WO2018049758A1 - 铝电解电容器用的电解液及使用该电解液的铝电解电容器 - Google Patents

铝电解电容器用的电解液及使用该电解液的铝电解电容器 Download PDF

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WO2018049758A1
WO2018049758A1 PCT/CN2016/113058 CN2016113058W WO2018049758A1 WO 2018049758 A1 WO2018049758 A1 WO 2018049758A1 CN 2016113058 W CN2016113058 W CN 2016113058W WO 2018049758 A1 WO2018049758 A1 WO 2018049758A1
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electrolytic capacitor
electrolytic solution
electrolyte
aluminum electrolytic
aluminum
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PCT/CN2016/113058
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄丽青
贾云
黄丰良
王明杰
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深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司
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Priority to JP2018537665A priority Critical patent/JP6644896B2/ja
Publication of WO2018049758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018049758A1/zh
Priority to US16/055,172 priority patent/US11120948B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/004—Details
    • H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
    • H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/145—Liquid electrolytic capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolytic capacitors, in particular to an electrolyte for aluminum electrolytic capacitors and an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using the same.
  • Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are mainly used to prevent corrosion of chloride ions. During the production or cleaning process, or the introduction of organic chlorine or chloride ions in the raw materials, during the long-term use of the capacitor, the organic chlorine frees the chloride ions and accumulates in the weak part of the anodized film, which easily causes the anode aluminum foil and the lead corrosion. This causes the capacitor to fail.
  • the electrolyte anticorrosive agent is a kind of additive.
  • the additive can capture Cl - , form a complex with Cl - , deposit on the surface of the aluminum foil to protect and prevent the aluminum foil from being corroded, inhibit the dissolution of Al 3+ , and block the metal ions. effect.
  • CN201010197158 mentions that the anticorrosive agent used is one or a mixture of nitrotriboron, 8-hydroxyquinoline, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ammoniatriacetic acid, silver citrate, or a mixture of all of them.
  • the addition amount of these kinds of anti-corrosion additives is relatively small, below 1%, and the excessive amount added has other side effects, so the anti-corrosion effect is not particularly obvious.
  • Nitrotriaborane captures Cl - to form a molecular compound.
  • nitrotriborane is volatile at room temperature, easily hydrolyzed, and produces hydrogen, ammonia and boric acid.
  • the product is polar and highly reactive, in which hydrogen atoms can be replaced by many organic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • the amount of 8-hydroxyquinoline added should not exceed 1%, otherwise it will affect the explosion-proof performance.
  • Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and other amino polycarboxylic compound is a complexing agent, and can be Cl - form a complex effect, and can suppress the elution of Al 3+.
  • the content of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid cannot be increased, and it is easy to make the guide needle black when it is impregnated.
  • Ammoniatriacetic acid is a strong ternary medium acid, which has a certain erosive effect on the protective film of alumina. When added, it will lead to an increase in leakage current of the capacitor.
  • Silver citrate and Cl - form an AgCl precipitate.
  • the silver compound has a small solubility, a small amount of dissolution, and contains precious metal silver, it is expensive in terms of cost and is rarely used in practice.
  • the invention provides an electrolyte for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor and an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using the same, the electrolyte has strong anti-corrosion performance, and can maintain a long load life in a case where a chlorine ion content is high. , Anatomical capacitors showed no signs of corrosion.
  • an electrolyte for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprising a main solute and a main solvent, and further comprising an additive represented by the following Structural Formula 1,
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 or -OH, and R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from -(CH 2 CH 2 O) m H or -H, wherein n, m is an arbitrary integer between 1 and 1000.
  • the content of the above additive in the above electrolyte is 5% to 10% of the total mass of the above electrolyte.
  • the above additive is a substance represented by the following compound 1,
  • the above main solute is an ammonium salt of a branched dicarboxylic acid 1,4-DDA; and the above main solvent is ethylene glycol.
  • the above electrolyte solution further includes a complex solute; preferably, the above complex solute is a linear dicarboxylic acid ammonium sebacate.
  • the above electrolyte solution further includes a solvent stabilizer; preferably, the above solvent stabilizer is an ethylene glycol polymer, more preferably diethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
  • the above electrolyte further includes a chemical conversion enhancer; preferably, the chemical conversion enhancer is ammonium hypophosphite.
  • the above electrolyte solution further includes a hydrogen absorbing agent; preferably, the above hydrogen absorbing agent is a nitrobenzene compound, more preferably p-nitrobenzyl alcohol.
  • an aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprising the electrolyte of the first aspect.
  • the above aluminum electrolytic capacitor is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor having a voltage of 450 to 500V.
  • the electrolytic solution of the present invention contains the additive represented by Structural Formula 1, and has strong anticorrosive properties, and can maintain a long load life in the case of a high chloride ion content. It has been confirmed that in the 450-500V aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the load life of 105 ° C after adding 5 ppm of chloride ions is good for 5,000 hours, and no signs of corrosion are observed in the dissecting capacitor.
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from -CH 3 and -CH 2 CH 3 .
  • -OH, R 3 , R 4 are each independently selected from -(CH 2 CH 2 O) m H or -H, wherein n, m are any integer between 1 and 10,000. It has been confirmed that the number of carbon atoms of each group of R 1 and R 2 is not too large, otherwise it will affect the performance of corrosion resistance.
  • the inventors have confirmed that the number of carbon atoms of each group of R 1 and R 2 is 1 or 2 In the case where R 1 and R 2 are each independently -OH, the corrosion resistance is excellent, and when the number of carbon atoms of each of R 1 and R 2 exceeds 2, the performance may be decline.
  • the electrolytic solution for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of the present invention includes a main solute and a main solvent, and further includes an additive represented by the following Structural Formula 1,
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 or -OH, and R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from -(CH 2 CH 2 O) m H or -H, wherein n, m is an arbitrary integer between 1 and 1000.
  • the additive represented by Structural Formula 1 is a surfactant having a lipophilic hydrophobic non-polar carbon chain end, and a hydrophilic oleophobic polar end, and the hydrophilic end is adsorbed on the surface of the oxide film, and the lipophilic end is oriented. Externally, it prevents the intrusion of other groups, thereby preventing other ions from eroding the oxide film and also increasing the withstand voltage of the oxide film.
  • the additive represented by Structural Formula 1 can be largely dissolved in the electrolyte due to the special properties of the surfactant, but excessive addition also affects the repair of the oxide film, resulting in excessive leakage current and loss tangent angle. Big.
  • the invention has been tested and found that the effect of adding 5%-10% is the best, the anti-corrosion effect of adding 5% or less is decreased, and the loss tangent angle of adding more than 10% is large, which is disadvantageous for achieving excellent comprehensive performance.
  • the additive is a substance shown by the following compound 1,
  • the primary solute is an ammonium salt of a branched dicarboxylic acid 1,4-DDA; the primary solvent is ethylene glycol.
  • the electrolyte further comprises a complex solute;
  • the complex solute may be a linear dicarboxylic acid ammonium sebacate.
  • the electrolyte further comprises a solvent stabilizer;
  • the solvent stabilizer may be an ethylene glycol polymer such as diethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
  • the electrolyte further includes a formation of a lifting agent;
  • the formation enhancer may be a phosphate, for example, ammonium hypophosphite may be used.
  • the electrolyte further comprises a hydrogen absorbing agent;
  • the hydrogen absorbing agent may be a nitrobenzene compound such as p-nitrobenzyl alcohol.
  • an ammonium salt of a branched dicarboxylic acid 1,4-DDA is used as a main solute; and a linear dicarboxylic acid ammonium sebacate is used as a complex solute to improve the stability of the solute;
  • Ethylene glycol as the main solvent;
  • ethylene glycol polymer such as diethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol 1000 as solvent stabilizer;
  • phosphate such as ammonium hypophosphite as a chemical enhancer to improve the formation efficiency and reduce leakage current;
  • a nitrobenzene compound such as benzyl alcohol is used as a hydrogen absorbing agent to reduce the convex bottom of the capacitor.
  • the aluminum electrolytic capacitor using the electrolytic solution of the present invention can achieve a voltage of 450 to 500 V, and the current additive cannot realize such a high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
  • the electrolytic solution of the present invention contains the additive represented by Structural Formula 1, and has strong anticorrosive properties, and can maintain a long load life in the case of a high chloride ion content. It has been confirmed that in the 450-500V aluminum electrolytic capacitor, after adding 5ppm of chloride ions, the load life of 105 °C is 5000 hours, and the result is good. No signs of corrosion were observed in the split capacitor.
  • the additive in the present invention is a silicon-containing organic compound having a specific structure, which can form a molecular compound with Cl - and thus has an anticorrosive function. After the introduction of Cl - , Cl - moves to the anode, and after the additive captures Cl - , the reactive group in the molecule is replaced by Cl - to form a stable molecular compound, thereby preventing the Cl - etching of the aluminum oxide film.
  • the additive of the present invention can be obtained by heating a reaction of 1-5 kinds of the following structural formula 2 under the action of a solvent or a catalyst for 1-6 days, and then removing the low-boiling substance under reduced pressure.
  • Structural Formula 2 is a silane coupling agent, and the molecular formula is as follows:
  • X is a hydrolyzable group
  • Y is an organic functional group capable of reacting with a resin.
  • X is usually a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a methoxyethoxy group, an acetoxy group or the like, and when these groups are hydrolyzed, silanol (Si(OH) 3 ) is formed.
  • the solvent may be one of water or an organic solvent or a mixture thereof, and the organic solvent may be a solvent such as a ketone, an ester or an alcohol, and is preferably an alcohol solvent such as propanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or butanol.
  • the catalyst may be an acid or a base, and may be an organic carboxylic acid such as acetic acid or propionic acid, or an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid or boric acid, or an alkali such as an organic amine or ammonia.
  • organic carboxylic acid such as acetic acid or propionic acid
  • inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid or boric acid
  • alkali such as an organic amine or ammonia.
  • the preparation method is as follows: 40 parts of ⁇ -glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 10 parts of tetramethoxysilane, 7 parts of dimethoxysilane, 33 parts of solvent ethylene glycol, 7 parts of water, boric acid. 3 parts, heated together to 80-90 ° C for 2 days, then maintain the temperature, vacuum to remove low-boiling substances, to get a viscous substance, the main component of the substance is compound 1, there may be some unremoved reactants or some The resulting low boiling point material.
  • Compound 1 is represented by A.
  • anti-corrosion additive A to the HS-451A electrolyte, the content is 5%, 10%, 15%, and all electrolytes are added with 5ppm Cl - for accelerated test to make 450V 330 ⁇ f. After the capacitor is aged, the 105 °C accelerated life test is performed. After 0H, 250H, and 500H, the test is performed every 500H. Each batch is made of 20 capacitors. After each test, a capacitor is peeled off to observe whether it is corroded. If there is a capacitor failure, it is dissected.
  • the materials and addition amounts of the HS-451A+5%A, HS-451A+10%A, and HS-451A+15%A electrolytes are shown in Table 1-3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种铝电解电容器用的电解液及使用该电解液的铝电解电容器，所述电解液包括主溶质和主溶剂，还包括如下结构式1所示的添加剂，其中，R1、R2各自独立地选自-CH3、-CH2CH3或-OH，R3、R4各自独立地选自-(CH2CH2O)mH或-H，其中n、m为1-10000之间的任意整数。所述电解液具有很强的防腐蚀性能，能够在氯离子含量较高的情况下，保持较长的负载寿命，解剖电容器未发现腐蚀迹象。

Description

铝电解电容器用的电解液及使用该电解液的铝电解电容器 技术领域
本发明涉及铝电解电容器技术领域，尤其涉及一种铝电解电容器用的电解液及使用该电解液的铝电解电容器。
背景技术
铝电解电容器防腐蚀主要是防止氯离子的腐蚀。其在制作或清洗过程中，或者在原材料中引入了有机氯或氯离子，在电容器的长期使用过程中，有机氯游离出氯离子，聚集在阳极氧化膜薄弱部位，容易造成阳极铝箔和引线腐蚀而导致电容器失效。
电解液防腐蚀剂是一类添加剂，该类添加剂能捕获Cl-，与Cl-形成络合物，沉积在铝箔表面上保护和防止铝箔被腐蚀，能抑制Al3+溶出，起到封杀金属离子的作用。CN201010197158提到使用的防腐蚀剂是硝基三氮硼、8-羟基喹啉、乙二胺四乙酸、氨三乙酸、柠檬酸银中的一种或几种混合物，或者他们的全部混合物。不过这几类防腐蚀添加剂的添加量都比较小，在1％以下，加的量过多会有其他副作用，因此防腐蚀效果不是特别明显。
硝基三氮硼烷能捕获Cl-而形成分子化合物。不过硝基三氮硼烷在常温下有挥发性，易水解，并产生氢、氨及硼酸。在贮存过程中，在光照下，有爆炸的危险。该品有极性，反应性极强，其中氢原子可被许多有机烃、芳烃置换。8-羟基喹啉添加量不能超过1％，否则会影响防爆性能。
8-羟基喹啉能与溶出的Al3+形成络合物。乙二胺四乙酸、氨三乙酸等氨基多羧类化合物是络合剂，能与Cl-作用生成络合物，并能抑制Al3+的溶出。不过乙二胺四乙酸含量不能多加，多了容易使导针在含浸的时候发黑。氨三乙酸为三元中强酸，对氧化铝保护膜有一定的侵蚀作用，添加后会导致电容器漏电流增 加。
柠檬酸银与Cl-形成AgCl沉淀物。不过由于银化物溶解度小，溶解量小，而且含有贵金属银，在成本方面比较贵，在实际中很少使用。
发明内容
本发明提供一种铝电解电容器用的电解液及使用该电解液的铝电解电容器，该电解液具有很强的防腐蚀性能，能够在氯离子含量较高的情况下，保持较长的负载寿命，解剖电容器未发现腐蚀迹象。
根据本发明的第一方面，本发明提供一种铝电解电容器用的电解液，包括主溶质和主溶剂，还包括如下结构式1所示的添加剂，
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000001
其中，R1、R2各自独立地选自-CH3、-CH2CH3或-OH，R3、R4各自独立地选自-(CH2CH2O)mH或-H，其中n、m为1-10000之间的任意整数。
进一步地，上述添加剂在上述电解液中的含量是上述电解液总质量的5％-10％。
进一步地，上述添加剂是如下化合物1所示的物质，
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000002
进一步地，上述主溶质是支链双羧酸1,4-DDA的铵盐；上述主溶剂是乙二醇。
进一步地，上述电解液还包括配合溶质；优选地，上述配合溶质是直链双羧酸癸二酸铵。
进一步地，上述电解液还包括溶剂稳定剂；优选地，上述溶剂稳定剂是乙二醇聚合物，更优选二甘醇或聚乙二醇。
进一步地，上述电解液还包括化成提升剂；优选地，上述化成提升剂是次亚磷酸铵。
进一步地，上述电解液还包括吸氢剂；优选地，上述吸氢剂是硝基苯化合物，更优选对硝基苯甲醇。
根据本发明的第二方面，本发明提供一种铝电解电容器，包括第一方面的电解液。
进一步地，上述铝电解电容器是电压为450～500V的铝电解电容器。
本发明的电解液含有结构式1所示的添加剂，具有很强的防腐蚀性能，能够在氯离子含量较高的情况下，保持较长的负载寿命。已经证实，在450～500V铝电解电容器中，添加5ppm氯离子后105℃负载寿命5000小时结果良好，解剖电容器未发现腐蚀迹象。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
现有的防腐蚀添加剂由于溶解度、对电性能的破坏、成本等各方面考虑，含量不能多加，电解液的防腐蚀作用不明显，只有延缓腐蚀的效果。目前市场上还没有防腐蚀效果明显的450～500V铝电解电容器用电解液。
本发明发现，如下结构式1所示的添加剂，能够明显改善电解液的防腐蚀效果，在结构式1所示的添加剂中，R1、R2各自独立地选自-CH3、-CH2CH3或-OH，R3、R4各自独立地选自-(CH2CH2O)mH或-H，其中n、m为1-10000之间 的任意整数。已经证实，R1、R2各自的基团碳原子的数目不宜太多，否则会影响其防腐蚀性能的发挥，发明人证实R1、R2各自的基团碳原子的数目是1或2的情况下，或者R1、R2各自独立地是-OH的情况下，其防腐蚀性能优异，当R1、R2各自的基团碳原子的数目超过2的情况下，性能会有所下降。
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000003
在本发明的一个实施方案中，本发明的铝电解电容器用的电解液，包括主溶质和主溶剂，还包括如下结构式1所示的添加剂，
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000004
其中，R1、R2各自独立地选自-CH3、-CH2CH3或-OH，R3、R4各自独立地选自-(CH2CH2O)mH或-H，其中n、m为1-10000之间的任意整数。
本发明中，结构式1所示的添加剂为表面活性剂，具有亲油疏水的非极性碳链端，和亲水疏油的极性端，亲水端在氧化膜表面吸附，亲油端向外防止其他基团的侵入，因此能阻止其他离子侵蚀氧化膜，同时也提高了氧化膜的耐压。
本发明中，结构式1所示的添加剂由于其表面活性剂的特殊性质，能在电解液中大量溶解，不过添加过多也会影响氧化膜的修复，导致放置漏电流过大、损耗正切角过大。本发明经过试验，发现添加5％-10％效果最好，添加5％以下防腐蚀效果下降，添加10％以上损耗正切角较大，不利于实现优异的综合性能。
在本发明的一个实施例中，添加剂是如下化合物1所示的物质，
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000005
在本发明的一个实施例中，主溶质是支链双羧酸1,4-DDA的铵盐；主溶剂是乙二醇。
为了提高溶质的稳定性，在本发明的一个实施例中，电解液还包括配合溶质；该配合溶质可以是直链双羧酸癸二酸铵。
为了提高溶剂的稳定性，在本发明的一个实施例中，电解液还包括溶剂稳定剂；该溶剂稳定剂可以是乙二醇聚合物，例如二甘醇或聚乙二醇。
为了提高化成效率，降低漏电流，在本发明的一个实施例中，电解液还包括化成提升剂；该化成提升剂可以是磷酸盐，例如可采用次亚磷酸铵。
为了减少电容器凸底，在本发明的一个实施例中，电解液还包括吸氢剂；该吸氢剂可以是硝基苯化合物，例如对硝基苯甲醇。
在本发明的一个最优选的实施例中，使用支链双羧酸1,4-DDA的铵盐作为主溶质；直链双羧酸癸二酸铵作为配合溶质，提高了溶质的稳定性；乙二醇为主溶剂；二甘醇或聚乙二醇1000等乙二醇聚合物作为溶剂稳定剂；次亚磷酸铵等磷酸盐作为化成提升剂，提高化成效率，降低漏电流；对硝基苯甲醇等硝基苯化合物作为吸氢剂，减少电容器凸底。电解液配方的优化使得电解液对应的电容器性能达到较佳水平。
使用本发明的电解液的铝电解电容器，其电压能够实现450～500V，目前的添加剂还不能实现这种高电压铝电解电容器。
本发明的电解液含有结构式1所示的添加剂，具有很强的防腐蚀性能，能够在氯离子含量较高的情况下，保持较长的负载寿命。已经证实，在450～500V铝电解电容器中，添加5ppm氯离子后105℃负载寿命5000小时结果良好，解 剖电容器未发现腐蚀迹象。
本发明中的添加剂为特定结构的含硅的有机化合物，能与Cl-形成分子化合物，因此具有防腐蚀功能。引入Cl-后，Cl-往阳极移动，添加剂捕捉Cl-后，将由Cl-代替分子中的活性基团，形成稳定的分子化合物，从而阻止了Cl-腐蚀氧化铝膜。
本发明中的添加剂，可以通过1-5种如下结构式2所示的物质在溶剂、催化剂的作用下加热反应1-6天，再减压除去低沸点物质，而制得。
其中，结构式2所示的物质为硅烷偶联剂，分子通式如下：
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000006
其中，X为可水解的基团；Y为有机官能团，能与树脂起反应。X通常是甲氧基、乙氧基、甲氧基乙氧基、乙酰氧基等，这些基团水解时即生成硅醇(Si(OH)3)。Y通常是乙烯基、氨基、环氧基、甲基丙烯酰氧基、巯基、甲氧基、乙氧基或脲基与(CH2)n的结合基团(n＝0～3)。
溶剂可以为水或有机溶剂的一种或它们的混合物，有机溶剂可为酮类、酯类、醇类等溶剂，优选为丙醇、乙二醇、二甘醇、丁醇等醇类溶剂。
催化剂可以为酸类或碱类，可以是乙酸、丙酸等有机羧酸，也可以是磷酸、硼酸等无机酸，也可以是有机胺、氨水等碱类物质。
以下通过具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。应当理解，实施例仅是示例性的，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限制。
以下实施例中使用的添加剂是如下的化合物1：
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000007
其制备实施方法 如下：γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷40份、四甲氧基硅烷10份、二甲氧基硅烷7份，与溶剂乙二醇33份、水7份，硼酸3份，一起加热到80-90℃反应2天，再保持温度，抽真空除去低沸点物质，得到粘稠的物质，该物质主要成分为化合物1，可能还有一些未除去的反应物或一些生成的低沸点物质。本实施例中，用A表示化合物1。
在HS-451A电解液中添加防腐蚀添加剂A，含量分别为5％、10％、15％，所有电解液均添加5ppm Cl-进行加速试验，做成450V 330μf，
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000008
的电容器老化后做105℃加速寿命试验，0H、250H、500H后每500H测试一次，每批次做20个电容器，每次测试完剥开一个电容器观察是否腐蚀，如果有电容器失效也解剖观察。
其中，HS-451A+5％A、HS-451A+10％A、HS-451A+15％A电解液的各材料和添加量如表1-3所示。
表1 HS-451A+5％A电解液
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000009
表2 HS-451A+10％A电解液
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000010
表3 HS-451A+15％A电解液
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000011
未加Cl-前电解液参数记录如表4。
表4
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000012
腐蚀和失效结果记录如表5所示。从表5可以看出，添加了防腐蚀添加剂A后，腐蚀延缓。添加不同含量A后防腐蚀效果：15％>10％>5％。不过添加15％A后115℃负载6500H损耗正切角(DF)较大而失效。
表5电容器防腐蚀效果对比
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-000014
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换， 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种铝电解电容器用的电解液，包括主溶质和主溶剂，其特征在于，还包括如下结构式1所示的添加剂，
    Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-100001
    其中，R1、R2各自独立地选自-CH3、-CH2CH3或-OH，R3、R4各自独立地选自-(CH2CH2O)mH或-H，其中n、m为1-10000之间的任意整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的铝电解电容器用的电解液，其特征在于，所述添加剂在所述电解液中的含量是所述电解液总质量的5％-10％。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝电解电容器用的电解液，其特征在于，所述添加剂是如下化合物1所示的物质，
    Figure PCTCN2016113058-appb-100002
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝电解电容器用的电解液，其特征在于，所述主溶质是支链双羧酸1,4-DDA的铵盐；所述主溶剂是乙二醇。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝电解电容器用的电解液，其特征在于，所述电解液还包括配合溶质；优选地，所述配合溶质是直链双羧酸癸二酸铵。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝电解电容器用的电解液，其特征在于，所述电解液还包括溶剂稳定剂；优选地，所述溶剂稳定剂是乙二醇聚合物，更优选二甘醇或聚乙二醇。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝电解电容器用的电解液，其特征在于，所述电解液还包括化成提升剂；优选地，所述化成提升剂是次亚磷酸铵。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝电解电容器用的电解液，其特征在于，所述电解液还包括吸氢剂；优选地，所述吸氢剂是硝基苯化合物，更优选对硝基苯甲醇。
  9. 一种铝电解电容器，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-8任一项所述的电解液。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的铝电解电容器，其特征在于，所述铝电解电容器是电压为450～500V的铝电解电容器。
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