WO2018205919A1 - 一种西洛多辛及其中间体的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种西洛多辛及其中间体的合成方法 Download PDF

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WO2018205919A1
WO2018205919A1 PCT/CN2018/085967 CN2018085967W WO2018205919A1 WO 2018205919 A1 WO2018205919 A1 WO 2018205919A1 CN 2018085967 W CN2018085967 W CN 2018085967W WO 2018205919 A1 WO2018205919 A1 WO 2018205919A1
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reaction
acid
compound
silodosin
potassium carbonate
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PCT/CN2018/085967
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French (fr)
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朱国荣
王臻
杨会林
黄荣明
屠勇军
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浙江天宇药业股份有限公司
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Priority to JP2018566423A priority Critical patent/JP6699979B2/ja
Priority to EP18798245.9A priority patent/EP3450426B1/en
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/08Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C59/00Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
    • C07C59/235Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group
    • C07C59/245Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
    • C07C59/255Tartaric acid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/07Optical isomers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • C07B2200/13Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

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  • the invention relates to the field of medicinal chemistry, in particular to a method for synthesizing silodosin and an intermediate thereof.
  • Silodosin is an ⁇ -adrenergic receptor antagonist invented by Japan's Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., which is clinically used for urinary dysfunction associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  • the chemical name of silodosin is: 2,3-dihydro-1-(3-hydroxypropyl)-5-[(2R)-2-[2-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoro) Ethoxy)phenoxy]ethylamino]propyl]-1H-indole-7-carboxamide, the chemical structure of which is shown in Formula 1.
  • Patent US 5,837, 603 discloses a silodosin compound and its basic synthetic route (formula 2). After porphyrin protection by acetyl group, Friede1-Crafts acylation with propionyl chloride is carried out, followed by halogenation with concentrated sulfuric acid/hydrobromic acid. The halogenated ketone and the halogenated ketone are reduced by a triethylsilane/trifluoroacetic acid system, and the obtained halogenated product is subjected to nitration, reduction and Sandmeyer reaction to introduce a cyano group at the 7 position of the porphyrin, a cyano group and a sodium azide.
  • reaction is further reduced by palladium/barium sulfate and chiral resolution to obtain propylamine in the R configuration, followed by 2-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenoxy]ethyl methanesulfonate.
  • Condensation the resulting product is protected with Boc, followed by deacetylation, oxidative hydrolysis, benzoyloxypropyl, debenzoyl, de Boc protection to obtain silodosin.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a novel synthesis method of silodosin and its intermediates, and the synthesis method of the invention improves the synthesis process of silodosin and its intermediates.
  • a method for synthesizing a silodosin intermediate 10 is carried out by the following reaction steps:
  • Step 1 chloride 2 is deacetylated with hydrochloric acid and acetic acid to obtain porphyrin 3,
  • Step 2 in an organic solvent, porphyrin 3 and potassium phthalimide, in the presence of potassium carbonate, SN2 substitution reaction to obtain imide 4,
  • Step 3 in an organic solvent, at a certain temperature, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, potassium carbonate, potassium iodide, imide 4 and 3-chloropropyl benzoate N alkylation reaction can obtain benzo Acid ester 5,
  • Step 4 reducing the carbonyl group of the benzoate 5 by triethylsilane and trifluoroacetic acid to obtain the porphyrin 6,
  • Step 5 under the protection of an inert gas, the porphyrin 6 undergoes a Wellsmeier reaction (Vilsmeier reaction) under the action of dimethylformamide and phosphorus oxychloride to obtain an aldehyde 7,
  • Step 6 the aldehyde 7 is deuterated and dehydrated to obtain a nitrile 8,
  • Step 7 Under the protection of an inert gas, the amine 9 obtained by reacting the nitrile 8 with hydrazine hydrate to remove the phthaloyl group is resolved by L-tartaric acid to obtain the intermediate 10 of silodosin.
  • the compounding ratio (mass) of the compound 2, hydrochloric acid and acetic acid is 1: (5 to 10): (5 to 10).
  • step 2 the molar ratio of compound 3, potassium phthalimide and potassium carbonate is 1: (1.0-2.0): (1.0-2.0).
  • step 2 the molar ratio of compound 3, potassium phthalimide and potassium carbonate is 1:1.05:1.1.
  • the organic solvent may be selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, toluene, tetrahydrofuran and the like, and more preferably acetonitrile.
  • the phase transfer catalyst is selected from the group consisting of tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium iodide, benzyltrimethylammonium chloride, benzyltriethylammonium chloride. .
  • the molar ratio of the compound 4 to the 3-chloropropyl benzoate, potassium carbonate, potassium iodide, and phase transfer catalyst is 1: (1.0 to 2.0): (2.0 to 4.0): (1.0 to 2.0) : (0.05 to 0.1).
  • step 3 the molar ratio of the compound 4 to the 3-chloropropyl benzoate, potassium carbonate, potassium iodide, phase transfer catalyst is 1:1.6:2.4:1.6:0.07.
  • the reaction temperature is from 90 to 100 °C.
  • the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and nitromethylpyrrolidone, and more preferably dimethylformamide.
  • step 4 the molar ratio of compound 5, triethylsilane and trifluoroacetic acid is 1: (2.0 to 3.0): (2.0 to 3.0), preferably 1:2.0: 2.6.
  • the organic solvent of step 4 may be selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran.
  • the molar ratio of compound 6 to phosphorus oxychloride is 1: (2.0 to 3.0), preferably 1:2.0.
  • the molar ratio of the compound 7 to hydroxylamine hydrochloride and potassium carbonate is 1: (1.0 to 2.0): (1.0 to 2.0), preferably 1:1.0: 1.0.
  • the invention also discloses a method for synthesizing silodosin using the above intermediate 10, which is through the following reaction steps:
  • Step 8 In the organic solvent acetonitrile, the intermediate 10 of silodosin in the presence of potassium carbonate and 2-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenoxy]methanesulfonate]
  • the ethyl ester is condensed to give compound 11; preferably, the molar ratio of compound 10, 2-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenoxy]methanesulfonate and potassium carbonate is 1: (1.0 to 1.5): (1.5 to 2.5), more preferably 1:1.0:2.0;
  • Step 9 The obtained compound 11 is crystallized from L-malic acid in a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate / n-hexane to obtain a salt 12.
  • the molar ratio of compound 11 to malic acid is 1: (1.0-1.1), more preferably 1:1.05.
  • the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to n-hexane is 1:1;
  • Step 10 under basic conditions, the compound 12 is debenzoyl protected to give nitrile 13;
  • Step 11 Hydrolysis of 12 with hydrogen peroxide in an organic solvent DMSO under alkaline conditions of potassium carbonate to obtain silodosin 1, preferably, the molar ratio of compound 13 to hydrogen peroxide is 1: (2.0 to 5.0), more preferably 1:2.0;
  • the salt 12 produced by the above step 9 is a crystal form I
  • the salt I of the salt 12 has a melting point of 71 to 73 ° C and a DCS peak of 71.82 ° C.
  • the powder X-ray diffraction spectrum has the following characteristic peaks represented by 2 ⁇ angles: 8.6 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.3 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.4 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.8 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 14.2 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 15.3 ° ⁇ 0.2°, 17.6° ⁇ 0.2°, 20.1° ⁇ 0.2°, 22.8° ⁇ 0.2°, 23.7° ⁇ 0.2°, 24.0° ⁇ 0.2°, 24.6° ⁇ 0.2°, 34.6° ⁇ 0.2°, 35.8° ⁇ 0.2° .
  • the room temperature described in the present application means 25 ° C
  • the cold saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution refers to a saturated aqueous solution of sodium carbonate at 5 ° C
  • the rate of slow cooling and slow temperature rise is 10 ° C per hour.
  • the present invention simplifies the conversion step, and the reaction yield of each step is high, which effectively reduces the industrial production cost and risk, and is suitable for industrial production.
  • the compound 11 is crystallized with L-malic acid to effectively remove related impurities which are difficult to remove such as dimer, which is advantageous for synthesizing high-quality silodosin in the subsequent step and improving the yield.
  • Figure 1 is a XPRD pattern of Form I of Compound 12 prepared in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a DSC chart of Form I of Compound 12 prepared in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • test methods which do not specify the specific conditions in the following examples are selected according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the product specifications.
  • Compound 2 was prepared according to the method disclosed in Patent CN102690223, and the remaining solvents and reagents were purchased at Nanjing Kangmanlin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
  • reaction solution is concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure, add 1500mL of dichloromethane and 2000mL, cold saturated sodium carbonate aqueous solution, stir After 1 hour, the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
  • the mixture was further heated to 60 to 70 ° C to dissolve and dissolve, and then slowly dropped to -5 to 0 ° C to crystallize, a large amount of white solid was precipitated, and the obtained solid was filtered, and dried in vacuo to give 45.6 g of white crystals 12, yield: 85%.
  • the crystal form of the obtained Compound 12 was a crystalline form I having a melting point of 71 to 73 ° C, as shown in Fig. 2, and its DCS peak was 71.82 °C. As shown in Fig.
  • the main peak 2 ⁇ in the powder X-ray diffraction spectrum is 8.6 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.3 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.4 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.8 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 14.2 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 15.3 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 17.6 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 20.1 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 22.8 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 23.7 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 24.0 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 24.6 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 34.6 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 35.8 ° ⁇ 0.2 °.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
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  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种西洛多辛及其中间体的合成方法,步骤为:以氯代物2经盐酸/醋酸脱乙酰基获得吲哚啉3,再发生SN2取代反应得到酰亚胺4,随后发生N烷基化反应获得苯甲酸酯5,再通过还原羰基得到吲哚啉6,然后通过Vilsmeier反应得到醛7,再通过肟化脱水得腈8,通过水合肼反应所得的胺9经L-酒石酸拆分获得西洛多辛关键中间体10。在碱性条件下缩合得11,与L-苹果酸成盐结晶形成盐12,经碱性双氧水水解得到西洛多辛1。本发明使用L-苹果酸成盐结晶,有效去除二聚物等不易去除的杂质,反应转化率较高,有效降低工业生产成本,避免使用危险试剂,简化生产步骤,提升合成的安全性。

Description

一种西洛多辛及其中间体的合成方法 技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及一种西洛多辛及其中间体的合成方法。
背景技术
西洛多辛是日本Kissei制药公司发明的一种α-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂,临床用于良性前列腺增生有关的排尿障碍。西洛多辛的化学名称为:2,3-二氢-1-(3-羟丙基)-5-[(2R)-2-[2-[2-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯氧基]乙胺基]丙基]-1H-吲哚-7-甲酰胺,其化学结构如式一所示。
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000001
专利US5387603公开了西洛多辛化合物及其基本合成路线(式二),吲哚啉经乙酰基保护后,与丙酰氯发生Friede1-Crafts酰化反应再用浓硫酸/氢溴酸进行卤代获得卤代酮,卤代酮经三乙基硅烷/三氟乙酸体系还原羰基,所得卤代物依次经硝化、还原、Sandmeyer反应在吲哚啉的7位引入氰基,氰基物与叠氮化钠反应再经钯/硫酸钡还原及手性拆分后获得R构型的丙胺,随后与甲磺酸2-[2-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯氧基]乙酯缩合,所得产物用Boc保护氨基,再依次经过脱乙酰基,氧化水解,上苯甲酰氧丙基,脱苯甲酰基,脱Boc保护获得西洛多辛。
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000002
综上所述,现有的合成工艺路线步骤冗长,保护去保护步骤较多,总收率较低,需进行硝化,叠氮化,氰基化等危险反应,工艺条件不宜控制等不足,有必要改进西洛多辛及其中间体的合成工艺,提高收率,降低生产成本和安全风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述现有技术中的不足,提供了一种新的西洛多辛及其 中间体的合成方法,本发明的合成方法改进了西洛多辛及其中间体的合成工艺,避开危险试剂叠氮化钠的使用,降低了生产风险性,并提高了生产收率。
具体地,一种西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法是通过如下的反应步骤:
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000003
具体的步骤为:
步骤1,氯化物2经盐酸和乙酸脱乙酰基获得吲哚啉3,
步骤2,在有机溶剂中,吲哚啉3与邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾,在碳酸钾的存在下,发生SN2取代反应得到酰亚胺4,
步骤3,在有机溶剂中,一定温度下,在相转移催化剂、碳酸钾、碘化钾存在的条件下,酰亚胺4与苯甲酸-3-氯丙酯发生N烷基化反应即可获得苯甲酸酯5,
步骤4,将苯甲酸酯5通过三乙基硅烷和三氟乙酸还原羰基得到吲哚啉6,
步骤5,在惰性气体保护下,吲哚啉6在二甲基甲酰胺和三氯氧磷作用下发生维尔斯迈尔反应(Vilsmeier反应)得到醛7,
步骤6,醛7通过肟化、脱水得腈8,
步骤7,在惰性气体保护下,腈8与水合肼反应脱去邻苯二甲酰基后所得的胺9经L-酒石酸拆分获得西洛多辛中间体10,
优选的,步骤1中,化合物2、盐酸和乙酸的投料比(质量)为1:(5~10):(5~10)。
优选的,步骤2中,化合物3、邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾和碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:(1.0-2.0):(1.0-2.0)。
优选的,步骤2中,化合物3、邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾和碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:1.05:1.1。
优选的,步骤2中,有机溶剂可选自乙腈,甲苯,四氢呋喃等等,更优选的是乙腈。
优选的,步骤3中,相转移催化剂选自四丁基溴化铵、四丁基氯化铵、四丁基碘化铵、苄基三甲基氯化铵、苄基三乙基氯化铵。
优选的,步骤3中,化合物4与苯甲酸-3-氯丙酯、碳酸钾、碘化钾、相转移催化剂的摩尔比为1:(1.0~2.0):(2.0~4.0):(1.0~2.0):(0.05~0.1)。
优选的,步骤3中,所述的化合物4与苯甲酸-3-氯丙酯、碳酸钾、碘化钾、相转移催化剂的摩尔比为1:1.6:2.4:1.6:0.07。
优选的,步骤3中,反应温度为90~100℃。
优选的,步骤3中,有机溶剂选自二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜、氮甲基吡咯烷酮,更优选的是二甲基甲酰胺。
优选的,步骤4中,化合物5、三乙基硅烷和三氟乙酸的摩尔比为1:(2.0~3.0):(2.0~3.0),优选的是1:2.0:2.6。步骤4的有机溶剂可选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃。
优选的,步骤5中,化合物6和三氯氧磷的摩尔比为1:(2.0~3.0),优选的是1:2.0。
优选的,步骤6中,化合物7和盐酸羟胺、碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:(1.0~2.0):(1.0~2.0),优选的是1:1.0:1.0。
本发明还公开一种使用上述中间体10合成西洛多辛的方法,是通过如下的反应步骤:
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000004
具体的步骤为:
步骤8,在有机溶剂乙腈中,西洛多辛中间体10在碳酸钾存在的条件下与甲磺酸-2-[2-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯氧基]乙酯缩合得化合物11;优选的,化合物10、甲磺酸-2-[2-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯氧基]乙酯和碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:(1.0~1.5):(1.5~2.5),更优选的是1:1.0:2.0;
步骤9,在乙酸乙酯/正己烷的混合溶剂中,将所得化合物11与L-苹果酸成盐结晶得盐12。优选的,化合物11、苹果酸的摩尔比为1:(1.0-1.1),更优选的是1:1.05。优选的,乙酸乙酯与正己烷的体积比为1:1;
步骤10,在碱性条件下,将化合物12解苯甲酰基保护得腈13;
步骤11,在有机溶剂DMSO中,在碳酸钾碱性条件下,双氧水水解12得到西洛多辛1,优选的,化合物13与双氧水的摩尔比为1:(2.0~5.0),更优选的是1:2.0;
通过上述步骤9产生的盐12为晶型I
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000005
该盐12的晶型I熔点在71~73℃,其DCS峰值为71.82℃。其粉末X射线衍射光谱具有以下由2θ角表示的特征峰:为8.6°±0.2°,11.3°±0.2°,11.4°±0.2°,11.8°±0.2°,14.2°±0.2°,15.3°±0.2°,17.6°±0.2°,20.1°±0.2°,22.8°±0.2°,23.7°±0.2°,24.0°±0.2°,24.6°±0.2°,34.6°±0.2°,35.8°±0.2°。
本申请文件中所述的室温表示25℃,所述冷的饱和碳酸钠水溶液指5℃的饱和碳酸钠水溶液,所述的缓慢降温和缓慢升温的速度为每小时改变10℃。
本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明简化转化步骤,各步反应收率较高,有效降低工业生产成本和风险,适合工业化生产。
(2)本发明将化合物11与L-苹果酸成盐结晶,有效去除二聚物等不易去除的相关杂质,有利于后续步骤合成高质量的西洛多辛,提高收率。
附图说明
附图1,本发明实施例所制备的化合物12的晶型I的XPRD图;
附图2,本发明实施例所制备的化合物12的晶型I的DSC图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施方式,对本发明作进一步的描述,以便更好地理解本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下面实施例中未注明具体条件的试验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
化合物2依照专利CN102690223公开的方法制备,其余溶剂、试剂均在南京康满林化工实业有限公司购买获得。
1HNMR采用Brukeravance 400核磁共振仪测得;HRMS采用Waters Xevo G2-XS QTof高分辨质谱仪测得,离子源采用ESI源;熔点采用Optimelt MPA100全自动熔点仪测得;HPLC采用Agilent 1260高效液相色谱仪测得。
实施例1:化合物3的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000006
在室温下,向反应容器中投入251g化合物2、1500mL 30%盐酸、1000mL乙酸;而后缓慢升温至80-90℃反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(4-10小时),将反应液减压浓缩至干,加入1500mL二氯甲烷和2000mL、冷的饱和碳酸钠水溶液,搅拌1小时后分层,有机层用饱和食盐水洗涤,收集有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得203g黄色固体化合物3,收率:97%。熔点:91-93℃;HRMS m/z(ESI):C 11H 13ClNO[M+H +]理论计算值:210.0680,实测值:210.0689; 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ:7.74(m,2H),6.55(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.22(q,J=6.4Hz,1H),4.38(br,1H),2.69(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.09(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),1.71(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)。 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3)δ:191.73,156.82,131.14,129.13,125.86,124.17,107.06,52.82,47.18,28.63,20.50。
实施例2:化合物4的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000007
在室温下,向反应容器中投入209g从实施例1制备得到的化合物3、194g邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾、1000mL乙腈、151g碳酸钾。其中化合物3、邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾和碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:1.05:1.1。
而后缓慢升温至80-90℃反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(4-10小时),将反应液减压浓缩至干,加入1500mL二氯甲烷和2000mL、冷的饱和碳酸钠水溶液中,搅拌1小时后分层,有机层用饱和食盐水洗涤,收集有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得295g黄色固体4,收率:92%。熔点:167-169℃;HRMS m/z(ESI):C 19H 17N 2O 3[M+H +]理论计算值:321.1234,实测值:321.1240; 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ:7.81(m,2H),7.68(m,2H),7.65(m,1H),7.57(m,1H),6.41(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.62(q,J=6.4Hz,1H),4.27(br,1H),3.62(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.01(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),1.72(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)。 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3)δ:193.45,167.79,156.34,134.02,131.96,129.98,129.14, 125.29,125.01,123.39,107.09,50.69,47.12,28.70,15.45。
实施例3:化合物5的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000008
在室温下,向反应瓶中投入32g从实施例2制备得到的化合物4、32g苯甲酸-3-氯丙酯、26g碘化钾、33g碳酸钾、2.2g四丁基溴化铵、600mL DMF。其中化合物4与苯甲酸-3-氯丙酯、碳酸钾、碘化钾、相转移催化剂四丁基溴化铵的摩尔比为1:1.6:2.4:1.6:0.07。
而后缓慢升温至90~100℃反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(18-26小时),将反应液减压蒸馏脱去DMF,所得残余物缓慢滴至二氯甲烷(400mL)和5%盐酸水溶液(800mL)的混合物中,搅拌分层,有机相分别用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,饱和食盐水依次洗涤,收集有机层并用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得39.5g,黄色液体5,收率82%,ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 29H 27N 2O 5[M+H +]理论计算值:483.1914,实测值:483.1919; 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ:8.01(m,2H),7.81(m,2H),7.69(m,2H),7.61-7.43(m,5H),6.30(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),5.62(q,J=6.4Hz,1H),4.39(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.55(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.32(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.99(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.05(m,2H),3.32(d,J=6.4Hz,3H); 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3)δ:192.99,167.80,166.47,156.17,133.99,133.12,132.01,130.45,130.06,129.83,129.51,128.47,124.97,123.90,123.38,104.31,62.50,52.43,50.63,44.33,27.56,26.58,15.51。
实施例4:化合物6的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000009
在-5~0℃下,在有机溶剂中,向反应容器中投入30g三氟乙酸、48.2g从实施例3制备得到的化合物5、300mL二氯甲烷,在此温度下缓慢滴加24g三乙基 硅烷的100mL二氯甲烷溶液。化合物5、三乙基硅烷和三氟乙酸的摩尔比为1:2.0:2.6。
滴完后保温反应1小时,而后缓慢升温至室温反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(8-12小时),将反应液倒入冰水中,有机层分别用碳酸氢钠溶液(800mL),饱和食盐水(800mL)依次洗涤,收集有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得44.4g浅黄色固体6,收率95%。熔点:80-82℃;ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 29H 29N 2O 4[M+H +]理论计算值:469.2122,实测值:469.2117; 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ:8.05(m,2H),7.78(m,2H),7.65(m,2H),7.58(m,1H),7.44(m,2H),6.92(s,1H),6.87(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.32(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.58(m,1H),4.41(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),3.32(m,2H),3.15(m,3H),3.00(m,1H),2.85(m,2H),2.05(m,2H),1.47(d,J=6.4Hz,3H); 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3)δ:168.48,166.57,151.11,133.69,132.97,132.00,130.33,130.30,129.55,128.41,127.79,127.77,125.19,122.98,106.85,62.93,53.51,49.00,46.45,39.41,28.53,26.92,18.07。
实施例5:化合物7的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000010
氮气保护,在-5~0℃下,将30g三氯氧磷缓慢滴加到46.8g从实施例4制备得到的化合物6的DMF(45mL)溶液中,可选的是,化合物6和三氯氧磷的摩尔比为1:(2.0~3.0),优选的是1:2.0。而后升至室温搅拌反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(18-24小时),将反应液浓缩至干,残余物倒入500mL冰水中,用300mL二氯甲烷提取,有机层分别用800mL碳酸氢钠溶液,800mL饱和食盐水依次洗涤,收集有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得45.1g黄色固体7,收率91%。熔点:146-148℃;ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 30H 29N 2O 5[M+H +]理论计算值:497.2071,实测值:497.2065; 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ:9.79(s,1H),8.03(m,2H),7.76(m,2H),7.66(m,2H),7.57(m,1H),7.46(m,2H),7.18(s,1H),7.03(s,1H),4.58(m,1H),4.37(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),3.60(m,4H),3.21(m,1H),3.00(m,3H),2.05(m,2H),1.50(d,J=6.4Hz,3H); 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3)δ:189.84,168.41,166.55,151.58,133.84,133.72,132.98,131.97,131.83,130.17,130.09,129.61,128.41,127.06,123.04,118.19,62.80, 54.61,49.86,48.54,38.82,27.77,26.76,18.14。
实施例6:化合物8的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000011
将49.6g从实施例5制备得到的化合物7溶于500mL THF中,加入13.8g碳酸钾,7.0g盐酸羟胺,可选的是,化合物7和盐酸羟胺、碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:(1.0~2.0):(1.0~2.0),优选的是1:1.0:1.0。缓慢升温至50℃搅拌1小时,然后缓慢滴加25mL醋酸酐,随后将反应液加热回流反应。液相色谱监控至反应完全(18-24小时),反应结束后将合成液过滤,滤液浓缩至干,残余物加入500mL水,用800mL二氯甲烷提取,有机层分别用800mL碳酸氢钠溶液,800mL饱和食盐水依次洗涤,收集有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得43.9g白色固体8,收率89%。熔点:138-140℃;ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 30H 28N 3O 4[M+H +]理论计算值:494.2074,实测值:494.2079; 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ:8.05(m,2H),7.78(m,2H),7.68(m,2H),7.57(m,1H),7.42(m,2H),6.98(s,1H),6.92(s,1H),4.52(m,1H),4.44(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),3.70(m,2H),3.54(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.15(m,1H),2.95(m,3H),2.11(m,2H),1.49(d,J=6.4Hz,3H); 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3)δ:168.38,166.59,151.78,133.91,132.98,132.77,131.81,131.39,130.12,129.66,129.16,128.36,127.11,123.12,119.27,87.84,62.,55,53.34,48.46,45.21,38.68,27.28,27.13,18.15。
实施例7:化合物9的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000012
氮气保护,在-5~0℃下,将30g水合肼缓慢滴加到49.3g从实施例6制备得到的化合物8的THF(45mL)溶液中,而后升至回流搅拌反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(18-24小时),将反应液浓缩至干,残余物倒入500mL冰水中,用500mL二氯甲烷提取,有机层分别用800mL饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,800mL饱和食 盐水依次洗涤,收集有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得45.1g油状物9。ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 22H 26N 3O 2[M+H +]理论计算值:364.2020,实测值:364.2016,该油状物直接用于下步反应。
实施例8:化合物10的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000013
在反应容器中投入上步所得油状物45.1g(从实施例7制备得到的化合物9)、6.9g L-酒石酸、500mL四氢呋喃,而后升温至50~60℃搅拌溶清,而后缓慢降至室温(25℃),得到大量晶体,将所得晶体过滤,真空干燥后得17.7g白色晶体10,收率:34%。
实施例9:化合物11的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000014
在27.6g碳酸钾存在的反应容器中投入51.3g从实施例8制备得到的化合物10、68g甲磺酸-2-[2-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯氧基]乙酯、400mL乙腈,可选的是,化合物10、甲磺酸-2-[2-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯氧基]乙酯和碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:(1.0~1.5):(1.5~2.5),优选的是1:1.0:2.0。
而后升温至80~90℃搅拌反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(18-24小时),将反应液浓缩至干,残余物倒入800mL水中,用500mL乙酸乙酯提取,有机层用800mL饱和食盐水依次洗涤,收集有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得43.6g油状物11,ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 32H 35F 3N 3O 4[M+H +]理论计算值:582.2574,实测值:582.2578,收率75%。直接用于下步反应。
实施例10:化合物12的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000015
在反应容器中投入43.6g从实施例9制备得到的化合物11、10.1g L-苹果酸、250mL乙酸乙酯、250mL正己烷,其中可选的是,化合物11、苹果酸的摩尔比为1:(1.0-1.1),优选的是1:1.05。可选的是,乙酸乙酯与正己烷的体积比为1:1。
再升温至60~70℃搅拌溶清,而后缓慢降至-5~0℃结晶,析出大量白色固体,将所得固体过滤,真空干燥后得45.6g白色晶体12,收率:85%。所得化合物12的晶型为晶型I,其熔点在71~73℃,如图2所示,其DCS峰值为71.82℃。如图1所示,其粉末X射线衍射光谱中主峰2θ为8.6°±0.2°,11.3°±0.2°,11.4°±0.2°,11.8°±0.2°,14.2°±0.2°,15.3°±0.2°,17.6°±0.2°,20.1°±0.2°,22.8°±0.2°,23.7°±0.2°,24.0°±0.2°,24.6°±0.2°,34.6°±0.2°,35.8°±0.2°。
实施例11:化合物13的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000016
在反应容器中投入35.8g从实施例10制备得到的化合物12、200g氢氧化钠水溶液(10%)、100mL乙醇,而后室温搅拌反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(5-10小时),将反应液脱除乙醇,残余物倒入500mL水中,用500mL二氯甲烷提取,有机层分别用900mL碳酸氢钠溶液,900mL饱和食盐水依次洗涤,收集有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干得22.7g白色固体13,ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 25H 31F 3N 3O 3[M+H +]理论计算值:478.2312,实测值:478.2307,收率95%。
实施例12:化合物1的制备
Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-000017
在反应容器中投入47.8g从实施例11制备得到的化合物13、13.7g碳酸钾、500mL DMSO,于18~20℃下慢慢滴加入13.7g双氧水(30%),其中可选的是,化合物13与双氧水的摩尔比为1:(2.0~5.0),优选的是1:2.0。
然后于此温度下搅拌反应,液相色谱监控至反应完全(4-8小时),反应液用600mL乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层,有机层再用1摩尔/升的HCl水溶液洗,饱和碳酸氢钠洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,再用乙酸乙酯溶解,自然冷却析晶、过滤,烘干得到45.5g西洛多辛1,ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 25H 33F 3N 3O 4[M+H +]理论计算值:496.2418,实测值:496.2414,收率:92%,纯度>99%。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了详细描述,但其只是作为本发明的优选实施范例,从技术层面讲,在本发明合成路线的基础上,对所述的实施步骤中反应条件的若干优化和为获得本发明所涉及的中间体所做的方法改进也应视为本发明的保护范围,因此本发明并不限制于以上描述的具体实施例。对于本领域技术人员而言,任何对本发明进行的等同修改和替代也都在本发明的范畴之中。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法,其特征是通过如下的反应步骤:
    Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-100001
    具体的步骤为:
    步骤1,氯化物2经盐酸和乙酸脱乙酰基获得吲哚啉3,
    步骤2,在有机溶剂中,吲哚啉3与邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾,在碳酸钾的存在下,发生SN2取代反应得到酰亚胺4,
    步骤3,在有机溶剂中,一定温度下,在相转移催化剂、碳酸钾、碘化钾存在的条件下,酰亚胺4与苯甲酸-3-氯丙酯发生N烷基化反应即可获得苯甲酸酯5,
    步骤4,将苯甲酸酯5通过三乙基硅烷和三氟乙酸还原羰基得到吲哚啉6,
    步骤5,吲哚啉6在二甲基甲酰胺和三氯氧磷作用下发生维尔斯迈尔反应得到醛7,
    步骤6,醛7通过肟化、脱水得腈8,
    步骤7,腈8与水合肼反应脱去邻苯二甲酰基后所得的胺9经L-酒石酸拆分 获得西洛多辛中间体10。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中吲哚啉3、邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾和碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:(1.0-2.0):(1.0-2.0)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中吲哚啉3、邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾和碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:1.05:1.1。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中相转移催化剂选自四丁基溴化铵、四丁基氯化铵、四丁基碘化铵、苄基三甲基氯化铵、苄基三乙基氯化铵。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,酰亚胺4与苯甲酸-3-氯丙酯、碳酸钾、碘化钾、相转移催化剂的摩尔比为1:(1.0~2.0):(2.0~4.0):(1.0~2.0):(0.05~0.1)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤3中,所述的酰亚胺4与苯甲酸-3-氯丙酯、碳酸钾、碘化钾、相转移催化剂的摩尔比为1:1.6:2.4:1.6:0.07。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中的反应温度为90~100℃。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6所述的西洛多辛中间体10的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,有机溶剂选自二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜、氮甲基吡咯烷酮。
  9. 一种使用上述任一项权利要求得到的中间体10生成西洛多辛1的合成方法,其特征是通过如下的反应步骤:所述中间体10在有机溶剂中,在碱性条件下与甲磺酸2-[2-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯氧基]乙酯缩合得化合物11,将所得化合物11与L-苹果酸结晶得盐12,盐12在碱性条件下解苯甲酰基保护后有机溶剂中经碱性双氧水水解得到西洛多辛。
    Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-100002
  10. 一种根据权利要求9所述的合成方法生成的盐12晶型I
    Figure PCTCN2018085967-appb-100003
    盐12的熔点在71~73℃,其DCS峰值为71.82℃。
  11. 一种根据权利要求9所述的合成方法生成的盐12的晶型I的粉末X射线衍射光谱具有以下由2θ角表示的特征峰:8.6°±0.2°,11.3°±0.2°,11.4°±0.2°,11.8°±0.2°,14.2°±0.2°,22.8°±0.2°,24.6°±0.2°。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的盐12的晶型I的粉末X射线衍射光谱还具有以下由2θ角表示的特征峰:15.3°±0.2°,17.6°±0.2°,20.1°±0.2°,23.7°±0.2°,24.0°±0.2°,34.6°±0.2°,35.8°±0.2°。
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