WO2017163327A1 - 無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法とクローポールモータ - Google Patents
無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法とクローポールモータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017163327A1 WO2017163327A1 PCT/JP2016/059159 JP2016059159W WO2017163327A1 WO 2017163327 A1 WO2017163327 A1 WO 2017163327A1 JP 2016059159 W JP2016059159 W JP 2016059159W WO 2017163327 A1 WO2017163327 A1 WO 2017163327A1
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- rolling
- magnetic flux
- flux density
- steel sheet
- hot rolling
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- 229910000565 Non-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 103
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 141
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 73
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 23
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/145—Stator cores with salient poles having an annular coil, e.g. of the claw-pole type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
- H02K15/022—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies with salient poles or claw-shaped poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
- H02K21/145—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having an annular armature coil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet used as an iron core material of a claw pole motor, a manufacturing method thereof, and a claw pole motor using the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the claw pole motor has been attracting attention since the positioning accuracy has improved with the development of sheet metal technology since the 1970s. In particular, it has been used as a stepping motor and an alternator for automobiles, but recently it has been increasingly applied to generators and alternators for generating regenerative power. Furthermore, the use expansion as a drive motor for EV / HEV is expected.
- a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is punched into a disk shape having claws, and the claws are bent and the core back is formed by cylindrical drawing, but has been used for a long time.
- a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is punched out as a strip-shaped blank having a plurality of claws (claw poles), and a sheet metal processed into a cylindrical shape is used. Since the claw pole motor can easily form a motor core by sheet metal processing, the claw pole motor is useful in a motor for applications in which cost reduction is important.
- the core of the claw pole motor was obtained by laminating the steel plates obtained by punching due to the influence of deterioration of magnetic properties due to distortion caused by the sheet metal processing.
- efficiency was inferior when a motor with the same output and torque was created as compared with a general motor.
- development of non-oriented electrical steel sheets or hot-rolled steel sheets whose magnetic properties are less sensitive to stress in sheet metal processing than conventional non-oriented electrical steel sheets and hot-rolled steel sheets has been demanded.
- Patent Document 1 discloses the use of a bi-directional electrical steel sheet as a split core.
- the bi-directional electrical steel sheet requires cross rolling in the manufacturing process, the productivity is inferior and the cost is high, and it is difficult to meet the severe cost reduction required for the claw pole motor.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a claw pole motor that uses a core formed by compressing magnetic powder.
- magnetic powder since magnetic powder is used as a core, it requires a direct current magnetization characteristic that the magnetic flux density becomes 1.7 Tesla or higher when a high magnetic field of 10000 A / m is applied, and compared with a non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the operating magnetic flux density decreases, and the motor torque decreases.
- it is necessary to increase the number of turns of the copper wire and there is a problem that the motor itself becomes large and the cost of the copper wire increases due to an increase in the amount of copper wire used.
- the core is a split core, it takes time to assemble the core, and the cost increases. Therefore, it is difficult to satisfy the low cost and downsizing requirements required for claw pole motors.
- a claw pole type yoke unit for sensor having the same structure as two or more excitation claw pole type yoke units is arranged adjacent to the excitation claw pole type yoke unit so as to be aligned in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
- a stepping motor is disclosed.
- this motor requires a claw pole type yoke unit for rotation sensor in addition to the claw pole type yoke unit for excitation, and it is necessary to wind a copper wire in the unit. As a result, the motor becomes large, the weight increases, and the manufacturing cost increases.
- Patent Document 4 a positioning protrusion is provided on a coil bobbin to be fitted to a positioning hole of the stator core so that the stator core and the coil bobbin are not easily displaced when the stator core having a claw pole structure and the coil bobbin are assembled.
- a stepping motor is disclosed, this is a technique related to a general method of assembling a claw pole motor, and does not realize improvement in motor characteristics, high efficiency, and miniaturization.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a single-phase claw pole type motor in which the side surface of the claw pole is parallel to the axial direction and can improve productivity. However, high efficiency and high torque of the claw pole motor are disclosed. It is not intended to reduce the size. Further, the stator having a claw pole is integrally punched, and there is a problem that the texture of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet cannot be utilized.
- Patent Document 6 has a structure in which the core is divided into three parts, a core having a claw pole facing downward in the axial direction, a core having a claw pole facing upward in the axial direction, and a core splitting the winding vertically into two
- a claw pole type motor having a structure in which a core having a claw pole sandwiches a core for dividing a winding from above and below is disclosed.
- the purpose of this motor is to ensure the cross-sectional area of the magnetic path flowing from the teeth to the claw pole, and on the premise that solid magnetic material, sintered material, or dusting material is used to increase the cross-sectional area. Therefore, it is not assumed that non-oriented electrical steel sheets are used. Further, the cross-sectional area of the core is increased in order to ensure the magnetic flux of the core, and when a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is used, there is a problem that the eddy current increases and the efficiency of the claw pole motor is significantly reduced.
- Patent Document 7 as a method for producing a cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties in two directions intersecting at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction, the slab reheating temperature is 1150 ° C. or lower and 700 ° C. or higher.
- a finishing hot rolling method in which the hot rolling start temperature is 650 ° C. or higher and 850 ° C. or lower and the hot rolling finishing temperature is 550 ° C. or higher and 800 ° C. or lower is disclosed.
- the finishing hot rolling start temperature and the hot rolling finishing temperature disclosed in Patent Document 7 are realized, the rolling reaction force applied to the hot rolling roll of the finishing hot rolling machine is increased, the wear is accelerated, and the life is shortened.
- Patent Document 8 as a method for producing a hot rolled non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties in two directions intersecting at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction, a thin slab having a thickness of 20 mm to 100 mm is used as a finishing heat.
- a finishing hot rolling method is disclosed in which the rolling start temperature is 650 ° C. or higher and 850 ° C. or lower, and the hot rolling finishing temperature is 550 ° C. or higher and 800 ° C. or lower.
- the finishing hot rolling start temperature and the hot rolling finishing temperature disclosed in Patent Document 8 are realized, the rolling reaction force applied to the hot rolling roll of the finishing hot rolling machine is increased, the wear is accelerated, and the life is shortened. At the same time, there is a problem that the life of the roller bearing is shortened due to an increased rolling reaction force.
- the general motor refers to an integral punching type induction motor, an induction motor using a split core as a stator, an integral punching type synchronous motor, a synchronous motor using a split core as a stator, and the like.
- the inventors of the present application use the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic characteristics in the direction of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction as the material of the stator core of the claw pole motor. It has been found that the maximum efficiency is higher than that in the case of producing a general motor using a steel plate with a core back and teeth and windings around the teeth. In other words, even if the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having the above characteristics is used for a motor other than the claw pole motor, the effect of improving the efficiency as applied to the claw pole motor is not exhibited.
- Patent Documents 7 and 8 mentioned above as a method for producing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties in a direction of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction, a technique of performing hot rolling at a low temperature
- Patent Documents 7 and 8 as a method for producing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties in a direction of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction, a technique of performing hot rolling at a low temperature
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can be used as a material for a stator core of a low-cost, high-efficiency, small-sized claw-pole motor while solving the problems on the facilities of the prior art. It aims at providing the claw pole motor made from the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, its manufacturing method, and the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the inventors of the present application use the same non-oriented electrical steel sheet. It has been found that the maximum efficiency is higher than that in the case of using a general motor with a core back and teeth and windings around the teeth.
- a conventional manufacturing method refers to the manufacturing method of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet by the low temperature finishing hot rolling disclosed by patent documents 7 and 8.
- the inventors of the present invention have a wider magnetic flux density range around the normal to the plate surface than the conventional manufacturing method, with a high magnetic flux density centered in the direction of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction. It was also found that a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having extremely excellent magnetic properties of being distributed by angle and having a high absolute value can be obtained.
- the sheet bar conveyed from the rough rolling mill to the finishing hot rolling machine is rolled at a temperature much higher than that of cold rolling while receiving heat removal by the hot rolling roll of the finishing hot rolling mill.
- the processing heat generation itself is suppressed.
- a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a texture or crystal structure different from the non-oriented electrical steel sheet produced by the conventional manufacturing method may be obtained.
- the inventors of the present application have also found that the effect of excellent magnetic properties in the 45 ° direction obtained by the production method according to the present invention is impaired at the rolling speed of the conventional production method.
- the technical reason is not clear, but by increasing the rolling speed, the strain rate increases, so recrystallization proceeds more than necessary during finish rolling, and it is impossible to form a texture or crystal structure with excellent magnetic properties. The reason is presumed.
- a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention is a non-oriented electrical steel sheet for a stator core of a claw pole motor, wherein a magnetic flux density in a direction forming 45 ° with respect to a rolling direction is It is a strip-shaped steel plate that is larger than the magnetic flux density in the direction and the magnetic flux density in the plate width direction, which is the direction forming 90 ° with respect to the rolling direction.
- the direction inclined at an angle of 45 ° counterclockwise of the plate surface normal to the rolling direction is inclined at an angle of 135 ° in the first direction.
- the direction is a second direction
- the direction inclined at an angle of 45 ° clockwise of the plate surface normal to the rolling direction is the third direction
- the direction inclined at an angle of 135 ° is the fourth direction
- the magnetizing force is 5000 A.
- the average value of the magnetic flux density in the first direction, the magnetic flux density in the second direction, the magnetic flux density in the third direction, and the magnetic flux density in the fourth direction at / m is expressed as B50 (45 ⁇ ave.), and when the average value of the magnetic flux density in the rolling direction and the magnetic flux density in the sheet width direction at a magnetizing force of 5000 A / m is B50 (L + C) in the unit T, the following equation (1) is established. May be. B50 (L + C) +0.020 ⁇ B50 (45-ave.) (1)
- the first direction out of directions in which an angle with respect to the rolling direction is included in a range of 0 ° to 90 ° counterclockwise of the plate surface normal line.
- the magnetic flux density in the second direction is the highest
- the magnetic flux density in the third direction is the highest
- the angle with respect to the rolling direction is the plate surface normal.
- the magnetic flux density in the fourth direction may be the highest.
- the magnetic flux density in the first direction is B45max
- the magnetic flux density in the direction in which the angle with respect to the first direction is within a range of ⁇ 10 ° around the normal to the plate surface is 0.99 ⁇ B45max or more.
- the same condition may be satisfied for each of the second direction, the third direction, and the fourth direction.
- the finish hot rolling start temperature is 800 ° C. or higher and 1150 ° C. or lower, with respect to the sheet bar obtained by rough rolling the slab.
- the manufacturing method of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to another aspect of the present invention is such that the finish hot rolling start temperature is 800 ° C. or higher and 1150 ° C. or lower, with respect to the sheet bar obtained by rough rolling the slab.
- a claw pole motor according to an aspect of the present invention is a claw pole motor using the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (3) as a stator core,
- the stator core is formed by a strip-shaped blank that is punched so that the direction thereof forms an angle of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the non-directional electromagnetic suitable for manufacturing a low-cost, excellent magnetic property, high-efficiency, small-sized claw pole motor while solving the problems on the facilities of the prior art A claw pole motor made from the steel sheet, its manufacturing method, and its non-oriented electrical steel sheet can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the punching example of the strip
- FIG. 6B is a completed view of the stator manufactured by the process shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. It is a perspective view which shows the processing state following FIG. 6C. It is an external appearance perspective view of the completed claw pole motor. It is an external perspective view of a claw pole motor equipped with an outer plate. It is a graph which makes a horizontal axis the angle with respect to a rolling direction, and makes ratio of the magnetic flux density of each angle direction with respect to the magnetic flux density (maximum magnetic flux density) of a 45 degree direction a vertical axis
- shaft is a graph which makes a horizontal axis the angle with respect to a rolling direction, and makes ratio of the magnetic flux density of each angle direction with respect to the magnetic flux density (maximum magnetic flux density) of a 45 degree direction a vertical axis
- shaft is a graph which makes a horizontal axis the angle with respect to a rolling direction, and makes ratio of the magnetic flux density of each angle direction with respect to the magnetic flux density (maximum magnetic flux density
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic flux density in the direction forming 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction L in the plate surface is the magnetic flux density in the rolling direction L and rolling.
- the first direction D1 is a direction inclined at an angle of 45 ° counterclockwise of the plate surface normal P (axis perpendicular to the plate surface) with respect to the rolling direction L.
- the direction inclined at an angle of 135 ° is defined as a second direction D2.
- a direction inclined at an angle of 45 ° clockwise with respect to the rolling direction L with respect to the plate surface normal P is a third direction D3, and a direction inclined at an angle of 135 ° is a fourth direction D4.
- the counterclockwise rotation of the plate surface normal P may be a positive direction and the clockwise rotation of the plate surface normal P may be a negative direction, and the angle may be given a positive or negative sign (see FIG. 1).
- Said 1st direction D1, 2nd direction D2, 3rd direction D3, and 4th direction D4 are directions which respectively make 45 degrees with respect to rolling direction L in a plate
- the magnetic flux densities in the first direction D1, the second direction D2, the third direction D3, and the fourth direction D4 are the magnetic flux density in the rolling direction L and the sheet width direction C, respectively. It is larger than the magnetic flux density.
- the average value of the magnetic flux density in the first direction D1, the magnetic flux density in the second direction D2, the magnetic flux density in the third direction D3, and the magnetic flux density in the fourth direction D4 at a magnetizing force of 5000 A / m is expressed by the unit T (Tesla). ) To B50 (45-ave.). Further, the average value of the magnetic flux density in the rolling direction L and the magnetic flux density in the sheet width direction C at a magnetizing force of 5000 A / m is defined as B50 (L + C) in the unit T (tesla). In this case, in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to the present embodiment, the following expression (1) is preferably satisfied. B50 (L + C) +0.020 ⁇ B50 (45-ave.) (1)
- the Epstein measurement value is used as the measurement value of the magnetic flux density. Further, when measuring the magnetic flux density in each direction at a magnetizing force of 5000 A / m with an SST (magnetic tester), samples cut in each direction are used and the average value of the same number is taken.
- the magnetic flux density in the first direction D1 is preferably the highest.
- the magnetic flux density in the first direction D1 is B45max
- the magnetic flux density in the direction in which the angle with respect to the first direction D1 is within a range of ⁇ 10 ° around the plate surface normal P is 0.99 ⁇ B45max or more.
- the magnetic flux density in the first direction D1 that maximizes the magnetic flux density is higher than the magnetic flux density in the first direction D1 protruding and high. It is preferable that the distribution of the magnetic flux density has a certain width with respect to an angle range centered on + 45 ° (see FIG. 10 described later). More preferably, the magnetic flux density in a direction in which the angle with respect to the first direction D1 is within a range of ⁇ 15 ° around the plate normal P is 0.99 ⁇ B45max or more.
- the direction in which the angle with respect to the rolling direction L is included in the range of 90 ° to 180 ° counterclockwise of the plate surface normal P (that is, this direction also includes the rolling direction L and the plate width direction C).
- the magnetic flux density in the second direction D2 is preferably the highest.
- the second direction D2 also preferably satisfies the same condition as the first direction D1. That is, when the magnetic flux density in the second direction D2 is B135max, the magnetic flux density in the direction in which the angle with respect to the second direction D2 is within a range of ⁇ 10 ° around the plate surface normal P is 0.99 ⁇ B135max or more. It is preferable to satisfy the condition of being. More preferably, the magnetic flux density in a direction in which the angle with respect to the second direction D2 is within a range of ⁇ 15 ° around the plate normal P is 0.99 ⁇ B135max or more.
- the magnetic flux density in the third direction D3 is preferably the highest. It is preferable that the third direction D3 also satisfies the same condition as the first direction D1. That is, when the magnetic flux density in the third direction D3 is B45max ′, the magnetic flux density in the direction in which the angle with respect to the third direction D3 is within the range of ⁇ 10 ° around the plate normal P is 0.99 ⁇ B45max ′. It is preferable to satisfy the above condition. More preferably, the magnetic flux density in a direction in which the angle with respect to the third direction D3 is within a range of ⁇ 15 ° around the plate normal P is 0.99 ⁇ B45max ′ or more.
- the magnetic flux density in the fourth direction D4 is the highest.
- the fourth direction D4 also preferably satisfies the same condition as the first direction D1. That is, when the magnetic flux density in the fourth direction D4 is B135max ′, the magnetic flux density in the direction in which the angle with respect to the fourth direction D4 is within a range of ⁇ 10 ° around the plate surface normal P is 0.99 ⁇ B135max ′. It is preferable to satisfy the above condition. More preferably, the magnetic flux density in a direction in which the angle with respect to the fourth direction D4 is within a range of ⁇ 15 ° around the plate normal P is 0.99 ⁇ B135max ′ or more.
- the magnetic flux density in the direction (first direction D1, second direction D2, third direction D3, and fourth direction D4) forming 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction L is larger than the magnetic flux density in the rolling direction L and the sheet width direction C.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 having the characteristics described above is manufactured by controlling hot rolling and cold rolling as described later. In the manufacturing process of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1, it is important to control the hot rolling conditions, and the control of the annealing process is not particularly limited. By using such a non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 as a stator core of a claw pole motor, the characteristics of this non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 are utilized to the maximum, and the efficiency of the claw pole motor can be greatly improved.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 having the above characteristics can greatly improve the efficiency of the claw pole motor, and the conventional bidirectional magnetic steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties in the rolling direction and the plate width direction, or the magnetic properties in the entire circumferential direction.
- the reason why such an effect does not occur in the case of excellent non-oriented electrical steel sheets and hot-rolled steel sheets is presumed as follows.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 having the above-described characteristics reduces the amount of residual strain introduced into the steel sheet during sheet metal processing for some reason whether the texture is improved or the crystal structure is improved. This is probably because the flow of magnetic flux in the core of the pole motor has been greatly improved. According to the study by the present inventors, it is clear that this effect is remarkable in a claw pole motor using a claw pole motor core having a core bending radius R of 10 mm or less or bent at a substantially right angle. ing.
- the hot rolling finishing temperature is 750 ° C. with respect to the sheet bar obtained by roughly rolling the slab in the hot rolling process. It is manufactured by performing hot rolling so as to be less than that, and then cold rolling the hot-rolled steel sheet obtained from the hot rolling process with a reduction ratio exceeding 87% in the cold rolling process.
- the finish hot rolling start temperature in the hot rolling step is 800 ° C or higher and 1150 ° C or lower, more preferably 900 ° C or higher and 1050 ° C or lower. preferable.
- the hot rolling finishing temperature it is preferably 500 ° C.
- the rolling speed in the hot rolling process is 300 m / min or less, more preferably 200 m / min or less, at the final stand exit side speed of the finishing hot rolling machine. From the viewpoint of productivity, it is preferably 20 m / min or more.
- the hot rolling finishing temperature is higher than the sheet bar obtained by rough rolling the slab.
- Hot rolling is performed under conditions of 800 ° C. or lower and 650 ° C. or higher and a finish hot rolling reduction rate of 94% or higher, and recrystallization of the hot rolled steel sheet is suppressed at low temperature finishing.
- the finish hot rolling reduction it is preferably 98.5% or less from the viewpoint of productivity. Thereby, a texture having excellent magnetic properties in the 45 ° direction with respect to the rolling direction is formed.
- the finish hot rolling start temperature is preferably 800 ° C. or higher and 1150 ° C. or lower, more preferably 900 ° C. or higher and 1050 ° C. or lower. If the hot rolling finishing temperature is too low, the magnetic properties are reduced by residual stress, so the lower limit is preferably 650 ° C. If the hot rolling finishing temperature is too high, recrystallization occurs in the hot rolled steel sheet after passing through the final stand of the finishing hot rolling machine, and a desired texture cannot be obtained. Therefore, the upper limit is set to 800 ° C.
- the rolling speed is preferably 300 m / min or less, more preferably 200 m / min or less at the final stand exit side speed of the finishing hot rolling apparatus. From the viewpoint of productivity, it is preferably 20 m / min or more.
- Lubricating hot rolling may be performed in which 0.5 to 20% of the oil and fat emulsion is mixed in the cooling water of the hot rolling roll.
- the manufacturing method of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 after slab heating, rough rolling to the sheet bar is performed, finish hot rolling is performed at a low speed, and finishing is performed at a low temperature.
- finish hot rolling is performed at a low temperature is difficult with the current rough rolling mill because the material thickness of the material to be rolled is large, so that rough hot rolling is performed at a temperature range of 800 ° C. to 1250 ° C., which is a conventional temperature range of known technology.
- rough rolling is performed in a temperature range of 850 ° C. or higher and 1050 ° C. or lower.
- finishing hot rolling in order to lower the hot rolling finishing temperature, the finishing hot rolling start temperature is lowered, or the finishing hot rolling start temperature is controlled to various levels during finishing hot rolling by the same level as the conventional known technology. There are two ways of cooling.
- the finish hot rolling start temperature when the finish hot rolling start temperature is lowered, it is necessary to uniformly lower the sheet bar after the rough rolling to a predetermined temperature, and as a method thereof, a thin slab is used, and after the rough rolling, the tunnel is tunneled.
- the method of winding up in a furnace or a coil box furnace and maintaining soaking is mentioned.
- this cooling is usually performed at 200 ° C. or higher, it is necessary to cool the thick sheet bar in a short time.
- the sheet bar in order to start the finish hot rolling at a low temperature, the sheet bar is cooled by brackish water, or contact heat transfer cooling by a dedicated cooling roll, or a combination of these is predetermined. Finishing hot rolling may be started by cooling to a temperature of.
- the magnetic flux density in the direction included in the range of ⁇ 10 ° ( ⁇ 15 ° in the case of better magnetic properties) around the plate surface normal P around each center is 0.99 of the maximum magnetic flux density in each central angle direction. It becomes possible to obtain the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 having a magnetic property that is double or more and excellent in magnetic properties.
- the rolling speed is 300 m / min or less, more preferably 200 m / min or less at the final stand exit side of the finishing hot rolling machine, and productivity is preferably reduced. From the viewpoint, 20 m / min or more is preferable. For this reason, it is desirable to make the temperature distribution in the plate width direction C uniform by controlling the cooling between the stands in the finishing hot rolling machine as necessary. In addition, since the finish rolling speed is low, it is desirable to perform controlled hot rolling that maintains a uniform temperature distribution in the coil longitudinal direction from the front end portion to the rear end portion of the finish hot rolled coil.
- a bar heater is installed between the rear surface of the rough rolling mill, the front surface of the finishing hot rolling mill, or the stand of the finishing hot rolling mill, and temperature compensation in the coil width direction and the longitudinal direction is performed as necessary.
- finishing hot rolling cooling in order to compensate for the temperature of the hot-rolled plate edge, where the temperature is likely to decrease during low-speed hot rolling, different cooling methods are realized in the plate width direction by different cooling methods in the plate width direction.
- the finish hot rolling roll is appropriately cooled and cooled by contact with the roll as necessary. Since it is difficult to provide a temperature deviation in the roll width direction from the viewpoint of the lifetime, it is preferable to perform cooling compensation in the plate width direction between the stands and to perform cooling control by heat removal from the roll in the longitudinal direction of the steel plate.
- the component of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 which concerns on this embodiment, if it is a normal non-oriented electrical steel sheet, there will be no restriction
- examples of components preferable from the viewpoint of securing general magnetic properties of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 will be described below.
- the component system of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having the texture intended by the present invention is not limited by these components.
- the component of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to the present embodiment is mass%, 0.1 ⁇ Si ⁇ 6.5 0.1 ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.5 Al addition is not essential, but when adding 0.1 ⁇ Al ⁇ 2.5, C ⁇ 0.003 N ⁇ 0.003 S ⁇ 0.003 A component consisting of the remaining Fe and inevitable impurities is used.
- Si, Mn, and Al are less than 0.1%, the electrical resistivity is not increased sufficiently when added to the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1, and the desired low iron loss cannot be obtained. % Or more is preferably added. If the Si addition amount exceeds 6.5%, the hot and cold rollability deteriorates, and therefore it is preferably 6.5% or less. When the amount of Mn added exceeds 1.5%, the effect of improving the texture due to the addition effect becomes saturated and uneconomical, so it is preferably 1.5% or less.
- the addition of Al is not essential, and when the Al addition amount exceeds 2.5%, the hysteresis loss increases and the effect of improving the iron loss in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 with high electrical resistivity is saturated. It is preferable to control the addition amount below.
- the C content exceeds 0.003%, there is a problem that the value of iron loss increases due to magnetic aging during use of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1, so the C content is 0.003% or less. Is preferred.
- the N content exceeds 0.003%, fine various nitrides are formed in the steel, which hinders the grain growth of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 and prevents the domain wall from moving, both of which increase iron loss. Therefore, the N content is preferably 0.003% or less.
- the S content exceeds 0.003%, the sulfide is dissolved during slab heating and finely precipitated during finish hot rolling, which may hinder crystal grain growth of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 or a domain wall. Therefore, it is preferable that the S content is 0.003% or less.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of punching from a steel plate of a strip blank forming a stator core of a claw pole motor.
- the steel plate 1 is a non-oriented electrical steel plate in which the magnetic flux density in the direction forming 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction L is larger than the magnetic flux density in the rolling direction L and the magnetic flux density in the plate width direction C.
- the strip blank 2 is punched at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction L of the steel plate 1.
- the strip blank 2 has claw poles 12 having a plurality of, for example, 12 poles or 24 poles, respectively, on both sides in the width direction of the strip-shaped core back portion 11 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the core back portion 11.
- the strip blank 2 is formed as a core back portion. It will have excellent magnetic properties in both the 11 longitudinal direction and the claw pole 12 direction.
- the strip blank 2 is integrally processed to form a stator core of a claw pole motor.
- FIG. 3 to 9 show a procedure for manufacturing a claw pole motor from the strip blank 2 punched out as shown in FIG. The outline of the claw pole motor manufacturing procedure will be described below.
- the strip blank 2 punched at an angle of 45 ° from the steel plate 1 has excellent magnetic properties in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3, that is, the longitudinal direction of the core back portion 11 and the claw pole 12 direction. Yes.
- This strip-shaped blank 2 is formed into a cylindrical shape by sheet metal processing as shown in FIG. 4, and further, as shown in FIG. 5, the claw pole 12 shown on the upper side in FIG. Fold and insert the coil 21 from below.
- the coil 21 is inserted into a space formed between the core back portion 11 and the claw pole 12 by bending the claw pole 12 from the core back portion 11 at a substantially right angle as shown in FIG. 6C, the claw pole 12 on the opposite side (the lower side in FIGS.
- each work may be performed with each member upside down.
- stator 31 of the claw pole motor is completed.
- the permanent magnet type rotor 22 is inserted into the stator 31 to complete the outer stator type claw pole motor 32 shown in FIG. To do.
- the outer plate 23 is attached and used as the claw pole motor 32.
- the direction of the core back portion 11 of the stator 31 is a certain direction of the steel plate 1 as a material
- Both the core back part 11 and the claw pole 12 utilize a direction that forms an angle of 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction L, which is a direction excellent in the magnetic properties of the steel sheet 1.
- the efficiency of the claw pole motor is significantly improved by using the one formed from the strip blank 2 as a stator core of the claw pole motor.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to the present embodiment can be manufactured by a simpler method than the bi-directional electrical steel sheet, the cost can be significantly reduced as compared with the case of using the bi-directional electrical steel sheet.
- the core can be punched by integral punching, the core manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- a high magnetic flux density can be obtained with a low magnetic field, the amount of copper wire required as an excitation winding can be reduced, and the core does not need to be divided, so that the manufacturing cost can also be reduced. That is, the claw pole motor can be reduced in size, increased in torque, and improved in efficiency at low cost.
- Example 1 Steels 1 to 3 having the components shown in Table 1 were melted to form a slab having a thickness of 200 mm by continuous casting, and this was heated to 1100 ° C. to obtain a sheet bar having a thickness of 40 mm by rough rolling.
- finishing hot rolling start temperature F0T was variously set as shown in Table 2, and finish rolling was performed to obtain a 2.0 mm hot rolled steel sheet.
- the bar was cooled by brackish water cooling and a dedicated cooling roll, and a bar heater was used to compensate the temperature.
- the rolling speed on the final stand exit side of the finishing hot rolling machine was set to 100 m / min or more and 250 m / min to control the hot rolling finishing temperature.
- a bar heater installed between the stands was used in combination with cooling between the stands so that the hot rolling finishing temperature was uniform. Furthermore, this was pickled, and after performing cold rolling with various cold rolling rates set, finish annealing was performed.
- the finish annealing conditions were as follows: Steel 1 was 750 ° C. and 30 seconds, Steel 2 was 950 ° C. and 20 seconds, and Steel 3 was 1050 ° C. and 20 seconds. Thereafter, B50 (45-ave.) And B50 (L + C) of each steel plate were measured.
- FOT and a cold rolling rate the numerical value outside the range of this invention when manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet by cold rolling was underlined.
- Example 2 Steels having the components shown in Table 3 were melted to form a slab having a thickness of 200 mm by continuous casting, and this was heated to 1100 ° C. to obtain a sheet bar having a thickness of 20 mm by rough rolling.
- the sheet bar was subjected to finish rolling with various hot rolling finishing temperatures FT and rolling reductions as shown in Table 4.
- the finishing hot rolling start temperature was set to 950 ° C.
- the rolling speed on the final stand exit side of the finishing hot rolling machine was set to 150 m / min to 300 m / min in order to adjust the hot rolling finishing temperature.
- the temperature was controlled by a bar heater installed before the finished hot rolled machine and between the finished hot rolled machines.
- controlled cooling in the plate width direction and the longitudinal direction was performed between the finishing hot rolling stands.
- the rolling roll temperature was controlled by controlling the heat removal by the roll by controlling the cooling of the rolling roll.
- B50 (L + C) and B50 (45-ave.) Were measured.
- the numerical value outside the range of this invention when manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet by hot rolling was underlined.
- Example 3 Steels having the components shown in Table 5 were melted to form a slab having a thickness of 200 mm by continuous casting, and this was heated to 1100 ° C. to obtain a sheet bar having a thickness of 20 mm by rough rolling.
- the sheet bar was subjected to finish rolling at a constant hot rolling rate of 96% and a hot rolling finishing temperature of 3 levels as shown in Table 6.
- the finishing hot rolling start temperature was 900 ° C.
- the rolling speed on the final stand exit side of the finishing hot rolling machine was 100 m / min to 200 m / min to adjust the hot rolling finishing temperature.
- the finishing hot rolling start temperature was set to 950 ° C.
- the rolling speed on the exit side of the final stand of the finishing hot rolling machine was set to 150 m / min to 300 m / min in order to adjust the hot rolling finishing temperature.
- the temperature was controlled by a bar heater and an edge heater installed between the finished hot rolled machines.
- controlled cooling in the plate width direction and the longitudinal direction was performed between the finishing hot rolling stands.
- the rolling roll temperature was controlled by controlling the heat removal by the roll by controlling the cooling of the rolling roll.
- a claw pole motor was prepared using the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet. The radius R of sheet metal bending when creating the claw pole motor was 7 mm.
- Example 4 Steels having the components shown in Table 7 were melted to form a slab having a thickness of 200 mm by continuous casting, and this was heated to 1100 ° C. to obtain a sheet bar having a thickness of 20 mm by rough rolling.
- the hot rolling rate is constant at 95%, and as an example of the present invention, the hot rolling finish temperature is set to 730 ° C., and the hot rolling steel plate is excellent in magnetic properties in the 45 ° direction from the rolling direction.
- X and a comparative example two types of hot-rolled steel sheets were obtained: a general non-oriented hot-rolled steel sheet Y having a hot rolling finishing temperature of 860 ° C. and not having excellent magnetic properties in the 45 ° direction from the rolling direction.
- the finish hot rolling start temperature was 920 ° C.
- the final stand passage speed was 110 m / min.
- controlled cooling between stands and edge heaters and bar heaters installed between the stands were used.
- the finishing hot rolling start temperature was set to 920 ° C.
- the passing speed of the final stand was set to 400 m / min
- the hot rolling finishing temperature was set to 730 ° C.
- a comparative material was simultaneously produced by finish hot rolling. This is referred to as Steel 10-Z.
- Other hot rolling conditions other than the hot rolling finishing temperature were the same as those of Steel 10-X by cooling control. However, in Steel 10-Z, the controlled cooling during finish hot rolling was strengthened, and a hot rolling finish temperature equivalent to Steel 10-X was obtained.
- FIG. 10 shows the result of calculating the relative ratio value of the magnetic flux density B50 of the sample at each angle with these values being 1.000.
- the magnetic flux density of the present invention showed a higher value.
- the average value in four directions forming ⁇ 45 ° and ⁇ 135 ° with respect to the rolling direction is displayed as 45 ° on the horizontal axis.
- the average value of the samples having an angle in two directions inclined by ⁇ other than ⁇ 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction is displayed on the horizontal axis as ⁇ .
- the horizontal axis represents the rolling direction as 0 ° and the plate width direction as 90 °.
- B45max (steel 10-Z) of the comparative example is less than 0.99 times in the angle range of 40 ° to 50 ° on the horizontal axis that is ⁇ 5 ° centered on 45 °, and ⁇ 10 In the angle range of 35 ° to 55 ° on the horizontal axis, which is °, it is less than 0.98 times, and the magnetic flux density B50 decreases in a direction deviating from the direction of 45 ° indicating the maximum value of the magnetic flux density. It is remarkable.
- the steel 10-X of the present invention has a low B50 value in all measurement directions.
- the magnetic flux density B45max (steel 10-X) of the present invention was 1.841T. Accordingly, the inventors of the present invention confirmed that the value of the magnetic flux density B50 is higher in all measurement directions than that of the steel 10-Y of the comparative example in the steel 10-X of the present invention based on FIG. did.
- the present invention can be applied as a stator core for a small motor, a stepping motor, an alternator, a generator, and a drive motor for an electric vehicle or a hybrid car. Moreover, it can apply as a non-oriented electrical steel sheet for iron core use.
- Non-oriented electrical steel sheet 2 Strip-shaped blank 11 Core back part 12 Claw pole 21 Coil 31 Stator 32 Claw pole motor L Rolling direction C Sheet width direction D1 1st direction (direction which makes 45 degrees with respect to a rolling direction) D2 second direction (direction forming 45 ° with respect to the rolling direction) D3 3rd direction (direction which forms 45 degrees with respect to rolling direction) D4 4th direction (direction forming 45 ° with respect to rolling direction)
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、特許文献7に開示された仕上熱延開始温度および熱延仕上温度を実現する場合、仕上熱延機の熱延ロールにかかる圧延反力が増加し、その磨耗が早くなり、寿命が短くなるとともに、ロールのベアリングの寿命も増加した圧延反力のために短くなる課題があった。
さらに、仕上熱延に先立って行われる粗圧延において、スラブ再加熱温度を低温化すると、通常の連続鋳造で製造されるスラブでは、その圧延反力が粗圧延機の能力をもってしても過大となり、所定の板厚のシートバーに圧延することが困難となる課題があった。
しかしながら、特許文献8に開示された仕上熱延開始温度および熱延仕上温度を実現する場合、仕上熱延機の熱延ロールにかかる圧延反力が増加し、その磨耗が早くなり、寿命が短くなるとともに、ロールのベアリングの寿命も増加した圧延反力のために短くなる課題があった。
なお、本明細書において、一般モータとは、一体打抜き型の誘導モータ、ステータに分割コアを用いた誘導モータ、一体打抜き型の同期モータ、ステータに分割コアを用いた同期モータなどを指す。
(1)本発明の一態様に係る無方向性電磁鋼板は、クローポールモータのステータコア用の無方向性電磁鋼板であって、圧延方向に対して45°を成す方向の磁束密度が、前記圧延方向の磁束密度および前記圧延方向に対して90°を成す方向である板幅方向の磁束密度よりも大きい帯状の鋼板である。
B50(L+C)+0.020<B50(45-ave.) ・・・(1)
この場合、前記第1方向の磁束密度をB45maxとしたとき、前記第1方向に対する角度が前記板面法線回りに±10°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B45max以上であるという条件を満たし、前記第2方向、前記第3方向及び前記第4方向のそれぞれについても同条件を満たしてもよい。
B50(L+C)+0.020<B50(45-ave.) …(1)
つまり、圧延方向Lに対する角度が0°~+90°の範囲に含まれる方向のうち、第1方向D1の磁束密度が突出して高いというよりも、磁束密度が最大となる第1方向D1の角度(+45°)を中心とする角度範囲に対して磁束密度の分布が一定の幅を有していることが好ましい(後述の図10参照)。より好ましくは、第1方向D1に対する角度が板面法線P回りに±15°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B45max以上である。
すなわち、第2方向D2の磁束密度をB135maxとしたとき、第2方向D2に対する角度が板面法線P回りに±10°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B135max以上であるという条件を満たすことが好ましい。より好ましくは、第2方向D2に対する角度が板面法線P回りに±15°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B135max以上である。
すなわち、第3方向D3の磁束密度をB45max’としたとき、第3方向D3に対する角度が板面法線P回りに±10°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B45max’以上であるという条件を満たすことが好ましい。より好ましくは、第3方向D3に対する角度が板面法線P回りに±15°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B45max’以上である。
すなわち、第4方向D4の磁束密度をB135max’としたとき、第4方向D4に対する角度が板面法線P回りに±10°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B135max’以上であるという条件を満たすことが好ましい。より好ましくは、第4方向D4に対する角度が板面法線P回りに±15°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B135max’以上である。
なお、熱延ロールの冷却水に体積比で0.5~20%の油脂エマルジョンを混入する潤滑熱延を行ってもよい。
0.1≦Si≦6.5
0.1≦Mn≦1.5
とし、Al添加は必須ではないが添加する場合は0.1≦Al≦2.5とし、
C≦0.003
N≦0.003
S≦0.003
残部Feおよび不可避不純物からなる成分とする。
なお、作業性の改善もしくはその他の目的のために、図6A、図6B及び図6Cの工程では各部材の上下を逆にした状態で各作業を行ってもよい。
表1に示す成分の鋼1~3を溶製して連続鋳造で200mm厚のスラブとし、これを1100℃に加熱して、粗圧延にて40mm厚のシートバーとした。このシートバーに対して、仕上熱延開始温度F0Tを表2に示すように各種設定して仕上圧延を行い、2.0mmの熱延鋼板とした。粗圧延後のシートバーの温度を制御するため、汽水冷却および、専用の冷却ロールによりシートバーを冷却し、温度を補償するためバーヒータを使用した。また、仕上熱延機の最終スタンド出側の圧延速度は100m/分以上250m/分として熱延仕上温度を制御した。熱延仕上温度が均一となるように、スタンド間に設置したバーヒータをスタンド間の冷却と併用した。さらにこれを酸洗し、冷延率を各種設定して冷間圧延を行った後、仕上焼鈍を施した。仕上焼鈍条件は、鋼1は750℃、30秒、鋼2は950℃、20秒、鋼3は1050℃、20秒とした。その後、それぞれの鋼板のB50(45-ave.)とB50(L+C)とを測定した。なお、FOTおよび冷延率において、無方向性電磁鋼板を冷間圧延により製造する場合の本発明の範囲外の数値には下線を付した。
表3に示す成分の鋼を溶製して連続鋳造で200mm厚のスラブとし、これを1100℃に加熱して粗圧延にて20mm厚のシートバーとした。このシートバーに対して、熱延仕上温度FTおよび圧下率を表4に示すように各種設定して仕上圧延を行った。その際、仕上熱延開始温度は950℃とし、熱延仕上温度を調整するため、仕上熱延機の最終スタンド出側の圧延速度は150m/分~300m/分とした。仕上熱延板の温度分布を板幅方向、長手方向に均一とするため、仕上熱延機前および仕上熱延機間に設置したバーヒータにより温度を制御した。また、仕上熱延スタンド間において板幅方向および長手方向の制御冷却を行った。仕上熱延温度制御のために鋼板に直接冷却水を噴霧するだけでなく、圧延ロールの冷却を制御して、ロールによる抜熱制御により熱延仕上温度を制御した。この熱延鋼板を用いて、B50(L+C)とB50(45-ave.)とを測定した。なお、FTおよび圧下率において、無方向性電磁鋼板を熱間圧延により製造する場合の本発明の範囲外の数値には下線を付した。
表5に示す成分の鋼を溶製して連続鋳造で200mm厚のスラブとし、これを1100℃に加熱して粗圧延にて20mm厚のシートバーとした。このシートバーに対して、熱間圧延率を96%で一定とし、熱延仕上温度を表6に示すように3水準として仕上圧延を行った。その際、仕上熱延開始温度は900℃とし、仕上熱延機の最終スタンド出側の圧延速度は100m/分~200m/分として熱延仕上温度を調整した。その際、仕上熱延開始温度は950℃とし、熱延仕上温度を調整するため、仕上熱延機の最終スタンドの出側の圧延速度は150m/分~300m/分とした。仕上熱延板の温度分布を板幅方向、長手方向に均一とするため、仕上熱延機間に設置したバーヒータ、エッジヒータにより温度を制御した。また、仕上熱延スタンド間において板幅方向および長手方向の制御冷却を行った。仕上熱延温度制御のために鋼板に直接冷却水を噴霧するだけでなく、圧延ロールの冷却を制御して、ロールによる抜熱制御により熱延仕上温度を制御した。得られた熱延鋼板を用いて、クローポールモータを作成した。クローポールモータ作成時の板金曲げ加工の半径Rは7mmとした。
表7に示す成分の鋼を溶製して連続鋳造で200mm厚のスラブとし、これを1100℃に加熱して粗圧延にて20mm厚のシートバーとした。このシートバーに対して、熱間圧延率を95%で一定とし、本発明例として、熱延仕上温度を730℃として仕上圧延を行い、圧延方向から45°方向の磁気特性が優れる熱延鋼板Xと、比較例として、熱延仕上温度を860℃とし、圧延方向から45°方向の磁気特性が優れるものではない一般の無方向性熱延鋼板Yの2種類の熱延鋼板を得た。仕上熱延の際、仕上熱延開始温度を920℃とし、最終スタンド通過速度は110m/分とした。熱延仕上温度を制御するため、スタンド間の制御冷却および、スタンド間に設置したエッジヒータおよびバーヒータを使用した。また、電磁鋼板の磁束密度の角度特性を比較するため、鋼10を用い、仕上熱延開始温度を920℃とし、最終スタンドの通過速度を400m/分とし、熱延仕上温度を730℃とした比較材を同時に仕上熱延により製造した。これを鋼10-Zと称する。熱延仕上温度以外のその他の熱延条件は冷却制御により鋼10-Xと同一とした。ただし、鋼10-Zでは、仕上熱延中の制御冷却を強化し、鋼10-Xと同等の熱延仕上温度を得た。
2 帯状ブランク
11 コアバック部
12 クローポール
21 コイル
31 ステータ
32 クローポールモータ
L 圧延方向
C 板幅方向
D1 第1方向(圧延方向に対して45°を成す方向)
D2 第2方向(圧延方向に対して45°を成す方向)
D3 第3方向(圧延方向に対して45°を成す方向)
D4 第4方向(圧延方向に対して45°を成す方向)
Claims (6)
- クローポールモータのステータコア用の無方向性電磁鋼板であって、
圧延方向に対して45°を成す方向の磁束密度が、前記圧延方向の磁束密度および前記圧延方向に対して90°を成す方向である板幅方向の磁束密度よりも大きい帯状の鋼板であることを特徴とする、無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記圧延方向に対して板面法線の反時計回りに45°の角度で傾く方向を第1方向、135°の角度で傾く方向を第2方向とし、
前記圧延方向に対して前記板面法線の時計回りに45°の角度で傾く方向を第3方向、135°の角度で傾く方向を第4方向とし、
磁化力5000A/mにおける、前記第1方向の磁束密度と、前記第2方向の磁束密度と、前記第3方向の磁束密度と、前記第4方向の磁束密度との平均値を単位TでB50(45-ave.)とし、
磁化力5000A/mにおける、前記圧延方向の磁束密度と、前記板幅方向の磁束密度との平均値を単位TでB50(L+C)としたとき、
下記(1)式が成立することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
B50(L+C)+0.020<B50(45-ave.) ・・・(1) - 前記圧延方向に対する角度が前記板面法線の反時計回りに0°~90°の範囲に含まれる方向のうち、前記第1方向の磁束密度が最も高く、
前記圧延方向に対する角度が前記板面法線の反時計回りに90°~180°の範囲に含まれる方向のうち、前記第2方向の磁束密度が最も高く、
前記圧延方向に対する角度が前記板面法線の時計回りに0°~90°の範囲に含まれる方向のうち、前記第3方向の磁束密度が最も高く、
前記圧延方向に対する角度が前記板面法線の時計回りに90°~180°の範囲に含まれる方向のうち、前記第4方向の磁束密度が最も高く、
前記第1方向の磁束密度をB45maxとしたとき、前記第1方向に対する角度が前記板面法線回りに±10°の範囲に含まれる方向の磁束密度が、0.99×B45max以上であるという条件を満たし、
前記第2方向、前記第3方向及び前記第4方向のそれぞれについても同条件を満たすことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - スラブを粗圧延することで得られたシートバーに対して、仕上熱延開始温度が800℃以上1150℃以下、熱延仕上温度が750℃未満、及び仕上熱延機の最終スタンド出側の圧延速度が300m/分以下という条件下で熱間圧延を行う熱間圧延工程と;
前記熱間圧延工程から得られた熱延鋼板に対して、圧下率87%超で冷間圧延を行う冷間圧延工程と;
を有することを特徴とする無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - スラブを粗圧延することで得られたシートバーに対して、仕上熱延開始温度が800℃以上1150℃以下、熱延仕上温度が800℃以下、仕上熱延圧下率が94%以上、及び仕上熱延機の最終スタンド出側の圧延速度が300m/分以下という条件下で熱間圧延を行う熱間圧延工程を有することを特徴とする無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板をステータコアとして用いたクローポールモータであって、
クローポールの向きが前記無方向性電磁鋼板の圧延方向に対して45°の角度を成すように打ち抜いた帯状ブランクによってステータコアを形成したことを特徴とする、クローポールモータ。
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