WO2017189978A1 - Alkyne containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and uses related thereto - Google Patents

Alkyne containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and uses related thereto Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017189978A1
WO2017189978A1 PCT/US2017/030080 US2017030080W WO2017189978A1 WO 2017189978 A1 WO2017189978 A1 WO 2017189978A1 US 2017030080 W US2017030080 W US 2017030080W WO 2017189978 A1 WO2017189978 A1 WO 2017189978A1
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Prior art keywords
alkyl
aryl
substituted
amino
methyl
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PCT/US2017/030080
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gregory BLUEMLING
Abel De La Rosa
George Painter
Damien KUIPER
Alexander Kolykhalov
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Emory University
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Emory University
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Priority to CA3022119A priority Critical patent/CA3022119A1/en
Priority to EP17790519.7A priority patent/EP3448392A4/en
Priority to CN201780038569.9A priority patent/CN109689063A/zh
Priority to US16/097,382 priority patent/US11192914B2/en
Priority to EA201892448A priority patent/EA201892448A1/ru
Priority to JP2018556819A priority patent/JP7129703B2/ja
Application filed by Emory University filed Critical Emory University
Publication of WO2017189978A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017189978A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/494,258 priority patent/US20230062181A1/en
Priority to JP2022076713A priority patent/JP2022106920A/ja
Priority to JP2023215791A priority patent/JP2024038012A/ja
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
    • A61K31/706—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
    • A61K31/706—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/7064—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines
    • A61K31/7068—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines having oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. cytidine, cytidylic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
    • A61K31/706—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/7064—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines
    • A61K31/7068—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines having oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. cytidine, cytidylic acid
    • A61K31/7072—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines having oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. cytidine, cytidylic acid having two oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. uridine, uridylic acid, thymidine, zidovudine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
    • A61K31/706—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/7064—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines
    • A61K31/7076—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines containing purines, e.g. adenosine, adenylic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A61P31/16—Antivirals for RNA viruses for influenza or rhinoviruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
    • C07H19/10—Pyrimidine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
    • C07H19/10—Pyrimidine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
    • C07H19/11—Pyrimidine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids containing cyclic phosphate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/12—Triazine radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/14—Pyrrolo-pyrimidine radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/16—Purine radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/16—Purine radicals
    • C07H19/20—Purine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/16—Purine radicals
    • C07H19/20—Purine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
    • C07H19/213—Purine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids containing cyclic phosphate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to alkyne containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and uses related thereto.
  • the disclosure relates to nucleosides optionally conjugated to a phosphorus oxide or salts thereof.
  • the disclosure relates to conjugate compounds or salts thereof comprising an amino acid ester, a lipid or a sphingolipid or derivative linked by a phosphorus oxide to a nucleotide or nucleoside.
  • the disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds for uses in treating infectious diseases, viral infections, and cancer.
  • Nucleoside and nucleotide phosphates and phosphonates are clinically useful as antiviral agents.
  • Two examples are tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus and adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B virus infections.
  • Administration of three or more antiretro viral agents in combination e.g., Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)
  • HAART Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
  • Permeability into privileged compartments may be partially responsible for the current inability of chemotherapy to totally clear a patient of HIV infection and the emergence of resistance.
  • Nucleoside analogues enter a cell via two types of broad-specificity transporters, concentrative nucleoside transporters (CNTs) and equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs). Once inside, they utilize the host's nucleoside salvage pathway for sequential phosphorylation by deoxynucleoside kinases (dNKs), deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinases (dNMPKs) and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK).
  • dNKs deoxynucleoside kinases
  • dNMPKs deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinases
  • NDPK nucleoside diphosphate kinase
  • Sphingolipids play roles in cell-cell and cell-substratum interactions, and help regulate growth and differentiation by a variety of mechanisms, such as inhibition of growth factor receptor kinases and effects on numerous cellular signal transduction systems.
  • U.S. patent 6,610,835 discloses sphingosine analogues. It also discloses methods of treating infections and cancer. Pruett et al., J. Lipid Res. 2008, 49(8), 1621-1639, report on sphingosine and derivatives.Bushnev et al., ARKIVOC, 2010, (viii):263-277, report an asymmetric synthetic method for preparing sphingolipid derivatives. Dougherty et al., Org. Lett.
  • nucleosides optionally conjugated to a phosphorus oxide or salts thereof, prodrugs or conjugate compounds or salts thereof comprising an amino acid ester, lipid or a sphingolipid or derivative linked by a phosphorus oxide to a nucleotide or nucleoside.
  • This disclosure relates to alkyne containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and uses related thereto.
  • the disclosure relates to nucleosides optionally conjugated to a phosphorus oxide or salts thereof.
  • the disclosure relates to conjugate compounds or salts thereof comprising an amino acid ester, a lipid or a sphingolipid or derivative linked by a phosphorus oxide to a nucleotide or nucleoside.
  • the disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds for uses in treating infectious diseases, viral infections, and cancer.
  • the disclosure relates to phosphorus oxide prodrugs of 2'-alkyne containing nucleosides for the treatment of positive-sense and negative-sense RNA viral infections through targeting of the virally encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).
  • RdRp virally encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
  • This disclosure also provides the general use of lipids and sphingolipids to deliver nucleoside analogs for the treatment of infectious disease and cancer.
  • the disclosure relates to conjugate compounds or salts thereof comprising a sphingolipid or derivative linked by a phosphorus oxide to a nucleotide or nucleoside.
  • the phosphorus oxide is a phosphate, phosphonate, polyphosphate, or polyphosphonate, wherein the phosphate, phosphonate or a phosphate in the polyphosphate or polyphosphonate is optionally a phosphorothioate or phosphoroamidate.
  • the lipid or sphingolipid is covalently bonded to the phosphorus oxide through an amino group or a hydroxyl group.
  • the nucleotide or nucleoside comprises a heterocycle comprising two or more nitrogen heteroatoms, wherein the substituted heterocycle is optionally substituted with one or more, the same or different alkyl, halogen, or cycloalkyl.
  • the sphingolipid is saturated or unsaturated 2-aminoalkyl or 2- aminooctadecane optionally substituted with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the sphingolipid derivative is saturated or unsaturated 2-aminooctadecane-3-ol optionally substituted with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the sphingolipid derivative is saturated or unsaturated 2-aminooctadecane-3,5-diol optionally substituted with one or more substituents.
  • the disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising any of the compounds disclosed herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a pill, capsule, tablet, or saline buffer comprising a saccharide.
  • the composition may contain a second active agent such as a pain reliever, anti-inflammatory agent, non-steroidal anti- inflammatory agent, anti-viral agent, anti-biotic, or anti-cancer agent.
  • the disclosure relates to methods of treating or preventing an infection comprising administering an effective amount of a compound disclosed herein to a subject in need thereof.
  • the subject is diagnosed with or at risk of an infection from a virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, or parasite.
  • the disclosure relates the methods of treating a viral infection comprising administering an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein to a subject in need thereof.
  • the subject is a mammal, for example, a human.
  • the subject is diagnosed with a chronic viral infection.
  • administration is under conditions such that the viral infection is no longer detected.
  • the subject is diagnosed with a RNA virus, DNA virus, or retroviruses.
  • the subject is diagnosed with a virus that is a double stranded DNA viras, sense single stranded DNA virus, double stranded RNA virus, sense single stranded RNA viras, antisense single stranded RNA virus, sense single stranded RNA retrovirus or a double stranded DNA retrovirus.
  • influenza A virus including subtype H1N1, H3N2, H7N9, or H5N1, influenza B virus, influenza C virus, rotavirus A, rotavirus B, rotavirus C, rotavirus D, rotavirus E, human coronavirus, SARS coronavirus, MERS coronavirus, human adenovirus types (HAdV-1 to 55), human papillomavirus (HPV) Types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59, parvovirus B19, molluscum contagiosum virus, JC virus (JCV), BK viras, Merkel cell polyomaviras, coxsackie A viras, norovirus, Rubella virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), Dengue virus, chikungunya, Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), Western equine ence
  • influenza B virus influenza C virus
  • CMV cytomegalovirus
  • herpes lymphotropic virus roseolovirus
  • Kaposi's sarcoma- associated herpesvirus hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, hepatitis E or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  • HAV human immunodeficiency virus
  • influenza A virus including subtypes H1N1, H3N2, H7N9, H5N1 (low path), and H5N1 (high path) influenza B virus, influenza C virus, rotavirus A, rotavirus B, rotavirus C, rotavirus D, rotavirus E, SARS coronavirus, MERS-CoV, human adenovirus types (HAdV-1 to 55), human papillomavirus (HPV) Types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59, parvovirus B19, molluscum contagiosum viras, JC viras (JCV), BK viras, Merkel cell polyomaviras, coxsackie A virus, norovirus, Rubella virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), yellow fever virus, measles virus, mumps viras, respirator ⁇ ' s
  • influenza B virus influenza C virus
  • compositions disclosed herein can be administered in combination with a any of US 8466159; US8492386; US6056961, US6143752, US6403564, US6475985, US6689814,US6849254, US6936629, US6995174, US7012066,
  • compositions disclosed herein are administered in combination with a second antiviral agent, such as ABT-450, ABT-267, ABT-333, ABT-493, ABT-530, abacavir, acyclovir, acyclovir, adefovir, amantadine, amprenavir, ampligen, arbidol, atazanavir, atripla, boceprevir, cidofovir, combivir, daclatasvir, darunavir, dasabuvir, delavirdine, didanosine, docosanol, edoxudine, efavirenz, emtricitabine, enfuvirtide, entecavir, famciclovir, fomivirsen, fosamprenavir, foscarnet, fosfonet, ganciclovir, ibacitabine, imunovir, idoxuridine, imiquimod, indinavir,
  • the disclosure relates to methods of treating a cancer comprising administering an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein to subject in need thereof.
  • the cancer is selected from bladder cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, colon and rectal cancer, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, endometrial cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia, thyroid cancer, and brain cancer.
  • compositions are administered in combination with a second anti-cancer agent, such as temozolamide, bevacizumab, procarbazine, lomustine, vincristine, gefitinib, erlotinib, docetaxel, cis-platin, 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, tegafur, raltitrexed, methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside, hydroxyurea, adriamycin, bleomycin, doxorubicin, daunomycin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mitomycin-C, dactinomycin and mithramycin, vinblastine, vindesine, vinorelbine, taxol, taxotere, etoposide, teniposide, amsacrine, topotecan,
  • a second anti-cancer agent such as temozolamide, bevacizumab, procarbazine, lomustine, vincri
  • camptothecin camptothecin, bortezomib, anagrelide, tamoxifen, toremifene, raloxifene, droloxifene, iodoxyfene, fulvestrant, bicalutamide, flutamide, nilutamide, cyproterone, goserelin, leuprorelin, buserelin, megestrol, anastrozole, letrozole, vorazole, exemestane, finasteride, marimastat, trastuzumab, cetuximab, dasatinib, imatinib, combretastatin, thalidomide, and/or lenalidomide or combinations thereof.
  • the disclosure relates to uses of compounds disclosed herein in the production or manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of an infectious disease, viral infection, or cancer. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to derivatives of compounds disclosed herein or any of the formula.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure will employ, unless otherwise indicated, techniques of medicine, organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacology, and the like, which are within the skill of the art. Such techniques are explained fully in the literature.
  • the joined molecules may bond to oxygen or directly to the phosphorus atoms.
  • the term is intended to include, but are not limited to phosphates, in which the phosphorus is typically bonded to four oxygens and phosphonates, in which the phosphorus is typically bonded to one carbon and three oxygens.
  • a "polyphosphate” generally refers to phosphates linked together by at least one phosphorus-oxygen-phosphorus (P-O-P) bond.
  • a "polyphosphonate” refers to a polyphosphate that contains at least one phosphorus-carbon (C-P-O-P) bond.
  • P-N phosphorus-amine
  • the oxygen atom may form a double or single bond to the phosphorus or combinations, and the oxygen may further bond with other atoms such as carbon or may exist as an anion which is counter balanced with a cation, e.g., metal or quaternary amine.
  • alkyl means a noncyclic, cyclic, linear or branched, unsaturated or saturated hydrocarbon such as those containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and specifically includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl, cyclopentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, 3- methylpentyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, and 2,3-dimethylbutyl.
  • Alkyl groups can be optionally substituted with one or more moieties selected from, for example, hydroxyl, amino, halo, deutero, alkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, cyano, sulfonic acid, sulfate, phosphonic acid, phosphate, or phosphonate, or any other viable functional group that does not inhibit the pharmacological activity of this compound, either unprotected, or protected, as necessary, as known to those skilled in the art, for example, as taught in T. W. Greene and P. G. M. Wuts, "Protective Groups in Organic
  • lower alkyl refers to a CI to C4 saturated straight, branched, or if appropriate, a cyclic (for example, cyclopropyl) alkyl group, including both substituted and unsubstituted forms. Unless otherwise specifically stated in this application, when alkyl is a suitable moiety, lower alkyl is preferred.
  • halo or “halogen,” as used herein, includes chloro, bromo, iodo and fluoro.
  • Non-aromatic mono or polycyclic alkyls are referred to herein as “carbocycles” or “carbocyclyl” groups that contain 3 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • Representative saturated carbocycles include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and the like; while unsaturated carbocycles include cyclopentenyl and cyclohexenyl, and the like.
  • Heterocarbocycles or heterocarbocyclyl groups are carbocycles which contain from 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur which may be saturated or unsaturated (but not aromatic), monocyclic or polycyclic, and wherein the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may be optionally oxidized, and the nitrogen heteroatom may be optionally quaternized.
  • Heterocarbocycles include morpholinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, hydantoinyl, valerolactamyl, oxiranyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl,
  • Aryl means an aromatic carbocyclic monocyclic or polycyclic ring that contains 6 to 32 carbon atoms, such as phenyl or naphthyl.
  • Polycyclic ring systems may, but are not required to, contain one or more non-aromatic rings, as long as one of the rings is aromatic.
  • heteroaryl refers an aromatic heterocarbocycle having 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and containing at least 1 carbon atom, including both mono- and polycyclic ring systems.
  • Polycyclic ring systems may, but are not required to, contain one or more non-aromatic rings, as long as one of the rings is aromatic.
  • heteroaryls are furyl, benzofuranyl, thiophenyl, benzothiophenyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, azaindolyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, oxazolyl, isooxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, benzimidazolyl, thiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, and quinazolinyl. It is contemplated that the use of the term "heteroaryl” includes N-alkylated derivatives such as a 1- methylimidazol-5-yl substituent.
  • heterocycle or “heterocyclyl” refers to mono- and polycyclic ring systems having 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and containing at least 1 carbon atom.
  • the mono- and polycyclic ring systems may be aromatic, non-aromatic or mixtures of aromatic and non-aromatic rings.
  • Heterocycle includes heterocarbocycles, heteroaryls, and the like.
  • Alkylthio refers to an alkyl group as defined above attached through a sulfur bridge.
  • An example of an alkylthio is methylthio, (i.e., -S-CH3).
  • Alkoxy refers to an alkyl group as defined above attached through an oxygen bridge.
  • alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n- butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n- pentoxy, and s-pentoxy.
  • Preferred alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i- propoxy, n-butoxy, s-butoxy, and t-butoxy.
  • Alkylamino refers an alkyl group as defined above attached through an amino bridge.
  • An example of an alkylamino is methylamino, (i.e., -NH-CH 3 ).
  • Alkanoyl refers to an alkyl as defined above attached through a carbonyl bride (i.e., -
  • Alkylsulfinyl refers to an alkyl as defined above attached through a sulfinyl bridge (i.e.
  • Example substituents within this context may include halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, nitro, cyano, oxo, carbocyclyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocarbocyclyl,
  • Ra and Rb in this context may be the same or different and independently hydrogen, halogen hydroxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, carbocyclyl, carbocycloalkyl,
  • heterocarbocyclyl heterocarbocycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl.
  • salts refer to derivatives of the disclosed compounds where the parent compound is modified making acid or base salts thereof.
  • salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines, alkylamines, or dialkylamines; alkali or organic salts of acidic residues such as carboxylic acids; and the like.
  • the salts are conventional nontoxic pharmaceutically acceptable salts including the quaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, and non-toxic inorganic or organic acids.
  • Preferred salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like; and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic, benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2- acetoxybenzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, isethionic, and the like.
  • inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like
  • organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic
  • Subject refers any animal, preferably a human patient, livestock, rodent, monkey or domestic pet.
  • prodrug refers to an agent that is converted into a biologically active form in vivo. Prodrugs are often useful because, in some situations, they may be easier to administer than the parent compound. They may, for instance, be bioavailable by oral administration whereas the parent compound is not. The prodrug may also have improved solubility in pharmaceutical compositions over the parent drug. A prodrug may be converted into the parent drug by various mechanisms, including enzymatic processes and metabolic hydrolysis.
  • the term "derivative" refers to a structurally similar compound that retains sufficient functional attributes of the identified analogue.
  • the derivative may be structurally similar because it is lacking one or more atoms, substituted with one or more substituents, a salt, in different hydration/oxidation states, e.g., substituting a single or double bond, substituting a hydroxy group for a ketone, or because one or more atoms within the molecule are switched, such as, but not limited to, replacing an oxygen atom with a sulfur or nitrogen atom or replacing an amino group with a hydroxyl group or vice versa.
  • Replacing a carbon with nitrogen in an aromatic ring is a contemplated derivative.
  • the derivative may be a prodrug.
  • Derivatives may be prepared by any variety of synthetic methods or appropriate adaptations presented in the chemical literature or as in synthetic or organic chemistry text books, such as those provide in March's Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure, Wiley, 6th Edition (2007) Michael B. Smith or Domino Reactions in Organic Synthesis, Wiley (2006) Lutz F. Tietze hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the terms “prevent” and “preventing” include the full or partial inhibition of the recurrence, spread or onset of a referenced pathological condition or disease. It is not intended that the present disclosure be limited to complete prevention. In some embodiments, the onset is delayed, or the severity of the disease is reduced.
  • the terms “treat” and “treating” are not limited to the case where the subject (e.g., patient) is cured and the disease is eradicated. Rather, embodiments, of the present disclosure also contemplate treatment that merely reduces symptoms, and/or delays disease progression.
  • the term "combination with” when used to describe administration with an additional treatment means that the agent may be administered prior to, together with, or after the additional treatment, or a combination thereof.
  • Nucleoside analogs utilize the host's nucleoside salvage pathway for sequential phosphorylation by deoxynucleoside kinases (dNKs), deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinases (dNMPKs) and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK).
  • dNKs deoxynucleoside kinases
  • dNMPKs deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinases
  • NDPK nucleoside diphosphate kinase
  • intracellular activation of these compounds is often compromised by the high substrate specificity of the host's endogenous kinases.
  • the first and/or second phosphorylation catalyzed by dNKs and dNMPKs, often represent the rate-limiting steps in nucleoside analog activation.
  • Sphingoid bases have the potential for delivering nucleotide analog phosphates to critical tissues such as the brain.
  • the design concept driving the use of sphingoid bases to form nucleoside-lipid conjugates is based on observations that the sphingoid base analogs are: (a) well absorbed after oral administration, (b) resistant to oxidative catabolism in enterocytes, and (c) achieve high concentrations in the brain.
  • sphingoid base conjugates Based on data for intestinal uptake of traditional phospholipid drug conjugates in mice and our data for sphingoid base oral absorption in rats, our sphingoid base conjugates should be well absorbed and resist first pass metabolism. After absorption, sphingoid bases, including sphingosine-1 -phosphate, are transported in blood via both lipoproteins and free plasma proteins like albumin. Active epithelial cell uptake of sphingoid base phosphates has been demonstrated to occur via the ABC transporter, CFTR, but passive protein transport and endocytotic uptake are also possible; it is believed that extracellularly delivered drug conjugates would be processed similarly by target cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT).
  • CNS central nervous system
  • GALT gut-associated lymphoid tissue
  • the disclosure relates to nucleosides conjugated to a phosphorus moiety or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R is OH, F, CI, or NH 2
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R is OH, F, CI, or NH 2
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH2, OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R is OH, F, CI, or NH 2
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH2, OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • R 1 is selected from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S;
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 3 is OH, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydrosyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkosy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkosy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyosy.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH2, OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, l-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • Q is N or CR 9 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 9 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl,
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe
  • R 1 is selected from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, l-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro,
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe or OCH 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S;
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH2, OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro,
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S;
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 8 is H, D, thiol, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy methyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, l-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH2 or OCHMe
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 8 is H, D, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl,
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH2, OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S;
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH2, OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, l-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 7 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • Z is N or CR 8 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • W is N or CR 7 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S;
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, tnfluoromethyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, chloro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 7 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano;
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 , OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, l-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 2 is methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, fluoro, hydroxymethyl, aminomethyl, vinyl, or cyclobutyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCHMe, OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 8 is H, D, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl,
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCMe 2 , OCHF, OCF 2 , or OCD 2 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the following formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,
  • R 8 is H, D, hydroxyl, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxymethyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ethynyl, azido, halo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, acyl, esteryl, formyl, methoxy, ethoxy, alkoxy, substituted amino, or cyano.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of the following formula:
  • X is OCH 2 or OCHMe
  • R 1 is selected from H or from one of the followin formulae:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Y 1 is OH, OAryl, OAlkyl, or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Y 2 is OH or BH 3 -M + ;
  • Aryl is phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, aromatic, heteroaromatic, 4-substituted phenyl, 4- chlorophenyl, or 4-bromophenyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, neopentyl, benzyl, alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or lipid;
  • R 5 is hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, cyano, azido, amino, substituted amino, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, lipid, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, C 2-22 alkenyl, C 2-22 alkynyl, or substituted heteroaryl;
  • R 6 is methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, C 1-22 alkoxy, C 1-22 alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or alkyoxy;
  • R 8 is H, D, thiol, amino, alkyl, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl,
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from:
  • the compound is selected from: In exemplary embodiments, the compound is selected from:

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WO2021209425A1 (en) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-21 Janssen Sciences Ireland Unlimited Company Alkynyl nucleoside analogs for treatment of hepatitis e
US11357865B2 (en) 2020-04-27 2022-06-14 Sixfold Bioscience Ltd. Compositions containing nucleic acid nanoparticles with modular functionality
CN117567310A (zh) * 2023-11-28 2024-02-20 重庆智合生物医药有限公司 一种神经酰胺np1的合成方法

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CA3022119A1 (en) * 2016-04-28 2017-11-02 Emory University Alkyne containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and uses related thereto
CN112279877B (zh) * 2020-12-15 2021-08-06 南京颐媛生物医学研究院有限公司 一种核苷磷酸酯及其合成方法
CN113621013B (zh) * 2021-09-17 2023-07-21 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 2`-乙炔基腺苷磷酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法和用途

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