进一步提高使用安全性，避免第一重防爆设计失效而使电池存在爆炸危险的情况，本发明实施例提供的盖板结构，还设置有第二重防爆设计。在本实施例中，盖板结构还包括设置于盖板1背面的下垫板11及设置于下垫板11与盖板1之间的防爆片5；盖板1具有与防爆片5对应设置的开孔结构，下垫板11上具有与防爆片5对应设置的通气结构。即，上述防爆片5及盖板1的开孔结构和下 垫板11的通气结构形成防爆阀结构，当第一重防爆设计失效时，电池内部气压继续增大，当电池内部气压达到另一预设值时，防爆片5破裂，电池的电芯结构破坏，电池失效，进而保证了外界环境的安全，不会发生电池爆炸的情况。优选地，本实施例中，另一预设值为0.8±0.2MPa。
本发明实施例提供的盖板结构，正极柱结构及负极柱结构上均导通设置有用于与电芯导通的电极连接片。通过电芯与电机连接片的导通，实现了电芯与正极柱结构或负极柱结构的导通。如图1及图4所示，电极连接片包括正极连接片12及负极连接片13；正极柱结构朝向电芯的一端与正极连接片12导通，负极柱结构朝向电芯的一端与负极连接片13导通。通过设置电极连接片，方便了电芯的并联连接。通过上述设置，尤其适用于全极耳卷绕电芯的并联连接。
在本实施例中，电极连接片与正极柱结构及负极柱结构通过激光焊接实现导通，而电芯与电极连接片通过超声波焊接实现导通。当然，也可以采用其他连接方式实现导通，在此不再一一累述。
优选地，电极连接片沿垂直于盖板1长度方向的方向设置。其中，盖板1长度方向为盖板结构的正极柱结构及负极柱结构的排列方向。通过上述设置，进一步方便了电芯的并联连接。
进一步地，电极连接片相对于盖板1两侧对称。
更进一步地，电极连接片为由多层金属箔叠加而成的软连接结构。通过上述设置，焊接时可任意角度焊接，进一步方便了电芯的并联连接。尤其适用于全极耳卷绕电芯的焊接。并且，能够通过调节金属箔层数达到调节电芯并联数的作用。如，在软连接结构的厚度为AL(铝)箔10层，厚度为1.2mm；或，铜箔为12层，厚度为1.0mm。上述软连接结构可以并联2个全极耳卷绕电芯。当软连接结构的厚度增大2倍或层数增大2倍时，每10层软连接结构或AL和Cu箔的厚度达到1.0mm和1.2mm时，能够多焊接1个全极耳卷绕电芯，由于电极连接片两侧对称，即，可以焊接4个全极耳卷绕电芯。
在本实施例中，第一极柱结构为正极柱结构，第二极柱结构为负极柱结构。由于正极柱结构一般由铝材料制成，负极柱结构一般由铜材料制成，而 盖板1一般由铝材料制成。通过上述设置，第一极柱结构与盖板1的材料相同，方便了第一极柱结构与盖板1的焊接连接。当然，也可以将第二极柱结构与盖板1的焊接连接，在此不再一一累述且均在保护范围之内。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电池，包括盖板结构，盖板结构为如上述任一种盖板结构。由于上述盖板结构具有上述技术效果，具有上述盖板结构的电池也应具有同样的技术效果，在此不再一一累述。
本实施例中，电池可以为锂离子电池，当然，也可以为其他类型的电池。
为了便于连接，第一极柱结构与第二极柱结构中至少有一个极柱结构与电芯通过软连接导通。在本实施例中，正极柱结构及负极柱结构上均设置有用于与电芯导通的电极连接片。电极连接片优选为软连接结构，而电芯与电极连接片也通过软连接导通。
进一步地，软连接的弯折处设置有自熔断结构。其中，自熔断结构为软连接上一个横截面小于软连接其他部位横截面的部位，优选设置于软连接的折弯处。由于自熔断结构的横截面较小，此处内阻最大，导致此处发热量极大，极易熔断。也可以在其他部位设置自熔断结构，如电极连接片。优选地，设置自熔断结构的软连接为正极软连接。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种盖板结构，包括盖板(1)、正极柱结构及负极柱结构；其特征在于，所述正极柱结构及所述负极柱结构中的一个极柱结构为与所述盖板(1)导通的第一极柱结构，另一个极柱结构为第二极柱结构；
    还包括在电池内部气压达到预设值时翻转的翻转片(3)；
    所述翻转片(3)在翻转状态下导通所述第二极柱结构与所述盖板(1)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述第二极柱结构包括设置于所述盖板(1)正面的正面第二极柱(4)及设置于所述盖板(1)背面的背面第二极柱(6)，所述正面第二极柱(4)与所述背面第二极柱(6)导通；
    所述正面第二极柱(4)与所述盖板(1)之间具有第一绝缘部件(2)，所述背面第二极柱(6)与所述盖板(1)之间具有第二绝缘部件。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述翻转片(3)设置于所述盖板(1)上；
    所述翻转片(3)朝向所述正面第二极柱(4)翻转，所述第一绝缘部件(2)上具有用于避让所述翻转片(3)的避让孔。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述正面第二极柱(4)向所述盖板(1)的投影覆盖所述翻转片(3)。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述第二绝缘部件为下垫板(11)；
    所述下垫板(11)上设置有与所述翻转片(3)对应设置的镂空通气结构。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述翻转片(3)设置于所述背面第二极柱(6)上；
    所述翻转片(3)设置于所述背面第二极柱(6)朝向所述盖板(1)的面上，所述第二绝缘部件上具有用于避让所述翻转片(3)的避让孔。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述第二极柱结构为一体式极柱结构，所述盖板(1)上设置有安装孔，所述第二极柱结构与所述安装孔之间设置有绝缘垫圈；
    所述盖板(1)上具有倾斜板部分，所述倾斜板部分的正面朝向所述第二极柱结构，所述翻转片(3)设置于倾斜板部分上且朝向倾斜板部分翻转。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，还包括设置于所述盖板(1)背面的下垫板(11)及设置于所述下垫板(11)与所述盖板(1)之间的防爆片(5)；
    所述盖板(1)具有与所述防爆片(5)对应设置的开孔结构，所述下垫板(11)上具有与所述防爆片(5)对应设置的通气结构。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述正极柱结构及所述负极柱结构上均导通设置有用于与电芯导通的电极连接片。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述电极连接片沿垂直于所述盖板(1)长度方向的方向设置且相对于所述盖板(1)两侧对称。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述电极连接片为由多层金属箔叠加而成的软连接结构。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的盖板结构，其特征在于，所述第一极柱结构为正极柱结构，所述第二极柱结构为负极柱结构。
  13. 一种电池，包括盖板结构，其特征在于，所述盖板结构为如权利要求1-12任一项所述的盖板结构。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一极柱结构与所述第二极柱结构中至少有一个极柱结构与电芯通过软连接导通。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的电池，其特征在于，所述软连接的弯折处设置有自熔断结构。
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