Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
  • A46D1/04—Preparing bristles
  • A46D1/05—Splitting; Pointing
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
  • A46D1/02—Bristles details
  • A46D1/0276—Bristles having pointed ends
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
  • A46D1/04—Preparing bristles
  • A46D1/055—Combing; Mixing; Sorting
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46B—BRUSHES
  • A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
  • A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
  • A46B2200/1066—Toothbrush for cleaning the teeth or dentures

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the mechanical sharpening of bristles and to a grinding device for the mechanical sharpening of bristles.
• sharpened bristles are used because they have an advantageous effect on the cleaning properties of the brush.
• a method for sharpening bristles, on the one hand, a method is known in which the bristles are clamped as bristle tufts in a tufts holder and sharpened mechanically with the aid of grinding devices.
• This method has the disadvantage that the bristles of the current state of the art can only be sharpened to a degree that satisfies the requirements for the cleaning properties of the brush insufficiently.
• a chemical method for sharpening bristles is known, with which the quality the bristle tips can be improved.
• the bristle ends are immersed in a strongly basic or acidic solution and pulled out over a period of about 30 minutes from the solution. At the point where the bristles are in contact with the solution, the surface of the bristles dissolves, thus resulting in a gradually decreasing diameter and thus sharpening of the bristle ends.
• the disadvantage of the chemical process is the environmentally harmful properties of the solution used. This not only endangers the employees and the environment through the solution, but also damages the equipment, for example by corrosion. This leads to lower service life of the machines and tools and is therefore disadvantageous from an economic point of view.
• the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for sharpening bristles, which provide a high quality of bristle tips guaranteed without resorting to environmentally harmful chemical solvents.
• This object is achieved by a method for the mechanical sharpening of bristles for brushes, in particular toothbrushes, by grinding, with the following steps: a) holding bristle tufts (12) in a tuft holder (18) such that the ratio (L / l) the free length (L) of the bristle tufts, measured from the holder to the free end to be sharpened, to the length (I) of the conical tip of the bristles to be generated is greater than or equal to 3, and b) grinding of the bristle ends at the first free end.
• the present invention provides, in processing, a completely different specification from the prior art as to how far the tuft of bristles should protrude from the support when the bristles are to have a point of predetermined length over which they taper. If, for example, the bristle tufts are ground so that the individual bristles have or have a sharpened length of 4 mm, then the bristle tufts are clamped in the tufts holder such that at the beginning of the grinding process the freely projecting length of the bristle tufts is at least 12 mm.
• the holder is to be understood as the point of the tufts holder, which is closest to the just ground end of the bristle tufts, but has contact with the bristle tufts.
• This method is also suitable for brushes with anchor-free fixed bristles, in which the bristles pointed on one side fastened, in particular adhesively bonded or welded, with their non-pointed end in the brush head, as well as for bristle tufts, which are fastened via an armature or a wire loop.
• the aforementioned ratio L / l is at least 4 and / or is less than or equal to 7, in particular less than or equal to 6.5.
• the invention provides the following further steps: c) changing the position of the bristle tufts in the tufts holder so that the same ratio is set for the not yet ground free end which was set for sharpening the already pointed end, and d) grinding the bristle ends at the second free end.
• a further embodiment of the inventive method provides in the aforementioned step a), tufts tufts in a tufts holder so that the free length of the bristle tufts from the holder to the free, to be pointed first end at least 12 mm and / or more than 40% of the total length of the uncut Bristle tufts is.
• this refined process following step b), comprises the following further steps: e) changing the position of the bristle tufts in the tuft holder such that the free length of the bristle tufts from the support to the free, opposite end of the tuft is at least 12 mm and / or more than 40% of the total length of the unpolished bristle tufts; and f) grinding the bristle ends at the second free end.
• the bristles are sharpened at both bristle ends, which is achieved by changing the position of the bristle tufts in the tufts holder, the large free length of the bristles, which is necessary to ensure a particularly high quality of bristle tips.
• the method of double-sided brushing is particularly suitable for brushes in which the bristles are folded and secured in the brush head with a metal anchor or wire loop.
• These bristles are preferably used in small brushes, in particular toothbrushes, whose bristles protrude from the brush head by about 10 mm to 15 mm.
• the tufts holder after step b) and before step d) is rotated by 180 ° about an axis which is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the clamped bristles to the bristle ends on the other side of the tufts in to bring a position to edit.
• the unpolished bristle tufts have a length of 26 mm to 32 mm and are due to this property ideal for toothbrushes with folded bristles.
• the invention further relates, in another solution, to a method for mechanically sharpening bristles for brushes, in particular toothbrushes, by grinding bristle tufts on an abrasive surface of a rotating tool, characterized in that the bristle tufts progressively increase in direction during the current grinding process the tool-side grinding surface are delivered and while the relative speed between the grinding surface and the bristle tufts is increasingly reduced.
• this solution can also be combined with the aforementioned solution.
• the tips of the bristles are first sharpened at a high grinding speed. Subsequently, the bristles are delivered ever further towards the grinding surface, so that one always larger portion of the bristle ends may come into contact with the abrasive surface. Thus, further, the bristle end is ground over an ever-increasing axial section. In this case, however, the grinding speed (relative speed between the bristle tufts and the grinding surface) also decreases increasingly, wherein the further delivery of the bristle tufts in the direction of the grinding surface and the reduction of the grinding speed can be carried out continuously. The grinding quality is thereby extremely improved, as extensive test series have shown.
• bristles can now be mechanically grinded from materials that were hitherto considered not to be mechanically sharpenable, for example made of nylon or PBT. This is accomplished by reducing the grinding speed when the bristles are over a relatively long length on the abrasive surface and the friction increases therewith. This generates less frictional heat. The bristles are no longer brought close to the critical melting temperature. Furthermore, the largest material removal anyway at the ends of the bristles is necessary, and at this point was already made at the beginning of the grinding process, a large part of the necessary material removal.
• the grinding surface moves in the process according to the invention relatively in space. The bristle tufts are rotated during grinding by the tufts holder also rotates.
• one or more grinding rollers are used, which preferably have a circular-cylindrical or conical circumferential surface on which the grinding process is carried out.
• the curved surface of the sanding rollers has an advantageous effect on the quality of the bristle tips.
• the tuft holder can rotate during grinding around a rotation axis which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the clamped bristles and at an angle of at least 80 ° to the axis of rotation of the grinding roller.
• This relative movement favors the sharpening of the bristle ends.
• the tuft holder is moved along the lateral surface during the grinding process substantially in the longitudinal direction.
• the travel direction of the tufts holder in particular does not run parallel to the axis of rotation of the sanding roller.
• this arrangement of the bristles relative to the grinding rollers has a favorable effect on the sharpening of the bristle ends, because they are increasingly pointed over a greater length.
• the tufts holder is preferably brought so close to the surface of the abrasive body that the farthest bristles abut the abrasive body over its entire rotational path.
• the smallest distance from the holder in the tufts holder to the grinding surface is in the range of 5 mm to 12 mm. It should be ensured that all bristles come into contact with the grinding wheel and are sharpened. Of course, however, it is possible that individual bristles are temporarily superimposed and thus not all bristles have uninterrupted contact with the abrasive body.
• a grinding device for the mechanical sharpening of bristles for brushes, in particular toothbrushes, comprises at least one tufts holder with at least one receptacle for a tuft of bristles and at least one grinding body with an abrasive surface.
• the tufts holder is formed with a holding unit, which clamps the at least one bristle tufts at different points of the bristle tufts over its length and a displacement of the bristle tufts allowed in non-clamping position of the tufts holder relative to tufts holder.
• the tuft holder serves as a tool and later forms no part of the finished brush head.
• the tufts holder makes it possible by its holding unit to adjust the free length of the bristles, which is necessary to achieve a particularly high quality of bristle tips. Furthermore, the tuft holder allows to grind at both free ends since the tufts must be rewound for this purpose because their oversized protruding length does not allow the tufts holder to be easily pivoted. Then namely the free length of the not yet polished tuft would not reach the minimum length according to the invention.
• the free length of the bristles from the support to the free end to be sharpened is at least 12 mm and / or more than 40% of the total length of the uncut bristle tufts.
• the tufts holder has several receptacles for a plurality of bristle tufts, which can be sharpened together in this way.
• the holding unit preferably comprises pressure elements and at least one elastic element arranged between the pressure elements.
• the elastic element in this case surrounds a receiving opening for the bristle tufts and can reduce by compression the cross section of the receiving opening in order to hold the bristle tufts in the receptacle.
• This structure allows a compact design and easy control of the holding unit.
• the elastic element may in this case be designed, for example, in the form of an O-ring or as a layer with a plurality of receiving openings which are made. Of course, if O-rings are provided, there must be an O-ring on each receptacle.
• the tuft holder may be rotated 180 degrees to tip both opposite ends of the bristle about an axis orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the clamped bristles.
• the grinding body is a grinding roller with a circumferential surface designed as an abrasive surface, which is preferably circular-cylindrical or conically shaped.
• the curved surface of the sanding rollers has an advantageous effect on the quality of the bristle tips.
• the tuft holder can rotate during grinding around a rotation axis, which is in particular parallel to the longitudinal direction of the clamped bristles and at an angle of at least 80 ° to the axis of rotation of the grinding roller. By this relative movement, the bristle ends are pointed sharply.
• the tuft holder is mounted to be movable along the lateral surface substantially in the longitudinal direction.
• the direction of travel of the tufts holder in particular does not run parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding roller and / or the distance of the tufts holder from the lateral surface and / or axis of rotation during the process is increasingly reduced.
• the ratio (R / r) of the radius of the grinding roller to the distance of the most distant to the axis of rotation of the tufts holder, clamped bristle tufts from the axis of rotation is approximately between 1 and 4, in particular 1 to 3.
• R / r the ratio of the radius of the grinding roller to the distance of the most distant to the axis of rotation of the tufts holder, clamped bristle tufts from the axis of rotation.
• FIG. 1 shows a side view of the method sequence according to the invention for the steps for double-sided sharpening of bristles in a grinding device according to the invention
• 2 shows a perspective view of the filling of a tufts holder with bristle tufts from a magazine
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the grinding process of the bristle tufts of a tufts holder on a grinding roller
• FIG. 4 shows the grinding process from FIG. 3 in a side view
• FIG. 5 shows a side view of a variant of the grinding device according to the invention with a conical grinding body
• - Figure 6 shows three different steps in the grinding of numerous bristle tufts
• - Figure 7 is a bristle, whose injection-molded end in different
• FIG. 8 shows a diagram which shows a relation of infeed depth and rotational speed of the grinding body
• FIG. 1 shows the method sequence for double-sided sharpening of bristles for brushes, in particular toothbrushes, using a grinding apparatus 10 in five steps.
• Tufts holder 18 brought into position and pushed by a slider 20 in the tufts holder 18.
• the bristle tufts 12 clamped in the tufts holder 18 are moved over the grinding body 22 and sharpened on their side coming into contact with the grinding body 22.
• the tuft holder 18 is rotated by 180 °.
• the fourth step follows a second step analogous grinding process, this time the opposite bristle ends 24 are sharpened.
• the tipped bristle tufts 12 are emptied from the tufts holder 18 into a bristle container 26.
• FIG. 2 shows the first step from FIG. 1 in a perspective view.
• the bristle tufts 12, having a length of about 26 mm to 32 mm (corresponding to the bristle length) and a diameter of about 1, 5 mm to 3 mm are removed from a tuft singler 14 a magazine 16, about a tufts holder 18 in position brought and pushed by a slider 20 into the receptacles 28 of the tufts holder 18.
• the bristle tufts 12 are arranged so that they have at the end to be machined in the following step, a relatively large free length L, measured from the holder, more precisely from the closest to the pointed end stop of the holder (see Figure 10b) possess.
• an upper limit can also be provided, namely less than or equal to 7, in particular less than or equal to 6.5.
• the bristle tuft 12 is clamped so that the free length of the end to be machined is at least 12 mm or more than 40% of the total length of the unpolished bristle tuft 12 relative to the support.
• Figures 3 and 4 show the second step of Figure 1 in a perspective view.
• the bristle tufts 12 held in the tufts holder 18, for example clamped are moved over the rotating grinding body 22, which in this embodiment is a grinding roll, on whose circular-cylindrical or conical outer surface 30 (grinding surface) Grinding process is performed.
• the tufts holder 18 additionally rotates about an axis of rotation A which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the clamped bristle tufts 12.
• the tufts holder is along a linear path B, which is parallel to the axis of rotation X of the grinding roller or coincides with it in plan view.
• Abrasive surface is in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm.
• the distance of the tufts holder 18 to the grinding body 22 can be reduced by the grinding body 22 is shaped such, for example conically according to Figure 5, that the distance between the tufts holder 18 and the surface of the abrasive body 22 is reduced.
• the ratio (R / r) of the radius of the grinding roller to the distance of the bristle tufts 12 most distant from the axis of rotation A of the tufts holder 18 from the axis of rotation A is between 1 and 4 in this embodiment, but may be between 1 and 3.
• R / r The ratio (R / r) of the radius of the grinding roller to the distance of the bristle tufts 12 most distant from the axis of rotation A of the tufts holder 18 from the axis of rotation A is between 1 and 4 in this embodiment, but may be between 1 and 3.
• a cone angle ß of the abrasive article 22 is shown.
• the Schleifßrea begins at the portion of the grinding wheel 22, where the lateral surface has a greater peripheral speed than at the end with the smaller diameter.
• FIG. Figure 6 shows five juxtaposed tufts holder 18 which receive numerous bristle tufts 12 and rotate about their axes A.
• the distance T3 of the tufts holder 18 to the rotation axis R is still relatively large, so that only the axial end portions of the bristles are ground.
• the grinding speed is relatively high, because the grinding wheel 22 rotates rapidly with the speed n1.
• the rotational speed and the rotational speed are then reduced from n2 to n1 and at the same time the distance of the tufts holder 18 to the rotation axis R is reduced to T1 via T2.
• the tufts holder 18 are not moved along a transverse to the axis of rotation A web B, but only rotated and delivered in the direction of its axis of rotation A, which therefore represents the web B.
• the rollers can be delivered towards tufts holder.
• FIG. 7 shows which different sections of the later finished bristle tip were produced at what rotational speeds and at which spacing.
• Figure 8 shows different gradients of speed change to the distance change again, along which the grinding process is performed.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 already show sharpened bristles which are sharpened at the second end. Symbolically, the bristle tufts are pointed pointed. In reality, the bristle tufts look like in the enlarged view in Figure 9, bottom left, in which the individual bristles are shown sharpened themselves.
• FIG. 9 shows the third step from FIG. 1 in a side view.
• the tuft holder 18 is rotated 180 ° about an axis orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the clamped bristle tufts 12 for grinding the other bristle ends 24.
• the bristle tufts 12 are axially displaced within the tufts holder 18 (see arrow in Figure 9), z.
• a retainer e.g. clamping position ( Figure 10b) into a non-retaining, e.g. not clamping position ( Figure 10a) was brought.
• the bristle tufts 12 at their not yet pointed end have a free length L of at least 12 mm or more than 40% of the total length of the unpolished bristle tufts 12.
• the ratio L / l of the free length L to the length I of the tapered tip to be generated is greater than or equal to 3, in particular greater than or equal to 4. That is, the corresponding ratio L / l also becomes when grinding the second end of the tuft 12 adjusted so that the two ends have the same tip shapes and peak lengths at their bristles.
• Figures 10a and 10b show a tuft holder 18 with two receptacles
• FIG. 10 a shows the open position of the holding unit 32, in which two plate-like pressure elements 34 are in an open, mutually remote position Position and the interposed elastic elements 36 in the form of O-rings are in a non-clamping position.
• FIG 10b the closed position of the holding unit 32 is shown, in which the two pressure elements 34 are in the closed, approximate position and the elastic elements 36 arranged therebetween in a clamped, pinched position.
• the receiving tufts surrounding the bristle tufts 12 are reduced in cross-section by compression of the elastic elements 36 and thus clamp the bristle tufts 12 in the receptacles 28.
• the bristle tufts in the tufts holder have to be displaced long ago to carry out the method according to the invention ie in order to be stretched when the other end is to be sharpened, as shown in Figures 9 and 10. It is also possible to grind both ends in the same setting.

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• 2015
  • 2015-11-06 BE BE2015/5725A patent/BE1023106B1/de active
• 2016
  • 2016-10-21 KR KR1020187015821A patent/KR102598742B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2016-10-21 EP EP16785450.4A patent/EP3370571B1/de active Active
  • 2016-10-21 ES ES16785450T patent/ES2813554T3/es active Active
  • 2016-10-21 JP JP2018541499A patent/JP6853827B2/ja active Active
  • 2016-10-21 CN CN201680066816.1A patent/CN108430265B/zh active Active
  • 2016-10-21 WO PCT/EP2016/075334 patent/WO2017076660A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2016-11-03 TW TW105135633A patent/TWI698197B/zh active

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