WO2018015666A1 - Copolymere utilisable comme additif detergent pour carburant - Google Patents
Copolymere utilisable comme additif detergent pour carburant Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018015666A1 WO2018015666A1 PCT/FR2017/051976 FR2017051976W WO2018015666A1 WO 2018015666 A1 WO2018015666 A1 WO 2018015666A1 FR 2017051976 W FR2017051976 W FR 2017051976W WO 2018015666 A1 WO2018015666 A1 WO 2018015666A1
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- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a copolymer and its use as a detergent additive in a liquid fuel of an internal combustion engine.
- the invention also relates to a method for maintaining the cleanliness and / or cleaning of at least one of the internal parts of an internal combustion engine.
- Liquid fuels of internal combustion engines contain components that can degrade during the operation of the engine.
- the problem of deposits in the internal parts of combustion engines is well known to motorists. It has been shown that the formation of these deposits has consequences on engine performance and in particular has a negative impact on fuel consumption and particulate emissions. Advances in fuel additive technology have addressed this problem.
- Additives known as detergents used in fuels have already been proposed to maintain the cleanliness of the engine by limiting the deposits (“Keep-clean” effect) or by reducing the deposits already present in the internal parts of the combustion engine (effect " clean-up "in English).
- a detergent additive for petrol fuel containing a quaternary ammonium function is a detergent additive for petrol fuel containing a quaternary ammonium function.
- WO2006135881 discloses a detergent additive containing a quaternary ammonium salt used to reduce or clean deposits including the intake valves.
- engine technology is constantly evolving and fuel requirements must evolve to cope with these advances in combustion engine technology.
- the new petrol or diesel direct injection systems expose the injectors to more severe pressure and temperature conditions, which favors the formation of deposits.
- these new injection systems have more complex geometries to optimize the spraying, including more holes with smaller diameters but, on the other hand, induce greater sensitivity to deposits.
- the presence of deposits can alter the performance of combustion including increasing pollutant emissions and particulate emissions.
- Other consequences of the excessive presence of deposits have been reported in the literature, such as increased fuel consumption and maneuverability problems.
- US 2013/274369 A1 discloses water-soluble cationic copolymers derived from N-vinyl amide monomers and cationically substituted ethylenically unsaturated compounds and their use as a flocculating agent.
- Document US 2016/0160144 discloses the combination of hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acid diacid compounds, and in particular polyisobutyl succinic acid with a detergent additive in order to improve the separation of the water contained in the fuel and the fuel.
- Document WO 2015/184301 also discloses the combination of two quaternary ammonium salts and a demulsifying additive in order to improve the separation of the water present in the fuel of the fuel itself.
- the object according to the invention relates to novel copolymers.
- the Applicant has discovered that the copolymers according to the invention have remarkable properties as a detergent additive in liquid fuels of an internal combustion engine.
- the copolymers according to the invention used in these fuels make it possible to maintain the cleanliness of the engine, in particular by limiting or avoiding the formation of the deposits ("Keep-clean” effect) or by reducing the deposits already present in the internal parts. combustion engine ("clean-up" effect).
- the object of the present invention relates to a copolymer obtained by copolymerization of at least:
- G represents a group chosen from a C1-C34 alkyl, an aromatic ring, an aralkyl comprising at least one aromatic ring and at least one C1-C34 alkyl group, and
- Q is selected from the oxygen atom and the group -NR'- with R 'being selected from a hydrogen atom and the C1-C6 hydrocarbon chains; 2 ,
- R is a hydrocarbon chain -C 34 substituted by at least one quaternary ammonium group and optionally one or more hydroxyl groups.
- the group E of the apolar monomer (m a ) is -O-.
- the group E of the apolar monomer (m a ) is -NH (Z) - with Z represents H or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group.
- the group E of the apolar monomer (m a ) is and -O-CO- where E is connected to the vinyl carbon by the oxygen atom.
- the apolar monomer (m a ) is such that w is equal to 0.
- the group G of the apolar monomer (m a ) is chosen from a C4-C34 alkyl, an aromatic ring, an aralkyl comprising at least one aromatic ring and at least one C1-C34, preferably C4-C4 alkyl group.
- the group G of the apolar monomer (m a ) is a C4-C34 alkyl, preferably a C4-C30 alkyl.
- the group G of the apolar monomer (m a ) is an aralkyl comprising at least one aromatic ring and at least one alkyl group.
- the quaternary ammonium group is chosen from quaternary ammoniums of pyrrolinium, pyridinium, imidazolium, triazolium, triazinium, oxazolium and isoxazolium.
- the quaternary ammonium group is chosen from
- the polar monomer (m b ) is represented by one of the following formulas (III) and (IV):
- X " is chosen from hydroxide ions, halides and organic anions,
- R 2 is chosen from C 1 to C 34 hydrocarbon chains, optionally substituted with at least one hydroxyl group,
- R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are identical or different and chosen, independently, from C 1 to C 8 hydrocarbon chains, it being understood that the alkyl groups R 3 , R 4 and R 5 may contain one or more groups chosen from: a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a carbonyl group and that the groups R 3 , R 4 and R 5 may be connected together in pairs to form one or more rings,
- R 6 and R 7 are identical or different and independently selected from C 1 -C 18 hydrocarbon chains, it being understood that the R 6 and R 7 groups may contain one or more groups chosen from: a nitrogen atom, a hydrogen atom, oxygen and a carbonyl group and that the groups R 6 and R 7 may be joined together to form a ring.
- the group R 2 is represented by one of the following formulas (V) and (VI):
- R 8 is selected from C 1 to C 32 hydrocarbon chains
- R 9 is selected from hydrogen and C 1-6 alkyl groups.
- the monomer (m b ) is obtained by reaction:
- a tertiary amine of formula NR 3 R 4 R 5 or R 6 N R 7 in which R 3 , R 4, R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as defined above in formulas (III) and (IV), and
- Q, t, R 8 and R 9 are as defined in formulas (II), (V) and (VI) above.
- the copolymer is chosen from block copolymers and random copolymers.
- the copolymer is a block copolymer.
- the block copolymer comprises at least:
- a block A consisting of a chain of structural units derived from one or more apolar monomers chosen from apolar monomers (m a ) of formula (I) and,
- a block B consisting of a chain of structural units derived from one or more polar monomers chosen from polar monomers (m b ).
- the copolymer comprises at least one block sequence AB, ABA or BAB where said blocks A and B are linked together without the presence of intermediate block of different chemical nature.
- the block copolymer is obtained by sequential polymerization, optionally followed by one or more post-functionalizations.
- the intermediate polymer Pi also comprises at least one block A as defined above.
- the block copolymer is obtained by sequential polymerization, optionally followed by one or more post-functionalizations.
- the copolymer is a copolymer comprising at least one block sequence AB, ABA or BAB where said blocks A and B are linked together without the presence of intermediate block of different chemical nature.
- the object of the present invention also relates to a fuel concentrate comprising one or more copolymers as described above, optionally in admixture with an organic liquid, said organic liquid being inert with respect to the copolymer (s) and miscible with said copolymer. fuel.
- the concentrate is in admixture with the organic liquid.
- the fuel concentrate further comprises at least one compound selected from succinimides substituted with a hydrocarbon chain, preferably polyisobutenes succinimides, said organic liquid being also inert with respect to said compound.
- the subject of the present invention also relates to a fuel composition comprising:
- a fuel from one or more sources selected from the group consisting of in mineral, animal, vegetable and synthetic sources, and
- the composition comprises at least 5 ppm of copolymer (s) (2).
- the fuel (1) is selected from hydrocarbon fuels; non-essentially hydrocarbon fuels and mixtures thereof.
- the fuel composition comprises at least one compound selected from succinimides substituted with a hydrocarbon chain, preferably polyisobutenes succinimides.
- the object of the present invention also relates to a use of one or more copolymers as defined above, as a detergent additive in a liquid fuel of internal combustion engines, said copolymer being used alone, in a mixture or in the form of a concentrate as defined above.
- the copolymer is used in the liquid fuel to maintain cleanliness and / or clean at least one of the internal parts of said internal combustion engine.
- the copolymer is used in the liquid fuel to limit or prevent the formation of deposits in at least one of the internal parts of said engine and / or reduce the deposits existing in at least one of the internal parts of said engine.
- the copolymer is used to reduce the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine. According to a particular embodiment, the copolymer is used to reduce the emissions of pollutants, in particular the particulate emissions of the internal combustion engine.
- the internal combustion engine is a spark ignition engine.
- the deposits are located in at least one of the internal parts selected from the engine intake system, the combustion chamber and the fuel injection system.
- the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, preferably a direct injection diesel engine.
- the copolymer is used to prevent and / or reduce the formation of deposits in the injection system of the diesel engine.
- the copolymer is used to prevent and / or reduce the formation of deposits related to the phenomenon of coking and / or deposits of the soap and / or varnish type.
- the copolymer is used to reduce and / or avoid the loss of power due to the formation of said deposits in the internal parts of a direct injection diesel engine, said power loss being determined according to the method of the invention.
- the copolymer is used to reduce and / or avoid the restriction of the fuel flow emitted by the injector during the operation of said diesel engine, said flow restriction being determined according to the standard engine test method.
- the invention also relates to the use of one or more copolymers as defined above, in admixture with at least one compound selected from succinimides substituted with a hydrocarbon chain, preferably polyisobutenes succinimides or in the form of a concentrate as defined above, to improve the separation of water and fuel when the latter contains water.
- the invention further relates to a method for maintaining the cleanliness and / or cleaning of at least one of the internal parts of an internal combustion engine comprising at least the following steps:
- the internal combustion engine is a spark ignition engine.
- the internal part of the spark ignition engine kept clean and / or cleaned is selected from the engine intake system, in particular the intake valves (IVD), the combustion chamber (CCD or TCD) and the fuel injection system, in particular the injectors of an indirect injection system (IFP) or the injectors of a direct injection system (DISI).
- the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, preferably a direct injection diesel engine.
- the inner part of the diesel engine kept clean and / or cleaned is the injection system of the diesel engine.
- copolymers according to the invention are advantageous in that they are effective as a detergent additive for a wide range of liquid fuels and / or for one or more types of motorization and / or against one or more types of deposit which are formed in the internal parts of internal combustion engines.
- the concentrate according to the invention comprising at least one succinimide compound, in particular a polyisobutene succinimide, is remarkable in that it is particularly effective for the engine cleanliness and the demulsification of fuels containing water.
- a copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of at least one apolar monomer (m a ) and at least one polar monomer (m b ).
- the copolymer is chosen from block copolymers or statistics. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the copolymer is a block copolymer.
- the olaire monomer (m a ) has the following formula (I):
- the group E of the apolar monomer (m a ) is chosen from
- - E -NH (Z) - with Z represents H or a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, preferably acylic, C 1 -C 6 alkyl group,
- the copolymer is in blocks.
- apolar monomer (m a ) is chosen from those verifying:
- the group (G) of the apolar monomer (m a ) may be a C 1 -C 3 alkyl, preferably a C 4 -C 30 alkyl radical, more preferably a C 6 -C 24, still more preferably a C 8 -C 18 alkyl radical.
- the alkyl radical is a linear or branched radical, cyclic or acyclic, preferably acyclic. This alkyl radical can comprise a linear or branched part and a cyclic part.
- the group (G) of the apolar monomer (m a ) is advantageously a C 1 -C 34 acyclic alkyl, preferably a C 4 -C 30 alkyl radical, more preferably C 6 -C 24, still more preferably C 8 -C 18, linear or branched. , preferably linear.
- alkyl groups such as octyl, decyl, dodecyl, ethyl-2-hexyl, isooctyl, isodecyl and isododecyl.
- alkyl vinyl ester monomers mention may be made, for example, of vinyl octanoate, vinyl decanoate, vinyl dodecanoate, vinyl tetradecanoate, vinyl hexadecanoate, vinyl octodecanoate and docosanoate. vinyl, 2-ethylhexanoate vinyl.
- the group (G) of the apolar monomer (m a ) may also be an aromatic ring, preferably a phenyl or aryl group.
- aromatic groups there may be mentioned, without limitation, the phenyl or naphthyl group, preferably the phenyl group.
- the group (G) of the apolar monomer (m a ) may, according to another preferred variant, be an aralkyl comprising at least one aromatic ring and at least one C 1 -C 34 alkyl group.
- the group (G) is an aralkyl comprising at least one aromatic ring and one or more C4-C30 alkyl groups, advantageously C6-C24, still more preferably C8-C18.
- the aromatic ring may be mono-substituted or substituted on a number of its carbon atoms.
- the aromatic ring is monosubstituted.
- the C1-C34 alkyl group may be in the ortho, meta or para position on the aromatic ring, preferably in para.
- the alkyl radical is a linear or branched radical, cyclic or acyclic, preferably acyclic.
- the alkyl radical is preferably an acyclic radical, linear or branched, preferably linear.
- the aromatic ring may be directly attached to the E group or the vinyl carbon but may also be connected to it via an alkyl substituent.
- group G there may be mentioned a benzyl group substituted in para with a C 4 -C 30 alkyl group.
- the group (G) of the apolar monomer (m a ) is an aralkyl comprising at least one aromatic ring and at least one C 4 -C 30 alkyl group, advantageously C 6 -C 24, still more preferably C 8 at C18.
- the polar monomer (m b ) is chosen from those of formula (II):
- Q is selected from oxygen atom and the group -NR'- with R 'being selected from hydrogen and hydrocarbon chains -C 12, preferably C, to C 6, said chains being linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, preferably acyclic.
- Q is preferably selected from oxygen atom and -NH- group.
- R is a hydrocarbon chain -C 34, preferably C to C 8, more preferably C1 to C10, linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, preferably acyclic, substituted by at least one quaternary ammonium group preferably having from 4 to 50 atoms and optionally one or more hydroxyl groups.
- the group R comprises a quaternary ammonium group and one or more hydroxyl groups.
- the group R is chosen from groups having at least one quaternary ammonium function obtained by quaternizing a primary, secondary or tertiary amine according to any known method.
- the group R may, in particular, be chosen from groups having at least one quaternary ammonium function obtained by quaternization of at least one amine, imine, amidine, guanidine, aminoguanidine or biguanidine function; heterocyclic groups having from 3 to 34 atoms and at least one nitrogen atom.
- the group R is chosen from groups having at least one quaternary ammonium function obtained by quaternization of a tertiary amine.
- the polar monomer (m b ) is represented by one of the following formulas (III) and (IV):
- X " is chosen from hydroxide ions, halides and organic anions, in particular the acetate ion,
- R 2 is selected from hydrocarbon chains to C 34, preferably C to C 8 cyclic or acyclic, linear or branched, optionally substituted by at least one hydroxyl group; preferably, R 2 is chosen from alkyl groups, optionally substituted with at least one hydroxyl group,
- R 3, R 4 and R 5 are identical or different and independently selected from hydrocarbon chains Ci to C 8, preferably Ci-Ci 2 linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, it being understood that the alkyl groups R 3 , R 4 and R 5 may contain one or more nitrogen atoms and / or oxygen and / or carbonyl groups and may be connected together in pairs to form one or more rings,
- R 6 and R 7 are identical or different and independently selected among the channels hydrocarbon Ci to C 8, preferably Ci-Ci 2 linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, it being understood that R 6 and R groups 7 may contain one or more nitrogen atoms and / or oxygen and / or carbonyl groups and may be joined together to form a ring.
- the nitrogen atom (s) and / or oxygen (s) may be present in the R 3 , R 4 and R 5 groups in the form of ether bridges, amine bridges or in the form of an amino or hydroxyl substituent.
- the organic anions of the group X " are generally the conjugate bases of the organic acids, preferably the conjugate bases of the carboxylic acids, in particular the acids chosen from monocarboxylic, polycarboxylic, cyclic or acyclic acids, preferably the organic anions of the group X ". are selected from the conjugated bases of saturated acyclic or cyclic aromatic carboxylic acids.
- methanoic acid acetic acid, adipic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid and phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid.
- the group R 2 is selected from acyclic alkyl groups, Ci -C 34, preferably C to C 8 linear or branched, substituted by at least one hydroxyl group. According to a particular embodiment, the group R 2 is represented by one of the following formulas (V) and (VI):
- R 8 is selected from hydrocarbon chains Ci-C32, preferably Ci to C 6 cyclic or acyclic, preferably acyclic, linear or branched, preferably alkyl groups,
- R 9 is chosen from hydrogen and C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups , C 1 -C 4, more preferably hydrogen.
- the copolymer may be prepared by any known method of polymerization.
- the various techniques and polymerization conditions are widely described in the literature and fall within the general knowledge of those skilled in the art.
- blocks derived from an apolar monomer can be obtained from vinyl alcohol or acrylic acid, respectively by transesterification or amidification reaction.
- the block copolymer can be obtained by sequential polymerization, preferably by sequential and controlled polymerization and optionally followed by one or more post-functionalizations.
- the block copolymer described above is obtained by sequenced and controlled polymerization.
- the polymerization is advantageously chosen from controlled radical polymerization; for example, by radical polymerization by atom transfer (ATRP in English “Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization "); the radical polymerization by nitroxide (NMP in English “Nitroxide-mediated polymerization”); degenerative transfer processes (degenerative transfer processes) such as degenerative iodine transfer polymerization (ITRP-iodine transfer radical polymerization) or radical polymerization by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer ( RAFT in English "Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer”; polymerizations derived from ATRP such as polymerizations using initiators for the continuous regeneration of the activator (ICAR -Initiators for continuous activator regeneration) or using electron-regenerated activators regenerated by electron (ARGET) transfer ").
- ATRP radical polymerization by atom transfer
- NMP nitroxide
- degenerative transfer processes
- the sequenced and controlled polymerization is typically carried out in a solvent, under an inert atmosphere, at a reaction temperature generally ranging from 0 to 200 ° C, preferably from 50 ° C to 130 ° C.
- the solvent may be chosen from polar solvents, in particular ethers such as anisole (methoxybenzene) or tetrahydrofuran or apolar solvents, in particular paraffins, cycloparaffins, aromatics and alkylaromatics having from 1 to 19 carbon atoms. carbon, for example, benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, n-butene, n-hexane, n-heptane and the like.
- the reaction is generally carried out under vacuum in the presence of an initiator, a ligand and a catalyst.
- a ligand mention may be made of N, N, N ', N ", N" -Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), 1,1,7,7,10,10-hexamethyltriethylene tetramine (HMTETA), 2,2'-Bipyridine (BPY) and Tris (2-pyridylmethyl) amine (TPMA).
- the ATRP polymerization is preferably carried out in a solvent chosen from polar solvents.
- apolar monomer equivalents (m a ) of block A and of polar monomer (m b ) of block B reacted during the polymerization reaction are identical or different.
- the number of equivalents of apolar monomer (m a ) of the block A is preferably from 2 to 50, preferably from 5 to 50, more preferably from 10 to 50.
- the number of polar monomer equivalents (m b ) of the B block is preferably from 2 to 50, preferably from 2 to 40, more preferably from 2 to 20.
- the number of monomer equivalents (m a ) of block A is advantageously greater than or equal to that of monomer (m b ) of block B.
- the molar mass by weight M w of block A or block B is preferably less than or equal to 15,000 g. mol. "1 , more preferably less than or equal to 10,000 g. Mol. " 1 .
- the block copolymer advantageously comprises at least one sequence of AB, ABA or BAB blocks in which said blocks A and B are linked together without the presence of an intermediate block of a different chemical nature.
- block copolymers may optionally be present in the block copolymer described above insofar as these blocks do not fundamentally change the character of the block copolymer. However, block copolymers containing only A and B blocks will be preferred.
- a and B represent at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, more preferably at least 99% by weight of the block copolymer.
- the block copolymer is a diblock copolymer.
- the block copolymer is an alternating block triblock copolymer comprising two blocks A and one block B (ABA) or comprising two blocks B and a block A (BAB).
- the block copolymer also comprises a terminal chain I consisting of a hydrocarbon chain, cyclic or acyclic, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, C 1 -C 12 , preferably C 4 -C 24 , more preferably C 1 0 -C 24.
- cyclic hydrocarbon chain means a hydrocarbon chain at least a part of which is cyclic, in particular aromatic. This definition does not exclude hydrocarbon chains comprising both an acyclic and a cyclic moiety.
- the terminal chain I may comprise an aromatic hydrocarbon chain, for example a benzene chain and / or a linear or branched, saturated and acyclic hydrocarbon-based chain, in particular an alkyl chain.
- the terminal chain I is, preferably, selected from alkyl chains, preferably linear, more preferably alkyl chains of at least 4 carbon atoms, even more preferably of at least 12 carbon atoms.
- the terminal chain I is located in the terminal position of the block copolymer. It can be introduced into the block copolymer by means of the polymerization initiator.
- the terminal chain I may, advantageously, constitute at least a part of the polymerization initiator and is positioned within the polymerization initiator in order to introduce, during the first polymerization initiation step. , the terminal chain I in the terminal position of the block copolymer.
- the polymerization initiator is, for example, chosen from free radical initiators used in the ATRP polymerization process. These free radical initiators well known to those skilled in the art are described in particular in the article "Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: current status and future prospects, Macromolecules, 45, 4015-4039, 2012".
- the polymerization initiator is, for example, chosen from alkyl esters of a carboxylic acid substituted by a halide, preferably a bromine in the alpha position, for example ethyl 2-bromopropionate or ⁇ -bromoisobutyrate.
- a halide preferably a bromine in the alpha position
- ethyl 2-bromopropionate may be able to introduce into the copolymer the terminal chain I in the form of a C 2 alkyl chain and benzyl bromide in the form of a benzyl group.
- the transfer agent can conventionally be removed from the copolymer at the end of the polymerization according to any known method.
- the terminal chain I can also be obtained in the copolymer by RAFT polymerization according to the methods described in the article by Moad, G. et al., Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2012, 65, 985-1076.
- the terminal chain I may, for example, be modified by aminolysis when a transfer agent is used to give a thiol function.
- thiocarbonylthio, dithiocarbonate, xanthate, dithiocarbamate and trithiocarbonate transfer agents for example S, S-bis ( ⁇ , ⁇ '-dimethyl- ⁇ -acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (BDMAT or 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate.
- the block copolymer is a diblock copolymer (also called diblocks).
- the block copolymer structure may be of the IAB or IBA type, advantageously IAB.
- the terminal chain I may be directly linked to block A or B according to the structure IAB or IBA respectively, or to be linked via a linking group, for example an ester, amide, amine or ether function.
- the linking group then forms a bridge between the terminal chain I and the block A or B.
- the block copolymer can also be functionalized at the end of the chain according to any known method, in particular by hydrolysis, aminolysis and / or nucleophilic substitution.
- aminolysis any chemical reaction in which a molecule is split into two parts by reaction of a molecule of ammonia or an amine.
- a general example of aminolysis is to replace a halogen of an alkyl group by reaction with an amine, with removal of hydrogen halide.
- Aminolysis can be used, for example, for an ATRP polymerization which produces a copolymer having a terminal halide or for a RAFT polymerization to transform the thio, dithio or trithio linkage introduced into the copolymer by the RAFT transfer agent into the copolymer.
- thiol function can thus introduce a terminal chain I 'by post-functionalization of the copolymer block obtained by sequenced and controlled polymerization of the monomers m a and m b described above.
- the terminal chain I comprises a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, C 1 to C 32, preferably C 1 to C 24 , more preferably C 1 to C 0 , even more preferably an alkyl group, optionally substituted. by one or more groups containing at least one heteroatom selected from N and O, preferably N.
- this functionalization may, for example, be carried out by treating the IAB or IBA copolymer obtained by ATRP. with a primary alkylamine to C 32 alcohol or a C, to C 32 under mild conditions so as not to change these functions on the blocks a, B and.
- the quaternary ammonium group of block B described above may be acyclic or cyclic.
- the acyclic quaternary ammonium group is advantageously chosen from quaternary ammoniums of trialkylammonium, iminium, amidinium, formamidinium, guanidinium and biguanidinium, preferably trialkylammonium.
- the cyclic quaternary ammonium group is advantageously chosen from heterocyclic compounds containing at least one nitrogen atom, in particular chosen from quaternary ammoniums of pyrrolinium, pyridinium, imidazolium, triazolium, triazinium and oxazolium. isoxazolium.
- the quaternary ammonium group of the block B is, advantageously, a quaternary ammonium, advantageously a quaternary trialkylammonium.
- the block B is preferably derived from a monomer (m b ) obtained by reaction:
- a tertiary amine of formula NR 3 R 4 R 5 or R 6 N R 7 in which R 3 , R 4, R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as described above, and
- the block B is obtained by post-functionalization of an intermediate polymer Pi comprising at least one block P of formula (VII I) below:
- R 1 represents H or CH 3
- n represents an integer ranging from 2 to 50, preferably from 2 to 40, more preferably from 2 to 20.
- the tertiary amine may, for example, be selected from acyclic tertiary amines, preferably quaternizable trialkylamines, guanidines and imines.
- the tertiary amine is preferably selected from trialkylamines, especially those whose alkyl groups are identical or different and independently selected from alkyl Cl to C 8, preferably C, to C 12, linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, preferably acyclic.
- the tertiary amine may be chosen from cyclic tertiary amines, preferably pyrrolines, pyridines, imidazoles, triazoles, guanidines, imines, triazines, oxazoles and isoxazoles quaternarisables.
- the intermediate polymer Pi may also comprise at least one block A as described above.
- copolymer described above is particularly advantageous when it is used as a detergent additive in a liquid fuel of an internal combustion engine.
- detergent additive liquid fuel is meant an additive that is incorporated in a small amount in the liquid fuel and has an effect on the cleanliness of said engine compared to said liquid fuel not specially additivé.
- the liquid fuel is advantageously derived from one or more sources selected from the group consisting of mineral, animal, vegetable and synthetic sources. Oil will preferably be chosen as a mineral source.
- the liquid fuel is preferably chosen from hydrocarbon fuels and non-essentially hydrocarbon fuels, alone or as a mixture.
- Hydrocarbon fuel is a fuel consisting of one or more compounds consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen.
- non-substantially hydrocarbon fuel is understood to mean a fuel consisting of one or more compounds consisting essentially of carbon and hydrogen, that is to say which also contain other atoms, in particular oxygen atoms.
- Hydrocarbon fuels include in particular medium distillates boiling temperature ranging from 100 to 500 ° C or lighter distillates having a boiling point in the range of gasolines. These distillates may, for example, be chosen from distillates obtained by direct distillation of crude hydrocarbons, vacuum distillates, hydrotreated distillates, distillates obtained from catalytic cracking and / or hydrocracking of vacuum distillates, distillates resulting from methods of conversion type ARDS (in English "atmospheric residue desulfuration") and / or visbreaking, distillates from the valuation of Fischer Tropsch cuts. Hydrocarbon fuels are typically gasolines and gas oils (also called Diesel fuel).
- the gasolines include, in particular, all commercially available spark ignition engine fuel compositions.
- the essences generally have octane numbers that are sufficiently high to prevent the phenomenon of knocking.
- gasoline fuels marketed in Europe, compliant with the NF EN 228 standard have a motor octane number (MON) of greater than 85 and a research octane number (RON in English). Research Octane Number ”) of a minimum of 95.
- Gasoline fuels generally have an RON of 90 to 100 and a MON of 80 to 90, with RON and MON being measured according to ASTM D 2699- 86 or D 2700-86.
- Gas oils include, in particular, any commercially available diesel fuel compositions. As a representative example, mention may be made of gas oils that comply with the NF EN 590 standard.
- Non-essentially hydrocarbon fuels include oxygenates, for example distillates resulting from the conversion BTL (in English "biomass to liquid") of plant biomass and / or animal, taken alone or in combination; biofuels, for example oils and / or esters of vegetable and / or animal oils; biodiesels of animal and / or vegetable origin and bioethanols.
- Mixtures of hydrocarbon fuel and hydrocarbon fuel are not essentially typically type diesel B or type E x x essences.
- Diesel gasoline type B x for a diesel engine means a diesel fuel which contains x% (v / v) of vegetable or animal oil esters (including used cooking oils) converted by a chemical process called transesterification, obtained by reacting this oil with an alcohol to obtain fatty acid esters (EAG). With methanol and ethanol, fatty acid methyl esters (EMAG) and fatty acid ethyl esters (EEAG) are obtained respectively.
- EAG fatty acid methyl esters
- EEAG fatty acid ethyl esters
- the letter “B” followed by a number indicates the percentage of EAG contained in the diesel fuel.
- a B99 contains 99% of EAG and 1% of middle distillates of fossil origin (mineral source), B20, 20% of EAG and 80% of middle distillates of fossil origin, etc.
- Type B 0 gas oils which do not contain oxygenated compounds
- Bx type gas oils which contain x% (v / v) of vegetable oil or fatty acid esters, most often methyl esters (EMHV or EMAG).
- EAG methyl esters
- B100 the term fuel is designated by the term B100.
- E x type gasoline for a spark ignition engine means a petrol fuel which contains x% (v / v) oxygenates, usually ethanol, bioethanol and / or ethyl tertiary butyl ether. (ETBE).
- the sulfur content of the liquid fuel is preferably less than or equal to 5000 ppm, preferably less than or equal to 500 ppm, and more preferably less than or equal to 50 ppm, or even less than 10 ppm and advantageously without sulfur.
- the copolymer described above is used as a detergent additive in the liquid fuel at a content, preferably at least 10 ppm, preferably at least 50 ppm, more preferably at a content of 10 to 5000 ppm, more preferably preferably from 10 to 1000 ppm.
- the use of a copolymer as described above in the liquid fuel makes it possible to maintain the cleanliness of at least one of the internal parts of the internal combustion engine and / or to clean at least one of the parts internal combustion engine.
- copolymer in the liquid fuel makes it possible, in particular, to limit or avoid the formation of deposits in at least one of the internal parts of said engine (keep-clean effect) and / or to reduce the deposits existing in least one of the internal parts of said engine (effect "clean-up" in English).
- the use of the copolymer in the liquid fuel makes it possible, in comparison with the liquid fuel with no particular additives, to limit or avoid the formation of deposits in at least one of the internal parts of said engine or to reduce the deposits existing in at least one of the internal parts. said engine.
- the use of the copolymer in the liquid fuel makes it possible to observe both the effects, limitation (or prevention) and reduction of deposits ("keep-clean” and "clean-up” effects).
- the internal combustion engine is a spark ignition engine, preferably direct injection (DISI in English "Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engine”).
- the targeted deposits are located in at least one of the internal parts of said spark ignition engine.
- the internal part of the spark-ignition engine kept clean (keep-clean) and / or cleaned (clean-up) is advantageously chosen from the intake system of the engine, in particular the intake valves (IVD). Intake Valve Deposit "), the" Combustion Chamber Deposit “(CCD) and the fuel injection system, in particular the injectors of an indirect injection system (PFI in English "Port Fuel Injector") or the injectors of a direct injection system (DISI).
- the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, preferably a direct injection diesel engine, in particular a diesel engine with Common Rail Direct Injection (IDRC) system.
- the targeted deposits are located in at least one of the internal parts of said diesel engine.
- the targeted deposits are located in the injection system of the diesel engine, preferably located on an external part of an injector of said injection system, for example the nose of the injector and / or on an internal part. of an injector of said injection system (IDID in English "Internai Diesel Injector Deposits"), for example on the surface of an injector needle.
- the deposits may consist of deposits related to the phenomenon of coking ("coking" in English) and / or deposits soap and / or varnish (in English "lacquering”).
- the copolymer as described above may advantageously be used in the liquid fuel to reduce and / or avoid the loss of power due to the formation of deposits in the internal parts of a direct injection diesel engine, said power loss being determined according to the CEC standard motor test method F-98-08.
- the copolymer as described above may advantageously be used in the liquid fuel to reduce and / or avoid the restriction of the fuel flow emitted by the injector of a direct injection diesel engine during its operation, said flux restriction being determined according to the CEC standard motor test method F-23-1-01.
- the use of the copolymer as described above makes it possible, in comparison with the liquid fuel that is not particularly additive, to limit or avoid the formation of deposits on at least one type of deposits previously described and / or to reduce the deposits existing on at least one of a type of depots previously described.
- the use of the copolymer described above also makes it possible to reduce the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine.
- the use of the copolymer described above also makes it possible to reduce the emissions of pollutants, in particular the particulate emissions of the internal combustion engine.
- the use of the copolymer according to the invention makes it possible to reduce both the fuel consumption and the pollutant emissions.
- the copolymer described above may be used alone, in the form of a mixture of at least two of said copolymers or in the form of a concentrate.
- the copolymer may be added to the liquid fuel within a refinery and / or incorporated downstream of the refinery and / or optionally mixed with other additives in the form of an additive concentrate, also called the use "additive package".
- a fuel concentrate comprises one or more copolymers as described above, mixed with an organic liquid.
- the organic liquid is inert with respect to the block copolymer described above and miscible in the liquid fuel described above.
- miscible means that the copolymer and the organic liquid form a solution or a dispersion so as to facilitate the mixing of the copolymer in liquid fuels according to the conventional fuel additive processes.
- the organic liquid is advantageously chosen from aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as the solvent sold under the name "SOLVESSO", alcohols, ethers and other oxygenated compounds and paraffinic solvents such as hexane, pentane or isoparaffins. alone or in mixture.
- the concentrate may advantageously comprise from 5 to 99% by weight, preferably from 10 to 80%, more preferably from 25 to 70% of copolymer as described above.
- the concentrate may typically comprise from 1 to 95% by weight, preferably from 10 to 70%, more preferably from 25 to 60% of organic liquid, the balance corresponding to the copolymer, it being understood that the concentrate may comprise one or more copolymers. in blocks as described above.
- solubility of the block copolymer in the organic liquids and the liquid fuels described above will depend in particular on the average molar masses by weight and by number, respectively M w and M n of the copolymer.
- the average molar masses M w and M n of the copolymer according to the invention will be chosen so that the copolymer is soluble in the liquid fuel and / or the organic liquid of the concentrate for which it is intended.
- the average molar masses M w and M n of the copolymer according to the invention may also have an influence on the effectiveness of this copolymer as a detergent additive.
- the average molar masses M w and M n will thus be chosen so as to optimize the effect of the copolymer according to the invention, in particular the detergency effect (engine cleanliness) in the liquid fuels described above.
- the copolymer advantageously has a weight average molecular weight (M w ) ranging from 500 to 30,000 g. mol “1 , preferably from 1000 to 10,000 g, mol " 1 , more preferably less than or equal to 4000 g. mol "1 , and / or a number-average molar mass (Mn) ranging from 500 to 15,000 g mol -1 , preferably from 1000 to 10,000 g. mol "1 , more preferably less than or equal to 4000 g, mol " 1 .
- M w weight average molecular weight
- Mn number-average molar mass
- the copolymer according to the invention is used in the form of an additive concentrate in combination with at least one other fuel additive for an internal combustion engine other than the copolymer described above.
- the additive concentrate may typically comprise one or more other additives selected from detergent additives different from the copolymer described above, for example from anti-corrosion agents, dispersants, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, biocides, deodorants, procetane additives, friction modifiers, lubricity additives or lubricity additives, combustion assistants (catalytic combustion promoters and soot), cloud point improvers, pour point, TLF ("Filterability Limit Temperature”), anti-settling agents, anti-wear agents and conductivity modifiers.
- detergent additives different from the copolymer described above, for example from anti-corrosion agents, dispersants, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, biocides, deodorants, procetane additives, friction modifiers, lubricity additives or lubricity additives, combustion assistants (catalytic combustion promoters and soot), cloud point improvers, pour point, TLF ("Filterability Limit Temperature”), anti-settling agents,
- procetane additives in particular (but not limited to) selected from alkyl nitrates, preferably 2-ethyl hexyl nitrate, aryl peroxides, preferably benzyl peroxide, and alkyl peroxides, preferably ter-butyl peroxide;
- anti-foam additives in particular (but not limited to) selected from polysiloxanes, oxyalkylated polysiloxanes, and fatty acid amides from vegetable or animal oils. Examples of such additives are given in EP861882, EP663000, EP736590;
- CFI Cold Flow Improver
- EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers
- EVE ethylene / vinyl propionate
- EMMA ethylene / vinyl ethanoate
- ethylene / alkyl fumarate described, for example, in US3048479, US3627838, US3790359, US3961961 and EP261957.
- lubricity additives or anti-wear agents in particular (but not limited to) selected from the group consisting of fatty acids and their ester or amide derivatives, in particular glycerol monooleate, and monocarboxylic acid derivatives and polycyclic.
- lubricity additives or anti-wear agents are given in the following documents: EP680506, EP860494, WO98 / 04656, EP915944, FR2772783, FR2772784.
- cloud point additives including (but not limited to) selected from group consisting of long-chain olefin terpolymers / (meth) acrylic ester / maleimide ester, and fumaric / maleic acid ester polymers. Examples of such additives are given in FR2528051, FR2528051, FR2528423, EP1 12195, EP172758, EP271385, EP291367;
- detergent additives including (but not limited to) selected from the group consisting of succinimides, polyetheramines and quaternary ammonium salts; for example those described in US4171959 and WO2006135881.
- polyfunctional cold operability additives selected from the group consisting of olefin and alkenyl nitrate polymers as described in EP573490.
- additives are generally added in an amount ranging from 10 to 1000 ppm (each), preferably 100 to 1000 ppm.
- one or more copolymers as described above are used in combination with at least one compound selected from succinimides, in the additive concentrate or in the liquid fuel as described above.
- the succinimides are substituted by a hydrocarbon chain, preferably C 8 -C 5 oo, more preferably C 1 -C 5
- the copolymer is used in combination with at least one compound chosen from polyisobutenes succinimides.
- the polyisobutenes succinimides are compounds obtained by the reaction of a succinic acid or anhydride, substituted by a polyisobutenyl chain, with an amine.
- the polyisobutenyl substituent chain of the succinic acid or anhydride has a number-average molecular weight ranging from 500 to 5000 g / mol, preferably from 800 to 1300 g / mol, the number-average molecular mass being determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), also called size exclusion chromatography (CES), from the starting polymer.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- CES size exclusion chromatography
- the product obtained consists of a complex mixture of unreacted polymers and polyisobutene-substituted succinic anhydrides in which the polyisobutenyl substituent is bonded to at least one of the alpha-grouped carbons. carbonyls of succinic anhydride.
- the amine used for the preparation of polyisobutene succinimide has the following formula (IX):
- the Rio groups are chosen independently from the alkylene chains in dC 5 , preferably in C 2 -C 3 , and
- p is an integer from 0 to 10, preferably from 3 to 5.
- the amine used for the preparation of polyisobutene succinimide is NH 3 ammonia.
- the amine used for the preparation of polyisobutene succinimide is chosen from polyalkylene polyamines. According to this variant, the amine corresponds to formula (IX) with p strictly greater than 0.
- the Rio groups are all identical.
- polyalkylenepolyamine is chosen from the polyethylenepolyamines of formula (X) below:
- p is an integer from 1 to 10, preferably from 3 to 5.
- the polyethylenepolyamine is chosen from ethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and pentaethylenehexamine. More preferably, the polyethylenepolyamine is tetraethylenepentamine.
- succinic acid or succinic anhydride, substituted by a polyisobutene chain, and the amine are introduced in a molar ratio ranging from 0.2: 1 to 5: 1, preferably from 0.2: 1 to 2.5: 1, even more preferably from 1: 1 to 2: 1.
- the reaction between the polyisobutenyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride and the amine is preferably carried out at a temperature of at least 80 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 125 to 250 ° C.
- polyisobutene succinimide corresponds to the following formula (XI):
- the Rio groups are independently selected from the dC 5 , preferably C 2 -C 3 , alkylene chains, and
- p is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, preferably from 3 to 5.
- polyalkylene polyamines are commercially available in the form of complex mixtures further comprising, in small amounts, cyclic compounds such as piperazines. Therefore, the previously described polyisobutenes succinimide detergent additives are available in the form of mixtures which may additionally comprise, in a minor way, unreacted polyolefins, reaction solvent or by-products. It is common in the literature to refer to these mixtures as "alkenyl succinimide detergent".
- the polyisobutene succinimide when present in the additive concentrate, it is present in an amount ranging from 1 to 1000 ppm, preferably ranging from 5 to 500 ppm, more preferably ranging from 10 to 200 ppm, even more preferentially. ranging from 20 to 100 ppm.
- the weight ratio between the copolymer (s) and the succinimide compound ranges from 5: 95 to 95: 5, preferably from 10: 90 to 90: 10.
- the molar and / or mass ratio between the polar monomer (m b ) and the apolar monomer (m a ) and / or between the block A and B in the block copolymer described above will be chosen so that the copolymer in block is soluble in the fuel and / or the organic liquid of the concentrate for which it is intended. Likewise, this ratio can be optimized according to the fuel and / or the organic liquid so as to obtain the best effect on engine cleanliness. The optimization of the molar and / or mass ratio can be carried out by routine tests accessible to those skilled in the art.
- the polar monomer (m b ) of block B is preferably from 95: 5 to 70:30, more preferably from 85:15 to 75:25.
- a fuel composition is prepared according to any known method by adding the liquid fuel described above with at least one copolymer as described above.
- a fuel composition comprising (1) a fuel as described above, and
- the fuel (1) is, in particular, chosen from hydrocarbon fuels and non-essentially hydrocarbon fuels previously described, taken alone or as a mixture.
- this fuel composition comprising such a copolymer in an internal combustion engine has an effect on the cleanliness of the engine compared to the liquid fuel that is not particularly additive and allows, in particular, to prevent or reduce the fouling of the internal parts of said engine. .
- the effect on the cleanliness of the engine is as previously described in the context of the use of the copolymer.
- the combustion of the fuel composition comprising such a copolymer in an internal combustion engine also makes it possible to reduce the fuel consumption and / or the pollutant emissions.
- copolymer according to the invention is incorporated, preferably, in a small amount in the liquid fuel described above, the amount of copolymer being sufficient to produce a detergent effect as described above and thus improve engine cleanliness.
- the fuel composition advantageously comprises at least 5 ppm, preferably from 10 to 5000 ppm, more preferably from 20 to 2000 ppm, in particular from 50 to 500 ppm of copolymer (s) (2).
- the fuel composition may also comprise one or more other additives different from the copolymer according to the invention chosen from the other known detergent additives, for example from anticorrosive agents, dispersants, demulsifiers, agents and the like. defoamers, biocides, re-deodorants, procetane additives, friction modifiers, lubricity additives or lubricity additives, combustion assistants (catalytic combustion promoters and soot), improvers cloud point, pour point, TLF, anti-settling agents, anti-wear agents and / or conductivity modifiers.
- other additives different from the copolymer according to the invention chosen from the other known detergent additives, for example from anticorrosive agents, dispersants, demulsifiers, agents and the like. defoamers, biocides, re-deodorants, procetane additives, friction modifiers, lubricity additives or lubricity additives, combustion assistants (catalytic combustion promoters and soot), improvers
- a method of keeping clean (keep-clean) and / or cleaning (clean-up) of at least one of the internal parts of an internal combustion engine comprises the preparation of a fuel composition by additivation of a fuel with one or more copolymers as described above and combustion of said fuel composition in the internal combustion engine.
- the internal combustion engine is a spark ignition engine, preferably direct injection (DISI).
- DISI direct injection
- the inner part kept clean and / or cleaned of the spark ignition engine is preferably selected from the engine intake system, in particular the intake valves (IVD), the combustion chamber (CCD or TCD) and the fuel injection system, in particular the injectors of an indirect injection system (IFP) or the injectors of a direct injection system (DISI).
- the engine intake system in particular the intake valves (IVD), the combustion chamber (CCD or TCD) and the fuel injection system, in particular the injectors of an indirect injection system (IFP) or the injectors of a direct injection system (DISI).
- the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, preferably a direct injection diesel engine, in particular a diesel engine with Common Rail injection systems (IDRC).
- a direct injection diesel engine in particular a diesel engine with Common Rail injection systems (IDRC).
- IDRC Common Rail injection systems
- the internal part kept clean (keep-clean) and / or cleaned (clean-up) of the diesel engine is preferably the injection system of the diesel engine, preferably an external part of an injector of said injection system for example the nose of the injector and / or one of the internal parts of an injector of said injection system, for example the surface of an injector needle.
- the keep-clean and / or clean-up method comprises the successive steps of:
- step b) incorporation into the fuel of the selected copolymer or copolymers at the rate determined in step a) and, optionally, the other fuel additives.
- the copolymer (s) may be incorporated in the fuel, alone or as a mixture, successively or simultaneously.
- the copolymer (s) may be used in the form of a concentrate or an additive concentrate as described above.
- Step a) is carried out according to any known method and is common practice in the field of additive fuel. This step involves defining at least one representative characteristic of the detergency properties of the fuel composition.
- the representative characteristic of the fuel detergency properties will depend on the type of internal combustion engine, for example diesel or spark ignition, the direct or indirect injection system and the location in the engine of the targeted deposits for cleaning and / or maintaining cleanliness.
- the characteristic characteristic of the fuel detergency properties may, for example, correspond to the power loss due to the formation of the deposits in the injectors or the restriction of the fuel flow emitted by the injector at the fuel injector. during the operation of said engine.
- the representative characteristic of the detergency properties may also correspond to the appearance of lacquering deposits at the injector needle (IDID).
- IDID injector needle
- the determination of the amount of copolymer to be added to the fuel composition to reach the specification (step a) described above) will be carried out typically by comparison with the fuel composition but without the copolymer according to the invention, the specification given for the detergency may for example be a target value of power loss according to the DW10 method or a flow restriction value according to XUD9 method mentioned above.
- the amount of copolymer may also vary depending on the nature and origin of the fuel, particularly depending on the level of n-alkyl, isoalkyl or n-alkenyl substituted compounds. Thus, the nature and origin of the fuel may also be a factor to consider for step a).
- the keep-clean and / or clean-up method may also include an additional step after step b) of checking the target reached and / or adjusting the rate of additivation with the copolymer (s) as detergent additive.
- copolymers according to the invention have remarkable properties as a detergent additive in a liquid fuel, in particular in a diesel or gasoline fuel.
- copolymers according to the invention are particularly remarkable in particular because they are effective as a detergent additive for a wide range of liquid fuel and / or for one or more types of motorization and / or against one or more types of deposit which are formed in internal parts of internal combustion engines.
- VEOVA Vinyl ester of neodecanoic acid, VEOVA (CAS 51000-52-3)
- Quaternarization agent 1, 2-epoxybutane 99% (CAS 106-88-7)
- Thermo Fisher Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography UHPLC Utimate 3000
- the ethylenic signals characteristic of ADAME observed at 6.36, 6.10 and 5.77 ppm, are used.
- Mn, Mp and the polydispersity index (Ip) determined by SEC with a Waters Styragel apparatus operating at 40 ° C and 645 Psi with a THF flow rate of 1 ml / min equipped with a detector RI.
- the solvent used is THF stabilized with BHT (1 g / l) and the flow rate is set at 1 ml.min -1 .
- the number average molecular weights (Mn) were determined by RI (refractive index) detection from calibration curves constructed for polymethyl methacrylate standards
- n and p are determined by 1 H NMR.
- 1 H NMR a signal is detected towards 3.6 ppm which is linked to the -COOCH 3 (3H) group of the RAFT xanthate agent.
- an integral corrected for the presence of residual monomers and the -OCH 2 group of the RAFT agent) of 18 for the 5.1 -4.4 ppm solid bound to the CH 2 groups is obtained.
- CHO- (1H) VEOVA units This number corresponds to the number of units
- the XUD9 test makes it possible to determine the restriction of the flow of diesel fuel emitted by the injector of a prechamber diesel engine during its operation, according to the engine test method CEC CEC F-23-1 -01.
- the purpose of this XUD9 test is to evaluate the ability of the diesel fuel and / or additive and / or additive composition tested to maintain cleanliness, the so-called "Keep Clean" effect, of injectors of a Peugeot XUD9 A / L engine with four cylinders and diesel prechamber injection, in particular to evaluate its ability to limit the formation of deposits on the injectors.
- the GOM1 fuel has a remarkable effect in limiting the fouling of XUD9 injectors compared to non-additive fuel GOM B0.
- the diesel composition additive with the copolymer according to the present invention GOM1 has a loss of deduction lower than that of the GOM BO reference tested.
- the additivation of the GOM BO with the copolymer according to the invention makes it possible to obtain an average flow loss of less than 50% and an average flow gain of greater than 20%, even with a very low additivation rate of 100 ppm. m.
- the demulsification properties of fuel additives or fuel additive concentrate can be determined according to ASTM D 1094.
- the measurement protocol below may, for example, be used to evaluate the demulsification performance of the additive mixture according to the invention or the fuel concentrate according to the invention containing the succinimide compound.
- the copolymers according to the invention have remarkable properties as a detergent additive in a liquid fuel, in particular in a diesel or gasoline fuel.
- the copolymers according to the invention are particularly remarkable in particular because they are effective as a detergent additive for a wide range of liquid fuels and / or for one or more types of motorization and / or against one or more types of deposit which are formed in internal parts of internal combustion engines.
- the copolymers according to the invention are remarkable in that they make it possible to improve the separation of water and fuel when the latter contains water when they are combined with succinimide compounds, in particular the polyisobutenes succinimides.
- the demulsifying performance of the mixture does not affect the detergent properties of said copolymers when used in a liquid fuel.
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP17751440.3A EP3487894A1 (fr) | 2016-07-21 | 2017-07-20 | Copolymere utilisable comme additif detergent pour carburant |
MX2019000915A MX2019000915A (es) | 2016-07-21 | 2017-07-20 | Copolimero utilizable como aditivo detergente para combustible. |
US16/319,788 US10767128B2 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2017-07-20 | Copolymer suitable for use as a detergent additive for fuel |
CN201780053772.3A CN109689708A (zh) | 2016-07-21 | 2017-07-20 | 适合用作燃料的清净添加剂的共聚物 |
CA3031315A CA3031315A1 (fr) | 2016-07-21 | 2017-07-20 | Copolymere utilisable comme additif detergent pour carburant |
EA201990117A EA201990117A1 (ru) | 2016-07-21 | 2017-07-20 | Сополимер, подходящий для применения в качестве моющей присадки к топливу |
BR112019001157-9A BR112019001157A2 (pt) | 2016-07-21 | 2017-07-20 | copolímero adequado para uso como aditivo detergente para combustíveis |
ZA201900369A ZA201900369B (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2019-01-18 | Copolymer suitable for use as a detergent additive for fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1656974A FR3054225B1 (fr) | 2016-07-21 | 2016-07-21 | Copolymere utilisable comme additif detergent pour carburant |
FR1656974 | 2016-07-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2018015666A1 true WO2018015666A1 (fr) | 2018-01-25 |
Family
ID=56990622
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2017/051976 WO2018015666A1 (fr) | 2016-07-21 | 2017-07-20 | Copolymere utilisable comme additif detergent pour carburant |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10767128B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3487894A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN109689708A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112019001157A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3031315A1 (fr) |
EA (1) | EA201990117A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3054225B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2019000915A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018015666A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201900369B (fr) |
Cited By (6)
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FR3072095A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-06 | 2019-04-12 | Total Marketing Services | Composition d'additifs pour carburant |
FR3074499A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-07 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation d'un copolymere particulier pour prevenir les depots sur les soupapes des moteurs a injection indirecte essence |
GB2574104A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-11-27 | Innospec Ltd | Composition, method and use |
WO2020083837A1 (fr) | 2018-10-24 | 2020-04-30 | Total Marketing Services | Association d'additifs pour carburant |
FR3101882A1 (fr) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-16 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation de polymères cationiques particuliers comme additifs pour carburants et combustibles |
CN113366094A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-09-07 | 道达尔销售服务公司 | 用作为燃料添加剂的脂肪酰氨基季胺化合物 |
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2017
- 2017-07-20 EA EA201990117A patent/EA201990117A1/ru unknown
- 2017-07-20 US US16/319,788 patent/US10767128B2/en active Active
- 2017-07-20 CN CN201780053772.3A patent/CN109689708A/zh active Pending
- 2017-07-20 BR BR112019001157-9A patent/BR112019001157A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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FR3074499A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-07 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation d'un copolymere particulier pour prevenir les depots sur les soupapes des moteurs a injection indirecte essence |
WO2019110937A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-13 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation d'un copolymere particulier pour prevenir les depôts sur les soupapes des moteurs a injection indirecte essence |
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EP3775112B1 (fr) | 2018-03-29 | 2022-06-08 | Innospec Limited | Composition, procédé et utilisation |
WO2020083837A1 (fr) | 2018-10-24 | 2020-04-30 | Total Marketing Services | Association d'additifs pour carburant |
FR3087788A1 (fr) | 2018-10-24 | 2020-05-01 | Total Marketing Services | Association d'additifs pour carburant |
CN113366094A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-09-07 | 道达尔销售服务公司 | 用作为燃料添加剂的脂肪酰氨基季胺化合物 |
FR3101882A1 (fr) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-16 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation de polymères cationiques particuliers comme additifs pour carburants et combustibles |
WO2021074006A1 (fr) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-22 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation de polymères cationiques particuliers comme additifs de tenue à froid pour carburants et combustibles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3054225B1 (fr) | 2019-12-27 |
US10767128B2 (en) | 2020-09-08 |
EP3487894A1 (fr) | 2019-05-29 |
MX2019000915A (es) | 2019-07-01 |
EA201990117A1 (ru) | 2019-07-31 |
US20190169516A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
BR112019001157A2 (pt) | 2019-04-30 |
CN109689708A (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
ZA201900369B (en) | 2019-10-30 |
FR3054225A1 (fr) | 2018-01-26 |
CA3031315A1 (fr) | 2018-01-25 |
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