WO2017169450A1 - 排ガス浄化触媒 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017169450A1 WO2017169450A1 PCT/JP2017/007597 JP2017007597W WO2017169450A1 WO 2017169450 A1 WO2017169450 A1 WO 2017169450A1 JP 2017007597 W JP2017007597 W JP 2017007597W WO 2017169450 A1 WO2017169450 A1 WO 2017169450A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- catalyst
- carrier
- zeolite
- denitration
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910018512 Al—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 30
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 inorganic acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100029133 DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000918646 Homo sapiens DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQPMXCYIQRRYMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth;trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Bi+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O BQPMXCYIQRRYMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJIWZDNTCBHXAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroxoline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 RJIWZDNTCBHXAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/65—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38, as exemplified by patent documents US4046859, US4016245 and US4046859, respectively
- B01J29/69—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38, as exemplified by patent documents US4046859, US4016245 and US4046859, respectively containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9427—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrous oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2825—Ceramics
- F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/209—Other metals
- B01D2255/2096—Bismuth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/50—Zeolites
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
- F01N2370/02—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in catalytic reactors
- F01N2370/04—Zeolitic material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/063—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction zeolites
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
- F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention removes nitrogen oxide (NOx) in combustion exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine for ships, which generates combustion exhaust gas having a high sulfur oxide content and a relatively low temperature among internal combustion engines.
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying catalyst.
- ammonia selective catalytic reduction uses a denitration catalyst mainly composed of vanadium or titania as a catalyst, and uses ammonia as a reducing agent.
- C heavy oil has a high content of sulfur compounds in addition to nitrogen compounds. Therefore, when it is burned, the combustion exhaust gas produces sulfur oxides together with nitrogen oxides that cannot be ignored. Become.
- an alcohol such as ethanol is used as a reducing agent, and a denitration catalyst in which a specific metal is supported on ⁇ zeolite is used.
- Patent Document 2 describes a denitration method using alcohol such as methanol as a reducing agent and using proton type ⁇ zeolite as a denitration catalyst.
- alcohol such as methanol
- Patent Document 2 describes a denitration method using proton type ⁇ zeolite as a denitration catalyst.
- JP 2004-358454 A JP 2006-220107 A
- a denitration catalyst layer is disposed in each of the exhaust gas treatment channels branched into two systems in order to solve the problem of deterioration of the catalyst over time as in Patent Document 1, and one exhaust gas
- the denitration catalyst layer of the one exhaust gas treatment channel is heated at 350 to 800 ° C. on the spot while the treatment channel is closed to stop the supply of exhaust gas and the exhaust gas treatment is continued in the other exhaust gas treatment channel.
- the reduced denitration performance is recovered, and this operation is repeated two times alternately.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, using nitrogen oxide in a relatively low temperature exhaust gas discharged from a marine diesel engine or the like, using a reducing agent in a smaller amount than before,
- An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying catalyst that can be efficiently removed.
- the present inventors have determined the peak area (A) of the Al—OH spectrum measured with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) as the weight of the measurement carrier ( The inventors have found that a zeolite-supported catalyst having a value (S) divided by W) of 1500 to 3500 has a higher denitration performance than a conventionally known catalyst, and has completed the present invention.
- A peak area
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
- the present invention is used in a combustion exhaust gas purification method that reduces and removes nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gas to nitrogen, and alcohol is added to the combustion exhaust gas as a reducing agent for reducing the nitrogen oxides.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst comprises a carrier and a denitration catalyst metal supported on the carrier, and the carrier is an Al--particle measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
- the zeolite is characterized in that the value (S) obtained by dividing the peak area (A) of the OH spectrum by the measurement carrier weight (W) is 1500 to 3500.
- the zeolite has a FER type structure.
- the denitration catalyst metal is Bi.
- the exhaust gas treatment catalyst according to the present invention has a value (S) of 1500, which is obtained by dividing the peak area (A) of the Al—OH spectrum measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) by the measured carrier weight (W).
- S the value of 1500, which is obtained by dividing the peak area (A) of the Al—OH spectrum measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) by the measured carrier weight (W).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an exhaust gas purification apparatus (1) to which an exhaust gas purification catalyst according to the present invention is applied, (a) a perspective view and (b) a front view showing a honeycomb structure. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of an exhaust gas treatment catalyst structure, and shows what consists of a small piece of a corrugated sheet-like base material. It is a flow sheet which shows the outline
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst according to the present invention is used in a combustion exhaust gas purification method for removing nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gas by reducing them to nitrogen.
- the alcohol as the reducing agent to be added is not particularly limited as long as it has a reducing power at the temperature at the time of the reduction treatment of the combustion exhaust gas. Since there is a problem of lowering, it is preferable to use methanol, ethanol, or the like, which is an alcohol having a small carbon number.
- the present invention is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst capable of improving the denitration performance in a low alcohol concentration range, and the concentration of alcohol as a reducing agent added is preferably 1000 to 7000 ppm, and more preferably 1000 to 6000 ppm.
- the exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention is assumed to be applied when the temperature of combustion exhaust gas of marine diesel, oil-fired boiler, gas turbine, etc. is relatively low. More specifically, the present invention The exhaust gas purification catalyst according to is used for reducing and removing nitrogen oxides in combustion exhaust gas at a temperature in the range of 180 to 400 ° C., preferably 200 to 300 ° C., to nitrogen.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst according to the present invention comprises a carrier and a denitration catalyst metal supported on the carrier.
- the carrier used for the catalyst of the present invention is a value obtained by dividing the peak area (A) of the Al—OH spectrum measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) by the measured carrier weight (W) (S). Zeolite having a value in the range of 1500 to 3500, preferably 1530 to 3260 (hereinafter referred to as “value (S)” for simplicity) is used.
- the peak area (A) of the Al—OH spectrum is obtained by integrating the peaks of the Al—OH spectrum measured with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR).
- the peak area (A) indicates a portion surrounded by a straight line obtained by cutting both ends of the peak with a straight line.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
- Al—OH in the zeolite is generated by cutting a part of “—O—Al—O—” in the basic skeleton.
- the measurement carrier weight (W) is the weight of a measurement sample measured with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). For example, a pellet formed by putting only sample powder into a mold and pressurizing it into a pellet It is determined by measuring the weight of the form carrier.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
- the amount of Al—OH in the zeolite skeleton becomes an appropriate amount, and the rate (selectivity) of reaching the catalyst metal of alcohol as a reducing agent is improved.
- the denitration rate is improved.
- a zeolite having a value (S) smaller than 1500 the acid point is decreased and the alcohol selectivity of the reducing agent is improved.
- the denitration rate is lowered because the reactivity itself is lowered.
- a zeolite having a value (S) larger than 3500 is used, the acid point (number) becomes excessive, and alcohol is wasted, so that the denitration rate is considered to decrease.
- the zeolite is calcined and heated (eg, It is preferable to remove moisture contained in the zeolite surface by performing vacuum heating.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
- the value (S) is used in order to correct the influence of the thickness of the measurement carrier (pellet) that differs between samples measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
- the zeolite used as the carrier is not particularly limited as long as it has the above range of values (S) and can exhibit denitration performance.
- a zeolite having a structure with strong acid strength such as MOR type zeolite
- a large amount of reducing agent is required.
- a zeolite having a weak acid strength such as ⁇ -type zeolite and Y-type zeolite is less reactive with the reducing agent, so that it is relatively more acidic than the MOR type.
- MFI-type zeolite having a structure with weak strength and stronger acid strength than ⁇ -type zeolite and Y-type zeolite is preferable.
- the zeolite used for the catalyst carrier according to the present invention has a characteristic that the value (S) is in the range of 1500 to 3500.
- a zeolite having such a characteristic is a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer ( By subjecting the zeolite to calcination in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen until the appropriate amount of Al—OH in the zeolite framework, represented by the value (S) obtained by measurement by FT-IR), is obtained. can get.
- the firing conditions at that time are specifically, pulverized zeolite powder, charged in a reactor, and then fired at a predetermined temperature and time in an inert atmosphere. For example, it is preferable to perform calcination for about 12 to 36 hours at 500 to 800 ° C. with a commercially available zeolite.
- the denitration catalyst metal supported on the carrier is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit the denitration performance, and examples thereof include at least one selected from Co, Bi, Ag, and Pb. Of these, Bi is a particularly preferred metal.
- the exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention is prepared by supporting the catalyst metal on the carrier.
- the catalyst metal precursor compound for example, inorganic acid salts (for example, nitrates and chlorides) and organic acid salts (for example, acetates) can be used.
- the catalyst metal is supported on a specific zeolite as a support by ion exchange.
- a catalyst metal is dissolved in a predetermined solvent, and zeolite particles having the above characteristics are added to the slurry. And stirring the slurry in a heated state, and then cooling to room temperature.
- the solvent used for such catalyst preparation is a solvent that uniformly dissolves the catalyst metal.
- ethylene glycol, acetic acid, dilute nitric acid, 2-methoxyethanol and the like are preferable solvents.
- this compound is hardly soluble in water, so it is suspended in water but the catalyst metal is supported on zeolite. Is possible.
- the exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention may have any form as long as it can contact nitrogen oxide in combustion exhaust gas and reduce it to nitrogen, for example, granular, pellet-like, honeycomb-like, wave-like small
- the shape include a piece shape and a plate shape, but can be arbitrarily selected depending on the reactor to be applied and gas flow conditions.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus (1) to which an exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention is applied.
- Corrugated base materials (2) and flat base materials (3) are alternately laminated.
- the casing (4) is filled to form a honeycomb shape.
- the honeycomb (honeycomb) -like structure generally means a structure composed of a plurality of through holes (cells) partitioned by partition walls and through which exhaust gas can flow and the partition walls.
- the cross-sectional shape is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a circular shape, an arc shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, and a hexagonal shape.
- the corrugated base material (2) and the flat base material (3) are alternately laminated and bonded to each other to form an integral structure, whereby the honeycomb structure is formed.
- the corrugated base material (2) and the flat base material (3) may be laminated without being alternately bonded, and the above FIG.
- the corrugated base material (2) and the flat base material (3) may be fixed so as not to be separated from each other by filling the casing (4).
- a corrugated base material (2) and a flat base material (3) are laminated and a casing (4) that surrounds and fixes the periphery of the base material. Form a honeycomb structure.
- the honeycomb structure as shown in FIG. 1 has a structure in which the base material is formed depending on the passage of use time during the operation of filling the casing (4) when the catalyst is supported on each base material constituting the base material or the base material before molding. This is advantageous in that it can be easily operated with separate substrate units as compared with those integrated by bonding to each other, for example, when replacing or activating the catalyst. In this respect, FIG. The configuration shown is preferred.
- the casing (4) maintains a state in which the corrugated base material (2) and the flat base material (3) are alternately laminated and processed. What is necessary is just to open both ends in order to ventilate the target flue gas, and the cross-sectional structure may have any shape, but the above-mentioned base materials can be filled easily without any gaps. In view of this, it is preferable to have a square or rectangular cross-sectional structure, that is, a rectangular tube shape.
- the casing (4) having each cylindrical shape as described above may have an integral type or a two-body type formed by combining two bodies.
- the corrugated plate-like and flat plate-like substrates (2) and (3) are pushed from either open end in a state where they are laminated together. To fill the casing (4).
- the casing (4) has a two-body type, one structure in which the corrugated and flat base materials (2) and (3) are laminated on the honeycomb structure becomes the casing (4). Since it is only necessary to connect the other structure to this after placing it on the bottom surface portion, the operation of filling each base material in the casing (4) becomes easier.
- an inorganic fiber blanket is laid on the inner surface of the casing (4).
- vibration countermeasures can be taken by the frictional force generated by the flat or corrugated base material and the inorganic fiber blanket on the inner surface of the casing (4).
- the base material may be of any material as long as it can be formed into a corrugated plate shape or the like, but preferred examples include glass paper or ceramic paper in consideration of ease of forming.
- glass paper commercially available non-woven glass paper can be used.
- general glass paper also has a surface that is difficult to mold as it is because it contains an organic binder, but this process can be achieved by adding a process for supporting an inorganic binder to the molding process. Can cover the disadvantages of the points.
- the thickness of the glass paper is preferably from 0.3 to 1.5 mm, more preferably from 0.5 to 1.2 mm, from the viewpoint that it can be easily molded and has the necessary strength. It is.
- an inorganic binder is supported along with such an exhaust gas purification catalyst.
- This inorganic binder functions to support the exhaust gas purification catalyst on the glass paper, and is used to maintain the shape of the glass paper and impart curability.
- the inorganic binder can be exemplified as a preferable one composed of at least one selected from zirconia, alumina, silica, silica alumina, and titania.
- the inorganic binder may be zirconia or alumina. preferable.
- silica sol is used as a starting material.
- an acidic type neutral or basic type can be used
- the weight ratio of zeolite, water, and silica sol as an inorganic binder is, for example, 100: 75: 46, and is adjusted to a slurry by mixing and stirring them.
- the dipping method is a method in which glass paper as a base material is immersed in the slurry for a predetermined time, and then the glass paper is pulled up, dried and fired sequentially.
- the above slurry is applied to glass paper.
- any conventionally known method may be used, and examples thereof include a so-called soaking method, a brush coating method, a spray coating method, and a dropping coating method.
- firing is performed.
- FIG. 1 As an example of a structure to which the exhaust gas treatment catalyst according to the present invention is applied, a honeycomb structure composed of a combination of two kinds of substrates carrying the exhaust gas treatment catalyst according to the present invention as described above is shown in FIG. Thus, it may consist of a small piece of such a corrugated base material.
- the width dimension per concave groove (indicated by A) and the number of repetitions in the width direction (indicated by n) ), Height dimension (indicated by B) and depth (indicated by C) all have small values.
- the width dimension (A) is, for example, 2.0 to 100 mm.
- the height dimension (B) is, for example, 1.0 to 50 mm.
- the depth dimension (C) is, for example, 3.0 to 200 mm.
- the number of repetitions (n) in the width direction is, for example, 1 to 10 times.
- the exhaust gas treatment catalyst according to the present invention is characterized in that a carrier having specific properties with respect to Al—OH is used.
- a carrier having specific properties with respect to Al—OH is used as the carrier of the exhaust gas treatment catalyst of Examples 1 to 4 below.
- the peak area (A) of the Al—OH spectrum derived from the FER type zeolite and measured by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) is A zeolite having a value (S) of 1500 to 3500 divided by the measurement carrier weight (W) was used.
- the zeolite after the above treatment is molded into pellets using a predetermined jig, and this is used as a sample.
- vacuum heating at 450 ° C. for 3 hours, moisture contained on the zeolite surface is removed, and FT-IR measurement is performed. Provided.
- FT-IR measurement was performed in the range of 1000 to 4000 cm ⁇ 1 by the transmission method, and a peak in the range of 3500 to 3700 cm ⁇ 1 was used as the peak of Al—OH.
- the carrier of the exhaust gas treatment catalyst of Comparative Example 1 had a value (S) of 1242 and a value smaller than 1500 according to the above FT-IR measurement.
- Bismuth nitrate hexahydrate 1.45 g was added to 40 g of ion-exchanged water to form a suspension, and the suspension was heated to 80 ° C. Ion exchange was performed by immersing 10 g of the zeolite in the suspension kept at this temperature for 15 hours. After the ion exchange, it was taken out from the aqueous solution, washed with 440 mL of ion exchange water, and then dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain the desired catalyst.
- Example 2 A catalyst using a FER type zeolite (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) having a value (S) of 1766 as a carrier was prepared. The preparation procedure was the same as in Example 1 except that the zeolite was changed.
- Example 3 A catalyst using a FER type zeolite (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) having a value (S) of 2323 as a carrier was prepared. The procedure for this was the same as in Example 1 except that the zeolite was changed.
- Example 4 A catalyst using a FER type zeolite (manufactured by Tosoh Corp.) having a value (S) of 3265 as a carrier was prepared. The procedure for this was the same as in Example 1 except that the zeolite was changed.
- Example 1 A catalyst using a FER type zeolite (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) having a value (S) of 1242 as a carrier was prepared. The procedure for this was the same as in Example 1 except that the zeolite was changed.
- Catalyst performance test Catalyst performance tests were performed on the catalysts of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 described above. Each of the catalysts of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 was subjected to press molding, and then the molded product was pulverized and sized to a mesh size of 26 to 16.
- Fig. 3 shows the outline of the test equipment used for the catalyst performance test.
- the granular catalyst obtained as described above was charged into a denitration reactor (11).
- the denitration reactor (11) filled with the catalyst is introduced with a test gas shown in detail in Table 1 below from the upper part, and treated with an exhaust gas treatment catalyst from the lower part. The finished gas is discharged.
- the test gas introduced into the denitration reactor (11) is prepared by mixing air, N 2 gas and NO gas in nitrogen.
- Each line for supplying these gases is provided with a valve, and the flow rate and mixing ratio of each gas are adjusted by adjusting the opening degree.
- the mixed gas is introduced into the upper part of the evaporator (12).
- the evaporator (12) is supplied with water containing a predetermined amount of reducing agent via a separate path. That is, in the water tank (14), water containing methanol as a reducing agent at a predetermined concentration is pumped up by the pump (13) and supplied to the upper part of the evaporator (12).
- the mixed gas and methanol-containing water are heated in the evaporator (12) and water and methanol are vaporized and supplied to the denitration reactor (11).
- the treated gas discharged from the denitration reactor (11) was subjected to gas analysis.
- test conditions When performing a test using the test apparatus shown in FIG. 3, the test conditions are summarized in Table 1 below.
- “Balance” in Table 1 represents that N 2 is added so that the total gas composition is 100%.
- the space velocity (SV) is the volume of gas to be treated (m 3 / h) flowing into the denitration reactor (11) by the volume occupied by the denitration reactor (11) where the catalyst is installed ( It is a value obtained by dividing by m 3 ), and if the value is large, the efficiency in contact with the catalyst is good.
- the gas analysis at the outlet of the reactor measured the outlet NOx concentration using a nitrogen oxide (NOx) meter. From the measured value with the NOx meter, the NOx removal rate, which is the NOx removal performance of the catalyst, was calculated by the following mathematical formula (1).
- Denitration rate (%) (NOxin ⁇ NOxout) / NOxin ⁇ 100 (1)
- FER type zeolite having an appropriate value (S) was used, but the zeolite was calcined in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen until the appropriate amount of Al—OH in the zeolite framework was obtained. It can also be obtained by performing processing.
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Abstract
Description
本発明による排ガス浄化触媒は、燃焼排ガス中の窒素酸化物と接触してこれを窒素に還元することができればいかなる形態を有していてもよく、例えば、粒状、ペレット状、ハニカム状、波状小片状、板状等の形態が挙げられるが、適用する反応器やガス流通条件により任意に選定することができる。
以下に、本発明による排ガス処理触媒について具体的に実施例を用いて説明し、併せて、実施例との比較のための比較例を示すが、本発明は、実施例に示すものに限定されるものではない。
本発明による排ガス処理触媒は、Al-OHに関して特定の性質を有する担体が用いられていることを特徴とする。下記実施例1~4の排ガス処理触媒の担体として、FER型ゼオライトに由来し、かつ、フーリエ変換赤外分光装置(FT-IR)で測定されるAl-OHスペクトルのピーク面積(A)を、測定担体重量(W)で除した値(S)が1500~3500であるゼオライトを用いた。
(実施例1)
値(S)が1528である、FER型ゼオライト(東ソー製)を使用した。
値(S)が1766であるFER型ゼオライト(東ソー製)を担体とする触媒を調製した。そのための調製手順は、ゼオライトを替えた以外は実施例1と同様とした。
値(S)が2323であるFER型ゼオライト(東ソー製)を担体とする触媒を調製した。そのための手順は、ゼオライトを替えた以外は実施例1と同様とした。
値(S)が3265であるFER型ゼオライト(東ソー製)を担体とする触媒を調製した。そのための手順は、ゼオライトを替えた以外は実施例1と同様とした。
値(S)が1242であるFER型ゼオライト(東ソー製)を担体とする触媒を調製した。そのための手順は、ゼオライトを替えた以外は実施例1と同様とした。
上記の実施例1~4および比較例1の各触媒について触媒性能試験を行った。上記の実施例1~4および比較例1の各触媒についてプレス成形を行い、その後に成形物を粉砕し、メッシュサイズ26から16に整粒した。
=(NOxin-NOxout)/NOxin×100…(1)
2 波板状の基材
3 平板状の基材
4 ケーシング
Claims (3)
- 燃焼排ガス中の窒素酸化物を窒素に還元して除去する燃焼排ガス浄化方法に用いられ、該燃焼排ガスには、該窒素酸化物を還元するための還元剤としてアルコールが添加される、排ガス浄化触媒であって、
該触媒は、担体と該担体に担持される脱硝触媒金属とからなり、該担体は、フーリエ変換赤外分光装置(FT-IR)で測定されるAl-OHスペクトルのピーク面積(A)を、測定担体重量(W)で除した値(S)が1500~3500であるゼオライトであることを特徴とする排ガス浄化触媒。 - 前記ゼオライトは、FER型構造を有する、請求項1に記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
- 前記脱硝触媒金属は、Biである、請求項1または2に記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
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CN201780021500.5A CN109070067A (zh) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-02-28 | 废气净化催化剂 |
EP17773995.0A EP3437736A4 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-02-28 | CATALYST FOR EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION |
US16/089,886 US20190083964A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-02-28 | Exhaust gas purification catalyst |
KR1020187025652A KR20180132623A (ko) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-02-28 | 배기가스 정화촉매 |
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EP3689441A1 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-05 | Casale Sa | Process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gas |
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