WO2018124290A1 - 薬剤を塗布したマイクロニードルアレイ - Google Patents
薬剤を塗布したマイクロニードルアレイ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018124290A1 WO2018124290A1 PCT/JP2017/047302 JP2017047302W WO2018124290A1 WO 2018124290 A1 WO2018124290 A1 WO 2018124290A1 JP 2017047302 W JP2017047302 W JP 2017047302W WO 2018124290 A1 WO2018124290 A1 WO 2018124290A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
- A61K9/0021—Intradermal administration, e.g. through microneedle arrays, needleless injectors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
- A61K9/7023—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms
- A61K9/703—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
- A61L31/06—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L31/10—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L31/16—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/60—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a special physical form
- A61L2300/606—Coatings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2420/00—Materials or methods for coatings medical devices
- A61L2420/06—Coatings containing a mixture of two or more compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
- A61M2037/0023—Drug applicators using microneedles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
- A61M2037/0046—Solid microneedles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microneedle array coated with a drug, and relates to the field of transdermal absorption preparations.
- Oral administration and transdermal administration are often used as methods for administering drugs to human body.
- Injection is a typical transdermal method of administration.
- injection is a painful and unwelcome technique for many people, as it requires the hands of specialists such as doctors and nurses.
- a transdermal administration method using a microneedle array without causing pain has recently attracted attention (Non-Patent Document 1).
- a microneedle array is a large number of microneedles integrated on a substrate.
- a product that is easy to use by adding an adhesive sheet for attaching the microneedle array to the skin or a release sheet for protecting the adhesive surface to the microneedle array is called a microneedle patch.
- Patent Documents 1-4 A method of coating a microneedle surface with a drug using a drug solution (Patent Documents 1-4), and a method of granulating the drug and centrifuging the microneedles while the microneedles are soft to collect the drug at the tip of the microneedle (Patent Document 5) It has been reported.
- the method of coating this drug on the surface of the microneedle or the method of attaching the drug from the drug solution to the tip of the microneedle requires heating of the drug, or the adhered drug is peeled off when the microneedle is inserted. was there.
- a method has been proposed in which a drug is dissolved in a solvent of a microneedle material so that the adhered drug and the microneedle body are integrated to prevent peeling off (Patent Document 6).
- Patent Documents 1-4 and 6 Since the method of immersing the tip of the microneedle in the drug solution and attaching the drug to the tip of the microneedle is simple, it can be put to practical use (Patent Documents 1-4 and 6). However, it is very difficult to apply the drug quantitatively and with little variation on the tip of the microneedle. With microneedles made of a hydrophobic material, it is difficult to apply the drug from an aqueous solution, and quantitative drug loading is impossible. When a microneedle made of a hydrophilic material is simply immersed in an aqueous drug solution, the aqueous drug solution moves up the needle by capillary action, reaches the substrate from the bottom of the needle, and the drug is widely distributed. Cannot be loaded.
- microneedle array hundreds of microneedles are densely forested with a gap of 20 ⁇ m to 1,000 ⁇ m, and the aqueous drug solution rises very easily by capillary action. Therefore, it has been extremely difficult to immerse the microneedle array in a drug aqueous solution to a certain depth and to hold the drug quantitatively, although many attempts have been made so far.
- Patent Document 2 In order to prevent capillary action, a method of applying a drug by masking other than the tip of the microneedle has been proposed (Patent Document 2). There has also been proposed a method (Patent Document 4) in which a drug is inserted into a large number of holes with a spatula and a microneedle is inserted into the holes to increase the quantitativeness of the amount of drug adhered.
- Patent Document 4 a method in which a drug is inserted into a large number of holes with a spatula and a microneedle is inserted into the holes to increase the quantitativeness of the amount of drug adhered.
- Patent Document 4 In order to prevent capillary action, a method of applying a drug by masking other than the tip of the microneedle has been proposed (Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 4 There has also been proposed a method (Patent Document 4) in which a drug is inserted into a large number of holes with a spatula and a microneedle is
- Patent Document 7 a technique for quantitatively administering a drug
- JP 2008-029710 A Special table 2007-521090 gazette Special table 2008-520370 gazette Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-139648 Special table 2009-507573 JP 2011-224308 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-109963 JP 2014-079557 A
- the present inventors actually applied a microneedle array in which a drug was applied to the tip of the microneedle to an animal and measured the skin stratum corneum of the application part by tape stripping. I found out that Therefore, even if the drug can be quantitatively applied to the tip of the microneedle, when it is actually applied as a transdermal absorption preparation, a drug residue is generated in the stratum corneum and the purpose of quantitative administration of the drug cannot be achieved. The possibility surfaced as a problem.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a practical microneedle preparation with less drug remaining in the stratum corneum.
- the present inventors have intensively studied the drug residue on the stratum corneum with respect to a wide variety of microneedles having a drug applied to the tip portion.
- the inventors have found that the intended purpose can be achieved by combining the drug application portions, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention is as follows. [1]
- the needle length is 350 ⁇ m or more and 900 ⁇ m or less, the diameter of the apex of the needle tip is 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, has a drug application part, and is based on a bioinsoluble polymer.
- a microneedle array which is a needle array, wherein a lower end of a drug application portion is 200 ⁇ m or more from the base of the needle.
- the needle length is 350 ⁇ m or more and 900 ⁇ m or less, the diameter of the apex of the needle tip is 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, has a drug application part, and is based on a bioinsoluble polymer.
- bioinsoluble polymer is composed of nylon, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, poly (lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymer, polyglycolic acid, polyethylene terephthalate, COP (cyclic olefin polymer), and mixtures thereof
- the drug application part is selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid, collagen, dextrin, dextran, sodium chondroitin sulfate, hydroxypropylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, alginic acid, glucose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose and mixtures thereof.
- the microneedle array according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein a water-soluble substance is present together.
- the microneedles mounted on the microneedle array of the present invention have a needle length of 350 ⁇ m or more and 900 ⁇ m or less, and a tip apex diameter of 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the base of the microneedle array of the present invention is a bioinsoluble polymer.
- the biologically insoluble polymer refers to a polymer having a property that it does not completely dissolve for at least 15 minutes after being molded into microneedles and inserted into the skin.
- a polymer that can be easily molded by injection molding or press molding is preferable.
- the base of the microneedle array of the present invention is hyaluronic acid, dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium chondroitin sulfate, hydroxy, as long as it has the property of not completely dissolving for at least 15 minutes after being molded into a microneedle and inserted into the skin. It may be a polymer selected from the group consisting of propyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
- the microneedle array of the present invention is characterized in that the lower end of the drug application part is 200 ⁇ m or more from the base of the needle.
- the upper end may be any height depending on the application amount of the drug.
- the upper end is the tip of the microneedle.
- a microneedle array with a drug applied to the needle tip dramatically improves drug permeation efficiency by perforating the skin stratum corneum, which is a drug permeation barrier during transdermal drug delivery. Surprisingly, it was found that some of the drug remained in the stratum corneum of the skin.
- the microneedle array of the present invention has succeeded in reducing the amount of drug remaining on the stratum corneum by specifying the shape of the microneedle and the position of the drug application part.
- the microneedle array of the present invention is a percutaneously absorbable preparation with enhanced transdermal drug delivery efficiency. A rare drug can be delivered to the dermis layer with less burden on the body and transferred from the subcutaneous tissue to the blood to maintain the blood drug concentration.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a microneedle having a step.
- FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph showing the overall image of the microneedle array used in the examples.
- FIG. 3 is a photomicrograph showing the shape of the needle of the microneedle array having a length of 400 ⁇ m used in the example.
- the microneedle constituting the microneedle array has a needle length of 300 ⁇ m or more and 900 ⁇ m or less, preferably 400 to 800 ⁇ m, more preferably 400 to 800 ⁇ m, in order to ensure percutaneous absorption of the drug. 600 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of the apex of the tip of the needle is 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, in order to reduce the ease of penetration into the skin and the drug residue on the skin.
- Each microneedle has a cylindrical shape or a conical shape with a circular bottom surface, or an elliptic cylinder shape or an elliptical cone shape with an elliptical bottom surface.
- the major axis is expressed as a diameter
- the minor axis is shorter than the major axis as long as an ellipse can be formed.
- These shaped microneedles may have a step.
- the level difference means that the cross-sectional area of the microneedle is discontinuously reduced from a certain point of the microneedle toward the tip, and the cross-section has a stepped shape as shown in FIG.
- the shape of the microneedle having a step will be described with reference to FIG.
- the length of the tip 1 is 50 to 500 ⁇ m and the rest is the bottom 3. It is more preferable that the tip of the needle length of 300 to 900 ⁇ m is 50 to 450 ⁇ m and the rest is the bottom.
- the size of the edge 2 of the step between the tip and the bottom is preferably larger than 10 ⁇ m and smaller than 100 ⁇ m. More preferably, the thickness is 14 to 50 ⁇ m.
- Reference numeral 4 denotes a microneedle array substrate.
- the edge 2 of the step is a surface (surface parallel to the substrate) orthogonal to the axis of the microneedle within the range of machining accuracy.
- the size of the edge 2 of the step means a difference in radius between the front end and the bottom at the step.
- the tip may be conical, cylindrical, elliptical, or elliptical, depending on the shape of the microneedle.
- the bottom may be conical, cylindrical, elliptical, or elliptical, depending on the shape of the microneedle.
- the microneedle array of the present invention has a drug application part.
- the drug application part is at the tip of the microneedle, and when the tip of the microneedle is directed upward, the lower end of the drug application part is 200 ⁇ m or more from the root of the needle. If the lower end of the application part of the medicine is 200 ⁇ m or more from the base of the needle, the upper end may be any height depending on the application amount of the medicine. Preferably, the upper end is the tip of the microneedle, but it does not necessarily have to be applied to the tip.
- the length of the drug application part is typically 100 ⁇ m or more and 800 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 150 ⁇ m or more and 600 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower end and the upper end of the drug application part are values obtained by measuring the lower end and the upper end of the microneedle coated with the drug in the vertical direction from the substrate of the microneedle array.
- the length of the drug application part is represented by the difference between the lower end and the upper end of the microneedle to which the drug is applied.
- the thickness of the drug application portion varies depending on the drug application liquid and the number of applications.
- the thickness of the application part can be represented by the diameter near the center of the application part of the medicine. The diameter in the vicinity of the center of the drug application portion is larger than the diameter of the microneedle before drug application.
- the present inventors reduce the keratin residue of the drug when the thickest diameter in the vicinity of the center of the drug application part is within a predetermined range. It has been found that a needle array can be realized.
- the drug applied to the microneedle is not particularly limited as long as it is a drug and cosmetic raw material conventionally used as a percutaneous absorption preparation.
- antipyretic analgesic / anti-inflammatory agent steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, vasodilator Agent, arrhythmia agent, antihypertensive agent, local anesthetic agent, hormone agent, antihistamine agent, general anesthetic agent, sleep analgesic agent, antiepileptic agent, psychoneurotic agent, skeletal muscle relaxant agent, autonomic nerve agent, antiparkinsonian agent
- Examples include diuretics, vasoconstrictors, respiratory stimulants, narcotics, and antigen components of pathogens (eg, vaccine antigen proteins).
- the content of the medicinal component can be appropriately set according to the characteristics of the component, the purpose of administration, the administration subject, the number of administrations, and the like.
- drugs are low molecular weight compounds having a molecular weight of 600 or less, but high molecular weight drugs can also be used.
- Preferred high molecular weight drugs include, for example, bioactive peptides and derivatives thereof, nucleic acids, oligonucleotides, various antigen proteins, bacteria, virus fragments, and the like.
- physiologically active peptides and derivatives thereof include calcitonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, epidermal growth factor (EGF), parathyroid hormone (PTH), hPTH (1 ⁇ 34), insulin, atrial natriuretic peptide, Examples include growth hormone, growth hormone releasing hormone, endothelin, and salts thereof.
- antigen protein include influenza antigen, Japanese encephalitis antigen, diphtheria, tetanus antigen, HBs surface antigen, HBe antigen and the like.
- the base of the microneedle is preferably a polymer that can be easily injection-molded or press-molded.
- the bioinsoluble polymer may be hyaluronic acid, dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium chondroitin sulfate, hydroxypropylcellulose, as long as it has the property of not completely dissolving for at least 15 minutes after being molded into a microneedle and inserted into the skin.
- Polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture thereof may be used.
- the microneedle array can be mass-produced using a mold (mold).
- a microneedle array based on a polymer that can be injection-molded may be manufactured by injection-molding the base using a mold (see, for example, JP-A-2003-238347, [0017], [0018]). Described method).
- a mold see, for example, JP-A-2003-238347, [0017], [0018]). Described method).
- a mold for the injection mold, stainless steel, heat-resistant steel, superalloy, or the like can be used.
- a typical mold has incisions corresponding to 100 to 1000 microneedles per square centimeter to create a microneedle shape.
- a fine processing means such as a grinder can be used to make the cut portion.
- the base aqueous solution may be poured into a mold, dried and then removed (for example, specially JP 2009-238772 A, [0029]-[0031].
- Drug application to the drug application microneedle array is performed by immersing the tip of the microneedle in a drug solution and holding the drug on the tip of the microneedle.
- the drug solution is typically an aqueous solution, but may contain a solvent other than water in order to dissolve the drug.
- the drug may be completely dissolved or may be dispersed in a solvent.
- the coexisting substance is dissolved, and the drug is held in the microneedle together with the coexisting substance when dried after coating.
- the coexisting substance must be a substance that does not impair the stability of the drug, for example, hyaluronic acid, collagen or dextrin, dextran, chondroitin sulfate Na, hydroxypropylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose Na salt, alginic acid, etc.
- Suitable high molecular weight substances, low molecular weight sugars such as glucose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, or mixtures thereof are suitable.
- the coexisting substance is only a water-soluble polymer substance, the dissolution time of the coated film in the skin during microneedle administration may be long.
- a film made of only low molecular sugars has insufficient mechanical strength. Therefore, a mixture of a water-soluble polymer and a low-molecular sugar is desirable as the coexisting substance of the aqueous drug solution in which the microneedle is immersed.
- the proportion of the low molecular weight saccharide is desirably 80% by weight or less based on the total weight of the coexisting substances.
- the concentration of coexisting substances in the drug solution is preferably 2% to 50%.
- concentration is lower than 2%, the viscosity of the drug solution is small, and the amount of applied coating during immersion is small.
- concentration is 50% or more, the concentration of the drug solution is too high and the drug application is not stable.
- the immersion time and number of times can be set according to the affinity between the base of the microneedle and the drug solution, and are applied so that the diameter in the vicinity of the center of the drug application portion becomes a desired value. After coating, it is dried until the solvent evaporates. Drying may be forced drying by blowing natural air or dry air, nitrogen gas, or the like.
- the drug solution reservoir is filled with the drug solution, and the microneedle array is immersed from above to allow the drug to adhere to the needle.
- the apparatus needs to be able to control the immersion depth with an accuracy of about 20 microns in order to strictly define the immersion depth of the microneedle array.
- the transdermal absorption preparation of the present invention comprises a microneedle array having a drug application part.
- the transdermally absorbable preparation of the present invention is administered to an animal having skin tissue.
- animals include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds (eg, poultry such as chickens, quail, turkeys, ducks, geese, Aigamo, ostriches) and mammals. Mammals may or may not include humans.
- Mammals other than humans include rodents such as mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, pets such as rabbits, cats, dogs, domestic animals such as pigs, cows, horses, sheep, goats, monkeys, orangutans, gorillas, Primates such as chimpanzees.
- the transdermally absorbable preparation of the present invention is preferably administered to a mammal.
- FITC fluorescein isothiocyanate
- PGA-MN polyglycolic acid microneedle
- FITC which is a fluorescent dye
- PGA-MN PGA microneedle
- the PGA-MN substrate has an elliptical shape having a major axis of 1.4 mm, a minor axis of 1.2 mm, and a thickness of 1.0 mm, and has a base portion having a thickness of 1.0 mm on the top thereof.
- the needle has a two-stage structure. Table 1 shows the dimensions of two types of PGA-MN with different needle heights used in the experiment.
- the materials used for coating are as follows. Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC-L) manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. Fluorescein-4-isothiocyanate manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories
- a coating solution was prepared by mixing FITC dissolved in 0.1 mol / L NaOH and 16% HPC-L aqueous solution. 2) The tip of PGA-MN was dipped in the coating solution contained in the container, and the coating solution was attached to the tip of the needle. 3) Dried overnight in a desiccator.
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Abstract
Description
疎水性の素材からなるマイクロニードルでは、薬物を水溶液から塗布すること自身が困難であり定量的薬物の装填は不可能である。親水性素材からなるマイクロニードルを単に薬物水溶液に浸漬すると、薬物水溶液が毛管現象により針を上昇し針の底部から基板部に達し薬物は広く分配されるため、マイクロニードル先端部に薬物を定量的に装填することが不可能となる。1枚のマイクロニードルアレイには数百本のマイクロニードルが間隙20μm~1,000μmで密に林立しており、毛管現象により薬物水溶液は極めて容易に上昇する。従って、マイクロニードルアレイを薬物水溶液に一定の深さまで浸漬し、薬物を定量的に保持させることは、これまで多くの試みがなされてきたが極めて困難である。
本発明は、以下に示す通りである。
〔1〕針長さは350μm以上、900μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は20μm以上、100μm以下であり、薬剤の塗布部を有し、生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイであって、薬剤の塗布部の下端は針の根元から200μm以上であることを特徴とするマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔2〕針長さは350μm以上、900μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は20μm以上、100μm以下であり、薬剤の塗布部を有し、生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイであって、薬剤の塗布部の最大直径が80μm以下であることを特徴とするマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔3〕生体非溶解性高分子が、ナイロン、ポリカーボネート、ポリ乳酸、ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)共重合体、ポリグリコール酸、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、COP(サイクリックオレフィンポリマー)及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔4〕薬剤の塗布部にヒアルロン酸、コラーゲン、デキストリン、デキストラン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、エチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩、アルギン酸、グルコース、スクロース、マルトース、トレハロース及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる水溶性物質が共存している、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
あるいは、本発明のマイクロニードルアレイの基剤は、マイクロニードルに成型し皮膚に刺し入れした後に少なくとも15分間は完全溶解しない性質を有する限りは、ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン、ポリビニルピロリドン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる高分子であってもよい。
マイクロニードルアレイを構成するマイクロニードルは、薬物の経皮吸収を確実にするため、針長さが300μm以上、900μm以下であり、好ましくは400~800μmであり、より好ましくは400~600μmである。
針の先端部頂点の直径は、皮膚への刺し入れの容易性と皮膚への薬物残りを低減させるため、20μm以上、100μm以下であり、30μm以上、60μm以下が好ましい。
個々のマイクロニードルは、底面が円である円柱状もしくは円錐状、又は、底面が楕円である楕円柱状もしくは楕円錐状である。楕円の大きさを表す場合、長径を直径として表し、短径は楕円を形成できる限りにおいて長径より短い。これらの形状のマイクロニードルは、段差を有していてもよい。
なお、段差の縁2は工作精度の範囲でマイクロニードルの軸に対し直交する面(基板に平行な面)である。また段差の縁2の大きさとは、段差の部分における先端部と底部の半径の差をいう。先端部はマイクロニードルの形状に応じて、円錐形、円柱形、楕円柱形、楕円錐形であってもよい。同様に、底部はマイクロニードルの形状に応じて、円錐形、円柱形、楕円柱形、楕円錐形であってもよい。
本発明のマイクロニードルアレイは、薬剤の塗布部を有する。薬剤の塗布部は、マイクロニードルの先端部にあり、マイクロニードルの先端を上に向けた場合、薬剤の塗布部の下端は、針の根元から200μm以上である。薬剤の塗布部の下端が針の根元から200μm以上であれば、上端は薬剤の塗布量に応じて任意の高さであってもよい。好ましくは、上端は、マイクロニードルの先端であるが、必ずしも先端の際まで塗布されなければならないものではない。薬剤の塗布部の長さは、典型的には100μm以上、800μm以下であり、150μm以上、600μm以下が好ましい。
薬剤の塗布部の下端と上端は、薬剤が塗布されたマイクロニードルの下端と上端とをマイクロニードルアレイの基板から垂直方向にそれぞれ測定して求めた値である。薬剤の塗布部の長さは、薬剤が塗布されたマイクロニードルの下端と上端との差で表す。
他方、薬剤の塗布部は、薬剤塗布液及び塗布回数に応じて、厚みは異なる。本発明においては、塗布部の厚みを、薬剤の塗布部の中央近傍の直径で表すことができる。薬剤の塗布部の中央近傍の直径は、薬剤塗布前のマイクロニードルの直径よりも大きくなる。本発明者らは、マイクロニードルの薬剤塗布部の位置に加えて、薬剤の塗布部の中央近傍の最も厚い直径が所定の範囲内であると、薬剤の角質残りが低減され、実用的なマイクロニードルアレイを実現できることを見出した。
薬剤としては、従来から経皮吸収製剤として使用されている薬物及び化粧品の原料であれば特に限定されず、例えば、解熱鎮痛消炎剤、ステロイド系抗炎症剤、血管拡張剤、不整脈用剤、血圧降下剤、局所麻酔剤、ホルモン剤、抗ヒスタミン剤、全身麻酔剤、睡眠鎮痛剤、抗癲癇剤、精神神経用剤、骨格筋弛緩剤、自立神経用剤、抗パーキンソン剤、利尿剤、血管収縮剤、呼吸促進剤、麻薬、そして病原体の抗原成分(例、ワクチン抗原蛋白)、等が挙げられる。薬効成分の含有量は、成分の特性、投与目的、投与対象、投与回数等に応じて適宜設定することができる。
マイクロニードルの基剤は、射出成形又はプレス成形が容易な高分子が好ましく、ナイロン、ポリカーボネート、ポリ乳酸、ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)共重合体、ポリグリコール酸、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、COP(サイクリックオレフィンポリマー)及びそれらの混合物が挙げられる。あるいは、生体非溶解性高分子は、マイクロニードルに成型し皮膚に刺し入れした後に少なくとも15分間は完全溶解しない性質を有する限りは、ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン、ポリビニルピロリドン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、又はそれらの混合物であってもよい。
ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン、ポリビニルピロリドン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、及びそれらの混合物を基剤として用いる場合は、基剤水溶液を鋳型に流し、乾燥してから取り出せばよい(例えば、特開2009-273872号公報、[0029]-[0031]に記載の方法)。
マイクロニードルアレイへの薬物塗布は、マイクロニードルの先端を薬物溶液に浸漬してマイクロニードル先端に薬物を保持させることにより行う。薬物溶液は、典型的には水溶液であるが、薬物を溶解させるために水以外の溶媒を含んでいてもよい。また、薬物は完全に溶解していても、溶媒に分散していてもよい。
本発明の経皮吸収製剤は、薬剤塗布部を有するマイクロニードルアレイからなるものである。
本発明の経皮吸収製剤は、皮膚組織を有する動物に投与される。ここで動物とは、魚類、両生類、爬虫類、鳥類(例、ニワトリ、ウズラ、シチメンチョウ、アヒル、ガチョウ、アイガモ、ダチョウ等の家禽)、哺乳動物が挙げられる。哺乳動物は、ヒトを含んでいてもヒトを含んでいなくてもよい。ヒトを除く哺乳動物としては、マウス、ラット、ハムスター、モルモット等のげっ歯類、ウサギ、ネコ、イヌ等の愛玩動物、ブタ、ウシ、ウマ、ヒツジ、ヤギ等の家畜、サル、オランウータン、ゴリラ、チンパンジー等の霊長類が挙げられる。
本発明の経皮吸収製剤は、哺乳動物に投与されることが好ましい。
本実施例では、(1) ニードルの高さ、(2) ニードル塗布部の直径、の異なるFITC塗布PGA-MNを実験に供し、角質へのFITC残り量について考察した。
1.試験材料
ラット適用実験に、図1に示したPGA-MNを用いた。図1において、PGA-MN基板は長径1.4mm、短径1.2mm、厚さ1.0mmの楕円形であり、その上部に厚さ1.0mmの台部を有する。ニードルは2段構造をとる。実験に供したニードル高さの異なる2種類のPGA-MNのディメンジョンを表1に示す。
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(HPC-L)日本曹達株式会社製
Fluorescein-4-isothiocyanate 株式会社同仁化学研究所製
1)0.1mol/LのNaOHで溶解した FITCと16%HPC-L水溶液を混合して塗布液を調製した。
2)容器に入れた塗布液にPGA-MN先端を浸漬して、ニードル先端に塗布液を付着させた。
3)デシケーター中で1夜乾燥させた。
1)Wistar/ST雄性ラット8週齢の腹部をシェーバーで剃毛し、腹部を上にして手足を固定し、ソムノペンチルで麻酔をした。
2)FITC塗布PGA-MNを、ニードルを刺入するように腹部皮膚に押し付けて貼付し、テーピングで圧着固定した。
3)PGA-MNを貼付したラットを固定器に入れて動かないように固定した。
4)5分後または1時間後PGA-MNを取り出した。
5)10分間置いて適用皮膚の表面を乾燥させた。
1)FITC塗布PGA-MNを適用した皮膚に直径12mmの円形のテープを貼って押してから剥がした。これを15回繰り返して皮膚表面の角質を採取した。
2)15枚のテープを5枚ずつに分けて6ウェルプレートに入れ、1mlの0.01mol/LのNaOH水溶液で抽出した。
3)同ロットの適用前FITC塗布PGA-MNを同様に抽出した。
4)抽出液を96ウェルプレートに入れ、励起波長485nm、測定波長535nmで蛍光強度を測定した。測定装置は、テカンジャパン株式会社製プレートリーダーSpectraFluorを用いた。
5)適用前MNの蛍光強度を100としたときの、角質を剥がしたテープ15枚の抽出液の蛍光強度の割合を算出し、角質への残り量とした。
実験結果より、適用後の角質への残り量が少ないのは、(1)ニードルの高さは高く、(2)塗布部の直径は細いMNであることがわかった。600μmPGA-MNで塗布部の直径を70μm以下にすれば、角質への残り量はおよそ10%以下になるため、実用的なマイクロニードル製剤を得ることが出来ると考える。
2 段差の縁
3 底部
4 マイクロニードルアレイの基板
Claims (4)
- 針長さは350μm以上、900μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は20μm以上、100μm以下であり、薬剤の塗布部を有し、生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイであって、薬剤の塗布部の下端は針の根元から200μm以上であることを特徴とするマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 針長さは350μm以上、900μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は20μm以上、100μm以下であり、薬剤の塗布部を有し、生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイであって、薬剤の塗布部の最大直径が80μm以下であることを特徴とするマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 生体非溶解性高分子が、ナイロン、ポリカーボネート、ポリ乳酸、ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)共重合体、ポリグリコール酸、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、COP(サイクリックオレフィンポリマー)及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項1または2に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 薬剤の塗布部にヒアルロン酸、コラーゲン、デキストリン、デキストラン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、エチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩、アルギン酸、グルコース、スクロース、マルトース、トレハロース及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる水溶性物質が共存している、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
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WO2020100854A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-22 | コスメディ製薬株式会社 | 撥水コーティングマイクロニードルアレイ |
WO2020262473A1 (ja) | 2019-06-25 | 2020-12-30 | コスメディ製薬株式会社 | 針密度が不均一なマイクロニードルアレイ |
WO2021241486A1 (ja) | 2020-05-25 | 2021-12-02 | コスメディ製薬株式会社 | 高性能マイクロニードルアレイ |
WO2023042889A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-23 | コスメディ製薬株式会社 | 薬剤を塗布したマイクロニードルアレイ |
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- 2017-12-28 AU AU2017388969A patent/AU2017388969B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-28 CN CN201780074684.1A patent/CN110035792A/zh active Pending
- 2017-12-28 US US16/473,117 patent/US20190344062A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3563900A4 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
US20190344062A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
AU2017388969B2 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
EP3563900B1 (en) | 2023-06-21 |
CN110035792A (zh) | 2019-07-19 |
KR20190102178A (ko) | 2019-09-03 |
CA3047543A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
KR102483597B1 (ko) | 2023-01-03 |
JP2018108375A (ja) | 2018-07-12 |
EP3563900A1 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
AU2017388969A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
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