WO2017183308A1 - 空気調和機 - Google Patents
空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017183308A1 WO2017183308A1 PCT/JP2017/007692 JP2017007692W WO2017183308A1 WO 2017183308 A1 WO2017183308 A1 WO 2017183308A1 JP 2017007692 W JP2017007692 W JP 2017007692W WO 2017183308 A1 WO2017183308 A1 WO 2017183308A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- indoor
- outdoor
- heating
- heat exchanger
- cooling
- Prior art date
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 116
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner, and more particularly to, for example, an air conditioner capable of favorably adjusting the capability of a non-main operation side indoor unit during simultaneous heating and cooling operation of a multi-type cooling and heating simultaneous air conditioner.
- an air conditioner multi-type simultaneous heating and cooling air conditioner
- the flow direction of the refrigerant is determined in consideration of the balance between the cooling capacity and the heating capacity. Specifically, when the cooling capacity is high, the flow path is switched so that the outdoor heat exchanger becomes a condenser. Operation in such a flow path is called "cooling main”. On the other hand, when the heating capacity is large, the flow path is switched so that the outdoor heat exchanger becomes the evaporator. Operation in such a flow path is said to be "heating main".
- Patent Literature 1 describes an air conditioner that includes a plurality of usage units, a heat source unit, and a relay unit, and that can perform cooling operation and heating operation. And when cooling operation and heating operation are mixed in the operation of a plurality of usage units, the sum of the total value of the cooling load related amount of the usage unit of the cooling operation and the total of the heating load related amount of the usage unit of the heating operation It is described that the operation rotational speed of the compressor is controlled based on the utilization unit in which the air conditioning load related amount of the operation (main operation) having the larger total value is the largest among the values. In addition, the air volume of the heat source side fan is controlled based on the utilization unit in which the air conditioning load related amount of the operation with the smaller total value (the subordinate operation) becomes maximum.
- the outdoor fan is controlled to change the flow rate of the air supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger, whereby the heat of the outdoor air and the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger is changed.
- the amount of exchange is controlled. Therefore, in order to suppress the heat exchange amount as much as possible, the outdoor blower is stopped. However, even if the outdoor fan is stopped, the heat radiation in the outdoor heat exchanger may progress due to natural convection, and the heat exchange amount may not be sufficiently suppressed.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air conditioner which can be operated simultaneously with cooling and heating.
- the gist of the present invention is that while operation is performed in any one mode of cooling operation or heating operation in a part of the indoor units among the plurality of indoor units to be air conditioned, the other than the partial indoor units
- the remaining indoor units are installed in each of the plurality of indoor units in an air conditioner capable of simultaneous operation of heating and cooling as heating and cooling operation as a mode different from the operation mode of the partial indoor units.
- a plurality of indoor heat exchangers an indoor fan that blows indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger, and performs heat exchange between the indoor air and the refrigerant, and the indoor heat exchanger
- a compressor connected by piping and compressing the refrigerant sent through the piping, and a compressor provided on the upstream side or downstream side of the refrigerant flow viewed from the compressor and expanding the refrigerant flowing through the piping
- An outdoor heat exchanger that constitutes a refrigeration cycle together with the compressor, the first expansion mechanism, and the first expansion mechanism; and blowing air from the outside to the outdoor heat exchanger; and heat between the air and the refrigerant.
- an outdoor fan performing replacement a cooling main operation in which a flow path is formed so that the outdoor heat exchanger functions as a condenser in the refrigeration cycle, and the outdoor heat exchanger functions as an evaporator in the refrigeration cycle
- a heating / heating main switching device for switching between the heating main operation for forming the flow path and the refrigerant after heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger in the cooling main operation or the outdoor heat in the heating main operation
- the refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger is directly or in the indoor heat exchangers of some of the indoor units
- a flow path switching mechanism that switches the flow path so that the refrigerant after replacement is supplied to the indoor heat exchangers of the remaining indoor units, and the flow path switching mechanism switches the flow path, and the partial room
- the refrigerant after heat exchange in the indoor heat exchanger of the machine is supplied to the indoor heat exchangers of the remaining indoor units, according to the air conditioning capacity by the indoor heat exchangers of
- an air conditioner that is capable of stable operation simultaneously with heating and cooling.
- FIG. 1 is a system diagram during cooling main operation of the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment. While operating the air conditioner 100 in any one mode of the cooling operation and the heating operation in some indoor units among the plurality of indoor units 40a, 40b, 40c, and 40d, the air conditioner 100 is other than the partial indoor units In the remaining indoor units of the above, it is possible to perform simultaneous cooling and heating operation in which heating operation or cooling operation is performed as a mode different from the operation mode in the part of the indoor units.
- the air conditioner 100 includes one outdoor unit 10 and cooling / heating switching units 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d (flow path switching mechanism) existing between the indoor units 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d and the outdoor unit 10. It is configured with.
- the cooling / heating switching units 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d are installed in the heating operation indoor units 40a, 40b of the refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger 14 directly or for some of the indoor heat exchangers 41a, 41b.
- the flow path is switched so that the refrigerant after heat exchange in the indoor heat exchangers 41a and 41b is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 41d installed in the remaining cooling operation indoor unit 40d.
- the refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is directly supplied to the indoor heat exchangers 41a and 41b
- the refrigerant after heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is the other indoor heat exchanger, That is, it means “supplying to the indoor heat exchangers 41a and 41b" without passing through the indoor heat exchangers 41c and 41d.
- direct supply refers to the same meaning.
- the indoor heat exchangers 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d are disposed in the indoor units 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, respectively, and the details will be described later, but these, the compressor 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 It is connected to the.
- indoor fans 49a, 49b, 49c, 49d perform heat exchange between the air and the refrigerant by blowing air in the room to be air-conditioned to the indoor heat exchangers 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d. It is equipped.
- the indoor units 40a, 40b, 40c and 40d are provided with indoor expansion valves 42a, 42b, 42c and 42d (first expansion mechanism).
- the high / low pressure gas pipe side four-way valve 12 is switched so that the high / low pressure gas main pipe 22 is connected to either the high pressure side or the low pressure side, and a flow passage depending on either the cooling main or the heating main.
- (Heat exchanger side) four-way valve 13 cooling and heating main body switching device
- outdoor heat exchanger 14 and outdoor fan 19 for blowing outside air to the outdoor heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat between the outside air and the refrigerant.
- the indoor heat exchangers 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, the compressor 11, the indoor expansion valves 42a, 42b, 42c, 42d, and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 allow the refrigerant to flow therethrough. It is connected by piping.
- the refrigeration cycle is comprised by these.
- the outdoor unit 10 expands the refrigerant after heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 in the cooling main operation or the refrigerant before heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 15 in the heating main operation.
- An expansion valve 15 (second expansion mechanism) is provided. The function of the outdoor expansion valve 15 will be described later.
- the valve shown by the dot pattern is closing.
- the outdoor unit 10 is 1 unit in this embodiment, it is also possible to make it two or more units similarly. Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which four indoor units 40a, 40b, 40c, and 40d are provided is shown, but it is also possible to make the number more or less than four.
- the indoor unit 40a is in a heating operation
- the indoor unit 40b is in a heating high pressure stop
- the indoor unit 40c is in a heating low pressure stop
- the indoor unit 40d is in a cooling operation
- a mixed operation of a heating operation unit and a cooling operation unit is assumed.
- the indoor heat exchangers 41a and 41b are connected to the high pressure side
- the condenser is connected
- the indoor heat exchangers 41c and 41d are connected to the low pressure side to function as an evaporator.
- the outdoor unit 10 is an outdoor unit for simultaneous heating and cooling, and includes a compressor 11, high and low pressure gas pipe side four-way valves 12, a four-way valve 13, an outdoor heat exchanger 14, an outdoor expansion valve 15, and an accumulator 18.
- the accumulator side of the compressor 11 is a low pressure side
- the four-way valve side of the compressor 11 is a high pressure side. The refrigerant is transported by this differential pressure.
- the high and low pressure gas pipe side four-way valve 12 is switched so that the high and low pressure gas main pipe 22 is connected to the high pressure side.
- the outdoor four-way valve 13 has either the high-pressure side or the low-pressure side of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 according to the balance of the indoor cooling load and the heating load, that is, according to the cooling main or heating main. Switch to Briefly, when the cooling load is larger than the heating load, the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is connected to the high pressure side and used as a condenser. This is said to be cooling main.
- FIG. 1 is an example of the cooling main body
- FIG. 4 described later is an example of the heating main body. The balance between the cooling load and the heating load will be described in detail later using FIG.
- the control mechanism 28 includes, although not shown, a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), an interface (I / F), and the like.
- the control mechanism 28 is embodied by the CPU executing a predetermined control program stored in the ROM.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 of the outdoor unit 10 and the indoor heat exchangers 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d of the indoor units 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, respectively, have a liquid main pipe 21, high and low pressure. It is connected by three pipes of the gas main pipe 22 and the low pressure gas main pipe 23. And a refrigerant flows through the inside of this piping.
- a part of the high temperature / high pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is sent to the high / low pressure gas main pipe 22 by the high / low pressure gas pipe side four-way valve 12. Then, they are sent to the heating indoor unit 40a and the heating high pressure stop indoor unit 40b, are condensed by the respective indoor heat exchangers 41a and 41b, become high pressure liquid refrigerant, and are sent to the liquid main pipe 21.
- the remainder of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 passes through the four-way valve 13 and is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 to become high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and is sent to the liquid main pipe 21 to condense the liquid refrigerant condensed in the above-mentioned room It joins and is sent to the cooling indoor unit 40d.
- the pressure is reduced by reducing the pressure by the indoor expansion valve 42d, and is evaporated by the indoor heat exchanger 41d to be a low pressure gas refrigerant, and is sent to the outdoor unit through the low pressure gas main pipe 23. Then, it returns to the compressor 11 through the accumulator 18 and circulates again.
- the refrigerant circulates in the refrigeration cycle to transfer heat. Therefore, when examining the heat balance, the amount of heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 14, the amount of evaporation heat exchange in each indoor unit 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, the amount of condensation heat exchange, or the motive power in the compressor 11. It is preferable to consider each of Here, the heat balance in the air conditioner 100 will be examined with reference to the Mollier diagram regarding the heat balance.
- FIG. 2 is a Mollier diagram showing the balance between the cooling capacity and the heating capacity in the air conditioner 100 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows the horizontal axis as specific enthalpy (kJ / kg) and the vertical axis as pressure (MPa) at each part of the refrigeration cycle.
- the state 1 and 3 parts are uniquely determined by measuring the pressure and temperature
- the state 4 is obtained from the pressure and the specific enthalpy of the state 3
- the state 1 is the pressure and compressor characteristics Or from the pressure and the characteristics of the condenser and the evaporator. Therefore, the Mollier diagram shown in FIG. 2 is useful for estimating the operating state of the air conditioner 100.
- the condenser corresponds to the indoor heat exchangers 41 a and 41 b and the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the evaporators correspond to the indoor heat exchangers 41c and 41d.
- the state 1 to state 2 is the suction to discharge state of the compressor 11
- the state 2 to state 3 is the inlet to outlet state of the evaporator
- the state 4 to state 1 is the inlet of the condenser.
- W state 1 to state 2
- Qcond state 2 to state 3
- Qevap state 4 to state 1
- the equation (1) can be easily understood from the viewpoint of the refrigerant.
- the amount of heat Qcond released by the refrigerant in the condenser means that the sum of the amount of heat Qevap absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator and the compressor power W absorbed by the compressor 14 is obtained.
- the heat balance is broken and, for example, the amount of heat released by the condenser is smaller, the heat is accumulated in the refrigerant, and the pressure and the condensing temperature of the condenser are increased to maintain the heat balance so as to easily dissipate heat.
- Qcond is the sum of the heat release amount ⁇ Qindoorheat in the heating only indoor unit 40a and the heat release amount Qoutdoor in the outdoor heat exchanger 14. Further, Qevap becomes heat absorption amount QQindoorcool in the all-cooling operation indoor unit 40d. Therefore, the equation of heat balance is expanded to Qoutdoor, and is expressed as follows.
- Qoutdoor - ⁇ Qindoorheat + ⁇ Qindoorcool + W formula (2)
- the outdoor expansion valve 15 is provided in the outdoor unit 10 to reduce the refrigerant circulation amount to suppress the heat radiation.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 serves as a condenser as described above. Further, since both the indoor units 40a and 40b are connected to the high pressure side, they become condensers. And what added the heat exchange amount of these condensers becomes Qcond. On the other hand, since the indoor units 41c and 41d are connected to the low pressure side, they can be evaporators. Since the indoor unit 40c is a stop indoor unit, it is general to close the indoor expansion valve 42c, but it can function as an evaporator when the expansion valve is opened transiently, so this heat exchange The sum of the quantities is Qevap.
- the heat exchange amount of the outdoor heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as the outdoor heat exchange amount)
- the heat exchange amount of the indoor heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as the capacity) is defined as Qa to Qd for each indoor unit.
- Qod -Qa-Qb + Qc + Qd + W formula (4) Since the cooling operation is mainly performed, the capacities Qc + Qd of the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d are usually controlled by the number of revolutions of the compressor 11. The power W of the compressor 11 also changes with the operating state of the compressor 11. On the other hand, the capacity of the heating operation indoor units 40a and 40b is adjusted by the outdoor heat exchange amount Qod.
- the amount of outdoor heat exchange Qod can be adjusted by changing the number of rotations of the outdoor fan 19 and changing the air volume.
- the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is throttled to reduce the refrigerant circulation amount flowing to the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and the refrigerant flowing to the indoor units 40a and 40b.
- the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is made equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit (may be fully closed), the refrigerant does not flow, and the heat exchange amount can be suppressed to 0 without limit.
- the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 may be opened again. Conversely, if the heating capacity is insufficient even if the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 reaches the lower limit opening degree, the four-way valve 13 is used to switch the mode from the cooling main body to the heating main body.
- FIG. 3 is a flow at the time of cooling main operation in the air conditioner 100 of the first embodiment.
- the flow shown in FIG. 3 is executed by the control mechanism 28 (calculation control device) shown in FIG. 1 unless otherwise specified.
- the cooling capacity adjustment of the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d which is the main operation, is performed by adjusting the number of rotations of the compressor 11 and controlling the refrigerant circulation amount (step S100). For example, when the cooling capacity is insufficient, the refrigerant circulation amount is increased by increasing the rotational speed of the compressor 11 to increase the cooling capacity.
- heating capability adjustment in heating operation indoor unit 40a, 40b which is a subordinate operation is performed below.
- step S101 it is determined whether the air conditioning capacity of the heating operation indoor units 40a and 40b is excessive with respect to the air conditioning load. If it is determined that the capacity is excessive (Yes direction), it is then determined whether the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is less than or equal to the control target opening degree (step S102). The “No direction at step S101” will be described later.
- step S102 When it is judged as Yes by step S102, the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is enlarged (step S103). As a result, the refrigerant circulation amount in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 increases, and the amount of refrigerant to be heat-exchanged increases, so the heating capacity is suppressed.
- step S104 the motor M is controlled to increase the rotational speed of the outdoor fan rotational speed 19 (step S104). ). Thereby, the heat release amount in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is increased, and the heating capacity is suppressed. And control of the air conditioner 100 is complete
- step S101 it is determined whether the capacity of the heating operation indoor unit 40a, 40b is insufficient (step S105). If the heating capacity is not insufficient, that is, if the heating capacity is neither excessive nor insufficient (No direction), since the heating capacity and the cooling capacity are operated in a well-balanced manner, the control of the air conditioner 100 ends.
- step S105 determines whether the capacity is insufficient (Yes direction).
- step S106 determines whether the number of rotations of the outdoor fan 19 is greater than a predetermined lower limit.
- step S106 determines whether the number of rotations of the outdoor fan 19 is less than or equal to the lower limit (No direction). If it is determined in step S106 that the number of rotations of the outdoor fan 19 is less than or equal to the lower limit (No direction), the amount of heat release can not be suppressed due to the decrease in the number of rotations of the outdoor fan 19 and the heating capacity is increased. Can not. Therefore, next, it is determined whether the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is larger than a predetermined lower limit (step S108). In this determination, when the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is larger than the lower limit (Yes direction), the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is reduced (step S109). Thereby, the outdoor expansion valve 15 reduces the amount of refrigerant circulating in the outdoor heat exchanger 14. That is, the amount of refrigerant heat-exchanged by the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is reduced, and the heating capacity is increased.
- the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is equal to or less than the lower limit (No direction)
- the refrigerant circulation amount by the outdoor expansion valve 15 is at the lower limit. Therefore, the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is already small enough to operate the outdoor expansion valve 15, and the heating capacity can not be increased.
- the four-way valve 13 is switched to switch the operation mode to the main heating (step S110). And control of the air conditioner 100 is complete
- step S100 is performed every predetermined time except for the control to switch the operation mode to the heating main (step S110), and the heat balance between the indoor load and the cooling and heating
- the air conditioner 100 is controlled as follows.
- FIG. 4 is a system diagram during heating main operation of the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the system diagram and the flow in the cooling main operation have been described, so next, the system diagram and the flow in the heating main operation will be described.
- the direction of the four-way valve 13 is the side connecting the outdoor heat exchanger 14 to a low pressure, and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 becomes an evaporator. Therefore, in FIG. 4, the condenser corresponds to the indoor heat exchangers 41c and 41d. The evaporator corresponds to the indoor heat exchangers 41a and 41b and the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- capacity Qa + Qb of heating operation indoor unit 40a, 40b will be controlled by the rotation speed of the compressor 11 normally.
- the power W of the compressor 11 also changes with the operating state of the compressor 11.
- the capacity of the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d is adjusted by the outdoor heat exchange amount Qod.
- the capacities Qc and Qd of the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d have a minus sign, so the capacity of the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d decreases as the outdoor heat exchange amount Qod increases. It can be seen that the capacity of the cooling indoor unit 40c, 40d increases as the heat exchange amount Qod decreases. That is, by adjusting the outdoor heat exchange amount Qod, it is possible to adjust the capabilities of the indoor units 40c and 40d on the cooling side which is the non-main body side.
- the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 may be opened again. Conversely, if the cooling capacity is insufficient even if the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 reaches the lower limit opening degree, the mode is switched from the heating main to the cooling main using the four-way valve 13.
- FIG. 5 is a flow at the time of heating main operation in the air conditioner 100 of the first embodiment.
- the flow shown in FIG. 5 is also executed by the control mechanism 28 shown in FIG. 1 unless otherwise specified.
- the flow in the heating main operation shown in FIG. 5 is basically the same flow as the flow in the cooling main operation shown in FIG. 3 described above, so the difference will be mainly described.
- the heating capacity adjustment in the heating operation indoor units 40a and 40b is performed by adjusting the number of rotations of the compressor 11 and controlling the refrigerant circulation amount as in the cooling main operation (Ste S200). For example, when the heating capacity is insufficient, the refrigerant circulation amount is increased by increasing the number of revolutions of the compressor 11, and the heating capacity is increased. On the other hand, when the heating capacity is excessive, the refrigerant circulation amount is reduced by reducing the rotational speed of the compressor 11 to reduce the heating capacity. Then, the cooling capacity adjustment in the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d, which is a secondary operation, is performed below.
- step S201 it is determined whether the capacity of the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d is excessive with respect to the air conditioning load. If it is determined that the capacity is excessive (Yes direction), the outdoor expansion valve 15 and the outdoor fan 19 are controlled (steps S102 to S104) as in the case of the cooling main operation (see FIG. 3).
- step S201 determines whether or not the capacity of the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d is not excessive (No in step S201). It is determined whether or not it is (step S205). When it is determined that the capacity is insufficient (Yes direction), the outdoor expansion valve 15 and the outdoor fan 19 are controlled (steps S106 to S109) as in the case of the cooling main operation (see FIG. 3).
- the operation mode is switched as in the cooling main operation (see FIG. 3). That is, it switches to the cooling main (step S210).
- the flow shown in FIG. 3 is performed in the cooling main operation, and the flow shown in FIG. 5 is performed in the heating main operation.
- the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 19 is less than or equal to the predetermined opening degree, and the ability of the following operation is achieved despite the fact that the heat exchange amount in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is sufficiently suppressed. If you do not have enough, you can increase your driving ability.
- step S110 or step S210 main operation is changed. And this change is performed, when the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 becomes below in the preset lower limit. Therefore, since the change of the main operation is performed based on the index of "the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15" which can be objectively grasped, the control of the air conditioner 100 can be simply performed.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 in the air conditioner 100, three pipes of a liquid main pipe 21, a high and low pressure gas main pipe 22 and a low pressure gas main pipe 23 are used. Therefore, the flow shown in FIG.3 and FIG.5 can be performed only by attaching the outdoor expansion valve 15 to the outdoor unit 10, and it becomes easy to utilize the existing installation.
- FIG. 6 is a system diagram during cooling main operation of the air conditioner 200 of the second embodiment.
- the air conditioner 200 shown in FIG. 6 is in the cooling main mode, and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is a condenser.
- the numbers of the outdoor units 10 and the indoor units 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d are the same as the air conditioner 100 described above, but the number of pipes connecting them is the high pressure pipe 24 and the low pressure There are only two tubes 25. That is, the liquid main pipe 21 in the air conditioner 100 is omitted because the liquid refrigerant flows together with the gas refrigerant through the high pressure pipe 24 and the low pressure pipe 25 shown in FIG.
- a gas-liquid separator 61 for separating the two-phase refrigerant sent from the outdoor unit 10 to the indoor units 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d into liquid and gas, and the hydraulic pressure after the separation.
- the first pressure reducing mechanism 62 and the second pressure reducing mechanism 63 (both for example, an expansion valve etc.) for adjusting the pressure and the gas pressure are provided.
- the air conditioner 200 is the same as the air conditioner 100 in that the outdoor expansion valve 15 is provided, but in addition to the outdoor expansion valve 15, the refrigerant returned to the outdoor unit 10 is subjected to outdoor heat
- An outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 is provided to bypass without flowing into the exchanger 14.
- the bypass valve 17 is provided in the middle of a bypass pipe provided in the vertical direction although not shown, and only the gas refrigerant of the gas-liquid mixed refrigerant flowing through the pipe disposed on the lower side in the vertical direction It can be bypassed.
- the outdoor expansion valve 15 is fully open, and the outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 is fully closed.
- the high pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is discharged to the four-way valve 13 and supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 14. Then, the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is appropriately condensed by the outdoor fan 19 to become a high-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
- the high-pressure two-phase refrigerant passes through the fully-opened outdoor expansion valve 15 and the check valve 26, and is sent to the gas-liquid separator 61 through the high-pressure pipe 24.
- the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 61 is sent between the first pressure reducing mechanism 62 and the indoor expansion valve 42d of the indoor unit performing the cooling operation.
- the saturated gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 61 is sent to the indoor units 40a and 40b in a heating operation and condensed to be a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the high pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the indoor expansion valves 42a and 42b, and is sent between the first pressure reducing mechanism 62 and the indoor expansion valve 42d.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant sent between the first pressure reducing mechanism 62 and the indoor expansion valve 42d of the indoor unit performing the cooling operation merge.
- the liquid refrigerant joined in this manner is throttled and decompressed by the indoor expansion valve 42d, exchanges heat with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 41d, and evaporates to become a low pressure gas refrigerant.
- the low pressure gas refrigerant is sent to the low pressure pipe 25, passes through the check valve 26 in the outdoor unit 10, returns to the compressor 11, and circulates again.
- the air volume of the outdoor fan 19 may be reduced to suppress heat exchange.
- the outdoor fan 19 is stopped, the heat exchange amount can not be further suppressed.
- the outdoor expansion valve 15 and the outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 are controlled. Specifically, after the outdoor fan 19 is stopped, the outdoor expansion valve 15 is squeezed and the outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 is opened, whereby the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is bypassed. Thereby, the heat release in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is suppressed, and the capacity of the heating operation indoor units 40a and 40b can be secured.
- the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is made equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit (may be fully closed) and the outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 is fully opened, the refrigerant does not flow in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 The heat dissipation can be suppressed to 0 without limit.
- the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is increased again, and the opening degree of the outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 Squeeze. Conversely, if the heating capacity is insufficient even if the degree of opening of the outdoor expansion valve 17 reaches a predetermined lower limit or less (may be fully closed), the four-way valve 13 is used to cool the air as shown in FIG. The operation mode is switched from the main body to the heating main body shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a flow at the time of cooling-dominated operation in the air conditioner 200 of the second embodiment.
- the flow shown in FIG. 7 is also executed by the control mechanism 28 shown in FIG. 6 unless otherwise specified. Further, the flow shown in FIG. 7 is basically the same as the flow (see FIG. 3) when the cooling main operation is being performed by the air conditioner 100 described above. Then, the flow in the air conditioner 200 in the second embodiment will be described focusing on the points different from the flow shown in FIG. 3 described above.
- bypass valve 17 When the air conditioner 200 is operated mainly by cooling, as described above, the outdoor expansion valve 15 is fully open, and the outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 (hereinafter referred to as “bypass valve 17” may be abbreviated). Is completely closed. Then, during the cooling main operation, the adjustment of the cooling capacity, which is the main operation, is performed by controlling the rotational speed of the compressor 11 (step 101). The adjustment of the heating capacity, which is a secondary operation, is performed as follows. That is, when the heating capacity is excessive (Yes in step S101), the outdoor expansion valve 15 and the outdoor fan 19 are controlled to adjust the heating capacity (steps S102 to S104).
- step S105 when the heating capacity is insufficient (Yes in step S105), the outdoor expansion valve 15 and the outdoor fan 19 are controlled in the same manner as the air conditioner 100 described above (see FIG. 3).
- the bypass valve 17 is further controlled in the air conditioner 200 shown in (step S309). Specifically, when the capacity of the heating operation indoor units 40a and 40b is insufficient (Yes direction in step S105) and the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 15 is larger than the lower limit (Yes direction in step S108) Control is performed to reduce the opening degree of the expansion valve 15 and to increase the opening degree of the bypass valve 17 (step S309).
- the bypass valve 17 By opening the bypass valve 17, the amount of refrigerant circulating in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is reduced, and the amount of refrigerant to be heat-exchanged is reduced. Therefore, the heat release from the refrigerant by the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is suppressed, whereby the heating operation capacity can be restored.
- FIG. 8 is a system diagram during heating main operation of the air conditioner 200 of the second embodiment.
- the system diagram and the flow in the cooling main operation have been described, so next, the system diagram and the flow in the heating main operation will be described.
- the direction of the four-way valve 13 is the side connecting the outdoor heat exchanger 14 to a low pressure, and the outdoor heat exchanger becomes an evaporator. . Therefore, in FIG. 6, the condenser corresponds to the indoor heat exchangers 41c and 41d. The evaporator corresponds to the indoor heat exchangers 41a and 41b and the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the flow of the refrigerant in the air conditioner 200 during the heating main operation will be described below. As described above, in the air conditioner 200, the outdoor expansion valve 15 is fully open and the outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 is fully closed.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is discharged to the four-way valve 13, and is sent to the gas-liquid separator 61 through the check valve 26 and the high pressure pipe 24.
- the high pressure gas refrigerant separated here is sent to the heating operation indoor units 40a and 40b and condensed to be a high pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the high pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the indoor expansion valves 42a and 42b, and is sent between the first pressure reducing mechanism 62 and the indoor expansion valve 42d.
- the partial liquid refrigerant thus sent is squeezed and decompressed by the indoor expansion valve 42 d, and is evaporated by heat exchange with indoor air by the indoor heat exchanger 41 d to be a low pressure gas refrigerant.
- the low pressure gas refrigerant is sent to the low pressure pipe 25.
- the remaining liquid refrigerant passes through the second pressure reducing mechanism 63 and joins with the low pressure gas refrigerant sent to the low pressure pipe 25 to form a gas-liquid two-phase flow.
- the gas-liquid two-phase flow passes through the low pressure pipe 25 and is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 14 via the check valve 26. And it is evaporated by heat exchange with the outdoor air, and becomes a low pressure gas refrigerant.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant is returned to the compressor 11 through the four-way valve 13 and circulated again.
- the air volume of the outdoor fan 19 may be reduced to suppress heat exchange.
- the cooling capacity can be increased by squeezing the second decompression mechanism 63.
- the second pressure reducing mechanism 63 may be fully closed. However, in this case, only the gas refrigerant flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 14. When the mass flow rate of the gas refrigerant is the same, the volumetric flow rate is larger and the flow velocity is faster than the liquid refrigerant. When the flow velocity is high, the flow resistance in the low pressure pipe 25 is simply in proportion to the square of the flow velocity, so the pressure loss increases and the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle decreases.
- the outdoor expansion valve The outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 is also opened while 15 is open. As a result, a part of the gas refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is bypassed, the gas flow rate in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be reduced, and the pressure loss can be reduced.
- the outdoor heat exchanger bypass valve 17 is throttled again.
- the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant are supplied again to the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the four-way valve 13 is used, as shown in FIG. The operation mode is switched from the heating main unit to the cooling main unit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a flow at the time of heating main operation in the air conditioner 200 of the second embodiment.
- the flow shown in FIG. 9 is also executed by the control mechanism 28 shown in FIG. 6 unless otherwise specified.
- the flow during heating main operation shown in FIG. 9 is basically the same flow as the flow during heating main operation of the air conditioner 100 described above (see FIG. 5), so the difference from the flow shown in FIG. Mainly.
- Step 201 adjustment of the heating capacity which is main operation is performed by adjusting the number of rotations of compressor 11 (Step 201). Further, adjustment of the cooling capacity, which is a secondary operation, is performed as follows. That is, when the cooling capacity is excessive (Yes in step S201), the outdoor expansion valve 15 and the outdoor fan 19 are controlled to adjust the cooling capacity (steps S102 to S104).
- step S205 when the cooling capacity is insufficient (Yes in step S205), the outdoor fan 19 is controlled in the same manner as the air conditioner 100 described above (see FIG. 3), but the air conditioner shown in FIG. At 200, in addition to this, the second pressure reducing mechanism 63 and the bypass valve 17 are further controlled. Specifically, first, when the capacities of the cooling operation indoor units 40c and 40d are insufficient (Yes in step S205) and the number of rotations of the outdoor fan 19 is larger than the lower limit (No in step S106), the second It is determined whether the opening degree of the pressure reducing mechanism 63 is larger than the lower limit (step S408).
- the second pressure reducing mechanism 63 When the opening degree of the second pressure reducing mechanism 63 is larger than the lower limit (Yes direction), the second pressure reducing mechanism 63 is throttled (step S409). As a result, the amount of refrigerant supplied to the cooling operation indoor unit 40d increases, and the cooling capacity can be restored. On the contrary, when the opening degree of the second decompression mechanism 63 is below the lower limit (No direction), the second decompression mechanism 63 can not be narrowed any more, so the four-way valve 13 is switched and the operation mode is heating The main subject is changed to the cooling main subject (step S410).
- the flow shown in FIG. 7 is performed in the cooling main operation, and the flow shown in FIG. 9 is performed in the heating main operation. Therefore, as in the case of the air conditioner 100 described above, the air conditioner 200 can perform air conditioning stably regardless of the state outside the room.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
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CN201780024214.4A CN109073264B (zh) | 2016-04-19 | 2017-02-28 | 空气调节装置 |
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JP2016083665A JP6723640B2 (ja) | 2016-04-19 | 2016-04-19 | 空気調和機 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP4227605A1 (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-08-16 | Daikin Europe N.V. | Refrigeration device |
WO2024201778A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-10-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
Families Citing this family (3)
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KR102266359B1 (ko) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-06-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉난방 동시형 공기조화시스템의 제어방법 및 이를 이용한 냉난방 동시형 공기조화시스템 |
CN114211929B (zh) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-11-28 | 三一重机有限公司 | 空调控制方法、空调控制系统及作业机械 |
JP2025118552A (ja) * | 2024-01-31 | 2025-08-13 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 換気装置 |
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JP2006343052A (ja) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-21 | Hitachi Ltd | 冷暖同時マルチ空気調和機 |
EP2363664B1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2016-05-04 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Heat-pump system |
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JP2531256B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-17 | 1996-09-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
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WO2023152110A1 (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-08-17 | Daikin Europe N.V. | Refrigeration device |
WO2024201778A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-10-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
Also Published As
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CN109073264B (zh) | 2021-09-21 |
CN109073264A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
JP2017194202A (ja) | 2017-10-26 |
JP6723640B2 (ja) | 2020-07-15 |
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