WO2018074056A1 - アンテナ装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018074056A1 WO2018074056A1 PCT/JP2017/030230 JP2017030230W WO2018074056A1 WO 2018074056 A1 WO2018074056 A1 WO 2018074056A1 JP 2017030230 W JP2017030230 W JP 2017030230W WO 2018074056 A1 WO2018074056 A1 WO 2018074056A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- side wall
- flat plate
- back surface
- antenna device
- plate portion
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an antenna device including a ground plane which is a flat conductor member that is connected to an outer conductor of a coaxial cable and provides a ground potential.
- antenna devices such as a monopole antenna and a patch antenna have been described and developed as antenna devices including a ground plane (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the ground plane area when the area of the ground plane (hereinafter referred to as the ground plane area) is insufficient with respect to the wavelength of the radio wave to be transmitted / received, the mirror effect by the ground plane becomes insufficient. The gain in the radiation direction is reduced.
- the area of the ground plane is insufficient, the current leaked from the ground plane to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable (hereinafter referred to as leakage current) may increase and the gain may decrease.
- a ground plane having an area corresponding to the wavelength of the radio wave to be transmitted / received (hereinafter, the target radio wave) is required. Therefore, if the area of the ground plane is reduced for miniaturization, the characteristics of the antenna device will become unstable.
- the length per side of the ground plane is set to a half wavelength or more (for example, 0.75 wavelength) of the target radio wave in order to sufficiently stabilize the characteristics. It is generally known that there is a need to do.
- the antenna device is desired to be further downsized. There is also a demand to arrange other parts around the main plate. If the components are arranged around the ground plane, naturally, the area (hereinafter referred to as the antenna area) in the top view of the antenna device as a whole is increased by an area necessary for the arrangement of the additional components. On the other hand, if an attempt is made to reduce the area of the ground plane for the arrangement of additional parts, the gain as an antenna device will be reduced.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide an antenna device that can reduce the area of the ground plane while suppressing a decrease in gain.
- An antenna device includes a radiating element which is a conductor member electrically connected to an inner conductor of a coaxial cable, and a flat plate shape electrically connected to an outer conductor of the coaxial cable.
- the radiating element is arranged so as to face the flat plate portion at a predetermined interval or to stand up from the flat plate portion, and the shape of the flat plate portion is , Is a portion that is line-symmetric and has a length from a certain end to an end located on the opposite side through the axis of symmetry that is shorter than a half wavelength of a radio wave to be transmitted / received
- the radiating element has a shape having a narrowing region, and at least one of the two end portions parallel to the symmetry axis forming the narrowing region has a radiating element as viewed from the flat plate portion along the end portion. Side walls that are conductor members are provided in the direction that does not exist. To have.
- the side wall part which is a plate-shaped conductor member is provided in the direction which does not have a radiation element in the edge part of a narrowing area
- An antenna device includes a radiating element that is a conductor member electrically connected to an inner conductor of a coaxial cable, and a flat plate electrically connected to an outer conductor of the coaxial cable. And the radiating element is disposed so as to face the flat plate portion at a predetermined interval or to stand up from the flat plate portion, and the shape of the flat plate portion Is a shape having a linear first edge and a second edge facing each other, and the distance between the first edge and the second edge is shorter than the half wavelength of the radio wave to be transmitted and received. It is set, and at least one of the first and second edges is a conductor member along the edge and in a direction in which no radiating element is present when viewed from the flat plate. A side wall is provided.
- the above configuration can also reduce the area of the ground plane while suppressing a decrease in gain by the same operation as the first aspect described above.
- FIG. 1 is an overhead perspective view of the antenna device of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the antenna device
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna device taken along line III-III shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of the antenna device
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a general patch antenna.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the length of the ground plate in the Y-axis direction and the current distribution in the Y-axis direction.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing simulation results for the relationship between the length of the ground plate in the Y-axis direction and the gain;
- FIG. 1 is an overhead perspective view of the antenna device of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the antenna device
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna device taken along line III-III shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of the antenna device
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the antenna device of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the result of simulating the relationship between the height of the side wall, the length of the back surface, and the gain
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the effect of providing the side wall portion and the back surface portion.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the antenna device.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a modification of the ground pattern.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the ground pattern.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a modification of the antenna device, 15 is a rear view of the antenna device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the antenna device.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the antenna device.
- the antenna device 100 is generally configured to transmit and receive circularly polarized waves having a predetermined frequency according to the same operating principle as a known patch antenna.
- the antenna device 100 may be used for only one of transmission and reception.
- the radio wave to be transmitted / received may be designed as appropriate, and here, as an example, the radio wave is 1.575 GHz.
- the target radio wave may be designed as appropriate, and as another aspect, for example, a radio wave of 300 MHz, 760 MHz, 900 MHz, 5.9 GHz, or the like may be used.
- the frequency of the target radio wave is referred to as the target frequency
- the wavelength of the target radio wave is also referred to as the target wavelength.
- the antenna device 100 is connected to a radio device (not shown) via a coaxial cable, for example, and signals received by the antenna device 100 are sequentially output to the radio device.
- the antenna device 100 converts an electric signal input from the wireless device into a radio wave and radiates it into space.
- the wireless device uses a signal received by the antenna device 100 and supplies high-frequency power corresponding to the transmission signal to the antenna device 100.
- the antenna device 100 and the wireless device may be connected via a known matching circuit or filter circuit in addition to the coaxial cable.
- the antenna device 100 includes a patch pattern 10, a ground pattern 20, and a power feeding unit 30, as shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an appearance when the antenna device 100 is viewed from an obliquely upward direction (that is, an overhead perspective view), and FIG. 2 represents an appearance when the antenna device 100 is viewed from an obliquely downward direction. It is the figure (that is, perspective view).
- the upward direction for the antenna device 100 is a direction from the ground pattern 20 toward the patch pattern 10.
- the patch pattern 10 is a plate-like conductor member made of a conductor such as copper.
- the plate shape includes a thin film shape such as a foil.
- the patch pattern 10 is disposed so as to face the ground pattern 20 via a support member (not shown).
- the support member may be realized using a dielectric such as resin.
- the shape of the support member may be a plate shape, or may be a plurality of pillars that support the ground pattern 20 and the patch pattern 10 so as to face each other at a predetermined interval.
- the shape of the patch pattern 10 in a top view is a shape in which cutout portions 11 are provided in a pair of diagonal portions of a square.
- the notch 11 has a structure for emitting circularly polarized waves, and corresponds to a so-called degenerate separation element or perturbation element.
- the area of the portion cut from the original square by the notch 11 may be an area determined by a well-known degenerate separation method.
- the patch pattern 10 is provided with the notch 11 so that circularly polarized waves can be transmitted and received.
- a system in which feeding points are provided at two locations (so-called two-point feeding system) ) May be configured to transmit and receive circularly polarized waves.
- the length Lp of one side of the patch pattern 10 is electrically about half the target wavelength.
- the electrical length here is an effective length in consideration of a fringing electric field, a wavelength shortening effect by a dielectric, and the like. If the wavelength of the target radio wave is shortened by a support member (not shown), it is only necessary that the length of the shortened wavelength is half.
- the length of one side of the patch pattern 10 is the shape when the cutout portion 11 is ignored, that is, the length of one side in a square.
- the electrical length of the target wavelength (hereinafter referred to as ⁇ ) is assumed to be 50 mm due to the wavelength shortening effect of the support member.
- the length Lp of one side of the patch pattern 10 is set to a value (for example, 23 mm) slightly shorter than 25 mm that is a half wavelength (that is, ⁇ / 2) of the target radio wave in consideration of the influence of a fringing electric field or the like. It is assumed that it is set.
- the planar shape of the patch pattern 10 is a shape in which the cutout portion 11 is provided in a square shape, but is not limited thereto.
- the planar shape of the patch pattern 10 may be a rectangular shape, or may be a shape other than a rectangle (for example, a circle or an octagon).
- the patch pattern 10 is directly or indirectly connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable by the power feeding unit 30.
- the indirectly connected configuration includes a configuration connected via an impedance matching circuit, a filter circuit, and the like, and a configuration connected by electromagnetic coupling.
- the patch pattern 10 only needs to be electrically connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable.
- the patch pattern 10 corresponds to a radiating element.
- the X axis is an axis parallel to a certain side of the patch pattern 10
- the Y axis is an axis orthogonal to the X axis in a plane parallel to the patch pattern 10 including the X axis.
- the Z-axis is an axis that is orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis and has a direction from the ground pattern 20 toward the patch pattern 10 as a positive direction.
- the ground pattern 20 is realized using a conductor such as copper.
- the ground pattern 20 is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, and provides a ground potential (in other words, a ground potential) in the antenna device 100.
- the ground pattern 20 includes a flat patch facing portion 21 that faces the patch pattern 10, and a side wall portion 22 that is erected from a part of the edge of the patch facing portion 21 toward the side where the patch pattern 10 does not exist. And a back surface portion 23 disposed to face the patch facing portion 21 via the side wall portion 22. A connection point with the coaxial cable is provided in the patch facing portion 21. Therefore, the patch facing portion 21 corresponds to a flat plate portion.
- the direction in which the patch pattern 10 does not exist for the patch facing portion 21 corresponds to the negative direction of the Z axis. Since the side wall portion 22 is perpendicular to the patch facing portion 21 and the back surface portion 23 is provided so as to overlap the patch facing portion 21 in a top view, the ground pattern 20 when the antenna device 100 is viewed from above is provided.
- the area (hereinafter referred to as a ground area) matches the area of the patch facing portion 21.
- the patch facing portion 21 is formed in a rectangular shape having an edge portion parallel to the X axis and an edge portion parallel to the Y axis.
- the length Lx in the X-axis direction only needs to be set to ⁇ / 2 or more electrically.
- the length Lx in the X-axis direction is electrically set to ⁇ / 2 (that is, 25 mm).
- the length Ly in the Y-axis direction is set to a value (for example, 18 mm) that is electrically shorter than ⁇ / 2.
- an edge parallel to the X axis is referred to as a long edge
- an edge parallel to the Y axis is referred to as a short edge. This is because they correspond to the long and short sides of the rectangle, respectively.
- the patch facing portion 21 includes two long edges that face each other and two short edges that face each other. Of the two long edges, the long edge relatively positioned on the negative X-axis direction side is referred to as the first long edge, and the long edge relatively positioned on the X-axis positive direction is the second long edge. Part.
- Each of the first long edge portion and the second long edge portion corresponds to two end portions parallel to the axis of symmetry forming the narrowed region described in the claims. Note that the entire region of the patch facing portion 21 corresponds to the narrowed region described in the claims. Moreover, a 1st long edge part and a 2nd long edge part are corresponded also to the 1st edge part and 2nd edge part as described in a claim.
- the ground pattern 20 is arranged so that the center of the patch facing portion 21 overlaps the center of the patch pattern 10 in a top view.
- the patch facing portion 21 is longer than the patch pattern 10 in the X-axis direction, but shorter than the patch pattern 10 in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the patch facing portion 21 is an end portion in the X-axis direction when viewed from above. Only the patch pattern 10 protruded.
- the surface facing the patch pattern 10 is referred to as a patch facing surface, and the opposite surface is referred to as a back side surface.
- the shape (hereinafter referred to as a planar shape) of the patch facing portion 21 in a top view is a rectangular shape, but is not limited thereto.
- the patch facing portion 21 may be a line-symmetric shape such as a rhombus, a circle, a regular hexagon, a regular octagon, or the like.
- the circle includes an ellipse.
- the patch facing part 21 should just be substantially line symmetrical. Therefore, the shape in which the above-described various line-symmetrical shapes are provided with cuts, the shape in which the convex portions are provided, the shape in which the contour is formed in a meander shape, and the like are also included in the line-symmetrical shape.
- the side wall portion 22 is a rectangular plate-like conductor member that is erected along the long edge portion from the long edge portion of the patch facing portion 21 toward the negative Z-axis direction.
- the side wall portion 22 is disposed on each of the first long edge portion and the second long edge portion.
- the first side wall part 22A, the second side wall part 22A and the second side wall part 22 are arranged. It describes as side wall part 22B.
- 22 A of 1st side wall parts are the side wall parts 22 arrange
- 22B of 2nd side wall parts are the side wall parts 22 arrange
- the height H of the side wall portion 22 may be appropriately designed in accordance with the length ⁇ of the back surface portion 23 in the Y-axis direction.
- a portion of the side wall portion 22 joined to the patch facing portion 21 is referred to as an upper end portion.
- the end portion on the Z axis negative direction side that is, the relatively lower end portion
- the lower end portion is also parallel to the patch facing portion 21.
- the back surface portion 23 is a plate-like conductor member extending from the lower end portion of the side wall portion 22 so as to face the back side surface of the patch facing portion 21.
- the back surface portion 23 is formed in a rectangular shape along the lower end portion of the side wall portion 22.
- the back surface portion 23 is disposed at the lower end of each of the first side wall portion 22A and the second side wall portion 22B.
- positioned along the lower side edge part of the 1st side wall part 22A and the back surface part 23 arrange
- the first back surface portion 23A is a back surface portion 23 formed from the lower end portion of the first side wall portion 22A toward the lower end portion of the second side wall portion 22B.
- the end on the Y axis positive direction side in the first back surface portion 23A is not connected to any member and is an open end.
- the second back surface portion 23B is the back surface portion 23 formed from the lower end portion of the second side wall portion 22B toward the lower end portion of the first side wall portion 22A.
- the end on the Y axis negative direction side in the second back surface portion 23B is not connected to any member and is an open end.
- the length of the back surface portion 23 in the X-axis direction is equal to the length Lx of the side wall portion 22 and the patch facing portion 21 in the X-axis direction.
- the length ⁇ in the Y-axis direction of the back surface portion 23 may be determined by a test or the like according to the height H of the side wall portion 22 as described above.
- the sum of the length Ly of the patch facing portion 21 in the Y-axis direction and the value obtained by doubling the height H of the side wall portion 22 is set to be shorter than the half wavelength (that is, ⁇ / 2) of the target radio wave. .
- the total value of the length Ly of the patch facing portion 21 in the Y-axis direction, the value obtained by doubling the height H of the side wall portion 22 and the value obtained by doubling the length ⁇ of the back surface portion 23 (hereinafter referred to as total length). ) Is set to be longer than ⁇ / 2 of the target radio wave. That is, Ly, H, and ⁇ are set so as to satisfy the following expression.
- the height H is set to 2 mm.
- the length ⁇ is set to 6 mm. That is, the total length of this embodiment is set to 34 mm.
- the total length corresponds to the length (that is, the circumferential length) along the surface of the ground pattern 20 from the open end of the first back surface portion 23A to the open end of the second back surface portion 23B.
- the total length corresponds to the circumference described in the claims.
- the side wall portion 22 and the back surface portion 23 are provided on both of the two long edges provided in the patch facing portion 21. May be just.
- the power feeding unit 30 is configured to electrically connect the inner conductor of the coaxial cable and the patch pattern 10.
- the power feeding unit 30 is realized using a conductive pin (hereinafter, power feeding pin) 31.
- the power feed pin 31 is electrically connected to the center of the patch pattern 10 through a hole (not shown) provided at the center of the patch facing portion 21 provided in the ground pattern 20.
- connection point (hereinafter referred to as “feed point”) between the feed pin 31 and the patch pattern 10 may be provided at a position where impedance matching between the coaxial cable and the antenna device 100 can be achieved at the target frequency.
- the feeding point is provided at the center of the patch pattern 10, but it may be provided at another location.
- the state in which impedance matching is achieved is not limited to a perfect matching state, but includes a state in which loss due to impedance mismatching is within a predetermined allowable range.
- a connection point (hereinafter referred to as a ground point) between the outer conductor of the coaxial cable and the ground pattern 20 is provided in the vicinity of a hole through which the feed pin 31 provided in the patch facing portion 21 is passed.
- a direct coupling feeding method is adopted as a feeding method to the antenna device 100.
- an electromagnetic coupling feeding method using a microstrip line or the like may be adopted.
- the conventional patch antenna 100X has a configuration in which the side wall portion 22 and the back surface portion 23 are removed from the antenna device 100 of the present embodiment, and includes a patch portion 10X and a ground plate 20X.
- the patch portion 10X is a member corresponding to the patch pattern 10 of the present embodiment, and is formed with the same dimensions as the patch pattern 10.
- the ground plate 20X is a flat member connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. The length in the X-axis direction of the ground plate 20X is assumed to be formed at ⁇ / 2 of the target radio wave, as in the present embodiment.
- a broken line indicated by a symbol Ln1 in the figure is a straight line parallel to the Y axis passing through the center of the ground plate 20X, and a point indicated by a symbol M is an edge portion parallel to the straight line L1 and the Y axis (hereinafter referred to as a Y axis parallel edge Point).
- the intersection point M corresponds to the midpoint of the Y-axis parallel edge.
- L ⁇ in the drawing represents the length of the ground plate 20X in the Y-axis direction.
- FIG. 6A is a graph conceptually showing the current distribution in the Y-axis parallel edge.
- a standing wave is generated around the midpoint M at the Y-axis parallel edge.
- the current corresponding to the area indicated by the symbol Im in FIG. Thereafter, the protruding component) becomes an antiphase current.
- This protrusion component Im acts to radiate radio waves to the back side of the ground plate 20X. That is, when the length L ⁇ in the Y-axis direction is less than ⁇ / 2, the protruding component Im acts as an antiphase current, and the gain as an antenna is reduced.
- one side of the ground plate 20X is designed to be at least ⁇ / 2 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows a simulation result of a change in gain when the length L ⁇ in the Y-axis direction is changed in a state where the length in the X-axis direction of the ground plate 20X is set to ⁇ / 2. Yes.
- the circumferential length (that is, the total length) from the open end of the first back surface portion 23A to the open end of the second back surface portion 23B is set to be longer than ⁇ / 2. Therefore, current flows not only through the patch facing portion 21 but also through the side wall portion 22 and the back surface portion 23 as shown in FIG. Specifically, the protruding component Im is distributed from the side wall portion 22 to the middle of the back surface portion 23. Further, the antiphase component In is distributed in the remaining area of the back surface portion 23.
- FIG. 9 shows a simulation result of the gain when the length ⁇ of the back surface portion 23 is changed from 0 mm to 9 mm in the configuration in which the height H of the side wall portion 22 is set to 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm, respectively. .
- the dotted line represents the simulation result when the length L ⁇ of the ground plate 20X in the Y-axis direction is set to ⁇ / 2 in the patch antenna 100X shown in FIG. That is, the dotted line represents the simulation result of the conventional (in other words, basic) patch antenna 100X (hereinafter, basic patch antenna) including the ground plate 20X having a sufficient size.
- the patch antenna 100X in which the size of the ground plate 20X is set to the same size as the patch facing portion 21 has a configuration in which the side wall portion 22 and the back surface portion 23 are removed from the antenna device 100 of the present embodiment (hereinafter, the side wall portion back surface portion). None).
- a gain equal to or higher than that of the basic patch antenna can be realized by adjusting ⁇ at any H.
- ⁇ 8 mm
- H is set to 3 mm
- FIG. 10 shows the result of comparing the radiation directivity of the antenna device 100 of the present embodiment with the configuration without the side wall back portion.
- the solid line represents the radiation directivity of the antenna device 100 of the present embodiment
- the broken line represents the radiation directivity of the configuration without the side wall portion back surface portion.
- the side wall portion 22 and the back surface portion 23 are added to the patch facing portion 21 so that the gain can be increased even if the length Ly in the Y-axis direction of the patch facing portion 21 is set to less than half of the target wavelength. It can suppress that it reduces. Further, it is possible to improve the gain over the basic patch antenna by adjusting the height H of the side wall portion 22 and the length ⁇ of the back surface portion 23.
- the ground area in the above configuration corresponds to the area of the patch facing portion 21.
- the length Ly in the Y-axis direction of the patch facing portion 21 can be reduced by about 7 mm compared to the basic patch antenna. That is, according to the above configuration, the area can be reduced by about 28% compared to the basic patch antenna.
- another component can be arrange
- the patch opposing part 21, the side wall part 22, and the back surface part 23 which comprise the ground pattern 20 by bending one sheet metal.
- the side wall portion 22 and the back surface portion 23 may be formed of sheet metal and soldered to the patch facing portion 21.
- the patch facing portion 21 may be patterned on the surface of a printed circuit board by a known method such as an additive method or a subtractive method.
- the side wall portion 22 may be realized by arranging a plurality of conductive pins in a row. If the patch facing portion 21 is formed in a certain layer (for example, the front surface) of the printed circuit board and the back surface portion 23 is formed in another layer, the side wall portion 22 has a plurality of through vias connecting these two layers. It can be realized by arranging in a line along the edge of the patch facing portion 21.
- the ground pattern 20 may not include the back surface portion 23 as shown in FIG. In other words, the ground pattern 20 only needs to include the patch facing portion 21 and the side wall portion 22.
- the height H of the side wall portion 22 may be designed as appropriate. As long as the side wall portion 22 is provided, it can be confirmed by simulation that a higher gain can be obtained than an assumed configuration without the side wall portion 22.
- the length (so-called circumferential length) along the surface of the ground pattern 20 from the end on the Z-axis negative direction side of the first side wall 22A to the end on the Z-axis negative direction side of the second side wall 22B is as follows. It is preferable that the target radio wave is ⁇ / 2.
- the circumference in this modification 2 is Ly + H ⁇ 2. That is, it is preferable that Ly and H are set so that Ly + H ⁇ 2 electrically matches ⁇ / 2.
- the state of matching here is not limited to perfect matching, but includes substantially matching.
- the substantially equal range corresponds to a range in which a sufficient gain can be obtained as the antenna device 100, and may be about ⁇ 25%, for example.
- Ly2 represents the length of the filling region Ar in the Y-axis direction, and is set to Ly2 ⁇ / 2. Ly2 may be set to 0.36 ⁇ , for example.
- Lx2 represents the length of the filling region Ar in the Y-axis direction, and a specific value of Lx2 may be appropriately designed. However, as Lx2 is larger, the reduction amount of the ground plane area can be increased. In other words, Lx2 is preferably as large as possible. Of course, the upper limit of Lx2 is Lx1.
- the patch facing portion 21 is formed in a T shape, and in addition to the first side wall portion 22A and the second side wall portion 22B, a third side wall portion (hereinafter, third side wall portion) 22C is provided. It may be done.
- the length Lx in the X-axis direction can be reduced with respect to the basic patch antenna.
- symbol Ln2 in a figure represents the symmetry axis in the patch opposing part 21.
- the patch facing portion 21 is formed in line symmetry with respect to the axis of symmetry along the broken line Ln2. You may provide the back surface part 23 in each side wall part 22 shown in this modification 4.
- FIG. 1
- the patch facing portion 21 may be formed in a rectangular shape, and the side wall portion 22 may be provided on each of the four edges provided in the patch facing portion 21. That is, the ground pattern 20 may include a first side wall portion 22A, a second side wall portion 22B, a third side wall portion 22C, and a fourth side wall portion 22D.
- each of the second side wall 22B and the fourth side wall 22D is an adjacent side wall 22.
- CL shown in FIG. 15 represents the separation between the first side wall 22A and the second side wall 22B and between the first side wall 22A and the fourth side wall 22D.
- a predetermined gap CL is provided between the first sidewall portion 22A and the second sidewall portion 22B and between the first sidewall portion 22A and the fourth sidewall portion 22D so that they are not electromagnetically coupled. .
- the interval CL may be 1/100 or more of the wavelength of the target radio wave.
- the length Lx in the X-axis direction of the patch facing portion 21 can be reduced as compared with the fourth modification.
- the entire area of the patch facing portion 21 corresponds to the narrowing area Ar.
- a combination of the side wall portion 22 and the back surface portion 23 may be provided on each of the four sides of the patch facing portion 21 formed in a rectangular shape. That is, the ground pattern 20 may include a first back surface portion 23A, a second back surface portion 23B, a third back surface portion 23C, and a fourth back surface portion 23D. Each back surface portion 23 is formed to have a predetermined distance CL with respect to the adjacent back surface portion 23. Each back part 23 should just be formed in an isosceles trapezoid shape, for example.
- the number of the side wall parts 22 and the back surface parts 23 with which the antenna apparatus 100 is provided may be one each as shown in FIG. Moreover, you may be comprised so that only the side wall part 22 may be provided along one edge part of the patch opposing part 21 formed in the rectangular shape, without providing the back surface part 23.
- FIG. 1 the number of the side wall parts 22 and the back surface parts 23 with which the antenna apparatus 100 is provided.
- the side wall portion 22 may not be provided at the edge portion parallel to the symmetry axis of the line-symmetric figure.
- the patch facing portion 21 shown in Modification 4 is not line symmetric in the direction parallel to the Y axis.
- a configuration in which only the third sidewall portion 22C is provided without providing the first sidewall portion 22A and the second sidewall portion 22B may be employed. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the ground plane area and maintenance of the gain.
- two edges that are parallel to the Y axis and face each other also correspond to the first edge and the second edge described in the claims.
- the patch facing portion 21 is not necessarily a line-symmetric figure, and may be a shape provided with a pair of linear outer edge portions facing each other.
- the side walls provided on the first outer edge portion.
- the circumferential length from the end on the Z-axis negative direction side of the portion to the end on the Z-axis negative direction side of the side wall provided at the second outer edge portion is ⁇ / 2 of the target radio wave. preferable.
- the back surface portion 23 may be provided on the side wall portion 22. Temporarily, when providing the side wall part 22 and the back surface part 23 in each of a 1st outer edge part and a 2nd outer edge part, like the embodiment mentioned above, it is from the edge part of one back surface part to the other back surface part. It is preferable that the circumference is not less than ⁇ / 2 of the target radio wave.
- the present disclosure may be applied to a monopole antenna. That is, the present invention may be applied to a configuration in which a linear conductor member as a radiating element is erected on the ground pattern 20. In that case, the side wall portion 22 is provided toward a side opposite to the linear conductor member along a part of the edge of the flat conductor member (hereinafter referred to as a flat plate portion) corresponding to the patch facing portion 21. It only has to be.
- the present disclosure is applicable to an unbalanced feed type antenna using a flat conductor that provides a ground potential.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本開示の実施形態について図を用いて説明する。本実施形態に係るアンテナ装置100は、概略的には、周知のパッチアンテナと同様の動作原理によって所定の周波数の円偏波を送受信するように構成されている。もちろん、アンテナ装置100は、送信と受信の何れか一方のみに供されても良い。
ここでは一例として高さHは2mmに設定されている。また、長さγは6mmに設定されているものとする。すなわち、本実施形態の合計長は34mmに設定されている。合計長は、第1背面部23Aの開放端から第2背面部23Bの開放端までのグランドパターン20の表面に沿った長さ(つまり周長)に相当する。合計長が請求項に記載の周長に相当する。
側壁部22は、複数の導電性のピンを一列に配置することによって実現されていても良い。仮にパッチ対向部21をプリント基板の或る一層(例えば表面)に形成し、背面部23を他層に形成する場合には、側壁部22は、それら2つの層を接続する複数の貫通ビアを、パッチ対向部21の縁部に沿って一列に配置することによって実現されれば良い。
グランドパターン20は、図11に示すように背面部23を備えていなくともよい。換言すれば、グランドパターン20は、パッチ対向部21と側壁部22とを備えていればよい。側壁部22の高さHは適宜設計されれば良い。側壁部22が設けられてさえいれば、側壁部22を備えない想定構成よりも高い利得が得られることはシミュレーションによって確認できている。
以上では、パッチ対向部21の全領域のY軸方向の長さをλ/2未満とする構成を開示したが、これに限らない。図12に示すように一部のみを半波長未満としてもよい。図12に示すグランドパターン20は、X軸方向の中央部付近における、Y軸負方向側の端部からY軸正方向側の端部までの長さが、対象電波のλ/2よりも短く設定した構成である。パッチ対向部21は、破線Ln2を対称軸として線対称に形成されている。図12においてドットパターンのハッチングを施している領域Arが請求項に記載の幅詰領域に相当する。なお、図12では幅詰領域Arを明示するため、第1側壁部22Aは透過させている。
以上では、互いに対向するように2つの側壁部22を設けた構成を開示したが、これに限らない。図13に示すようにパッチ対向部21をT字形状に形成し、第1側壁部22A、第2側壁部22Bに加えて、3つ目の側壁部(以降、第3側壁部)22Cが設けられていてもよい。
また、図14及び図15に示すように、パッチ対向部21を矩形状に形成し、パッチ対向部21が備える4つの縁部のそれぞれに側壁部22を設けても良い。つまり、グランドパターン20は、第1側壁部22A、第2側壁部22B、第3側壁部22C、及び第4側壁部22Dを備えていても良い。
矩形状に形成したパッチ対向部21が備える4つの辺のそれぞれに、図16に示すように、側壁部22及び背面部23の組み合わせを設けても良い。つまり、グランドパターン20は、第1背面部23A、第2背面部23B、第3背面部23C、及び第4背面部23Dを備えていても良い。各背面部23は、隣接する背面部23に対して所定の間隔CLを有するように形成される。各背面部23は例えば等脚台形状に形成されれば良い。
さらに、アンテナ装置100が備える側壁部22及び背面部23の数は、図17に示すように、1つずつであってもよい。また、背面部23を備えずに、矩形状に形成されたパッチ対向部21の1つの縁部に沿って側壁部22を1つだけ備えるように構成されていてもよい。
なお、側壁部22は、線対称な図形が備える対称軸と平行な縁部に設けなくともよい。例えば、変形例4に示すパッチ対向部21はY軸と平行な方向においては線対称ではない。しかしながら、上述した変形例4に示すパッチ対向部21において、第1側壁部22A、第2側壁部22Bを設けずに、第3側壁部22Cのみを設けた構成を採用してもよい。そのような構成によっても地板面積の削減と、利得の維持を両立させることができる。
以上では、パッチアンテナに本開示を適用した態様を開示したが、これに限らない。例えば、本開示は、モノポールアンテナに適用してもよい。つまり、放射素子としての線状の導体部材が、グランドパターン20に立設されている構成に適用しても良い。その場合、側壁部22は、パッチ対向部21に相当する平板状の導体部材(以降、平板部)の縁部の一部に沿って、線状の導体部材とは反対側に向けて設けられていればよい。本開示は、接地電位を提供する平板状の導体を用いた不平衡給電型のアンテナに適用可能である。
Claims (11)
- 同軸ケーブルの内部導体と電気的に接続される導体部材である放射素子(10)と、
同軸ケーブルの外部導体と電気的に接続される平板状の導体部材である平板部(21)と、を備え、
前記放射素子は、前記平板部と所定の間隔をおいて対向するように、又は、前記平板部から立設するように配置されており、
前記平板部の形状は、線対称であって、かつ、或る端部から対称軸を介して反対側に位置する端部までの長さが送受信の対象とする電波の半波長よりも短く設定されている部分である幅詰領域を備える形状であり、
前記幅詰領域を形成する前記対称軸と平行な2つの端部のうち、少なくとも一方の端部には、当該端部に沿って、前記平板部から見て前記放射素子が存在しない方向に向かって導体部材である側壁部(22)が設けられているアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記側壁部は、前記幅詰領域を形成する前記対称軸と平行な2つの端部の両方に、それぞれ第1側壁部及び第2側壁部として形成されているアンテナ装置。 - 請求項2において、
前記第1側壁部及び前記第2側壁部の前記平板部に直交する方向における長さは、前記第1側壁部において前記平板部と接していない方の端部から、前記第2側壁部において前記平板部と接していない方の端部までの周長が、前記電波の半波長と一致するように設定されているアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記平板部に直交する方向において前記側壁部が備える端部のうち、前記平板部と接していない方の端部には、前記平板部と対向するように平板状の導体部材である背面部(23)が設けられているアンテナ装置。 - 請求項4において、
前記側壁部は、前記幅詰領域を形成する前記対称軸と平行な2つの端部の両方に、それぞれ第1側壁部及び第2側壁部として形成されており、
前記背面部は、前記第1側壁部及び前記第2側壁部のそれぞれに、第1背面部、第2背面部として設けられているアンテナ装置。 - 請求項5において
前記第1側壁部において前記平板部と接していない方の端部から、前記第2側壁部において前記平板部と接していない方の端部までの周長は前記電波の半波長よりも短くなるように、前記幅詰領域、前記第1側壁部、及び前記第2側壁部が形成されているアンテナ装置。 - 請求項6において
前記第1側壁部に設けられている前記背面部である第1背面部において前記第2側壁部が存在する側の端部から、前記第2側壁部に設けられている前記背面部である第2背面部において前記第1側壁部が存在する側の端部までの周長が、前記電波の半波長よりも長いアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1から7の何れか1項において、
前記平板部は、各辺の長さが前記電波の半波長未満に設定された長方形状に形成されており、
前記平板部の各辺に前記側壁部が設けられており、
或る前記側壁部と、その側壁部に隣接する前記側壁部との間には所定の離隔が設けられているアンテナ装置。 - 同軸ケーブルの内部導体と電気的に接続される導体部材である放射素子(10)と、
同軸ケーブルの外部導体と電気的に接続される平板状の導体部材である平板部(21)と、を備え、
前記放射素子は、前記平板部と所定の間隔をおいて対向するように、又は、前記平板部から立設するように配置されており、
前記平板部の形状は、互いに対向し合う直線状の第1縁部と第2縁部を備える形状であり、
前記第1縁部と前記第2縁部との距離は、送受信の対象とする電波の半波長よりも短く設定されており、
前記第1縁部及び前記第2縁部のうち、少なくとも一方の縁部には、当該縁部に沿い、かつ、前記平板部から見て前記放射素子が存在しない方向に向かって、導体部材である側壁部(22)が設けられているアンテナ装置。 - 請求項9において、
前記平板部に直交する方向において前記側壁部が備える端部のうち、前記平板部と接していない方の端部には、前記平板部と対向するように平板状の導体部材である背面部(23)が設けられているアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1から9の何れか1項において、
前記放射素子は前記平板部に対して平行に配置されており、
パッチアンテナとして動作するように構成されているアンテナ装置。
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KR1020187034973A KR102099162B1 (ko) | 2016-10-21 | 2017-08-24 | 안테나 장치 |
CN201780033025.3A CN109196718B (zh) | 2016-10-21 | 2017-08-24 | 天线装置 |
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JP2606521Y2 (ja) * | 1992-02-27 | 2000-11-27 | 株式会社村田製作所 | アンテナ装置 |
JP2010226633A (ja) | 2009-03-25 | 2010-10-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | マイクロストリップアンテナ |
JP5368493B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-08 | 2013-12-18 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | 無線機器用アンテナ |
US8674883B2 (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2014-03-18 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Antenna using through-silicon via |
CN202308266U (zh) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-07-04 | 黄新勇 | 一种双极化天线辐射单元 |
KR20130077133A (ko) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-09 | 한국단자공업 주식회사 | 패치 안테나 모듈 |
CN105390821B (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2021-07-30 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | 天线及其天线反射板 |
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JPH08148926A (ja) * | 1994-11-15 | 1996-06-07 | Nec Corp | パッチアンテナ |
JPH11284429A (ja) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-15 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | 回折波抑圧型マイクロストリップアンテナ |
JP2000138525A (ja) * | 1998-10-30 | 2000-05-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | マイクロストリップアンテナおよびマイクロストリップアンテナ基板 |
JP2004112391A (ja) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Nippon Soken Inc | アンテナ装置 |
CA2453055A1 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-06 | Vtech Telecommunications Limited | Intgrated inverted f antenna and shield can |
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WO2023120146A1 (ja) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-06-29 | 株式会社ヨコオ | パッチアンテナ及びアンテナ装置 |
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CN109196718B (zh) | 2020-09-01 |
KR20190002665A (ko) | 2019-01-08 |
CN109196718A (zh) | 2019-01-11 |
SG11201808505YA (en) | 2018-10-30 |
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