WO2017175632A1 - 布帛および多層構造布帛および繊維製品 - Google Patents
布帛および多層構造布帛および繊維製品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017175632A1 WO2017175632A1 PCT/JP2017/012808 JP2017012808W WO2017175632A1 WO 2017175632 A1 WO2017175632 A1 WO 2017175632A1 JP 2017012808 W JP2017012808 W JP 2017012808W WO 2017175632 A1 WO2017175632 A1 WO 2017175632A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
- A41D31/102—Waterproof and breathable
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/002—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
- A62B17/04—Hoods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
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- B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
- B32B5/142—Variation across the area of the layer
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/027—Thermal properties
- B32B7/028—Heat-shrinkability
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
- D03D13/004—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft with weave pattern being non-standard or providing special effects
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
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- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/567—Shapes or effects upon shrinkage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
- A41D31/085—Heat resistant; Fire retardant using layered materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
- B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
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- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
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- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
- D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fabric having a flame retardancy and a heat shielding property, a multilayer structure fabric, and a textile product that exhibit an uneven structure when exposed to a flame or heat.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a multi-layered fabric in which the outermost layer has a flame retardant / heat shielding function, the intermediate layer has a moisture permeable waterproof function, and the innermost layer has a heat shielding function.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a fabric having a double woven structure.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a flame-retardant and heat-insulating fabric, a multilayer structure fabric, and a textile product that exhibit an uneven structure when exposed to a flame or heat. Is to provide.
- the inventors of the present invention have constructed a fabric by skillfully using two types of yarns having different heat shrinkage rates so that the uneven structure is exposed when exposed to flame or heat. As a result, it was found that a fabric having flame retardancy and heat shielding properties can be obtained, and the present invention was completed by further intensive studies.
- the afterflame time is 2.0 seconds or less in the combustion measurement defined in JIS L1091-1992 A-4 method (12-second heating method).
- the yarn A having a high thermal shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a low thermal shrinkage rate are alternately arranged at intervals of 2 to 100 mm in the warp direction or the weft direction.
- the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate and / or the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate are preferably spun yarns or filaments.
- the difference HAB in the dry heat shrinkage rate between the yarn A having a large heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a small heat shrinkage rate is preferably 10% or more.
- the yarn A having a large heat shrinkage rate and / or the yarn B having a small heat shrinkage rate include a meta-aramid fiber and / or a para-aramid fiber.
- the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate contains 50% by weight or more of meta-aramid fibers
- the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate contains 50% by weight or more of para-aramid fibers.
- the thickness difference D (following formula) when performing a dry heat treatment at 300 ° C. for 5 minutes is 1.3 mm or more.
- Thickness difference D (fabric thickness after treatment d2) ⁇ (fabric thickness before treatment d1)
- a concavo-convex structure continuous in a stripe shape in the warp direction or the weft direction is expressed by performing a dry heat treatment at a temperature of 300 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the moisture-permeable waterproof film is laminated
- a multilayer structure fabric in which the above-mentioned fabric is arranged in an intermediate layer, and an outermost layer and an innermost layer are laminated on the intermediate layer.
- the heat shielding property ISO17492 is 3 seconds or more in TPP TIME.
- a textile product is provided.
- the present invention it is possible to obtain a fabric having a flame retardancy and a heat shielding property, and a multilayer fabric and a fiber product that exhibit an uneven structure when exposed to a flame or heat.
- a yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate hereinafter sometimes referred to as “yarn A”
- a yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate hereinafter referred to as “yarn B”.
- the yarn A having a large heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a small heat shrinkage rate are alternately arranged in a plurality, alternately in one, or alternately in a plurality of and one.
- the yarn A having a high thermal shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a low thermal shrinkage rate are alternately switched at regular intervals.
- the switching interval is preferably 2 to 100 mm (more preferably 4 to 60 mm, still more preferably 6 to 50 mm). That is, it is preferable that the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate are alternately arranged at each interval.
- the switching interval exceeds 100 mm or less than 2 mm, the uneven structure may not be developed when the fabric is exposed to flame or heat.
- the “heat shrinkage rate” as used in the present invention is the shrinkage rate of the yarn length before and after heat treatment when dry heat treatment is performed at 450 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the difference HAB in dry heat shrinkage between the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage and the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage is preferably 10% or more (preferably 15% or more, more preferably 17 to 40%). .
- the difference HAB of the dry heat shrinkage rate is smaller than 10%, the uneven structure may not be exhibited when the fabric is exposed to flame or heat.
- the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate preferably both contain aramid fibers (fully aromatic polyamide fibers) in terms of flame retardancy, and both aramid fibers (fully aromatic polyamide fibers). It is more preferable that it consists only of fiber).
- the yarn A having a high thermal contraction rate contains 50 to 98% by weight of meta-aramid fibers and 2 to 50% by weight of para-aramid fibers.
- the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate may contain 50 to 100% by weight of para-aramid fibers (more preferably 80 to 100% by weight of para-aramid fibers) and 0 to 50% by weight of meta-aramid fibers. preferable.
- Meta-aramid fibers usually have characteristics of high heat resistance and high heat shrinkage.
- para-aramid fibers usually have characteristics such as high heat resistance, low heat shrinkage, and high strength.
- the meta-aramid fiber constituting the yarn A is larger than 98% by weight, the strength is low when the yarn B is pulled during exposure to a high heat flame, and it may be cut and the uneven structure may not be formed.
- the amount is less than 50% by weight, the shrinkage rate is low, and there is a possibility that the uneven structure is not formed.
- the para-aramid fiber constituting the yarn B is smaller than 50% by weight, when pulled by the yarn A at the time of exposure to high heat flame, the strength is insufficient and there is a possibility that the concavo-convex structure does not appear due to cutting.
- the meta-aramid fiber is a fiber made of a polymer in which 85 mol% or more of the repeating unit is m-phenylene isophthalamide.
- a meta-aramid (fully aromatic polyamide) may be a copolymer containing the third component within a range of less than 15 mol%.
- Such meta-aramid (fully aromatic polyamide) can be produced by a conventionally known interfacial polymerization method, and the degree of polymerization of the polymer is N-methyl-2-concentration of 0.5 g / 100 ml.
- Those having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) measured with a pyrrolidone solution in the range of 1.3 to 1.9 dl / g are preferably used.
- the meta-aramid may contain an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid onium salt.
- alkylbenzene sulfonate examples include tetrabutyl phosphonium salt of hexyl benzene sulfonate, tributyl benzyl phosphonium salt of hexyl benzene sulfonate, tetraphenyl phosphonium salt of dodecyl benzene sulfonate, tributyl tetradecyl phosphonate of dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
- Preferred examples include compounds such as a nium salt, tetrabutylphosphonium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and tributylbenzylammonium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
- tetrabutylphosphonium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonate or tributylbenzylammonium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonate is particularly easy to obtain and has good thermal stability and high solubility in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- tributylbenzylammonium salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonate is particularly easy to obtain and has good thermal stability and high solubility in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- the content of the onium salt of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is 2.5 mol% or more (preferably 3.0 to 7.0 mol) with respect to poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide in order to obtain a sufficient dyeing effect. %) Is preferred.
- poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide As a method of mixing poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide and alkylbenzene sulfonic acid onium salt, poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide is mixed and dissolved in a solvent, and alkylbenzene sulfonic acid onium salt is dissolved in the solvent. Any of these may be used.
- the dope thus obtained is formed into fibers by a conventionally known method.
- the polymer used for the meta-aramid fiber is mainly composed of a repeating structure in an aromatic polyamide skeleton containing a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (1) for the purpose of improving dyeability and resistance to discoloration. It is also possible to copolymerize an aromatic diamine component or aromatic dicarboxylic acid halide component different from the unit so as to be 1 to 10 mol% based on the total amount of the repeating structural units of the aromatic polyamide as the third component.
- Ar1 is a divalent aromatic group having a bonding group other than the meta-coordination or parallel axis direction.
- aromatic diamine represented by the formulas (2) and (3) include, for example, p-phenylenediamine, chlorophenylenediamine, methylphenylenediamine, Examples include acetylphenylenediamine, aminoanisidine, benzidine, bis (aminophenyl) ether, bis (aminophenyl) sulfone, diaminobenzanilide, diaminoazobenzene, and the like.
- aromatic dicarboxylic acid dichloride represented by the formulas (4) and (5) include, for example, terephthalic acid chloride, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid chloride, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid chloride, 4,4 Examples include '-biphenyldicarboxylic acid chloride, 5-chloroisophthalic acid chloride, 5-methoxyisophthalic acid chloride, bis (chlorocarbonylphenyl) ether, and the like.
- Ar2 is a divalent aromatic group different from Ar1
- Ar3 is a divalent aromatic group different from Ar1
- Y is at least one atom selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and an alkylene group Or it is a functional group and X represents a halogen atom.
- the crystallinity of the meta-aramid fiber is 5 to 35% in that the dye exhaustion is good and it is easy to adjust to the target color even with less dye or weak dyeing conditions. preferable. Further, it is more preferably 15 to 25% in that the surface uneven distribution of the dye hardly occurs, the discoloration resistance is high, and the dimensional stability necessary for practical use can be secured.
- the residual solvent amount of the meta-aramid fiber is 0.1% by weight or less in that the excellent flame retardancy performance of the meta-aramid fiber is not impaired and the surface uneven distribution of the dye hardly occurs and the discoloration resistance is high. Preferably there is.
- the meta-aramid fiber can be produced by the following method, and the crystallinity and the amount of residual solvent can be controlled within the above ranges by the method described below.
- the polymerization method of the meta-aramid (fully aromatic polyamide) polymer is not particularly limited.
- a polymerization method or an interfacial polymerization method may be used.
- the spinning solution is not particularly limited, but an amide solvent solution containing an aromatic copolyamide polymer obtained by the above solution polymerization or interfacial polymerization may be used, or the polymer may be removed from the polymerization solution. You may use what was isolated and melt
- amide solvent examples include N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide and the like, and in particular, N, N-dimethylacetamide. Is preferred.
- the copolymerized aromatic polyamide polymer solution obtained as described above is preferably stabilized by containing an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt, and can be used at a higher concentration and lower temperature.
- the alkali metal salt and alkaline earth metal salt are 1% by weight or less (more preferably 0.1% by weight or less) based on the total weight of the polymer solution.
- the spinning solution (meta-aramid polymer solution) obtained above is spun into a coagulating solution and coagulated.
- the spinning apparatus is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known wet spinning apparatus can be used.
- the number of spinning holes, the arrangement state, the hole shape, etc. of the spinneret need not be particularly limited as long as they can be stably wet-spun.
- the number of holes is 1,000 to 30,000, and the spinning hole diameter is 0.05.
- a multi-hole spinneret for staple fibers (short fibers) of up to 0.2 mm may be used.
- the temperature of the spinning solution (meta-aramid polymer solution) when spinning from the spinneret is suitably in the range of 20 to 90 ° C.
- an amide solvent preferably an aqueous solution containing 45 to 60% by mass of NMP, which is substantially free of inorganic salts, is used at a bath temperature of 10 to 50 ° C. Use. If the concentration of the amide solvent (preferably NMP) is less than 45% by mass, the skin has a thick structure, and the cleaning efficiency in the cleaning process may be reduced, making it difficult to reduce the amount of residual solvent in the fiber. . On the other hand, when the concentration of the amide solvent (preferably NMP) exceeds 60% by mass, uniform coagulation cannot be performed up to the inside of the fiber, and therefore, the residual solvent amount of the fiber can be reduced. May become difficult.
- the fiber immersion time in the coagulation bath is suitably in the range of 0.1 to 30 seconds.
- an amide solvent preferably an aqueous solution having a concentration of NMP of 45 to 60% by mass
- a plastic stretching bath in which the temperature of the bath liquid is in the range of 10 to 50 ° C., at a stretching ratio of 3 to 4 times. Stretching is performed. After stretching, the film is thoroughly washed through an aqueous solution having an NMP concentration of 20 to 40% by mass at 10 to 30 ° C., followed by a hot water bath at 50 to 70 ° C.
- the washed fibers can be subjected to a dry heat treatment at a temperature of 270 to 290 ° C. to obtain meta-aramid fibers that satisfy the above-mentioned ranges of crystallinity and residual solvent amount.
- the form of the fiber may be long fiber (multifilament) or short fiber.
- short fibers having a fiber length of 25 to 200 mm are preferable in blending with other fibers.
- the single fiber fineness is preferably in the range of 1 to 5 dtex.
- meta-aramid fibers examples include Conex (trade name), Conex (trade name) Neo, and Nomex (trade name).
- the para-aramid fiber is a fiber made of polyamide having an aromatic ring in the main chain, and may be poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPTA) or a copolymer type copolyparaphenylene-3,4 '. It may be oxydiphenylene terephthalamide (PPODPA).
- PPTA poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide
- PPODPA oxydiphenylene terephthalamide
- Examples of commercially available para-aramid fibers include Technora (trade name), Kevlar (trade name), Twaron (trade name), and the like.
- the fibers that can be used in combination with para-aramid fibers and meta-aramid fibers include polybenzimidazole fibers, polyimide fibers, polyamideimide fibers, polyetherimide fibers, polyarylate fibers, polyparaphenylenebenzobisoxazole fibers, and novoloid fibers.
- the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate may be spun yarn (short fiber) or filament (long fiber). At this time, it is preferable to use air jet spinning or ring spinning as the spinning technique.
- the basis weight is preferably 300 g / m 2 or less (more preferably 50 to 300 g / m 2 ). If the basis weight is larger than 300 g / m 2 , the uneven structure may not be expressed by its own weight.
- the fabric structure is not limited, and may be a woven fabric or a knitted fabric such as a warp knitted fabric or a circular knitted fabric (weft knitted fabric). Of these, a woven fabric is preferable.
- the woven fabric preferably has a plain weave structure. In the twill weave structure, the basis weight increases, and the expression of the uneven structure may be hindered by its own weight.
- Both the warp and weft yarns may be single yarns or double yarns. In particular, it is preferable that one of the warp direction yarn and the weft direction yarn is a double yarn and the other is a single yarn because strength can be maintained while the basis weight is reduced.
- the fabric of the present invention is a woven fabric
- only one of the warp and the weft constituting the woven fabric includes a yarn A having a high thermal shrinkage rate and a yarn B having a low thermal shrinkage rate. It is preferable that they are alternately arranged at regular intervals because a larger uneven structure is expressed than when a yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate and a yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate are provided for both warp and weft yarns.
- the method for producing the fabric is not particularly limited, and knitting can be performed by a conventional method using two or more (preferably 2 to 4, particularly preferably 2) yarns having different heat shrinkage rates.
- preferred looms include a shuttle loom, a rapier loom, an air jet loom and the like.
- the knitting machine include a tricot knitting machine and a circular knitting machine.
- the afterflame time is preferably 2.0 seconds or less in the combustion measurement specified in JIS L1091-1992 A-4 method (12-second heating method).
- the yarn A having a large heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a small heat shrinkage rate are alternately arranged (switched at a constant interval) in the warp direction or the weft direction, and therefore exposed by flame or heat.
- both the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate contain an aramid fiber because flame retardancy is improved.
- both the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate are made of only aramid fibers, because excellent flame retardancy is obtained.
- the thickness difference D represented by the following formula is preferably 1.3 mm or more (preferably 1.5 to 5.0 mm, more preferably 2.0 to 5.0 mm).
- the thickness said by this invention shows the sum of dough thickness and the air layer which expanded after the dry heat processing.
- Dough thickness difference D (thickness d2 after dry heat treatment) ⁇ (thickness d1 before dry heat treatment)
- the thickness difference D (the following formula) before / after 80 kw / m 2 flame and heat exposure specified in ISO17492 to the fabric is 0.1 mm or more (more preferably 1.3 mm to 5.0 mm, particularly preferably 2.0 to 5.0 mm) is preferable.
- the thickness said by this invention shows the sum of cloth thickness and the air layer which expanded after exposure. When measuring the thickness, a circular load having a diameter of 35 mm is used, and a pressure of 7 g / cm 2 is applied.
- Dough thickness difference D (thickness after exposure to flame and heat)-(thickness before exposure to flame and heat)
- the fabric of the present invention has a moisture permeable waterproof film laminated on one side of the fabric, not only the moisture permeable waterproof effect is added to the fabric, but also a larger concavo-convex structure is manifested when exposed to flame or heat. It is preferable.
- the said moisture-permeable waterproof membrane consists of a fluorine-type film, a polyurethane film, a polyethylene film, or a polyester film.
- a lamination process on one side of the fabric is preferable.
- the multilayer structure fabric of the present invention has a multilayer structure in which the above-mentioned fabric is arranged in an intermediate layer, an outermost layer is laminated on one surface of the intermediate layer, and an innermost layer is laminated on the other surface of the intermediate layer. It is a fabric.
- the outermost layer is made of a fabric made of meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers.
- a fabric made of meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers As the type of the fabric, a woven or knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric is used, but a woven fabric is preferable in terms of strength.
- the meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers can be used in the form of filaments, blended yarns, spun yarns, etc., but those that are blended and used in the form of spun yarns are preferred.
- the mixing ratio of the para-aramid fibers is preferably 1 to 70% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fibers constituting the outermost layer.
- the mixing ratio of the para-aramid fiber is less than 1% by weight, the fabric may be destroyed, that is, a hole may be formed when exposed to a flame. Moreover, when it exceeds 70 weight%, there exists a possibility that para-aramid fiber may fibrillate and abrasion resistance may fall.
- the heat-shielding layer is composed of spun yarn or filament composed of only 99 to 50% by weight of meta-aramid fiber and 1 to 50% by weight of para-aramid fiber, or meta-aramid fiber and para-aramid fiber.
- a fabric is preferred.
- the fabric can be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric.
- a structure in which unevenness is expressed during weaving or dyeing is preferable in order to reduce an area where the fabric directly touches the skin.
- a moisture permeable waterproof membrane is laminated on one side of the fabric disposed in the intermediate layer.
- the said moisture-permeable waterproof membrane consists of a fluorine-type film, a polyurethane film, a polyethylene film, or a polyester film.
- a lamination process on one side of the fabric is preferable.
- the exposed fabric develops a concavo-convex structure due to flame and heat exposure, thereby improving the heat shielding property.
- the yarn A having a high heat shrinkage rate and the yarn B having a low heat shrinkage rate contain aramid fibers, flame retardancy is also improved.
- the fabric (intermediate layer) at the exposed portion develops a concavo-convex structure, and the concavo-convex structure is warp direction or weft direction (preferably warp direction). And only one of the horizontal direction and the weft direction).
- the heat shielding property (ISO17492) is 3 seconds or more in TPP TIME.
- the textile product of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of protective clothing, fire fighting clothing, fire fighting clothing, rescue clothing, work wear, police uniform, and self-defense clothing using the fabric or multilayer fabric.
- One of the textile products Since such a textile product uses the above-mentioned fabric or multilayer structure fabric, when it is exposed to a flame or heat, it has a concavo-convex structure and has flame retardancy and heat shielding properties.
- polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (trade name: Conex, manufactured by Teijin Ltd.) and coparaphenylene-3, 4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (trade name: Technora, manufactured by Teijin Limited) are used as the outermost layers.
- a woven fabric (weight per unit: 240 g / m 2 ) woven into a 2/1 twill using a spun yarn (count: 40/2) made of heat-resistant fibers mixed in a weight ratio of 90:10 .
- Weight of polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (trade name: Conex, manufactured by Teijin Ltd.) and coparaphenylene-3,4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (trade name: Technora, manufactured by Teijin Limited) for the heat shielding layer
- a spun yarn (count: 40/2) composed of heat-resistant fibers mixed at a ratio of 95: 5 was woven as a waffle structure, and a fabric having a basis weight of 150 g / m 2 was used.
- the warp direction yarn and the weft direction yarn A, the spun yarn No. 40 / twist yarn consisting only of PA as the weft direction yarn B, and the weft direction yarn A and the weft direction yarn B are exchanged in a cycle of 20 mm,
- a woven fabric (plain weave structure) having a basis weight of 70 g / m 2 was woven using a rapier loom. Thereafter, refining was carried out in a conventional manner, and after the meta-aramid fiber was dyed, it was heat-set to obtain a fabric.
- the dry heat shrinkage of the MA / PA spun yarn was 30%
- the PA spun yarn was 0%
- the HAB was 30%.
- the warp and weft A are spun yarns consisting only of PA 40 / twisted weft B, and weft A and weft B are exchanged at a period of 10 mm, and weaving a 70 g / m 2 fabric (plain weave) with a rapier loom. did. Thereafter, refining was carried out in a conventional manner, and after the meta-aramid fiber was dyed, it was heat-set to obtain a fabric.
- the dry heat shrinkage of the MA / PA spun yarn was 30%, the PA spun yarn was 0%, and the HAB was 30%.
- the obtained fabric was subjected to a dry heat treatment at 300 ° C. for 5 minutes, an uneven structure was developed in the weft direction, and the thickness difference was 2.0 mm. Moreover, the afterflame time was 1.0 second.
- the heat shielding property was 3.5 seconds and the heat protection property was good.
- the warp direction yarn and the weft direction yarn A, the spun yarn No. 40 / twist yarn consisting only of PA as the weft direction yarn B, and the weft direction yarn A and the weft direction yarn B are exchanged in a cycle of 20 mm,
- a woven fabric (plain weave structure) having a basis weight of 70 g / m 2 was woven using a rapier loom. Thereafter, refining was carried out in a conventional manner, and after the meta-aramid fiber was dyed, it was heat-set to obtain a fabric.
- the dry heat shrinkage of the MA / PA spun yarn was 30%
- the PA spun yarn was 0%
- the HAB was 30%.
- the warp and weft A are spun yarns consisting only of PA 40 / twisted weft B, and weft A and weft B are exchanged at a period of 10 mm, and weaving a 70 g / m 2 fabric (plain weave) with a rapier loom. did. Thereafter, refining was carried out in a conventional manner, and after the meta-aramid fiber was dyed, it was heat-set to obtain a fabric.
- the dry heat shrinkage of the MA / PA spun yarn was 30%, the PA spun yarn was 0%, and the HAB was 30%.
- the obtained fabric was subjected to a dry heat treatment at a temperature of 300 ° C. for 5 minutes, an uneven structure was developed in the weft direction, and the thickness difference was 2.5 mm. Moreover, the afterflame time was 1.0 second.
- the heat shielding property was 3.5 seconds and the heat protection property was good.
- Count / twist yarn is warp A and weft A
- spun yarn 40 consisting only of PA / twist yarn is warp B
- weft B, weft A and weft B are switched at a cycle of 20 mm
- warp A is at a cycle of 20 mm
- the warp B was replaced, and a woven fabric (plain weave structure) with a basis weight of 70 g / m 2 was woven, and a fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that.
- the dry heat shrinkage of the MA / PA spun yarn was 30%.
- the fabric was subjected to a dry heat treatment at a temperature of 300 ° C. for 5 minutes, no uneven structure was developed.
- the heat shielding property was 2.0 seconds and the thermal protection property was insufficient.
- a moisture permeable and waterproof film made of polytetrafluoroethylene (manufactured by Japan Gore-Tex Co., Ltd., basis weight 35 g / m 2 ) was laminated on one side of the obtained fabric.
- the fabric was subjected to a dry heat treatment at a temperature of 300 ° C. for 5 minutes, no uneven structure was developed.
- the heat shielding property was 2.0 seconds and the thermal protection property was insufficient.
- the fabric and multilayer structure fabric and textiles which have a flame retardance and a heat-shielding property which express an uneven structure when exposed by a flame or heat are provided, and the industrial value is extremely large. is there.
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Abstract
Description
乾熱収縮率(%)=((試験前の長さ(mm)―試験後の長さ(mm))/(試験前の長さ(mm))×100
熱収縮率差HAB(%)=(糸Aの乾熱収縮率(%))―(糸Bの乾熱収縮率(%))
また、前記の熱収縮率が大きい糸Aおよび/または熱収縮率が小さい糸Bが、メタ系アラミド繊維および/またはパラ系アラミド繊維を含むことが好ましい。また、前記の熱収縮率が大きい糸Aがメタ系アラミド繊維を50重量%以上含み、かつ熱収縮率が小さい糸Bがパラ系アラミド繊維を50重量%以上含むことが好ましい。また、300℃、5分間の乾熱処理を施したときの厚み差D(下記式)が1.3mm以上であることが好ましい。
厚み差D=(処理後の生地厚みd2)―(処理前の生地厚みd1)
また、温度300℃、5分間の乾熱処理を施すことにより、経方向または緯方向にストライプ状に連続している凹凸構造を発現することが好ましい。また、布帛の片面に透湿防水膜が積層されていることが好ましい。その際、前記の透湿防水膜が、フッ素系フィルムまたはポリウレタンフィルムまたはポリエチレンフィルムまたはポリエステルフィルムからなることが好ましい。
乾熱収縮率(%)=((試験前の長さ(mm)―試験後の長さ(mm))/(試験前の長さ(mm))×100
熱収縮率差HAB(%)=(糸Aの乾熱収縮率(%))―(糸Bの乾熱収縮率(%))
前記の熱収縮率が大きい糸Aと熱収縮率が小さい糸Bとしては、難燃性の点でともにアラミド繊維(全芳香族ポリアミド繊維)を含むことが好ましく、ともにアラミド繊維(全芳香族ポリアミド繊維)のみからなることがより好ましい。特に、熱収縮率が大きい糸Aが、メタ系アラミド繊維を50~98重量%、パラ系アラミド繊維を2~50重量%含むことが好ましい。また、熱収縮率が小さい糸Bが、パラ系アラミド繊維を50~100重量%(より好ましくはパラ系アラミド繊維を80~100重量%)、メタ系アラミド繊維を0~50重量%含むことが好ましい。
ここで、Ar1はメタ配位または平行軸方向以外に結合基を有する2価の芳香族基である。
H2N-Ar2-Y-Ar2-NH2 ・・・式(3)
XOC-Ar3-COX ・・・式(4)
XOC-Ar3-Y-Ar3-COX ・・・式(5)
ここで、Ar2はAr1とは異なる2価の芳香族基、Ar3はAr1とは異なる2価の芳香族基、Yは酸素原子、硫黄原子、アルキレン基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の原子又は官能基であり、Xはハロゲン原子を表す。
生地厚み差D=(乾熱処理後の厚みd2)―(乾熱処理前の厚みd1)
また、布帛へのISO17492に規定される80kw/m2の火炎および熱暴露前/後の厚み差D(下記式)が0.1mm以上(より好ましくは1.3mm~5.0mm、特に好ましくは2.0~5.0mm)であることが好ましい。なお、本発明でいう厚みは、生地厚みと曝露後に膨らんだ空気層の和を示す。厚みを測定する際は、直径35mmの円形状の荷重を使用し、7g/cm2の圧力を加えるものとする。
生地厚み差D=(火炎および熱暴露後の厚み)―(火炎および熱暴露前の厚み)
本発明の布帛には布帛の片面に透湿防水膜が積層されていると、布帛に透湿防水効果が付加されるだけでなく、火炎または熱によって曝露された際、より大きな凹凸構造が発現し好ましい。その際、前記の透湿防水膜が、フッ素系フィルムまたはポリウレタンフィルムまたはポリエチレンフィルムまたはポリエステルフィルムからなることが好ましい。布帛との接着方法としては布帛片面へのラミネート加工が好ましい。
(1)乾熱収縮率
布帛から抜き出した糸10mmを450℃の電気炉に5分間入れ、下記式により乾熱収縮率を算出した。
乾熱収縮率(%)=((試験前の長さ(mm)―試験後の長さ(mm))/(試験前の長さ(mm))×100
(2)膨らみの測定
15cm×15cmの大きさにカットしたサンプルを、温度300℃の電気炉の中に5分間入れ、発現した凹凸構造の膨らみ度合い(生地厚み差D)を測定した。厚みを測定する際は、直径35mmの円形状の荷重を使用し、7g/cm2の圧を加えた。
生地厚み差D=(乾熱処理後の厚みd2)―(乾熱処理前の厚みd1)
(3)残炎時間
JIS L1091-1992 A-4法(12秒加熱法)に規定される燃焼測定で残炎時間を測定した。
(4)遮熱性
最外層・中間層・遮熱層を積層し、最外層側に、80kw/m2(ISO17492規定)曝露した。この際、布帛にセンサーを載せた。曝露後のTPP TIME(秒)を測定した。
メタ系アラミド繊維(MA)、パラ系アラミド繊維(PA)の各ステープルファイバー(いずれも繊維長は51mm)からなるMA/PA=95/5の重量比率で混紡した紡績糸40番手/双糸を経方向の糸、および緯方向の糸Aとし、PAのみからなる紡績糸40番手/双糸を緯方向の糸Bとし、20mm周期で緯方向の糸Aと緯方向の糸Bとを入れ替え、レピア織機で目付け70g/m2の織物(平織組織)を製織した。その後、常法の精錬を行い、メタ系アラミド繊維を染色した後に熱セットし、布帛を得た。
メタ系アラミド繊維(MA)、パラ系アラミド繊維(PA)の各ステープルファイバー(いずれも繊維長は51mm)からなるMA/PA=95/5の重量比率で混紡した紡績糸40番手/双糸を経糸、および緯糸Aとし、PAのみからなる紡績糸40番手/双糸を緯糸Bとし、10mm周期で緯糸Aと緯糸Bとを入れ替え、レピア織機で70g/m2の織物(平織組織)を製織した。その後、常法の精錬を行い、メタ系アラミド繊維を染色した後に熱セットし、布帛を得た。
メタ系アラミド繊維(MA)、パラ系アラミド繊維(PA)の各ステープルファイバー(いずれも繊維長は51mm)からなるMA/PA=95/5の重量比率で混紡した紡績糸40番手/双糸を経方向の糸、および緯方向の糸Aとし、PAのみからなる紡績糸40番手/双糸を緯方向の糸Bとし、20mm周期で緯方向の糸Aと緯方向の糸Bとを入れ替え、レピア織機で目付け70g/m2の織物(平織組織)を製織した。その後、常法の精錬を行い、メタ系アラミド繊維を染色した後に熱セットし、布帛を得た。
メタ系アラミド繊維(MA)、パラ系アラミド繊維(PA)の各ステープルファイバー(いずれも繊維長は51mm)からなるMA/PA=95/5の重量比率で混紡した紡績糸40番手/双糸を経糸、および緯糸Aとし、PAのみからなる紡績糸40番手/双糸を緯糸Bとし、10mm周期で緯糸Aと緯糸Bとを入れ替え、レピア織機で70g/m2の織物(平織組織)を製織した。その後、常法の精錬を行い、メタ系アラミド繊維を染色した後に熱セットし、布帛を得た。
実施例1において、メタ系アラミド繊維(MA)、パラ系アラミド繊維(PA)の各ステープルファイバー(いずれも繊維長は51mm)からなるMA/PA=95/5の重量比率で混紡した紡績糸40番手/双糸を経糸A、および緯糸Aとし、PAのみからなる紡績糸40番手/双糸を経糸B、緯糸Bとし、20mm周期で緯糸Aと緯糸Bとを入れ替えかつ20mm周期で経糸Aと経糸Bとを入れ替え、目付け70g/m2の織物(平織組織)を製織し、これ以外は実施例1と同様に布帛を得た。
MA/PA=95/5の重量比率で混紡した紡績糸40番手/双糸を経糸および緯糸に用い、目付け70g/m2の織物(平織組織)を製織した。その後、常法の精錬を行い、メタ系アラミド繊維を染色した後に熱セットし、布帛を得た。
MA/PA=95/5の重量比率で混紡した紡績糸40番手/双糸を経糸および緯糸に用い、目付け70g/m2の織物(平織組織)を製織した。その後、常法の精錬を行い、メタ系アラミド繊維を染色した後に熱セットし、布帛を得た。前記MA/PA紡績糸の乾熱収縮率は30%であった。
2-1、2-2 熱収縮率が大きい糸Aが配された箇所
Claims (14)
- 経方向または緯方向において熱収縮率が大きい糸Aと熱収縮率が小さい糸Bとが、交互に配されてなることを特徴とする布帛。
- JIS L1091-1992 A-4法(12秒加熱法)に規定される燃焼測定において残炎時間が2.0秒以下である、請求項1に記載の布帛。
- 経方向または緯方向において熱収縮率が大きい糸Aと熱収縮率が小さい糸Bとが、2~100mmの間隔で交互に配されてなる、請求項1または請求項2に記載の布帛。
- 前記の熱収縮率が大きい糸Aおよび/または熱収縮率が小さい糸Bが、紡績糸またはフィラメントである、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の布帛。
- 前記の熱収縮率が大きい糸Aと熱収縮率が小さい糸Bとの乾熱収縮率の差HABが10%以上である、請求項1~4のいずれかにに記載の布帛。
乾熱収縮率(%)=((試験前の長さ(mm)―試験後の長さ(mm))/(試験前の長さ(mm))×100
熱収縮率差HAB(%)=(糸Aの乾熱収縮率(%))―(糸Bの乾熱収縮率(%)) - 前記の熱収縮率が大きい糸Aおよび/または熱収縮率が小さい糸Bが、メタ系アラミド繊維および/またはパラ系アラミド繊維を含む、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の布帛。
- 前記の熱収縮率が大きい糸Aがメタ系アラミド繊維を50重量%以上含み、かつ熱収縮率が小さい糸Bがパラ系アラミド繊維を50重量%以上含む、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の布帛。
- 300℃、5分間の乾熱処理を施したときの厚み差D(下記式)が1.3mm以上である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の布帛。
厚み差D=(処理後の生地厚みd2)―(処理前の生地厚みd1) - 温度300℃、5分間の乾熱処理を施すことにより、経方向または緯方向にストライプ状に連続している凹凸構造を発現する、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の布帛。
- 布帛の片面に透湿防水膜が積層されている、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の布帛。
- 前記の透湿防水膜が、フッ素系フィルムまたはポリウレタンフィルムまたはポリエチレンフィルムまたはポリエステルフィルムからなる、請求項10に記載の布帛。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の布帛を中間層に配し、該中間層に最外層および最内層を積層してなる多層構造布帛。
- 遮熱性(ISO17492)がTPP TIMEで3秒以上である、請求項12に記載の多層構造布帛。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の布帛、または請求項12もしくは請求項13に記載の多層構造布帛を用いてなる、防護服、消防防火服、消防活動服、救助服、ワークウェア、警察制服、自衛隊衣類からなる群より選択されるいずれかの繊維製品。
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US16/085,687 US11160320B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2017-03-29 | Fabric, multilayer structured fabric, and fiber product |
JP2018510553A JP6714074B2 (ja) | 2016-04-05 | 2017-03-29 | 布帛および多層構造布帛および繊維製品 |
CN201780021630.9A CN108882760A (zh) | 2016-04-05 | 2017-03-29 | 布帛、多层结构布帛以及纤维制品 |
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EP4006219A1 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-01 | Nina Rybchak | Coated woven fabric for protective clothing |
EP4431162A1 (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2024-09-18 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Quilted textile material for personal protective clothing |
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JP6714074B2 (ja) | 2020-06-24 |
US20190029335A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
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