WO2017141935A1 - 光学的立体造形用組成物 - Google Patents
光学的立体造形用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017141935A1 WO2017141935A1 PCT/JP2017/005413 JP2017005413W WO2017141935A1 WO 2017141935 A1 WO2017141935 A1 WO 2017141935A1 JP 2017005413 W JP2017005413 W JP 2017005413W WO 2017141935 A1 WO2017141935 A1 WO 2017141935A1
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- 0 *C(CC1)*CC1=C=C* Chemical compound *C(CC1)*CC1=C=C* 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/42—Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or low molecular weight esters thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0037—Production of three-dimensional images
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
- G03F7/029—Inorganic compounds; Onium compounds; Organic compounds having hetero atoms other than oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
- G03F7/033—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
- G03F7/0385—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable using epoxidised novolak resin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition for optical three-dimensional modeling.
- optical three-dimensional modeling technology for producing a three-dimensional model by laminating a hardened layer formed by curing a photocurable resin by scanning with an ultraviolet laser based on three-dimensional CAD data.
- optical three-dimensional modeling is also referred to as “optical modeling”
- a prototype can be easily and quickly produced without preparing a mold or a mold.
- the time and cost required from product development design to production can be reduced.
- stereolithography technology has been adopted in a wide variety of industrial fields such as automobile parts, electrical equipment, and medical equipment.
- the performance required for photo-curing resins is increasing due to the expansion of the application field of optical three-dimensional modeling technology. 3D objects that have high curing speed, excellent dimensional stability and dimensional accuracy during curing, and are not easily damaged even when external stress such as bending is applied. There is a need for a photo-curable resin that can form.
- Patent Document 1 A composition in which a specific organic compound or a specific compound having two oxetanyl groups is blended has been proposed (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).
- a three-dimensional modeled object is formed by stacking a plurality of thin cured film layers having a thickness of about 20 to 100 microns formed by scanning an ultraviolet laser on the composition for optical modeling. To manufacture. At this time, if the thin cured film layers do not adhere to each other, the strength of the three-dimensional structure may be affected. Further, the conventional stereolithographic composition has a problem that the three-dimensional model is warped during production and may be caught by an ultraviolet laser scanning machine.
- Patent Document 1 In order to improve the heat resistance of the three-dimensional structure, it is generally performed after the composition is cured by light irradiation and further heated at, for example, 60 to 250 ° C. (Patent Document 1). However, when the heat treatment is performed in this manner, the number of steps increases, and the work efficiency may be deteriorated.
- the object of the present invention is to complete the optical modeling (photocuring) in a shorter time, and to perform mechanical processing (bending strength and flexural modulus) after the optical modeling without performing a heat treatment operation (heating at 60 ° C. or higher).
- An excellent composition for optical three-dimensional modeling is provided.
- a cationically polymerizable epoxy resin which is an epoxy resin having the structure: (B) a cationically polymerizable compound having a glycidyl ether structure other than the component (A), (C) a radically polymerizable compound having a methacryl group and / or an acrylic group; (D) a copolymer resin of styrene and maleic anhydride, wherein the maleic anhydride repeating unit is ring-opened into an ester and an acid to form a half ester, and / or styrene and methacrylic acid or A styrene-containing copolymer resin that is a copolymer resin with acrylic acid; (E) a cationically polymerizable epoxy resin which is an epoxy resin having the structure: (B) a cationically polymerizable compound having a glycidyl ether structure other than the component (A), (C) a radically polymerizable compound having a methacryl
- the present invention it is possible to shorten the photocuring time when producing a three-dimensional structure, and the cured film layers are in close contact with each other in the manufacturing process of the three-dimensional structure, and the warpage deformation of the three-dimensional object is small. And it becomes possible to manufacture the three-dimensional molded item which has the outstanding mechanical characteristic.
- composition for optical three-dimensional modeling contains at least components (A) to (G), and further contains other components as necessary.
- Component (A) is a novolak type epoxy resin and / or the following formula (I) (In the formula, m represents an integer of 1 or more.) Or the following formula (II) (In the formula, n represents an integer of 1 or more.) It is a cationically polymerizable epoxy resin that is an epoxy resin having the following structure.
- the novolak type epoxy resin is a polyfunctional epoxy resin obtained by epoxidizing the hydroxyl group of novolak, for example, and generally has excellent heat resistance.
- the novolac type epoxy resin is generally oil-soluble and is preferably liquid at room temperature.
- the novolac epoxy resin may be, for example, a liquid phenol novolac epoxy resin.
- the epoxy equivalent of the novolac type epoxy resin is preferably 170 to 190 g / equivalent.
- As the novolac type epoxy resin a commercially available product may be used.
- the novolak type epoxy resin Epicron N-730A (epoxy equivalent 172 to 179 g / equivalent) manufactured by DIC Corporation, Epicron N-770 (epoxy equivalent 183 to 187 g / equivalent), Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation JER152 (epoxy equivalent 176 to 178 g / equivalent), JER154 (epoxy equivalent 176 to 180 g / equivalent), YDPN-638 (epoxy equivalent 175 to 176 g / equivalent) manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd., YDCN-700-3 (epoxy equivalent) 195 to 205 g / equivalent), YDCN-700-5 (epoxy equivalent 196 to 206 g / equivalent), EOCN-1025 (epoxy equivalent 205 to 217 g / equivalent) manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., and the like.
- the epoxy equivalent is the number of grams of a resin containing 1 gram equivalent of an epoxy group measured by a method
- the cationically polymerizable epoxy resin of component (A) has the following formula (I)
- An epoxy resin having a structure (wherein m represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably 1 to 3) may be used. Specific examples include NC-3000 (epoxy equivalents 265-285 g / equivalent), NC-3000-L (epoxy equivalents 261-282 g / equivalent), NC-3000-H (epoxy equivalents 280- 300 g / equivalent), NC-3100 (epoxy equivalents 245 to 270 g / equivalent), and the like.
- the cationically polymerizable epoxy resin of component (A) also has the following formula (II)
- a cation polymerizable epoxy resin which is an epoxy resin having a structure (wherein n represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably 1 or 2) may be used.
- Specific examples include EPPN-501H (epoxy equivalents 162 to 172 g / equivalent), EPPN-501HY (epoxy equivalents 163 to 175 g / equivalent), EPPN-502H (epoxy equivalents 158 to 178 g / equivalent) manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. Etc.
- the content of the cationically polymerizable epoxy resin of component (A) is 5 to 50% by mass, preferably 10 to 40% by mass, based on the total amount of the optical three-dimensional composition.
- the content of the cationically polymerizable epoxy resin of component (A) is less than 5% by mass, mechanical properties and heat resistance become insufficient when the three-dimensional modeling is performed. If it exceeds 50% by mass, the toughness becomes insufficient when a three-dimensional model is formed.
- the cationically polymerizable epoxy resin of component (A) preferably has an epoxy equivalent of 100 to 300 g / equivalent, and more preferably 150 to 300 g / equivalent.
- the crosslinking density of a composition increases, it becomes easy to form a three-dimensional structure in a composition, and a mechanical characteristic can be improved when it is set as three-dimensional modeling.
- mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, bending strength, and bending elastic modulus of the obtained three-dimensional structure can be further improved, and heat resistance is also improved. Can do.
- Component (B) is a cationically polymerizable compound having a glycidyl ether structure other than the component (A).
- the component (B) has a solubility in water at room temperature (25 ° C.) of preferably 5 g / 100 ml, more preferably 40 g / 100 ml or more, and still more preferably 50 g / 100 ml or more.
- the cationically polymerizable compound having a glycidyl ether structure as component (B) may be an ether derivative of sorbitol.
- sorbitol may be either D-form or L-form, and sorbitol may be a mixture of D-form and L-form.
- the ether derivative of sorbitol having a glycidyl ether structure as component (B) is, for example, the following formula (I): At least one of the hydrogen atoms of the six hydroxyl groups of sorbitol is represented by the following glycidyl group: May be substituted.
- the ether derivative of sorbitol having a glycidyl ether structure as the component (B) has, for example, at least one hydrogen atom of six hydroxyl groups of sorbitol represented by the following glycidyl polyoxyethylene group: (In the formula, n independently represents an integer of 1 to 50.) May be substituted.
- the ether derivative of sorbitol having the glycidyl ether structure of component (B) is such that at least one hydrogen of the six hydroxyl groups of sorbitol is substituted with a glycidyl group, and at least one hydrogen of the remaining hydroxyl groups of sorbitol is glycidyl.
- the ether derivative of sorbitol having the glycidyl ether structure of component (B) further substituted with a glycidyl polyoxyethylene group is also referred to as “glycidyl ether of sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether”.
- cationically polymerizable compound having a glycidyl ether structure of component (B) include polyglycerin polyglycidyl ether, glycerin polyglycidyl ether, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol # 200 diglycidyl ether, and polyethylene glycol # 400 diglycidyl.
- Polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether such as ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tripropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol # 400 diglycidyl ether, etc.
- the epoxy equivalent of the cationically polymerizable compound other than the component (A) having the glycidyl ether structure of the component (B) is preferably 100 to 300 g / equivalent, more preferably 120 to 300 g / equivalent.
- the component (B) cationically polymerizable compound is preferably liquid at room temperature.
- the component (B) cationically polymerizable compound can be synthesized by referring to a known method (for example, JP-A-2001-39960, Experimental Chemistry Course, 4th edition, Volume 28, P428), and a commercially available product is used. You can also.
- a commercially available product for example, in the case of a sorbitol polyglycidyl ether product, Denacol EX-611 (epoxy equivalent 167 g / equivalent), Denacol EX-612 (epoxy equivalent 166 g / equivalent), Denacol EX-614 manufactured by Nagase Chemitech Co., Ltd. (Epoxy equivalent 167 g / equivalent), Denacol EX-614B (epoxy equivalent 173 g / equivalent), and ERISYS GE-60 (epoxy equivalent 160-195 g / equivalent) manufactured by Emerald.
- a known method for example, JP-A-2001-39960, Experimental Chemistry Course, 4th edition, Volume 28, P428, and
- the content of the cationically polymerizable compound as the component (B) is 5 to 70% by mass, preferably 20 to 60% by mass, and more preferably 30 to 50% by mass in the total amount of the optical three-dimensional modeling composition. %.
- the content of the cationically polymerizable compound of the component (B) is less than 5% by mass, the flexibility becomes insufficient when a three-dimensional model is formed, and when it exceeds 70% by mass, the adhesion between the cured thin film layers is weak. Become.
- the adhesion between the cured thin film layers is good, the warpage deformation during the production of the three-dimensional structure is improved, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, bending strength, and bending elastic modulus of the three-dimensional structure are obtained. Can be improved.
- the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling is other cationically polymerizable It may further contain a compound.
- the other cationically polymerizable compound is preferably a polyfunctional monomer having two or more cationically polymerizable bonds in one molecule.
- Other cationically polymerizable compounds are, for example, cationically polymerizable compounds having an epoxy group, a vinyl ether group, or an oxetane group. This cationically polymerizable compound having an epoxy group is not the cationically polymerizable epoxy resin of the component (A).
- the cationically polymerizable compound having an epoxy group examples include hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester (epoxy equivalent 155 g / equivalent, SR-HHPA, manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate (epoxy Equivalents 195 to 215 g / equivalent, Cyclomer M100, manufactured by Daicel) 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) -1-butanol 1,2-epoxy-4- (2-oxiranyl) cyclohexane adduct (epoxy equivalents 170- 190 g / equivalent, EHPE3150, manufactured by Daicel), epoxidized polybutadiene (epoxy equivalents 152-178 g / equivalent, Epolide PB4700, manufactured by Daicel), butanetetracarboxylic acid tetra (3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl) modified
- the cationically polymerizable compound having a vinyl ether group examples include cyclopentadiene vinyl ether, tricyclodecane vinyl ether, benzyl vinyl ether, 1,4-butanediol divinyl ether, cyclohexane dimethanol divinyl ether, diethylene glycol divinyl ether, triethylene glycol divinyl ether.
- the cationically polymerizable compound having an oxetane group include (3-ethyl-oxetane-3-yl) -methanol, 3- (3-ethyl-oxetane-3-ylmethoxy) -propan-1-ol, 4- (3-ethyl-oxetane-3-ylmethoxy) -butan-1-ol, 3- (3-ethyl-oxetane-3-ylmethoxy) -propane-1,2-diol, 1- (3-ethyl-oxetane-3 -Ylmethoxy) -propan-2-ol, 1- [2- (3-ethyl-oxetane-3-ylmethoxy) -1-methyl-ethoxy-ethanol, 2- [2- (3-ethyl-oxetane-3-ylmethoxy) ) -Ethoxy] -ethanol xylylene bisoxe
- the above-mentioned cationic polymerizable compounds having an epoxy group, a vinyl ether group or an oxetane group can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the cationically polymerizable compound having an epoxy group, vinyl ether group or oxetane group examples thereof include Crossmer manufactured by Nippon Carbide Industry Co., Ltd., Celoxide manufactured by Daicel Co., Ltd., Epolide, vinyl ether manufactured by Maruzen Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Sumi Epoxy manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the content of the cationically polymerizable compound other than the component (A) and the component (B) is preferably less than the total content of the cationically polymerizable compounds of the component (A) and the component (B).
- the total amount of the composition is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 1 to 20% by mass.
- Component (C) is a radically polymerizable compound having a methacryl group and / or an acryl group.
- Component (C) is in an uncured state, for example, has a solubility in water at room temperature (25 ° C.) of preferably 5 g / 100 ml or more, more preferably 40 g / 100 ml or more, and even more preferably 50 g / 100 ml or more. It is.
- the radically polymerizable compound of component (C) is preferably a liquid at normal temperature.
- a methacryl group or an acrylic group is also referred to as “(meth) acryloyl group”
- a methacrylate or acrylate is also referred to as “(meth) acrylate”.
- the radically polymerizable compound having a methacryl group and / or an acryl group of component (C) may be monofunctional, bifunctional, or trifunctional or higher, and is compatible with the cationically polymerizable compound of component (B).
- the following compounds may be mentioned.
- Monofunctional group compounds include (meth) acryloylmorpholine, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, glycerin ( (Meth) acrylate, nonylphenol EO-modified (meth) acrylate, reaction product of 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and phosphoric anhydride, reaction product of hexahydroxy addition polymer of 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and phosphoric anhydride Etc.
- bifunctional compound examples include triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol (400) di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol (600) di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol ( 400) di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated (4) bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated (10) bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated (30) bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated ( 4) Hydrogenated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated (30) hydrogenated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, EO-modified (10) hydrogenated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- trifunctional or higher functional compound examples include ethoxylated (9) glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated (20) glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, and polyether-based urethane trifunctional (meth) acrylate.
- the radical polymerizable compound having a methacryl group and / or an acryl group can be synthesized by a known method, or a commercially available one can be used.
- Aronix series manufactured by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd., Bremer series manufactured by NOF Corporation Light ester series manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., Light acrylate series, Epoxy ester series, Urethane acrylate series, NK ester series manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd. NK Oligo series, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. KAYARAD series, Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd. biscoat series.
- the content of the component (C) radical polymerizable compound is 5 to 50% by mass, preferably 10 to 40% by mass, based on the total amount of the optical three-dimensional composition.
- the content of the component (C) radical polymerizable compound is 5 to 50% by mass, preferably 10 to 40% by mass, based on the total amount of the optical three-dimensional composition.
- the content of the component (C) radical polymerizable compound is preferably less than the content of the component (B) cationic polymerizable compound. Hardness of hardened
- cured material can be raised because content of the radically polymerizable compound of a component (C) is less than content of the cationically polymerizable compound of a component (B).
- the optical three-dimensional modeling composition may further contain other radically polymerizable compounds to the extent that they do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
- the content of the other radical polymerizable compound is preferably 5 to 30% by mass in the total amount of the optical three-dimensional modeling composition, for example.
- monofunctional monomers of other radical polymerizable compounds include, for example, acrylamide, 7-amino-3,7-dimethyloctyl (meth) acrylate, isobutoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, 2- Ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, diacetone (meth) acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyloxyethyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate , N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate, vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylpyrrolidone, phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, butto Shiechiru (
- bifunctional monomer of other radical polymerizable compound examples include, for example, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanediyldimethylene di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di ( (Meth) acrylate, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether end (meth) acrylic acid adduct, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, polyester di (meth) acrylate And polyester-based urethane bifunctional (meth) acrylate.
- trifunctional or higher polyfunctional monomers of other radical polymerizable compounds include, for example, tris (acryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, EO-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate.
- Component (D) is a copolymer resin of styrene and maleic anhydride.
- the maleic anhydride unit is converted into an ester and a carboxylic acid by, for example, alcohol.
- It is a styrene-containing copolymer resin that is a copolymer resin that is ring-opened and half-esterified and / or a copolymer resin of styrene and methacrylic acid or acrylic acid.
- the “copolymer resin of styrene and maleic anhydride” is a resin having a molar ratio of styrene units to maleic anhydride units of preferably 1: 1 to 8: 1.
- all (for example, 80 to 100 mol%) are cleaved to be half-esterified, that is, an ester and a carboxylic acid, and the alcohol-derived portion of this ester is preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl , 2-ethylhexyl or the like is an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon chains.
- the “copolymer resin of styrene and methacrylic acid or acrylic acid” is a resin obtained by copolymerizing styrene and methacrylic acid or acrylic acid.
- the acid value of these styrene-containing copolymer resins is preferably in the range of 120 to 250 mgKOH / g.
- the molecular weight of the styrene-containing copolymer resin is preferably in the range of 7,000 to 30,000.
- the acid value of the styrene-containing copolymer resin can be measured, for example, based on JIS K0070 (chemical acid acid number test method).
- the molecular weight of the styrene-containing copolymer resin can be measured as a weight average molecular weight using, for example, polystyrene-performed gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- a specific example of a copolymer resin of styrene and maleic anhydride, in which maleic anhydride units are half-esterified among styrene units and maleic anhydride units, which are repeating units, is Kawa Crude Co., Ltd.
- SMA 1440 (acid value 165 to 205 mg KOH / g, molecular weight 7000), SMA 17352 (acid value 255 to 285 mg KOH / g, molecular weight 7000), SMA 2625 (acid value 200 to 240 mg KOH / g, molecular weight 9000), SMA 3840 (Acid value 95-120 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 10500), Hiros US-1243 (acid value 180-200 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 5500-7600) manufactured by Seiko PMC Co., Ltd., Hiros X-200 (acid value 180-200 mgKOH / g) , Molecular weight 1000 To 14000), high loss X-205 (acid value 240 to 260 mg KOH / g, molecular weight 10,000 to 14000), high loss X-220 (acid value 145 to 165 mg KOH / g, molecular weight 11000 to 15000), high loss X-2
- copolymer resin of styrene and methacrylic acid or acrylic acid examples include Hiros VS-1047 (acid value 230 to 250 mg KOH / g, molecular weight 8,000 to 12,000) manufactured by Seiko PMC Co., Ltd., Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.
- ARUFON UC-3080 (acid value 230 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 14000) manufactured by company, AFURON UF-5022 (acid value 235 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 14000), Joncrill 67 manufactured by BASF (acid value 213 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 12, 500), Joncryl 678 (acid value 215 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 8,500), Joncryl 680 (acid value 215 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 4,900), Joncryl 682 (acid value 238 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 1,700) And Jongkrill 690 (acid value 240 mg OH / g, molecular weight 16,500), and the like.
- the content of the component (D) styrene-containing copolymer resin is 1 to 30% by mass, preferably 3 to 20% by mass, based on the total amount of the optical three-dimensional composition.
- the mechanical strength becomes insufficient when it is made into three-dimensional modeling, and when it exceeds 30% by mass, it becomes difficult to disperse or dissolve in the composition when producing a composition for optical three-dimensional modeling. .
- the mechanical strength can be improved when the three-dimensional modeling is performed.
- Component (E) is a cationic polymerization initiator that is a sulfonium compound or a bis (alkylphenyl) iodonium compound.
- cationic polymerization initiators for component (E) can be used.
- San-Aid SI series manufactured by Sanshin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. WPI series manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- SP series manufactured by Adeka Co., Ltd. SP series manufactured by Adeka Co., Ltd.
- CPI series manufactured by San Apro Co., Ltd. and the like can be mentioned.
- the content of the cationic polymerization initiator as the component (E) is in the range of 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10% by mass, based on the total amount of the optical three-dimensional modeling composition. is there. When it is less than 0.1% by mass, the cationic polymerization reaction rate becomes slow. When content exceeds 20 mass%, the hardening characteristic of the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling is reduced.
- Component (F) is a radical polymerization initiator.
- the radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound capable of generating radical species by irradiation of active energy rays and initiating a radical reaction of the radical polymerizable compound.
- a commercially available thing can be used for the radical polymerization initiator of a component (F).
- a component for example, BASF's IRGACURE series, DAROCUR series, LUCIRIN series, SB-PI series by Sort Co., Ltd., Adekaoptomer series by ADEKA Co., Ltd., Organic boron compound series by Showa Denko Co., Ltd. There are series, etc.
- the content of the radical polymerization initiator of component (F) is in the range of 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10% by mass, based on the total amount of the optical three-dimensional modeling composition. is there. When it is less than 0.1% by mass, the radical polymerization reaction rate of the optical three-dimensional modeling composition is slow. When content exceeds 20 mass%, the hardening characteristic of the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling is reduced.
- Component (G) is a sensitizer.
- the sensitizer is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that can increase the photosensitivity of the optical three-dimensional composition (preferably one that is understood to absorb a wavelength of 300 to 500 nm). Is preferred.
- polyfunctional thiol compound examples include 1,3,5-tris (3-mercaptobutyryloxyethyl) -1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6 (1H, 3H, 5H) -trione, , 4-bis (3-mercaptobutyryloxy) butane, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptobutyrate), trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate), tris [(3-mercaptopropionyloxy) -ethyl] -Isocyanurate, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) and the like.
- polyfunctional thiol compound as the sensitizer of component (E), commercially available products can be used.
- QX40 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Adeka Hardener EH-317 manufactured by Adeka Corporation, SC Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.
- PEMP TBMPIC
- TMPMP manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.
- sensitizers other than polyfunctional thiol compounds include benzophenone, acridine series, 9-phenylacridine, 9- (p-methylphenyl) acridine, 9- (o-methylphenyl) acridine, 9- (o -Chlorophenyl) acridine, 9- (o-fluorophenyl) acridine, coumarin series, 7,7- (diethylamino) (3,3-carbonylbiscoumarin), 3-benzoyl-7-diethylaminocoumarin, 7,7-bis
- Examples of (methoxy) (3,3-carbonylbiscoumarin) and anthracene include 9,10-dimethoxyanthracene, 9,10-ethoxyanthracene, and 9,10-butoxyanthracene.
- the content of the sensitizer of component (G) is in the range of 0.05 to 5.0% by mass, preferably in the range of 3 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the optical three-dimensional modeling composition. .
- the content exceeds 5.0% by mass, the sensitivity is locally lowered, or only the surface portion is cured.
- the photo-curing reaction is further promoted, and all the polymerization components in the composition are cured (bonded) to obtain a three-dimensional model. High mechanical strength and heat resistance can be obtained.
- the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling is a composition for optical three-dimensional modeling including, as other components, a solvent for dissolving or dispersing component (E) and / or component (F), a curing accelerator, a colorant, and the like.
- a solvent for dissolving or dispersing component (E) and / or component (F) a curing accelerator, a colorant, and the like.
- the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling comprises 5 to 50% by mass of the cationic polymerizable epoxy resin of component (A), 5 to 70% by mass of the cationic polymerizable compound other than component (A) of component (B), 5 to 50% by mass of the radically polymerizable compound (C), 1 to 30% by mass of the styrene-containing copolymer resin of component (D), 0.1 to 20% by mass of the cationic polymerization initiator of component (E), Containing 0.1 to 20% by mass of the radical polymerization initiator of component (F) and 0.05 to 5.0% by mass of the sensitizer of component (G), optionally other cationically polymerizable compounds; It further contains other radical polymerizable compounds and / or other components.
- the total of the cationically polymerizable epoxy resin of component (A), the cationically polymerizable compound of component (B), and the radically polymerizable compound of component (C) is preferably 50 from the viewpoint of efficient cured product production. It is at least mass%, more preferably at least 60 mass%, still more preferably 65 to 95 mass%.
- the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling can be prepared according to a conventional method.
- the optical three-dimensional molding composition is stirred uniformly with components (A) to (G) and, if necessary, other cationically polymerizable compounds, other radically polymerizable compounds, and / or other components.
- the mixture is filtered, the mixture is filtered to remove foreign matters mixed in the raw materials and foreign matters mixed in the manufacturing process, and the mixture is degassed.
- the blending amount of each component is set so that the final concentration in the optical three-dimensional modeling composition is within the above-described range.
- components such as component (C), component (E) and component (F) are solid at room temperature, it is preferable to use those previously dissolved or dispersed in a solvent.
- Stirring is preferably performed at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours.
- the temperature is lower than 20 ° C.
- the polymerizable compound may thicken and the stirring efficiency may be deteriorated.
- the temperature is higher than 40 ° C.
- the viscosity is decreased and the stirring efficiency is improved, but the quality of the photoinitiator or the polymerizable compound is deteriorated. Because there is.
- the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling prepared in this way is liquid at normal temperature (25 ° C.).
- the viscosity of the optical three-dimensional modeling composition is preferably about 200 to 1500 mPa ⁇ s at room temperature from the viewpoint of optical modeling.
- the hardened layers formed by the optical three-dimensional modeling composition according to the present invention adhere to each other with excellent adhesion. Therefore, when the optical three-dimensional composition according to the present invention is cured using an optical modeling apparatus, the cured layer is not likely to be warped and caught by an ultraviolet laser operating machine or the like, and a three-dimensional model is manufactured smoothly. can do. Furthermore, the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling enables the production of a three-dimensional modeled object with small warpage deformation and high dimensional accuracy. In addition to high dimensional accuracy, the three-dimensional structure formed by curing the optical three-dimensional composition has excellent mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, bending strength, and bending elastic modulus. ing.
- composition for optical three-dimensional modeling according to the present invention can be suitably used for optical three-dimensional modeling, and can be applied to a wide range of fields.
- applications include, but are not limited to, precision parts, electrical / electronic parts, building structures, automotive parts, molds, mother molds, casts such as casts, mouthpieces for fixing teeth, dentistry Medical plastic moldings, medical plastic instruments, automobile parts and the like can be mentioned.
- specific examples of other applications include photocurable ink, photocurable paint, photocurable adhesive, sealant, photocurable encapsulant, composite agent, photocurable ink jet, and photocurable microcapsule.
- Photosensitive printing plates, photoresist inks, printing proofing agents, hologram materials, artificial nails (gel nails), materials for producing resin accessories, and the like For example, for artificial nails (gel nails), a photo-curing resin has been conventionally used, and in order to remove the cured resin film from the nails, a processing chemical such as a release agent or a solvent (acetone) is used. It is necessary to swell or dissolve the resin film and remove it. According to the composition of the present invention, the resin film can be physically peeled off from the nail without using the above-described treatment chemical.
- the manufacture of a three-dimensional object from the optical three-dimensional object composition according to the present invention can be performed using a conventional optical three-dimensional object forming method and an optical object forming apparatus.
- the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure is, for example, (a) the above-mentioned optical three-dimensional structure composition based on contour data created by slicing shape data input by three-dimensional CAD into thin layers of thin layers.
- a step of selectively irradiating the surface of the object with active energy rays to form a cured layer (b) a step of further supplying a composition for optical three-dimensional modeling on the cured layer, (c) a step (a), Similarly, by including a step of performing a laminating operation for selectively irradiating active energy rays to newly form a cured layer continuous with the above-described cured layer, and (d) a step of repeatedly performing this laminating operation, It is possible to provide a three-dimensional model to be made.
- the thickness of the single layer or the laminated cured layer can be, for example, 20 to 200 ⁇ m. As the thickness of the hardened layer is reduced, the modeling accuracy can be increased. However, since the time and cost required for production increase, the thickness can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of these balances.
- the optical modeling apparatus used for manufacturing the three-dimensional model from the optical three-dimensional model composition is not particularly limited.
- ATOMm-4000 manufactured by Seamet
- Digital WaX registered trademark
- 020X manufactured by Sea Force
- ACCULAS registered trademark
- BA-85S manufactured by Deemec
- the active energy rays applied to the optical three-dimensional modeling composition are, for example, ultraviolet rays, visible rays, radiation, X-rays, electron beams, etc., preferably ultraviolet rays or visible rays.
- the wavelength of ultraviolet light or visible light is preferably 300 to 500 nm.
- Examples of the ultraviolet or visible light source include, but are not limited to, a semiconductor-excited solid laser, a carbon arc lamp, a mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon lamp, a chemical lamp, and a white LED. In particular, it is preferable to use a laser from the viewpoint of modeling accuracy and curability.
- the three-dimensional object according to the present invention is a three-dimensional object including a cured product of the above-described optical three-dimensional object composition, and preferably, a cured layer formed by curing the optical three-dimensional object composition is laminated.
- This is a three-dimensional model.
- the three-dimensional model is manufactured by, for example, the above-described method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model.
- the three-dimensional modeled object according to the present invention since the cured layers are in close contact with each other, warping deformation of the modeled object is small in the manufacturing process, and the dimensional accuracy is improved. Furthermore, the three-dimensional structure is excellent in mechanical properties such as heat resistance, tensile strength, elongation, bending strength, and bending elastic modulus.
- compositions for optical three-dimensional modeling of Examples 1 to 8 and Reference Examples 1 to 14 were prepared by the following procedure. According to the composition shown in Table 1 and Table 2, all the components were charged into a stirring vessel and stirred at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a liquid composition. This liquid composition is filtered through a 10 micron filter bag (PO-10-PO3A-503, manufactured by Xinxiang D. King industry) to remove foreign substances, left to stand overnight, and then deaerated to obtain a transparent liquid composition. Obtained.
- a 10 micron filter bag PO-10-PO3A-503, manufactured by Xinxiang D. King industry
- Epicron N-730A novolak type epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent 175 g / equivalent) (manufactured by DIC), NC-3100: an epoxy resin of the formula (I) of component (A) (epoxy equivalent 245 to 270 g / equivalent) (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
- EPPN-502H epoxy resin of the formula (II) of component (A) (epoxy equivalent 158 to 178 g / equivalent) (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- Denacol EX-612 sorbitol polyglycidyl ether (epoxy equivalent 166 g / equivalent) (manufactured by Nagase Chemtech Co., Ltd.) ⁇ Guatemala
- the acid value of the styrene-containing copolymer resin of component (D) is according to JIS K0070 (chemical acid acid number test method), and the weight average molecular weight is based on polystyrene-permitted gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- Evaluation Sample 1 In order to evaluate the curing time of the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling, the following samples were produced.
- the composition for optical three-dimensional modeling of Example 1 was poured into a hand-made polyethylene rectangular shape (width: about 10 mm ⁇ length: 100 mm, depth: 5 mm) to form a 1 mm liquid film, and a 3 kW high-pressure mercury lamp (wavelength: 365 nm, distance) 1 m), irradiation was performed for 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 15 seconds, 20 seconds, 25 seconds, and 30 seconds, respectively, and evaluation samples were obtained. Evaluation samples were similarly obtained for the compositions for optical three-dimensional modeling of Examples 2 to 8 and Reference Examples 1 to 14.
- evaluation methods 1) Evaluation of curing time of composition for optical three-dimensional modeling Using evaluation sample 1, the surface state was observed from a sample having a short irradiation time, and the irradiation time of the sample having no surface tack was defined as the curing time.
- the evaluation sample 1 was placed in an oven, treated at 35 ° C. for 30 minutes, cooled to room temperature (25 ° C.), and then a polyester film was pressed against the surface by hand. If the polyester film was not easily peeled off, it was judged that there was tack, and if it was peeled off, it was judged that there was no tack.
- evaluation sample 2 Observation of layer (side surface) of optical three-dimensional modeled object Using evaluation sample 2, the layer (side surface) of the flat plate was measured with a JSM-5600 scanning electron microscope (acceleration voltage 7 kv, magnification 200 times) manufactured by JEOL. .
- the criteria for evaluation are when the gap between the layers is clearly visible (“F"), when the gap between the layers is small (“B”), when there is no gap between the layers and the stripe is visible (“A”), The one that seemed to be integrated so that the layer could not be confirmed was designated as “AA”.
- Table 3 shows the results of the above evaluations 1) to 5).
- molding of an Example is a 10 second curing time, is highly sensitive, and has a quick curing rate. This indicates that the curing density is high.
- the three-dimensional structure obtained by laminating the cured layer of the optical three-dimensional structure composition of the example had a bending strength of 80 MPa or more and a bending elastic modulus of 2240 MPa or more, and was excellent in mechanical properties. Further, in Reference Examples 11 to 14, even when the styrene copolymer resin was added to the composition containing only the radical polymerizable component, the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus were improved.
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Abstract
Description
(A)ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、及び/又は、以下の式(I)
又は以下の式(II)
の構造を有するエポキシ樹脂であるカチオン重合性エポキシ樹脂と、
(B)上記成分(A)以外の、グリシジルエーテル構造を有するカチオン重合性化合物と、
(C)メタクリル基及び/又はアクリル基を有するラジカル重合性化合物と、
(D)スチレンと無水マレイン酸との共重合体樹脂であり、前記無水マレイン酸の繰り返し単位をエステルと酸に開環してハーフエステル化した共重合樹脂、及び/又は、スチレンとメタクリル酸又はアクリル酸との共重合樹脂である、スチレン含有共重合樹脂と、
(E)スルホニウム化合物又はビス(アルキルフェニル)ヨードニウム化合物であるカチオン重合開始剤と、
(F)ラジカル重合開始剤と、
(G)増感剤と
を含む、光学的立体造形用組成物であって、
前記成分(A)のカチオン重合性エポキシ樹脂を5~50質量%、
前記成分(B)のカチオン重合性化合物を5~70質量%、
前記成分(C)のラジカル重合性化合物を5~50質量%、
前記成分(D)のスチレン含有共重合樹脂を1~30質量%、
前記成分(E)のカチオン重合開始剤を0.1~20質量%、
前記成分(F)のラジカル重合開始剤を0.1~20質量%、及び、
前記成分(G)の増感剤を0.05~5.0質量%含有する、光学的立体造形用組成物を提供することができる。
又は以下の式(II)
の構造を有するエポキシ樹脂であるカチオン重合性エポキシ樹脂である。
で置換されていてもよい。もしくは、成分(B)のグリシジルエーテル構造を有するソルビトールのエーテル誘導体は、ソルビトールの6個の水酸基の水素の少なくとも1個がグリシジル基で置換され、ソルビトールの残りの水酸基の水素の少なくとも1個がグリシジルポリオキシエチレン基でさらに置換されていてもよい。グリシジルポリオキシエチレン基でさらに置換された成分(B)のグリシジルエーテル構造を有するソルビトールのエーテル誘導体は、「ソルビトールのポリオキシエチレンエーテルのグリシジルエーテル」とも称する。
単官能基の化合物としては、(メタ)アクリロイルモルホリン、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)クリレート、ポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、グリセリン(メタ)アクリレート、ノニルフェノールEO変性(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレートと無水リン酸の反応生成物、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレートのヘキサリド付加重合物と無水リン酸の反応生成物等が挙げられる。
2官能の化合物としては、トリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコール(400)ジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコール(600)ジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコール(400)ジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(4)ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(10)ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(30)ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(4)水添ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(30)水添ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、EO変性(10)水添ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
3官能以上の化合物としては、エトキシ化(9)グリセリントリ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(20)グリセリントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエーテル系ウレタン3官能(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
実施例1~8及び参考例1~14の光学的立体造形用組成物を、以下の手順で調製した。
表1及び表2に示す組成に従って全ての成分を、攪拌容器内に仕込み、20~40℃の温度で2時間攪拌して液体組成物を得た。この液体組成物を、10ミクロンフィルターバッグ(PO-10-PO3A-503、Xinxiang D.King industry社製)でろ過して異物を除去し、一晩放置後に脱気して透明な液体組成物を得た。
・NC-3100:成分(A)の式(I)のエポキシ樹脂(エポキシ当量245~270g/当量)(日本化薬社製)、
・EPPN-502H:成分(A)の式(II)のエポキシ樹脂(エポキシ当量158~178g/当量)(新日鉄住金化学社製)、
・デナコールEX-612:ソルビトールポリグリシジルエーテル(エポキシ当量166g/当量)(ナガセケムテック株製)、
・リカレジンBEO-60E:ビスフェノールAビス(トリエチレングリコールグリシジルエーテル)エーテル(n+m=6)(新日本理化社製)、
・NKオリゴUA-7100:ウレタンアクリレート(新中村化学工業社製)、
・アロニックスM-306:ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート65-70%とペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート30-35%の混合物(東亜合成社製)、
・SMA2625:スチレン・無水マレイン酸ハーフエステル共重合樹脂(酸価200~240mgKOH/g、分子量9000)(川原油化社製)、
・ARUFON UC-3080:スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸共重合樹脂(酸価230mgKOH/g、分子量14000)(東亜合成社製)、
・サンエイドSI-180L: PF6・系スルホニウム塩(三新化学工業社製)、
・WPI-124:ビス[4-(アルキルC10~C13)フェニル]ヨードニウムテトラキスペンタフルオロフェニルボレート(和光純薬工業社製)、
・イルガキュアー907: 2-メチル-1-(4-メチルチオフェニル)-2-モルホリノプロパン-オン(BASF社製)、
・アデカハードナーEH-317:ポリメルカプタン系硬化剤(アデカ社製)、
・カレンズMTNR1: 1,3,5-トリス(3-メルカプトブチリルオキシエチル)-1,3,5-トリアジン-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-トリオン(昭和電工株製)、
・3-ベンゾイル-7-ジエチルアミノクマリン:(日興ケムテック社製)。
成分(D)のスチレン含有共重合樹脂の酸価は、JIS K0070(化学製品の酸価試験方法)により、重量平均分子量は、ポリスチレン換算のゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)による。
光学的立体造形用組成物の硬化時間を評価するために、以下のサンプルを作製した。
実施例1の光学的立体造形用組成物を手製のポリエチレン製長方形型(幅約10mm×長さ100mm、深さ5mm)に1mmの液膜になるように流し込み、3kw高圧水銀灯(波長365nm、距離1m)で、5秒間、10秒間、15秒間、20秒間、25秒間、30秒間各々照射し、評価サンプルを得た。実施例2~8及び参考例1~14の光学的立体造形用組成物についても、同様にして評価サンプルを得た。
光学的立体造形物として評価するために、以下のサンプルを作製した。
実施例1の光学的立体造形用組成物を手製のポリエチレン製長方形型(幅約10mm×長さ100mm、深さ5mm)に1mm液膜になるように流し込み、3kw高圧水銀灯(波長365nm、距離1m)で20秒間照射し、これを合計4回繰返して厚さ約4mmの平面板(幅約10mm×長さ100mm)を作製した。さらに平面板を30分間再照射し、光学的立体造形物を得た。実施例2~8及び参考例1~14の光学的立体造形用組成物についても、同様にして各々光学的立体造形物を得た。
1)光学的立体造形用組成物の硬化時間の評価
評価サンプル1を用いて、照射時間の短いサンプルからその表面状態を観察し、表面のタックが無いサンプルの照射時間を硬化時間とした。なお、表面のタックは、評価サンプル1をオーブンに入れて35℃で30分間処理し、室温(25℃)まで冷却した後、その表面にポリエステルフィルムを手で押し当てた。ポリエステルフィルムが簡単に剥がれなければタック有り、剥がれればタック無しと、タックの有無を判断した。
評価サンプル2を用いて、平面板の層(側面)を日本電子製JSM-5600型走査電子顕微鏡(加速電圧7kv、倍率200倍)で測定した。評価の基準は、層間の隙間がはっきり見える場合は(「F」)、層間の隙間が小さい場合は(「B」)、層間の隙間が無くてスジ状が見えるものは(「A」)、層が確認できないほど一体化して見えるものは(「AA」)とした。
評価サンプル2を用いて、平面板を平台に置いて、その端部が平台から浮いた距離を測定する。判定の基準は、距離2mm以上の場合は(「F」)、距離2mm以下で浮いている場合は(「B」)、距離0mmで浮いていない場合は(「A」)とした。
評価サンプル2を用いて、平面板の引張試験を、ISO527-1に準拠して、以下の測定条件で引張り強度及び伸度を測定した。伸度は、破断時の最大の伸び率として測定した。
測定装置:インストロン社製3366型万能試験機
引張速度(クロスヘッド速度):5mm/分
測定環境:温度25℃、湿度45%RH
標点間距離:80mm
評価サンプル2を用いて、平面板の3点曲げ試験を、ISO527-1に準拠して、以下の測定条件で行い、曲げ強度及び曲げ弾性率を測定した。
測定装置:インストロン社製3366型万能試験機
試験条件:3点曲げ試験冶具 圧子半径5mm、
支点間距離64mm、
負荷速度(クロスヘッド速度)2mm/分)
測定環境:温度25℃、湿度45%RH
Claims (5)
- (A)ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、及び/又は、以下の式(I)
(B)上記成分(A)以外の、グリシジルエーテル構造を有するカチオン重合性化合物と、
(C)メタクリル基及び/又はアクリル基を有するラジカル重合性化合物と、
(D)スチレンと無水マレイン酸との共重合体樹脂であり、前記無水マレイン酸の繰り返し単位をエステルと酸に開環してハーフエステル化した共重合樹脂、及び/又は、スチレンとメタクリル酸又はアクリル酸との共重合樹脂である、スチレン含有共重合樹脂と、
(E)スルホニウム化合物又はビス(アルキルフェニル)ヨードニウム化合物であるカチオン重合開始剤と、
(F)ラジカル重合開始剤と、
(G)増感剤と
を含む、光学的立体造形用組成物であって、
前記成分(A)のカチオン重合性エポキシ樹脂を5~50質量%、
前記成分(B)のカチオン重合性化合物を5~70質量%、
前記成分(C)のラジカル重合性化合物を5~50質量%、
前記成分(D)のスチレン含有共重合樹脂を1~30質量%、
前記成分(E)のカチオン重合開始剤を0.1~20質量%、
前記成分(F)のラジカル重合開始剤を0.1~20質量%、及び、
前記成分(G)の増感剤を0.05~5.0質量%含有する、光学的立体造形用組成物。 - 前記成分(B)のグリシジルエーテル構造を有するカチオン重合性化合物のエポキシ当量が、100~300g/当量の範囲内にある、請求項1記載の光学的立体造形用組成物。
- 前記成分(D)のスチレン含有共重合樹脂の酸価が、120~250mgKOH/gの範囲内にある、請求項1記載の光学的立体造形用組成物。
- 前記成分(D)のスチレン含有共重合樹脂の分子量が、7,000~30,000の範囲内にある、請求項1記載の光学的立体造形用組成物。
- 前記成分(A)のカチオン重合性エポキシ樹脂のエポキシ当量が、100~300g/当量の範囲である請求項1記載の光学的立体造形用組成物。
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