WO2018076836A1 - 一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统 - Google Patents

一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076836A1
WO2018076836A1 PCT/CN2017/094334 CN2017094334W WO2018076836A1 WO 2018076836 A1 WO2018076836 A1 WO 2018076836A1 CN 2017094334 W CN2017094334 W CN 2017094334W WO 2018076836 A1 WO2018076836 A1 WO 2018076836A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cargo
loading device
cargo loading
running
lifting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/094334
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏利杰
黄恒
彭全海
胡跃明
孙先俊
蔡帆
张楠
徐力
刘志强
冯志
黎巧能
Original Assignee
中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车长江车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority to AU2017348146A priority Critical patent/AU2017348146B2/en
Priority to SG11201807463YA priority patent/SG11201807463YA/en
Priority to EP17865269.9A priority patent/EP3428093B1/en
Priority to BR112018069262-0A priority patent/BR112018069262B1/pt
Publication of WO2018076836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076836A1/zh
Priority to ZA2019/03265A priority patent/ZA201903265B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/04—Monorail systems
    • B61B13/06—Saddle or like balanced type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/20—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for forwarding containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G63/00—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations
    • B65G63/04—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations with essentially-horizontal transit by bridges equipped with conveyors
    • B65G63/042—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations with essentially-horizontal transit by bridges equipped with conveyors for articles
    • B65G63/045—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations with essentially-horizontal transit by bridges equipped with conveyors for articles for containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cargo transportation, in particular to an air track multimodal intermodal communication system.
  • Multi-modal operation is a high-efficiency transportation mode and represents the development direction of the logistics industry.
  • 2014-2020 National Medium- and Long-Term Plan for Logistics Industry Development
  • 18 mentioned the development of multimodal transport and the multimodal transport to the strategic level of logistics development.
  • the “13th Five-Year” development plan of the Ministry of Transport clearly puts forward the development goal of “seamless connection” of freight transportation, pointing out that it is vigorously developing multi-modal transport technology and equipment, focusing on building efficient facilities, fast hub transportation, information sharing and equipment.
  • the multi-modal transport organization system which integrates standard professional and service integration, focuses on the development of multi-modal transport system with cargo loading devices and semi-trailers as standard carrying units.
  • the multi-modal operation of cargo loading devices is an advanced mode of transportation and has become an important symbol of the internationalization of international freight transportation.
  • China's various modes of transportation for roads, railways, waterways and civil aviation have a large scale, but various modes of transportation are scattered and lack of organic connection.
  • the road cargo loading device transport truck (hereinafter referred to as the highway truck) is the only connecting tool for realizing short-distance transportation of cargo loading devices between ports and railways and aviation logistics centers.
  • the transportation mode is single, the transportation efficiency is low, and the ground transportation is Transportation has caused great pressure and environmental pollution, which has led to the slow development of the country's integrated multimodal transport and affects the development of the national integrated transportation system.
  • the application provides an air track multimodal intermodal communication system, which realizes the technical effect of multimodal transport between ports, railways and aviation logistics centers.
  • the present application provides an air track multi-modal interworking system, the air track multi-modal interworking system includes at least: an elevated column, a rail system, a cargo sports car, a switching device, and a processor;
  • the track beam is disposed on the elevated column
  • the cargo sports car is movably disposed on a rail beam of the rail system;
  • the switching device is adapted to transfer the cargo loading device from the transport vehicle to the cargo sports vehicle and load the cargo sports vehicle, or to unload the cargo loading device from the cargo sports vehicle and transport it to the vehicle ;
  • the processor is coupled to the utility vehicle and the switching device to control the transfer device to transfer the cargo loading device and control the freight after the cargo loading device is snapped onto the cargo moving vehicle Moving the car on the track beam;
  • the cargo loading device when it is required to operate the cargo loading device, the cargo loading device is transferred from the transportation tool to the cargo sports vehicle by the transfer device and loaded onto the cargo sports vehicle, and the processor controls the cargo sports vehicle in the Moving over the track beam, or the transfer device unloads and transports the cargo loading device from the utility vehicle to the vehicle.
  • the goods sports car comprises: a cargo sports car bogie, a suspension device, and an integrated spreader;
  • the bogie includes: two oppositely disposed frames, a cross member fixedly connecting the two frames, at least two running wheels, and a running wheel driving device; at least two of the running wheels are respectively rotatably disposed at the two places On the opposite surface of the frame; the running wheel driving device is fixed on the frame, and the running wheel driving device is connected to at least two of the running wheels for driving at least two of the running wheels to rotate;
  • One end of the suspension device is disposed on the beam and the other end is fixed on the integrated spreader
  • the hanging rail beam is mounted on the elevated solid, and the hanging rail beam is provided with two running rails;
  • At least two of the running wheels of the goods moving vehicle are respectively located on two of the running rails;
  • the processor is coupled to the running wheel drive.
  • the cargo sports car bogie further comprises: a plurality of guide wheels respectively fixed to the two frames, and a rotation plane of the guide wheel is perpendicular to a rotation plane of the running wheel.
  • the utility vehicle bogie further comprises: a plurality of stabilizing wheels mounted on opposite surfaces of the two frames.
  • the suspension device comprises a center pin, a top plate, an suspension arm, a mounting seat, the center pin is fixed at one end to the top plate, and the other end is disposed on the cross beam, and the suspension arm is disposed on the top plate and
  • the mount is fixedly connected to the integrated spreader between the mounts.
  • the integrated spreader comprises: a steel spreader body, a turn lock mechanism set and a spreader suspension device;
  • the group of the rotation lock mechanism includes a first rotation lock mechanism and a second rotation lock mechanism different in size from the first rotation lock mechanism;
  • the first rotation lock mechanism includes a first rotation lock and a first control motor, The first control motor controls the rotation of the first rotation lock;
  • the second rotation lock mechanism includes a second rotation lock and a second control motor, and the second control motor controls the rotation of the second rotation lock;
  • the controller is coupled to the first control motor and the second control motor.
  • the transport system further includes a switch that interfaces with the suspended track beam, the switch includes a movable curved travel stand and a straight walk frame, and a docking drive, the curved travel stand and the straight
  • the traveling frame is respectively provided with a curved traveling rail and a straight running rail, and the docking driving device drives the curved traveling frame and the straight traveling frame to move, so that the curved traveling frame or the straight traveling frame and the hanging traveling track Beam docking;
  • the controller is coupled to the docking drive.
  • the switching device comprises at least: a transport mechanism, a gripping mechanism and a lifting mechanism; the gripping mechanism places a cargo loading device on the transport mechanism; the transport mechanism transports the cargo loading device to The lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism lifts or lowers the cargo loading device; loading the cargo loading device onto the cargo moving vehicle or removing the cargo loading device from the cargo moving vehicle;
  • the conveying mechanism, the gripping mechanism, and the lifting mechanism are communicatively connected.
  • the conveying mechanism comprises at least: a first frame, a chain, a first rotating shaft set and a power output device; the first rotating shaft group is disposed on the first frame; each rotating shaft in the first rotating shaft group There is a gear; the chain is sleeved on the gear to drive each of the rotating shafts in the first rotating shaft set; and the power output end of the power output device is connected to the chain.
  • the switching device comprises a chassis, a lifting device, a lifting platform, a lifting drive device, a plurality of traveling wheels and a walking driving device;
  • the lifting device is connected between the chassis and the lifting platform;
  • the lifting drive device is connected to the lifting device, and the lifting device is driven to drive the lifting platform to rise or fall;
  • the plurality of traveling wheels are fixed under the chassis;
  • the travel drive device is fixed to the chassis, connected to the walking wheel, and drives the walking Wheel rotation
  • the processor is communicatively coupled to the elevation drive device and the travel drive device.
  • the ports and railways, the aviation logistics center are connected, the cargo loading device is transferred by the processor control transfer device, and the cargo moving vehicle is moved on the rail beam after the cargo loading device is attached to the cargo sports car, thereby realizing Multimodal transport between ports and railways, and aviation logistics centers.
  • the replacement of road cargo loading devices to transport trucks through rail systems not only improves transportation efficiency, but also reduces the pressure on ground transportation and protects the environment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air track multi-modal interworking system according to a preferred embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 and 3 are front and side views of the transportation system of the air track multimodal intermodal system of Fig. 1.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the goods moving vehicle of the transport system of Figure 2 placed on the track beam;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the bogie of the goods sports car of Figure 4.
  • 6 to 7 are a front view and a side view of the suspension device of the goods moving vehicle of Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 are schematic structural views of the integrated spreader of the goods moving vehicle of FIG. 4;
  • 11 to 12 are schematic structural views of a suspension rail beam of the transportation system
  • FIG. 13 to FIG. 15 are schematic structural views of a suspension ballast of the transportation system
  • 16-20 are structural schematic views of three embodiments of the transfer device of the air track multimodal intermodal system of FIG.
  • the embodiment of the present application realizes the technical effect of multimodal transport between a port, a railway and an aviation logistics center by providing an air track multimodal intermodal communication system.
  • the ports and railways, the aviation logistics center are connected, the cargo loading device is transferred by the processor control transfer device, and the cargo moving vehicle is moved on the rail beam after the cargo loading device is attached to the cargo sports car, thereby realizing Multimodal transport between ports and railways, and aviation logistics centers.
  • the replacement of road cargo loading devices to transport trucks through rail systems not only improves transportation efficiency, but also reduces the pressure on ground transportation and protects the environment.
  • the present application provides an air track multimodal transport. Interworking system. An airborne multimodal interworking system will be described below.
  • the air track multimodal interworking system includes at least: a transportation system, a switching device 32, and a processor.
  • the transport system includes a track system 30, a cargo sports car 40.
  • the goods moving vehicle 40 is movably disposed on the track beam 300 of the track system 30.
  • the adapter device 32 is used to transfer the cargo loading device 33 from the transportation vehicle to the cargo sports car 40 and load the goods.
  • the sports car 40, or the cargo loading device 33 is unloaded from the utility vehicle 40 and transported to the vehicle.
  • the processor is coupled to the utility vehicle 40 and the transfer device 32 to control the transfer device 32 to transfer the cargo loading device 33, and after the cargo loading device 33 is snapped onto the sport utility vehicle 40, the cargo sports vehicle 40 is controlled on the track beam. mobile.
  • the cargo loading device 33 when the cargo loading device 33 needs to be operated, the cargo loading device 33 is transferred from the transportation vehicle to the cargo sports vehicle 40 through the switching device 32 and loaded with the loading sports vehicle 40, and the processor controls the cargo sports vehicle 40 to move on the rail beam, or The transfer device 32 detaches the cargo loading device 33 from the goods moving vehicle 40 and transports it to the vehicle.
  • the transport system also includes an elevated column 360 and a suspended ballast 400 that interfaces with the track beam 300.
  • the number of the track beams 300 is two, and the two track beams 300 are disposed on opposite sides of the elevated column 360.
  • the upper left surface of the elevated stereo 360 is symmetrically opened with two track grooves.
  • the two track grooves pass through the front and rear ends of the elevated column 360, and the two hanging track beams 300 are installed in the two track grooves.
  • the column 360 can be conveniently and stably placed in the isolation belt of the road.
  • the sport utility vehicle 40 includes a utility vehicle bogie 330, a suspension device 350, and an integrated spreader 500.
  • the utility vehicle bogie 330 includes two oppositely disposed frames 331 , a cross member 332 fixedly connecting the two frames 331 , at least two running wheels 333 , and a driving device 334 .
  • the frame 331 is formed of a steel plate welded structure. Specifically, the beam 332 is coupled to the two frames 331 by welding.
  • At least two of the running wheels 333 are rotatably disposed on opposite surfaces of the two frames 331, respectively.
  • the number of the running wheels 333 is four, and two are set on each frame 331.
  • the running wheel 333 is placed on the running rail of the suspended rail beam.
  • the running wheel 333 is specifically a steel wheel.
  • the driving device 334 is fixed to the frame 331.
  • the driving device 334 is connected to at least two of the running wheels 333 for driving at least two of the running wheels 333 to rotate, so that the running wheel 333 is in the running track. Move, move the truck to move the car.
  • the processor is coupled to the drive device 334 for controlling the activation or deactivation of the drive device 334.
  • the number of the driving devices 334 is the same as the number of the running wheels 333, one driving device 334 drives one running wheel 333, and in other embodiments, one driving device 334 can be used to drive two at the same time.
  • the driving device 334 includes a motor 3341, a gear box 3342 that connects the motor 3341 and the running wheel 333.
  • the running wheel 333 is disposed on the output shaft of the gear box 3342, and the motor 3341 is coupled to the input shaft of the gear box 3342.
  • the motor 3341 is arranged laterally to meet the design requirements.
  • the motor 3341 is vertically arranged, which also satisfies the design requirements. But not limited to these two options.
  • the processor is coupled to the motor 3341.
  • the utility vehicle bogie 330 further includes a plurality of guide wheels 335, a plurality of stabilizing wheels 336, and at least two track cleaning devices 337.
  • the number of the track cleaning devices 337 is four.
  • a plurality of guide wheels 335 are respectively fixed to the two frames 331 for contacting with the guide rails where the running rails are located to define the running direction of the running wheels 333.
  • the plane of rotation of the guide wheel 335 is perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the running wheel 333.
  • the number of the guide wheels 335 is eight, and one frame 331 is provided with four, specifically by welding. It is fixed to the frame 331.
  • a plurality of stabilizing wheels 336 are mounted on opposite surfaces of the two frames 331, and the stabilizing wheels mainly serve to prevent tilting.
  • Two of the track cleaning devices 337 are fixed to the two frames 331, and the positions respectively correspond to the positions of the two running rails for cleaning the two traveling tracks during the running of the running wheel 333.
  • the track cleaning device is welded to the end of the frame 331.
  • the track sweeping device 337 can also be fixed to the beam 332.
  • the running wheel 333, the guiding wheel 335 and the stabilizing wheel 336 are all made of a rimless steel wheel.
  • the suspension device 350 includes a center pin 351, a top plate 352, a suspension arm 353, and a mounting seat 355.
  • the center pin 351 is fixed at one end to the top plate 352, and the other end is rotatably disposed on the beam 332 to extend the suspension device 350. It is placed on the bogie 330 of the sports car.
  • the suspension arm 353 is disposed between the top plate 352 and the mounting seat 355, and the mounting seat 355 is fixedly connected to the integrated spreader 500.
  • the integrated spreader 500 includes a steel spreader body 51, a lock mechanism set 52, and a suspension device 53.
  • the steel spreader body 51 is specifically made of a steel material, and the steel spreader body 51 is made of a steel material to increase the strength of the spreader and increase the upper limit of gravity that can be withstood.
  • the steel spreader body 51 includes at least two side beams 5101, at least two first beams 5102, at least two support beams 5103, and at least two second beams 5104.
  • the number of the side members 5101 is two. In other embodiments, the number of the side members 5101 may be three, four or more. The specific number can be set according to structural strength requirements and structural design. Specifically, each of the at least two side sills 5101 includes an upper cover, a lower cover, and is fixed to the upper cover and the The double webs between the covers are described.
  • the at least two second beams 5104 are respectively disposed at two ends of the at least two side beams 5101, and each of the at least two second beams 5104 and the at least two side beams The opposite ends of the 5101 are fixedly connected.
  • the at least two beams 5104 are hollow structures, and in other embodiments, the at least two beams 5104 may also be disposed in a solid structure.
  • the at least two first beams 5102 are located between the at least two second beams 5104, and each of the at least two first beams 5102 is fixed to the at least two side beams 5101 connection.
  • the at least two second beams 5104 and the at least two first beams 5102 are disposed in parallel and perpendicular to the at least two side beams 5101.
  • the at least two second beams 5104 and the at least two first beams 5102 may also be disposed with an angle, and the at least two second beams 5104 and the at least two The first beam 5102 and the at least two side beams 5101 may also be disposed not perpendicular, as long as the two ends of the at least two second beams 5104 and the at least two first beams 5102 are respectively fixed to the At least two side beams 5101 can be used.
  • the at least first beam 5102 has a hollow structure, and in other embodiments, the at least first beam 5102 may also be provided in a solid structure.
  • the at least two support beams 5103 are respectively disposed between the at least two second beams 5104 and the adjacent second beams 5104 and the first beams 5102 of the at least two first beams 5102. Specifically, the at least two support beams 5103 are provided with a buckle.
  • the suspension device 53 is fixed to the at least two support beams 5103, and carries the gravity of the spreader body 51 and the cargo loading device fixed to the spreader body.
  • the rotation lock mechanism group 52 includes a first rotation lock mechanism 521 and a second rotation lock mechanism 522. Where The first rotation mechanism 521 and the second rotation mechanism 522 are connected to the first rotation mechanism 521 and the second rotation mechanism 522 to lock or separate from the container.
  • the first rotation lock mechanism 521 includes a first rotation lock 5211 and a first control motor 5215 for locking the cargo loading device that needs to be lifted.
  • the first control motor 5215 controls the first twist lock 5211 to rotate to lock onto the cargo loading device.
  • the processor is coupled to the first control motor 5215 for controlling the first control motor 5215 to be turned on or off.
  • the first rotation lock mechanism 521 further includes a first transmission rod 5212, a first transmission mechanism 5213, and a first connecting rod 5214.
  • the first rotary lock 5211, the first transmission rod 5212, the first transmission mechanism 5213, the first connecting rod 5214 and the first control motor 5215 are sequentially connected.
  • the first transmission rod 5212 is disposed on the second beam 5104.
  • the first control motor 5215 When the first control motor 5215 is activated, the first transmission rod 5222 and the first rotation lock 5211 are rotated by the first connecting rod 5214 and the first transmission mechanism 5213 to complete the action of locking the cargo loading device to be lifted. It is convenient for lifting cargo loading devices.
  • the second beam 5104 is a hollow structure, and the first transmission rod 5212 is disposed in the second beam 5104. In other embodiments, when the second beam 5104 is a solid structure.
  • the first transmission rod 5212 can also be directly disposed on the second beam 5104.
  • the second rotation lock mechanism 522 includes a second rotation lock 5221 and a second control motor 5225.
  • the second twist lock 5221 is used to lock the cargo loading device that needs to be lifted.
  • the second control motor 5225 controls the second twist lock 5221 to rotate to lock onto the cargo loading device.
  • the processor is coupled to the second control motor 5225 for controlling the second control motor 5225 to be turned on or off.
  • the second rotation lock mechanism 522 further includes a second transmission rod 5222, a second transmission mechanism 5223, and a second connecting rod 5224.
  • the second rotation lock 5221 and the second transmission rod 5222 The second transmission mechanism 5223, the second connecting rod 5224, and the second control motor 5225 are sequentially connected.
  • the second transmission rod 5222 is disposed on the first beam 5102.
  • the second control motor 5225 When the second control motor 5225 is activated, the second transmission rod 5222 and the second rotation lock 5221 are rotated by the second connecting rod 5224 and the second transmission mechanism 5 223 to complete the cargo loading device lock that needs to be lifted.
  • the dead action makes it easy to lift the cargo loading device.
  • the first beam 5102 is a hollow structure
  • the second transmission rod 5222 is disposed in the first beam 5102.
  • the first beam 5102 is a solid structure.
  • the second transmission rod 5222 can also be directly disposed on the first beam 5102.
  • the length of the second connecting rod 5224 is different from the length of the first connecting rod 5214.
  • the length of the second connecting rod 5224 is smaller than the length of the first connecting rod 5214.
  • the length of the first connecting rod 5214 is suitable for lifting requirements of 40-foot and 45-foot cargo loading devices
  • the length of the second connecting rod 5224 is suitable for lifting of a 20-foot cargo loading device. Claim.
  • the lengths of the first connecting rod 5214 and the second connecting rod 5224 may be set to meet the lifting requirements of other sizes of cargo loading devices, and may be specifically set as needed.
  • the second rotation lock mechanism 522 is integrated with the spreader
  • the position of the lifting direction is higher than the first rotation lock mechanism 521, so that the second rotation lock mechanism 522 does not act on the second rotation lock mechanism when the first rotation lock mechanism 521 lifts the cargo loading device
  • the lifting operation of the 521 has an effect.
  • the suspended track beam 300 includes: two upper longitudinal beams 31 arranged in parallel, two lower longitudinal beams 37 arranged in parallel, a vertical coupling 36, a vertical oblique joint 35, and a rail support base. 39 and two walking tracks 310.
  • the two upper longitudinal beams 31 and the two lower longitudinal beams 37 are all made of H-shaped steel. In other embodiments, the two upper longitudinal beams 31 and the two lower longitudinal beams 37 may be round steel or square steel. Made.
  • the two upper longitudinal beams 31 are fixedly connected by a plurality of lateral stabilizing ribs 32.
  • the connection between the upper longitudinal beam 31 and the lateral stabilizing ribs 32 is a welded structure.
  • the upper longitudinal beam 31 and the lateral stabilizer rib 32 may be fixedly connected by riveting, screwing or the like.
  • the vertical coupling 36 vertically connects the corresponding upper longitudinal beam 31 and the lower longitudinal beam 37, and the vertical oblique joint 35 obliquely fixedly connects the corresponding upper longitudinal beam 31 and lower longitudinal beam 37.
  • the vertical joint 36 and the vertical diagonal joint 35 are connected to the upper longitudinal beam 31 and the lower longitudinal beam 37 by a connecting plate 33.
  • the vertical joint 36 and the The vertical diagonal link 35 is directly connected to the upper longitudinal beam 31 and the lower longitudinal beam 37.
  • the lower longitudinal beam 37 and the vertical coupling 36 and the vertical oblique joint 35 are riveted structures.
  • the upper longitudinal beam 31 and the vertical coupling 36 and the vertical oblique joint 35 may be welded. It can also be connected by bolts or the like.
  • the track support base 39 is fixed on the side of the two lower longitudinal beams 37 away from the upper longitudinal beam 31. In the embodiment, the track support base 39 and the two lower longitudinal beams 37 are disposed between the two. Longitudinal coupling 38. In the present embodiment, the longitudinal coupling 38 and the lower longitudinal beam 37 and the rail support 39 They are connected by rivets, and in other embodiments, they can be joined by welding or screwing.
  • the rail support base 39 is provided with two support plates 391 opposite to the two lower longitudinal beams 37, respectively.
  • the rail support base 39 has a hollow structure.
  • the rail support base 39 may be configured as a solid structure, and may be disposed as needed.
  • the two running rails 310 are respectively disposed on the two supporting plates 391 as the running rails of the collecting trolley.
  • a plurality of cargo sports cars can be disposed on the hanging track beam 300 at the same time to transport the cargo loading device to improve transportation efficiency.
  • the hanging ballast 400 includes two oppositely disposed supports 44 , a plurality of support beams 43 respectively fixed to the two of the supports 44 , and a running bracket 48 .
  • the processor is coupled to the drive unit 41 for controlling the activation or deactivation of the drive unit 41.
  • the support 44 is an L-shaped support, the two supports 44 are arranged in parallel, and a plurality of the support beams 43 are arranged in parallel.
  • a connection angle 45 is further disposed between the support 44 and the plurality of support beams 43.
  • the plurality of support beams 43 include two outer beams and an inner beam disposed between the two outer beams, the length of the inner measuring beams being smaller than the lengths of the two outer beams, and the two inner measuring beams and the suspended rail beams The two upper longitudinal beams are respectively butted.
  • the running bracket 48 is disposed between the two supports 44 and is located below the plurality of the support beams 43 and is fixed to the plurality of the support beams 43.
  • the running bracket 48 It is framed. Specifically, the running bracket 48 is fixed to the support beam 43 by a connecting plate 46 and a connecting angle 47, one end of the connecting plate 46 is fixed on the supporting beam 43, and the connecting angle 47 is fixed to the connecting plate. The other end of the 46 is between the running bracket 48.
  • the walker support 410 is movably disposed on the travel bracket 48 for movement relative to the travel bracket 48.
  • the running wheel support 410 is provided with a roller 42 on which the roller 42 is placed.
  • the drive device 41 provides power resources for the travel stand support 410 to move relative to the travel stand 48.
  • the drive device 41 includes a motor 417 and a lead screw 411.
  • the motor 417 is fixed to the running bracket 48.
  • One end of the lead screw 411 is connected to the motor 417, and the other end is screwed to the travel stand support 410 to form a thread pair between the lead screw 411 and the travel stand support 410 when the motor 417 is started.
  • the motor 417 drives the lead screw 411 to rotate, thereby driving the travel stand holder 410 to move relative to the running bracket 48 by a thread pair between the lead screw 411 and the travel stand holder 410.
  • the driving device 41 may also be a liquid cylinder, a cylinder or the like, and the cylinder of the cylinder or cylinder is fixed to the running bracket 48, and the piston of the cylinder or cylinder A rod is fixed to the travel stand support 410.
  • the threaded rod 411 and the traveler support 410 are not limited to being connected by a thread pair, and may be a manner in which the rack and pinion are engaged.
  • the motor 417 is specifically a servo motor, and the servo motor 417 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, so that the traveling frame support 410 moves linearly away from or close to the servo motor 417.
  • the beam frame 412 is fixed to the road frame support 410 and is located below the road frame support 410. When the road frame support 410 moves relative to the running frame 48, the beam frame 412 is moved.
  • the beam frame 412 includes an upper beam, a lower beam, and a connecting channel 49.
  • the upper beam is fixed on the traveling frame support 410 and is located above the traveling frame support 410.
  • the lower beam is located under the traveling frame support 410, and the lower beam is fixedly connected to the ground through the connecting channel 49.
  • the walker support 410 and the upper beam are described.
  • the number of the upper beam and the lower beam is plural, and both are arranged in parallel.
  • An arc running frame 414 and a straight traveling frame 415 are fixed below the beam frame 412 for docking with a hanging track beam for transporting an electric pick-up trolley carrying a cargo loading device, so as to facilitate the passage of the electric pick-up trolley carrying the cargo loading device. .
  • the driving device 41 is activated to move the straight traveling frame 415 between the two suspended track beams, connecting the two hanging track beams; at two suspensions with a certain angle
  • the driving device 41 is activated to move the straight traveling frame 415 between the two suspended rail beams and connect the two suspended rail beams to realize the connection between the two suspended rail beams.
  • the curved traveling frame 414 is provided with a curved traveling rail 413 for facilitating the movement of the utility vehicle
  • the straight traveling frame 415 is provided with a straight running rail 416 for facilitating the movement of the moving vehicle.
  • the control network center does not need to send the control information to control the driving device 41 to start, because at this time, the straight The traveling frame 415 is docked with the transport track of the cargo sports car, and the cargo sports car can pass directly; if the sports car needs an arc through the switch, the control network center needs to send control information, and the control drive device 41 needs to be started, and the drive device 41 drives the drive.
  • the traveling frame support 410 moves on the running bracket 48 to drive the straight traveling frame 415 and the curved traveling frame 414 to move relative to the running bracket 48, so that the straight traveling frame 415 and the electric driving
  • the transport track of the transport trolley is disengaged, and the curved travel frame 414 is docked with the suspended track beam of the cargo sports car, so that the utility vehicle can pass through the switch. The opposite is true.
  • an energy absorbing and anti-collision device is simultaneously provided to prevent an unexpected situation.
  • the impact on the consolidating vehicles ensures the safety of the consignment vehicles and the running cargo.
  • a safety cable is reserved between the cargo sports car and the integrated spreader 500 to ensure that the cargo loading device 110 does not fall under the condition that the suspension device 350 fails, and the operation is safe.
  • the power supply system of the motor 3341 is powered by a third rail contact type conductive rail.
  • the cargo sports car runs on opposite sides of the suspended track beam 300 on the elevated column 360, fully utilizing the air space, and does not affect the ground operation inside the port. The appearance of the cargo sports car can effectively solve the problems existing in the current port, and the structure Simple, safe and reliable.
  • the structure of the switching device 32 is at least as follows:
  • the switching device 700 includes at least: a transmitting mechanism, a grasping mechanism, and a lifting mechanism;
  • the picking mechanism places the cargo loading device on the transport mechanism;
  • the transport mechanism transports the cargo loading device to the lift mechanism;
  • the lift mechanism lifts or lowers the cargo loading device.
  • the processor is communicatively coupled to the transport mechanism, the grasping mechanism, and the lifting mechanism.
  • the transport mechanism includes at least: a first frame 71, a chain, a first rotating shaft set 72, and a power output device; the first rotating shaft set 72 is disposed on the first frame 71; and the first rotating shaft set 72
  • Each of the rotating shafts has a gear; the chain is sleeved on the gear to drive the rotating shafts of the first rotating shaft group 72; the power output end of the power output device is connected with the chain to drive the chain to rotate.
  • the signal output of the processor is communicatively coupled to the signal input of the power take-off.
  • the power output device is a motor.
  • the lifting mechanism includes at least: a telescopic mechanism 73 and a base; and the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 73 is connected to the base.
  • the signal output of the processor is communicatively coupled to the signal input of the telescoping mechanism 73.
  • the structure of the base is described.
  • the base includes at least: a second frame 74 and a second rotating shaft set 75; the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 73 is coupled to the second frame 74; and the second rotating shaft set 75 is disposed on the second frame 74.
  • the structure of the pedestal is further described.
  • the pedestal further includes at least: an sensing element for sensing whether the cargo loading device reaches a predetermined location; the sensing component is disposed on the pedestal.
  • the signal output of the sensing element is coupled to the signal input of the processor.
  • the sensing element includes: a displacement sensor and/or an infrared sensor or the like.
  • the elevating mechanism further includes at least: a distance measuring element for sensing the amount of expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism 73; and the distance measuring element is disposed on the telescopic mechanism 73 and/or the base.
  • the structure of the grasping mechanism includes at least: a telescopic arm 76, a first support rod 77, a second support rod 78, a first telescopic rod 79, a second telescopic rod 710, a third telescopic rod 711, and a suspension.
  • the first end of the first support rod 77 is fixedly coupled to the first frame 71, the second end of the first support rod 77 is hinged to the first end of the second support rod 78, and the second end of the second support rod 78 is The first end of the first telescopic rod 79 is fixedly connected to the first frame 71, the second end of the first telescopic rod 79 is hinged with the second support rod 78; the first end of the second telescopic rod 710 is The first end of the second support rod 78 is hinged, and the second end of the second telescopic rod 710 is hinged with the first end of the telescopic arm 76; the first end of the third telescopic rod 711 is fixedly connected with the first end of the telescopic arm 76, The second end of the third telescopic rod 711 is fixedly coupled to the second end of the telescopic arm 76; the second end of the telescopic arm 76 is coupled to the spreader 712.
  • the first telescopic rod 79, the second telescopic rod 710, and the third telescopic rod 711 may be pneumatic rods or hydraulic rods.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the driving manner of the telescopic rods. .
  • the controller In order to implement the automation function of the embodiment of the present invention, at least: the controller; the controller letter The input end is communicatively connected with the signal output end of the sensing element and the distance measuring component, the signal output end of the controller and the telescopic mechanism 73, the power output device, the first telescopic rod 79, the second telescopic rod 710, the third telescopic rod 711, The signal input end of the spreader 712 is communicatively connected.
  • the controller controls the telescopic mechanism 73, the power output device, the first telescopic rod 79, the second telescopic rod 710, the third telescopic rod 711, and the spreader 712 as needed.
  • the alarm device includes: a buzzer, an indicator light, and the like.
  • the transport mechanism is fixed on the ground directly below the track beam of the air track multimodal intermodal system, and the axis of the rotating shaft in the transport mechanism is perpendicular to the track, and the center of the transport mechanism
  • the line is in the same vertical plane as the centerline of the track.
  • the lifting mechanism is fixed on the concrete floor and arranged in the middle of the conveying mechanism. When the lifting mechanism is in the initial position, the second rotating shaft set 75 on the lifting mechanism is in the same horizontal plane as the first rotating shaft set 72 in the conveying mechanism.
  • the third telescopic rod 711 is extended to drive the telescopic arm 76 to extend, while the first telescopic rod 79 is shortened, and the second telescopic rod 710 is also shortened, so that the spreader 712 is moved directly above the cargo loading device.
  • the second telescoping rod 710 is then extended to cause the spreader 712 to descend to the lock of the spreader 712 to be inserted into the cargo loading device lifting position.
  • the second telescoping rod 710 is deactivated and the lock of the spreader 712 operates to grasp and lock the cargo loading device.
  • the first telescoping rod 79 is then elongated and the second telescoping rod 710 is shortened such that the cargo loading device is disengaged from the truck or railway to a certain height.
  • the third telescopic rod 711 is shortened to drive the telescopic arm 76 to move in the direction of the conveying mechanism. Then the first telescopic rod 79 is shortened, and the second telescopic rod 710 is extended to make the cargo loader The pieces land on the first set of shafts 72.
  • the spreader 712 is unlocked, the first telescopic rod 79 is extended, the second telescopic rod 710 is shortened, and the spreader 712 is pulled up to a certain height so that the spreader 712 is completely separated from the cargo loading device placed on the first rotating shaft set 72 and when the goods The loading device does not interfere with it when it is horizontally moved.
  • the first set of spindles 72 then begins to rotate, thereby causing the cargo loading device to move onto the second frame 74.
  • the sensing element senses the cargo loading device
  • the cargo loading device is completely located on the second frame 74.
  • the first rotating shaft group 72 stops working, the telescopic mechanism 73 starts the ascending motion until the station, and the cargo moving vehicle on the track of the air track multimodal interworking system grasps and locks the cargo loading device.
  • the telescopic mechanism 73 begins to make a descending motion up to the initial position. At this point, the entire process of transferring the cargo loading device from the truck or the railway to the airborne intermodal interworking system is completed.
  • the amount of expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism 73 can be measured by the distance measuring element, and the measured data can be transmitted to the controller to determine whether the telescopic mechanism 73 is malfunctioning. If the expansion mechanism 73 fails, the failure alarm is issued by the alarm device.
  • the cargo loading device is transferred from the airborne multimodal intermodal system to the truck or the railway, the movement process is reversed and will not be described here.
  • the symmetrical distribution of the grasping mechanism can be set in pairs as needed, thereby improving the stability of the grasping.
  • the structure of the switching device 32 is the same as that of the switching device 800.
  • the switching device 800 includes at least: a grasping mechanism and a lifting mechanism; the grasping mechanism loads the cargo.
  • the device is placed on the lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism lifts or lowers the cargo loading device.
  • the processor is communicatively coupled to the transport mechanism, the grasping mechanism, and the lifting mechanism.
  • the lifting mechanism includes at least a telescopic mechanism 83 and a base; and the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 83 is connected to the base.
  • the structure of the base is described.
  • the base includes at least a frame 84 and a support base 85.
  • the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 83 is coupled to the frame 84.
  • the support base 85 is disposed on the frame 84.
  • the structure of the pedestal is further described.
  • the pedestal further includes at least: an sensing element for sensing whether the cargo loading device reaches a predetermined location; the sensing component is disposed on the pedestal.
  • the signal output of the sensing element is coupled to the signal input of the processor.
  • the sensing element includes: a displacement sensor and/or an infrared sensor or the like.
  • the elevating mechanism further includes at least: a distance measuring element for sensing the amount of expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism 83; and the distance measuring element is disposed on the telescopic mechanism 83 and/or the base.
  • the structure of the grasping mechanism includes at least: a telescopic arm 86, a first support rod 87, a second support rod 88, a first telescopic rod 89, a second telescopic rod 810, a third telescopic rod 811, and a suspension.
  • the first end of the first support rod 87 is fixedly coupled to the first frame 81, the second end of the first support rod 87 is hinged to the first end of the second support rod 88, and the second end of the second support rod 88 is The first end of the first telescopic rod 89 is fixedly connected to the first frame 81, the second end of the first telescopic rod 89 is hinged with the second support rod 88; the first end of the second telescopic rod 810 is The first end of the second support rod 88 is hinged, and the second end of the second telescopic rod 810 is hinged with the first end of the telescopic arm 86; the first end of the third telescopic rod 811 is fixedly connected with the first end of the telescopic arm 86, The second end of the third telescopic rod 811 is fixedly connected to the second end of the telescopic arm 86; the second end of the telescopic arm 86 is connected to the spreader 812.
  • the first telescopic rod 89, the second telescopic rod 810, and the third telescopic rod 811 may be a pneumatic rod or a hydraulic rod.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the driving manner of the telescopic rod. .
  • the controller In order to implement the automation function of the embodiment of the present invention, at least: the controller; the signal input end of the controller is communicatively connected with the signal output end of the sensing element and the ranging component, and the signal output end of the controller
  • the signal input ends of the telescopic mechanism 83, the first telescopic rod 89, the second telescopic rod 810, the third telescopic rod 811, and the spreader 812 are communicatively coupled.
  • the controller controls the telescopic mechanism 83, the first telescopic rod 89, the second telescopic rod 810, the third telescopic rod 811, and the spreader 812 to operate as needed.
  • the alarm device includes: a buzzer, an indicator light, and the like.
  • the third telescopic rod 811 is extended to drive the telescopic arm 86 to extend, while the first telescopic rod 89 is shortened, and the second telescopic rod 810 is also shortened, so that the spreader 812 is moved directly above the cargo loading device.
  • the second telescoping rod 810 is then extended to cause the spreader 812 to descend to the lock of the spreader 812 to be inserted into the cargo loading device lifting position.
  • the second telescoping rod 810 is deactivated and the lock of the spreader 812 operates to grasp and lock the cargo loading device.
  • the first telescoping rod 89 is then elongated and the second telescoping rod 810 is shortened such that the cargo loading device is disengaged from the truck or railway to a certain height.
  • the third telescopic rod 811 is shortened to drive the telescopic arm 86 to move toward the lifting mechanism.
  • the first telescoping rod 89 is then shortened and the second telescoping rod 810 is extended to cause the cargo loading device to land on the frame 84.
  • the sensing element senses the cargo loading device
  • the cargo loading device is completely located on the frame 84.
  • the spreader 812 is unlocked, and the telescopic mechanism 83 starts the ascending motion until the station, and the cargo sports car on the track beam of the air track multimodal intermodal system grasps and locks the cargo loading device.
  • the telescopic mechanism 83 starts the descending motion to the initial position.
  • the entire process of transferring the cargo loading device from the truck or the railway to the airborne intermodal interworking system is completed.
  • the amount of expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism 83 can be measured by the distance measuring element, and the measured data can be transmitted to the controller to determine whether the expansion mechanism 83 is malfunctioning. If the telescopic mechanism 83 appears In case of obstacles, a fault alarm is issued through the alarm device.
  • the cargo loading device is transferred from the airborne multimodal intermodal system to the truck or the railway, the movement process is reversed and will not be described here.
  • the transfer device includes a chassis 99, a lifting mechanism 92, a lifting platform 910, a lifting drive device 914, a plurality of traveling wheels 93, a travel drive device 94, and a translation device 917.
  • the processor is communicatively coupled to the lift drive 914 and the travel drive 94.
  • the translation device 917 is movably disposed on the chassis 99.
  • the translation device 917 includes a translating plate 919 and a translational driving device 918, the translating plate 919 is located between the lifting mechanism 92 and the chassis 99, and one end of the translating driving device 918 is fixed to the translation. The other end of the plate 919 is fixed to the chassis 99, and the translation driving device 918 is used to drive the translation plate 919 to translate on the chassis 99.
  • the translation plate 919 is The moving direction is different from the moving direction of the chassis 99. Specifically, the moving direction of the translating plate 919 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the chassis 99.
  • the translational drive 918 can employ a liquid cylinder, a cylinder, or a combination of a motor and a rack and pinion.
  • the processor is coupled to the translating drive.
  • the lifting mechanism 92 is coupled between the translating device 917 and the lifting platform 910. By adjusting the lifting mechanism 92, the distance between the translating device 917 and the lifting platform 910 can be adjusted.
  • the elevating mechanism 92 has an X-shaped structure.
  • the lifting drive device 914 is connected to the lifting mechanism 92. After the lifting and lowering driving device 914 is activated, the lifting mechanism 92 is driven to drive the lifting platform 910 to rise or fall.
  • the lifting drive device includes a lifting motor 95, a hydraulic station 96 connected to the lifting motor 95, a hydraulic cylinder 915 connecting the hydraulic station 96 and the lifting mechanism 92.
  • the lifting platform 910 is configured to carry a cargo loading device.
  • the lifting platform 910 is a flat plate.
  • a surface of the lifting platform 910 opposite to the lifting mechanism 92, that is, a surface for carrying the cargo loading device, is provided with a first locking group 911, a second locking group 912, and two convex beams 913.
  • the first lock group 911 is specifically four bumps for engaging at the bottom of the cargo loading device to prevent the cargo loading device from being displaced relative to the lifting platform 910 due to vibration and steering during transportation.
  • the second lock group 912 is located outside the first lock group 911.
  • Two convex beams 913 are respectively located at two ends of the lifting platform 910 and are located outside the first locking group 911, and the second locking group 912 is disposed on the two convex beams 913, so that the first The height of the second lock group 912 is higher than the first lock group 911.
  • the manner in which the two convex beams 913 are disposed may be omitted.
  • the height of the second locking group 912 may be higher than the first locking group 911. .
  • the bottom of the 20-foot cargo loading device is snapped onto the first locking group 911, since the second locking group 912 is located at the first lock.
  • the outside of the head set 911 therefore, even if the second lock set 912 is positioned higher than the first lock set 911, it does not interfere with the 20-foot cargo loading device, thereby not transporting the cargo loading device Have an impact.
  • the cargo loading device having a large size such as 40 feet and 45 feet is placed on the lifting platform 910, since the second locking group 912 is positioned higher than the first locking group 911, 40 feet, 45 feet The bottom of the cargo loading device can also be snapped onto the second set of locks 912 without being affected by the first set of locks 911, thereby preventing relative displacement of the cargo loading device from the lift platform 910. At the same time, it can meet the requirements of transporting different size cargo loading devices.
  • a plurality of traveling wheels 93 are fixed under the chassis 99 for driving the transfer device to move when the pair of traveling wheels 93 rotate.
  • the number of the walking wheels 93 is four. They are not disposed at both ends of the chassis 99.
  • the travel drive device 94 is fixed to the chassis 99 and connected to the traveling wheel 93 for driving the traveling wheel 93 to rotate.
  • the number of the traveling drive devices 94 is the same as the number of the traveling wheels 3, one driving device 94 drives one traveling wheel 93, and in other embodiments, one driving device 94 can be used to drive the two traveling wheels 93, three.
  • the walking wheels 93, the four traveling wheels 93, and the like are performed.
  • the driving device 94 is specifically a motor, and the motor is powered by a battery.
  • the battery may be provided with a bottom portion or an upper portion of the chassis 99, and may be specifically set as needed.
  • the chassis 99 in order to increase the strength of the chassis 99, is an all-steel welded structure.
  • the chassis 99 includes at least two end beams 98, at least two side beams 97, a plurality of beams (not shown), and a bottom plate 916.
  • the two ends of the at least two end beams 98 are respectively connected to the two ends of the at least two measuring beams 97, and the plurality of cross beams are disposed between the at least two end beams 98, and the two ends are respectively opposite to the at least two sides Beam 97 is connected.
  • the bottom plate 916 is fixed to the at least two end beams 98, at least two side beams 97, and a plurality of beams. In other embodiments, the bottom plate 916 may not be provided.
  • the running directions of the plurality of traveling wheels 93 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the end beam 98.
  • the walking wheel 93 can be a rubber wheel or a universal wheel.
  • the kinetic energy supply mode of the transfer device can be powered by the super capacitor, and the speed electric pile is arranged at the starting position or the designated position.
  • the cargo loading device connection process for transporting the cargo loading device 33 from the port cargo loading device terminal to the cargo loading device logistics center such as railway, highway or aviation by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
  • the pick-up mechanism of the transfer device 32 of the loading bay picks up the port cargo loading device loading and unloading shore bridge from the port cargo loading device terminal to pick up the C0001# cargo loading device 33 (assuming that the cargo loading device 33 is numbered C0001#) And transporting the C0001# cargo loading device 33 to the loading point of the cargo loading device where the vehicle sports vehicle is parked by the conveying mechanism of the switching device 32, and then passing the switching device
  • the lifting mechanism of 32 lifts the C0001# cargo loading device 33 to an appropriate height;
  • the C0001# cargo loading device 33 is transferred from the cargo moving vehicle 31 by the lifting mechanism of the switching device 32 of the unloading station, and then the C0001# cargo loading device 33 is transferred to the conveying mechanism and the grasping mechanism of the switching device 32 to Pre-arranged on the road truck or railway cargo loading device transporter at the loading and unloading location. So far, the embodiment of the present invention ends the transportation process of the C0001# cargo loading device 33 from the port to the multimodal logistics center.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also transport the cargo loading device 33 from the cargo loading device logistics center such as railway, highway or aviation to the port cargo loading device terminal.
  • the specific operation process is opposite to the above operation process, and will not be described herein.
  • the port and rail, the air logistics center are connected by the track system 30, the cargo loading device 33 is transferred by the processor control switching device 32, and after the cargo loading device 33 is snapped onto the cargo sports car 31, the cargo sports car 31 is controlled in the track system. 30 moves, thus achieving multimodal transport between ports and railways, and aviation logistics centers.
  • the replacement of road cargo loading devices to transport trucks through rail systems not only improves transportation efficiency, but also reduces the pressure on ground transportation and protects the environment.
  • the embodiment of the invention realizes the interconnection between the distribution centers of various cargo loading devices by means of the air track system 30, and realizes the organic connection between the railway, water transportation, highway, aviation and other logistics systems. Fully achieve the "zero distance transfer, seamless connection" requirements, can fully release the ground transportation capacity.
  • the embodiment of the invention fully meets the national strategy of vigorously developing multimodal transport, and provides an overall solution for intelligent multi-modal transport and efficient transshipment of cargo loading devices.

Abstract

一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统，所述系统至少包括：高架立柱、轨道系统（30）、货运动车（40）、转接装置（32）、处理器；所述转接装置用于将货物装载器件（33）从运输工具转送到所述货运动车下并装载上所述货运动车（40），或将所述货物装载器件从所述货运动车上卸下并运送到运输工具上；所述处理器与货运动车（40）和转接装置（32）连接；通过轨道系统连接各港口和铁路、航空物流中心，通过处理器控制转接装置转运货物装载器件，并在货物装载器件卡接于货运动车上后，控制货运动车在轨道梁上移动，从而实现了港口和铁路、航空物流中心之间的多式联运。

Description

一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统 技术领域
本发明涉及货物运输技术领域，尤其涉及一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统。
背景技术
如何提高运输效率、降低物流成本已成为提升现代物流发展的重要问题。多式联运作为一种高效能的运输方式，代表了物流业的发展方向。在国家《物流业发展中长期规划(2014-2020年)》中，有18处提到了大力发展多式联运，把多式联运提到物流业发展的战略高度。此外，交通运输部“十三五”发展规划明确提出了货运“无缝化衔接”的发展目标，指出大力发展多式联运技术装备，着力构建设施高效衔接、枢纽快速转运、信息互联共享、装备标准专业、服务一体对接的多式联运组织体系，重点发展以货物装载器件、半挂车等为标准运载单元的多式联运系统。
货物装载器件多式联运作为一种先进的运输方式，已成为国际货运现代化的重要标志。目前我国公路、铁路、水运、民航的多种运输方式都具备了巨大规模，但各种运输方式分散发展，缺乏有机衔接。公路货物装载器件运输卡车(以下简称：公路集卡)是目前实现港口和铁路、航空物流中心之间货物装载器件短驳运输的唯一接驳工具，运输方式单一，运输效率低，并且对地面交通运输造成了极大的压力和环境污染，导致国家综合多式联运发展缓慢，影响国家综合交通运输体系的发展进程。
因此，“加快多式联运设施建设，构建能力匹配的集疏运通道，配备现代化的中转设施，建立多式联运信息平台”已成为国家构建多式联运体系亟待解决的关键问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统，实现了港口和铁路、航空物流中心之间多式联运的技术效果。
本申请提供一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统，所述空中轨道多式联运互通系统至少包括：高架立柱、轨道系统、货运动车、转接装置、处理器；
所述轨道梁设置在所述高架立柱上；
所述货运动车可移动地设置在轨道系统的轨道梁上；
所述转接装置用于将货物装载器件从运输工具转送到所述货运动车下并装载上所述货运动车，或将所述货物装载器件从所述货运动车上卸下并运送到运输工具上；
所述处理器与所述货运动车和所述转接装置连接，以控制所述转接装置转运所述货物装载器件，并在货物装载器件卡接于所述货运动车上后，控制所述货运动车在所述轨道梁上移动；
其中，在需要运转货物装载器件时，通过所述转接装置将所述货物装载器件从运输工具转送到所述货运动车下并装载上所述货运动车，处理器控制所述货运动车在所述轨道梁上移动，或者，所述转接装置将所述货物装载器件从所述货运动车上卸下并运送到运输工具上。
优选地，所述货运动车包括：货运动车转向架、悬挂装置、集成吊具；
所述转向架包括：两相对设置的车架、固定连接两个所述车架的横梁、至少两个走行轮、走行轮驱动装置；至少两个所述走行轮分别转动地设置于两个所述车架相对的表面上；所述走行轮驱动装置固定于所述车架上，所述走行轮驱动装置与至少两个所述走行轮连接，用于驱动至少两个所述走行轮转动；
所述悬挂装置一端设置于所述横梁上，另一端固定于所述集成吊具上
所述悬挂式轨道梁安装于所述高架立体上，所述悬挂式轨道梁上设置有两条走行轨；
所述货运动车的至少两个所述走行轮分别位于两条所述走行轨上；
所述处理器与所述走行轮驱动装置连接。
优选地，所述货运动车转向架还包括：分别固定于两个所述车架上多个导向轮，所述导向轮的转动平面与所述走行轮的转动平面垂直。
优选地，所述货运动车转向架还包括：安装两所述车架相对的表面上多个稳定轮。
优选地，所述悬挂装置包括中心销、顶板、悬挂臂、安装座，所述中心销一端固定于所述顶板上，另一端设置于所述横梁上，所述悬挂臂设置于所述顶板和所述安装座之间，所述安装座与所述集成吊具固定相连。
优选地，所述集成吊具包括：钢制吊具主体、转锁机构组和吊具悬挂装置；
所述转锁机构组包括第一转锁机构和与所述第一转锁机构尺寸不同的第二转锁机构；所述第一转锁机构包括第一转锁和第一控制电机，所述第一控制电机控制所述第一转锁转动；所述第二转锁机构包括第二转锁和第二控制电机，所述第二控制电机控制所述第二转锁转动；
所述控制器与所述第一控制电机和所述第二控制电机连接。
优选地，所述运输系统还包括与所述悬挂式轨道梁对接的道岔，所述道岔包括可移动的弧形走行架和直走行架以及对接驱动装置，所述弧形走行架和所述直走行架分别设置有弧形走行轨和直走行轨，所述对接驱动装置驱动所述弧形走行架和直走行架移动，以使得所述弧形走行架或直走行架与所述悬挂式轨道梁对接；
所述控制器与所述对接驱动装置连接。
优选地，所述转接装置至少包括：传送机构、抓取机构及升降机构；所述抓取机构将货物装载器件放置在所述传送机构上；所述传送机构将所述货物装载器件输送到所述升降机构处；所述升降机构将所述货物装载器件托起或放下；将货物装载器件装载上所述货运动车或将货物装载器件从所述货运动车上卸下；所述处理器与所述传送机构、所述抓取机构、所述升降机构通讯连接。
优选地，所述传送机构至少包括：第一框架、链条、第一转轴组及动力输出装置；所述第一转轴组设置在所述第一框架上；所述第一转轴组中的各转轴上有齿轮；所述链条套在所述齿轮上，带动所述第一转轴组中的各转轴转动；所述动力输出装置的动力输出端与所述链条连接。
优选地，所述转接装置包括底架、升降装置、升降台、升降驱动装置、多个行走轮和行走驱动装置；
所述升降装置连接于所述底架和所述升降台之间；
所述升降驱动装置与所述升降装置连接，驱动所述升降装置带动所述升降台上升或者下降；
所述多个行走轮固定于所述底架之下；
所述行走驱动装置固定于所述底架上，与所述行走轮连接，驱动所述行走 轮转动；
所述处理器与所述升降驱动装置、所述行走驱动装置通讯连接。
本申请有益效果如下：
通过轨道系统连接各港口和铁路、航空物流中心，通过处理器控制转接装置转运货物装载器件，并在货物装载器件卡接于货运动车上后，控制货运动车在轨道梁上移动，从而实现了港口和铁路、航空物流中心之间的多式联运。此外，通过轨道系统代替公路货物装载器件运输卡车，不仅提高了运输效率，而且还降低了对地面交通运输造成的压力，还保护了环境。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例。
图1为本申请较佳实施方式提供的一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统的结构示意图；
图2和图3为图1中空中轨道多式联运互通系统的运输系统的主视图和侧视图。
图4为图2中的运输系统中的货运动车置于轨道梁上的立体图；
图5为图4中货运动车的转向架的立体图；
图6-图7为图4中的所述货运动车的悬挂装置的主视图和侧视图；
图8-图10为图4中的所述货运动车的集成吊具的结构示意图；
图11-图12为所述运输系统的悬挂式轨道梁的结构示意图；
图13-图15为所述运输系统的悬挂式道岔的结构示意图；
图16-图20为图1中的空中轨道多式联运互通系统的转运装置三种实施方式的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例通过提供一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统，实现了港口和铁路、航空物流中心之间多式联运的技术效果。
本申请实施例中的技术方案为解决上述技术问题，总体思路如下：
通过轨道系统连接各港口和铁路、航空物流中心，通过处理器控制转接装置转运货物装载器件，并在货物装载器件卡接于货运动车上后，控制货运动车在轨道梁上移动，从而实现了港口和铁路、航空物流中心之间的多式联运。此外，通过轨道系统代替公路货物装载器件运输卡车，不仅提高了运输效率，而且还降低了对地面交通运输造成的压力，还保护了环境。
为了更好的理解上述技术方案，下面将结合说明书附图以及具体的实施方式对上述技术方案进行详细的说明。
为了解决了现有技术中为了提高装卸作业效率，需要配置更多的车辆和堆场、配置更多的生产人员,导致码头拥堵、场地不足的技术问题，本申请提供一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统。以下将分别对一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统进行说明。
如图1所示，所述空中轨道多式联运互通系统，至少包括：运输系统、转接装置32、处理器。所述运输系统包括轨道系统30、货运动车40。
所述货运动车40可移动地设置在轨道系统30的轨道梁300上。所述转接装置32用于将货物装载器件33从运输工具转送到货运动车40下并装载上货 运动车40，或将货物装载器件33从货运动车40上卸下并运送到运输工具上。
所述处理器与货运动车40和转接装置32连接，以控制转接装置32转运货物装载器件33，并在货物装载器件33卡接于货运动车40上后，控制货运动车40在轨道梁上移动。
其中，在需要运转货物装载器件33时，通过转接装置32将货物装载器件33从运输工具转送到货运动车40下并装载上货运动车40，处理器控制货运动车40在轨道梁上移动，或者，转接装置32将货物装载器件33从货运动车40上卸下并运送到运输工具上。
如图2和图3所示，所述运输系统还包高架立柱360以及与所述轨道梁300对接的悬挂式道岔400。所述轨道梁300的数目为两个，两个所述轨道梁300设置在所述高架立柱360的相对两侧。
高架立体360的上部下表面左、右部对称开设有两个轨道槽，两个轨道槽贯通高架立柱360的前、后端，两个悬挂式轨道梁300安装于两个轨道槽内，该高架立柱360可方便且安稳设置于道路的隔离带中。
如图4-图10所示，所述货运动车40包括货运动车转向架330、悬挂装置350、集成吊具500。
所述货运动车转向架330包括：两相对设置的车架331、固定连接两车架331的横梁332、至少两个走行轮333、驱动装置334。
在本实施方式中，车架331采用钢板焊接结构。具体地，横梁332与两车架331通过焊接相连。
至少两个所述走行轮333分别转动地设置于两个所述车架331相对的表面上。在本实施方式中，所述走行轮333的数目为4个，每个车架331上设置两 个走行轮333。所述走行轮333置于悬挂式轨道梁的走行轨上。具体地，在本实施方式中，所述走行轮333具体采用钢轮。
驱动装置334固定于所述车架331上，所述驱动装置334与至少两个所述走行轮333连接，用于驱动至少两个所述走行轮333转动，使得所述走行轮333在走行轨移动，带动货运动车转向架移动。所述处理器与驱动装置334连接，用于控制所述驱动装置334启动或者关闭。
在本实施方式中，所述驱动装置334的数目与所述走行轮333的数目相同，一个驱动装置334驱动一个走行轮333，在其它实施方式中，可以采用一个驱动装置334同时驱动两个、三个走行轮333。
所述驱动装置334包括电机3341、连接电机3341和走行轮333的齿轮箱3342。走行轮333设置在齿轮箱3342的输出轴上，电机3341与齿轮箱3342的输入轴连接。在采用一个电机341驱动两个走行轮333，电机3341横向布置，能够满足设计要求，同理，采用一个电机3341驱动一个走行轮333时，电机3341竖向布置，同样满足设计需求，本申请包含但不局限于这两种方案。具体地，所述处理器与所述电机3341连接。
所述货运动车转向架330还包括：多个导向轮335、多个稳定轮336和至少两个轨道清扫装置337，在本实施方式中，所述轨道清扫装置337的数目为具体四个。
多个导向轮335分别固定于两个所述车架331上，用于与走行轨所在的导向轨接触，以限定所述走行轮333的走行方向。在本实施方式中，所述导向轮335的转动平面与所述走行轮333的转动平面垂直。另外，在本实施方式中，所述导向轮335的数目为八个，一个车架331设置四个，具体通过焊接的方式 固定于车架331上。
多个稳定轮336安装两车架331相对的表面上，稳定轮主要起到防止倾斜的作用。
两个所述轨道清扫装置337固定于两个所述车架331上，位置分别与两条走行轨的位置对应，用于在走行轮333走行过程中，清扫两条走行轨。具体地，所述轨道清扫装置焊接于车架331的端部。在其它实施方式中，所述轨道清扫装置337也可固定于所述横梁332上。
具体地，所述走行轮333、导向轮335及稳定轮336均采用无轮缘钢轮。
所述悬挂装置350一端设置于所述横梁332上，另一端固定于所述集成吊具500上。悬挂装置350包括中心销351、顶板352、悬挂臂353、安装座355，所述中心销351一端固定于所述顶板352上，另一端转动地设置于所述横梁332上，以将悬挂装置350设置于货运动车转向架330上。所述悬挂臂353设置于所述顶板352和安装座355之间，安装座355与集成吊具500固定相连。
所述集成吊具500包括：钢制吊具主体51、转锁机构组52和悬挂装置53。
所述钢制吊具主体51具体为钢材料制成，通过将所述钢制吊具主体51采用钢材料制成，以增加所述吊具的强度，提高能够承受的重力上限。所述钢制吊具主体51包括至少两条侧梁5101、至少两条第一横梁5102、至少两条支座梁5103和至少两条第二横梁5104。
所述至少两条侧梁5101相对设置，在本实施方式中，所述侧梁5101的数目为两条，在其它实施方式中，所述侧梁5101的数目可以为三条、四条或者更多条，具体数目可以根据结构强度需求和结构设计进行设置。具体地，所述至少两条侧梁5101中每条侧梁包括上盖板、下盖板和固定于所述上盖板和所 述下盖板之间的双腹板。
所述至少两条第二横梁5104分别设置于所述至少两条侧梁5101的两端，且所述至少两条第二横梁5104中的每条第二横梁5104与所述至少两条侧梁5101的相对两端固定连接。在本实施方式中，所述至少两条横梁5104为中空结构，在其它实施方式中，所述至少两条横梁5104也可以设置为实心结构。
所述至少两条第一横梁5102位于所述至少两条第二横梁5104之间，且所述至少两条第一横梁5102中的每条第一横梁5102与所述至少两条侧梁5101固定连接。在本实施方式中，所述至少两条第二横梁5104和所述至少两条第一横梁5102平行设置，且与所述至少两条侧梁5101垂直。在其它实施方式中，所述至少两条第二横梁5104和所述至少两条第一横梁5102也可以设置为具有一定夹角的，且所述至少两条第二横梁5104和所述至少两条第一横梁5102与所述至少两条侧梁5101也可以设置为不垂直的，只要所述至少两条第二横梁5104和所述至少两条第一横梁5102的两端分别固定于所述至少两条侧梁5101上即可。
另外，在本实施方式中，所述至少第一横梁5102为中空结构，在其它实施方式中，所述至少第一横梁5102也可以设置为实心结构。
所述至少两条支座梁5103分别设置于所述至少两条第二横梁5104和所述至少两条第一横梁5102中相邻的第二横梁5104和第一横梁5102之间。具体地，所述至少两条支座梁5103设置有卡扣。
所述悬挂装置53固定于所述至少两条支座梁5103，承载所述吊具主体51以及固定于所述吊具主体上的货物装载器件的重力。
所述转锁机构组52包括第一转锁机构521和第二转锁机构522。所述处 理器与所述第一转锁机构521和第二转锁机构522连接，用于控制第一转锁机构521和第二转锁机构522与集装箱锁合或者分离。
所述第一转锁机构521包括第一转锁5211和第一控制电机5215，所述第一转锁5211用于锁死需要吊运的货物装载器件。所述第一控制电机5215控制所述第一转锁5211转动，以锁合于货物装载器件上。具体地，所述处理器与第一控制电机5215连接，用于控制第一控制电机5215启动或者关闭。
在本实施方式中，所述第一转锁机构521还包括第一传动杆5212、第一传动机构5213、第一连接杆5214。所述第一转锁5211、第一传动杆5212、第一传动机构5213、第一连接杆5214和第一控制电机5215顺次连接。所述第一传动杆5212设置于所述第二横梁5104上。第一控制电机5215启动时，通过第一连接杆5214、第一传动机构5213，带动所述第一传动杆5222及第一转锁5211转动，完成将需要吊运的货物装载器件锁死的动作，便于吊运货物装载器件。
在本实施方式中，所述第二横梁5104为中空结构，所述第一传动杆5212设置于所述第二横梁5104内，在其它实施方式中，当所述第二横梁5104为实心结构时，所述第一传动杆5212也可以直接设置于所述第二横梁5104上。
所述第二转锁机构522包括第二转锁5221和第二控制电机5225。所述第二转锁5221用于锁死需要吊运的货物装载器件。所述第二控制电机5225控制所述第二转锁5221转动，以锁合于所述货物装载器件上。具体地，所述处理器与第二控制电机5225连接，用于控制第二控制电机5225启动或者关闭。
在本实施方式中，所述第二转锁机构522还包括第二传动杆5222、第二传动机构5223、第二连接杆5224。所述第二转锁5221、第二传动杆5222、 第二传动机构5223、第二连接杆5224、第二控制电机5225顺次连接。所述第二传动杆5222设置于所述第一横梁5102上。所述第二控制电机5225启动时，通过第二连接杆5224、第二传动机构5 223，带动所述第二传动杆5222及第二转锁5221转动，完成将需要吊运的货物装载器件锁死的动作，便于吊运货物装载器件。
在本实施方式中，所述第一横梁5102为中空结构，所述第二传动杆5222设置于所述第一横梁5102内，在其它实施方式中，当所述第一横梁5102为实心结构时，所述第二传动杆5222也可以直接设置于所述第一横梁5102上。
所述第二连接杆5224的长度与第一连接杆5214长度不同。在本实施方式中，所述第二连接杆5224的长度小于所述第一连接杆5214的长度。在本实施方式中，所述第一连接杆5214的长度适用于40英尺和45英尺的货物装载器件的起吊要求，所述第二连接杆5224的长度适用于于20英尺的货物装载器件的起吊要求。在其它实施方式中，所述第一连接杆5214和第二连接杆5224的长度可以设置为满足其它尺寸的货物装载器件的起吊要求，具体可以根据需要进行设置。
进一步地，为了避免所述第一转锁机构521在使用时，所述第二转锁机构522干涉所述第一转锁机构521的操作，所述第二转锁机构522在集成吊具的起吊方向的位置高于所述第一转锁机构521，从而在所述第一转锁机构521吊运货物装载器件时，所述第二转锁机构522不会对所述第二转锁机构521的吊运操作产生影响。在所述第二转锁机构522吊运时，由于所述第一转锁机构521的转锁5211在所述第二转锁机构522的外侧，因此，所述第一转锁机构521不会对第二转锁机构522的吊运操作造成影响。
如图11-图12所示，所述悬挂式轨道梁300包括：两平行设置的上纵向梁31、两平行设置的下纵向梁37、竖向联接36、竖向斜联35、轨道支撑座39和两走行轨310。
在本实施方式中，两上纵向梁31和两下纵向梁37均为H型钢制成，在其它实施方式中，所述两上纵向梁31和两下纵向梁37可以为圆钢、方钢等制成。
所述两上纵向梁31通过多个横向稳定筋32固定连接，在本实施方式中，所述上纵向梁31与所述横向稳定筋32之间连接方式为焊接结构，在其它实施方式中，所述上纵向梁31与所述横向稳定筋32之间可通过铆接、螺钉连接等方式固定连接。
所述竖向联接36垂直固定连接对应的上纵向梁31和下纵向梁37，所述竖向斜联35倾斜固定连接对应的上纵向梁31和下纵向梁37。
具体地，所述竖向联接36和所述竖向斜联35与上纵向梁31和下纵向梁37之间均通过连接板33连接，在其它实施方式中，所述竖向联接36和所述竖向斜联35与上纵向梁31和下纵向梁37之间直接连接。在本实施方式中，所述上纵向梁31和竖向联接36及竖向斜联35之间，所述下纵向梁37和竖向联接36及竖向斜联35之间均为铆接结构，在其它实施方式中，所述上纵向梁31和竖向联接36及竖向斜联35之间，所述下纵向梁37和竖向联接36及竖向斜联35之间可为焊接方式连接，也可为螺栓等方式连接。
所述轨道支撑座39固定于所述两下纵向梁37上远离所述上纵向梁31一侧，在本实施方式中，所述轨道支撑座39与所述两下纵向梁37之间设置有纵向联接38。在本实施方式中，纵向联接38与下纵向梁37和轨道支撑座39之 间通过铆钉方式连接，在其它实施方式中，可通过焊接或者螺钉连接等方式进行连接。
所述轨道支撑座39上设置有分别与所述两下纵向梁37相对两支撑板391。在本实施方式中，所述轨道支撑座39为中空结构，在其它实施方式中，也可以设置为实心结构，具体可以根据需要进行设置。
所述两走行轨310分别设置于所述两支撑板391上，作为集运小车的走行轨。
所述悬挂式轨道梁300上可以同时设置有多个货运动车，以对货物装载器件进行运送，提高运输效率。
如图13-图15所示，所述悬挂式道岔400包括：两相对设置的支座44、两端分别固定于两个所述支座44上的多根支撑梁43、走行支架48、走行架支座410、驱动装置41、横梁架412、弧形走行架414和直走行架415。所述处理器与驱动装置41连接，用于控制所述驱动装置41启动或者关闭。
在本实施方式中，所述支座44为L形的支座，所述两个支座44平行设置，多根所述支撑梁43平行设置。在本实施方式中，为了增加所述支座44与所述支撑梁41之间连接的牢固性，所述支座44和所述多根支撑梁43之间还设置有连接角钢45。
所述多根支撑梁43包括两外侧梁和设置在两外侧梁之间的内侧梁，所述内测梁的长度小于两外侧梁的长度，所述两内测梁与悬挂式轨道梁上的两上纵向梁分别对接。
走行支架48设置于两个所述的支座44之间，并位于多个所述支撑梁43的下方，固定于多个所述支撑梁43上。在本实施方式中，所述走行支架48 为框形。具体地，所述走行支架48通过连接板46和连接角钢47固定于支撑梁43上，所述连接板46的一端固定于所述支撑梁43上，所述连接角钢47固定于所述连接板46的另一端和所述走行支架48之间。
走行架支座410可移动地设置在走行支架48上，以相对于所述走行支架48移动。在本实施方式中，所述走行架支座410上设置有滚轮42，滚轮42置于所述走行支架48上。
所述驱动装置41为所述走行架支座410相对于走行支架48移动提供动力资源。在本实施方式中，所述驱动装置41包括电机417和丝杆411。所述电机417固定于所述走行支架48上。所述丝杆411一端与电机417连接，另一端与走行架支座410螺纹连接，以在所述丝杆411和所述走行架支座410之间形成螺纹副，在所述电机417启动时，所述电机417驱动丝杆411转动，从而通过所述丝杆411和所述走行架支座410之间的螺纹副驱动所述走行架支座410相对于所述走行支架48移动。在其它实施方式中，所述驱动装置41也可以为液缸、气缸等其它的驱动装置，所述液缸或气缸的缸体固定于所述走行支架48上，所述液缸或气缸的活塞杆固定于所述走行架支座410上。另外，所述丝杆411和所述走行架支座410之间也不限于通过螺纹副进行连接，可以是齿轮齿条的配合方式。
另外，为了实现精确的定位，优选地，所述电机417具体为伺服电机，伺服电机417顺或逆时针旋转，使得走行架支座410作远离或者靠近伺服电机417的直线运动。
横梁架412固定于所述走行架支座410上，并位于走行架支座410下方，在所述走行架支座410相对于走行支架48移动时，带动所述横梁架412移动。 在本实施方式中，所述横梁架412包括上横梁、下横梁和连接槽钢49。所述上横梁固定于所述走行架支座410上，并位于走行架支座410上方，所述下横梁位于走行架支座410之下，所述下横梁通过连接槽钢49固定连接于所述走行架支座410和上横梁上。其中，上横梁和下横梁的数目为多个，均平行设置。
弧形走行架414和直走行架415固定于所述横梁架412的下方，用于与运输携带货物装载器件的电动集运小车的悬挂式轨道梁对接，以便于携带货物装载器件的电动集运小车通过。在位于一直线上的两悬挂式轨道梁需要连接时，启动驱动装置41，将直走行架415移动到两悬挂式轨道梁之间，连接两悬挂式轨道梁；在具有一定角度的两个悬挂式轨道梁需要连接时，启动驱动装置41，将直走行架415移动到两悬挂式轨道梁之间，连接两悬挂式轨道梁，从而实现两悬挂式轨道梁之间的连接。弧形走行架414上设置有便于货运动车运行的弧形走行轨413，直走行架415上设置有便于货运动车运行的直走行轨416。
假设初始位置为直走行架415与电动集运小车的悬挂式轨道梁对接，则在货运动车需要直线通过道岔时，控制网络中心不需要发送控制信息控制驱动装置41启动，因为，此时所述直走行架415与货运动车的运输轨道是对接的，货运动车直接通过即可；若货运动车需要弧线通过道岔，则控制网络中心需要发送控制信息，需要控制驱动装置41启动，驱动装置41驱动所述走行架支座410在所述走行支架48上移动，带动所述直走行架415和所述弧形走行架414相对于所述走行支架48移动，使得所述直走行架415与所述电动集运小车的运输轨道脱离，所述弧形走行架414与所述货运动车的悬挂式轨道梁对接，从而使得所述货运动车可弧线通过道岔。反之同理。
进一步地，在集成吊具500的两端同时配有吸能防撞装置，以防突发情况 对集运车辆的冲击，确保集运车辆及运行货物的安全。同样，在货运动车与集成吊具500之间预留有安全钢索，确保在悬挂装置350失效等情况下货物装载器件110不掉落，保证运行安全。
所述电机3341的供电系统，采用第三轨接触式导电轨进行供电。货运动车在高架立柱360上的两侧悬挂式轨道梁300上相向运行，充分利用空中空间，同时不影响港口内部地面作业，该货运动车的出现能够有效的解决目前港口所存在的问题，且结构简单、安全可靠。
所述转接装置32的结构至少有如下三种：
第一、如图16和图17所示，所述转接装置32的结构与所述转接装置700的结构相同，所述转接装置700至少包括：传送机构、抓取机构及升降机构；抓取机构将货物装载器件放置在传送机构上；传送机构将货物装载器件输送到升降机构处；升降机构将货物装载器件托起或放下。处理器与传送机构、抓取机构、升降机构通讯连接。
对传送机构的结构进行说明，传送机构至少包括：第一框架71、链条、第一转轴组72及动力输出装置；第一转轴组72设置在第一框架71上；第一转轴组72中的各转轴上有齿轮；链条套在齿轮上，带动第一转轴组72中的各转轴转动；动力输出装置的动力输出端与链条连接，驱动链条转动。处理器的信号输出端与动力输出装置的信号输入端通讯连接。
在本实施例中，动力输出装置为电机。
对升降机构的结构进行说明，升降机构至少包括：伸缩机构73和基座；伸缩机构73的伸缩端与基座连接。处理器的信号输出端与伸缩机构73的信号输入端通讯连接。
对基座的结构进行说明，基座至少包括：第二框架74及第二转轴组75；伸缩机构73的伸缩端与第二框架74连接；第二转轴组75设置在第二框架74上。
对基座的结构进行进一步说明，基座还至少包括：用于感应货物装载器件是否到达预定地点的感应元件；感应元件设置在基座上。感应元件的信号输出端与处理器的信号输入端连接。
在本实施例中，感应元件包括：位移传感器和/或红外传感器等。
对升降机构的结构进行进一步说明，升降机构还至少包括：用于感应伸缩机构73的伸缩量的测距元件；测距元件设置在伸缩机构73和/或基座上。
对抓取机构的结构进行说明，抓取机构至少包括：伸缩臂76、第一支撑杆77、第二支撑杆78、第一伸缩杆79、第二伸缩杆710、第三伸缩杆711及吊具712；第一支撑杆77的第一端与第一框架71固定连接，第一支撑杆77的第二端与第二支撑杆78的第一端铰接；第二支撑杆78的第二端与伸缩臂76铰接；第一伸缩杆79的第一端与第一框架71固定连接，第一伸缩杆79的第二端与第二支撑杆78铰接；第二伸缩杆710的第一端与第二支撑杆78的第一端铰接，第二伸缩杆710的第二端与伸缩臂76的第一端铰接；第三伸缩杆711的第一端与伸缩臂76的第一端固定连接，第三伸缩杆711的第二端与伸缩臂76的第二端固定连接；伸缩臂76的第二端与吊具712连接。
在本实施例中，第一伸缩杆79、第二伸缩杆710和第三伸缩杆711可以是气压杆，也可以是液压杆，本发明实施例对伸缩杆的驱动方式不做出具体的限制。
为了实现本发明实施例的自动化功能，还至少包括：控制器；控制器的信 号输入端与感应元件和测距元件的信号输出端通讯连接，控制器的信号输出端与伸缩机构73、动力输出装置、第一伸缩杆79、第二伸缩杆710、第三伸缩杆711、吊具712的信号输入端通讯连接。由控制器根据需要控制伸缩机构73、动力输出装置、第一伸缩杆79、第二伸缩杆710、第三伸缩杆711和吊具712工作。
为了实现本发明实施例的故障报警功能，还至少包括：报警设备；报警设备的信号输入端与控制器的信号输出端通讯连接。
在本实施例中，报警设备包括：蜂鸣器、指示灯等。
当本发明实施例在工作前，首先需保证传送机构被固定在空中轨道多式联运互通系统的轨道梁正下方的地面上，且传送机构中的转轴的轴线与轨道垂直，且传送机构的中心线与轨道的中心线在同一个垂直平面内。升降机构固定于混凝土地面上，且布置于传送机构中间。升降机构在初始位置时，升降机构上的第二转轴组75与传送机构中的第一转轴组72在同一水平面内。
通过本发明实施例将货物装载器件从集卡或铁路平车转接至空中轨道多式联运互通系统的过程包括：
第三伸缩杆711伸长，带动伸缩臂76伸出，同时第一伸缩杆79缩短，第二伸缩杆710也缩短，使得吊具712运动至货物装载器件的正上方。然后第二伸缩杆710伸长，使吊具712下降至吊具712的锁头插入货物装载器件吊装位置。第二伸缩杆710停止工作，吊具712的锁头工作，抓取并锁定货物装载器件。然后第一伸缩杆79伸长，第二伸缩杆710缩短，使得货物装载器件脱离集卡或铁路平车至一定高度。第三伸缩杆711缩短，带动伸缩臂76向传送机构方向运动。然后第一伸缩杆79缩短，第二伸缩杆710伸长，使货物装载器 件降落至第一转轴组72上。吊具712解锁，第一伸缩杆79伸长，第二伸缩杆710缩短，将吊具712拉升至一定高度使得吊具712完全脱离放在第一转轴组72上的货物装载器件且当货物装载器件做水平运动时，不会与之干涉。然后第一转轴组72开始转动，从而带动货物装载器件运动至第二框架74上。当感应元件感应到货物装载器件时，说明货物装载器件完全位于第二框架74上。这时第一转轴组72停止工作，伸缩机构73开始做上升运动直至工位，空中轨道多式联运互通系统的轨道上的货运动车抓取并锁定货物装载器件。伸缩机构73开始做下降运动直至初始位置。至此，货物装载器件从集卡或铁路平车转接至空中轨道多式联运互通系统的整个过程完成。这里需要说明的是，可以通过测距元件对伸缩机构73的伸缩量进行测量，并将测量到的数据发送到控制器，从而判断伸缩机构73是否出现故障。若伸缩机构73出现故障，则通过报警设备进行故障报警。
若货物装载器件从空中轨道多式联运互通系统转接至集卡或铁路平车，其运动过程与之相反，在此不再赘述。
这里需要说明的是，可以根据需要成对设置对称分布的抓取机构，从而提高抓取的稳定性。
第二、如图18所示，所述转接装置32的结构与所述转接装置800的结构相同，所述转接装置800至少包括：抓取机构及升降机构；抓取机构将货物装载器件放置在升降机构上；升降机构将货物装载器件托起或放下。处理器与传送机构、抓取机构、升降机构通讯连接。
对升降机构的结构进行说明，升降机构至少包括：伸缩机构83和基座；伸缩机构83的伸缩端与基座连接。
对基座的结构进行说明，基座至少包括：框架84及支撑台85；伸缩机构83的伸缩端与框架84连接；支撑台85设置在框架84上。
对基座的结构进行进一步说明，基座还至少包括：用于感应货物装载器件是否到达预定地点的感应元件；感应元件设置在基座上。感应元件的信号输出端与处理器的信号输入端连接。
在本实施例中，感应元件包括：位移传感器和/或红外传感器等。
对升降机构的结构进行进一步说明，升降机构还至少包括：用于感应伸缩机构83的伸缩量的测距元件；测距元件设置在伸缩机构83和/或基座上。
对抓取机构的结构进行说明，抓取机构至少包括：伸缩臂86、第一支撑杆87、第二支撑杆88、第一伸缩杆89、第二伸缩杆810、第三伸缩杆811及吊具812；第一支撑杆87的第一端与第一框架81固定连接，第一支撑杆87的第二端与第二支撑杆88的第一端铰接；第二支撑杆88的第二端与伸缩臂86铰接；第一伸缩杆89的第一端与第一框架81固定连接，第一伸缩杆89的第二端与第二支撑杆88铰接；第二伸缩杆810的第一端与第二支撑杆88的第一端铰接，第二伸缩杆810的第二端与伸缩臂86的第一端铰接；第三伸缩杆811的第一端与伸缩臂86的第一端固定连接，第三伸缩杆811的第二端与伸缩臂86的第二端固定连接；伸缩臂86的第二端与吊具812连接。
在本实施例中，第一伸缩杆89、第二伸缩杆810和第三伸缩杆811可以是气压杆，也可以是液压杆，本发明实施例对伸缩杆的驱动方式不做出具体的限制。
为了实现本发明实施例的自动化功能，还至少包括：控制器；控制器的信号输入端与感应元件和测距元件的信号输出端通讯连接，控制器的信号输出端 与伸缩机构83、第一伸缩杆89、第二伸缩杆810、第三伸缩杆811、吊具812的信号输入端通讯连接。由控制器根据需要控制伸缩机构83、第一伸缩杆89、第二伸缩杆810、第三伸缩杆811和吊具812工作。
为了实现本发明实施例的故障报警功能，还至少包括：报警设备；报警设备的信号输入端与控制器的信号输出端通讯连接。
在本实施例中，报警设备包括：蜂鸣器、指示灯等。
通过本发明实施例将货物装载器件从集卡或铁路平车转接至空中轨道多式联运互通系统的过程包括：
第三伸缩杆811伸长，带动伸缩臂86伸出，同时第一伸缩杆89缩短，第二伸缩杆810也缩短，使得吊具812运动至货物装载器件的正上方。然后第二伸缩杆810伸长，使吊具812下降至吊具812的锁头插入货物装载器件吊装位置。第二伸缩杆810停止工作，吊具812的锁头工作，抓取并锁定货物装载器件。然后第一伸缩杆89伸长，第二伸缩杆810缩短，使得货物装载器件脱离集卡或铁路平车至一定高度。第三伸缩杆811缩短，带动伸缩臂86向升降机构方向运动。然后第一伸缩杆89缩短，第二伸缩杆810伸长，使货物装载器件降落至框架84上。当感应元件感应到货物装载器件时，说明货物装载器件完全位于框架84上。这时吊具812解锁，伸缩机构83开始做上升运动直至工位，空中轨道多式联运互通系统的轨道梁上的货运动车抓取并锁定货物装载器件。伸缩机构83开始做下降运动直至初始位置。至此，货物装载器件从集卡或铁路平车转接至空中轨道多式联运互通系统的整个过程完成。这里需要说明的是，可以通过测距元件对伸缩机构83的伸缩量进行测量，并将测量到的数据发送到控制器，从而判断伸缩机构83是否出现故障。若伸缩机构83出现故 障，则通过报警设备进行故障报警。
若货物装载器件从空中轨道多式联运互通系统转接至集卡或铁路平车，其运动过程与之相反，在此不再赘述。
第三、如图19和20所示，所述转运装置包括底架99、升降机构92、升降台910、升降驱动装置914、多个行走轮93和行走驱动装置94、平移装置917。处理器与升降驱动装置914、行走驱动装置94通讯连接。
所述平移装置917可移动地设置在所述底架99上。具体地，所述平移装置917包括平移板919和平移驱动装置918，所述平移板919位于所述升降机构92和所述底架99之间，所述平移驱动装置918一端固定于所述平移板919上，另一端固定于所述底架99上，所述平移驱动装置918用于驱动所述平移板919在所述底架99上平移，在本实施方式中，所述平移板919的移动方向与所述底架99的移动方向不同，具体地，所述平移板919的移动方向与所述底架99的移动方向垂直垂直。所述平移驱动装置918可以采用液缸、气缸，或者电机和齿轮齿条的组合方式。处理器与平移驱动装置连接。
所述升降机构92连接于所述平移装置917和所述升降台910之间，通过调整所述升降机构92，可调节所述平移装置917和所述升降台910之间的距离。在本实施方式中，所述升降机构92为X形结构。
所述升降驱动装置914与所述升降机构92连接，在所述升降驱动装置914启动后，驱动所述升降机构92带动所述升降台910上升或者下降。所述升降驱动装置包括升降电机95、与升降电机95连接的液压站96、连接液压站96和所述升降机构92的液压缸915。
所述升降台910用于承载货物装载器件，在本实施方式中，所述升降台 910为平板状。所述升降台910上与所述升降机构92相背的表面，即用于承载货物装载器件的表面上设置有第一锁头组911、第二锁头组912、两凸梁913。所述第一锁头组911具体为四个凸点，用于卡设于货物装载器件的底部，防止货物装载器件在转运过程中由于振动、转向，与所述升降台910产生相对位移。所述第二锁头组912位于第一锁头组911的外侧。
两凸梁913分别位于所述升降台910的两端，并位于所述第一锁头组911的外侧，所述第二锁头组912设置于所述两凸梁913上，使得所述第二锁头组912的高度高于所述第一锁头组911。在其它实施方式中，也可以不采用设置两凸梁913的方式，如采用多个凸块的方式，也可以使得所述第二锁头组912的高度高于所述第一锁头组911。
从而尺寸较小如20英尺的货物装载器件置于升降台910上时，20英尺的货物装载器件底部卡设于第一锁头组911上，由于所述第二锁头组912位于第一锁头组911的外侧，因此，即便第二锁头组912的位置高于所述第一锁头组911，也不会与20英尺的货物装载器件发生干涉，从而不会对货物装载器件的运输产生影响。
若在尺寸较大如40英尺、45英尺的货物装载器件置于升降台910上时，由于第二锁头组912的位置高于所述第一锁头组911，因此，40英尺、45英尺的货物装载器件的底部同样可以卡设于所述第二锁头组912上，不会受到第一锁头组911的影响，从而使得在防止货物装载器件与所述升降台910产生相对位移的同时，能够满足转运不同尺寸货物装载器件的要求。
多个行走轮93固定于所述底架99之下，在所述对个行走轮93转动时，用于带动转运装置移动。在本实施方式中，所述行走轮93的数目为4个，分 别设置于所述底架99的两端。
行走驱动装置94固定于底架99上，与所述行走轮93连接，用于驱动所述行走轮93转动。在本实施方式中，行走驱动装置94的数目与行走轮3的数目相同，一个驱动装置94驱动一个行走轮93，在其它实施方式中，可以采用一个驱动装置94驱动两个行走轮93、三个行走轮93、四个行走轮93等方式进行。在本实施方式中，所述驱动装置94具体为电机，电机由蓄电池供电。蓄电池可设置有底架99的底部或者上部，具体可以根据需要进行设置。
在本实施方式中，为了增加所述底架99的强度，所述底架99为全钢焊接结构。具体地，所述底架99包括至少两端梁98、至少两侧梁97、多个横梁(图未标示)和底板916。所述至少两端梁98的两端分别连接所述至少两测梁97的两端，所述多个横梁设置于所述至少两端梁98之间，且两端分别与所述至少两侧梁97连接。所述底板916固定于所述至少两端梁98、至少两侧梁97、多个横梁之上。在其它实施方式中，也可以不设置所述底板916。进一步地，在本实施方式中，多个行走轮93运行方向与端梁98的长方向平行。
行走轮93可以采用橡胶轮或万向轮，转运装置的动能提供方式可由超级电容供电，在起始位置或指定位置布置速冲电桩。
通过本发明实施例将货物装载器件33从港口货物装载器件码头运输至铁路、公路或航空等货物装载器件物流中心的货物装载器件接驳作业过程如下：
(1)由装货处的转接装置32的抓取机构从港口货物装载器件码头接取港口货物装载器件装卸岸桥接取C0001#货物装载器件33(假定该货物装载器件33的编号为C0001#)，通过转接装置32的传送机构将C0001#货物装载器件33短距离运输至车辆货运动车停靠的货物装载器件装卸点，再通过转接装置 32的升降机构将C0001#货物装载器件33举升到适当高度；
(2)通过处理器控制轨道系统30上的货运动车31运行至该装卸点，再利用货运动车31的吊具29抓取C0001#货物装载器件33，并沿着轨道梁将C0001#货物装载器件33自动运输至多式联运物流中心货物装载器件指定卸货点；
(3)由卸货处的转接装置32的升降机构从货运动车31上接转C0001#货物装载器件33，再通过转接装置32的传送机构和抓取机构将C0001#货物装载器件33转运至预先停靠在该装卸位置的公路集卡或铁路货物装载器件运输车上。至此，本发明实施例对C0001#货物装载器件33从港口至多式联运物流中心的运输过程结束。
本发明实施例同样可以将货物装载器件33从铁路、公路或航空等货物装载器件物流中心运输至港口货物装载器件码头，具体作业过程与上述作业过程正好相反，此处不再赘述。
【技术效果】
通过轨道系统30连接各港口和铁路、航空物流中心，通过处理器控制转接装置32转运货物装载器件33，并在货物装载器件33卡接于货运动车31上后，控制货运动车31在轨道系统30上移动，从而实现了港口和铁路、航空物流中心之间的多式联运。此外，通过轨道系统代替公路货物装载器件运输卡车，不仅提高了运输效率，而且还降低了对地面交通运输造成的压力，还保护了环境。
本发明实施例借助于空中轨道系统30，实现了各种货物装载器件集散中心之间的互联互通，实现铁路、水运、公路、航空等物流体系之间的有机衔接， 完全达到“零距离换乘、无缝化衔接”要求，可以充分释放地面交通运输能力。本发明实施例完全契合国家大力发展多式联运的战略，为货物装载器件多式联运智能、高效转运提供了一种整体解决方案。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统，其特征在于，所述空中轨道多式联运互通系统至少包括：高架立柱、轨道系统、货运动车、转接装置、处理器；
    所述轨道梁设置在所述高架立柱上；
    所述货运动车可移动地设置在轨道系统的轨道梁上；
    所述转接装置用于将货物装载器件从运输工具转送到所述货运动车下并装载上所述货运动车，或将所述货物装载器件从所述货运动车上卸下并运送到运输工具上；
    所述处理器与所述货运动车和所述转接装置连接，以控制所述转接装置转运所述货物装载器件，并在货物装载器件卡接于所述货运动车上后，控制所述货运动车在所述轨道梁上移动；
    其中，在需要运转货物装载器件时，通过所述转接装置将所述货物装载器件从运输工具转送到所述货运动车下并装载上所述货运动车，处理器控制所述货运动车在所述轨道梁上移动，或者，所述转接装置将所述货物装载器件从所述货运动车上卸下并运送到运输工具上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述货运动车包括：货运动车转向架、悬挂装置、集成吊具；
    所述转向架包括：两相对设置的车架、固定连接两个所述车架的横梁、至少两个走行轮、走行轮驱动装置；至少两个所述走行轮分别转动地设置于两个所述车架相对的表面上；所述走行轮驱动装置固定于所述车架上，所述走行轮驱动装置与至少两个所述走行轮连接，用于驱动至少两个所述走行轮转动；
    所述悬挂装置一端设置于所述横梁上，另一端固定于所述集成吊具上
    所述悬挂式轨道梁安装于所述高架立体上，所述悬挂式轨道梁上设置有两条走行轨；
    所述货运动车的至少两个所述走行轮分别位于两条所述走行轨上；
    所述处理器与所述走行轮驱动装置连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述货运动车转向架还包括：分别固定于两个所述车架上多个导向轮，所述导向轮的转动平面与所述走行轮的转动平面垂直。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述货运动车转向架还包括：安装两所述车架相对的表面上多个稳定轮。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一权利要求所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述悬挂装置包括中心销、顶板、悬挂臂、安装座，所述中心销一端固定于所述顶板上，另一端设置于所述横梁上，所述悬挂臂设置于所述顶板和所述安装座之间，所述安装座与所述集成吊具固定相连。
  6. 如权利要求1-4中任一权利要求所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述集成吊具包括：钢制吊具主体、转锁机构组和吊具悬挂装置；
    所述转锁机构组包括第一转锁机构和与所述第一转锁机构尺寸不同的第二转锁机构；所述第一转锁机构包括第一转锁和第一控制电机，所述第一控制电机控制所述第一转锁转动；所述第二转锁机构包括第二转锁和第二控制电机，所述第二控制电机控制所述第二转锁转动；
    所述控制器与所述第一控制电机和所述第二控制电机连接。
  7. 如权利要求1-4中任一权利要求所述的所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述运输系统还包括与所述悬挂式轨道梁对接的道岔，所述道岔包括可移动的 弧形走行架和直走行架以及对接驱动装置，所述弧形走行架和所述直走行架分别设置有弧形走行轨和直走行轨，所述对接驱动装置驱动所述弧形走行架和直走行架移动，以使得所述弧形走行架或直走行架与所述悬挂式轨道梁对接；
    所述控制器与所述对接驱动装置连接。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述转接装置至少包括：传送机构、抓取机构及升降机构；所述抓取机构将货物装载器件放置在所述传送机构上；所述传送机构将所述货物装载器件输送到所述升降机构处；所述升降机构将所述货物装载器件托起或放下；将货物装载器件装载上所述货运动车或将货物装载器件从所述货运动车上卸下；所述处理器与所述传送机构、所述抓取机构、所述升降机构通讯连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述传送机构至少包括：第一框架、链条、第一转轴组及动力输出装置；所述第一转轴组设置在所述第一框架上；所述第一转轴组中的各转轴上有齿轮；所述链条套在所述齿轮上，带动所述第一转轴组中的各转轴转动；所述动力输出装置的动力输出端与所述链条连接。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的互通系统，其特征在于，所述转接装置包括底架、升降装置、升降台、升降驱动装置、多个行走轮和行走驱动装置；
    所述升降装置连接于所述底架和所述升降台之间；
    所述升降驱动装置与所述升降装置连接，驱动所述升降装置带动所述升降台上升或者下降；
    所述多个行走轮固定于所述底架之下；
    所述行走驱动装置固定于所述底架上，与所述行走轮连接，驱动所述行走 轮转动；
    所述处理器与所述升降驱动装置、所述行走驱动装置通讯连接。
PCT/CN2017/094334 2016-10-24 2017-07-25 一种空中轨道多式联运互通系统 WO2018076836A1 (zh)

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BR112018069262-0A BR112018069262B1 (pt) 2016-10-24 2017-07-25 Sistema interoperado de transporte multimodal à base de trilhos aéreos
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