WO2017088469A1 - 一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统和方法 - Google Patents

一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统和方法 Download PDF

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WO2017088469A1
WO2017088469A1 PCT/CN2016/087210 CN2016087210W WO2017088469A1 WO 2017088469 A1 WO2017088469 A1 WO 2017088469A1 CN 2016087210 W CN2016087210 W CN 2016087210W WO 2017088469 A1 WO2017088469 A1 WO 2017088469A1
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module
camera
image
tested
surface scanning
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PCT/CN2016/087210
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘海
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武汉精测电子技术股份有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1306—Details
    • G02F1/1309—Repairing; Testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N2021/9513—Liquid crystal panels

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of automatic optical detection of an LCD liquid crystal module, and particularly relates to a high-precision automatic optical detection system and method based on a mechanical arm.
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • communication products such as car navigation systems, mobile phones
  • consumer electronics such as LCD TVs, cameras
  • LCDs are used as control panels, and their application range is very wide. Due to the long process flow of the LCD and the increasing size of the substrate and the increasingly precise line size, strict quality control is required in the production process of the LCD.
  • the traditional LCD detection method is mainly through manual detection, which brings many uncontrollable factors to quality inspection due to subjective differences. To this end, the use of machine vision inspection system instead of manual operation can eliminate the drawbacks caused by manual detection and improve the quality and efficiency of detection.
  • the current machine vision inspection system uses a single camera to detect defects, and can only be used for fixed-position panels.
  • the accuracy is not high, the accuracy is low, the flexibility is poor, and the detection time is long, which cannot meet the actual production capacity requirements of the manufacturer. .
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above background art, and to provide a robot arm-based high precision with high flexibility, high precision, flexibility to match the manufacturer's production line, and effective detection time and accuracy. Automatic optical inspection systems and methods.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a high-precision automatic optical detection system based on a mechanical arm, comprising a mechanical arm, a surface scanning module, an image processing module and a system control module, wherein
  • the robot arm is configured to adjust the position of the surface scanning module according to the control signal of the system control module, so that the camera in the surface scanning module is aligned with the module to be tested, positioned in the front and rear, and aligned in the right and left direction.
  • the parallel alignment is to make the camera
  • the plane is parallel to the plane of the module to be tested, and the front and rear positioning is to move the camera to an appropriate working distance,
  • the alignment is to divide the focus picture on the module to be tested according to the number of cameras, and control each camera center to be aligned with the center of each focus picture;
  • the surface scanning module is mounted on the robot arm, including a laser, a plurality of cameras, and a motor respectively connected to the plurality of cameras.
  • the laser is used to detect the distance between the surface scanning module and the module to be tested, and sends the detected data to the a system control module
  • the camera is configured to capture a focus picture or a fixed picture on the module to be tested, and send the captured image to an image processing module
  • the motor is configured to control the position of the camera according to the received control signal
  • An image processing module configured to receive an image captured by the camera, process the image captured by the camera, and send the processed image parameter to the system control module;
  • the system control module is configured to send a control signal to the robot arm or the motor according to the received laser detection data and image parameters.
  • a high-precision automatic optical detection method based on a robot arm comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Adjust the position of the surface scanning module by the mechanical arm, so that the surface scanning module and the module to be tested are automatically aligned;
  • Step 2 Control each camera to detect the module to be tested, and display the detection result on the display interface.
  • the automatic alignment includes parallel alignment, front and rear positioning, and left and right alignment.
  • the parallel alignment is: a deviation value between a plane of the laser detection surface scanning module on the surface scanning module and a plane of the module to be tested, and the front and rear moving surface scanning module of the mechanical arm is controlled according to the deviation value to make the surface scanning module
  • the plane is parallel to the plane of the module to be tested;
  • the front and rear positioning is: calculating the working distance of the camera in the surface scanning module, and then controlling the front and rear moving surface scanning module of the mechanical arm so that the distance between the plane of the surface scanning module and the plane of the module to be tested is the working distance;
  • the left and right alignment is: controlling the module to be tested to light, dividing the picture on the module to be tested into N equal focus images, and setting the field map in the center of each equal focus screen, N is equal to the camera in the surface scanning module.
  • the number of each camera in the control plane scanning module respectively captures the corresponding focusing image, and the focusing image forms an imaging image in the camera, respectively adjusting the position of each camera so that the center of the field image and the imaging image on the imaging screen in each camera The center of the coincidence.
  • the camera on the surface scanning module comprises a central camera and an edge camera located on both sides of the central camera, and the left side and the upper and lower movements of the surface scanning module are first adjusted by the mechanical arm to make the field map center on the imaging image in the central camera. It coincides with the center of the imaging picture; then the left and right movements of each edge camera are sequentially adjusted by the motor, so that the center of the field map on the imaging picture in each edge camera coincides with the center of the imaging picture.
  • the detecting includes controlling each camera to take a respective focused focus picture, and dividing the effective area corresponding to each camera according to the area of the field map in the captured image.
  • the detecting further comprises: after the effective area is divided, the fixed picture is imported into the module to be tested, and each camera is controlled to respectively capture a fixed picture, and the captured image is processed.
  • the processing of the captured image includes performing a cropping process on the coincident portion in the fixed image captured by each camera according to the divided effective region, and performing defect detection, defect recognition, and level determination on the cropped image.
  • the invention is directed to the tilting module which is not horizontally placed or fixed in position, and realizes the parallel alignment of the multi-camera camera and the module quickly by the robot arm and the motor, thereby ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the camera photographing; the mechanical arm is also flexible at the same time.
  • the characteristics can be tested according to the actual production line, single-station or multi-station, flexible matching with the manufacturer's production line, thus effectively improving the detection efficiency and saving the detection time; for different sizes of module detection, configurable different
  • the number of cameras ensures detection accuracy and accuracy; image processing is separated from system control, and each camera image is processed in parallel to maximize the use of system resources and improve detection efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a top plan view of the inspection system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the detection system of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart of the registration control of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of the detection control of the present invention.
  • the present invention is based on a high-precision automatic optical inspection system for a robot arm, including a robot arm, a surface scanning module, an image processing module, and a system control module, wherein:
  • the mechanical arm is configured to adjust the position of the surface scanning module according to the control signal of the system control module, so that the camera in the surface scanning module is aligned with the module to be tested, positioned in front and rear, and aligned in the right and left.
  • the specific adjustment process is described below.
  • the surface scanning module is mounted on the robot arm and includes a laser, a plurality of cameras, and a motor respectively connected to the plurality of cameras.
  • the plurality of cameras includes a central camera in the middle and an edge camera on both sides of the central camera, defining a central camera as a standard
  • the camera is fixed, and the edge camera other than the central camera can be moved left and right by the connected motor.
  • the laser, the robot arm and the motor are controlled by the system control module, and each camera is controlled by the image processing module.
  • the laser is used to detect the distance between the surface scanning module and the module to be tested, and sends the detected data to the system control module; the camera is used to capture the focusing image on the module to be tested, and the captured image is sent to the image processing. Module; the motor is used to control the position of the camera according to the received control signal.
  • the image processing module is configured to receive an image captured by the camera, process the image captured by the camera, and send the processed image parameter to the system control module.
  • the system control module is configured to send a control signal to the robot arm or the motor according to the received laser detection data and image parameters.
  • the present invention implements an automatic optical detection method by using the above detection system, and includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 After the stack is pushed onto the stack, the module to be tested is moved into position, and the ID of the module to be tested is scanned using a barcode gun, and then the test is started. Because the position and tilt angle of each module to be tested are not fixed, there will be changes every time. Therefore, the position of the camera must be adjusted by the robot arm and the motor before the detection, so that the camera in the surface scanning module is parallel to the module to be tested. Position, front and rear positioning, right and left alignment, the purpose is to ensure that each camera is perpendicular to the module to be tested and aligned with the center of the area to be photographed. The specific adjustment process is as follows:
  • Parallel alignment is to make the plane of the camera in the surface scanning module parallel to the plane of the module to be tested, thus ensuring that the camera lens is perpendicular to the subject, and the quality of the captured image is more favorable to the back.
  • the system control module controls to turn on the laser, and the vertical distance between the multi-group surface scanning module and the module to be tested is detected by the laser on the surface scanning module, and the detected data is sent to the system control module, and the system control module is based on the detection. Whether the group data is the same to determine whether the plane of the surface scanning module is parallel to the plane of the module to be tested.
  • the scanning surface of the mechanical arm is controlled.
  • the module moves forward and backward according to the distance or angle, and then continues to detect the distance through the laser until the multiple sets of data of the laser detection are the same, indicating that the plane of the surface scanning module is parallel to the plane of the module to be tested, that is, the optical axis of the camera in the scanning module and The plane of the module to be tested is vertical.
  • the camera in the plane and surface scanning module of the surface scanning module defined by the present invention The plane is the same plane.
  • Front and rear positioning is to move the camera to the appropriate working distance, which is convenient for the camera to take images.
  • the robot arm is controlled to move the surface scanning module forward and backward so that the distance between the plane of the surface scanning module and the plane of the module to be tested is the working distance WD.
  • Left and right alignment The left and right alignment is to divide the module to be tested according to the number of cameras, and multiple cameras are respectively aligned with the center of the equally divided area, so that the modules captured by each camera are in the middle of the image, Conducive to the subsequent image processing.
  • the left and right alignments are divided into three steps:
  • the image processing module controls the central camera to first capture the corresponding focus picture (ie, the field map), the focus picture forms an imaging picture in the central camera, and the image processing module can determine the imaging picture after receiving the imaging picture.
  • Edge camera alignment The image processing module controls each edge camera to separately capture the corresponding focus image, and determines the offset distance of each edge camera according to the difference between the center coordinates of the captured field map and the center coordinates of the imaged image. Then, the system control module controls the motor action connected to each edge camera, and drives the edge camera to move left and right by the motor, so that the center of the field map on the imaging image in each edge camera coincides with the center of the imaged image, so that each camera is aligned The corresponding field map center is completed, and the automatic alignment is completed.
  • Step 2 After the alignment between the surface scanning module and the module to be tested is completed, the detection panel is started to be detected, including dividing the effective area, controlling each camera to take a focus image of each of the cameras, and the image processing module processes the image after the shooting. According to the area of the field map, the effective area corresponding to each camera is divided.
  • Step 3 The fixed screen is imported into the module to be tested, each camera respectively captures a corresponding fixed picture, and the captured image is sent to the image processing module, and the image processing module respectively performs the fixed image captured by each camera according to the previously divided effective area.
  • the overlapping portion performs cropping processing, and performs defect detection, defect recognition, and level determination on the cropped image.
  • Step 4 After the image processing module finishes processing, the data system control module sends the processing result to the system control module, and displays the defect result and the level of the determination on the upper interface.

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Abstract

一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统和方法，其检测过程为：通过机械手臂调节面扫描模块位置，使面扫描模块与待测模组自动对位；控制各相机对待测模组进行检测，在显示界面显示检测结果。通过机械手臂和电机快速实现多相机和模组的平行对位，保证了相机拍图的高效和准确，提高检测效率，节省检测时间；多相机的配置可灵活适应不同尺寸的模组检测，保证了检测精度和准确度。

Description

一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统和方法 技术领域
本发明属于LCD液晶模组的自动光学检测技术领域，具体涉及一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统和方法。
背景技术
近年来，由于LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示屏)具有轻、薄的良好特性，因此在绝大部分的通讯产品(如汽车导航系统、移动电话)、消费性电子产品(如LCD电视、摄影机)、仪器产品及工业自动化产品等领域中，都用LCD作为控制面板，其应用范围十分广泛。由于LCD整个生产工艺流程长，而且基板尺寸越来越大，线路尺寸越来越精密，因此，在LCD的生产过程中需要进行严格的质量控制。传统的LCD检测方法主要是通过人工检测，由于人的主观差异，会给质量检测带来很多不可控因素。为此采用机器视觉检测系统代替人工操作，可以消除人工检测带来的种种弊端，能够提高检测的质量与效率。然而，目前的机器视觉检测系统采用单相机进行检测缺陷，且只能针对位置固定的面板，精确度不高，准确率较低，灵活性差，检测时间较长，无法满足厂商产线实际产能要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决上述背景技术存在的不足，提供一种灵活性强、精度高、可以灵活与厂商的产线相匹配、能有效提高检测的时间和准确度的基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统和方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统，包括机械手臂、面扫描模块、图像处理模块和系统控制模块，其中，
机械手臂，用于根据系统控制模块的控制信号调节面扫描模块的位置，使面扫描模块中的相机与待测模组平行对位、前后定位、左右对位，所述平行对位是使相机所在平面与待测模组所在平面平行，所述前后定位是使相机移动到适当的工作距离，所述左右 对位是将待测模组上的对焦画面根据相机个数均分，控制各相机中心分别对准各对焦画面的正中心；
面扫描模块，安装于机械手臂上，包括镭射、多个相机和分别与多个相机连接的电机，镭射用于检测面扫描模块与待测模组之间的间距，并将检测的数据发送至系统控制模块，相机用于拍摄待测模组上的对焦画面或固定画面，并将拍摄的图像发送至图像处理模块，电机用于根据接收的控制信号控制调节相机的位置；
图像处理模块，用于接收相机拍摄的图像，并对相机拍摄的图像进行处理，将处理的图像参数发送至系统控制模块；
系统控制模块，用于根据接收的镭射检测的数据和图像参数向机械手臂或电机发送控制信号。
一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，通过机械手臂调整面扫描模块位置，使面扫描模块与待测模组自动对位；
步骤2，控制各相机对待测模组进行检测，在显示界面显示检测结果。
进一步地，所述自动对位包括平行对位、前后定位和左右对位，
所述平行对位为：通过面扫描模块上的镭射检测面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面之间的偏差值，根据偏差值控制机械手臂前后移动旋转面扫描模块，使面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面平行；
所述前后定位为：计算面扫描模块中相机的工作距离，然后控制机械手臂前后移动面扫描模块，使面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面之间的距离为工作距离；
所述左右对位为：控制待测模组点亮，将待测模组上的画面分成N等份对焦画面，每等份对焦画面中心设置田字图，N等于面扫描模块中的相机的个数；控制面扫描模块中的各相机分别拍摄与其对应的对焦画面，对焦画面在相机内形成成像画面，分别调节各相机位置，使各相机内的成像画面上的田字图中心与成像画面的中心重合。
进一步地，所述面扫描模块上的相机包括中央相机和位于中央相机两侧的边缘相机，先通过机械手臂调节面扫描模块左右和上下移动，使中央相机内的成像画面上的田字图中心与成像画面的中心重合；再通过电机依次调节各边缘相机左右移动，使各边缘相机内的成像画面上的田字图中心与成像画面的中心重合。
进一步地，所述检测包括控制各相机拍摄各自对准的对焦画面，根据拍摄图像中的田字图的区域，划分各个相机对应的有效区域。
进一步地，所述检测还包括在有效区域划分后，将固定画面导入待测模组，控制各相机分别拍摄固定画面，对拍摄的图像进行处理。
更进一步地，所述对拍摄的图像进行处理包括根据划分的有效区域对各相机拍摄的固定画面中的重合部分进行裁剪处理，对裁剪处理后的图像进行缺陷检测、缺陷识别和等级判定。
本发明针对非水平放置或位置不固定的倾斜模组，通过机械手臂和电机快速实现多相机相机和模组的平行对位，保证了相机拍图的高效和准确；机械手臂同时具有灵活性强的特点，可以根据产线实际，进行单工位或多工位的检测，灵活与厂商的产线相匹配，从而有效提高检测效率，节省检测时间；针对不同尺寸的模组检测，可配置不同数量的相机，保证检测精度和准确度；图像处理与系统控制分离，各个相机图像并行处理，最大程度利用系统资源，提高检测效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明检测系统的俯视图。
图2为本发明检测系统的斜视图。
图3为本发明对位控制的流程图。
图4为本发明检测控制的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明，便于清楚地了解本发明，但它们不对本发明构成限定。
如图1、图2所示，本发明基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统，包括机械手臂、面扫描模块、图像处理模块和系统控制模块，其中：
机械手臂，用于根据系统控制模块的控制信号调节面扫描模块的位置，使面扫描模块中的相机与待测模组平行对位、前后定位、左右对位，具体调整过程在下面描述。
面扫描模块，安装于机械手臂上，包括镭射、多个相机和分别与多个相机连接的电机，多个相机包括位于中间的中央相机和位于中央相机两侧的边缘相机，定义中央相机为标准相机，固定不动，除中央相机以外的边缘相机可在于其连接的电机带动下左右移动，镭射、机械手臂和电机均系统控制模块控制，各个相机由图像处理模块控制。镭射用于检测面扫描模块与待测模组之间的间距，并将检测的数据发送至系统控制模块；相机用于拍摄待测模组上的对焦画面，并将拍摄的图像发送至图像处理模块；电机用于根据接收的控制信号控制调节相机的位置。
图像处理模块，用于接收相机拍摄的图像，并对相机拍摄的图像进行处理，将处理的图像参数发送至系统控制模块。
系统控制模块，用于根据接收的镭射检测的数据和图像参数向机械手臂或电机发送控制信号。
如图3、图4所示，本发明采用上述检测系统实现自动光学检测方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，栈板入栈，待测模组移动到位后，使用条码枪扫描待测模组的ID，然后开始测试。因为每个待测模组的位置和倾斜角度不是固定的，每次都会有变化，所以检测之前必须通过机械手臂和电机调整相机的位置，使面扫描模块中的相机与待测模组平行对位、前后定位、左右对位，目的是保证各个相机与待测模组垂直并对准要拍摄区域的中心位置，具体调节过程如下：
a)平行对位：平行对位是使面扫描模块中相机的所在平面与待测模组所在平面平行，这样就保证了相机镜头就与拍摄物是垂直的，拍摄的图像质量更有利于后面的检测。首先系统控制模块控制打开镭射，通过面扫描模块上的镭射检测多组面扫描模块与待测模组之间的垂直距离，并将检测的数据发送至系统控制模块，系统控制模块根据检测的多组数据是否相同来判断面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面是否平行，当面扫描模块与待测模组不平行时，根据多组数据之间的偏差值，通过控制机械手臂调节面扫描模块前后移动旋转对应距离或角度，再继续通过镭射检测距离，直至镭射检测的多组数据相同，则说明面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面平行，即扫描模块中的相机光轴与待测模组所在平面垂直。本发明定义的面扫描模块所在平面与面扫描模块中的相机 所在平面为同一平面。
b)前后定位：前后定位是使相机移动到适当的工作距离，便于相机拍摄图像。系统控制模块根据相机和待测模组的参数计算面扫描模块中相机的工作距离WD，WD＝(待测模组pixel大小/倍率/相机像元大小+1)*镜头焦距；然后系统控制模块控制机械手臂前后移动面扫描模块，使面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面之间的距离为工作距离WD。
c)左右对位：左右对位是将待测模组根据相机个数均分，多个相机分别对准均分区域的正中心，这样保证各个相机拍的模组都在图像的中间，更有利于后面的图像处理。左右对位分三步进行：
c1)点亮待测模组：控制待测模组点亮，将待测模组上的对焦画面分成N等份对焦画面，每等份对焦画面中心设置田字图，N等于面扫描模块中使用的相机的个数，这样每个相机会对应一个田字图的对焦画面。相机个数是根据模组大小和检测精度决定的，目前检测精度可支持到最小检测1/2dot的点缺陷。例如要检测50-65吋模组，则使用3个相机即可，这时待测模组需显示3等分的对焦画面，分别对应3个相机。
c2)中央相机对位：图像处理模块控制中央相机首先拍摄与其对应的对焦画面(即田字图)，对焦画面在中央相机内形成成像画面，图像处理模块接收到成像画面后，可以确定成像画面上的田字图中心坐标和成像画面中心坐标，根据田字图中心坐标和成像画面中心坐标之间的差值，可以确定相机的偏移距离，再通过系统控制模块控制机械手臂调节面扫描模块左右和上下移动一定距离，使中央相机内的成像画面上的田字图中心与成像画面的中心重合。
c3)边缘相机对位：图像处理模块控制各边缘相机分别拍摄与其对应的对焦画面，并根据拍摄的田字图中心坐标和成像画面中心坐标之间的差值，确定各边缘相机的偏移距离，然后系统控制模块控制与各边缘相机连接的电机动作，通过电机带动边缘相机左右移动，使各边缘相机内的成像画面上的田字图中心与成像画面的中心重合，这样各个相机都对准了各自对应的田字图中心，自动对位完成。
步骤2，面扫描模块与待测模组对位完成后，开始对待测面板进行检测，包括划分有效区域，控制各相机拍摄各自对准的对焦画面，图像处理模块处理拍摄后的图像，根 据所拍田字图的区域，划分出各个相机对应的有效区域。
步骤3，将固定画面导入待测模组，各相机分别拍摄对应的固定画面，并将拍摄的图像发送至图像处理模块，图像处理模块按照之前划分的有效区域分别对各相机拍摄的固定画面中的重合部分进行裁剪处理，对裁剪处理后的图像进行缺陷检测、缺陷识别和等级判定。
步骤4，图像处理模块处理完成后的数据系统控制模块发送至，系统控制模块合并各个有效区域的处理结果，并在上层界面显示缺陷结果和判定的等级。
检测过程中，若是单工位工作模式，则等待下一个模组到位后重新开始测试；若是双工位工作模式，另一工位模组到位后，移动机械手臂至另一工位，开始自动测试。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

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  1. 一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测系统，其特征在于：包括机械手臂、面扫描模块、图像处理模块和系统控制模块，其中，
    机械手臂，用于根据系统控制模块的控制信号调节面扫描模块的位置，使面扫描模块中的相机与待测模组平行对位、前后定位、左右对位，所述平行对位是使相机所在平面与待测模组所在平面平行，所述前后定位是使相机移动到适当的工作距离，所述左右对位是将待测模组上的对焦画面根据相机个数均分，控制各相机中心分别对准各对焦画面的正中心；
    面扫描模块，安装于机械手臂上，包括镭射、多个相机和分别与多个相机连接的电机，镭射用于检测面扫描模块与待测模组之间的间距，并将检测的数据发送至系统控制模块；相机用于拍摄待测模组上的对焦画面或固定画面，并将拍摄的图像发送至图像处理模块；电机用于根据接收的控制信号控制调节相机的位置；
    图像处理模块，用于接收相机拍摄的图像，并对相机拍摄的图像进行处理，将处理的图像参数发送至系统控制模块；
    系统控制模块，用于根据接收的镭射检测的数据和图像参数向机械手臂或电机发送控制信号。
  2. 一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1，通过机械手臂调整面扫描模块位置，使面扫描模块与待测模组自动对位；
    步骤2，控制面扫描模块中的各相机对待测模组进行检测，在显示界面显示检测结果。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测方法，其特征在于：所述自动对位包括平行对位、前后定位和左右对位，
    所述平行对位为：通过面扫描模块上的镭射检测面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面之间的偏差值，根据偏差值控制机械手臂前后移动旋转面扫描模块，使面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面平行；
    所述前后定位为：计算面扫描模块中相机的工作距离，然后控制机械手臂前后移动面扫描模块，使面扫描模块所在平面与待测模组所在平面之间的距离为工作距离；
    所述左右对位为：控制待测模组点亮，将待测模组上的画面分成N等份对焦画面，每等份对焦画面中心设置田字图，N等于面扫描模块中的相机的个数；控制面扫描模块中的各相机分别拍摄与其对应的对焦画面，对焦画面在相机内形成成像画面，分别调节各相机位置，使各相机内的成像画面上的田字图中心与成像画面的中心重合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测方法，其特征在于：所述面扫描模块上的相机包括中央相机和位于中央相机两侧的边缘相机，先通过机械手臂调节面扫描模块左右和上下移动，使中央相机内的成像画面上的田字图中心与成像画面的中心重合；再通过电机依次调节各边缘相机左右移动，使各边缘相机内的成像画面上的田字图中心与成像画面的中心重合。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测方法，其特征在于：所述检测包括控制各相机拍摄各自对准的对焦画面，根据拍摄图像中的田字图的区域，划分各个相机对应的有效区域。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测方法，其特征在于：所述检测还包括在有效区域划分后，将固定画面导入待测模组，控制各相机分别拍摄固定画面，对拍摄的图像进行处理。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种基于机械手臂的高精度自动光学检测方法，其特征在于：所述对拍摄的图像进行处理包括根据划分的有效区域对各相机拍摄的固定画面中的重合部分进行裁剪处理，对裁剪处理后的图像进行缺陷检测、缺陷识别和等级判定。
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