WO2017020539A1 - 带行走机构的塔吊 - Google Patents

带行走机构的塔吊 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017020539A1
WO2017020539A1 PCT/CN2016/000489 CN2016000489W WO2017020539A1 WO 2017020539 A1 WO2017020539 A1 WO 2017020539A1 CN 2016000489 W CN2016000489 W CN 2016000489W WO 2017020539 A1 WO2017020539 A1 WO 2017020539A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower crane
guide wheel
assembly
rail
fixed
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PCT/CN2016/000489
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周兆弟
Original Assignee
周兆弟
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Application filed by 周兆弟 filed Critical 周兆弟
Publication of WO2017020539A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017020539A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C9/00—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/78—Supports, e.g. outriggers, for mobile cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C6/00—Girders, or track-supporting structures, specially adapted for cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C9/00—Travelling gear incorporated in or fitted to trolleys or cranes
    • B66C9/08—Runners; Runner bearings

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of construction engineering and relates to a tower crane with a walking mechanism.
  • Tower crane is the most commonly used lifting equipment on construction sites. It is also called “tower crane”. It is referred to as “standard section” for one section, and is used for lifting steel bars, rafts, concrete, steel pipes, etc. Raw materials for construction. Tower cranes are an essential equipment on the construction site.
  • the function of the tower crane tip is to bear the upper load from the boom pull rope and the balance arm pull rope, and directly transmit it to the tower structure through the turntable through the structural components of the swing tower, the turntable, the bearing seat and the like.
  • the top of the self-lifting tower has a truncated cone type, a forwardly inclined or a backward inclined truncated cone type, a herringbone type and a diagonal bracket type. All the upper slewing tower cranes need to be balanced, and their function is to support the balance weight, which is used to form the balance moment of the design and the opposite direction of the lifting torque. In addition to the balance weight, a lifting mechanism is often installed at the rear.
  • the amount of balance weight is inversely proportional to the length of the balance arm, and there is a proportional relationship between the length of the balance arm and the length of the boom.
  • the balance weight is considerable, the light tower crane is generally at least 3 to 4 tons, and the heavy duty is nearly 30 tons.
  • Tower cranes can be divided into mobile tower cranes and fixed tower cranes.
  • Mobile tower cranes can be divided into four types: rail type, tire type, automobile type and crawler type depending on the traveling device.
  • the rail tower tower crane tower is fixed on the walking underframe and can be run on a special track. It has good stability and high work efficiency, so it is widely used in construction and installation projects.
  • Tire-type, car-type and track-type tower cranes have no track device, which is easy to move, but can not be carried with load and has poor stability.
  • the fixed tower tower crane is divided into two types: attached self-lifting type and inner climbing type according to different installation positions.
  • the attached self-lifting tower type tower crane can be raised with the rise of the building, and is suitable for high-rise buildings, and the building structure is only It can withstand the horizontal load transmitted from the tower crane, and it is easy to attach, but it occupies more steel for structure;
  • the inner climbing tower crane is used in the elevator shaft and stairwell inside the building, and climbs with a set of brackets and lifting system.
  • the jacking is more complicated, but the jacking is more complicated.
  • the occupied structure uses less steel and does not require a foundation. All the weight and load are absorbed by the building.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a tower crane with a traveling mechanism that has high operational stability and can stably walk in response to the above problems.
  • a tower crane with a traveling mechanism including a tower crane, the tower crane is fixed with a beam mechanism, and the beam mechanism is connected with a rail assembly at one end away from the tower crane,
  • the rail assembly is fixed to the building member, and a rail assembly parallel to the rail assembly is fixed on the ground.
  • the tower crane has a walking assembly at the bottom and the traveling assembly is press-fitted on the rail assembly and movably connected with the rail assembly.
  • the track assembly includes a plurality of fixed on the ground and is flat with each other.
  • the track assembly includes a plurality of guide wheel assemblies disposed at the bottom of the tower crane, the guide wheel assemblies corresponding to the track and being in rolling contact with the track.
  • the bottom of the tower crane is provided with a support platform, and below the support platform, a plurality of guide wheel support bars corresponding to the track and parallel with the track are arranged, and the guide wheel assembly is installed at Both ends of the guide wheel support bar.
  • the guide wheel assembly includes a guide wheel disposed under the guide wheel support bar and rotatably coupled to the guide wheel support bar, and the guide wheel support bar is provided with the guide wheel A guide wheel drive coupled to and capable of driving the guide wheel to rotate, the guide wheel support bar further comprising a guide wheel brake for fixedly connecting the guide wheel support bar to the track.
  • the bottom of the tower crane is further provided with a balance mechanism capable of equalizing the force of the tower crane in the vertical direction and/or the horizontal direction.
  • the balance mechanism includes a weight assembly and a balance bar assembly respectively disposed on upper and lower sides of the support table, and the balance bar assembly is pressed on the guide wheel support bar and guided The wheel support bars are fixedly connected.
  • the weight assembly comprises two weights arranged symmetrically along the axis of the tower crane, and the weight is fixed on the upper surface of the support table, the balance bar assembly
  • the utility model comprises a plurality of balance bars which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the guide wheel support bars, and the balance bars are respectively fixedly connected with the lower surface of the support table and the guide wheel support bars.
  • the balance mechanism further includes a plurality of stay cables, one end of the stay cable is fixedly connected to the end of the guide wheel support strip, and the other end is fixedly connected with the tower crane, and the The stay cables are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the tower crane.
  • the beam mechanism includes a first beam, a second beam and a third beam which are sequentially connected by a tower crane to a direction of the rail assembly, and the first beam is fixedly connected with the tower crane,
  • a sliding plate is fixed at one end of the beam away from the tower crane, and a sliding sleeve is fixed to one end of the second beam adjacent to the first beam, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a sliding slot matched with the sliding plate, and the end of the first beam The part is inserted into the sliding sleeve and the sliding plate can slide back and forth along the sliding slot.
  • the two ends of the sliding sleeve are respectively provided with a mounting plate, and the two mounting plates are provided with a plurality of driving shafts correspondingly and the driving shaft can be along An axially extending front and rear telescopic skateboard holder, wherein the second beam is detachably fixedly connected to the third beam from the third beam by a fixing sleeve, and the ends of the second beam and the third beam are inserted and fixed.
  • the third beam is hinged from the rail assembly away from one end of the second beam.
  • the rail assembly includes a rail strip fixed to the building member, and the rail strip is provided with a slider matched with the rail strip, and the slider is provided with And a slider holder capable of fixedly connecting the slider and the rail strip, wherein the building member is fixed with a pre-embedded plate parallel to the rail strip and the pre-embedded panel is fixedly connected with the rail strip, the pre-embedded board There are also stiffeners that are L-shaped in cross section and that are located inside the building component.
  • the invention has the advantages that the beam mechanism can realize the fixed connection between the tower crane and the building component, and improves the stability and load of the crane; the tower crane can walk along the track and can also walk during the walking process. Supported, and the bottom of the tower crane has a stable structure, the entire walking process is smooth, high security, and can carry with load.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rail assembly provided by the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another rail assembly provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a plane provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of D of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged view of a portion C of Figure 5;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of another rail assembly provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of another rail assembly provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of another rail assembly provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the internal structure of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
  • the beam mechanism 1 the first beam 11, the second beam 12, the third beam 13, the slide 14, the sliding sleeve 15, the chute 16, the mounting plate 17, the slide holder 18, the fixing sleeve 19, the guide assembly 2
  • Track assembly 3 track 31, travel assembly 4, guide wheel assembly 40, guide wheel 41, guide wheel drive 42, guide wheel brake 43, balance mechanism 5, weight assembly 51, balance bar assembly 52, counterweight 53
  • the balance bar 54 the stay cable 55, the tower crane 100, the building member 101, the support base 102, and the guide wheel support bar 103.
  • a tower crane with a running mechanism includes a tower crane 100.
  • the tower crane 100 is fixed with a beam mechanism 1 , and the beam mechanism 1 is connected to the rail assembly 100 at one end thereof.
  • the rail assembly 2 is fixed on the building member 101.
  • the building member 101 is a house, a wall, a bridge, etc., and a rail assembly 3 parallel to the rail assembly 2 is fixed on the ground, and the bottom of the tower crane 100 has a walking assembly 4 and
  • the walking assembly 4 is press-fitted on the track assembly 3 and movably connected with the track assembly 3, and the walking assembly 4 enables the tower crane 100 to walk along the direction of the track assembly 3.
  • the beam mechanism 1 supports the tower crane 100 during the walking of the tower crane 100, thereby ensuring the walking stability of the tower crane 100, and enabling the tower crane 100 to carry with load.
  • the track assembly 3 includes a plurality of rails 31 fixed to the ground and parallel to each other, the running assembly 4 including a plurality of guide wheel assemblies 40 disposed at the bottom of the tower crane 100, the guide wheel assemblies 40 corresponds to the track 31 and is connected to the track 31 in a rolling manner.
  • the bottom of the tower crane 100 is provided with a support base 102. Below the support base 102, a plurality of guide wheel support bars 103 corresponding to the track 31 and parallel with the track 31 are arranged.
  • the guide wheel assembly 40 is mounted on the guide wheel support bar 103. end.
  • the guide wheel assembly 40 includes a guide wheel 41 disposed under the guide wheel support bar 103 and rotatably coupled to the guide wheel support bar 103.
  • the guide wheel support bar 103 is provided with a guide wheel 41.
  • the guide wheel driver 42 for driving the guide wheel 41 to rotate, the guide wheel drive 42 is a motor, and the guide wheel support bar 103 is further provided with a guide wheel brake 43 for fixing the guide wheel support bar 103 to the track 31.
  • the guide wheel brake 43 is a cylinder or a hydraulic power device such as a cylinder or the like. When the guide wheel brake 43 is actuated, it is tightened with the rail 31, so that the guide wheel support bar 103 is fixedly connected with the rail 31. When the wheel brake 43 is restored to the initial state, the guide wheel brake 43 is disengaged from the rail 31, and the guide wheel 41 and the rail 31 are in an active connection state.
  • the bottom of the tower crane 100 is further provided with a balance mechanism 5 for balancing the tower crane 100 in the vertical direction and/or the horizontal direction for ensuring the stability and safety of the tower crane 100.
  • the balance mechanism 5 includes a weight assembly 51 and a balance bar assembly 52 respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the support table 102.
  • the balance bar assembly 52 is press-fitted on the guide wheel support bar 103 and coupled to the guide wheel support bar. 103 is fixedly connected, and the balance bar assembly 52 is that the gravity of the tower crane 100 can be evenly distributed to the guide wheel support bar 103, so as to be evenly distributed to each track 31, and the weight assembly 51 functions to balance the gravity and increase the tower crane 100.
  • the effect of the bottom gravity reduces the center of gravity of the tower crane 100 and improves the stability of the tower crane 100.
  • the weight assembly 51 includes two weights 53 symmetrically disposed along the axis of the tower crane 100.
  • the weight 53 is fixed to the upper surface of the support base 102
  • the balance bar assembly 52 includes a plurality of balance bars 54 that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the guide wheel support bars 103.
  • the balance bars 54 are fixedly coupled to the lower surface of the support table 102 and the guide wheel support bars 103, respectively, and the balance bar 54 is preferably perpendicular to the guide wheel support bars 103. intersect.
  • the balance mechanism 5 further includes a plurality of stay cables 55.
  • One end of the stay cable 55 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide wheel support strip 103, the other end is fixedly connected to the tower crane 100, and the stay cable 55 is along the tower crane 100.
  • the shaft lines are symmetrically arranged one by one, and the stay cables 55 improve the fixed connection effect of the guide wheel support bars 103, and also make the structure of the bottom of the tower crane 100 more firm.
  • the beam mechanism 1 includes a first beam 11, a second beam 12, and a third beam 13 which are sequentially connected by the tower crane 100 in the direction of the rail assembly 2, the first beam 11 and the tower crane 100.
  • a sliding plate 14 is fixed to one end of the first beam 11 away from the tower crane 100.
  • a sliding sleeve 15 is fixed to one end of the second beam 12 near the first beam 11.
  • the sliding sleeve 15 is matched with the sliding plate 14.
  • the sliding groove 16 is inserted into the sliding sleeve 15 and the sliding plate 14 can slide back and forth along the sliding slot 16.
  • the two ends of the sliding sleeve 15 are respectively provided with a mounting plate 17, in two blocks.
  • the mounting plate 17 is provided with a plurality of slider holders 18 having a drive shaft and the drive shafts can be extended back and forth along the axial direction.
  • the slide holders 18 are cylinders or cylinders, and are fixed on the slide plates located on the two mounting plates 17.
  • the output end of the slider holder 18 simultaneously presses the slider 14, so that the position of the slider 14 is fixed, that is, the positions of the first beam 11 and the second beam 12 are fixed, when the output of the slider holder 18 is output.
  • the skateboard 14 When retracted, the skateboard 14 is active and can slide within the chute 16. This structure actually serves to eliminate the axial distance deviation of the beam mechanism 1.
  • the distance between the track 31 and the rail assembly 2 is not necessarily the same, as the axial length of the beam mechanism 1 cannot follow
  • the beam mechanism 1 is stuck with the rail assembly 2, which causes the tower crane 100 to be unable to walk, and the structure of the sliding connection between the first beam 11 and the second beam 12 just eliminates the distance deviation, thereby making the beam
  • the mechanism 1 can automatically change the axial length, and the tower crane 100 can also smoothly travel.
  • the end of the second beam 12 away from the first beam 11 and the third beam 13 are detachably fixedly connected by the fixing sleeve 19, and the ends of the second beam 12 and the third beam 13 are inserted into the fixing sleeve 19, and the fixing sleeve is fixed.
  • 19 is sleeved and fixed with the second beam 12 and the third beam 13 and can be fixed by bolts.
  • the fixing sleeve 19 provides a telescopic distance for adjusting the distance between the second beam 12 and the third beam 13 and is adjusted.
  • the length of the beam mechanism 1 is such that the third beam 13 is hinged from the rail assembly 2 away from the end of the second beam 12.
  • the rail assembly 2 includes a rail strip 21 fixed to the building member 101, and the rail strip 21 is provided with a slider 22 adapted to the rail strip 21, and the slider 22 is provided thereon.
  • a slider holder 23 capable of fixedly connecting the slider 22 and the rail strip 21, the slider holder 23 is a cylinder or a hydraulic power device such as a cylinder, etc., the end of the slider holder 23 is connected to the slider fixing plate 26, and is slid
  • the block fixing plate 26 is located between the rail strip 21 and the slider 22, and the prefabricated plate 24 parallel to the rail strip 21 is fixed in the building member 101, and the embedded plate 24 is fixedly connected with the rail strip 21,
  • the buried plate 24 is further provided with a plurality of reinforcing plates 25 having an L-shaped cross section, and the reinforcing plate 25 is located inside the building member 101, and the rail bar 21 is fixedly connected to the building member 100 by the angle screw 28, as shown in FIG. It is shown that the slider 22 is hinged to the third beam 13 to overcome
  • the rail strip 21 may be a C-shaped rail strip or an H-shaped strip counter.
  • the rail strip 21 shown in Fig. 9 is C-shaped, and the rail strip 21 shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 11 is H-shaped.
  • the inner wall of the rail strip 21 is provided with a rail slope 27, and the slider 22 has a sloped surface with the rail slope 27, so that the sliding connection between the slider 22 and the rail strip 21 can be smoothly performed;
  • the rail strip 21 is of a detachable structure, and the two vertical plates 21b are respectively connected by the transverse plate 21a to form an H-shaped structure, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly; as shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, in the slider 22 A slider pulley 22a is provided thereon, and the slider pulley 22a is slidably connected to the rail strip 21.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种带行走机构的塔吊。包括塔吊（00），塔吊（100）上固定有横梁机构（1），横梁机构（1）远离塔吊（100）的一端连接有导轨组件（2），导轨组件（2）固定在建筑构件（101）上，地面上固定有与导轨组件（2）相平行的轨道组件（3），塔吊（100）底部具有行走组件（4）且行走组件（4）压设在轨道组件（3）上并与轨道组件（3）活动连接。该塔吊稳定性高、负荷量大、移动方便、能带负荷行走。

Description

带行走机构的塔吊 技术领域
本发明属于建筑工程技术领域，涉及一种带行走机构的塔吊。
背景技术
塔吊是建筑工地上最常用的一种起重设备又名“塔式起重机”，以一节一节的接长简称“标准节”，用来吊施工用的钢筋、木楞、混凝土、钢管等施工的原材料。塔吊是工地上一种必不可少的设备。
塔吊tower crane尖的功能是承受臂架拉绳及平衡臂拉绳传来的上部荷载，并通过回转塔架、转台、承座等的结构部件式直接通过转台传递给塔身结构。自升塔顶有截锥柱式、前倾或后倾截锥柱式、人字架式及斜撑架式。凡是上回转塔机均需设平衡重，其功能是支承平衡重，用以构成设计上所要求的作用方面与起重力矩方向相反的平衡力矩。除平衡重外，还常在其尾部装设起升机构。起升机构之所以同平衡重一起安放在平衡臂尾端，一则可发挥部分配重作用，二则增大绳卷筒与塔尖导轮间的距离，以利钢丝绳的排绕并避免发生乱绳现象。平衡重的用量与平衡臂的长度成反比关系，而平衡臂长度与起重臂长度之间又存在一定比例关系。平衡重量相当可观，轻型塔机一般至少要3～4t，重型的要近30t。
塔吊可分为移动式塔式塔吊和固定式塔吊。移动式塔式塔吊根据行走装置的不同又可分为轨道式、轮胎式、汽车式、履带式四种。轨道式塔式塔吊塔身固定于行走底架上，可在专设的轨道上运行，稳定性好，工作效率高，因而广泛应用于建筑安装工程。轮胎式、汽车式和履带式塔式塔吊无轨道装置，移动方便，但不能带负荷行走、稳定性较差。
固定式塔式塔吊根据装设位置的不同，又分为附着自升式和内爬式两种，附着自升塔式塔吊能随建筑物升高而升高，适用于高层建筑，建筑结构仅承受由塔吊传来的水平载荷，附着方便，但占用结构用钢多；内爬式塔吊在建筑物内部电梯井、楼梯间，借助一套托架和提升系统进行爬升，顶升较繁琐，但占用结构用钢少，不需要装设基础，全部自重及载荷均由建筑物承受。
无论是移动式塔吊还是固定式塔吊，要么依靠塔吊底部与地面固定实现载荷承受，要么是建筑物完成承受载荷，因此稳定性均有待提高。尤其是移动式塔吊，无法实现带负荷行走，大大制约了移动式塔吊的应用和发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述问题，提供一种工作稳定性高、能稳定行走的带行走机构的塔吊。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用了下列技术方案：一种带行走机构的塔吊，包括塔吊，所述的塔吊上固定有横梁机构，所述的横梁机构远离塔吊的一端连接有导轨组件，所述的导轨组件固定在建筑构件上，地面上固定有与导轨组件相平行的轨道组件，所述的塔吊底部具有行走组件且行走组件压设在轨道组件上并与轨道组件活动连接。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的轨道组件包括若干固定在地面上且相互平 行的轨道，所述的行走组件包括设置在塔吊底部的若干导轮组件，所述的导轮组件与轨道相对应且与轨道滚动连接。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的塔吊底部设有支撑台，在支撑台下方设有若干与轨道一一对应且与轨道平行的导轮支撑条，所述的导轮组件安装在导轮支撑条两端。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的导轮组件包括设置在导轮支撑条下方且与导轮支撑条转动连接的导轮，所述的导轮支撑条上设有与导轮相连接且能驱动导轮转动的导轮驱动器，所述的导轮支撑条上还设有能使导轮支撑条与轨道固定连接的导轮制动器。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的塔吊底部还设有能使塔吊在竖直方向和/或水平方向受力均衡的平衡机构。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的平衡机构包括分别设置在支撑台上下两侧的配重组件和平衡条组件，所述的平衡条组件压设在导轮支撑条上并与导轮支撑条固定连接。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的配重组件包括两个沿塔吊的轴心线对称设置的配重块，配重块固定在支撑台的上表面上，所述的平衡条组件包括若干相互平行且与导轮支撑条垂直的平衡条，所述的平衡条分别与支撑台的下表面和导轮支撑条固定连接。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的平衡机构还包括若干斜拉索，所述的斜拉索一端与导轮支撑条的端部固定连接，另一端与塔吊固定连接，且所述的斜拉索沿塔吊的轴心线一一对称设置。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的横梁机构包括由塔吊往导轨组件的方向依次连接的第一横梁、第二横梁和第三横梁，所述的第一横梁与塔吊固定连接，第一横梁远离塔吊的一端固定有一块滑板，所述的第二横梁靠近第一横梁的一端固定有一个滑套，滑套上设有与滑板相配适的滑槽，所述的第一横梁的端部插入到滑套中且滑板能沿着滑槽前后滑动，滑套的两端分别设有一块安装板，在两块安装板上一一对应的设有若干具有驱动轴且驱动轴能沿着轴向前后伸缩的滑板固定器，所述的第二横梁远离第一横梁的一端与第三横梁通过固定套可拆卸的固定连接，所述的第二横梁和第三横梁的端部插入到固定套内，所述的第三横梁远离第二横梁的一端与导轨组件铰接。
在上述的带行走机构的塔吊中，所述的导轨组件包括固定在建筑构件上的导轨条，所述的导轨条上设有与导轨条相配适的滑块，所述的滑块上设有与能使滑块与导轨条固定连接的滑块固定器，所述的建筑构件内固定有与导轨条相平行的预埋板且预埋板与导轨条固定连接，所述的预埋板上还设有能若干横截面呈L形的加强板且所述的加强板位于建筑构件内部。
与现有的技术相比，本发明的优点在于：横梁机构能实现塔吊与建筑构件的固定连接，提高了吊机的稳定性和负荷量；塔吊能沿着轨道行走，在行走过程中也能得到支撑，且塔吊底部具有稳定的结构，整个行走过程顺畅，安全性高，且能带负荷行走。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的立体结构示意图；
图2是发明提供的导轨组件的结构示意图；
图3是发明提供的另一种导轨组件的结构示意图；
图4是本发明提供的平面结构示意图；
图5是图1的A处放大图；
图6是图1的B处放大图；
图7是图6的D处放大图；
图8是图5的C处放大图；
图9是发明提供的另一种导轨组件的结构示意图；
图10是发明提供的另一种导轨组件的结构示意图；；
图11是发明提供的另一种导轨组件的结构示意图；
图12是图11的内部结构示意图；
图13是本发明提供的立体结构示意图。
图中：横梁机构1、第一横梁11、第二横梁12、第三横梁13、滑板14、滑套15、滑槽16、安装板17、滑板固定器18、固定套19、导轨组件2、导轨条21、横向板21a、竖向板21b、滑块22、滑块滑轮22a、滑块固定器23、预埋板24、加强板25、滑块固定板26、导轨斜坡27、锚角螺丝28、轨道组件3、轨道31、行走组件4、导轮组件40、导轮41、导轮驱动器42、导轮制动器43、平衡机构5、配重组件51、平衡条组件52、配重块53、平衡条54、斜拉索55、塔吊100、建筑构件101、支撑台102、导轮支撑条103。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
如图1和图13所示，一种带行走机构的塔吊，包括塔吊100，所述的塔吊100上固定有横梁机构1，所述的横梁机构1远离塔吊100的一端连接有导轨组件2，所述的导轨组件2固定在建筑构件101上，建筑构件101为房屋、墙壁、桥梁等，地面上固定有与导轨组件2相平行的轨道组件3，所述的塔吊100底部具有行走组件4且行走组件4压设在轨道组件3上并与轨道组件3活动连接，行走组件4能使塔吊100沿着轨道组件3的方向进行行走，在行走过程中，横梁机构1的两端分别支撑在塔吊100和建筑构件101上，因此，横梁机构1在塔吊100的行走过程中对塔吊100起到支撑作用，从而保证塔吊100的行走稳定性，并使塔吊100能带负荷行走。
如图4和图5所示，轨道组件3包括若干固定在地面上且相互平行的轨道31，所述的行走组件4包括设置在塔吊100底部的若干导轮组件40，所述的导轮组件40与轨道31相对应且与轨道31滚动连接。塔吊100底部设有支撑台102，在支撑台102下方设有若干与轨道31一一对应且与轨道31平行的导轮支撑条103，所述的导轮组件40安装在导轮支撑条103两端。
如图8所示，导轮组件40包括设置在导轮支撑条103下方且与导轮支撑条103转动连接的导轮41，所述的导轮支撑条103上设有与导轮41相连接且能驱动导轮41转动的导轮驱动器42，导轮驱动器42为电机，所述的导轮支撑条103上还设有能使导轮支撑条103与轨道31固定连接的导轮制动器43，导轮制动器43为气缸或液压动力装置如油缸等，当导轮制动器43动作时，与轨道31顶紧，从而使导轮支撑条103与轨道31固定连接，当导 轮制动器43恢复初始状态时，导轮制动器43与轨道31脱离，导轮41与轨道31为活动连接状态。
如图5所示，塔吊100底部还设有能使塔吊100在竖直方向和/或水平方向受力均衡的平衡机构5，用于保证塔吊100的稳定性和安全性。具体的说，平衡机构5包括分别设置在支撑台102上下两侧的配重组件51和平衡条组件52，所述的平衡条组件52压设在导轮支撑条103上并与导轮支撑条103固定连接，平衡条组件52是塔吊100的重力能够均匀的分摊到导轮支撑条103上，从而均匀的分摊到每条轨道31上，配重组件51则起到左右平衡重力及增加塔吊100底部重力的作用，使塔吊100的重心下降，提高塔吊100的稳定性。
在本实施例中，配重组件51包括两个沿塔吊100的轴心线对称设置的配重块53，配重块53固定在支撑台102的上表面上，所述的平衡条组件52包括若干相互平行且与导轮支撑条103垂直的平衡条54，所述的平衡条54分别与支撑台102的下表面和导轮支撑条103固定连接，平衡条54优选与导轮支撑条103垂直相交。
平衡机构5还包括若干斜拉索55，所述的斜拉索55一端与导轮支撑条103的端部固定连接，另一端与塔吊100固定连接，且所述的斜拉索55沿塔吊100的轴心线一一对称设置，斜拉索55提高了导轮支撑条103的固定连接效果，也使塔吊100底部的结构更牢固。
如图6和图7所示，横梁机构1包括由塔吊100往导轨组件2的方向依次连接的第一横梁11、第二横梁12和第三横梁13，所述的第一横梁11与塔吊100固定连接，第一横梁11远离塔吊100的一端固定有一块滑板14，所述的第二横梁12靠近第一横梁11的一端固定有一个滑套15，滑套15上设有与滑板14相配适的滑槽16，所述的第一横梁11的端部插入到滑套15中且滑板14能沿着滑槽16前后滑动，滑套15的两端分别设有一块安装板17，在两块安装板17上一一对应的设有若干具有驱动轴且驱动轴能沿着轴向前后伸缩的滑板固定器18，滑板固定器18为气缸或油缸，当位于两块安装板17上的滑板固定器18同时动作时，滑板固定器18的输出端同时顶紧滑板14，从而使滑板14的位置固定，也即第一横梁11和第二横梁12的位置固定，当滑板固定器18的输出端退回时，滑板14呈活动状态，能在滑槽16内滑动，这种结构实际起到了横梁机构1轴向距离偏差消除的效果，当塔吊100沿着轨道31行走时，轨道31与导轨组件2的距离未必完全相同，如横梁机构1的轴向长度不能随着行走过程而自动改变，则横梁机构1会与导轨组件2卡死，导致塔吊100无法行走，而第一横梁11与第二横梁12之间的滑动连接的结构恰好能消除距离偏差，从而使横梁机构1能自动改变轴向长度，塔吊100也能顺畅行走。
第二横梁12远离第一横梁11的一端与第三横梁13通过固定套19可拆卸的固定连接，所述的第二横梁12和第三横梁13的端部插入到固定套19内，固定套19与第二横梁12及第三横梁13呈套接固定，可用螺栓连接固定，固定套19提供了伸缩距离，用于调整第二横梁12和第三横梁13之间的距离，也就调整了横梁机构1的长度，所述的第三横梁13远离第二横梁12的一端与导轨组件2铰接。
如图9所示，导轨组件2包括固定在建筑构件101上的导轨条21，所述的导轨条21上设有与导轨条21相配适的滑块22，所述的滑块22上设有与能使滑块22与导轨条21固定连接的滑块固定器23，滑块固定器23为气缸或液压动力装置如油缸等，滑块固定器23的端部连接滑块固定板26，滑块固定板26位于导轨条21和滑块22之间，所述的建筑构件101内固定有与导轨条21相平行的预埋板24且预埋板24与导轨条21固定连接，所述的预 埋板24上还设有能若干横截面呈L形的加强板25且所述的加强板25位于建筑构件101内部，导轨条21通过锚角螺丝28与建筑构件100固定连接，结合图6所示，滑块22与第三横梁13铰接，能克服在竖直方向上的位置偏差，防止滑块22与导轨条21被卡死。
导轨条21可以是C形导轨条或H形条柜台，如图9所示的导轨条21为C形，如图2、图3和图11所示的导轨条21为H形。优选方案，如图2所示，导轨条21内壁设有导轨斜坡27，滑块22具有与导轨斜坡27的斜面，便于滑块22和导轨条21之间的滑动连接能顺畅进行；如图3所示，导轨条21为可拆卸式结构，分别用横向板21a连接两块竖向板21b，组成H形结构，便于拆装；如图10、图11和图12所示，在滑块22上设有滑块滑轮22a，滑块滑轮22a与导轨条21滚动连接。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
尽管本文较多地使用了横梁机构1、第一横梁11、第二横梁12、第三横梁13、滑板14、滑套15、滑槽16、安装板17、滑板固定器18、固定套19、导轨组件2、导轨条21、横向板21a、竖向板21b、滑块22、滑块滑轮22a、滑块固定器23、预埋板24、加强板25、滑块固定板26、导轨斜坡27、轨道组件3、轨道31、行走组件4、导轮组件40、导轮41、导轮驱动器42、导轮制动器43、平衡机构5、配重组件51、平衡条组件52、配重块53、平衡条54、斜拉索55、塔吊100、建筑构件101、支撑台102、导轮支撑条103等术语，但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质；把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种带行走机构的塔吊，包括塔吊(100)，其特征在于，所述的塔吊(100)上固定有横梁机构(1)，所述的横梁机构(1)远离塔吊(100)的一端连接有导轨组件(2)，所述的导轨组件(2)固定在建筑构件(101)上，地面上固定有与导轨组件(2)相平行的轨道组件(3)，所述的塔吊(100)底部具有行走组件(4)且行走组件(4)压设在轨道组件(3)上并与轨道组件(3)活动连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的轨道组件(3)包括若干固定在地面上且相互平行的轨道(31)，所述的行走组件(4)包括设置在塔吊(100)底部的若干导轮组件(40)，所述的导轮组件(40)与轨道(31)相对应且与轨道(31)滚动连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的塔吊(100)底部设有支撑台(102)，在支撑台(102)下方设有若干与轨道(31)一一对应且与轨道(31)平行的导轮支撑条(103)，所述的导轮组件(40)安装在导轮支撑条(103)两端。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的导轮组件(40)包括设置在导轮支撑条(103)下方且与导轮支撑条(103)转动连接的导轮(41)，所述的导轮支撑条(103)上设有与导轮(41)相连接且能驱动导轮(41)转动的导轮驱动器(42)，所述的导轮支撑条(103)上还设有能使导轮支撑条(103)与轨道(31)固定连接的导轮制动器(43)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的塔吊(100)底部还设有能使塔吊(100)在竖直方向和/或水平方向受力均衡的平衡机构(5)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的平衡机构(5)包括分别设置在支撑台(102)上下两侧的配重组件(51)和平衡条组件(52)，所述的平衡条组件(52)压设在导轮支撑条(103)上并与导轮支撑条(103)固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的配重组件(51)包括两个沿塔吊(100)的轴心线对称设置的配重块(53)，配重块(53)固定在支撑台(102)的上表面上，所述的平衡条组件(52)包括若干相互平行且与导轮支撑条(103)垂直的平衡条(54)，所述的平衡条(54)分别与支撑台(102)的下表面和导轮支撑条(103)固定连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的平衡机构(5)还包括若干斜拉索(55)，所述的斜拉索(55)一端与导轮支撑条(103)的端部固定连接，另一端与塔吊(100)固定连接，且所述的斜拉索(55)沿塔吊(100)的轴心线一一对称设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的横梁机构(1)包括由塔吊(100)往导轨组件(2)的方向依次连接的第一横梁(11)、第二横梁(12)和第三横梁(13)，所述的第一横梁(11)与塔吊(100)固定连接，第一横梁(11)远离塔吊(100)的一端固定有一块滑板(14)，所述的第二横梁(12)靠近第一横梁(11)的一端固定有一个滑套(15)，滑套(15)上设有与滑板(14)相配适的滑槽(16)，所述的第一横梁(11)的端部插入到滑套(15)中且滑板(14)能沿着滑槽(16)前后滑动，滑套(15)的两端分别设有一块安装板(17)，在两块安装板(17)上一一对应的设有若干具有驱动轴且驱动轴能沿着轴向前后伸缩的滑板固定器(18)，所述的第二横梁(12)远离第一横梁(11)的一端与第三横梁(13)通过固定套(19)可拆卸的固定连接，所述的第二横梁(12)和第三横梁(13)的端部插入到固定套(19)内，所述的第三横梁(13)远离第二横梁(12)的一端与导轨组件(2)铰接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的带行走机构的塔吊，其特征在于，所述的导轨组件(2)包括 固定在建筑构件(101)上的导轨条(21)，所述的导轨条(21)上设有与导轨条(21)相配适的滑块(22)，所述的滑块(22)上设有与能使滑块(22)与导轨条(21)固定连接的滑块固定器(23)，所述的建筑构件(101)内固定有与导轨条(21)相平行的预埋板(24)且预埋板(24)与导轨条(21)固定连接，所述的预埋板(24)上还设有能若干横截面呈L形的加强板(25)且所述的加强板(25)位于建筑构件(101)内部。
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