WO2017170271A1 - 熱交換器用フィン材及び熱交換器 - Google Patents
熱交換器用フィン材及び熱交換器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017170271A1 WO2017170271A1 PCT/JP2017/012153 JP2017012153W WO2017170271A1 WO 2017170271 A1 WO2017170271 A1 WO 2017170271A1 JP 2017012153 W JP2017012153 W JP 2017012153W WO 2017170271 A1 WO2017170271 A1 WO 2017170271A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydrophilic
- film
- fin material
- resin
- heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/04—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of rubber; of plastics material; of varnish
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
- F25B39/022—Evaporators with plate-like or laminated elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
- F28F1/325—Fins with openings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
- F28F13/182—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing especially adapted for evaporator or condenser surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
- F28F17/005—Means for draining condensates from heat exchangers, e.g. from evaporators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
- F28D2021/007—Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/02—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophilic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fin material used for a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger using the same.
- heat exchangers for air conditioners have been required to improve heat exchange efficiency and be compact, and have been designed with the fin spacing as narrow as possible. Therefore, in the outdoor unit during the cooling operation, the dew condensation water adhering to the fin surface tends to exist in a bridge shape between the fins. This increases the ventilation resistance, that is, the resistance value of the airflow passing between the fins, and as a result, the heat exchange efficiency may be reduced.
- hydrophilic colored film As a solution to this, by forming a hydrophilic colored film on the fin surface and making the condensed water a uniform and thin water film, the drainage is improved, the increase in ventilation resistance due to the condensed water is suppressed, and the heat exchange performance is improved.
- the technique to maintain is adopted.
- the material for forming the hydrophilic colored film include, for example, a chromate treatment and an inorganic film containing silica such as water glass and colloidal silica, or a hydrophilic polymer such as a cellulose resin and an acrylic resin.
- An organic film containing is proposed.
- the fins are also required to have a design property in order to visually display the effects of coolness and luxury, and colored fin materials have been proposed.
- a coloring method a method of incorporating a pigment in the film can be mentioned.
- the film component is easily eluted in water, so when condensed water adheres, the pigment drains together with the film component. It will flow into the water. As a result, fin discoloration and drain water contamination may occur.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 many of the conventional design fin materials have pigments in a film made of a corrosion-resistant resin such as an epoxy resin and a urethane resin with a low water elution amount, and these corrosion-resistant films are used as a base, On top of that, a fin material composed of a plurality of layers coated with the hydrophilic coloring film as described above has been proposed. Further, Patent Document 3 proposes a colored hydrophilic coating containing a hydrophilic resin, a hydrophilic inorganic material, and specific pigment particles and specifying a Lab display system.
- a corrosion-resistant resin such as an epoxy resin and a urethane resin with a low water elution amount
- the aluminum fin material as in Patent Documents 1 and 2 requires a plurality of coating processes, which deteriorates the workability of coating, increases the cost of paint, and is poor in mass productivity.
- the aluminum fin material using the hydrophilic coloring film of Patent Document 3 since the film contains an inorganic material having high hardness such as an alkali metal salt of silica or alumina, the aluminum alloy plate is processed into a fin material. In this case, since the hardness of the coating film is high, the mold wear is large, which may cause a problem that the fin material is likely to crack.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a background, has excellent hydrophilicity, designability, and fading resistance, has a hydrophilic colored film obtained in a single coating process, and prevents deterioration of moldability.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger fin material that can be produced, and a heat exchanger using the same.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a substrate made of aluminum; A heat exchanger fin material having a coating formed of one layer or two or more layers formed on the substrate, The coating film has a hydrophilic coloring film on the outermost surface, The hydrophilic colored film contains an acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A), a melamine resin (B), a perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C), and a pigment (D).
- A acrylic-modified epoxy resin
- B a melamine resin
- C perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin
- D a pigment
- the content of the pigment (D) in the hydrophilic colored film is 1 to 80 mg / m 2 ,
- the water contact angle of the hydrophilic coloring film is 20 ° or less, It exists in the fin material for heat exchangers whose elution rate to the flowing water of the said hydrophilic coloring film
- membrane is 1 mass% or less after the immersion test which immerses the said fin material for heat exchangers in flowing water with a flow rate of 5 L / hour for 24 hours.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a heat exchanger provided with fins made of the fin material for heat exchanger.
- the coating film contains, on its outermost surface, an acrylic-modified epoxy resin, a melamine resin, a perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin, and a pigment, and the content of the pigment in the film is It has a hydrophilic colored film of 1 to 80 mg / m 2 . Since the hydrophilic colored film contains a perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin, it exhibits excellent hydrophilicity, and since it contains the predetermined amount of the pigment, it is rich in hue and can exhibit high design properties. Further, since the hydrophilic colored film contains a melamine resin together with the acrylic-modified epoxy resin, it is possible to form a crosslinked structure between the acrylic-modified epoxy resin and the melamine resin.
- the heat exchanger fin material has a low elution amount of the hydrophilic colored film into water and is excellent in fading resistance.
- the hydrophilic coloring film of the said structure irrespective of the kind of pigment, the above-mentioned outstanding hydrophilic property and fade resistance can be exhibited.
- a hydrophilic colored film is excellent in water resistance from the viewpoint that elution into water can be suppressed.
- the hydrophilic coloring film does not necessarily contain an inorganic compound having high hardness such as an alkali metal salt of silicic acid or alumina. For this reason, it is possible to prevent, for example, mold wear during molding or cracks in the fin material. That is, the moldability of the fin material can be prevented from being lowered. Further, the hydrophilic colored film can be obtained by a single coating process, and for example, it is not necessary to form two or more kinds of paints repeatedly to separate the hydrophilic layer and the colored layer.
- the heat exchanger includes fins made of the heat exchanger fin material. Therefore, the fin can exhibit excellent hydrophilicity, designability, and fading resistance.
- FIG. 1 Sectional drawing of the fin material in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 Sectional drawing of the fin material in Example 1.
- the fin material has a substrate made of aluminum.
- aluminum is a generic term for metals and alloys mainly composed of aluminum, and is a concept including pure aluminum and aluminum alloys.
- the coating film formed on the substrate has one layer or two or more layers.
- the coating film formed by applying the same type of coating material once is one layer, but the coating film formed by repeatedly applying the coating material having the same component composition a plurality of times is also one layer.
- the coating film has a hydrophilic coloring film on the outermost surface, and the hydrophilic coloring film includes an acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A), a melamine resin (B), a perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C), and a pigment (D). Containing.
- A acrylic-modified epoxy resin
- B melamine resin
- C perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin
- D pigment
- the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A) contributes to improvement of the fading resistance of the hydrophilic colored film.
- the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A) is obtained, for example, by a reaction with a bisphenol type epoxy resin (A1) and an acrylic resin (A2) having a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group.
- the bisphenol type epoxy resin (A1) include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, and the like, among which bisphenol A type epoxy resin is preferable.
- the acrylic resin (A2) include an acrylic polymer having acrylic acid or methacrylic acid as a monomer component, that is, an acrylic polymer having a structural unit derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- the acrylic resin (A2) for example, an acrylic copolymer having acrylic acid and methacrylic acid as monomer components, that is, a copolymer having a structural unit derived from acrylic acid and a structural unit derived from methacrylic acid Coalesce is mentioned.
- the acrylic copolymer may further contain a polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid such as maleic acid or phthalic acid as a monomer component. That is, the acrylic copolymer may have a structural unit derived from a polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid other than acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
- a structural unit derived from maleic acid, a phthalic acid-derived structural unit It may have a structural unit, or a structural unit derived from maleic acid and a structural unit derived from phthalic acid.
- the hydrophilic colored film preferably contains 45 to 65 parts by mass of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component. In this case, it is possible to improve the hydrophilicity and fading resistance of the hydrophilic colored film in a well-balanced manner. From the viewpoint of improving the hydrophilicity and fading resistance in a more balanced manner, the hydrophilic colored film preferably contains 50 to 60 parts by mass of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component. .
- content of the above-mentioned acrylic modified epoxy resin (A) is content of solid content, also about the below-mentioned melamine resin (B), perfluoroalkyl group containing alcohol resin (C), and pigment (D). It is the same.
- the melamine resin (B) contributes to improvement of the fading resistance of the hydrophilic coloring film. That is, in the hydrophilic colored film, the hydrophilic colored film containing the pigment is less likely to be eluted in water by forming a crosslinked structure of the melamine resin (B) and the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A). Such a crosslinked structure can be formed by heating.
- the hydrophilic colored film preferably contains 2 to 13 parts by mass of the melamine resin (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component.
- the cross-linking structure is improved, and the fading resistance can be improved while suppressing the decrease in hydrophilicity and moldability of the hydrophilic colored film.
- the ratio of the content of the melamine resin (B) to the content of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A) is preferably 0.03 to 0.25 in terms of mass ratio.
- the hydrophilic colored film comprises 3 to 8 parts by mass of the melamine resin (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component. It is more preferable to contain.
- the ratio of the content of the melamine resin (B) to the content of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A) is more preferably 1/12 to 1/10 by mass ratio.
- the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) contributes to the improvement of the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic coloring film.
- the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) can be obtained, for example, by reacting a fluorine compound (C1) having a perfluoroalkyl group with a polymer (C2) having a hydroxyl group.
- the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) preferably has at least one of structural units represented by the following formulas (I) and (II), and has a repeating structure of the formula (I) or the formula (II): More preferably, it consists of a polymer having units.
- N in the formulas (I) and (II) is an arbitrary natural number appropriately determined according to the molecular weight of each available resin.
- R in the formula (I) has at least a group represented by the following formula (III), and in a polymer having a structural unit represented by the formula (I), a part of R is H. It may be.
- R 1 to R 3 in formula (II) are each independently H or a group represented by formula (III), and at least one of R 1 to R 3 is a group represented by formula (III) . In addition, it is preferable that at least one of R 1 to R 3 is H.
- J and k in the formula (III) are each independently an arbitrary natural number, j is usually 1 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, and k is usually 1 to 20, preferably 6 to 16.
- a perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component in the hydrophilic coloring film.
- the ratio of the content of the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) to the content of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A) is preferably 5/14 to 11/8 in mass ratio.
- the ratio of the content of the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) to the content of the melamine resin (B) is preferably 3/1 to 10/1 by mass ratio.
- 35 perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) is added to 100 parts by mass of the resin component in the hydrophilic colored film. More preferably, it is contained in an amount of 45 parts by mass.
- the ratio of the content of the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) to the content of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A) is more preferably 7/12 to 9/10 by mass ratio.
- the ratio of the content of the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C) to the content of the melamine resin (B) is more preferably 7/1 to 9/1 by mass ratio.
- the hydrophilic colored film can contain other resin components other than the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A), melamine resin (B), and perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C).
- the content of the other resin component is 10 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A), the melamine resin (B), and the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C). Is preferably 5 parts by mass or less, more preferably 1 part by mass or less.
- the resin component in the hydrophilic coloring film is substantially composed of an acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A), a melamine resin (B), and a perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C).
- the above “consisting essentially of” means that no other resin components are contained except for resin components brought into the paint from resin raw materials, pigments, solvents and the like.
- the pigment (D) colors the hydrophilic colored film and contributes to its design.
- the content of the pigment (D) in the hydrophilic colored film is 1 to 80 mg / m 2 .
- the content of the pigment (D) is less than 1 mg / m 2 , a sufficient coloring effect cannot be obtained, and the design properties of the fin material may be deteriorated.
- the content of the pigment (D) in the hydrophilic colored film is preferably 5 to 60 mg / m 2 , and more preferably 10 to 50 mg / m 2 .
- the pigment (D) substances corresponding to various colors can be used.
- the pigment (D) may be either an inorganic pigment or an organic pigment, but an organic pigment is preferable.
- examples of the blue pigment include copper phthalocyanine, copper free phthalocyanine, and indanthrone compounds.
- examples of red pigments include monoazo, condensed azo, quinacridone, and perylene compounds.
- Examples of yellow pigments include monoazo, disazo, condensed azo, metal complex azomethine, benzimidazolone, isoindolinone, and quinophthalone compounds.
- the pigment (D) is added as a pigment dispersion in a paint for forming a hydrophilic colored film.
- the substance that modifies the pigment particle surface (that is, the modifier) is preferably a cationic or nonionic surfactant from the viewpoint of dispersibility in the paint.
- an anionic surfactant is used, the coagulation of the modifier proceeds and the pigment settles within a weakly acidic and neutral range of pH 5.0 to 8.0, which may result in poor dispersibility.
- An acrylic resin can also be used as a modifier. However, when an acrylic resin is used, the hydrophilicity of the surface of the hydrophilic colored film obtained after film formation may be hindered. Tend to decrease.
- the water contact angle of the hydrophilic colored film is 20 ° or less.
- the surface of the fin material can exhibit sufficiently excellent hydrophilicity.
- the water contact angle is more preferably 15 ° or less.
- the water contact angle of the hydrophilic colored film can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the composition of the hydrophilic colored film as described above.
- the dissolution rate of the hydrophilic coloring film in flowing water after the immersion test in which the fin material for heat exchanger is immersed in flowing water at a flow rate of 5 L / hour for 24 hours is 1% by mass or less.
- elution of the hydrophilic colored film into water is surely and sufficiently suppressed, and the fading resistance can be sufficiently improved.
- the elution rate of the hydrophilic colored film into running water can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the composition of the hydrophilic colored film as described above.
- the fading resistance can be improved more reliably and sufficiently.
- the degree of fading of the hydrophilic colored film can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the composition of the hydrophilic colored film as described above.
- the thickness of the hydrophilic coloring film can be adjusted as appropriate, but can be set to 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m, for example.
- the hydrophilic colored film preferably contains at least one of an antibacterial agent and an antifungal agent. In this case, the antibacterial and antifungal properties of the hydrophilic colored film can be improved.
- the coating film may have a corrosion-resistant film containing at least one resin selected from the group consisting of an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, and an ester resin between the hydrophilic coloring film and the substrate. preferable.
- the corrosion resistance of the fin material can be further improved.
- the thickness of the corrosion-resistant film can be adjusted to a range of 0.3 to 5 ⁇ m, for example. If the thickness of the corrosion-resistant film is too small, the corrosion resistance may not be sufficiently secured, and if the thickness is too large, the heat transfer performance of the fin material may be reduced.
- a base treatment layer made of a chemical conversion film can be provided between the coating film and the substrate.
- the adhesion between the coating film and the substrate can be improved.
- the corrosion resistance of the fin material can be improved, and the under-film corrosion caused when corrosive substances such as water and salt compounds permeate the surface of the substrate is suppressed, thereby preventing film cracking and film peeling. Can do.
- Examples of chemical coatings include chemical coatings such as chromate treatment such as phosphate chromate and chromate chromate, and non-chromate treatment using titanium phosphate, zirconium phosphate, molybdenum phosphate, zinc phosphate, zirconium oxide, etc. other than chromium compounds.
- a film obtained by treatment, so-called chemical conversion treatment can be employed.
- the chemical conversion treatment methods such as chromate treatment and non-chromate treatment include a reaction type and a coating type, and any method may be used.
- the base treatment layer can be formed at 100 mg / m 2 or less.
- the fin material is used for manufacturing a heat exchanger as follows, for example. Specifically, first, a coil-shaped fin material is cut into a predetermined size to obtain a plurality of plate-shaped fins. Next, the press machine performs slit processing, louver molding, and color processing on the fin. Next, a plurality of fins are stacked and arranged in a state of being spaced apart from each other while passing the metal tube arranged at a predetermined position through a hole provided in the fin. Thereafter, the metal tube and the fin are brought into close contact with each other by inserting a tube expansion plug into the metal tube to increase the outer diameter of the metal tube. In this way, a heat exchanger can be obtained.
- the heat exchanger can be used for, for example, an indoor unit or an outdoor unit of an air conditioner.
- Example 1 fin materials (samples E1 to E20) according to examples of the present invention and fin materials (samples R1 to R11) according to comparative examples are produced and their characteristics are evaluated.
- the fin material 1 of the samples E1 to E20 has a substrate 2 made of aluminum and a coating film 3 formed on the surface thereof.
- the coating film 3 is composed of a hydrophilic coloring film 31.
- a chemical conversion film 4 is formed between the substrate 2 and the coating film 3.
- the laminated structure of the samples R1 to R11 is the same as that of the samples E1 to E20.
- Samples E1 to E20 and Samples R1 to R11 have different constituent components of the hydrophilic colored film 31 as shown in Table 1 described later. Each component amount in Table 1 is a solid content.
- a method for manufacturing the fin material will be described.
- the substrate 2 a JIS A 1050-H26, 0.1 mm thick aluminum plate was prepared.
- a chemical conversion film 4 made of phosphate chromate was formed on the surface of the substrate 2.
- a coating having a predetermined composition (see Table 1) is applied on the chemical conversion film 4 using a bar coater, and heated at a temperature of 225 ° C. for 10 seconds, thereby forming a coating made of a hydrophilic colored film 31 having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m. Film 3 was formed. Thus, the fin material 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 was obtained.
- Samples E1 to E20 are manufactured by the same method as described above except that the composition of the paint for forming the hydrophilic colored film is different. The same applies to the samples R1 to R11.
- Acrylic-modified epoxy resin (A): Polyacrylic acid-bisphenol A type epoxy Melamine resin (B): Melamine resin Perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin (C): Polyvinyl alcohol-fluorine compound (XO-OC- (CH 2 ) 4 )-(CF 2 ) 15 -CF 3 complex (X: H or Na)
- D-b1 Phthalocyanine blue pigment (dispersant: nonionic surfactant)
- D-b2 Phthalocyanine blue pigment (dispersant: anionic surfactant)
- D-b3 phthalocyanine blue pigment (dispersant: polyacrylic acid resin)
- D-y1 Fast yellow pigment (dispersant: nonionic surfactant)
- D-r1 Toluidine red pigment (dispersant: nonionic surfactant)
- each fin material was cut
- the light source was set to the Lab display system, and the color tone of the surface of the hydrophilic colored film was measured (operation A).
- the test plate was immersed in flowing water at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a flow rate of 5 L / hour for 24 hours and sufficiently dried, and then the color tone of the surface of the hydrophilic colored film was measured (operation B).
- the color fading resistance was evaluated by calculating the color tone difference ( ⁇ L, ⁇ a, ⁇ b) between the operation A and the operation B.
- the content of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin is preferably 45 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component in order to improve the fading resistance.
- the sample E1 is more hydrophilic. From this result, in order to sufficiently increase the hydrophilicity, it is understood that the content of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin is preferably 65 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component. In sample R2, it is considered that the hydrophilicity was lowered due to the accelerated crosslinking reaction between the acrylic-modified epoxy resin and the hydrophilic group of the fluoropolymer.
- the ratio of the content of the perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin to the content of the acrylic-modified epoxy resin is a mass ratio (perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin / Acrylic-modified epoxy resin) is preferably in the range of 5/14 to 11/8, more preferably 7/12 to 9/10.
- the content of the melamine resin is preferably 2 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component.
- the sample R3 having a small content of melamine resin sufficient coating film hardness cannot be obtained, and the pigment may be easily released into water.
- sample E1, sample E4, and sample E6 were richer in color. From this result, the content of the pigment in the film is preferably 1 mg / m 2 or more, and more preferably 10 mg / m 2 or more.
- the amount of pigment in the film is preferably 80 mg / m 2 or less, and more preferably 50 mg / m 2 or less.
- the sample E1 is more hydrophilic. This is because, when the dispersant used for the pigment is a polyacrylic acid resin as in sample R11, the polyacrylic acid resin tends to bleed out on the surface of the film, resulting in a decrease in hydrophilicity. It is thought that it is because there is.
- the sample E1 and the sample E20 it can be seen that the sample E1 is superior in pigment dispersibility during production. This is because when the dispersant used for the pigment is an anionic surfactant as in Sample E20, the pigment is likely to precipitate in the paint. In this case, the paint is managed and handled. There is a risk that it may become difficult and productivity may deteriorate. From such a viewpoint, the dispersant used for the pigment is preferably a cationic or nonionic surfactant.
- the heat exchange has a hydrophilic film composed of an acrylic-modified epoxy resin, a melamine resin, a perfluoroalkyl group-containing alcohol resin, and a pigment, and the amount of pigment in the film is specified to be 1 to 80 mg / m 2.
- the fin materials for samples are excellent in hydrophilicity, design properties, and fading resistance.
- the hydrophilic coloring film does not necessarily need to contain an inorganic compound having high hardness such as an alkali metal salt of silicic acid or alumina. For this reason, it is possible to prevent, for example, mold wear during molding or cracks in the fin material.
- the hydrophilic colored film can be obtained by a single coating process. For example, two or more kinds of paints are repeatedly applied to form a hydrophilic layer and a colored layer. There is no need to form them separately.
- This example is an example of a fin material for a heat exchanger having a coating composed of a hydrophilic colored coating and a corrosion-resistant coating.
- the fin material 1 of this example includes a hydrophilic colored film 31 and a corrosion-resistant film 32 as the coating film 3, and the outermost layer is formed of the hydrophilic colored film 31.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. That is, the fin material 1 of this example includes a substrate 2, a chemical conversion film 4 formed on the substrate 2, a corrosion resistant film 32 formed on the chemical conversion film 4, and a hydrophilic coloring formed on the corrosion resistant film 32. And a coating 31.
- the corrosion-resistant film 32 the corrosion resistance of the fin material can be further enhanced.
- the present example is an example of a heat exchanger provided with fins made of the fin material of the first embodiment.
- the heat exchanger 7 is a cross fin tube type, and includes a large number of plate-like fins 8 made of the fin material 1, and a metal tube 9 for heat transfer that passes through these fins. .
- the fins 8 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval.
- the width of the fins 8 is, for example, 25.4 mm
- the height is, for example, 290 mm
- the lamination pitch of the fins 8 is, for example, 1.4 mm
- the overall width of the heat exchanger 1 is, for example, 300 mm.
- the height direction of the fin 8 is the rolling parallel direction of the substrate.
- the metal tubes 9 at the width of the fins 8 are arranged in two rows, and the number of metal tubes 9 at the height of the fins 8 is 14 steps. In FIG. 3, the number of metal tubes 9 is omitted for the convenience of drawing.
- the metal tube 9 is a copper tube having a spiral groove on the inner surface. The dimensions of the metal tube are as follows: outer diameter: 7.0 mm, bottom wall thickness: 0.45 mm, fin height: 0.20 mm, fin apex angle: 15.0 °, helical angle: 10.0 °.
- the heat exchanger 7 was produced as follows. First, an assembly hole (not shown) having a fin collar portion having a height of 1 to 4 mm for inserting and fixing the metal tube 8 into the fin 8 made of the fin material 1 was formed by press working. After laminating the fins 8, a separately produced metal tube 7 was inserted into the assembly hole. As the metal tube 9, a copper tube was used which was subjected to grooving on the inner surface by rolling or the like, and was subjected to regular cutting and hairpin bending. Next, a tube expansion plug was inserted from one end of the metal tube 9, and the metal tube 9 was fixed to the fin 8 by expanding the outer diameter of the metal tube 9. After removing the tube expansion plug, the U vent tube was brazed to the metal tube 9 to obtain the heat exchanger 7.
- the heat exchanger 7 has excellent fin 8 hydrophilicity, designability, and fading resistance. Further, the hydrophilic coloring film 31 of the fin material 1 does not necessarily contain an inorganic compound having high hardness such as an alkali metal salt of silicic acid or alumina. Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent the mold material from being worn during the molding of the fin material 1 at the time of manufacturing the heat exchanger 7, and the fin material 1 from being cracked.
- an inorganic compound having high hardness such as an alkali metal salt of silicic acid or alumina. Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent the mold material from being worn during the molding of the fin material 1 at the time of manufacturing the heat exchanger 7, and the fin material 1 from being cracked.
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Abstract
Description
該基板上に形成された1層又は2層以上の皮膜からなる塗膜と、を有する熱交換器用フィン材であって、
上記塗膜は、最表面に親水性着色皮膜を有し、
該親水性着色皮膜は、アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂(A)、メラミン樹脂(B)、パーフルオロアルキル基含有アルコール樹脂(C)、及び顔料(D)を含有し、
上記親水性着色皮膜中の顔料(D)の含有量が1~80mg/m2であり、
上記親水性着色皮膜の水接触角が20°以下であり、
上記熱交換器用フィン材を流速5L/時間の流水に24時間浸漬する浸漬試験後における上記親水性着色皮膜の流水への溶出率が1質量%以下である、熱交換器用フィン材にある。
フィン材は、アルミニウムからなる基板を有する。本明細書において、「アルミニウム」は、アルミニウムを主体とする金属及び合金の総称であり、純アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金を含む概念である。
本例は、本発明の実施例にかかるフィン材(試料E1~試料E20)および比較例にかかるフィン材(試料R1~試料R11)を作製し、これらの特性を評価する例である。図1に例示されるように、試料E1~試料E20のフィン材1は、アルミニウムよりなる基板2と、その表面に形成された塗膜3とを有する。塗膜3は、親水性着色皮膜31からなる。基板2と塗膜3との間には化成皮膜4が形成されている。試料R1~試料R11の皮膜の積層構成は試料E1~試料E20と同様である。各試料E1~試料E20、試料R1~試料R11は、後述の表1に示すごとく親水性着色皮膜31の構成成分が互いに異なる。表1における各成分量は固形分量である。
アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂(A):ポリアクリル酸-ビスフェノールA型エポキシ
メラミン樹脂(B):メラミン樹脂
パーフルオロアルキル基含有アルコール樹脂(C):ポリビニルアルコール-フッ素化合物(XO-OC-(CH2)4)-(CF2)15-CF3の複合体(X:HあるいはNa)
(1)D-b1:フタロシアニンブルー系顔料(分散剤:ノニオン型界面活性剤)
(2)D-b2:フタロシアニンブルー系顔料(分散剤:アニオン型界面活性剤)
(3)D-b3:フタロシアニンブルー系顔料(分散剤:ポリアクリル酸系樹脂)
(4)D-y1:ファストエロー系顔料(分散剤:ノニオン型界面活性剤)
(5)D-r1:トルイジンレッド系顔料(分散剤:ノニオン型界面活性剤)
協和界面科学(株)製の自動接触角計DM-701を用いて、θ/2法により水接触角を測定した。具体的には、各フィン材を50mm×100mmに切断して供試板を作製した。次いで、各供試板の親水性着色皮膜上に純水2μlを滴下し、滴下後30秒後の水の接触角を測定した。その結果を表2に示す。
各フィン材を100mm×100mmに切断して供試板を作製し、供試板の重量W0を測定した。次いで、供試板を水温20℃、流速5L/時間の流水中に24時間浸漬させた(これを浸漬試験という)。その後、供試板を乾燥させ、供試板の重量W1を測定した。溶出率E(%)は、下記の式(α)によって算出される。その結果を表2に示す。なお、溶出率が1%未満であった場合は、表中に「<1」と示した。
E=100×(W0-W1)/W0 ・・・(α)
意匠性の評価は、親水性着色皮膜の色差を測定することにより行った。まず、各フィン材を50mm×100mmに切断して供試板を作製した。次いで、コニカミノルタ株式会社製の色差計「CR-200」を用いて、光源をLab表示系に設定し、親水性着色皮膜の表面の色調を測定した。なお、色差(L,a,b)が、Lが75以上かつ85以下であり、a又はbが±5.0を超える上の場合を「良」と判定した。また、Lが60以上かつ95以下であり、かつa又はbが±2.0を超かつ±5.0以下の場合を「可」と判定した。また、Lが60未満あるいは95超、またはa及びbがともに±2.0以下の場合を「不良」と判定した。その結果を表2に示す。
まず、各フィン材を50mm×100mmに切断して供試板を作製した。次いで、コニカミノルタ株式会社製の色差計「CR-200」を用いて、光源をLab表示系に設定し、親水性着色皮膜の表面の色調を測定した(操作A)。次に、温度25℃、流速5L/時間の流水中に供試板を24時間浸漬し、十分に乾燥させた後、親水性着色皮膜の表面の色調を測定した(操作B)。操作Aと操作Bとの色調差(ΔL,Δa,Δb)を算出することにより、耐退色性を評価した。色調差(ΔL,Δa,Δb)について、ΔLが±2.5以下、かつΔa及びΔbが±1.0以下の場合を「良」と判定した。また、ΔLが±2.5を超えかつ±5.0以下の場合、又はΔa及びΔbが±1.0を超かつ±2.0以下の場合を「可」と判定した。また、ΔLが±5.0を超える場合、又はΔa及びΔbが±2.0を超える場合を「不良」と判定した。その結果を表2に示す。
各試料の組成の親水性着色皮膜(表1参照)を形成するため塗料をそれぞれガラス瓶容器(具体的には、ガラススクリュー管)中で、温度60℃の条件で72時間静置した。静置後の各塗料の沈殿状態を目視にて評価した。容器の底に顔料の沈殿(具体的には、色つきの沈殿物)が認められない場合を「良」と判定し、顔料の沈殿が認められた場合を「不良」と判定した。その結果を表2に示す。
本例は、親水性着色皮膜と耐食性皮膜とからなる塗膜を有する熱交換器用フィン材の例である。図2に例示されるように、本例のフィン材1は、塗膜3として、親水性着色皮膜31と耐食性皮膜32とを有し、最外層が親水性着色皮膜31からなる。その他の構成は実施例1と同様である。すなわち、本例のフィン材1は、基板2と、基板2上に形成された化成皮膜4と、化成皮膜4上に形成された耐食性皮膜32と、耐食性皮膜32上に形成された親水性着色皮膜31とを有する。このように耐食性皮膜32を形成することにより、フィン材の耐食性をより高めることができる。
本例は、実施例1のフィン材からなるフィンを備えた熱交換器の例である。図3に例示されるように、熱交換器7は、クロスフィンチューブ型であり、フィン材1からなる多数の板状のフィン8と、これらを貫通する伝熱用の金属管9とを有する。各フィン8は、所定の間隔を明けて平行に配置されている。フィン8の幅は例えば25.4mm、高さは例えば290mm、フィン8の積層ピッチは例えば1.4mm、熱交換器1の全体の幅は例えば300mmである。フィン8の高さ方向が基板の圧延平行方向である。フィン8の幅における金属管9を2列とし、フィン8の高さにおける金属管9の段数を14段とした。なお、図3においては、図面作成の便宜のため、金属管9の数を省略している。また、金属管9は、内面にらせん溝を有する銅管である。金属管の寸法は、外径:7.0mm、底肉厚:0.45mm、フィン高さ:0.20mm、フィン頂角:15.0°、らせん角:10.0°である。
Claims (11)
- アルミニウムからなる基板と、
該基板上に形成された1層又は2層以上の皮膜からなる塗膜と、を有する熱交換器用フィン材であって、
上記塗膜は、最表面に親水性着色皮膜を有し、
該親水性着色皮膜は、アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂(A)、メラミン樹脂(B)、パーフルオロアルキル基含有アルコール樹脂(C)、及び顔料(D)を含有し、
上記親水性着色皮膜中の顔料(D)の含有量が1~80mg/m2であり、
上記親水性着色皮膜の水接触角が20°以下であり、
上記熱交換器用フィン材を流速5L/時間の流水に24時間浸漬する浸漬試験後における上記親水性着色皮膜の流水への溶出率が1質量%以下である、熱交換器用フィン材。 - 上記浸漬試験後の上記親水性着色皮膜の退色度が、Lab表色系において(ΔL,Δa,Δb)=(±2.5,±1.0,±1.0)である、請求項1に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 上記親水性着色皮膜は、該親水性着色皮膜中の樹脂成分100質量部に対して上記アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂(A)を45~65質量部含有する、請求項1又は2に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 上記親水性着色皮膜は、該親水性着色皮膜中の樹脂成分100質量部に対して上記メラミン樹脂(B)を2~13質量部含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 上記親水性着色皮膜は、上記アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂(A)の含有量に対する上記メラミン樹脂(B)の含有量の比が質量比で0.03~0.25である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 上記親水性着色皮膜は、該親水性着色皮膜中の樹脂成分100質量部に対して上記パーフルオロアルキル基含有アルコール樹脂(C)を30~50質量部含有する、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 上記親水性着色皮膜は、上記アクリル変性エポキシ樹脂(A)の含有量に対する上記パーフルオロアルキル基含有アルコール樹脂(C)の含有量の比が質量比で5/14~11/8である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 上記親水性着色皮膜は、上記メラミン樹脂(B)の含有量に対する上記パーフルオロアルキル基含有アルコール樹脂(C)の含有量の比が質量比で3/1~10/1である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 前記親水性着色皮膜が、さらに抗菌剤及び防かび剤の少なくとも一方を含有する、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 上記塗膜は、上記親水性着色皮膜と上記基板との間に、アクリル系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂、エステル系樹脂からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂を含有する耐食性皮膜を有する、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器用フィン材。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器用フィン材からなるフィンを備えた、熱交換器。
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MX2018011494A MX2018011494A (es) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-24 | Material de aleta para intercambiador de calor, e intercambiador de calor. |
EP17774808.4A EP3438593A4 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-24 | FIN MATERIAL FOR HEAT EXCHANGER, AND HEAT EXCHANGER |
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JP2017180991A (ja) | 2017-10-05 |
MX2018011494A (es) | 2019-02-20 |
EP3438593A4 (en) | 2019-12-25 |
EP3438593A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
US20190032972A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
CN108885070A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
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