WO2018068545A1 - 转轴、电机和空调器 - Google Patents

转轴、电机和空调器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018068545A1
WO2018068545A1 PCT/CN2017/093137 CN2017093137W WO2018068545A1 WO 2018068545 A1 WO2018068545 A1 WO 2018068545A1 CN 2017093137 W CN2017093137 W CN 2017093137W WO 2018068545 A1 WO2018068545 A1 WO 2018068545A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
mandrel
rotating shaft
bearing rotor
sleeve
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PCT/CN2017/093137
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李广海
张小波
刘健宁
张芳
贾金信
郭长光
魏琼
李忠雨
龚高
田思园
苏久展
张超
Original Assignee
珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司
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Publication of WO2018068545A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018068545A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/161—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of high-speed magnetic levitation, and in particular to a rotating shaft, a motor and an air conditioner.
  • the high-speed permanent magnet motor rotor structure adopts a whole piece of annular magnetic steel 4 (surface-mounted magnetic steel), and all the rotor parts are sequentially assembled to the rotor core shaft 7, and the annular magnetic steel 4 is protected by the sheath 2 and Transfer torque.
  • the toroidal magnet 4 provides the main magnetic field of the motor, and R in Fig. 1 is the magnetic induction line of the main magnetic field.
  • the mandrel 7 is a magnetic conductive material, and the axial leakage magnetic field of the motor rotor passes through the mandrel 7
  • a coupling loop Q and a coupling loop S are formed with the bearing rotor assembly 1 and the bearing rotor assembly 6 on both sides.
  • the coupling loop Q and the coupling loop S interfere with the radial magnetic bearing magnetic field P and the radial magnetic bearing magnetic field T, thereby increasing the control difficulty of the bearing assemblies on both sides.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a rotating shaft, a motor and an air conditioner to solve the problem of high difficulty in control of the rotating shaft in the prior art.
  • a rotary shaft comprising: a mandrel; a magnetic member disposed on the mandrel to provide a magnetic field in a predetermined direction; and a bearing rotor disposed on the mandrel and The magnetic components are spaced apart; a first magnetic isolation portion is disposed between the bearing rotor and the mandrel to achieve magnetic isolation between the bearing rotor and the mandrel.
  • the first magnetic isolation portion includes a magnetic shielding sleeve
  • the magnetic shielding sleeve includes a first sleeve body
  • the first sleeve body is disposed between the inner wall of the bearing rotor and the outer wall of the mandrel.
  • first sleeve body has a cylindrical structure, and the first sleeve body is sleeved on the outer wall of the mandrel, and the inner wall of the bearing rotor is sleeved on the outer wall of the first sleeve body. So that the bearing rotor is completely separated from the outer wall of the mandrel.
  • the magnetic shielding sleeve further comprises a second sleeve body, the second sleeve body is disposed on a side of the first sleeve body facing the magnetic component or facing away from the magnetic component, and the outer diameter of the second sleeve body is larger than the first sleeve body The outer diameter is to form a first step structure, and the bearing rotor is disposed at the first step structure.
  • the mandrel has a first end and a second end
  • the bearing rotor includes a first bearing rotor disposed at the first end of the mandrel and a second bearing rotor disposed at the second end of the mandrel, the magnetic shielding sleeve being two , respectively, a first magnetic isolation sleeve that cooperates with the first bearing rotor and a second magnetic isolation sleeve that cooperates with the second bearing rotor.
  • the first magnetic isolation portion further includes a magnetic isolation ring, and the magnetic isolation ring is sleeved on the mandrel, and the end surface of the magnetic isolation ring, the outer wall of the first sleeve body and the step surface of the first step structure form a receiving space, first The bearing rotor is located in the accommodation space.
  • the end faces of the first bearing rotor along the axial direction thereof are in contact with both the second casing and the magnetic isolation ring.
  • the mandrel includes a mandrel body and a convex portion disposed on the side wall of the mandrel body, and the mandrel body and the convex portion form a second step portion toward an end of the first end of the mandrel, and the magnetic isolation ring is located at the The two steps are toward one side of the first end of the mandrel.
  • the magnetic isolation ring is in contact with the stepped surface of the second step portion.
  • the magnetic component is sleeved on the mandrel and is interposed between the end of the protrusion facing away from the first end of the mandrel and the second magnetic shielding sleeve.
  • the magnetic shielding sleeve is disposed over the outer wall of the mandrel, and the inner wall of the bearing rotor is disposed overly on the outer wall of the first casing.
  • the magnetic component is a toroidal magnetic steel, and the end surface of the annular magnetic steel facing away from the first end of the mandrel is provided with a positioning groove, and the second end of the mandrel is provided with two magnetization positioning holes, and two magnetization positioning holes
  • the connection is parallel or perpendicular to the direction in which the positioning groove extends.
  • the first magnetic isolation portion is made of a non-magnetically permeable material.
  • the rotating shaft further includes: a second magnetic isolation portion disposed on the mandrel and located axially outward of the magnetic component.
  • an electric machine comprising: a rotating shaft having a rotating shaft as described above.
  • an air conditioner comprising: a motor, the motor being the motor described above.
  • the rotating shaft includes a magnetic component disposed on the mandrel and a bearing rotor.
  • the magnetic component can provide a magnetic field in a predetermined direction.
  • the bearing rotor is sleeved on the mandrel and spaced from the magnetic component.
  • the rotating shaft further includes a first magnetic isolation portion, and the first magnetic isolation portion is interposed between the bearing rotor and the mandrel to achieve magnetic isolation between the bearing rotor and the mandrel.
  • the above structure makes the bearing rotor and the magnetically conductive core shaft separated by the first magnetic isolation portion, thereby avoiding the axial leakage magnetic field forming a coupling loop through the bearing rotor, further avoiding the generated magnetic coupling magnetic field of the coupling loop to the bearing rotor.
  • the interference is generated, thereby reducing the control difficulty of the bearing rotors on both sides, and solving the problem of high control of the rotating shaft in the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a rotating shaft of the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a rotating shaft according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged plan view showing A of the rotating shaft of Figure 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a side view showing the structure of the rotating shaft of Fig. 2.
  • first magnetic isolation portion 41, a magnetic shielding sleeve; 411, a first sleeve body; 412, a second sleeve body; 42, a magnetic isolation ring; 50, a second magnetic isolation portion; 51, a first magnetic shielding baffle; , a second magnetic shielding baffle; 53, a sheath.
  • the rotating shaft of the present embodiment includes a spindle 10, a magnetic member 20, a bearing rotor, and a first magnetic isolation portion 40.
  • the magnetic member 20 is disposed on the mandrel 10 to provide a magnetic field in a predetermined direction.
  • the bearing rotor is sleeved on the mandrel 10 and spaced apart from the magnetic component 20.
  • the first magnetic isolation portion 40 is disposed between the bearing rotor and the mandrel 10 to achieve magnetic isolation between the bearing rotor and the mandrel 10.
  • the rotating shaft includes a magnetic component 20 disposed on the mandrel 10 and a bearing rotor.
  • the magnetic member 20 can provide a magnetic field in a predetermined direction.
  • the bearing rotor is sleeved on the mandrel 10 and spaced apart from the magnetic component 20.
  • the rotating shaft further includes a first magnetic isolation portion 40, and the first magnetic isolation portion 40 is disposed between the bearing rotor and the mandrel 10.
  • the above structure allows the bearing rotor and the magnetically permeable core shaft 10 to be separated by the first magnetic isolation portion 40, thereby avoiding the axial leakage magnetic field forming a coupling loop after passing through the bearing rotor, further avoiding the generated coupling loop to the bearing rotor.
  • the magnetic field of the radial magnetic bearing causes interference, which reduces the control difficulty of the bearing rotors on both sides, improves the control precision of the radial bearing, solves the problem of high control difficulty of the rotating shaft in the prior art, and improves the system performance of the rotating shaft.
  • the first magnetic isolation portion 40 includes a magnetic shielding sleeve 41, and the magnetic shielding sleeve 41 includes the first
  • the sleeve body 411 is disposed between the inner wall of the bearing rotor and the outer wall of the mandrel 10.
  • the first sleeve body 411 has a cylindrical structure, and the first sleeve body 411 is sleeved on the outer wall of the mandrel 10, and the inner wall of the bearing rotor is sleeved on the first On the outer wall of the set of bodies 411, the above structure allows the bearing rotor to be completely separated from the outer wall of the mandrel 10, thereby making the magnetic separation effect better.
  • the magnetic shielding sleeve 41 can also be composed of a plurality of magnetic spacers, and the magnetic isolation sheets are connected together by a connecting structure.
  • the magnetic shield 41 further includes a second sleeve 412 disposed on a side of the first sleeve 411 facing the magnetic member 20 or facing away from the magnetic member 20. One side.
  • the above structure further improves the magnetic separation effect of the magnetic shield 41.
  • the outer diameter of the second casing 412 is larger than the outer diameter of the first casing 411 to form a first step structure, and the bearing rotor is disposed at the first step structure.
  • the above structure is simple and easy to assemble.
  • the first sleeve 411 and the second sleeve 412 may be a unitary structure or a separate structure.
  • the magnetic shielding sleeve 41 can be thermally sleeved on the mandrel 10 during installation to achieve an interference fit between the magnetic shielding sleeve 41 and the mandrel 10.
  • the above assembly is simple and easy to implement.
  • the mandrel 10 has a first end and a second end
  • the bearing rotor includes a first bearing rotor 31 disposed at a first end of the mandrel 10 and a first portion disposed on the mandrel 10
  • the two-end second bearing rotor 32 and the magnetic isolation sleeve 41 are two, respectively a first magnetic isolation sleeve that cooperates with the first bearing rotor 31 and a second magnetic isolation sleeve that cooperates with the second bearing rotor 32.
  • the first bearing rotor 31 and the magnetically permeable core shaft 10 are separated by the first magnetic isolation sleeve, thereby avoiding the axial leakage magnetic field forming a coupling loop after passing through the bearing rotor, further avoiding the generated coupling loop pair.
  • the magnetic field of the radial magnetic bearing of the first bearing rotor interferes, thereby reducing the control difficulty of the first bearing rotor.
  • the second bearing rotor 32 and the magnetically permeable mandrel 10 are separated by the second magnetic isolation sleeve, thereby avoiding the axial leakage magnetic field forming a coupling loop after passing through the second bearing rotor, further avoiding the generated coupling loop.
  • the magnetic field of the radial magnetic bearing of the second bearing rotor is disturbed, thereby reducing the control difficulty of the second bearing rotor.
  • first bearing rotor 31 and the first magnetic isolation sleeve may be interference-fitted together during installation, and the first assembly is formed after being hot-packed.
  • second bearing rotor 32 and the second magnetic shield can also be interference-fitted together during installation, and the two components are assembled to form a second component.
  • the magnetic shield 41 is sleeved on the outer wall of the mandrel 10 by a shrink fitting method.
  • the above assembly is simple and easy to implement.
  • the second sleeve 412 of the first magnetic shielding sleeve is disposed away from the first sleeve 411.
  • a second sleeve 412 of the second magnetic shield is disposed on a side of the first sleeve 411 facing the magnetic member 20.
  • the matching structure of the magnetic isolation sleeve and the bearing rotor on both sides can be designed as a cross reference.
  • the first magnetic isolation portion 40 further includes a magnetic isolation ring 42.
  • the magnetic isolation ring 42 is sleeved on the mandrel 10, and the end surface of the magnetic isolation ring 42 and the first sleeve 411 are The outer wall forms a receiving space with the stepped surface of the first step structure, and the first bearing rotor 31 is located in the accommodating space.
  • the above structure makes the surface other than the surface except the first bearing rotor 31 separated from the mandrel 10 by the first magnetic isolation portion 40, thereby further avoiding the formation of the coupling loop after the axial leakage magnetic field passes through the first bearing rotor 31.
  • the generated coupling loop is prevented from interfering with the magnetic field of the radial magnetic bearing of the first bearing rotor 31, thereby reducing the control difficulty of the first bearing rotor and improving the system performance of the rotating shaft.
  • the structure is also applicable to the mounting structure of the second bearing rotor 32.
  • the inner wall of the bearing rotor is over-engaged on the outer wall of the first casing 411.
  • the above structure is simple, easy to assemble and can ensure the working stability of the bearing rotor.
  • the first bearing rotor 31 and the second bearing rotor 32 are disposed outside the first casing 411 in an interference manner.
  • the end faces of the first bearing rotor 31 along the axial direction thereof are in contact with both the second casing 412 and the magnetic flux barrier 42.
  • the above structure makes the magnetic separation effect better.
  • the mandrel 10 includes a mandrel body 11 and a boss portion 12 disposed on a side wall of the mandrel body 11, the mandrel body 11 and the boss portion 12 facing the mandrel 10.
  • One end of the first end forms a second step portion, and the magnetic flux barrier 42 is located on a side of the second step portion toward the first end of the mandrel 10.
  • the magnetic isolation ring 42 can separate the first bearing rotor 31 toward the end surface of the convex portion 12, thereby avoiding the formation of a coupling loop after the axial leakage magnetic field passes through the first bearing rotor 31, thereby improving the system performance of the rotating shaft.
  • the magnetic flux barrier 42 is in contact with the step surface of the second step portion.
  • the magnetic shield ring 42 can be placed outside the mandrel 10 and moved toward the boss 12 until the end face of the magnetic shield ring 42 contacts the stepped surface of the second step portion.
  • the magnetic component 20 is sleeved on the mandrel 10 and disposed between the end of the boss 12 facing away from the first end of the mandrel 10 and the second magnetic shield.
  • the rotating shaft further includes a second magnetic isolation portion 50 disposed on the mandrel 10 and located on the axially outer side of the magnetic member 20.
  • the second magnetic isolation portion 50 includes a first magnetic shielding baffle 51 and a second magnetic shielding baffle 52.
  • the first magnetic shielding baffle 51 and the second magnetic shielding baffle 52 are located at both ends of the magnetic component 20 and are in interference fit with the mandrel 10.
  • the first magnetic shielding baffle 51 and the second magnetic shielding baffle 52 are both non-magnetic materials, which blocks the magnetic circuit and greatly reduces the occurrence of magnetic flux leakage.
  • the rotating shaft further includes a sheath 53.
  • the sheath 53 is made of a nickel-based alloy material and has an interference fit with the mandrel 10, the magnetic member 20, the first magnetic shielding baffle 51, and the second magnetic shielding baffle 52. Since the magnetic member 20 is subjected to a large centrifugal action at a high speed operation, and the magnetic member 20 has a small tensile strength and a high compressive strength, the above structure allows the magnetic member 20 to be subjected to compressive stress when the motor rotates at a high speed, thereby ensuring The shaft is operating normally. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the length of the sheath 53 is greater than the sum of the axial lengths of the magnetic component 20, the first magnetic shielding baffle 51 and the second magnetic shielding baffle 52.
  • the magnetic member 20 is a toroidal magnetic steel, and the above structure is simple and easy to process and assemble.
  • the magnetic component 20 may be magnetized after the rotating shaft is assembled, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of overheating demagnetization.
  • the magnetic component 20 has been magnetized orientated at the time of fabrication.
  • the above structure causes the magnetic component 20 to generate a magnetic field having the same direction as a predetermined magnetic field after being magnetized.
  • the end surface of the annular magnet facing away from the first end of the mandrel 10 is provided with a positioning groove 21, and the second end of the mandrel 10 is provided with two magnetization positioning positions. Hole 13. During installation, the connection between the two magnetization positioning holes 13 is parallel or perpendicular to the extending direction of the positioning groove 21, so that the magnetic member 20 can be magnetized in the direction of the magnetization orientation.
  • the toroidal magnetic steel is a neodymium iron boron material.
  • the positioning groove 21 on the annular magnetic steel is a small groove opened on the end surface of the annular magnetic steel.
  • the positioning groove 21 of the end face of the annular magnet is parallel (or perpendicular) to the line of the magnetizing positioning hole 13, and the magnetization orientation is perpendicular (or parallel) to the direction of the positioning groove 21, and the annular magnet and the mandrel 10 are in a clearance fit.
  • the inner wall of the annular magnetic steel or the outer wall of the mandrel 10 is coated with magnetic steel glue, so that the connection between the annular magnetic steel and the mandrel 10 is more firm and reliable.
  • the first magnetic isolation portion 40 is made of a non-magnetically permeable material, which blocks the magnetic circuit and greatly reduces the occurrence of magnetic flux leakage.
  • the assembly process is as follows:
  • the first magnetic shielding baffle 51 heated to a certain temperature is hot-mounted to the mandrel 10;
  • the annular magnetic steel is set on the mandrel 10, and the connecting lines of the two magnetizing positioning holes 13 on the mandrel 10 are parallel (or perpendicular) to the positioning groove 21 of the end face of the annular magnetic steel;
  • the second magnetic shielding baffle 52 heated to a certain temperature is hot-mounted onto the mandrel 10, and is axially pressed to make the annular magnetic steel in a pressed state;
  • the first component and the second component heated to a certain temperature are respectively hot-fitted onto the mandrel 10.
  • the assembly of the rotating shaft can be completed, and after the finishing, the magnetization is completed by the magnetizing positioning hole 13.
  • the present invention also provides an electric motor according to the present invention (not shown) comprising: a rotating shaft having the above-mentioned rotating shaft. Because the rotating shaft has the control difficulty of the bearing rotor, the radial bearing has the advantage of high precision control. Therefore, the motor having the same has the above advantages.
  • the present invention also provides an air conditioner, the air conditioner (not shown) according to the present invention comprising: a motor, the motor being the motor described above.
  • the motor has the advantages of low control difficulty of the bearing rotor and high precision of the radial bearing control. Therefore, the air conditioner having the same has the above advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

一种转轴、电机和空调器，转轴包括：芯轴(10)；磁力部件(20)，设置在所述芯轴(10)上以提供预定方向上的磁场；轴承转子（31，32），套设在所述芯轴(10)上并与所述磁力部件(20)间隔设置；第一隔磁部(40)，设在所述轴承转子（31，32）与所述芯轴(10)之间，以实现所述轴承转子（31，32）与所述芯轴(10)之间的磁性隔离。上述结构使得轴承转子（31，32）与导磁的芯轴（10）通过第一隔磁部（40）分隔开来，避免了轴向漏磁场经过轴承转子（31，32）形成耦合回路，进一步避免了生成的耦合回路对轴承转子（31，32）的径向磁轴承磁场产生干扰，进而降低了两侧轴承转子（31，32）的控制难度，解决了现有技术中的转轴控制难度高的问题。

Description

转轴、电机和空调器 技术领域
本发明涉及高速磁悬浮领域，具体而言，涉及一种转轴、电机和空调器。
背景技术
现有技术中的高速永磁电机转子结构，采用整块环形磁钢4(表贴式磁钢)，所有转子零件依次热装到转子芯轴7上，通过护套2保护环形磁钢4并传递扭矩。环形磁钢4提供电机的主磁场，图1中的R即为主磁场的磁感线。上述的高速转子结构虽然采用了隔磁结构(隔磁挡板3以及隔磁挡板5)进行隔磁处理，但其芯轴7为导磁材料，电机转子轴向漏磁场会经过芯轴7与两侧的轴承转子组件1和轴承转子组件6形成耦合回路Q和耦合回路S。耦合回路Q和耦合回路S会对径向磁轴承磁场P和径向磁轴承磁场T产生干扰，从而增加了两侧轴承转子组件的控制难度。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种转轴、电机和空调器，以解决现有技术中的转轴控制难度高的问题。
为了实现上述目的，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种转轴，包括：芯轴；磁力部件，设置在芯轴上以提供预定方向上的磁场；轴承转子，套设在芯轴上并与磁力部件间隔设置；第一隔磁部，设在轴承转子与芯轴之间，以实现所述轴承转子与所述芯轴之间的磁性隔离。
进一步地，第一隔磁部包括隔磁套，隔磁套包括第一套体，第一套体设在轴承转子的内壁与芯轴的外壁之间。
进一步地，所述第一套体呈筒状结构，且所述第一套体套设在所述芯轴的外壁上，所述轴承转子的内壁套设在所述第一套体的外壁上，以使所述轴承转子完全地与芯轴的外壁分隔开来。
进一步地，隔磁套还包括第二套体，第二套体设置在第一套体的朝向磁力部件的一侧或者背离磁力部件的一侧，第二套体的外径大于第一套体的外径以形成第一台阶结构，轴承转子设置在第一台阶结构处。
进一步地，芯轴具有第一端和第二端，轴承转子包括设置在芯轴的第一端的第一轴承转子以及设置在芯轴的第二端的第二轴承转子，隔磁套为两个，分别为与第一轴承转子配合的第一隔磁套以及与第二轴承转子配合的第二隔磁套。
进一步地，第一隔磁部还包括隔磁环，隔磁环套设在芯轴上，隔磁环的端面、第一套体的外壁与第一台阶结构的台阶面形成容纳空间，第一轴承转子位于容纳空间内。
进一步地，第一轴承转子沿其轴向的两端端面与第二套体和隔磁环均接触。
进一步地，芯轴包括芯轴本体及设置在芯轴本体侧壁上的凸起部，芯轴本体与凸起部朝向芯轴的第一端的一端形成第二台阶部，隔磁环位于第二台阶部朝向芯轴的第一端的一侧。
进一步地，隔磁环与第二台阶部的台阶面接触。
进一步地，磁力部件套设在芯轴上并夹设于凸起部背离芯轴的第一端的一端与第二隔磁套之间。
进一步地，所述隔磁套过盈地套设在所述芯轴的外壁上，所述轴承转子的内壁过盈地套设在所述第一套体的外壁上。
进一步地，磁力部件为环形磁钢，环形磁钢背离芯轴的第一端的端面上设置有定位槽，芯轴的第二端上设置有两个充磁定位孔，两个充磁定位孔的连线与定位槽的延伸方向平行或垂直。
进一步地，第一隔磁部由非导磁材料制成。
进一步地，转轴还包括：第二隔磁部，设置在芯轴上并位于磁力部件的轴向外侧。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种电机，包括：转轴，转轴为上述的转轴。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种空调器，包括：电机，电机为上述的电机。
应用本发明的技术方案，转轴包括设置在芯轴上的磁力部件以及轴承转子。其中，磁力部件能够提供预定方向上的磁场。轴承转子套设在芯轴上并与磁力部件间隔设置。转轴还包括第一隔磁部，第一隔磁部夹设在轴承转子与芯轴之间，以实现轴承转子与芯轴之间的磁性隔离。上述结构使得轴承转子与导磁的芯轴通过第一隔磁部分隔开来，避免了轴向漏磁场经过轴承转子形成耦合回路，进一步避免了生成的耦合回路对轴承转子的径向磁轴承磁场产生干扰，进而降低了两侧轴承转子的控制难度，解决了现有技术中的转轴控制难度高的问题。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了现有技术中的转轴的纵剖结构示意图；
图2示出了根据本发明的转轴的实施例的纵剖结构示意图；
图3示出了图2的转轴的A处的放大结构示意图；
图4示出了图2的转轴的侧视结构示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
10、芯轴；11、芯轴本体；12、凸起部；13、充磁定位孔；20、磁力部件；21、定位槽；31、第一轴承转子；32、第二轴承转子；40、第一隔磁部；41、隔磁套；411、第一套体；412、第二套体；42、隔磁环；50、第二隔磁部；51、第一隔磁挡板；52、第二隔磁挡板；53、护套。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
如图2所示，本实施例的转轴包括芯轴10、磁力部件20、轴承转子以及第一隔磁部40。其中，磁力部件20，设置在芯轴10上以提供预定方向上的磁场。轴承转子，套设在芯轴10上并与磁力部件20间隔设置。第一隔磁部40，设在轴承转子与芯轴10之间，以实现所述轴承转子与所述芯轴10之间的磁性隔离。
应用本实施例的技术方案，转轴包括设置在芯轴10上的磁力部件20以及轴承转子。其中，磁力部件20能够提供预定方向上的磁场。轴承转子套设在芯轴10上并与磁力部件20间隔设置。转轴还包括第一隔磁部40，第一隔磁部40设在轴承转子与芯轴10之间。上述结构使得轴承转子与导磁的芯轴10通过第一隔磁部40分隔开来，从而避免了轴向漏磁场经过轴承转子后形成耦合回路，进一步避免了生成的耦合回路对轴承转子的径向磁轴承磁场产生干扰，进而降低了两侧轴承转子的控制难度，提高了径向轴承控制精度，解决了现有技术中的转轴控制难度高的问题，同时提高了转轴的系统性能。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，第一隔磁部40包括隔磁套41，隔磁套41包括第一 套体411，第一套体411设在轴承转子的内壁与芯轴10的外壁之间。上述结构简单，易于装配。优选地，在本实施例中第一套体411呈筒状结构，且所述第一套体411套设在所述芯轴10的外壁上，所述轴承转子的内壁套设在所述第一套体411的外壁上，上述结构使得轴承转子完全与芯轴10的外壁分隔开来，从而使得隔磁效果更佳。当然，本领域技术人员应当知道，隔磁套41还可以由多片隔磁片组成，各隔磁片之间通过连接结构连接在一起。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，隔磁套41还包括第二套体412，第二套体412设置在第一套体411的朝向磁力部件20的一侧或者背离磁力部件20的一侧。上述结构进一步提高了隔磁套41的隔磁效果。另外，在本实施例中，第二套体412的外径大于第一套体411的外径以形成第一台阶结构，轴承转子设置在第一台阶结构处。上述结构简单，易于装配。当然，本领域技术人员应当知道，第一套体411和第二套体412可以为一体结构也可以为分体结构。需要说明的是，在本实施例中，在安装时可以将隔磁套41热套在芯轴10上，以实现隔磁套41与芯轴10之间的过盈配合。上述装配简单，易于实现。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，芯轴10具有第一端和第二端，轴承转子包括设置在芯轴10的第一端的第一轴承转子31以及设置在芯轴10的第二端的第二轴承转子32，隔磁套41为两个，分别为与第一轴承转子31配合的第一隔磁套以及与第二轴承转子32配合的第二隔磁套。上述结构中，第一轴承转子31与导磁的芯轴10通过第一隔磁套分隔开来，从而避免了轴向漏磁场经过轴承转子后形成耦合回路，进一步避免了生成的耦合回路对第一轴承转子的径向磁轴承磁场产生干扰，进而降低了第一轴承转子的控制难度。同理，第二轴承转子32与导磁的芯轴10通过第二隔磁套分隔开来，从而避免了轴向漏磁场经过第二轴承转子后形成耦合回路，进一步避免了生成的耦合回路对第二轴承转子的径向磁轴承磁场产生干扰，进而降低了第二轴承转子的控制难度。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，在安装时，可将第一轴承转子31与第一隔磁套过盈配合在一起，二者热装后形成第一组件。同样，安装时还可将第二轴承转子32与第二隔磁套过盈配合在一起，二者热装后形成第二组件。
隔磁套41通过热装方式套设在芯轴10的外壁上。上述装配简单，易于实现。
优选地，在本实施例中，第一隔磁套的第二套体412设置在第一套体411的背离 磁力部件20的一侧，第二隔磁套的第二套体412设置在第一套体411的朝向磁力部件20的一侧。两侧的隔磁套和轴承转子的配合结构可以相互参照设计。
以第一轴承转子31为例，为了避免第一轴承转子31朝向磁力部件20的端面与导磁的芯轴10接触。如图2所示，在本实施例中，第一隔磁部40还包括隔磁环42，隔磁环42套设在芯轴10上，隔磁环42的端面、第一套体411的外壁与第一台阶结构的台阶面形成容纳空间，第一轴承转子31位于容纳空间内。上述结构使得第一轴承转子31除外表面以外的表面均通过第一隔磁部40与芯轴10分隔开来，因此进一步地避免了轴向漏磁场经过第一轴承转子31后形成耦合回路，避免了生成的耦合回路对第一轴承转子31的径向磁轴承磁场产生干扰，进而降低了第一轴承转子的控制难度，提高了转轴的系统性能。同理该结构也适用于第二轴承转子32的安装结构。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，轴承转子的内壁过盈地套设在第一套体411的外壁上。上述结构简单，易于装配且能够保证轴承转子的工作稳定性。具体地，在本实施例中，第一轴承转子31以及第二轴承转子32均过盈地套设在第一套体411外。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，第一轴承转子31沿其轴向的两端端面与第二套体412和隔磁环42均接触。上述结构使得隔磁效果更佳。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，芯轴10包括芯轴本体11及设置在芯轴本体11侧壁上的凸起部12，芯轴本体11与凸起部12朝向芯轴10的第一端的一端形成第二台阶部，隔磁环42位于第二台阶部朝向芯轴10的第一端的一侧。上述隔磁环42能够使第一轴承转子31朝向凸起部12的端面分隔开，因此避免了轴向漏磁场经过第一轴承转子31后形成耦合回路，提高了转轴的系统性能。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，隔磁环42与第二台阶部的台阶面接触。当装配时，可将隔磁环42套在芯轴10外并向着凸起部12移动，直至隔磁环42的端面接触到第二台阶部的台阶面为止。上述结构简单，便于工人安装，提高了安装效率。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，磁力部件20套设在芯轴10上，并设于凸起部12背离芯轴10的第一端的一端与第二隔磁套之间。
如图2和图3所示，在本实施例中，转轴还包括：第二隔磁部50，设置在芯轴10上并位于磁力部件20的轴向外侧。上述结构使得隔磁效果更好从而提高了转轴的系统性能。具体地，第二隔磁部50包括第一隔磁挡板51、第二隔磁挡板52。其中，第一隔磁挡板51和第二隔磁挡板52位于磁力部件20的两端，并与芯轴10过盈配合。 且第一隔磁挡板51和第二隔磁挡板52均为非导磁材料，这样就阻断了磁路，大大降低了漏磁现象的发生。
如图2和图3所示，在本实施例中，转轴还包括：护套53。护套53采用镍基合金材料，并与芯轴10、磁力部件20、第一隔磁挡板51、第二隔磁挡板52均为过盈配合。由于磁力部件20高速运转时会受到较大的离心作用，而磁力部件20抗拉强度较小，抗压强度很高，因此上述结构使得磁力部件20在电机高速旋转时仍受到压应力，从而保证转轴正常运转。需要说明的是，在本实施例中，护套53的长度大于磁力部件20、第一隔磁挡板51和第二隔磁挡板52的轴向长度之和。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，磁力部件20为环形磁钢，上述结构简单，易于加工和装配。
需要说明的是，由于热装护套53可能会对磁力部件20产生过热失磁，因此可将转轴装配好后再对磁力部件20进行充磁，即可避免过热失磁的现象产生。
磁力部件20在制作时已做充磁取向。上述结构使得磁力部件20在充好磁之后，产生的磁场方向与预先设定的磁场方向相同。为了使得磁力部件20能够沿充磁取向的方向充磁。如图2和图4所示，在本实施例中，环形磁钢背离芯轴10的第一端的端面上设置有定位槽21，芯轴10的第二端上设置有两个充磁定位孔13。安装时，使得两个充磁定位孔13的连线与定位槽21的延伸方向平行或垂直，即可保证磁力部件20能够沿充磁取向的方向充磁。
优选地，在本实施例中，环形磁钢为钕铁硼材料。环形磁钢上的定位槽21为设在环形磁钢的端面上的过圆心开的小凹槽。环形磁钢端面的定位槽21与充磁定位孔13连线平行(或垂直)，充磁取向与定位槽21的方向垂直(或平行)，环形磁钢与芯轴10为间隙配合。进一步地，在环形磁钢内壁或芯轴10外壁上涂覆有磁钢胶，这样可以使得环形磁钢和芯轴10的连接更加牢固可靠。
优选地，在本实施例中，第一隔磁部40由非导磁材料制成，这样就阻断了磁路，大大降低了漏磁现象的发生。
装配过程如下：
1、将加热到一定温度后的第一隔磁挡板51热装到芯轴10上；
2、把环形磁钢套装到芯轴10上，并使芯轴10上的两个充磁定位孔13的连线与环形磁钢端面的定位槽21平行(或垂直)；
3、将加热到一定温度后的第二隔磁挡板52热装到芯轴10上，并进行轴向压紧，以使环形磁钢处于被压状态；
4、将加热至一定温度的合金护套热装到芯轴10上，并进行轴向压紧，使护套53的端面与芯轴10的端面贴合；
5、将加热到一定温度后的第一组件、第二组件分别热装套入芯轴10上。
通过以上步骤即可完成对转轴的装配，精加工后通过充磁定位孔13完成充磁。
本发明还提供了一种电机，根据本发明的电机(图中未示出)包括：转轴，转轴为上述的转轴。由于转轴具有轴承转子的控制难度低，径向轴承控制精度高的优点。因此具有其的电机也具有上述优点。
本发明还提供了一种空调器，根据本发明的空调器(图中未示出)包括：电机，电机为上述的电机。由于电机具有轴承转子的控制难度低，径向轴承控制精度高的优点。因此具有其的空调器也具有上述优点。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种转轴，其特征在于，包括：
    芯轴(10)；
    磁力部件(20)，设置在所述芯轴(10)上以提供预定方向上的磁场；
    轴承转子，套设在所述芯轴(10)上并与所述磁力部件(20)间隔设置；
    第一隔磁部(40)，设在所述轴承转子与所述芯轴(10)之间，以实现所述轴承转子与所述芯轴(10)之间的磁性隔离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述第一隔磁部(40)包括隔磁套(41)，所述隔磁套(41)包括第一套体(411)，所述第一套体(411)设在所述轴承转子的内壁与所述芯轴(10)的外壁之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述第一套体(411)呈筒状结构，且所述第一套体(411)套设在所述芯轴(10)的外壁上，所述轴承转子的内壁套设在所述第一套体(411)的外壁上，以使所述轴承转子完全地与芯轴(10)的外壁分隔开来。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述隔磁套(41)还包括第二套体(412)，所述第二套体(412)设置在所述第一套体(411)的朝向所述磁力部件(20)的一侧或者背离磁力部件(20)的一侧，所述第二套体(412)的外径大于所述第一套体(411)的外径以形成第一台阶结构，所述轴承转子设置在所述第一台阶结构处。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述芯轴(10)具有第一端和第二端，所述轴承转子包括设置在所述芯轴(10)的第一端的第一轴承转子(31)以及设置在所述芯轴(10)的第二端的第二轴承转子(32)，所述隔磁套(41)为两个，分别为与所述第一轴承转子(31)配合的第一隔磁套以及与所述第二轴承转子(32)配合的第二隔磁套。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述第一隔磁部(40)还包括隔磁环(42)，所述隔磁环(42)套设在所述芯轴(10)上，所述隔磁环(42)的端面、所述第一套体(411)的外壁与所述第一台阶结构的台阶面形成容纳空间，所述轴承转子位于所述容纳空间内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述轴承转子沿其轴向的两端端 面与所述第二套体(412)和隔磁环(42)均接触。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述芯轴(10)包括芯轴本体(11)及设置在所述芯轴本体(11)侧壁上的凸起部(12)，所述芯轴本体(11)与所述凸起部(12)朝向所述芯轴(10)的第一端的一端形成第二台阶部，所述隔磁环(42)位于所述第二台阶部朝向所述芯轴(10)的第一端的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述隔磁环(42)与所述第二台阶部的台阶面接触。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述隔磁套过盈地套设在所述芯轴的外壁上，所述轴承转子的内壁过盈地套设在所述第一套体(411)的外壁上。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述磁力部件(20)为环形磁钢，所述环形磁钢背离所述芯轴(10)的第一端的端面上设置有定位槽(21)，所述芯轴(10)的第二端上设置有两个充磁定位孔(13)，所述两个充磁定位孔(13)的连线与所述定位槽(21)的延伸方向平行或垂直。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述第一隔磁部(40)由非导磁材料制成。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的转轴，其特征在于，所述转轴还包括：
    第二隔磁部(50)，设置在所述芯轴(10)上并位于所述磁力部件(20)的轴向外侧。
  14. 一种电机，包括：转轴，其特征在于，所述转轴为权利要求1至13中任一项所述的转轴。
  15. 一种空调器，包括：电机，其特征在于，所述电机为权利要求14所述的电机。
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CN107465286B (zh) * 2017-08-16 2020-03-17 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 一种永磁转子结构
CN107659015A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-02 南京磁谷科技有限公司 一种表贴式永磁转子的隔磁结构
CN107834735A (zh) * 2017-12-04 2018-03-23 南京磁谷科技有限公司 一种磁悬浮电机的转子结构
CN111030364A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-17 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 电机转轴和磁悬浮电机
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