WO2018042611A1 - Système de climatisation de réfrigération - Google Patents

Système de climatisation de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018042611A1
WO2018042611A1 PCT/JP2016/075754 JP2016075754W WO2018042611A1 WO 2018042611 A1 WO2018042611 A1 WO 2018042611A1 JP 2016075754 W JP2016075754 W JP 2016075754W WO 2018042611 A1 WO2018042611 A1 WO 2018042611A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
defrosting
evaporator
refrigeration air
air conditioning
refrigeration
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PCT/JP2016/075754
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昌彦 中川
隆義 飯田
一孝 小倉
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三菱電機株式会社
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Filing date
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2018536631A priority Critical patent/JPWO2018042611A1/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2016/075754 priority patent/WO2018042611A1/fr
Priority to GB1821201.9A priority patent/GB2568404A/en
Priority to US16/311,895 priority patent/US20190203994A1/en
Publication of WO2018042611A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018042611A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2347/00—Details for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion
    • F25B2347/02—Details of defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2347/00—Details for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion
    • F25B2347/02—Details of defrosting cycles
    • F25B2347/021—Alternate defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2347/00—Details for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion
    • F25B2347/02—Details of defrosting cycles
    • F25B2347/023—Set point defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/01—Timing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/11—Sensor to detect if defrost is necessary
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/17—Speeds
    • F25B2700/173—Speeds of the evaporator fan
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F25B2700/21172—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F25B2700/21173—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21174—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21175—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration and air conditioning system that includes a plurality of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment that cools the same cooled space, and a system controller that comprehensively manages these refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, and also performs a defrosting operation.
  • each of the refrigeration and air conditioning apparatuses having a plurality of independent refrigerant cycles includes a frosting detection unit and an indoor coil temperature detection unit. Until one of the devices is in the defrosting operation and after the defrosting operation is finished, until the indoor coil temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the defrosting operation of the other refrigeration and air conditioning equipment is stopped and the defrosting operation of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment is sequentially controlled. It is configured.
  • the above-described conventional refrigeration and air conditioning system performs a defrosting operation on only one of the refrigeration and air conditioning devices and stops the remaining refrigeration and air conditioning devices when a plurality of refrigeration and air conditioning devices satisfy the defrosting operation start condition at the same time. Since it is a system, there is a possibility that the cooling capacity of the entire system is greatly reduced.
  • This invention was made in order to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to ensure reliability as a refrigeration and air conditioning system, to maintain cooling capacity, and to save energy by maintaining an optimal defrosting interval.
  • a refrigerating and air-conditioning system in which the three parties can be juxtaposed is obtained.
  • a refrigerating and air-conditioning system comprises a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are connected in an annular shape, and an operating state detecting unit that detects an operating state of the refrigerant circuit.
  • a plurality of independent refrigeration units comprising: frost detection means for detecting frost formation on the refrigerant pipe surface of the evaporator; defrosting means for removing frost formation on the evaporator; and a controller for controlling the operation of the refrigerant circuit It is composed of an air conditioner and a system controller that is connected to the controllers of the plurality of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment and integrates and manages the operation of the plurality of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, and the evaporators of the plurality of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment are all the same
  • the system controller is configured to perform the defrosting operation by the defrosting unit based on the operation state of each refrigeration air conditioner detected by the operation state detection unit.
  • the defrosting start time calculation means for calculating the scheduled defrosting start time of each refrigeration and air-conditioning apparatus that starts the defrosting, and the defrosting means based on the scheduled defrosting start time calculated by the defrosting start time calculation means.
  • Defrosting operation control means for controlling the frost operation, and the defrosting operation control means of the system controller is calculated for the scheduled defrosting start time calculated for a certain refrigeration air conditioner and for other refrigeration air conditioners.
  • a defrost start command signal is sent to the defrosting means of a certain refrigeration air conditioner. It is characterized by sending.
  • the refrigerating and air-conditioning system of the present invention commands the start of the defrosting operation in advance even if the defrosting start condition is not satisfied when the time interval difference between the defrosting start times between the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatuses is small. Since it comprised, it becomes possible to suppress the possibility that several freezing air-conditioning equipment will start a defrost operation simultaneously to the minimum.
  • Embodiment 1 It is a schematic block diagram which shows the control system of the whole refrigeration air conditioning system in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the block configuration of each refrigeration air conditioning apparatus in the refrigeration air conditioning system of the said Embodiment 1. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the block configuration of the system controller in the refrigeration air conditioning system of the said Embodiment 1. It is a figure of the flowchart which shows the immediate defrost start command output operation
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a control system of the entire refrigeration air conditioning system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a block configuration of each refrigeration air conditioning equipment in the refrigeration air conditioning system
  • FIG. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the block configuration of the system controller in an air conditioning system.
  • the refrigerating and air-conditioning system is connected to four refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatuses G1 to G4 and controllers b1 to b4 of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatuses G1 to G4 via a communication line 11 so as to be capable of bidirectional communication.
  • the system controller 100 that integrally manages the operation of the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4, and the cooled space 10 in which all the evaporators of the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4 are arranged in the space.
  • the above-described system controller 100 performs overall management of the entire system while performing mutual communication with the controllers b1 to b4 of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipments G1 to G4.
  • the refrigerating and air-conditioning devices G1 to G4 are independent from each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat source devices c1 to c4 having the compressor 21, the condenser 22, the accumulator 25, etc., the expansion valve 23, Unit coolers a1 to a4 having an evaporator 24 and the like, and controllers b1 to b4 having operation control means 34 for controlling the operations of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatuses G1 to G4, respectively.
  • the compressor 21, the condenser 22, the expansion valve 23, and the evaporator 24 are annularly connected via the refrigerant pipe 28, whereby the refrigerant circuit 32 is obtained.
  • the condenser 22 of the refrigerant circuit 32 exchanges refrigerant heat by blowing air from the blower fan 30, and the evaporator 24 exchanges heat of refrigerant by blowing air from the blower fan 31.
  • each of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipments G1 to G4 includes an operation state detection unit 35 that detects the operation state of the refrigerant circuit 32, a frost detection unit SA that detects frost adhering to the refrigerant pipe surface of the evaporator 24, and A defrosting means 33 for removing frost formation on the evaporator 24 is provided.
  • the frosting detection means SA is composed of, for example, an infrared sensor.
  • the defrosting means 33 is provided in the middle of the bypass pipe 29 and the bypass pipe 29 bypassed between the compressor 21 and the condenser 22 in the refrigerant circuit 32 and between the expansion valve 23 and the evaporator 24, for example.
  • the electromagnetic open / close valve 27 and the electromagnetic open / close valve 26 disposed downstream of the condenser 22 in the refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit 32.
  • the normal cooling operation of the refrigerant circuit 32 is performed in a state where the electromagnetic on-off valve 26 is opened and the electromagnetic on-off valve 27 is fully closed.
  • the defrosting operation is performed in a state where the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 26 is fully closed and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27 is opened.
  • the controllers b1 to b4 are constituted by, for example, a microcomputer and have a function of operation control means 34 for controlling the operation of the refrigerant circuit 32.
  • the operating state detection means 35 includes an evaporator inlet refrigerant temperature detection means MI for detecting the refrigerant temperature at the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 24, and an evaporator outlet refrigerant temperature detection for detecting the refrigerant temperature at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 24.
  • Low pressure detection means LP for detecting the pressure on the downstream side of the vessel 24, blower fan rotation speed detection means RA for detecting the fan rotation speed of the blower fan 31 blowing to the evaporator 24, and frost detection means SA. Detection values or detection values of these means are input to the data input sections of the controllers b1 to b4.
  • the system controller 100 is configured around a CPU 40, and includes a nonvolatile memory ME, a clock C and a timer for measuring processing time and the like, and a data bus having an input / output port. DB etc. are provided.
  • a communication line 11 for capturing signals from the controllers b1 to b4 of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment G1 to G4 and a remote controller 36 for capturing setting data from the outside are connected.
  • a communication line 11 for outputting a control command signal to the controllers b1 to b4 of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipments G1 to G4 is connected.
  • the CPU 40 has functions of an integrated management unit 41, a scheduled defrost start time calculation unit 42, a defrost operation control unit 43, an integrated cooling operation calculation unit 44, and a cooling operation operation rate calculation unit 45, which will be described in detail later.
  • Each of these functions is stored in advance in the memory ME as program data, but is taken out from the memory ME and used by the CPU 40 as necessary.
  • the memory ME is set and inputted from the remote controller 36, data related to the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment G1 to G4, target setting data (1 ° C., 2 ° C., 3 ° C., etc.) Set time data (1 minute, 30 minutes, etc.) are stored in advance, and various operating state data detected and detected by the above-described detection / detection means and their history data or calculated defrost start schedule Time sort data, system capability / necessary capability target ratio data, etc. are also stored and used sequentially.
  • the controllers b1 to b4 of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatuses G1 to G4 hold the initial value X of the operation time until the next defrosting start in their own memory, and the integrated cooling operation time exceeds the initial value X.
  • the defrosting start condition is satisfied by either the refrigerant superheat degree at the outlet of the evaporator 24 being lower than a predetermined target value.
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator 24 is deteriorated due to the progress of frosting, and the refrigerant is less likely to evaporate from the cooling operation operating rate of the device obtained from the initial value X and the thermo ON / OFF interval.
  • each defrosting start time calculation means 42 of the CPU 40 starts the defrosting operation by the defrosting means 33 based on the operation state of each of the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4 detected by the operation state detection means 35.
  • the scheduled defrosting start times of the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4 are respectively calculated.
  • the CPU 40 of the system controller 100 arranges the scheduled defrosting start times transmitted from the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4 in time series and sorts them in order from the current time.
  • the scheduled defrosting start time T1 of the refrigeration air-conditioning equipment close to the current time is set as a determination target (step S2).
  • step S3 It is determined whether or not the target start time interval set in the ME (30 minutes in this example) is exceeded. If the calculated time interval exceeds the target start time interval (No in step S3), the process proceeds to step S4 and step S5, and the processes in steps S3 to S5 are repeated for all the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4. On the other hand, when the calculated time interval is equal to or less than the target start time interval in step S3 (Yes), the defrosting operation control means 43 of the system controller 100 is the freezing in which the latest scheduled defrost start time Ti is set. A defrost start command signal is transmitted to the controller of the air conditioner (step S6). The controller of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment that has received the defrosting start command signal drives the defrosting means 33 to execute the defrosting operation of the evaporator 24.
  • the defrosting operation control means 43 of the system controller 100 is the time between the scheduled defrost start time calculated for a certain refrigeration air conditioner and the latest scheduled defrost start time calculated for another refrigeration air conditioner.
  • a defrost start command signal is transmitted to the defrosting means 35 of a certain refrigeration air conditioner.
  • the defrost operation control means 43 controls the defrost operation by the defrost means 35 based on the defrost start scheduled time calculated by the defrost start scheduled time calculation means 42.
  • the system controller 100 monitors whether or not the difference in scheduled defrosting start time Ti between the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4 is less than the time Y required for the defrosting operation of the unit, and Ti ⁇ Y.
  • the defrost start scheduled time is earliest, for example, the immediate defrost start is commanded to the refrigeration air conditioner G1.
  • the determination of “Ti ⁇ Y?” Is resumed, and if Ti that satisfies Ti ⁇ Y again exists, it is removed from the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment G3 with the next scheduled start time.
  • Command frost start This control is repeatedly performed, and when a plurality of refrigeration air conditioners inevitably satisfy the defrost start condition, the defrost operation is started for each refrigeration air conditioner that satisfies the defrost start condition.
  • the start condition is satisfied when the time interval of the scheduled defrost start time between the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4 is smaller than the time required for defrosting. Even if it is not, since the start of the defrosting operation is commanded in advance, it is possible to minimize the possibility that a plurality of refrigeration air conditioners simultaneously start the defrosting operation. In addition, since each of the refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4 starts the defrosting operation when the frosting amount is less than or equal to the assumed frosting amount, the liquid back operation to the compressor 21 due to excessive frosting can be prevented. Energy saving effect by shortening the frost time can also be obtained. Furthermore, since the defrost interval is closer to the optimum interval than the schedule method for specifying the defrost start time, it is possible to improve the energy saving performance in the entire cycle in which cooling and defrost are repeated.
  • the cumulative cooling operation time and the refrigerant superheat degree at the evaporator outlet are used as the origin of the defrost start scheduled time calculation means 42 that calculates and estimates the defrost start scheduled time.
  • the origin of the defrosting scheduled start time calculating means in addition to this, for example, as described in Japanese Patent No.
  • frost formation composed of a light emitting element made of LED and a light receiving element made of LED
  • a method using a detection device a method for detecting a decrease in the fan rotation speed RA of the blower fan 31 due to an increase in the in-machine static pressure of the unit cooler due to frost formation, an intake air temperature of the evaporator 24 by the evaporator intake air temperature detection means MAI And the refrigerant temperature at the inlet of the evaporator 24 over time, and the change in the heat exchange efficiency due to frost formation is observed over time. It is also possible to adopt a numerical method. Furthermore, by using a combination of a plurality of methods having different detection parameters as described above, it is possible to accurately estimate the defrosting start scheduled time for more various environmental conditions and applications.
  • FIG. 1 the control described in the first embodiment is improved so that a plurality of refrigeration air conditioners G1 to G4 can be defrosted without affecting the required cooling capacity.
  • This second embodiment also relates to the same control as the refrigeration air conditioning system shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a flowchart for determining the defrosting start command in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. The example of the operation
  • the system controller 100 arranges the scheduled defrosting start times transmitted from the refrigeration / air conditioning devices G1 to G4 in time series, and sets the time between the refrigeration / air conditioning devices G1 to G4. It is the same as that of Embodiment 1 until it is monitored whether the difference Ti of the scheduled defrost start time is less than the time Y (30 minutes in the example of FIG. 5) required for the defrost operation of the unit. In addition, the following control is performed in order to determine whether or not a plurality of refrigerating and air-conditioning devices can be simultaneously defrosted.
  • step S3 when the calculated time interval is equal to or less than the target start time interval (Yes), the defrosting operation control unit 43 of the system controller 100 determines the necessary cooling capacity and refrigerant in the space to be cooled 10 (refrigerator).
  • step S7 the number of groups simultaneously starting defrosting operation (variable j in the example of FIG. 5) is first set to 1 (step S7), and 1 to j defrosting operations are performed.
  • the system cooling capacity Qj at the time is calculated (step S8).
  • step S9 it is determined whether or not the calculated system cooling capacity Qj is less than the necessary capacity.
  • step S13 If the time interval is less than or equal to the target start time interval in step S12 (No), the number of groups j that simultaneously start the defrosting operation is increased by 1 (step S13), the process returns to step S8, and all the refrigeration air conditioners G1 The processes of steps S8, S9, S12, and S13 are repeated for .about.G4.
  • step S11 the system cooling capacity Qk at the time of defrosting operation of 2 to k groups is calculated, and the process proceeds to step S14.
  • step S14 it is determined whether or not the calculated system cooling capacity Qk is less than the necessary capacity. If the system cooling capacity Qk is less than the required capacity in step S14 (Yes), an appropriate operation pattern (see FIG. 6 described later) is selected in step S15, and the controller of the refrigeration / air conditioning equipment determined to start defrosting there. The defrost start command signal is transmitted (step S16). If the system cooling capacity Qk is greater than or equal to the required capacity in step S14 (No), the processes in steps S18, S11, S14, and S17 are repeated until k becomes equal to j.
  • defrosting is performed.
  • the number of groups starting the defrosting operation (variable j in the example of FIG. 5) is increased one by one with respect to the group scheduled to start the defrosting at 30 minutes from the start) This is repeated until the system cooling capacity Qj becomes “Qj ⁇ required capacity”.
  • FIG. 6 shows in FIG. 6 about the selection aspect of multiple apparatus simultaneous defrost pattern.
  • a combination (pattern 1 and pattern 2) satisfying the necessary capacity (20 kW in this embodiment) is stored as a selectable pattern.
  • the system capability Qk is used as a determination material for determining whether to perform the first defrosting operation or the second defrosting operation.
  • pattern 1 When pattern 1 is selected, group 4 starts defrosting at 10:30, but since defrosting start of group 3 is scheduled at 10:35, pattern 5 is entered and system capacity is insufficient. Therefore, this cannot be selected. Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, pattern 2 is selected and a defrosting start command is transmitted to group 1 and group 4.
  • the defrosting operation of a plurality of refrigeration air conditioners can be performed simultaneously within a range satisfying the necessary capacity of the system, three or more refrigeration air conditioners can be operated in a short time. Even if defrosting is planned, the system can be operated without reaching capacity shortage.
  • the defrosting operation of the first refrigeration air-conditioning device is performed in advance, and a plurality of defrosting operations are performed on the second and subsequent refrigeration air-conditioning devices, the determination target is also included. In addition, it is possible to prevent a case where the first defrosting operation first leads to a lack of capacity after leakage.
  • all the refrigeration air conditioners in the same group are targeted for operation pattern selection.
  • the operation pattern selection logic is Since it may be complicated and may lead to a decrease in performance of the system controller 100, for example, a candidate for which the prediction accuracy of the scheduled defrost start time is determined to be low, for example, the scheduled defrost start time is 3 hours or more is selected By removing it, it is possible to reduce the system calculation load.
  • the operation pattern selection target is a group that can start the defrosting operation until the first refrigeration air-conditioning apparatus finishes the defrosting.
  • the defrosting is simultaneously performed due to restrictions such as the breaker capacity.
  • Embodiment 3 In the third embodiment, in addition to the control described in the first and second embodiments, energy saving operation during the cooling operation can be realized by performing the capacity saving operation when there is a margin in the system cooling capacity. It is a thing.
  • This third embodiment also relates to the same control as the refrigeration air conditioning system shown in FIG. 1, and the determination of the defrosting start command is the same as in the second embodiment and follows the contents of the flowchart shown in FIG. Done.
  • the system controller 100 determines whether or not the current system capacity is excessive with respect to the necessary capacity in addition to the optimum control of the defrosting operation interval described in the second embodiment. Therefore, control is performed to stop some of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment when the capacity is excessive.
  • step S21 the capacity saving operation control shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7 is executed in parallel with the optimum control of the defrosting operation interval shown in the flowchart of FIG.
  • the system controller 100 first determines whether or not the ratio of the system capacity to the required capacity exceeds 150% (step S21). If the capacity ratio exceeds 150% in step S21 (Yes), it is determined in step S22 whether or not the internal temperature in the space to be cooled 10 has increased, and if the internal temperature has not increased. (Yes), the process proceeds to step S23. In step S23, it is determined whether or not the operating frequency, which is a drive signal sent to the inverter motor MV of the compressor 21, is continuously decreasing.
  • step S24 If the operating frequency is continuously decreasing (Yes), the time A thermo stop command signal is transmitted to the controller of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment i having the smallest interval (Ti-T (i-1)) (step S24). On the other hand, if the operation frequency is not continuously decreased in step S23 (No), whether or not the low pressure of the refrigerant circuit 32 downstream in the refrigerant flow direction from the expansion valve 23 is continuously decreased in step S25. If the low pressure continues to drop (Yes), the process of step S24 described above is performed. If the low pressure is not continuously decreased in step S25 (No), the process returns to step S22, and the processes of steps S22, S23, and S25 are repeatedly executed.
  • the required cooling capacity in the space to be cooled 10 is compared with the cooling capacity for each group and the system capacity obtained based on the unit cooler heat generation amount during the defrosting operation.
  • the routine proceeds to the capacity saving operation routine. That is, in the routine of this capacity saving operation, each of the internal temperature detected by the evaporator intake air temperature detection means MAI, the operating frequency to the compressor 21, and the low pressure at the evaporation temperature detected by the low pressure detection means. After confirming that the system capacity has a margin with respect to the cooling load in the space to be cooled 10 by the transition, as shown in FIG. Among the groups having the shortest time interval of the scheduled frost start time, those with the latest scheduled defrost start time are thermo-stopped.
  • thermo-stopped in addition to the optimal control of the defrosting operation interval described in the second embodiment, some refrigeration / air-conditioning devices are thermo-stopped when there is a margin in the cooling capacity of the system. Therefore, further energy saving operation can be realized while maintaining the necessary cooling capacity. Even if the system capacity falls below the required capacity due to the thermo-stop, the control is to constantly monitor whether the internal temperature has risen, so the cooling operation of the refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment that has stopped at the appropriate timing should be resumed. Therefore, it is possible to manage both the internal temperature and energy-saving operation.
  • thermode stop of the group having the shortest defrosting start time among the groups having the shortest defrosting start time interval between groups, the interval of the defrosting start time is extended. At the same time, the risk of starting the defrosting operation can be reduced.
  • the refrigerating and air-conditioning system is characterized in that a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus having a difference between the current time and the scheduled defrosting start time not less than a predetermined value is excluded from the determination target. It is characterized in that the target is a certain number or less of the total number of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment in the system, and it is characterized in that capacity saving operation is performed when there is a margin in system cooling capacity. The defrosting operation is not performed when the refrigerant temperature at the inlet of the vessel is equal to or higher than a certain value.
  • the refrigeration and air conditioning system is applied to a commercial cold warehouse.
  • the refrigeration and air conditioning system of the present invention can also be applied to air conditioning of a certain room.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Ce système de climatisation de réfrigération comprend une pluralité de climatiseurs de réfrigération indépendants G1-G4 qui comportent un circuit de réfrigérant et un moyen de dégivrage, et un dispositif de commande de système (100) qui effectue une gestion intégrée de ceux-ci. Un moyen de commande d'opération de dégivrage du dispositif de commande de système transmet un signal de commande de démarrage de dégivrage au moyen de dégivrage d'un climatiseur de réfrigération lorsque l'intervalle de temps entre un temps de début de dégivrage planifié calculé pour ce climatiseur de réfrigération et le temps de début de dégivrage planifié le plus récent, après des calculs pour un autre climatiseur de réfrigération, est un intervalle de temps de début cible prédéfini ou plus court.
PCT/JP2016/075754 2016-09-02 2016-09-02 Système de climatisation de réfrigération WO2018042611A1 (fr)

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JP2018536631A JPWO2018042611A1 (ja) 2016-09-02 2016-09-02 冷凍空調システムおよびシステムコントローラ
PCT/JP2016/075754 WO2018042611A1 (fr) 2016-09-02 2016-09-02 Système de climatisation de réfrigération
GB1821201.9A GB2568404A (en) 2016-09-02 2016-09-02 Refrigeration air conditioning system
US16/311,895 US20190203994A1 (en) 2016-09-02 2016-09-02 Refrigerating and air-conditioning system and system controller

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WO2020111200A1 (fr) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-04 東芝キヤリア株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
JP2020128843A (ja) * 2019-02-08 2020-08-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷却システム用の冷凍装置、冷却システム、及び熱源ユニット
JP2020128846A (ja) * 2019-02-08 2020-08-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷却システム用の冷凍装置、冷却システム、熱源ユニット
WO2020208723A1 (fr) * 2019-04-09 2020-10-15 東芝キヤリア株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
CN114893865A (zh) * 2022-06-17 2022-08-12 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种空调化霜控制方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质

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EP3779302B1 (fr) * 2018-04-03 2023-09-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Système de climatisation
CN113483510B (zh) * 2021-07-20 2022-11-08 贵州省建筑设计研究院有限责任公司 一种空气源热泵除霜启停控制方法
CN115451532A (zh) * 2022-09-01 2022-12-09 海尔(深圳)研发有限责任公司 用于空调防冻结的控制方法、装置、空调、存储介质
CN115654654B (zh) * 2022-10-28 2024-06-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种空调化霜控制方法、装置及空调

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JP2020128843A (ja) * 2019-02-08 2020-08-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷却システム用の冷凍装置、冷却システム、及び熱源ユニット
JP2020128846A (ja) * 2019-02-08 2020-08-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷却システム用の冷凍装置、冷却システム、熱源ユニット
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CN113692518B (zh) * 2019-04-09 2023-03-28 东芝开利株式会社 空调装置
CN114893865A (zh) * 2022-06-17 2022-08-12 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种空调化霜控制方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质

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