WO2018025924A1 - 蓄電デバイス用外装材、及び蓄電デバイス用外装材の製造方法 - Google Patents
蓄電デバイス用外装材、及び蓄電デバイス用外装材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018025924A1 WO2018025924A1 PCT/JP2017/028097 JP2017028097W WO2018025924A1 WO 2018025924 A1 WO2018025924 A1 WO 2018025924A1 JP 2017028097 W JP2017028097 W JP 2017028097W WO 2018025924 A1 WO2018025924 A1 WO 2018025924A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a packaging material for a power storage device and a method for manufacturing a packaging material for a power storage device.
- secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries, and lead acid batteries
- electrochemical capacitors such as electric double layer capacitors
- metal cans have been used as exterior materials used in lithium ion batteries, but multilayer films that are lightweight, have high heat dissipation properties, and can be manufactured at low cost are being used.
- the battery contents (positive electrode, separator, negative electrode, electrolyte, etc.) are covered with an exterior material including an aluminum foil layer in order to prevent moisture from entering the interior. It has been adopted.
- a lithium ion battery employing such a configuration is called an aluminum laminate type lithium ion battery.
- An aluminum laminate type lithium ion battery forms a recess in a part of the exterior material by cold molding, accommodates the battery contents in the recess, folds the remaining part of the exterior material, and heats the edge portion.
- An embossed type lithium ion battery sealed with a seal is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- the deeper the recess formed by cold forming the more battery contents can be accommodated, so the energy density can be increased.
- the adhesive layer and the metal foil layer may break.
- the exterior material is required to have good deep drawability.
- a nylon film may be used as a base material layer as the outermost layer of the exterior material.
- the nylon film is basic, there is a problem that when the nylon film is brought into contact with the electrolyte solution (acidic) for lithium ion battery, the nylon film is melted and the characteristics as an exterior material cannot be expressed.
- one of the tests for evaluating the long-term reliability performance of power storage device exterior materials required by power storage device manufacturers is a test for storing power storage devices in a hot water environment for a certain period of time. At that time, depending on the power storage device exterior material used, there is a problem that delamination (hereinafter referred to as delamination) occurs between the base material layer and the metal foil layer of the exterior material over time.
- delamination delamination
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an exterior material for an electricity storage device that has good moldability and electrolyte solution resistance and can suppress delamination. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing such an exterior material for an electricity storage device.
- the present invention comprises at least a base material protective layer, a base material layer, an adhesive layer, a metal foil layer, a sealant adhesive layer, and a sealant layer in this order
- the base material protective layer comprises a polyester resin and A cured material of a raw material containing a polyisocyanate compound
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the base material protective layer is 60 to 140 ° C.
- the thickness of the base material protective layer is 1 to 5 ⁇ m
- the thickness of the base material layer Provided is a power storage device exterior material in which the ratio of the thickness of the substrate protective layer to the thickness is 35% or less.
- the exterior material for an electricity storage device of the present invention has good moldability and electrolyte resistance, and can suppress delamination.
- a nylon film may be used as the outermost layer in order to improve moldability.
- the nylon film is basic, if the lithium ion battery electrolyte (acidic) comes into contact with the nylon film, the nylon melts and cannot be used as a battery cell.
- a film having a hygroscopic property for example, a nylon film
- delamination may occur due to water that has entered and absorbed moisture from the surface of the base material layer.
- a coating layer having a predetermined property in which a polyisocyanate compound is blended with a polyester resin is provided as a base material protective layer in the outermost layer of the film. ing.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the base material protective layer is preferably 100 to 140 ° C. Thereby, higher deep drawability can be obtained.
- a corrosion prevention treatment layer may be further provided on one or both surfaces of the metal foil layer. Thereby, corrosion suppression of a metal foil layer, the adhesive force improvement between layers, etc. can be aimed at.
- the ratio of the thickness of the base material protective layer to the thickness of the base material layer is preferably 3.5% or more. Thereby, it becomes easy to obtain a sufficient base material protection effect.
- the raw material containing the polyester resin and the polyisocyanate compound may further contain a filler.
- the base material layer is preferably a polyamide film. Thereby, it becomes easy to improve moldability.
- the present invention also includes a step of bonding a base material layer to one surface of the metal foil layer via an adhesive layer, a step of forming a base material protective layer on the surface of the base material layer opposite to the adhesive layer, And a step of forming a sealant layer on the surface opposite to the adhesive layer of the metal foil layer via the sealant adhesive layer, and the base material protective layer is a cured material of a raw material containing a polyester resin and a polyisocyanate compound.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the base material protective layer is 60 to 140 ° C.
- the thickness of the base material protective layer is 1 to 5 ⁇ m
- the thickness of the base material protective layer relative to the thickness of the base material layer is Provided is a method for manufacturing an exterior material for an electricity storage device, the ratio of which is 35% or less. According to the production method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain an exterior material for an electricity storage device that has good moldability and electrolyte solution resistance and can suppress delamination.
- an exterior device for an electricity storage device that has good moldability and electrolyte solution resistance and can suppress delamination.
- packing material for electrical storage devices can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of an exterior material for an electricity storage device of the present invention.
- an exterior material (exterior material for an electricity storage device) 10 of this embodiment includes a base material layer 11, a base material protective layer 12 provided on one surface side of the base material layer 11, An adhesive layer 13 provided on the opposite side of the substrate layer 11 from the substrate protective layer 12, and a corrosion prevention treatment layer 15 a on both sides provided on the opposite side of the adhesive layer 13 from the substrate layer 11,
- the metal foil layer 14 having 15b, the sealant adhesive layer 16 provided on the opposite side of the adhesive layer 13 of the metal foil layer 14, and the metal foil layer 14 provided on the opposite side of the sealant adhesive layer 16 It is a laminate in which the sealant layer 17 is laminated.
- the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a is provided on the surface of the metal foil layer 14 on the adhesive layer 13 side
- the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b is provided on the surface of the metal foil layer 14 on the sealant adhesion layer 16 side.
- the base material protective layer 12 is the outermost layer
- the sealant layer 17 is the innermost layer. That is, the exterior material 10 is used with the base material protective layer 12 facing the outside of the electricity storage device and the sealant layer 17 facing the inside of the electricity storage device.
- each layer will be described.
- the base material layer 11 provides heat resistance in a sealing process when manufacturing the electricity storage device, and plays a role of suppressing the generation of pinholes that can occur during molding and distribution.
- scratch resistance, chemical resistance, insulation, and the like can be imparted.
- the base material layer 11 is preferably a layer made of a resin film formed of an insulating resin.
- the resin film include stretched or unstretched films such as polyester films, polyamide films, and polypropylene films.
- the base material layer 11 may be a single layer film composed of any of these resin films, or may be a laminated film composed of two or more of these resin films.
- the base material layer 11 is preferably a polyamide film and more preferably a biaxially stretched polyamide film because of excellent moldability.
- the polyamide resin forming the polyamide film include nylon 6, nylon 6,6, a copolymer of nylon 6 and nylon 6,6, nylon 6,10, polymetaxylylene adipamide (MXD6), nylon 11 , Nylon 12 and the like.
- nylon 6 (ONy) is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance, puncture strength, and impact strength.
- Examples of the stretching method for the biaxially stretched film include a sequential biaxial stretching method, a tubular biaxial stretching method, and a simultaneous biaxial stretching method.
- the biaxially stretched film is preferably stretched by a tubular biaxial stretching method from the viewpoint of obtaining better deep drawability.
- the thickness of the base material layer 11 is preferably 6 to 40 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 30 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the base material layer 11 is 6 ⁇ m or more, there is a tendency that the pinhole resistance and the insulation of the power storage device exterior material 10 can be improved. If the thickness of the base material layer 11 exceeds 40 ⁇ m, the total thickness of the power storage device exterior material 10 becomes large, which is not desirable because it may be necessary to reduce the electric capacity of the battery.
- the base material protective layer 12 is a layer provided on one surface side of the base material layer 11, and is a layer formed using a polyester resin and a polyisocyanate compound (curing agent). That is, the base material protective layer 12 is a cured material of a raw material containing a polyester resin and a polyisocyanate compound.
- the polyester resin is a copolymer made from polyvalent carboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol as raw materials, and has a reactive group to be reacted with the curing agent in the side chain.
- the polyester resin is preferably a polyester polyol.
- the polyester polyol include polyester polyols obtained by reacting one or more dicarboxylic acids with one or more compounds having three or more hydroxyl groups. Among the compounds having three or more hydroxyl groups, the unreacted site becomes the hydroxyl group of the side chain of the polyester polyol.
- dicarboxylic acid constituting the polyester polyol either an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or an aromatic dicarboxylic acid can be used.
- aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid and brassic acid
- aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the compound having three or more hydroxyl groups include hexanetriol, trimethylolpropane, and pentaerythritol.
- a diol may be used as necessary in addition to the dicarboxylic acid and the compound having three or more hydroxyl groups.
- the diol include aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, neopentyl glycol, methylpentanediol, hexanediol, heptanediol, octanediol, nonanediol, decanediol, and dodecanediol; cyclohexanediol, water
- alicyclic diols such as added xylylene glycol
- aromatic diols such as xylylene glycol.
- the molecular weight of the polyester resin is preferably 3 ⁇ 10 3 to 20 ⁇ 10 3 in terms of number average molecular weight (Mn) from the viewpoint of resistance to electrolyte solution and adhesion to the base material layer 11.
- a polyisocyanate compound containing a plurality of isocyanate groups is used as the curing agent.
- the polyisocyanate compound serves to crosslink the polyester resin.
- Examples of the chemical structure of the polyisocyanate compound include adducts, burettes, and isocyanurates.
- isocyanate monomer species constituting the polyisocyanate compound alicyclic diisocyanates (isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), etc.), aliphatic isocyanates (hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), etc.), aromatic isocyanates (tri Examples thereof include diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and the like, in which an isocyanate group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring, and hydrogenated products thereof.
- a polyfunctional isocyanate-modified product obtained from one or more of these diisocyanates can also be used.
- aliphatic isocyanates are preferable, and adducts and burettes are more preferable.
- an adduct or burette of hexamethylene diisocyanate is preferably used for imparting electrolyte resistance.
- alcohol resistance tends to be exhibited.
- a battery cell manufacturer prints with an inkjet printer for lot trace management, incorrect information may be printed. In that case, the printed part is wiped off with alcohol and printed again, but these curing agent types are also effective in improving the wiping resistance against the alcohol.
- an isocyanate other than the alicyclic isocyanate and an alicyclic isocyanate may be used in combination.
- packing material 10 for electrical storage devices becomes the thing excellent in favorable electrolyte solution tolerance and alcohol tolerance.
- the ratio ([a] / [b]) of the weight [a] of the isocyanate other than the alicyclic isocyanate to the weight [b] of the alicyclic isocyanate is 99/1 to 80/20. It is preferable. When the ratio of alicyclic isocyanate is higher than this, the film quality as a coating layer will become hard, and it will be difficult to obtain good moldability.
- the alicyclic isocyanate since the alicyclic isocyanate has a bulky structure, it easily penetrates various chemicals (electrolytic solution and alcohol). If the ratio of the alicyclic isocyanate is higher than this, the chemical resistance and the alcohol resistance are impaired. Tend.
- a curing agent in addition to the above isocyanate, a curing agent other than isocyanate may be used in combination.
- Other curing agents include melamine, a compound having a carboxyl group, a compound having a glycidyl group, a compound having a hydroxyl group, a carbodiimide, an amide, an amine, etc., depending on the side chain substituent of the polyester resin to be crosslinked. Can be mentioned.
- the blending ratio of the polyester resin as the main agent and the curing agent is such that the ratio [B] when the number of moles of reactive groups in the polyester resin is [A] and the number of moles of reactive groups in the polyisocyanate compound is [B]. ] / [A] is preferably 5 to 60.
- the resistance to the electrolytic solution is considered to be affected by the cross-linked structure of the base material protective layer 12. Therefore, the inventor believes that the reactive group of the curing agent needs to be excessively blended with the reactive group of the polyester resin to increase the crosslink density. When [B] / [A] is 5 or more, the crosslinked structure is sufficient, and the electrolytic solution resistance is further improved.
- the crosslinked structure does not become too dense (the base material protective layer 12 does not become too hard), and has a favorable effect on molding and the like.
- curing agent ratios since it becomes difficult to obtain the adhesiveness of the base material protective layer 12 and the base material layer 11, it is preferable to set it as the said range. From such a viewpoint, [B] / [A] is more preferably 5 to 60.
- the base material protective layer 12 is formed using a raw material containing a polyester resin and a curing agent.
- the raw materials include fillers, flame retardants, lubricants (slip agents), antiblocking agents, antioxidants, light stabilizers, tackifiers, leveling agents for imparting coating stability, antifoaming agents, etc.
- Various additives such as a stabilizer, a catalyst for preventing blocking after coating (promoting the reaction of the coating liquid), a reaction retarding agent for controlling the pot life of the coating liquid (acetylacetone is preferably used) An agent may be included.
- the outer surface of the base material protective layer 12 can be matted.
- the base material protective layer 12 is a coating layer made of a raw material containing a polyester resin and a curing agent. Therefore, by performing mat treatment and adjusting the surface roughness, the slipperiness of the surface of the base material protective layer 12 is improved, and it is easy to suppress the exterior material 10 from being excessively adhered to the mold in cold forming. Therefore, it becomes easy to ensure good moldability.
- the matte effect etc. are also acquired by mat
- fine particles (inorganic filler) of inorganic materials such as silica, alumina, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and titanium oxide, acrylic beads, urethane beads, polyester beads, polyolefin beads (organic filler), and the like can be used.
- silica fine particles are preferable because resin cracking (whitening due to fine cracks) hardly occurs during press molding of the exterior material.
- the use of hydrophobic fine particles of silica as a filler improves the dispersibility during coating and allows the filler to be uniformly dispersed in the base material protective layer.
- the average particle diameter of the filler can be selected as necessary, but the thickness of the power storage device exterior material is strict, and therefore the filler size is preferably from submicron (nm order) to less than 10 ⁇ m. At that time, fillers having different particle size distributions may be blended.
- the average particle diameter can be measured by a Coulter counter method.
- the filler content in the substrate protective layer 12 is preferably 1 to 50% by mass.
- the filler content ratio of the filler 1% by mass or more it becomes easy to impart lubricity to the surface of the base material protective layer 12.
- the lubricant examples include fatty acid amides such as oleic acid amide, erucic acid amide, stearic acid amide, behenic acid amide, ethylene bisoleic acid amide, and ethylene biserucic acid amide.
- fatty acid amides such as oleic acid amide, erucic acid amide, stearic acid amide, behenic acid amide, ethylene bisoleic acid amide, and ethylene biserucic acid amide.
- various filler-based anti-blocking agents such as silica are preferable.
- the above-mentioned additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the base material protective layer 12 is 60 to 140 ° C.
- Tg is less than 60 ° C.
- the tack property of the base material protective layer 12 becomes high, blocking occurs, and since the hardness as a cured film is not sufficient, deep drawing cannot be performed in cold forming.
- the Tg is higher than 140 ° C.
- the cured film is too hard and becomes brittle, and cold molding cannot be performed at a sufficient drawing depth.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the base material protective layer 12 is 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 120 ° C.
- Tg is preferably 100 to 140 ° C., more preferably 120 to 140 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the base material protective layer 12 can be measured by a rigid pendulum method (rigid pendulum type physical property tester RPT-3000W manufactured by A & D).
- the base material protective layer 12 is a cured product obtained by curing a polyester resin using a polyisocyanate compound, it tends to be harder than the base material layer 11 (for example, nylon film). Therefore, if the thickness of the base material protective layer 12 is excessively increased, the base material protective layer 12 inhibits the base material layer 11 from being stretched during cold forming, and the base material layer 11 is sufficiently stretched in the cold state. I can't mold. Thereby, in the subsequent accelerated environmental test, the base material layer 11 undergoes elastic recovery, and delamination between the base material layer 11 and the metal foil layer 14 is likely to occur. On the other hand, if the base material protective layer 12 is extremely thin, the original purpose of protecting the base material layer 11 cannot be achieved.
- the ratio of the thickness of the base material protective layer 12 to the thickness of the base material layer 11 is 35% or less, but is preferably 25% or less. In addition, the ratio is preferably 3.5% or more, and more preferably 5% or more.
- the thickness of the base material protective layer 12 is 1 to 5 ⁇ m. When the thickness is less than 1 ⁇ m, moisture easily permeates (invades) from the surface of the base material protective layer 12, so that delamination occurs or the base material protective layer 12 itself is broken during molding. There is. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds 5 ⁇ m, delamination tends to occur for the same reason as described above. From such a viewpoint, the thickness of the base material protective layer 12 is preferably 1.5 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the adhesive layer 13 is a layer that bonds the base material layer 11 and the metal foil layer 14 together.
- the adhesive layer 13 has an adhesive force necessary for firmly bonding the base material layer 11 and the metal foil layer 14, and the metal foil layer 14 is broken by the base material layer 11 during cold forming. It also has follow-up property for suppressing this (performance for reliably forming the adhesive layer 13 on the member without peeling even if the member is deformed / stretched).
- a two-part liquid having a main agent made of a polyol such as polyester polyol, polyether polyol, acrylic polyol, and a curing agent made of an aromatic or aliphatic isocyanate.
- a curable polyurethane adhesive can be used.
- the molar ratio of the isocyanate group of the curing agent to the hydroxyl group of the main agent is preferably 1 to 10, and more preferably 2 to 5.
- the polyurethane adhesive is subjected to aging for 4 days or more at a temperature of, for example, 40 ° C. or more after coating, whereby the reaction between the hydroxyl group of the main agent and the isocyanate group of the curing agent proceeds, and the base layer 11 and the metal Stronger adhesion with the foil layer 14 becomes possible.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m and more preferably 2 to 6 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of obtaining desired adhesive strength, followability, workability, and the like.
- the pigment may be an organic or inorganic pigment, or a mixture of these pigments.
- the kind of pigment is not particularly limited when it is in a range that does not impair the adhesion of the adhesive layer 13.
- organic pigments include azo, phthalocyanine, quinacridone, anthraquinone, dioxazine, indigothioindigo, perinone-perylene, and isoindolenin
- inorganic pigments include carbon black.
- organic pigments for example, the following pigments can be used.
- Yellow isoindolinone, isoindoline, quinophthalone, anthraquinone (flavatron), azomethine, xanthene and the like.
- Orange diketopyrrolopyrrole, perylene, anthraquinone, perinone, quinacridone, etc.
- Red Anthraquinone, quinacridone, diketopyrrolopyrrole, perylene, indigoid and the like.
- the inorganic pigment for example, the following pigments can be used.
- White zinc white, lead white, lithopone, titanium dioxide, precipitated barium sulfate, barite powder, etc.
- Red Lead red, iron oxide red, etc.
- Yellow yellow lead, zinc yellow (Zinc Yellow 1 type, Zinc Yellow 2 type) and the like.
- Blue Ultramarine blue, prussian blue (potassium ferrocyanide), etc.
- Black Carbon black or the like.
- the content of the pigment based on the total mass of the adhesive layer 13 is preferably 1% by mass or more and more preferably 5% by mass or more because higher reliability is obtained. Moreover, since the outstanding adhesiveness is acquired, it is preferable that it is 50 mass% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 20 mass% or less.
- Metal foil layer 14 examples of the metal foil layer 14 include various metal foils such as aluminum and stainless steel, and the metal foil layer 14 is preferably an aluminum foil from the viewpoint of workability such as moisture resistance and spreadability, and cost.
- the aluminum foil is preferably an aluminum foil containing iron from the viewpoint of excellent pinhole resistance and extensibility during molding.
- the iron content is preferably 0.1 to 9.0% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by mass (for example, Aluminum foil made of 8021 material and 8079 material in the JIS standard).
- the iron content is 0.1% by mass or more, it is possible to obtain the exterior material 10 having more excellent pinhole resistance and spreadability.
- the iron content is 9.0% by mass or less, it is possible to obtain the exterior material 10 having more flexibility.
- a soft aluminum foil subjected to an annealing treatment is more preferable from the viewpoint of imparting the extensibility during desired molding.
- the metal foil used for the metal foil layer 14 may be subjected to a degreasing treatment, for example, in order to obtain a desired electrolyte resistance.
- the thickness of the metal foil layer 14 is preferably 9 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 15 to 150 ⁇ m, and further preferably 15 to 100 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of barrier properties, pinhole resistance and workability. preferable.
- the thickness of the metal foil layer 14 is 9 ⁇ m or more, the metal foil layer 14 is hardly broken even when stress is applied by molding.
- the thickness of the metal foil layer 14 is 200 ⁇ m or less, an increase in mass of the exterior material can be reduced, and a decrease in weight energy density of the electricity storage device can be suppressed.
- the corrosion prevention treatment layers 15a and 15b serve to suppress the corrosion of the metal foil layer 14 due to the electrolytic solution or hydrofluoric acid generated by the reaction between the electrolytic solution and moisture.
- the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15 a plays a role of increasing the adhesion between the metal foil layer 14 and the adhesive layer 13.
- the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15 b plays a role of increasing the adhesion between the metal foil layer 14 and the sealant adhesive layer 16.
- the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a and the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b may be layers having the same configuration or different configurations.
- Corrosion prevention treatment layers 15a and 15b are, for example, coating agents having a degreasing treatment, a hydrothermal alteration treatment, an anodizing treatment, a chemical conversion treatment, and a corrosion prevention ability for a layer that is a base material of the corrosion prevention treatment layers 15a and 15b. It can be formed by carrying out a coating-type corrosion prevention treatment in which coating is applied, or a corrosion prevention treatment combining these treatments.
- the hydrothermal modification treatment and the anodization treatment are treatments in which the surface of the metal foil (aluminum foil) is dissolved by a treatment agent to form a metal compound (aluminum compound (boehmite, alumite)) having excellent corrosion resistance. It is. For this reason, such a treatment may be included in the definition of chemical conversion treatment in order to obtain a structure in which a co-continuous structure is formed from the metal foil layer 14 to the corrosion prevention treatment layers 15a and 15b.
- Degreasing treatment includes acid degreasing and alkali degreasing.
- the acid degreasing include a method using acid degreasing obtained by mixing inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and hydrofluoric acid as described above alone or by mixing them.
- an acid degreasing agent in which a fluorine-containing compound such as monosodium ammonium difluoride is dissolved with the above-described inorganic acid is used, so that not only the degreasing effect of the metal foil layer 14 but also a passive metal fluoride is obtained. This is effective in terms of resistance to hydrofluoric acid.
- the alkaline degreasing include a method using sodium hydroxide and the like.
- hydrothermal modification treatment for example, boehmite treatment obtained by immersing the metal foil layer 14 in boiling water to which triethanolamine is added can be used.
- anodizing treatment for example, an alumite treatment can be used.
- chemical conversion treatment for example, chromate treatment, zirconium treatment, titanium treatment, vanadium treatment, molybdenum treatment, calcium phosphate treatment, strontium hydroxide treatment, cerium treatment, ruthenium treatment, or a combination of two or more of these is used. be able to.
- These hydrothermal modification treatment, anodizing treatment, and chemical conversion treatment are preferably performed in advance with the above-described degreasing treatment.
- the chemical conversion treatment is not limited to a wet method, and for example, a treatment agent used for these treatments may be mixed with a resin component and applied.
- a treatment agent used for these treatments may be mixed with a resin component and applied.
- coating type chromate process is preferable from a viewpoint of a waste liquid process.
- the coating agent used in the coating type corrosion prevention treatment for coating the coating agent having the corrosion prevention performance contains at least one selected from the group consisting of rare earth oxide sols, anionic polymers, and cationic polymers.
- a coating agent is mentioned.
- a method using a coating agent containing a rare earth element oxide sol is preferable.
- Corrosion treatment layer 15a per unit area of the 15b mass preferably in the range of 0.005 ⁇ 0.200g / m 2, more preferably in the range of 0.010 ⁇ 0.100g / m 2. If it is 0.005 g / m 2 or more, the metal foil layer 14 is easily imparted with a corrosion prevention function. On the other hand, if the mass per unit area exceeds 0.200 g / m 2 , the corrosion prevention function is saturated, and no further corrosion prevention effect can be expected. Although the mass per unit area is described here, the thickness can be converted from the specific gravity if known.
- the thickness of the corrosion prevention treatment layers 15a and 15b is preferably 10 nm to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 to 500 nm, from the viewpoint of the corrosion prevention function and the function as an anchor.
- the sealant adhesive layer 16 is a layer that bonds the metal foil layer 14 on which the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15 b is formed and the sealant layer 17.
- the exterior material 10 is roughly divided into a thermal laminate configuration and a dry laminate configuration depending on the adhesive component that forms the sealant adhesive layer 16.
- the adhesive component for forming the sealant adhesive layer 16 in the heat laminate configuration is preferably an acid-modified polyolefin resin obtained by graft-modifying a polyolefin resin with an acid. Since the acid-modified polyolefin-based resin has a polar group introduced in a part of the non-polar polyolefin-based resin, the acid-modified polyolefin-based resin has a polarity with the sealant layer 17 formed of a non-polar polyolefin-based resin film or the like. In many cases, it can be firmly adhered to both of the corrosion prevention treatment layers 15b.
- the use of the acid-modified polyolefin resin improves the resistance of the exterior material 10 to the contents such as the electrolyte, and even if hydrofluoric acid is generated inside the battery, the adhesive strength is reduced due to deterioration of the sealant adhesive layer 16. It is easy to prevent.
- polyolefin resin of the acid-modified polyolefin resin examples include low density, medium density and high density polyethylene; ethylene- ⁇ olefin copolymer; polypropylene; and propylene- ⁇ olefin copolymer.
- the polyolefin resin in the case of a copolymer may be a block copolymer or a random copolymer.
- a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a polar molecule such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with the above-described one, or a polymer such as a crosslinked polyolefin can be used as the polyolefin resin.
- Examples of the acid that modifies the polyolefin resin include carboxylic acid, epoxy compound, and acid anhydride, and maleic anhydride is preferable.
- the acid-modified polyolefin resin used for the sealant adhesive layer 16 may be one type or two or more types.
- the sealant adhesive layer 16 having a heat laminate structure can be formed by extruding the adhesive component with an extrusion device.
- the thickness of the heat-bonded sealant adhesive layer 16 is preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- Examples of the adhesive component for forming the sealant adhesive layer 16 having a dry laminate structure include the same adhesives as those mentioned for the adhesive layer 13.
- the composition of the adhesive may be designed so that it is a main component of a skeleton that is difficult to hydrolyze and that can improve the crosslinking density. preferable.
- dimer fatty acid is an acid obtained by dimerizing various unsaturated fatty acids, and examples of the structure include acyclic, monocyclic, polycyclic and aromatic ring types.
- the sealant adhesive layer 16 having a dry laminate structure has a highly hydrolyzable bonding portion such as an ester group and a urethane group
- a heat laminate structure is used as the sealant adhesive layer 16 for applications requiring higher reliability. It is preferable to use the adhesive component.
- the sealant adhesive layer 16 is formed by blending the above-mentioned various curing agents in a coating solution obtained by dissolving or dispersing an acid-modified polyolefin resin in a solvent such as toluene or methylcyclohexane (MCH), and applying and drying. To do.
- the sealant adhesive layer 16 having a dry laminate structure may include a compound having a covalent bond with a compound constituting the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b.
- the curing agent used in that case include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a polyfunctional isocyanate compound, a glycidyl compound, a compound having a carboxyl group, and a compound having an oxazoline group.
- the adhesive resin is easily oriented in the MD direction (extrusion direction) due to stress generated during the extrusion molding.
- an elastomer may be blended in the sealant adhesive layer 16 in order to relax the anisotropy of the sealant adhesive layer 16.
- blended with the sealant contact bonding layer 16 an olefin-type elastomer, a styrene-type elastomer, etc. can be used, for example.
- the thickness of the sealant adhesive layer 16 is preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m and more preferably 20 to 40 ⁇ m in the case of a heat laminate configuration. When the thickness of the sealant adhesive layer 16 is 8 ⁇ m or more, sufficient adhesive strength between the metal foil layer 14 and the sealant layer 17 can be easily obtained. It is possible to easily reduce the amount of moisture entering.
- the thickness of the sealant adhesive layer 16 is preferably 1 to 5 ⁇ m in the case of a dry laminate configuration. When the thickness of the sealant adhesive layer 16 is 1 ⁇ m or more, sufficient adhesion strength between the metal foil layer 14 and the sealant layer 17 is easily obtained, and when the thickness is 5 ⁇ m or less, the sealant adhesive layer 16 is not cracked. Can be suppressed.
- the sealant layer 17 is a layer that imparts a sealing property to the exterior material 10 by heat sealing, and is a layer that is arranged on the inner side and thermally fused when the power storage device is assembled.
- the sealant layer 17 include a polyolefin resin or a resin film made of an acid-modified polyolefin resin obtained by graft-modifying an acid such as maleic anhydride to a polyolefin resin.
- the polyolefin resin include low density, medium density and high density polyethylene; ethylene- ⁇ olefin copolymer; polypropylene; and propylene- ⁇ olefin copolymer.
- the polyolefin resin in the case of a copolymer may be a block copolymer or a random copolymer. These polyolefin resin may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the sealant layer 17 is preferably a polyolefin-based resin that improves the barrier property of water vapor and can form the electricity storage device without being crushed excessively by heat sealing, and polypropylene is particularly preferable.
- each of the above-mentioned types of polypropylene that is, random polypropylene, homopolypropylene, and block polypropylene, includes a low crystalline ethylene-butene copolymer, a low crystalline propylene-butene copolymer, ethylene, butene, and propylene.
- a terpolymer made of a component copolymer, silica, zeolite, an antiblocking agent (AB agent) such as acrylic resin beads, a fatty acid amide slip agent, or the like may be added.
- Examples of the acid-modified polyolefin resin include the same as those mentioned in the sealant adhesive layer 16.
- the sealant layer 17 may be a single layer film or a multilayer film, and may be selected according to a required function.
- a multilayer film in which a resin such as an ethylene-cycloolefin copolymer and polymethylpentene is interposed can be used.
- sealant layer 17 may contain various additives such as a flame retardant, a slip agent, an antiblocking agent, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and a tackifier.
- the thickness of the sealant layer 17 is preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 to 60 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the sealant layer 17 is 20 ⁇ m or more, sufficient heat seal strength can be obtained, and when it is 90 ⁇ m or less, the amount of water vapor entering from the edge of the exterior material can be reduced.
- Step S11 A step of forming the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a on one surface of the metal foil layer 14 and the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b on the other surface of the metal foil layer 14.
- Step S12 A step of bonding the surface of the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a opposite to the metal foil layer 14 and the base material layer 11 via the adhesive layer 13.
- Process S13 The process of forming the base-material protective layer 12 in the surface on the opposite side to the contact bonding layer 13 of the base material layer 11.
- FIG. Step S14 A step of forming a sealant layer 17 via a sealant adhesive layer 16 on the surface of the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b opposite to the metal foil layer 14.
- step S11 the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a is formed on one surface of the metal foil layer 14, and the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b is formed on the other surface of the metal foil layer 14.
- the corrosion prevention treatment layers 15a and 15b may be formed separately, or both may be formed at once.
- a corrosion prevention treatment agent base material of the corrosion prevention treatment layer
- 15a and 15b are formed at once.
- drying, curing, and baking are sequentially performed to form the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15 a, the same is applied to the other surface of the metal foil layer 14.
- the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b may be formed.
- the order in which the corrosion prevention treatment layers 15a and 15b are formed is not particularly limited. Further, different corrosion prevention treatment agents may be used for the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a and the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b, or the same one may be used.
- the corrosion prevention processing agent for coating type chromate processing etc. can be used, for example.
- the coating method of the corrosion inhibitor is not particularly limited. For example, gravure coating method, gravure reverse coating method, roll coating method, reverse roll coating method, die coating method, bar coating method, kiss coating method, comma coating method, etc. Can be used.
- an untreated metal foil layer may be used, or a metal foil layer subjected to degreasing treatment by wet type degreasing treatment or dry type degreasing treatment may be used.
- step S12 the surface of the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a opposite to the metal foil layer 14 and the base material layer 11 are bonded together by dry lamination using an adhesive that forms the adhesive layer 13.
- an aging treatment may be performed in the range of room temperature to 100 ° C. in order to promote adhesion.
- the aging time is, for example, 1 to 10 days.
- step S ⁇ b> 13 the base material protective layer 12 is formed on the surface of the base material layer 11 opposite to the adhesive layer 13.
- the raw material coating liquid: what mix
- various stabilizers such as a leveling agent and an antifoaming agent may be blended with the raw material.
- various catalysts may be blended.
- a reaction retarder may be blended for controlling the pot life of the coating liquid.
- acetylacetone is preferably used.
- this coating liquid is applied onto the base material layer 11 using a known method, and is heated and dried.
- a coating method include gravure direct, gravure reverse (direct, kiss), and bar coater.
- the slurry in which the filler is dispersed in the solvent in advance may be mixed with the varnished resin, or the filler may be directly dispersed in the already varnished resin coating liquid. Good. It is also possible to add other additives such as a curing agent to these filler compounding liquids.
- the timing which forms the base material protective layer 12 is not limited to this Embodiment.
- step S14 After step S13, the base material protective layer 12, the base material layer 11, the adhesive layer 13, the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a, the metal foil layer 14, and the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b are laminated in this order on the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b of the laminate.
- a sealant layer 17 is formed on the surface opposite to the metal foil layer 14 via a sealant adhesive layer 16.
- the sealant layer 17 may be laminated by dry lamination, sandwich lamination, or the like, or may be laminated together with the sealant adhesive layer 16 by a coextrusion method. From the viewpoint of improving adhesiveness, the sealant layer 17 is preferably laminated by, for example, sandwich lamination, or is preferably laminated by the coextrusion method together with the sealant adhesive layer 16, and more preferably by sandwich lamination.
- the exterior material 10 is obtained through the steps S11 to S14 described above. Note that the process sequence of the manufacturing method of the packaging material 10 is not limited to the method of sequentially performing the above steps S11 to S14, and the sequence of the performed processes may be changed as appropriate.
- the electricity storage device includes a battery element including an electrode, a lead extending from the electrode, and a container that accommodates the battery element, and the container has the sealant layer 17 on the inner side from the energy storage device exterior material 10. It is formed.
- the container may be obtained by stacking two exterior materials with the sealant layers 17 facing each other, and heat-sealing the peripheral edge of the overlaid exterior material 10, or by folding back one exterior material. It may be obtained by overlapping and similarly heat-sealing the peripheral portion of the exterior material 10.
- the exterior material of this embodiment can be used in various power storage devices. Examples of such an electricity storage device include secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries, and lead acid batteries, and electrochemical capacitors such as electric double layer capacitors.
- the lead is sandwiched and sealed by the exterior material 10 that forms the container with the sealant layer 17 inside.
- the lead may be clamped by the exterior material 10 via a tab sealant.
- Example 1 As the metal foil layer 14, a soft aluminum foil 8079 material (manufactured by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 35 ⁇ m was prepared. Next, a sodium polyphosphate-stabilized cerium oxide sol (corrosion prevention treatment agent) using distilled water as a solvent and adjusted to a solid content concentration of 10% by mass was applied to one surface of the metal foil layer 14 by gravure coating. At this time, phosphoric acid was 10 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of cerium oxide. Next, the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a was formed by drying and baking the corrosion prevention treatment agent.
- a sodium polyphosphate-stabilized cerium oxide sol corrosion prevention treatment agent
- a sodium polyphosphate-stabilized cerium oxide sol (corrosion prevention) using gravure coating and using distilled water as a solvent and adjusting the solid content concentration to 10% by mass. Treatment agent) was applied.
- phosphoric acid was 10 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of cerium oxide.
- 90 parts by mass of polyallylamine and glycidyl adjusted to a solid content concentration of 5% by mass using distilled water as a solvent on the corrosion-inhibiting layer formed by drying and baking the corrosion-inhibiting agent.
- a mixture comprising 10 parts by mass of the compound was applied and baked to form a corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b.
- a nylon film (thickness: 15 ⁇ m) was used as the base material layer 11, and one side of the base material layer 11 was subjected to corona treatment.
- a polyurethane-based adhesive (thickness 3 ⁇ m) was applied as an adhesive layer 13 to the surface of the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a opposite to the metal foil layer 14.
- the metal foil layer 14 and the corona-treated surface of the base material layer 11 were bonded via the adhesive layer 13 by a dry laminating method. Thereafter, the structure composed of the base material layer 11, the adhesive layer 13, the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15a, the metal foil layer 14, and the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b is left in an atmosphere at a temperature of 60 ° C. for 6 days, thereby aging. Processed.
- a coating liquid for forming a base material protective layer is prepared, and applied to the surface of the base material layer 11 opposite to the adhesive layer 13 by reverse coating and dried, whereby the base material protective layer 12 having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m. Formed.
- Tg of the obtained base material protective layer 12 in Table 1 is a pendulum adsorption with a measurement interval of 6 seconds using a rigid pendulum method (rigid pendulum type physical property tester RPT-3000W manufactured by A & D). The measurement was performed under measurement conditions with a time of 2 seconds, a frame type of FRB-100, and a measurement part shape of RBP-020.
- maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene (trade name: Admer) manufactured as a base material is extruded as a sealant adhesive layer 16 on the surface opposite to the metal foil layer 14 of the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b. Formed with. At this time, the thickness of the sealant adhesive layer 16 was 15 ⁇ m. Then, by a sandwich lamination method, a 20 ⁇ m-thick polyolefin film (the surface of the unstretched polypropylene film on the side of the sealant adhesive layer 16) was corona-treated on the corrosion prevention treatment layer 15b via the sealant adhesive layer 16. The film was bonded (heat-pressed) at 180 ° C. Thereby, the exterior material 10 for electrical storage devices was produced.
- Examples 2 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 10 An exterior material 10 for an electricity storage device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the configuration of the base material layer 11 and the base material protective layer 12 was as described in Table 1. Except for Comparative Examples 7 and 8, Tg was adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the polyester resin and polyisocyanate. About Comparative Examples 7 and 8, it replaced with the aromatic polyester polyol of Tg60 degreeC, and adjusted Tg using the aromatic polyester polyol of Tg20 degreeC.
- the base material protective layer-forming coating solution contains the following silica filler or acrylic filler so that the content of the base material protective layer 12 to be formed is 10% by mass with respect to the total mass, and the base material layer 11 And the exterior material 10 for electrical storage devices was produced similarly to Example 1 except having set the structure of the base-material protective layer 12 as having shown in Table 1.
- Silica filler average particle size 3 ⁇ m (surface treated with hydrophobic treatment)
- Acrylic filler average particle size 3 ⁇ m
- the external appearance of the dripping location was evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 2.
- ⁇ Traces of dropping the electrolyte solution could not be recognized.
- X The electrolyte solution reached the base material layer, and the base material layer was dissolved.
- the molding depth in which deep drawing molding is possible was evaluated with the following method.
- the molding depth of the molding apparatus was set to 1.0 to 3.5 mm every 0.25 mm, and cold molding was performed in an environment of room temperature 23 ° C. and dew point temperature ⁇ 35 ° C.
- the punch mold has a rectangular cross section of 70 mm ⁇ 80 mm, has a punch radius (RP) of 1.00 mm on the bottom, and a punch corner radius (RCP) of 1.00 mm on the side. It was used.
- a die mold having a 1.00 mm diradius (RD) on the upper surface of the opening was used.
- SYMBOLS 10 Exterior material (exterior material for electrical storage devices), 11 ... Base material layer, 12 ... Base material protective layer, 13 ... Adhesive layer, 14 ... Metal foil layer, 15a, 15b ... Corrosion prevention treatment layer, 16 ... Sealant adhesive layer , 17 ... sealant layer.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の蓄電デバイス用外装材の一実施形態を模式的に表す断面図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態の外装材(蓄電デバイス用外装材)10は、基材層11と、該基材層11の一方の面側に設けられた基材保護層12と、該基材層11の基材保護層12とは反対側に設けられた接着層13と、該接着層13の基材層11とは反対側に設けられた、両面に腐食防止処理層15a,15bを有する金属箔層14と、該金属箔層14の接着層13とは反対側に設けられたシーラント接着層16と、該シーラント接着層16の金属箔層14とは反対側に設けられたシーラント層17と、が積層された積層体である。ここで、腐食防止処理層15aは金属箔層14の接着層13側の面に、腐食防止処理層15bは金属箔層14のシーラント接着層16側の面に、それぞれ設けられている。外装材10は、基材保護層12が最外層、シーラント層17が最内層である。すなわち、外装材10は、基材保護層12を蓄電デバイスの外部側、シーラント層17を蓄電デバイスの内部側に向けて使用される。以下、各層について説明する。
基材層11は、蓄電デバイスを製造する際のシール工程における耐熱性を付与し、成型加工や流通の際に起こりうるピンホールの発生を抑制する役割を果たす。特に大型用途の蓄電デバイスの外装材の場合等は、耐擦傷性、耐薬品性、絶縁性等も付与できる。
基材保護層12は、基材層11の一方の面側に設けられる層であって、ポリエステル樹脂と、ポリイソシアネート化合物(硬化剤)とを用いて形成される層である。すなわち、基材保護層12は、ポリエステル樹脂及びポリイソシアネート化合物を含む原料の硬化物である。
接着層13は、基材層11と金属箔層14とを接着する層である。接着層13は、基材層11と金属箔層14とを強固に接着するために必要な密着力を有すると共に、冷間成型する際において、基材層11によって金属箔層14が破断されることを抑制するための追随性(部材が変形・伸縮したとしても、剥離することなく部材上に接着層13を確実に形成するための性能)も有する。
黄色:イソインドリノン、イソインドリン、キノフタロン、アントラキノン(フラバトロン)、アゾメチン、キサンテン等。
橙色:ジケトピロロピロール、ペリレン、アントラキノン、ペリノン、キナクリドン等。
赤色:アントラキノン、キナクリドン、ジケトピロロピロール、ペリレン、インジゴイド等。
紫色:オキサジン(ジオキサジン)、キナクリドン、ペリレン、インジゴイド、アントラキノン、キサンテン、ベンツイミダゾロン、ビオランスロン等。
青色:フタロシアニン、アントラキノン、インジゴイド等。
緑色:フタロシアニン、ペリレン、アゾメチン等。
白色:亜鉛華、鉛白、リトポン、二酸化チタン、沈降性硫酸バリウム、バライト粉等。
赤色:鉛丹、酸化鉄赤等。
黄色:黄鉛、亜鉛黄(亜鉛黄1種、亜鉛黄2種)等。
青色:ウルトラマリン青、プロシア青(フェロシアン化鉄カリウム)等。
黒色:カーボンブラック等。
金属箔層14としては、アルミニウム及びステンレス鋼等の各種金属箔が挙げられ、防湿性及び延展性等の加工性、並びにコストの面から、金属箔層14はアルミニウム箔であることが好ましい。アルミニウム箔は耐ピンホール性及び成形時の延展性に優れる点から、鉄を含むアルミニウム箔であることが好ましい。
腐食防止処理層15a,15bは、電解液、又は、電解液と水分の反応により発生するフッ酸による金属箔層14の腐食を抑制する役割を果たす。また、腐食防止処理層15aは、金属箔層14と接着層13との密着力を高める役割を果たす。また、腐食防止処理層15bは、金属箔層14とシーラント接着層16との密着力を高める役割を果たす。腐食防止処理層15a及び腐食防止処理層15bは、同一の構成の層であってもよく、異なる構成の層であってもよい。
シーラント接着層16は、腐食防止処理層15bが形成された金属箔層14とシーラント層17を接着する層である。外装材10は、シーラント接着層16を形成する接着成分によって、熱ラミネート構成とドライラミネート構成に大きく分けられる。
シーラント層17は、外装材10に対し、ヒートシールによる封止性を付与する層であり、蓄電デバイスの組み立て時に内側に配置されて熱融着される層である。シーラント層17としては、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、又はポリオレフィン系樹脂に無水マレイン酸等の酸をグラフト変性させた酸変性ポリオレフィン系樹脂からなる樹脂フィルムが挙げられる。ポリオレフィン系樹脂としては、例えば、低密度、中密度及び高密度のポリエチレン;エチレン-αオレフィン共重合体;ポリプロピレン;並びに、プロピレン-αオレフィン共重合体等が挙げられる。共重合体である場合のポリオレフィン樹脂は、ブロック共重合体であってもよく、ランダム共重合体であってもよい。これらポリオレフィン系樹脂は、1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
次に、外装材10の製造方法について説明する。なお、外装材10の製造方法は以下の方法に限定されない。
工程S11:金属箔層14の一方の面上に腐食防止処理層15aを形成し、金属箔層14の他方の面上に腐食防止処理層15bを形成する工程。
工程S12:腐食防止処理層15aの金属箔層14とは反対側の面と、基材層11とを、接着層13を介して貼り合わせる工程。
工程S13:基材層11の接着層13とは反対側の面に基材保護層12を形成する工程。
工程S14:腐食防止処理層15bの金属箔層14とは反対側の面上に、シーラント接着層16を介してシーラント層17を形成する工程。
工程S11では、金属箔層14の一方の面上に腐食防止処理層15aを形成し、金属箔層14の他方の面上に腐食防止処理層15bを形成する。腐食防止処理層15a及び15bは、それぞれ別々に形成されてもよく、両方が一度に形成されてもよい。具体的には、例えば、金属箔層14の両方の面に腐食防止処理剤(腐食防止処理層の母材)を塗布し、その後、乾燥、硬化、焼付けを順次行うことで、腐食防止処理層15a及び15bを一度に形成する。また、金属箔層14の一方の面に腐食防止処理剤を塗布し、乾燥、硬化、焼き付けを順次行って腐食防止処理層15aを形成した後、金属箔層14の他方の面に同様にして腐食防止処理層15bを形成してもよい。腐食防止処理層15a及び15bの形成順序は特に制限されない。また、腐食防止処理剤は、腐食防止処理層15aと腐食防止処理層15bとで異なるものを用いてもよく、同じのものを用いてもよい。上記腐食防止処理剤としては、例えば、塗布型クロメート処理用の腐食防止処理剤等を用いることができる。腐食防止処理剤の塗布方法は、特に限定されないが、例えば、グラビアコート法、グラビアリバースコート法、ロールコート法、リバースロールコート法、ダイコート法、バーコート法、キスコート法、コンマコート法等の方法を用いることができる。なお、金属箔層14として、未処理の金属箔層を用いてもよいし、ウェットタイプの脱脂処理又はドライタイプの脱脂処理により、脱脂処理を施した金属箔層を用いてもよい。
工程S12では、腐食防止処理層15aの金属箔層14とは反対側の面と、基材層11とが、接着層13を形成する接着剤を用いてドライラミネーションで貼り合わせられる。工程S13では、接着性の促進のため、室温~100℃の範囲でエージング(養生)処理を行ってもよい。エージング時間は、例えば、1~10日である。
工程S13では、基材層11の接着層13とは反対側の面に基材保護層12を形成する。まず、基材保護層12を形成するための原料(塗液:溶剤にて希釈したポリエステル樹脂に対しポリイソシアネート化合物を配合したもの)を準備する。この時、塗工安定性を付与させるため、当該原料にレベリング剤、消泡剤などの各種安定剤を配合しても構わない。また塗工後のブロッキングを防止し、塗液の反応化を促進するため、各種触媒を配合しても構わない。その際、塗液のポットライフ制御のため、反応遅延剤を配合しても構わない。この時好適に使われるのはアセチルアセトン等である。次いでこの塗液を、公知の手法を用いて基材層11上に塗工し、加熱乾燥する。このような塗工手法としては、グラビアダイレクト、グラビアリバース(ダイレクト、キス)、バーコーター等が挙げられる。なお、上記記載のフィラーを配合する場合は、予めフィラーが溶媒中に分散したスラリーをワニス化した樹脂に混ぜてもよく、あるいはすでにワニス化された樹脂塗液中にフィラーを直接分散させてもよい。これらのフィラー配合液に、硬化剤等のその他の添加剤を配合させることも可能である。なお、基材保護層12を形成するタイミングは、本実施の形態に限定されない。
工程S13後、基材保護層12、基材層11、接着層13、腐食防止処理層15a、金属箔層14及び腐食防止処理層15bがこの順に積層された積層体の腐食防止処理層15bの金属箔層14とは反対側の面上に、シーラント接着層16を介してシーラント層17が形成される。シーラント層17は、ドライラミネーション及びサンドイッチラミネーション等によって積層されてもよく、シーラント接着層16とともに共押出し法によって積層されてもよい。シーラント層17は、接着性向上の点から、例えばサンドイッチラミネーションによって積層される、又は、シーラント接着層16とともに共押出し法によって積層されることが好ましく、サンドイッチラミネーションによって積層されることがより好ましい。
次に、外装材10を容器として備える蓄電デバイスについて説明する。蓄電デバイスは、電極を含む電池要素と、上記電極から延在するリードと、電池要素を収容する容器とを備え、上記容器は蓄電デバイス用外装材10から、シーラント層17が内側となるように形成される。上記容器は、2つの外装材をシーラント層17同士を対向させて重ね合わせ、重ねられた外装材10の周縁部を熱融着して得られてもよく、また、1つの外装材を折り返して重ね合わせ、同様に外装材10の周縁部を熱融着して得られてもよい。本実施形態の外装材は、様々な蓄電デバイスにおいて使用可能である。そのような蓄電デバイスとしては、例えば、リチウムイオン電池、ニッケル水素電池、及び鉛蓄電池等の二次電池、並びに電気二重層キャパシタ等の電気化学キャパシタが挙げられる。
金属箔層14として、厚さ35μmの軟質アルミニウム箔8079材(東洋アルミニウム株式会社製)を準備した。次いで、金属箔層14の片面に、グラビアコートにより、溶媒として蒸留水を使用し、かつ固形分濃度10質量%に調整したポリリン酸ナトリウム安定化酸化セリウムゾル(腐食防止処理剤)を塗布した。このとき、酸化セリウム100質量部に対して、リン酸は10質量部とした。次いで、腐食防止処理剤を乾燥、焼付け処理を行うことで腐食防止処理層15aを形成した。
基材層11及び基材保護層12の構成を表1に記載のとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして蓄電デバイス用外装材10を作製した。なお、比較例7及び8以外は、ポリエステル樹脂とポリイソシアネートとの混合割合を変えてTgを調整した。比較例7及び8については、Tg60℃の芳香族ポリエステルポリオールに代えて、Tg20℃の芳香族ポリエステルポリオールを用いてTgを調整した。
(実施例8~11)
基材保護層形成用塗布液に、形成される基材保護層12の全質量に対する含有量が10質量%となるように下記のシリカフィラー又はアクリルフィラーを含有させたこと、そして基材層11及び基材保護層12の構成を表1に記載のとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして蓄電デバイス用外装材10を作製した。
シリカフィラー:平均粒子径3μm(表面に疎水性処理を施したもの)
アクリルフィラー:平均粒子径3μm
各例で得られた外装材の基材保護層12上に、微量の水(1500ppm)を添加した電解液(エチレンカーボネート/ジメチルカーボネート/ジエチルカーボネート=1:1:1wt%、LiPF6、1M)を滴下し、10分間経過後にイソプロピルアルコールで拭き取った。その後、滴下箇所の外観を以下の基準に従って評価した。結果を表2に示す。
○:電解液を滴下した痕跡が認識できなかった。
△:電解液を滴下した痕跡が認識できた。
×:電解液が基材層に達し、基材層が溶解した。
各例で得られた外装材について、深絞り成型が可能な成型深度を以下の方法で評価した。まず、蓄電デバイス用外装材10を、シーラント層17が上方を向くように成型装置内に配置した。成型装置の成型深さを0.25mmごとに1.0~3.5mmに設定し、室温23℃、露点温度-35℃の環境下で冷間成型した。なお、パンチ金型には、70mm×80mmの長方形の横断面を有し、底面に1.00mmのパンチラジアス(RP)を有し、側面に1.00mmのパンチコーナーラジアス(RCP)を有するものを使用した。また、ダイ金型には、開口部上面に1.00mmのダイラジアス(RD)を有するものを使用した。冷間成型を行った部分の破断及びピンホールの有無を、外装材にライトを照射しながら目視にて確認し、破断及びピンホールのいずれも生じることなく深絞り成型できた成型深度の最大値を求めた。また、成型深度について以下の基準に従って評価した。結果を表2に示す。
○:成型深度が3.0mm以上であった。
△:成型深度が2.5mm以上3.0mm未満であった。
×:成型深度が2.5mm未満であった。
各例で得られた外装材について、成型装置の成型深さを3.5mmで固定したこと以外は、成型深度の評価と同様にして冷間成型した。このような冷間成型体を各例について30サンプル準備し、10サンプルずつ高温環境(110℃)、高温高湿環境(60℃95%RH)、及び高温水環境(50℃温水)に一週間放置した。そして、各環境毎に、基材層11及び金属箔層間においてデラミネーションが発生したサンプル数をカウントし、以下の基準に従って評価した。結果を表2に示す。
○:0サンプル。
△:1~3サンプル。
×:4~10サンプル。
Claims (7)
- 少なくとも基材保護層、基材層、接着層、金属箔層、シーラント接着層、及びシーラント層をこの順に備え、
前記基材保護層が、ポリエステル樹脂及びポリイソシアネート化合物を含む原料の硬化物であり、
前記基材保護層のガラス転移温度(Tg)が60~140℃であり、
前記基材保護層の厚さが1~5μmであり、
前記基材層の厚さに対する前記基材保護層の厚さの割合が35%以下である、
蓄電デバイス用外装材。 - 前記基材保護層のガラス転移温度(Tg)が100~140℃である、請求項1に記載の蓄電デバイス用外装材。
- 前記金属箔層の一方又は両方の面に腐食防止処理層をさらに備える、請求項1又は2に記載の蓄電デバイス用外装材。
- 前記基材層の厚さに対する前記基材保護層の厚さの割合が3.5%以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の蓄電デバイス用外装材。
- 前記原料がさらにフィラーを含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の蓄電デバイス用外装材。
- 前記基材層がポリアミドフィルムである、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の蓄電デバイス用外装材。
- 金属箔層の一方の面に、接着層を介して基材層を貼り合わせる工程、
前記基材層の前記接着層とは反対側の面に基材保護層を形成する工程、及び
前記金属箔層の前記接着層とは反対側の面に、シーラント接着層を介してシーラント層を形成する工程、を備え、
前記基材保護層が、ポリエステル樹脂及びポリイソシアネート化合物を含む原料の硬化物であり、
前記基材保護層のガラス転移温度(Tg)が60~140℃であり、
前記基材保護層の厚さが1~5μmであり、
前記基材層の厚さに対する前記基材保護層の厚さの割合が35%以下である、
蓄電デバイス用外装材の製造方法。
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- 2017-08-02 CN CN201780046333.XA patent/CN109478608B/zh active Active
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WO2013069698A1 (ja) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-16 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用外装材 |
WO2016010044A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-21 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 蓄電装置用外装材、及びそれを用いた蓄電装置 |
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WO2020027089A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | ユニチカ株式会社 | ポリアミド系積層フィルム及びその製造方法 |
CN112703111A (zh) * | 2018-07-31 | 2021-04-23 | 尤尼吉可股份有限公司 | 聚酰胺系层叠膜及其制造方法 |
JP7336142B2 (ja) | 2018-07-31 | 2023-08-31 | ユニチカ株式会社 | ポリアミド系積層フィルム及びその製造方法 |
CN112703111B (zh) * | 2018-07-31 | 2023-11-03 | 尤尼吉可股份有限公司 | 聚酰胺系层叠膜及其制造方法 |
TWI842725B (zh) | 2018-07-31 | 2024-05-21 | 日商尤尼吉可股份有限公司 | 聚醯胺系積層薄膜及其製造方法 |
WO2021132025A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-01 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 蓄電装置用外装材及びこれを用いた蓄電装置 |
EP4082778A4 (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2023-01-25 | Toppan Inc. | ENCLOSURE FOR AN ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE AND ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE THEREOF |
Also Published As
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JP7001056B2 (ja) | 2022-01-19 |
KR20190039124A (ko) | 2019-04-10 |
CN109478608A (zh) | 2019-03-15 |
US20190173061A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
JPWO2018025924A1 (ja) | 2019-06-06 |
US10734616B2 (en) | 2020-08-04 |
CN109478608B (zh) | 2021-12-07 |
KR102451217B1 (ko) | 2022-10-05 |
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