WO2018036036A1 - 一种司机室头罩的安装结构及安装方法 - Google Patents

一种司机室头罩的安装结构及安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018036036A1
WO2018036036A1 PCT/CN2016/110690 CN2016110690W WO2018036036A1 WO 2018036036 A1 WO2018036036 A1 WO 2018036036A1 CN 2016110690 W CN2016110690 W CN 2016110690W WO 2018036036 A1 WO2018036036 A1 WO 2018036036A1
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Prior art keywords
hood
positioning
cab
vehicle body
head cover
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PCT/CN2016/110690
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
闵阳春
杨小荣
金希红
刘丰芹
张兴
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CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co Ltd
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CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co Ltd
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Priority to MYPI2019000941A priority Critical patent/MY201348A/en
Priority to SG11201810041PA priority patent/SG11201810041PA/en
Publication of WO2018036036A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018036036A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/02—Construction details of vehicle bodies reducing air resistance by modifying contour ; Constructional features for fast vehicles sustaining sudden variations of atmospheric pressure, e.g. when crossing in tunnels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/043—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures connections between superstructure sub-units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mounting structure and a mounting method of a driver's cab head cover, and is particularly suitable for the head cover installation of a rail vehicle.
  • the deformation of the FRP and carbon fiber hood is difficult to control, and the metal structure body is also deformed after welding, which results in the hood and the metal structure body line can not be aligned.
  • the first is to adjust the misalignment between the hood and the metal structure, but the disadvantage of this method is that there is still a gap between the hood and the body.
  • the height difference has an impact on the aerodynamic performance of the train when the train is running at high speed.
  • the second is to use the struts to correct the sides of the hood, so that the hood is aligned with the body line and then glued, but the glue cures for a long time (about 48h), waiting for the glue layer to fully cure before withdrawing.
  • the effect of the struts is that when the hood is corrected, other processes in the driver's cab cannot be operated, which prolongs the production cycle.
  • the pole adjuster The method can only be used when the size of the hood is smaller than the size of the metal body. If the size of the hood is larger than the size of the metal body, the struts cannot be adjusted.
  • the invention aims to provide a mounting structure and a mounting method for a driver's cab head cover, which can completely solve the problem of positioning when the head cover is installed, and the two types of line pairs caused by the deformation of the head cover and the metal structure body. Qi, long installation time, cracking of the rubber layer and so on.
  • a mounting structure of a cab hood comprising: a central positioning structure and a side positioning structure disposed between the hood and the vehicle body;
  • the central positioning structure includes a hood positioning member disposed at a head end and a tail end of the hood respectively, and a body positioning member disposed on the vehicle body, the body positioning member and the hood positioning member are coupled to the hood and the vehicle body in a lateral direction of the driver's cab Orientation;
  • the side positioning structure includes a plurality of positioning holes preset on the hood mounting surface and a plurality of positioning plates having holes formed in the side walls of the vehicle body, the positioning plates corresponding to the hood mounting surface
  • the positioning hole is fixedly connected by a fastener to fix the side wall of the hood and the vehicle body together, and an adjusting component is disposed between the positioning plate and the positioning hole on the mounting surface of the hood for making two hoods
  • the side surfaces are flush with the body.
  • the center positioning restricts the displacement of the head cover in the front-rear direction
  • the side positioning restricts the displacement of the head cover in the left-right direction.
  • the central positioning structure solves the problem of central positioning when the hood is installed, and fixes the positioning hole and the positioning plate by fasteners, thereby solving the problem of side positioning when the hood is installed.
  • the present invention can be further optimized, and the following is a technical solution formed after optimization:
  • the head cover positioning element and the body positioning element are both disposed along the front and rear sides of the longitudinal centerline of the cab, thereby limiting the displacement of the head cover relative to the front and rear direction of the vehicle body.
  • the hood positioning element and the body positioning element are staggered in a cross arrangement.
  • the hood positioning element and the body positioning element are locating pins or positioning blocks.
  • the hood mounting surface is pre-embedded with a screw hole plate, and the threaded hole of the screw hole plate forms the positioning hole.
  • the positioning plate extends upwardly with respect to the vehicle body, the fastener is a bolt, and the screw of the bolt sequentially passes through the hole and the adjusting component of the positioning plate, and is fixed to the positioning hole. Connected.
  • the positioning plate can be welded to the body.
  • the lower surface of the positioning plate is a slope adapted to the lower surface of the hood.
  • the adjustment element is an adjustment pad having a U-shaped slot.
  • an adhesive layer is disposed between the hood mounting surface and the vehicle body.
  • the present invention also provides a method of installing a cab hood using the cab hood mounting structure, comprising the steps of:
  • a lifting hood centrally positioning the hood and the vehicle body through a hood positioning component disposed on the hood and a body positioning component disposed on the vehicle body;
  • the positioning plate on the side wall of the vehicle body is fixedly connected with the positioning hole on the hood through the fastener;
  • the two side walls of the hood are topped by increasing the thickness of the adjusting component, and the two sides of the hood are fastened by fasteners when they are flush with the vehicle body.
  • the glue is applied between the hood mounting surface and the body after the fastener is fastened;
  • the two side walls of the hood are pulled inwardly by fastener fastening until the two sides of the hood are kept with the body Flush; preferably, the two sides of the hood are flush with the body and then glued between the hood mounting surface and the body.
  • the present invention first positions the center, and secondly positions the two sides.
  • the central positioning method of the hood is to adopt a positioning block on the front and rear sides of the longitudinal center line of the cab of the metal structure, and the two positioning blocks are staggered and arranged at the same time, and the positioning block is also arranged at the same position before and after the center of the hood, and the positioning blocks are also arranged at the same time.
  • the positioning block solves the problem of center positioning when the hood is installed.
  • positioning plates are arranged on the hood mounting surfaces on both sides of the metal structure driver's cab, and the positioning plate is provided with holes, and the screw holes are pre-buried at corresponding positions on both sides of the hood, when the hood is installed,
  • the deformation of both sides of the hood can be adjusted by using the positioning plate and the screw plate and the adjustment pad between them.
  • the thickness of the adjusting pad can be increased to make the hoods lie on the sides until the hoods are flush with the metal body; when the hoods are larger than the metal body, the hood can be reduced.
  • the positioning block and the positioning plate of the invention have simple structure and high positioning reliability
  • the hood installation method of the invention is fast, convenient and easy to operate;
  • the hood manufacturing method of the present invention cancels the original struts and does not affect the subsequent operation.
  • the adjustable mounting hood method of the present invention is not only feasible when the size of both sides of the hood is smaller than the size of the metal body, but also when the size of both sides of the hood is larger than the size of the metal body;
  • the hood installation method of the invention avoids the risk of cracking of the glue layer, and at the same time shares the force of the glue layer, so that the hood is safer and more reliable during operation.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the lateral positioning of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an outline view of the positioning plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an outline view of the adjustment pad of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a view taken along line A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a B-direction view of Figure 2 .
  • the center of the row is positioned, that is, the center of the metal structure body 2 is welded to the center of the joint area of the hood 1 to form a positioning block, and the front and rear positioning blocks are staggered along the center line.
  • a positioning block as a positioning member is embedded in the center of the joint region of the metal cover body 2 at the front and rear positions of the head cover 1, and the front and rear positioning blocks are arranged opposite to the positioning block on the metal structure along the center line.
  • the two-side positioning structure is such that the positioning plate 5 is evenly arranged on the connection area between the two sides of the metal structure body 2 and the head cover 1 (the number is set as needed), the positioning plate 5 and the metal structure body 2
  • the welding is fixed to ensure the strength of the positioning plate 5, and the waist plate-shaped hole is opened on the positioning plate 5, so that the head cover 1 can be adjusted up and down and front and rear.
  • a screw hole plate is pre-buried at a position corresponding to the head cover 1, and an adjustment pad of different thickness is disposed between the screw hole plate and the positioning plate 5.
  • the positioning plate 5 and the screw hole plate are connected by bolts.
  • the sides of the head cover 1 can be externally topped by increasing the thickness of the adjustment pad, and the bolts are tightened after being adjusted, and then the glue is applied.
  • the thickness of the adjusting pad can be reduced, and the two sides of the hood 1 can be pulled inward by fastening bolts, and then the glue is adjusted. After the glue is dry, the bolts are not cancelled, and the head cover 1 is also fastened.
  • the central positioning block of the invention as a positioning element can also be a locating pin.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

一种司机室头罩的安装结构及安装方法，所述司机室头罩的安装结构包括设置在头罩（1）和车身（2）之间的中心定位结构和侧定位结构；所述中心定位结构包括头罩定位元件和车身定位元件，所述车身定位元件与所述头罩定位元件配合在司机室横向方向进行定位；所述侧定位结构包括预设在头罩（1）安装面上的多个定位孔和固定在车身（2）侧壁上的定位板（5），所述定位板（5）与所述头罩（1）安装面上的定位孔通过紧固件固定相连，且在定位板（5）与所述头罩（1）安装面上的定位孔之间设有调整元件。上述司机室头罩的安装结构彻底解决了头罩安装时定位困难，以及由于头罩和金属结构车身变形所带来的两者型线对不齐、安装时间长、胶层开裂等问题。

Description

一种司机室头罩的安装结构及安装方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种司机室头罩的安装结构及安装方法，尤其适用于轨道车辆的头罩安装。
背景技术
随着轨道交通的大幅提速，以及用户对车辆外观的要求提高，导致对车辆的轴重要求越来越轻和对司机室的流线型曲面造型要求更加复杂。
为适应上述变化，则司机室若全部采用传统的金属材料则难以满足，所以只能采用重量较轻、成型容易的玻璃钢或者是碳纤维头罩加金属结构承载车身来代替。然而，采用玻璃钢和碳纤维头罩所带来的问题有以下两点：
一是头罩在与金属车身进行配合安装时定位困难，目前暂没有解决方法；
二是玻璃钢和碳纤维头罩成型变形较难控制，同时金属结构车身在焊接后也存在着变形，这就导致头罩与金属结构车身的型线无法对齐。
针对该问题目前主要有两种解决方法：第一种是通过头罩与金属结构之间的粘接胶层来调节两者的错位，但该方法存在的弊端就是头罩与车身之间仍存在着高度差，在列车高速运行时，对列车的气动性能有影响。第二种是使用撑杆对头罩两侧进行矫正，使得头罩与车身的型线对齐，然后打胶，但胶的固化时间较长(约为48h)，要等待胶层完全固化后才能撤掉撑杆，因此带来的影响是在对头罩进行矫正时，司机室内的其他工序无法操作，延长了生产周期。同时在完成头罩打胶处理后，由于存在预应力，撤掉撑杆后头罩仍会回弹，则胶层长期处于受剪应力，存在着开裂的风险。同时撑杆调节方 法只能在头罩两侧尺寸小于金属车身尺寸时使用，若头罩两侧尺寸大于金属车身尺寸时，无法使用撑杆调节。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种司机室头罩的安装结构及安装方法，该安装结构可以彻底解决头罩安装时定位困难，以及由于头罩和金属结构车身变形所带来的两者型线对不齐、安装时间长、胶层开裂等问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种司机室头罩的安装结构，其结构特点是，包括设置在头罩和车身之间的中心定位结构和侧定位结构；
所述中心定位结构包括设置在头罩分别头端和尾端的头罩定位元件和设置在车身上车身定位元件，所述车身定位元件与所述头罩定位元件配合对头罩和车身在司机室横向方向进行定位；
所述侧定位结构包括预设在头罩安装面上的多个定位孔和固定在车身侧壁上的开有孔的多个定位板，所述定位板与所述头罩安装面上相应的定位孔通过紧固件固定相连而将头罩侧壁和车身固定连接在一起，且在定位板与所述头罩安装面上的定位孔之间设有调整元件，用于使头罩的两侧表面与车身保持齐平。
由此，先中心定位限制头罩前后方向的位移，在侧定位限制头罩左右方向的位移。其中，中心定位结构很好的解决了头罩安装时的中心定位问题，通过紧固件将定位孔和定位板固定，从解决了头罩安装时的侧定位问题。
根据本发明的实施例，还可以对本发明作进一步的优化，以下为优化后形成的技术方案：
为了更好地实现头罩的中心定位，所述头罩定位元件和车身定位元件均沿着司机室纵向中心线前后两侧设置，从而限制头罩相对车身前后方向的位移。
为了保证定位精度，所述头罩定位元件和车身定位元件均错开交叉布置。
根据本发明的实施例，所述头罩定位元件和车身定位元件为定位销或者定位块。
优选地，所述头罩安装面上预埋有螺孔板，该螺孔板的螺纹孔形成所述定位孔。
根据本发明的实施例，所述定位板相对车身向上延伸设置，所述紧固件为螺栓，该螺栓的螺杆依次穿过所述定位板上的孔和调整元件，并与所述定位孔固定相连。定位板可以焊接在车身上。
优选地，所述定位板的下表面为与所述头罩下表面相适应的斜面。
为了方便增减调整元件，所述调整元件为具有U形槽孔的调整垫。
为了进一步提高头罩和车身的固定效果，所述头罩安装面和车身之间设有粘胶层。由此，头罩和车身之间形成双重固定结构，彻底解决了胶层开了带来的安全风险。
基于同一个发明构思，本发明还提供了一种利用所述的司机室头罩的安装结构安装司机室头罩的方法，其包括如下步骤：
S1、吊装头罩，通过设置在头罩上的头罩定位元件和设置在车身上车身定位元件对头罩和车身进行中心定位；
S2、将车身侧壁上的定位板通过紧固件与头罩上的定位孔配合固定相连；
S3、通过调整元件车身侧壁与头罩之间的间隙，使得头罩的两侧表面与车身保持齐平；
i、当头罩两侧的横向尺寸小于车身的横向尺寸时，通过增加调整元件的厚度将头罩的两个侧壁往外顶，当头罩的两侧表面与车身保持齐平时通过紧固件紧固；优选在紧固件紧固后向头罩安装面和车身之间打胶；
ii、当头罩两侧横向尺寸大于车身的横向尺寸时，通过减少调整垫的厚度，通过紧固件紧固将头罩的两个侧壁往内拉，直到头罩的两侧表面与车身保持齐平；优选在头罩的两侧表面与车身保持齐平后向头罩安装面和车身之间打胶。
藉由上述结构，本发明首先对中心进行定位，其次在对两侧进行定位。
头罩中心定位方法：采用在金属结构司机室纵向中心线前后两侧各设置一个定位块，两个定位块错开交叉布置，同时在头罩中心前后同样位置也设置定位块，定位块同样交叉布置，在头罩吊装时可以快速准确的通过前后错开的定位块相互限位，定位块很好的解决了头罩安装时的中心定位问题。
头罩两侧进行定位：在金属结构司机室两侧头罩安装面上设置定位板，定位板上开孔，同时在头罩两侧对应位置预埋螺孔板，在对头罩进行安装时，可以利用定位板和螺孔板以及之间的调整垫对头罩两侧变形进行调整。当头罩两侧尺寸小于金属车身尺寸时，可以增加调整垫的厚度将头罩两侧往外顶，直到头罩两侧与金属车身齐平；当头罩两侧尺寸大于金属车身尺寸时，则可以减小调整垫的厚度，再通过拧紧螺栓将头罩两侧往内拉，直到头罩两侧与金属车身齐平。该方法替代原有撑杆调节，同时也很好的解决了当头罩两侧尺寸大于金属车身尺寸的问题。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明的定位块和定位板结构简单、且定位可靠性高；
2、本发明的头罩安装方法快速、便捷、易操作；
3、本发明头罩安装方法取消了原有的撑杆，不影响后续工序操作。
4、本发明的可调节安装头罩方法不仅对头罩两侧尺寸小于金属车身尺寸时可行，同时对头罩两侧尺寸大于金属车身尺寸时也可行；
5、本发明的头罩安装方法避免了胶层开裂风险，同时分担胶层受力，使得头罩在运行时更加安全可靠。
附图说明
图1是本发明一个实施例的侧视图；
图2是图1的俯视图；
图3是本发明侧向定位的结构原理图；
图4是本发明所述的定位板处的外形图；
图5是本发明所述的调整垫外形图；
图6是图2的A向视图；
图7是图2的B向视图。
在图中
1-头罩；2-车身；3-头罩定位块；4-车身定位块；5-车身定位板；6-调整垫；7-预埋螺孔板；8-螺栓；9-垫圈。
具体实施方式
以下将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。为叙述方便，下文中如出现“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”字样，仅表示与附图本身的上、下、左、右方向一致，并不对结构起限定作用。
一种司机室头罩的安装结构，如图1,6和7所示，采用中心快速定位结构进 行中心定位，即在金属结构车身2前后位置与头罩1连接区域中心焊接定位块，前后定位块沿中心线错开布置。同样在头罩1前后位置与金属结构车身2连接区域中心预埋作为定位元件的定位块，前后定位块沿中心线与金属结构上定位块反向布置。在吊装头罩1时前后对应的定位块相互限位，从而保证头罩1与金属结构车身2中心对中。
如图3-5所示，所示，两侧定位结构为在金属结构车身2两侧与头罩1连接区域均匀布置定位板5(数量根据需要设定)，定位板5与金属结构车身2焊接固定，以保证定位板5的强度，定位板5上开腰形孔，方便头罩1可以上下、前后方向调节。在头罩1对应的位置预埋螺孔板，在螺孔板与定位板5之间设置不同厚度的调整垫，定位板5与螺孔板通过螺栓连接。当头罩1两侧横向尺寸小于金属结构车身2横向尺寸时，可以通过增加调整垫的厚度将头罩1两侧往外顶，调整好后将螺栓紧固，再进行打胶。当头罩1两侧横向尺寸大于金属结构车身2横向尺寸时，则可以通过减少调整垫的厚度，紧固螺栓将头罩1两侧往内拉，调整好后再进行打胶。胶干后螺栓不用取消，同时也对头罩1有紧固作用。
作为一种替换方式，本发明的作为定位元件的中心定位块也可以是定位销。
上述实施例阐明的内容应当理解为这些实施例仅用于更清楚地说明本发明，而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落入本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，包括设置在头罩(1)和车身(2)之间的中心定位结构和侧定位结构；
    所述中心定位结构包括设置在头罩(1)分别头端和尾端的头罩定位元件和设置在车身(2)上车身定位元件，所述车身定位元件与所述头罩定位元件配合对头罩(1)和车身(2)在司机室横向方向进行定位；
    所述侧定位结构包括预设在头罩(1)安装面上的多个定位孔和固定在车身(2)侧壁上的开有孔的多个定位板(5)，所述定位板(5)与所述头罩(1)安装面上相应的定位孔通过紧固件固定相连而将头罩(1)侧壁和车身(2)固定连接在一起，且在定位板(5)与所述头罩(1)安装面上的定位孔之间设有调整元件，用于使头罩(1)的两侧表面与车身(2)保持齐平。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，所述头罩定位元件和车身定位元件均沿着司机室纵向中心线前后两侧设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，所述头罩定位元件和车身定位元件均错开交叉布置。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，所述头罩定位元件和车身定位元件为定位销或者定位块。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，所述头罩(1)安装面上预埋有螺孔板(7)，该螺孔板(7)的螺纹孔形成所述定位孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，所述定位板(5)相对车身向上延伸设置，所述紧固件为螺栓(8)，该螺栓(8)的螺杆依次穿过所述定位板(5)上的孔和调整元件，并与所述定位孔固定相 连。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，所述定位板(5)的下表面为与所述头罩(1)下表面相适应的斜面。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，所述调整元件为具有U形槽孔的调整垫(6)。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的司机室头罩的安装结构，其特征在于，所述头罩(1)安装面和车身(2)之间设有粘胶层。
  10. 一种利用权利要求1-8之一所述的司机室头罩的安装结构安装司机室头罩的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1、吊装头罩(1)，通过设置在头罩(1)上的头罩定位元件和设置在车身(2)上车身定位元件对头罩(1)和车身(2)进行中心定位；
    S2、将车身(2)侧壁上的定位板(5)通过紧固件与头罩(1)上的定位孔配合固定相连；
    S3、通过调整元件车身(2)侧壁与头罩(1)之间的间隙，使得头罩(1)的两侧表面与车身保持齐平；
    i、当头罩(1)两侧的横向尺寸小于车身(2)的横向尺寸时，通过增加调整元件的厚度将头罩(1)的两个侧壁往外顶，当头罩(1)的两侧表面与车身保持齐平时通过紧固件紧固；优选在紧固件紧固后向头罩(1)安装面和车身(2)之间打胶；
    ii、当头罩(1)两侧横向尺寸大于车身(2)的横向尺寸时，通过减少调整垫的厚度，通过紧固件紧固将头罩的两个侧壁往内拉，直到头罩(1)的两侧表面与车身保持齐平；优选在头罩(1)的两侧表面与车身保持齐平后向头罩(1)安装面和车身(2)之间打胶。
PCT/CN2016/110690 2016-08-26 2016-12-19 一种司机室头罩的安装结构及安装方法 Ceased WO2018036036A1 (zh)

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