WO2017109917A1 - 超音波振動子 - Google Patents
超音波振動子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017109917A1 WO2017109917A1 PCT/JP2015/086122 JP2015086122W WO2017109917A1 WO 2017109917 A1 WO2017109917 A1 WO 2017109917A1 JP 2015086122 W JP2015086122 W JP 2015086122W WO 2017109917 A1 WO2017109917 A1 WO 2017109917A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric elements
- node
- piezoelectric
- piezoelectric element
- ultrasonic transducer
- Prior art date
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- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 2
- JSMRMEYFZHIPJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1C2CCC1C2 Chemical compound C1C2CCC1C2 JSMRMEYFZHIPJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000737 Duralumin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- VJPLIHZPOJDHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Pb] VJPLIHZPOJDHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
- A61B2017/00022—Sensing or detecting at the treatment site
- A61B2017/00106—Sensing or detecting at the treatment site ultrasonic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B17/22004—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves
- A61B2017/22027—Features of transducers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320088—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with acoustic insulation, e.g. elements for damping vibrations between horn and surrounding sheath
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320089—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic node location
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer.
- An ultrasonic transducer mounted on a surgical instrument includes a laminate composed of a plurality of piezoelectric elements laminated in the thickness direction, and is designed so that a longitudinal vibration node is located in the laminate.
- the ultrasonic vibrator Since the ultrasonic vibrator generates heat with vibration, the entire temperature of the ultrasonic vibrator gradually rises during use. Since the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator depends on temperature, if the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator changes due to temperature rise, the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator with respect to the frequency of the drive voltage supplied to the ultrasonic vibrator The deviation increases, and the output (vibration amplitude) of the ultrasonic transducer decreases. In order to continue to maintain a high output, the driving voltage must be increased, which causes further heat generation and makes the driving of the ultrasonic vibrator unstable.
- the ultrasonic vibrator described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it is difficult to stably drive the ultrasonic vibrator with high output because it is difficult to suppress heat generation.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an ultrasonic transducer that can suppress heat generation and can be stably driven with high output.
- the present invention includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements that are stacked in the thickness direction and generate longitudinal vibration in the thickness direction, and the plurality of piezoelectric elements travel from the longitudinal side of the longitudinal vibration toward the node side of the longitudinal vibration.
- the ultrasonic transducers are arranged so that the thicknesses increase in order.
- longitudinal vibration in the thickness direction is generated in the entire plurality of piezoelectric elements by applying a voltage in the thickness direction to the plurality of stacked piezoelectric elements to vibrate the piezoelectric elements in the thickness direction. be able to.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements are arranged so that they are thicker as they are closer to the node and thinner as they are closer to the belly.
- the thicker piezoelectric element has a smaller amount of flowing current
- the thinner piezoelectric element has a larger amount of current flowing.
- the node-side piezoelectric element has a small amount of displacement and therefore requires a small amount of current
- the belly-side piezoelectric element has a large amount of displacement and therefore requires a large amount of current.
- the output can be increased by arranging a thinner piezoelectric element on the ventral side.
- the vibration speed differs between piezoelectric elements having different thicknesses. Therefore, by decreasing the thickness of the piezoelectric elements in order, it is possible to prevent a decrease in vibration transmission efficiency due to a difference in vibration speed between adjacent piezoelectric elements, and to further increase the output.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements may be arranged so that the thickness increases in order from the piezoelectric element located closest to the belly side toward the piezoelectric element located closest to the node side. Good.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements may be arranged so that a piezoelectric constant increases in order from the ventral side toward the nodal side, and the piezoelectric element located most on the ventral side most They may be arranged so that the piezoelectric constants increase in order toward the piezoelectric element located on the node side.
- the Young's modulus may be arranged in order from the ventral side toward the node side, and the Young's modulus of the piezoelectric element located closest to the node side is the most ventral side. It may be arranged so as to be lower than the Young's modulus of the piezoelectric element located at the position. By doing so, it is possible to further increase the vibration generation efficiency and the vibration transmission efficiency while maintaining a high suppression effect of heat generation.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements have antinodes in the middle of the plurality of piezoelectric elements in the thickness direction, and the longitudinal vibrations have antinodes on both sides in the thickness direction of the plurality of piezoelectric elements. May be generated.
- the piezoelectric elements disposed on one side and the other side in the thickness direction of the node may have different thicknesses. By doing in this way, the difference in thickness between two adjacent piezoelectric elements can be further suppressed, and the output can be further increased.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements may be arranged so that the thickness distribution is symmetric with respect to the node.
- the number of the piezoelectric elements arranged on one side and the other side of the thickness direction of the node may be three or more.
- FIG. 1 is an external view showing an overall configuration of an ultrasonic therapy apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the (a) side view which shows the whole structure of the ultrasonic transducer
- FIG. 1 is an external view showing the overall configuration of an ultrasonic therapy apparatus 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the ultrasonic transducer 1 according to this embodiment is applied to an ultrasonic therapy apparatus 101.
- the ultrasonic treatment apparatus 101 is connected to an ultrasonic treatment instrument 102 having an ultrasonic transducer 1 inside, and the treatment instrument 102 via a cable 109.
- a control unit 103 for supplying a high-frequency drive voltage and controlling the drive voltage.
- Reference numeral 105 denotes a probe whose base end is fixed to the ultrasonic transducer 1.
- the treatment instrument 102 is provided with a hand switch 102a for instructing start and stop of supply of drive voltage from the control unit 103 to the ultrasonic transducer 1.
- the driving voltage is supplied from the control unit 103 via the cable 109, so that the ultrasonic vibrator 1 generates ultrasonic vibration, and the ultrasonic vibration causes the probe 105 to move.
- the tip of the probe 105 vibrates.
- frictional heat is generated in the tissue in contact with the distal end portion of the probe 105 so that the tissue can be coagulated or incised.
- a treatment instrument 102 that directly contacts a tissue with a horn provided at the tip of the ultrasonic transducer 1 may be employed.
- the ultrasonic transducer 1 is a transducer main body (hereinafter simply referred to as “main body”) including a bolted Langevin type (BLT) transducer. ) 2 and a heat radiating tube 10 for housing the main body 2.
- Reference numeral 14 denotes an electrically insulating outer cylinder that covers the outside of the ultrasonic transducer 1.
- the main body 2 includes a horn 3, a first metal body 4, a multilayer body 5 composed of a plurality of piezoelectric elements, and a second metal body 6 in order along the longitudinal axis A from the distal end side. .
- the main body 2 includes a bolt 7 and a nut 8 for fastening the first metal body 4, the laminated body 5 and the second metal body 6 together.
- the horn 3 and the bolt 7 are a single member made of a metal having high ultrasonic wave propagation efficiency and high strength, and are preferably made of 64 titanium alloy (B348 Grade 5 of ASTM standard).
- the horn 3 has a substantially conical shape that tapers toward the tip.
- the bolt 7 extends straight along the longitudinal axis A from the base end face of the horn 3 toward the base end side.
- the first metal body 4, the laminated body 5, and the second metal body 6 are formed with bolt holes 9 that penetrate along the longitudinal axis A and into which the bolts 7 are inserted.
- the nut 8 is fastened to the base end portion of the bolt 7 protruding from the base end surface of the second metal body 6, whereby the laminate 5 is separated from both sides by the first metal body 4 and the second metal body 6. It is tightened firmly.
- the nut 8 may be omitted, and the second metal body 6 may also serve as the nut 8 by having a female screw that is fastened to the bolt 7.
- the laminate 5 When a high-frequency drive voltage from a high-frequency power source (not shown) mounted in the control unit 103 is applied to the laminate 5, the laminate 5 generates longitudinal vibration in the direction of the longitudinal axis A, and the generated longitudinal vibration is a bolt. 7, the tip of the horn 3 vibrates in the direction of the longitudinal axis A. At this time, the longitudinal vibration is amplified while it is transmitted from the proximal end of the horn 3 to the distal end, so that a vibration with a large amplitude is obtained at the distal end of the horn 3.
- the frequency of the drive voltage is selected from the range of 20 kHz or more and 100 kHz or less so that the distal end, the intermediate position, and the proximal end of the main body 2 are antinodes of longitudinal vibration.
- the first metal body 4 is a columnar member, and is formed from a metal material having high strength and elasticity such as a titanium alloy or an aluminum alloy.
- the second metal body 6 is a columnar member and is formed from a metal material such as a titanium alloy or an aluminum alloy.
- the metal bodies 4 and 6 may be formed from ceramics (for example, duralumin) whose main component is aluminum.
- the laminated body 5 includes a plurality of plate-like piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 arranged in the longitudinal axis A direction.
- the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 are made of a piezoelectric material such as lead titanium zirconate, barium titanate, or potassium sodium niobate, and are polarized in the thickness direction.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 may be formed of the same type of piezoelectric material or may be formed of different types of piezoelectric material.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 may be formed of piezoelectric materials that are the same type but have different physical property values.
- the laminated body 5 includes piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 and thin plate electrodes (not shown) so that each piezoelectric element 51, 52, 53, 54 is sandwiched between two electrodes in the thickness direction. It has a stacked structure in which layers are stacked alternately in the thickness direction. In the laminate 5, the polarization directions of the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 are alternately reversed. An insulator (not shown) is sandwiched between the multilayer body 5 and the first metal body 4 and between the multilayer body 5 and the second metal body 6. The metal body 4 and the second metal body 6 are electrically insulated.
- the electrodes constitute positive and negative electrodes alternately in the longitudinal axis A direction. All the electrodes are connected in parallel to a common high-frequency power source (not shown) in the control unit 103 via the electric cable 109, and a common alternating voltage is applied as a drive voltage from the high-frequency power source. .
- a common high-frequency power source not shown
- each piezoelectric element 51, 52, 53, 54 expands and contracts in the direction of the longitudinal axis A, and longitudinal vibration in the direction along the longitudinal axis A is generated in the entire laminate 5. It has become.
- the ultrasonic transducer 1 is designed such that a longitudinal vibration node N appears at the center of the laminated body 5 in the longitudinal axis A direction, and an antinode appears on the distal end side and the proximal end side of the laminated body 5.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 are thicker in order from the distal end side toward the node N and in order from the proximal end side toward the node N. Is arranged so that the Further, the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 arranged on the distal end side of the node N have different thicknesses, and the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 arranged on the proximal end side of the node N are , Have different thicknesses. Further, the thickness distribution of the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 is symmetrical with respect to the node N, and the node N is located between the two thickest piezoelectric elements 51 arranged in the center.
- a total of eight piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 are provided in the laminate 5.
- the thickest piezoelectric element is referred to as a first piezoelectric element 51
- the second thickest piezoelectric element is referred to as a second piezoelectric element 52
- the third thickest piezoelectric element is referred to as a third piezoelectric element 53
- the thinnest piezoelectric element is referred to as a fourth piezoelectric element 54.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 increase in thickness sequentially from the piezoelectric element located on the most ventral side to the piezoelectric element located on the most node side. Thus, it is preferable that they are arranged.
- an alternating voltage having a resonance frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 1 or a frequency close to the resonance frequency is supplied from the high-frequency power source to the electric cable 109.
- the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53 and 54 expand and contract in the longitudinal axis A direction, and longitudinal vibrations are generated in the laminate 5.
- Longitudinal vibration generated in the laminate 5 is transmitted to the probe 105 through the first metal body 4 and the horn 3, and the tip of the probe 105 vibrates in the longitudinal axis A direction. Therefore, the living tissue can be treated by bringing the tip of the vibrating probe 105 into contact with the living tissue.
- the distribution of the displacement amount is small at the position close to the node N, large at the position near the antinode, and zero at the position of the node N.
- the broken line represents the amount of displacement at each position of the stacked body 5.
- the magnitude of vibration generated by each piezoelectric element 51, 52, 53, 54 varies depending on the position in the stacked body 5.
- the electric power supplied to all the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 is equal regardless of the amount of displacement.
- the electric power is the product of the alternating voltage and the current flowing through each piezoelectric element, and the current flowing through each piezoelectric element depends on the thickness of the piezoelectric element as will be described later. Therefore, in the piezoelectric element 51 on the node N side, the power is excessive and part of the power is converted into heat instead of vibration, or the required vibration speed is obtained in the abdominal piezoelectric element 54 due to insufficient power. It may not be possible.
- the alternating voltage supplied to the node N side piezoelectric element 51 also increases, so the amount of heat generation increases.
- the ratio of the work (the magnitude of generated vibration) to the input power of each piezoelectric element varies depending on the position of the piezoelectric element, the amount of power input to all the piezoelectric elements is equal. , Overs and shorts of power occur.
- a thick first piezoelectric element 51 is disposed on the node N side that requires a small amount of displacement and requires a small amount of power
- a thin fourth piezoelectric element that has a large amount of displacement and requires a large amount of power on the abdomen side. 54 is arranged. Therefore, the electric power required for each of the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 is input without excess or deficiency. Accordingly, there is an advantage that the output (vibration speed of the tip of the horn 3) is increased while suppressing heat generation, and the driving can be stably performed with a high output.
- the thicker piezoelectric element when the magnitude of the alternating voltage applied to the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 is equal, the thicker piezoelectric element, the smaller the electric power supplied. This is because the structure in which the piezoelectric element is sandwiched between the electrodes is equivalent to a capacitor, and each piezoelectric element has a capacitance. That is, the thicker the piezoelectric element, the smaller the capacitance and the smaller the current flowing through the piezoelectric element.
- the thick piezoelectric element 51 on the node N side, it is possible to increase the conversion efficiency of the input electric power into mechanical vibration and suppress the heat generation at the node N.
- the amount of heat generation is greatest at the node N in the ultrasonic transducer 1. This is because the closer to the node N, the easier the electric power is converted to heat and the greater the stress generated in the piezoelectric element. By suppressing the heat generation at the node N, the heat generation of the entire ultrasonic transducer 1 can be effectively suppressed.
- the operation of the medical ultrasonic transducer 1 is limited so that the temperature rise during driving is maintained below a predetermined threshold (for example, 20 ° C.).
- a predetermined threshold for example, 20 ° C.
- the alternating voltage applied to the laminate 5 while keeping the temperature rise of the ultrasonic vibrator 1 below a predetermined threshold value. And the ultrasonic transducer 1 can be driven efficiently.
- the front end of the laminated body 5 is an output end that outputs vibration to the first metal body 4.
- the vibration speed at the front end of the laminated body 5 is increased. It becomes important. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the output of the ultrasonic transducer 1 can be effectively increased.
- vibration transmission efficiency can be reduced due to the difference in vibration speed between piezoelectric elements having different thicknesses.
- the difference in thickness and vibration speed between the two adjacent piezoelectric elements are reduced.
- the vibration transmission efficiency is prevented from being lowered.
- vibrator 1 can further be raised.
- the difference in vibration speed between two adjacent piezoelectric elements can be sufficiently increased.
- the output can be kept small, and a higher output can be obtained.
- the piezoelectric elements 51 and 52 are arranged so that the Young's modulus decreases in order from the distal end side toward the node N and from the proximal end side toward the node N.
- 53, 54 may be arranged.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 are arranged so that the Young's modulus of the piezoelectric element located closest to the node is lower than the Young's modulus of the piezoelectric element located closest to the belly side. It is preferable.
- the Young's modulus represents the ratio of the Young's modulus of each piezoelectric element 51, 52, 53, 54 to the Young's modulus of the first metal body 4.
- the difference in Young's modulus between two adjacent piezoelectric elements is preferably small.
- the difference in Young's modulus between the adjacent metal body 4 or 6 and the piezoelectric element 54 is also small. Since the Young's modulus of the metal material is generally higher than that of the piezoelectric material, a material having a high Young's modulus is used as the material of the fourth piezoelectric element 54 adjacent to the metal bodies 4 and 6.
- the first piezoelectric element 51 having a small input power is formed of a material having a low Young's modulus so that a larger vibration can be generated.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 are arranged so that the Young's modulus decreases in order from the distal end side and the node N and from the proximal end side toward the node N.
- the Young's modulus decreases in order from the distal end side and the node N and from the proximal end side toward the node N.
- the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 are arranged so that the piezoelectric constants increase in order from the distal end side toward the node N and from the proximal end side toward the node N. May be.
- the plurality of piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, 54 are arranged so that the thickness increases in order from the piezoelectric element located on the most ventral side to the piezoelectric element located on the most node side. Preferably it is.
- the thicknesses of the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 are all different on the distal end side and the proximal end side of the node N, but instead, the distal end side and the proximal end of the node N are changed.
- Two or more piezoelectric elements having the same thickness on each of the end sides may be provided.
- two or more piezoelectric elements having the same thickness are integrally joined to function as a set of piezoelectric elements, and the number of piezoelectric elements to be joined in each set from the ventral side to the node side
- a plurality of sets of piezoelectric elements may be arranged adjacent to each other by increasing the number in order. When a plurality of sets of piezoelectric elements are arranged in this way, the set with the smallest thickness may be composed of a single piezoelectric element.
- the thickness distribution of the piezoelectric elements 51, 52, 53, and 54 is symmetric with respect to the node N.
- it may be asymmetric.
- the piezoelectric element disposed on the distal end side of the node N and the piezoelectric element disposed on the proximal end side of the node N may have different thicknesses. Even if it does in this way, the suppression effect of heat_generation
- the ultrasonic transducer 1 generates a longitudinal vibration having a node N at the center of the laminate 5 in the longitudinal axis A direction and having antinodes on both sides of the laminate 5 in the longitudinal axis A direction.
- the node N and the position of the antinode of the longitudinal vibration are not limited to this, and may be changed as appropriate.
- the ultrasonic transducer 1 may be designed so as to generate a longitudinal vibration having a node N on the distal end side of the stacked body 5 and an antinode on the proximal end side of the stacked body 5.
- a plurality of piezoelectric elements may be arranged so that the thickness of the piezoelectric elements increases in order from the base end side toward the front end side.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、厚さ方向に積層され、前記厚さ方向の縦振動を発生する複数の圧電素子を備え、該複数の圧電素子は、前記縦振動の腹側から前記縦振動の節側に向かって順番に厚さが大きくなるように、配列されている超音波振動子を提供する。
本発明によれば、積層された複数の圧電素子に厚さ方向に電圧を印加して圧電素子を厚さ方向に振動させることによって、複数の圧電素子全体に厚さ方向の縦振動を発生させることができる。
また、上記発明においては、前記腹側から前記節側に向かって順番にヤング率が低くなるように配列されていてもよく、最も前記節側に位置する圧電素子のヤング率が最も前記腹側に位置する圧電素子のヤング率よりも低くなるように配列されていてもよい。
このようにすることで、発熱の高い抑制効果を維持しながら、振動の発生効率および振動の伝達効率をさらに高めることができる。
上記発明においては、前記節の前記厚さ方向の一側および他側の各々に配置された前記圧電素子が、互いに異なる厚さを有していてもよい。
このようにすることで、隣接する2つの圧電素子間の厚さの差をより小さく抑え、出力をさらに高めることができる。
このようにすることで、発熱の抑制効果が節の両側において対称的に生じるので、超音波振動子全体の発熱をさらに効果的に抑制することができる。
このようにすることで、隣接する2つの圧電素子間の厚さの差をより小さく抑え、出力をさらに高めることができる。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る超音波治療装置101の全体構成を示す外観図である。図1に示されるように、本実施形態に係る超音波振動子1は超音波治療装置101に適用される。
超音波治療装置101は、図1に示されるように、超音波振動子1を内部に有する超音波処置具102と、該処置具102にケーブル109を介して接続され、超音波振動子1に高周波の駆動電圧を供給するとともにこの駆動電圧を制御する制御ユニット103とを備えている。符号105は、基端が超音波振動子1に固定されたプローブである。
第2の金属体6は、柱状の部材であり、チタン合金やアルミ合金のような金属材料から形成されている。
金属体4,6は、アルミニウムを主成分とするセラミックス(例えば、ジュラルミン)から形成されていてもよい。
本実施形態に係る超音波振動子1によって超音波振動を発生させるためには、高周波電源から、超音波振動子1の共振周波数または該共振周波数の近傍の周波数を有する交番電圧を電気ケーブル109を介して積層体5の電極に供給する。これにより、各圧電素子51,52,53,54が長手軸A方向に伸縮振動して積層体5に縦振動が発生する。積層体5に発生した縦振動は第1の金属体4およびホーン3を介してプローブ105に伝達され、プローブ105の先端が長手軸A方向に振動する。したがって、振動するプローブ105の先端を生体組織に接触させることによって、生体組織を処置することができる。
このようにすることで、特に第1圧電素子51による振動の発生効率を高めて、さらに高い出力を得ることができるという利点がある。
また、超音波振動子1の振動特性に関係する他のパラメータ(例えば比誘電率)を、圧電定数や厚さ等に応じて適宜調整してもよい。
この場合、等しい厚さを有する2枚以上の圧電素子を一体的に接合することで一組の圧電素子として機能するようにし、腹側から節側に向かって各組の接合する圧電素子の枚数を順番に増やすことで、複数組の圧電素子を隣接して配置するようにしてもよい。このように複数組の圧電素子を配置する場合、最も厚みの小さい組は、単一の圧電素子から構成されていてもよい。
このようにしても、節N側に厚い圧電素子を配置し、腹側に薄い圧電素子を配置することによる、発熱の抑制効果を得ることができる。
例えば、積層体5の先端側に節Nを有し、積層体5の基端側に腹を有する縦振動を発生するように、超音波振動子1が設計されてもよい。この場合には、基端側から先端側に向かって順番に圧電素子の厚さが大きくなるように、複数の圧電素子を配列すればよい。
4 第1の金属体
5 積層体
6 第2の金属体
51,52,53,54 圧電素子
N 節
Claims (10)
- 厚さ方向に積層され、前記厚さ方向の縦振動を発生する複数の圧電素子を備え、
該複数の圧電素子は、前記縦振動の腹側から前記縦振動の節側に向かって順番に厚さが大きくなるように、配列されている超音波振動子。 - 前記複数の圧電素子は、最も前記腹側に位置する圧電素子から最も前記節側に位置する圧電素子に向かって、順番に厚さが大きくなるように、配列されている請求項1に記載の超音波振動子。
- 前記複数の圧電素子は、前記腹側から前記節側に向かって順番に圧電定数が高くなるように、配列されている請求項1または請求項2に記載の超音波振動子。
- 前記複数の圧電素子は、最も前記腹側に位置する圧電素子から最も前記節側に位置する圧電素子に向かって圧電定数が順番に高くなるように、配列されている請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の超音波振動子。
- 前記複数の圧電素子は、前記腹側から前記節側に向かって順番にヤング率が低くなるように、配列されている請求項1または請求項2に記載の超音波振動子。
- 前記複数の圧電素子は、最も前記節側に位置する圧電素子のヤング率が最も前記腹側に位置する圧電素子のヤング率よりも低くなるように、配列されている請求項1、請求項2または請求項5に記載の超音波振動子。
- 前記複数の圧電素子が、該複数の圧電素子の前記厚さ方向の途中位置に腹を有し、前記複数の圧電素子の前記厚さ方向の両側に腹を有する前記縦振動を発生する請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載の超音波振動子。
- 前記節の前記厚さ方向の一側および他側の各々に配置された前記圧電素子が、互いに異なる厚さを有する請求項7に記載の超音波振動子。
- 前記複数の圧電素子は、前記節に対して前記厚さの分布が対称となるように、配列されている請求項7または請求項8に記載の超音波振動子。
- 前記節の前記厚さ方向の一側および他側の各々に配置された前記圧電素子の数が、3以上である請求項1から請求項9のいずれかに記載の超音波振動子。
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PCT/JP2015/086122 WO2017109917A1 (ja) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | 超音波振動子 |
CN201580085414.1A CN108430653B (zh) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | 超声波振子 |
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