WO2016192484A1 - 自动变速器 - Google Patents

自动变速器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016192484A1
WO2016192484A1 PCT/CN2016/080020 CN2016080020W WO2016192484A1 WO 2016192484 A1 WO2016192484 A1 WO 2016192484A1 CN 2016080020 W CN2016080020 W CN 2016080020W WO 2016192484 A1 WO2016192484 A1 WO 2016192484A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tooth
gear
combination
face
transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/080020
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余平
王婷
Original Assignee
精进电动科技（北京）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 精进电动科技（北京）有限公司 filed Critical 精进电动科技（北京）有限公司
Priority to JP2017561931A priority Critical patent/JP6547009B2/ja
Priority to US15/576,719 priority patent/US10533639B2/en
Priority to EP16802407.3A priority patent/EP3276203B1/en
Publication of WO2016192484A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016192484A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/20—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear
    • F16H3/22—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially
    • F16H3/30—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially with driving and driven shafts not coaxial
    • F16H3/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially with driving and driven shafts not coaxial and an additional shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/091—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft
    • F16H3/0915—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft with coaxial input and output shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with means for synchronisation not incorporated in the clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H2003/0811—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts using unsynchronised clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F16H2061/2853—Electromagnetic solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0034—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0039—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0043—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising four forward speeds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles, and more particularly to automatic transmissions.
  • Automatic transmissions such as hydraulic automatic transmission (AT), continuously variable transmission (CVT), electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission (AMT), and dual clutch automatic transmission (DCT) are used in new energy vehicles.
  • AT hydraulic automatic transmission
  • CVT continuously variable transmission
  • AMT electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission
  • DCT dual clutch automatic transmission
  • the present invention provides an automatic transmission to at least partially solve the above problems.
  • the invention provides an automatic transmission comprising: a first double-face gear combination toothed disc 120 and a two-stage deceleration fixed-axis gear train.
  • the two-stage deceleration fixed axle train includes: a transmission input shaft 100, a transmission intermediate shaft 140, a transmission output shaft 150, a first external gear right end tooth combination tooth 110, and a first external gear left end tooth combination. a tooth 130, a first gear 111 and a second gear 131;
  • the three axes of the transmission input shaft 100, the transmission intermediate shaft 140 and the transmission output shaft 150 are arranged in parallel; a first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110 is coupled to the transmission input shaft 100 by a key, and the first external gear is right-handed.
  • the combination gear 110 meshes with the first gear 111 through the peripheral teeth, and the first gear 111 and the second gear 131 are respectively fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 by the key; the second gear 131 and the first external gear left end tooth combination tooth 130 pass The peripheral gear meshes, the first outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 130 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150;
  • the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 150 by a key.
  • the first double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc 120 includes: a left end face tooth and a right face tooth; the first double-face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is rotatable synchronously with the transmission output shaft 150 and is capable of being along the transmission output shaft 150 Axial movement
  • the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 110 further has a right end face tooth; after the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is moved to the left to a designated position, the first outer gear right end face tooth combination tooth 110 has the right end face tooth and the first The left end face of the double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is meshed;
  • the first outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 130 further has a left end face tooth; after the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is moved to the right to a specified position, the first outer gear left end face tooth combination tooth 130 has the left end face tooth and the first The right end face of the double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is meshed;
  • the automatic transmission further includes: a shift control mechanism
  • the shift control mechanism is a built-in electromagnetic actuator; or the shift control mechanism is an external hydraulic, pneumatic or electric actuator;
  • the shift control mechanism When the shift control mechanism is a built-in electromagnetic actuator, the shift control mechanism specifically includes being installed at the first a first left end electromagnet and a first right end electromagnet on the double face tooth combination toothed disc (120); when the first left end electromagnet is energized, the first double side tooth combination toothed disc (120) moves to the left to specify Position; when the first right end electromagnet is energized, the first double face tooth combination toothed disc (120) is moved to the right to a designated position.
  • the left end face tooth and the right face tooth of the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120, the right end face tooth of the first outer gear right face tooth combination tooth 110, and the left outer face tooth of the first outer gear left face tooth combination tooth 130 are rectangular.
  • the second outer gear right side tooth combination tooth 240 has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, the second outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 240 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the second outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 240 and The third gear 241 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the third gear 241 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 by a key;
  • the face gear combination toothed disc 250 includes: a left end face tooth; the face gear combination toothed disc 250 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 150 by a key, and the face gear combination toothed disc 250 can be synchronously rotated with the transmission output shaft 150 and can be along the transmission output shaft 150. Axial movement
  • the method further includes: a second double-face tooth combination toothed disc 350,
  • the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 340 has a peripheral tooth and a right end face tooth, and the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 340 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 340 and The fourth gear 341 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the fourth gear 341 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 by a key;
  • the second external gear left end tooth combination tooth 360 has a peripheral tooth and a left end tooth, the second external gear left end tooth combination tooth 360 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the second external gear left end tooth combination tooth 360 and the fifth The gear 361 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the fifth gear 361 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 by a key;
  • the second double-face tooth combination toothed disc 350 includes: a left side face tooth and a right side face tooth; the second double face tooth combination toothed plate 350 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 150 by a key, and the second double-face tooth combination toothed plate 350 can be coupled with the transmission
  • the output shaft 150 rotates synchronously and is axially movable along the transmission output shaft 150;
  • the left outer-face tooth combination tooth 360 left-end tooth and the second double-end tooth combination tooth plate 350 are engaged with the right end face tooth;
  • N first gear sets to implement a 2+ (N*2) speed automatic transmission
  • N-1 first gear sets and a second gear set to implement a 2+((N-1)*2)+1 speed automatic transmission;
  • N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • Each of the first gear sets includes: an outer gear right end tooth combination tooth, an outer gear left end tooth combination tooth, a gear one, a gear two And the double-face tooth combination toothed disc; wherein, the outer gear tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, the outer gear tooth of the outer gear is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the outer gear of the outer gear is combined with the gear and the gear A gear is engaged by the peripheral teeth; the gear is fixedly attached to the transmission intermediate shaft 140; the left gear combination tooth of the external gear has a peripheral tooth and a left end tooth, and the left end tooth combination gear of the external gear is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the external gear The left face tooth combination tooth and the gear wheel 2 are meshed by the peripheral teeth; the gear two is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140; the double face tooth combination tooth plate includes: a left face tooth and a right face tooth; the double face tooth combination tooth plate Mounted on the transmission output shaft 150, capable of synchronous rotation with the transmission output
  • the second gear set includes: an outer gear right end tooth combination tooth, a gear three and a face tooth combined tooth plate; wherein, the outer gear right end tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, and the outer gear right end tooth combination tooth space is sleeved
  • the output gear shaft 150 of the transmission the right end tooth combination gear of the outer gear meshes with the gear wheel 3 through the peripheral teeth; the gear three is fixed on the transmission intermediate shaft 140;
  • the face tooth combination tooth plate includes: the left end face tooth; the face tooth combination tooth plate is mounted on
  • the transmission output shaft 150 is rotatable in synchronization with the transmission output shaft 150 and is axially movable along the transmission output shaft 150.
  • the automatic transmission is characterized in that the first double-face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is composed of a left-end tooth combination tooth plate and a right-end tooth combination tooth plate;
  • the left end tooth combination tooth plate and the right end face tooth combination tooth plate are respectively independent structures; or the left end face tooth combination tooth plate and the right end face tooth combination tooth plate are assembled into an integrated structure.
  • the present invention also provides an automatic transmission including: a first left-face tooth combination sprocket 920, a first right-face tooth combination spur 960, and a two-stage deceleration fixed-axis gear train.
  • the automatic transmission is characterized in that the two-stage deceleration fixed-axis gear train comprises: a transmission input shaft 900, a transmission intermediate shaft 940, a transmission output shaft 950, and a first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth. 910, a first outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 931, a first gear 911 and a second gear 930;
  • the transmission input shaft 900, the transmission intermediate shaft 940 and the transmission output shaft 950 are arranged in parallel in parallel; on the transmission input shaft 900, a first external gear right end tooth combination tooth 910 is connected by a key, and the first external gear right end tooth
  • the combination gear 910 is meshed with the first gear 911 through the peripheral teeth, the first gear 911 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 940 by a key; the second gear 930 is fixedly coupled to the transmission output shaft 950 by the key, the second gear 930 and the first outer gear
  • the gear left side tooth combination tooth 931 is engaged by the peripheral teeth, and the first outer gear left face tooth combination tooth 931 is sleeved on the transmission intermediate shaft 940.
  • the first left-face tooth combination sprocket 920 can be rotated synchronously with the transmission output shaft 950 and can move axially along the transmission output shaft 950; the first right-face tooth combination sprocket 960 can be coupled with the transmission intermediate shaft 940 Rotating synchronously and being axially movable along the intermediate shaft 940 of the transmission;
  • the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 910 further has a right end face tooth; after the first left end face tooth combination tooth plate 920 is moved to the left to a designated position, the first outer gear right end face tooth combination tooth 910 has a right end face tooth and a first face The left end face of the left end face combination tooth plate 920 is meshed with the tooth;
  • the first outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 931 further has a left end face tooth; after the first right end face tooth combination tooth plate 960 is moved to the right to a specified position, the first outer gear left end face tooth combination tooth 931 has the left end face tooth and the first The right end face of the right tooth combination horn 960 is meshed with the right end face;
  • the automatic transmission further includes: a shift control mechanism
  • the shift control mechanism is a built-in electromagnetic actuator; or the shift control mechanism is external hydraulic, pneumatic or electric Actuator
  • the shift control mechanism When the shift control mechanism is a built-in electromagnetic actuator, the shift control mechanism specifically includes a first left end electromagnet and a first right end tooth combination mounted on the first left end face combination tooth plate 920 a first right end electromagnet on the toothed disk 960; when the first left end electromagnet is energized, the first left end face tooth combination tooth plate 920 is moved to the left to a designated position; when the first right end electromagnet is energized, the first A right face tooth combination toothed disc 960 is moved to the right to a designated position.
  • the left end face tooth of the first left face tooth combination combination tooth plate 920 and the first right face tooth combination tooth plate 960, the right outer face tooth of the first outer gear right end face tooth combination tooth 910 and the first outer gear left end face tooth are both rectangular.
  • the second external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1000 has a peripheral tooth and a right end face tooth, and the second external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1000 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the second external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1000 and The third gear 1011 is engaged by the peripheral teeth; the third gear 1011 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 940 by keying;
  • the second left end face combination combination toothed disc 1010 includes: a left end face tooth; the second left end face tooth combination toothed plate 1010 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 950 by a key, and the second left end face tooth combination toothed plate 1010 can be synchronized with the transmission output shaft 950. Rotating and being axially movable along the transmission output shaft 950;
  • the method further includes: a third left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1110, a second right end face tooth combination toothed disc 1140, a third external gear right side tooth combination tooth 1100, a fourth gear 1101, and a second external gear left end tooth Combining the tooth 1130 and the fifth gear 1120;
  • the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100 has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100 and The fourth gear 1101 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the fourth gear 1101 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 940 by a key;
  • the second outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 1130 has a peripheral tooth and a left end tooth, the second outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 1130 is sleeved on the transmission intermediate shaft 940; the second external gear left end tooth combination tooth 1130 and the fifth The gear 1120 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the fifth gear 1120 is fixed to the transmission output shaft 950 by a key;
  • the third left end face combination toothed disc 1110 includes: a left end face tooth; the third left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1110 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 950 by a key, and the third left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1110 can be synchronized with the transmission output shaft 950. Rotating and being axially movable along the transmission output shaft 950;
  • the third left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1110 After the third left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1110 is moved to the left to the designated position, the third outer gear right end face tooth combination tooth 1100 right end face tooth and the third left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1110 are engaged with the left end face tooth;
  • the second right end face combination toothed disc 1140 includes: a right end face tooth; the second right side face tooth combination toothed disc 1140 is mounted on the transmission intermediate shaft 940 by a key, and the second right end face tooth combination toothed disc 1140 can be coupled with the transmission intermediate shaft 940 Synchronously rotating and capable of axial movement along the intermediate shaft 940 of the transmission;
  • the automatic transmission further includes: N first gear sets to implement a 2+N*2-speed automatic transmission;
  • N-1 first gear sets and a second gear set to implement a 2+(N-1)*2+1 automatic transmission;
  • N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • Each of the first gear sets includes: an outer gear right end tooth combination tooth, an outer gear left end tooth combination tooth, a gear one, a gear two, a left end tooth combination tooth plate and a right end tooth combination tooth plate; wherein the outer gear right end The tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, and the outer gear tooth of the outer gear is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the right gear tooth of the outer gear is meshed with the gear through the peripheral tooth; the gear is fixed in the middle of the transmission On the shaft 940; the left-side tooth combination tooth of the external gear has a peripheral tooth and a left-end tooth, and the left-side tooth combination tooth of the external gear is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the left-side tooth combination tooth of the external gear and the gear two mesh with the peripheral tooth; The gear two is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 940; the left end tooth combination toothed disc is mounted on the transmission output shaft 950, is rotatable synchronously with the transmission output shaft
  • the second gear set includes: an outer gear right end tooth combination tooth, a gear three and a face tooth combined tooth plate; wherein, the outer gear right end tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, and the outer gear right end tooth combination tooth space is sleeved
  • the output shaft 950 is disposed on the transmission output shaft 950; the outer gear tooth combination gear and the gear wheel 3 are meshed by the peripheral teeth; the gear three is fixed on the transmission intermediate shaft 940; the face gear combination tooth plate includes: a left end tooth; the end face tooth combination tooth plate is mounted on
  • the transmission output shaft 950 is capable of synchronous rotation with the transmission output shaft 950 and is axially movable along the transmission output shaft 950.
  • the invention adopts a double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc as a shifting component, and the synchronizer is eliminated compared with the conventional AMT, the structure is simple, the reliability is good, and the shifting time is short. The shifting impact is small, the production cost is low, and it is easy to realize industrialization.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple transmission gear arrangement, short axial dimension, small occupied space, light weight, fast shifting action and high reliability.
  • the automatic transmission of the invention can be conveniently extended to the third gear, the fourth gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear and the like.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of a two-speed automatic transmission in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the transmission of the second gear of the two-speed automatic transmission in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the transmission of a gear position of the two-speed automatic transmission in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a three-speed automatic transmission in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a four-speed automatic transmission in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a two-speed automatic transmission in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a three-speed automatic transmission in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a four-speed automatic transmission in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a two-speed automatic transmission in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a three-speed automatic transmission in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of a four-speed automatic transmission in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • an automatic transmission including a double-sided tooth combination chainring and a two-stage reduction fixed-axis gear train.
  • the shifting mechanism of the transmission is a double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc having double-faceted teeth: a left-end tooth and a right-end tooth.
  • the double-sided tooth combination toothed disc is axially moved on the transmission output shaft, and the left-side and right-side teeth are respectively associated with the primary and secondary reduction gears.
  • the face gears are engaged to achieve the second gear and the first gear. When it is not combined with the two, the transmission is in the neutral position.
  • an automatic transmission comprising a left-end tooth combination combination disk, a right-end tooth combination combination gear plate and a two-speed shifting fixed-axis gear train.
  • the shifting mechanism of the transmission is a left-end tooth combination gear plate or a right end. Face tooth combination sprocket.
  • the technical solution of the invention directly eliminates the synchronizer by the gear meshing, so the structure is simple, the reliability is good, the shifting time is short, the shifting impact is small, and the production is small. Low cost and easy to industrialize.
  • the transmission gear arrangement is simple in form, short in axial dimension, small in space and light in weight, and is in line with the development trend of light weight and fuel economy. It can be easily extended to third, fourth, fifth and sixth.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a two-speed automatic transmission in a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram showing the transmission of the second gear of the two-speed automatic transmission in the first embodiment of the present invention; and
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the first gear of the two-speed automatic transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the automatic transmission of the first embodiment includes a first double-face gear combination toothed disc 120 and a two-stage deceleration fixed-axis gear train.
  • the two-stage deceleration fixed-axis gear train includes: a transmission input shaft 100, a transmission intermediate shaft 140, a transmission output shaft 150, a first outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110, a first outer gear left-side tooth combination tooth 130, and a first The gear 111 and the second gear 131.
  • the three axes of the transmission input shaft 100, the transmission intermediate shaft 140 and the transmission output shaft 150 are arranged in parallel; a first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110 is coupled to the transmission input shaft 100 by a key, and the first external gear is right-handed.
  • the combination gear 110 meshes with the first gear 111 through the peripheral teeth, and the first gear 111 and the second gear 131 are respectively fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 by the key; the second gear 131 and the first external gear left end tooth combination tooth 130 pass The peripheral gears are engaged, and the first outer gear left face tooth combination tooth 130 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the first double face tooth combination tooth plate 120 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 150 by a key.
  • the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 includes: a left side face tooth and a right side face tooth; the first double face tooth combination toothed plate 120 is rotatable in synchronization with the transmission output shaft 150 and is axially movable along the transmission output shaft 150.
  • the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 110 further has a right end face tooth; after the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is moved to the left to a designated position, the first outer gear right end face tooth combination tooth 110 has the right end face tooth and the first The left end face of the double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is meshed.
  • the first outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 130 further has a left end face tooth; after the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is moved to the right to a specified position, the first outer gear left end face tooth combination tooth 130 has the left end face tooth and the first The right end face of the double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is meshed.
  • the first double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc 120 is in the intermediate position, neither the right end face tooth of the first outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110 nor the left end face tooth of the first outer gear left-side tooth combination tooth 130 Engage.
  • the automatic transmission further includes: a shift control mechanism.
  • the shift control mechanism may be a built-in electromagnetic actuator; or the shift control mechanism may be an external hydraulic, pneumatic or electric actuator.
  • the built-in electromagnetic mechanism is used as a shift control mechanism for driving the first double-end tooth combination toothed disc 120 to move axially along the transmission output shaft 150.
  • the shift control mechanism includes a first left end electromagnet and a first right end electromagnet mounted on the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120.
  • the transmission ratio is 1, which is the direct gear position, and is also the second gear position in the first embodiment.
  • the first outer gear left-side tooth combination tooth 130 has the left end tooth and the first double The right end face of the face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is meshed.
  • the rotation of the transmission input shaft 100 drives the first external gear to rotate the right end tooth combination gear 110, thereby driving the first gear 111 to rotate, and driving the intermediate shaft 140 to rotate, further driving the second gear 131 fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 through the key,
  • the left outer gear combination tooth 130 of the first outer gear is rotated, and the left end tooth of the first outer gear tooth combination tooth 130 and the right end tooth of the first double end tooth combination tooth plate 120 are meshed with each other, thereby finally driving the first The double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 and the first transmission output shaft 150 rotate.
  • the input rotational speed and power of the transmission pass through the input shaft 100 of the transmission, the first external gear right end tooth combination tooth 110, the first gear 111, the transmission intermediate shaft 140, the second gear 131, and the first external gear left end tooth combination tooth 130. And the first double face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is transmitted to the transmission output shaft 150.
  • the gear ratio at this time is 2.5, and the first gear position is realized, so that the vehicle can adapt to the working conditions such as starting and climbing.
  • the gear ratio and the gear position can be changed by changing the size and the number of teeth of the gear to adapt to different actual situations and needs.
  • the first double-face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is at an intermediate position, and is neither meshed with the right end surface of the first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110, nor combined with the first external gear left-end tooth.
  • the transmission is in the neutral position.
  • the specific structure of the double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc of the invention can be conveniently extended to the third gear, the fourth gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear and the like.
  • the structure of the second-speed automatic transmission to the third-speed automatic transmission is given in the second embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the structure of a three-speed automatic transmission in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third-speed automatic transmission is realized by adding a face gear combination toothed disc 250, a second outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth 240 and a third gear 241 to the two-speed automatic transmission of the first embodiment. .
  • the third-speed automatic transmission in the second embodiment includes the transmission input shaft 100, the transmission intermediate shaft 140, the transmission output shaft 150, the first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110, the first external gear left-side tooth combination tooth 130, In addition to the first gear 111 and the second gear 131, a face gear combination sprocket 250, a second outer gear right face tooth combination tooth 240, and a third gear 241 are further included.
  • the second outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 240 has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, the second outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 240 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the second outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 240 and the third The gear 241 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the third gear 241 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 by a key;
  • the face gear combination toothed disc 250 includes: a left end face tooth; the face gear combination toothed disc 250 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 150 by a key, and the face gear combination toothed disc 250 can be synchronously rotated with the transmission output shaft 150 and can be along the transmission output shaft 150. Axial movement.
  • the face gear combination toothed disc 250 also includes a third left end electromagnet.
  • the end face tooth combination toothed disc 250 When the first double-face tooth combination toothed disc 120 is not energized, and the third left end electromagnet of the end face tooth combination toothed disc 250 is energized, the end face tooth combination toothed disc 250 is moved to the left to the designated position, and the second outer gear is right-side tooth The right end face of the combination tooth 240 and the left end face of the face tooth combination toothed disc 250 are meshed.
  • the transmission input shaft 100 rotates to drive the first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 111 to rotate, and driving the transmission intermediate shaft 140 to rotate, further driving the first connection to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 through the key
  • the three gears 241 rotate, which in turn drives the second outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth 240 to rotate. Since the right-side tooth of the second external gear tooth combination tooth 240 and the left-end tooth of the face tooth combination tooth plate 250 are meshed, the final drive is performed.
  • the face gear combination toothed disc 250 and the transmission output shaft 150 rotate.
  • the input speed and power of the transmission pass through the input shaft 100 of the transmission and the right end of the external gear
  • the combination tooth 110, the first gear 111, the transmission intermediate shaft 140, the third gear 241, the second external gear right end tooth combination tooth 240, and the face tooth combination tooth plate 250 are transmitted to the transmission output shaft 150.
  • one gear position of the three-speed transmission is realized, which is a gear position in this embodiment.
  • the face tooth combination sprocket 250 When the third left end electromagnet of the face tooth combination spur 250 is not energized, the face tooth combination sprocket 250 is in an intermediate position and does not mesh with the right end face of the second external gear right end tooth combination tooth 240.
  • the input speed of the transmission and the power input through the transmission are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the shaft 100, the outer gear right face tooth combination tooth 110, the first gear 111, the transmission intermediate shaft 140, the second gear 131, the outer gear left face tooth combination tooth 130, and the double face tooth combination tooth plate 120 are transmitted to the transmission output shaft 150.
  • another gear position of the third speed transmission is realized, which is the second gear position in this embodiment.
  • the face tooth combination sprocket 250 and the first pair electromagnet of the first double face tooth combination sprocket 120 are not energized, the face tooth combination sprocket 250 and the first pair
  • the face gear combination toothed discs 120 are all in the intermediate position, and the first double face tooth combination toothed discs 120 are neither meshed with the right end face teeth of the first outer gear right end face tooth combination teeth 110, nor with the first outer gear left end face teeth.
  • the left end face of the combination tooth 130 is meshed, and the face tooth combination toothed disc 250 does not mesh with the right end face of the second external gear right end tooth combination tooth 240, and is in neutral at this time.
  • the gear ratio of each gear can be changed by changing the size and number of teeth of the gear to adapt to different actual situations and needs.
  • the face tooth combination toothed disc 250 in this embodiment includes a left end face tooth and a third left end electromagnet for the purpose of the present embodiment.
  • the specific structure of the double-faceted tooth combination tooth plate of the invention can be conveniently extended to the third gear, the fourth gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear and the like.
  • This embodiment details how to extend from a two-speed automatic transmission to a four-speed automatic transmission.
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a four-speed automatic transmission in the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the fourth-speed automatic transmission is realized by adding another two-stage speed reduction and a second double-face gear combination toothed disc 350 based on the two-speed automatic transmission of the first embodiment.
  • the fourth-speed automatic transmission in the third embodiment includes a transmission input shaft 100, a transmission intermediate shaft 140, a transmission output shaft 150, a first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110, and a first external gear left end surface.
  • a transmission input shaft 100 a transmission intermediate shaft 140
  • a transmission output shaft 150 a first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110
  • a first external gear left end surface a first external gear left end surface.
  • the tooth combination tooth 130, the first gear 111 and the second gear 131, the second double-face tooth combination tooth plate 350, the third outer gear right-end tooth combination tooth 340, the fourth gear 341, and the second outer gear left end The face tooth combination tooth 360 and the fifth gear 361.
  • the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 340 has a peripheral tooth and a right end face tooth, and the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 340 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 340 and The fourth gear 341 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the fourth gear 341 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 by a key;
  • the second external gear left end tooth combination tooth 360 has a peripheral tooth and a left end tooth, the second external gear left end tooth combination tooth 360 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the second external gear left end tooth combination tooth 360 and the fifth The gear 361 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the fifth gear 361 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 by a key;
  • the second double-face tooth combination toothed disc 350 includes: a left end surface tooth and a right end surface tooth; the second double-end tooth combination tooth plate 350 passes the key Mounted on the transmission output shaft 150, the second double-end tooth combination sprocket 350 is capable of synchronous rotation with the transmission output shaft 150 and is axially movable along the transmission output shaft 150.
  • the second double-face tooth combination toothed disc 350 further includes: a second left end electromagnet and a second right end electromagnet.
  • the transmission input shaft 100 rotates to drive the first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 111 to rotate, and driving the intermediate shaft 140 to rotate, further driving the fourth connection fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140 through the key
  • the gear 341 drives the third external gear, the right end tooth combination tooth 340 to rotate, and the right end tooth of the third external gear tooth combination tooth 340 and the left end face tooth of the second double face tooth combination tooth plate 350 are meshed, so that The second double-face tooth combination toothed disc 350 and the transmission output shaft 150 are rotated.
  • the first double side face combination combination toothed disc 120 is in the middle position, and the first After the two double-face gear combination toothed discs 350 are moved to the right to the designated position, the left end face teeth of the second external gear tooth combination tooth 360 and the right end face of the second double face tooth combination tooth plate 350 are meshed.
  • the second double-face tooth combination sprocket 350 electromagnet and the first double-end tooth combination sprocket 120 electromagnet are not energized, the second double-face tooth combination sprocket 350 and the first double-end tooth combination sprocket 120 are both located.
  • the first double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc 120 is neither meshed with the right end surface of the first external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 110, nor with the left end of the first external gear left-side tooth combination 130.
  • the face gear is meshed, and the second double-face tooth combination toothed disc 350 is neither meshed with the right end face of the third external gear right-side tooth combination tooth 340 nor with the left end face of the second external gear left-side tooth combination tooth 360.
  • the transmission is in neutral.
  • the gear ratio of each gear can be changed by changing the size and number of teeth of the gear to adapt to different actual situations and needs.
  • a five-speed automatic transmission can be realized by adding an outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth, a gear and a double-face tooth combination tooth plate;
  • a gear outer right tooth combination tooth, an outer gear left face tooth combination tooth, two gears and a double face tooth combination tooth plate can realize a six-speed automatic transmission.
  • the automatic transmission shown in Embodiment 1 further includes: N-1 first gear sets, and a second gear set to implement a 2+((N-1)*2)+1-speed automatic transmission; wherein N is greater than Or a positive integer equal to 1; each of the first gear sets includes: an outer gear right end tooth combination tooth, an outer gear left end tooth combination tooth, a gear one, a gear two and a double face tooth combination tooth plate; wherein, the outer gear right end The face tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a right end face tooth, and the outer gear tooth combination tooth groove is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the outer gear tooth combination tooth and the gear mesh with the gear through the peripheral tooth; the gear is fixed in the middle of the transmission The outer gear tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a left end tooth, and the outer gear left end tooth combination tooth is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 150; the outer gear left end tooth combination tooth and the gear two mesh with the peripheral tooth; The gear two is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 140; the double-
  • the second gear set includes: an outer gear right end tooth combination tooth, a gear three and a face tooth combined tooth plate; wherein, the outer gear right end tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, and the outer gear right end tooth combination tooth space is sleeved
  • 6, 7, and 8 are structural diagrams of the two-, three-, and four-speed automatic transmissions in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
  • the left end face combination tooth plate 620 and the right end face tooth combination tooth plate 630 are respectively independent structures, and in the first embodiment, the left end face tooth combination tooth plate and the right end face tooth combination tooth plate are assembled into an integrated structure. That is, assembled into a first double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc 120 (see Fig. 1).
  • the embodiment of the two-speed automatic transmission shown in FIG. 6 is similar to that of the first embodiment. The difference is that when the first left-end electromagnet is energized in the first embodiment, the first double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc 120 is moved to the left. When the first right end electromagnet is energized to the designated position, the first double-end tooth combination toothed disc 120 is moved to the right to the designated position; and in the fourth embodiment, when the left end electromagnet is energized, the left end surface of the tooth combination The toothed disc 620 is moved to the left to the designated position, and the right end tooth combination of the toothed disc 630 is not moved; when the right end electromagnet is energized, the right end tooth combination of the toothed disc 630 is moved to the right to the designated position, and the left end of the combined toothed disc 620 is not moved. .
  • the specific implementations of the third-speed and fourth-speed automatic transmissions shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are similar to the third-speed and fourth-speed automatic transmissions in the second embodiment and the third embodiment respectively, and the difference is the double-face tooth combination.
  • the sprocket wheel is composed of a structurally independent left-face tooth combination sprocket and a right-end tooth combination sprocket.
  • Figure 9 is a block diagram showing the structure of a two-speed automatic transmission in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the automatic transmission of the fifth embodiment includes a first left-face tooth combination sprocket 920, a first right-face tooth combination spur 960, and a two-stage deceleration fixed-axis gear train.
  • the fixed-speed gear train of the two-stage deceleration includes: a transmission input shaft 900, a transmission intermediate shaft 940, a transmission output shaft 950, a first outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth 910, a first outer gear left-side tooth combination tooth 931, and a first Gear 911 and second gear 930;
  • the transmission input shaft 900, the transmission intermediate shaft 940 and the transmission output shaft 950 are arranged in parallel in parallel; on the transmission input shaft 900, a first external gear right end tooth combination tooth 910 is connected by a key, and the first external gear right end tooth The combination gear 910 is meshed with the first gear 911 through the peripheral teeth, and the first gear 911 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 940 by a key; the second gear The 930 is fixed to the transmission output shaft 950 by a key.
  • the second gear 930 and the first external gear left end tooth combination tooth 931 are meshed by the peripheral teeth, and the first external gear left end tooth combination gear 931 is sleeved on the transmission intermediate shaft 940.
  • first left-face tooth combination sprocket 920 can rotate synchronously with the transmission output shaft 950 and can move axially along the transmission output shaft 950;
  • first right-face tooth combination sprocket 960 can rotate synchronously with the transmission intermediate shaft 940, and Capable of moving axially along the intermediate shaft 940 of the transmission;
  • the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 910 further has a right end face tooth; after the first left end face tooth combination tooth plate 920 is moved to the left to a designated position, the first outer gear right end face tooth combination tooth 910 has a right end face tooth and a first face The left end face of the left end face combination tooth plate 920 is meshed with the tooth;
  • the first outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 931 further has a left end face tooth; after the first right end face tooth combination tooth plate 960 is moved to the right to a specified position, the first outer gear left end face tooth combination tooth 931 has the left end face tooth and the first The right end face of the right tooth combination horn 960 is meshed with the right end face;
  • the automatic transmission further includes: a shift control mechanism; the shift control mechanism may be a built-in electromagnetic actuator; or the shift control mechanism may be an external hydraulic, pneumatic or electric actuator.
  • the built-in electromagnetic mechanism is used as a shift control mechanism for driving the first left-face tooth combination sprocket 920 to move axially along the transmission intermediate shaft 940 along the transmission output shaft 950 and the first right-face tooth combination sprocket 960.
  • the shift control mechanism includes a first left end electromagnet mounted on the first left end face tooth combination tooth plate 920 and a first right end electromagnet mounted on the first right side face tooth combination tooth plate (960).
  • the transmission input shaft 900 rotates to drive the first outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth 910 to rotate, thereby driving the first left-end tooth combination gear plate 920 to rotate, so that the input speed and power of the transmission are directly transmitted to the transmission output shaft through the transmission input shaft 900. 950.
  • a gear of the two-speed transmission is now realized.
  • the transmission input shaft 900 rotates to drive the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 910 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 911 to rotate, and driving the intermediate shaft 940 to rotate, further driving the first right end face tooth combination mounted on the transmission intermediate shaft 940 by the key.
  • the toothed disk 960 because the right end face tooth of the first right end face tooth combination tooth plate 960 and the left end face tooth of the first outer gear left end face tooth combination tooth 931 are meshed, thereby driving the first outer gear left end face tooth combination tooth 931 to rotate, and further The second gear 930 and the output shaft 950 are driven to rotate.
  • the input rotational speed and power of the transmission pass through the input shaft 900 of the transmission, the first external gear right end tooth combination tooth 910, the first gear 911, the transmission intermediate shaft 940, the first right end face tooth combination tooth plate 960, and the first external gear left end.
  • the face tooth combination tooth 931 and the second gear 930 are ultimately transmitted to the transmission output shaft 950. At this time, the other gear of the two-speed transmission is realized.
  • the gear ratio and the gear position can be changed by changing the size and the number of teeth of the gear to adapt to different actual situations and needs.
  • the left end face combination tooth plate and the right face tooth combination tooth plate of the embodiment have mutually independent structures, and the automatic transmission of the embodiment can be conveniently extended to the third gear, the fourth gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear, and the like.
  • the structure of the second-speed automatic transmission to the third-speed automatic transmission is given in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the structure of a three-speed automatic transmission in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the third-speed automatic transmission is realized by adding the second external gear, the right-side tooth combination tooth 1000, the third gear 1011, and the second left-face tooth combination tooth, based on the two-speed automatic transmission of the fifth embodiment.
  • Disk 1010 That is, the third-speed automatic transmission in the sixth embodiment includes the transmission input shaft 900, the first outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth 910, the first left-face tooth combination tooth plate 920, the first right-side tooth combination gear plate 960, and the transmission.
  • the intermediate shaft 940, the transmission output shaft 950, the first external gear left end tooth combination gear 931, the first gear 911 and the second gear 930 further include: a second left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1010, and a second outer gear right end surface a tooth combination tooth 1000 and a third gear 1011;
  • the second outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 1000 has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, the second outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 1000 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the second outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 1000 and the third The gear 1011 is engaged by the peripheral teeth; the third gear 1011 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 940 by a key;
  • the second left end face combination combination toothed disc 1010 includes: a left end face tooth; the second left end face tooth combination toothed plate 1010 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 950 by a key, and the second left end face tooth combination toothed plate 1010 can be synchronized with the transmission output shaft 950. Rotate and can move axially along the transmission output shaft 950.
  • the second left end face combination toothed disc 1010 further includes: a second left end electromagnet.
  • the second left side face tooth combination toothed plate 1010 When the first left side face tooth combination tooth plate 920 and the first right side face tooth combination tooth plate 960 are not energized, and the second left side face tooth combination toothed plate 1010 is energized, the second left side face tooth combination toothed plate 1010 is moved to the left to specify After the position, the right end face of the right outer gear combination tooth 1000 of the second outer gear meshes with the left end face of the second left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1010.
  • the transmission input shaft 900 rotates to drive the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 910 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 911 to rotate, driving the transmission intermediate shaft 940 to rotate, further driving the first connection of the transmission intermediate shaft 940 through the key
  • the third gear 1011 rotates to drive the second outer gear right-side tooth combination tooth 1000 to rotate, because the right-side tooth of the second outer gear-side right-side tooth combination tooth 1000 and the second left-end tooth combination gear tooth 1010 are engaged with the left end face tooth, Finally, the second left end face combination combination toothed disc 1010 and the transmission output shaft 950 are rotated.
  • the input rotational speed and power of the transmission pass through the input shaft 900 of the transmission, the first external gear, the right end tooth combination gear 910, the first gear 911, the third gear 1011, the second external gear, the right end tooth combination tooth 1000, and the second left end surface.
  • the tooth combination chainring 1010 is transmitted to the transmission output shaft 950.
  • a gear of the three-speed transmission is now realized.
  • the input rotational speed and power of the transmission pass through the input shaft 900 of the transmission, and the right end of the first external gear.
  • the tooth combination tooth 910, the first gear 911, the transmission intermediate shaft 940, the first right face tooth combination tooth plate 960, the first external gear left face tooth combination tooth 931, and the second gear 930 are finally transmitted to the transmission output shaft 950. At this time, another gear of the three-speed transmission is realized.
  • the gear ratio of each gear can be changed by changing the size and number of teeth of the gear to adapt to different actual situations and needs.
  • the left-side tooth combination combination tooth plate and the right-side surface combination tooth plate of the present invention are independent of each other, and the automatic transmission of the present invention can be easily extended to the third gear, the fourth gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear, and the like.
  • the structure of the second-speed automatic transmission to the fourth-speed automatic transmission is given in the seventh embodiment.
  • Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of a four-speed automatic transmission in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fourth-speed automatic transmission is based on the two-speed automatic transmission of the fifth embodiment described above, and the third left-face tooth combination combination gear plate 1110, the second right-end surface tooth combination tooth plate 1140, and the third external gear right end are added.
  • the face tooth combination tooth 1100, the fourth gear 1101, the second outer gear left face tooth combination tooth 1130, and the fifth gear 1120 are realized.
  • the automatic transmission in the seventh embodiment includes a transmission input shaft 900, a first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 910, a first left end tooth combination tooth plate 920, and a first right end tooth combination tooth plate.
  • the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100 has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100 and The fourth gear 1101 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the fourth gear 1101 is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft 940 by a key;
  • the second outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 1130 has a peripheral tooth and a left end tooth, the second outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 1130 is sleeved on the transmission intermediate shaft 940; the second external gear left end tooth combination tooth 1130 and the fifth The gear 1120 is meshed by the peripheral teeth; the fifth gear 1120 is fixed to the transmission output shaft 950 by a key;
  • the third left end face combination toothed disc 1110 includes: a left end face tooth; the third left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1110 is mounted on the transmission output shaft 950 by a key, and the third left end face tooth combination toothed disc 1110 can be synchronized with the transmission output shaft 950. Rotate and can move axially along the transmission output shaft 950.
  • the third left end face combination toothed disc 1110 further includes: a third left end electromagnet.
  • the third left end electromagnet of the third left end face combination tooth plate 1110 When the third left end electromagnet of the third left end face combination tooth plate 1110 is energized, the first left end electromagnet of the first left end face tooth combination tooth plate 920 and the first right end end electromagnet of the first right end face tooth combination tooth plate 960 are not When energized, the first left end face tooth combination tooth plate 920 and the first right end face tooth combination tooth plate 960 are in an intermediate position, and the third left end face tooth combination toothed plate 1110 is moved to the left to a designated position, and the third external gear right side face tooth The right end face tooth of the combination tooth 1100 and the left end face tooth of the third left face tooth combination tooth plate 1110 are meshed.
  • the transmission input shaft 900 rotates to drive the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 910 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 911 to rotate, driving the transmission intermediate shaft 940 to rotate, further driving the first connection of the transmission intermediate shaft 940 through the key
  • the fourth gear 1101 rotates to drive the third outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100 to rotate, because the right outer surface tooth of the third outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100 and the third left end face tooth combination tooth plate 1110 have the left end face tooth engaged, Finally, the third left end face combination combination toothed disc 1110 and the transmission output shaft 950 are rotated.
  • the input rotational speed and power of the transmission pass through the input shaft 900 of the transmission, the first external gear right end tooth combination tooth 910, the first gear 911, the fourth gear 1101, the third external gear right end tooth combination tooth 1100, and the third left end surface.
  • the tooth combination chainring 1110 is transmitted to the transmission output shaft 950. A gear of the four-speed transmission is now realized.
  • the second right end face combination toothed disc 1140 further includes: a second right end electromagnet.
  • the transmission input shaft 900 rotates to drive the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 910 to rotate, thereby driving the first gear 911 to rotate, and driving the intermediate shaft 940 to rotate, further driving the second right end face tooth combination mounted on the transmission intermediate shaft 940 through the key.
  • the toothed disc 1140 because the right end face tooth of the second right end face tooth combination tooth plate 1140 and the left end face tooth of the second outer gear left end face tooth combination tooth 1130 mesh, thereby driving the second outer gear left end tooth combination tooth 1130 to rotate, and further
  • the fifth gear 1120 and the output shaft 950 are rotated.
  • the input rotational speed and power of the transmission pass through the input shaft 900 of the transmission, the first external gear right end tooth combination tooth 910, the first gear 911, the transmission intermediate shaft 940, the second right end face tooth combination tooth plate 1140, and the second external gear left end.
  • the face tooth combination tooth 1130 and the fifth gear 1120 are ultimately transmitted to the transmission output shaft 950.
  • another gear of the fourth speed transmission is realized.
  • the first left end electromagnet of the first left end face tooth combination sprocket 920 When the first left end electromagnet of the first left end face tooth combination sprocket 920 is energized, the first right end face tooth combines the first right end electromagnet of the spur gear 960, the third left end face tooth combines the third left end electromagnet of the spur gear 1110, and When the second right end electromagnet of the second right end face combination toothed disc 1140 is not energized, similar to the fifth embodiment, the input rotational speed and power of the transmission are transmitted directly to the transmission output shaft 950 through the transmission input shaft 900. At this time, another gear of the fourth speed transmission is realized.
  • the first right end electromagnet of the first right end face combination tooth plate 960 is energized, the first left end face electromagnet of the first left end face tooth combination tooth plate 920, the third left end electromagnet of the third left end face tooth combination combination tooth plate 1110 and the first
  • the second right end electromagnet of the second right end face combination toothed disc 1140 is not energized, similar to the fifth embodiment, the input rotational speed and power of the transmission pass through the input shaft 900 of the transmission, the first outer gear right end tooth combination tooth 910, the first The gear 911, the transmission intermediate shaft 940, the first right-face tooth combination toothed disc 960, the first external gear left-side tooth combination gear 931, and the second gear 930 are finally transmitted to the transmission output shaft 950. At this point, another gear of the four-speed transmission is realized.
  • the gear ratio and the gear position can be changed by changing the size and the number of teeth of the gear to adapt to different actual situations and needs.
  • a five-speed automatic transmission can be realized by adding an outer gear tooth combination tooth, a gear and a double-face tooth combination gear wheel;
  • a gear outer right tooth combination tooth, outer gear left face tooth combination tooth, two gears and a double face tooth combination tooth plate can realize a six-speed automatic transmission.
  • the automatic transmission shown in the fifth embodiment further includes: N-1 first gear sets, and a second gear set to implement a 2+((N-1)*2)+1 speed automatic transmission; wherein N is greater than Or a positive integer equal to 1, each of the first gear set includes: an outer gear right end tooth combination tooth, an outer gear left end tooth combination tooth, a gear one, a gear two, a left end tooth combination tooth plate and a right end tooth combination tooth a disk; wherein, the outer gear tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, the outer gear tooth of the outer gear is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the outer gear tooth of the outer gear is meshed with the gear through the peripheral tooth; The gear is fixedly attached to the transmission intermediate shaft 940; the left end tooth combination tooth of the external gear has a peripheral tooth and a left end tooth, and the left end tooth combination tooth of the external gear is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the left end tooth combination tooth of the external gear
  • the gears 2 are me
  • the second gear set includes: an outer gear right end tooth combination tooth, a gear three and a face tooth combination tooth plate; wherein the outer gear right end face The tooth combination tooth has a peripheral tooth and a right end tooth, and the outer gear tooth combination tooth outer sleeve is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 950; the outer gear right end tooth combination tooth and the gear three mesh with the peripheral tooth; the gear three is fixed to the transmission intermediate shaft
  • the shift control mechanism of the automatic transmission has been described by taking a built-in electromagnetic actuator as an example.
  • the shift control mechanism may also be an external hydraulic, pneumatic or electric actuator for positioning the double-sided tooth combination tooth plate and the single-end tooth combination tooth plate, thereby realizing the change.
  • Block control those skilled in the art can understand and know the specific implementation, which will not be detailed here.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1.
  • the invention adopts a double-faceted tooth combination toothed disc as a shifting component, and the external hydraulic, pneumatic or electric shifting mechanism is eliminated compared with the conventional AMT, and the structure is simple. The reliability is good, the shifting time is short, the shifting impact is small, the production cost is low, and the industrialization is easy to implement. 2.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple transmission gear arrangement, short axial dimension, small occupied space, light weight, fast shifting action and high reliability. 3.
  • the automatic transmission of the present invention can be easily extended to the third gear, the fourth gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear, and the higher gear.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

一种自动变速器，包括一个双端面齿组合齿盘（120）和一个两级减速的定轴轮系。变速器的换挡机构为双端面齿组合齿盘（120），具有双端面齿：左端面齿和右端面齿。通过实现双端面齿组合齿盘（120）在变速器输出轴上的轴向移动，其左端面齿和右端面齿分别与一级、二级减速齿轮（110、130）的端面齿啮合，实现二挡挡位和一挡挡位，当其与两者都不结合时，变速器处于空挡位。左端面齿和右端面齿是分别独立或者组装成一体的结构。与传统AMT相比，该自动变速器取消了同步器，结构简单，可靠性好，换挡时间短，换挡冲击较小，生产成本较低，易于实现产业化。该自动变速器齿轮布置形式简单，轴向尺寸短、占用空间小、重量轻，符合轻量化和节油的发展趋势。

Description

自动变速器 技术领域
本发明涉及新能源汽车领域，尤其是涉及自动变速器。
发明背景
随着新能源汽车的快速发展，对整车的性能要求不断提高，如动力性、平顺性和续驶里程等。为满足这种要求，新能源动力传动系统需要加装自动变速器。
目前，新能源汽车自动变速器大多采用在传统内燃机汽车自动变速器的基础上进行改进的技术路线。液力自动变速器(AT)、无级变速器(CVT)、电控机械自动变速器(AMT)、双离合器自动变速器(DCT)这四种传统领域的自动变速器在新能源汽车领域均有应用。
但是这些变速器因为档位较多，影响了系统的效率和可靠性，而且体积比较大、成本比较高，不适合新能源汽车的发展要求。未来，新能源汽车采用二档、三档或四档变速器将成为主流。目前，二档变速器的换档执行机构采用电动、气动或液动的形式，增加了系统的成本和体积，系统的可靠性也有所降低。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明提供了自动变速器，以至少部分地解决上述问题。
本发明提供的一种自动变速器，包括：第一双端面齿组合齿盘120和一个两级减速的定轴轮系。
可选地，所述两级减速的定轴轮系包括：变速器输入轴100、变速器中间轴140、变速器输出轴150、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130、第一齿轮111和第二齿轮131；
其中，变速器输入轴100、变速器中间轴140和变速器输出轴150三根轴平行布局；在变速器输入轴100上通过键固连有第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110与第一齿轮111通过周边齿啮合，第一齿轮111和第二齿轮131分别通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上；第二齿轮131与第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130通过周边齿啮合，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130空套在变速器输出轴150上；
第一双端面齿组合齿盘120通过键安装在变速器输出轴150上。
可选地，所述第一双端面齿组合齿盘120包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘120能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动；
第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110还具有右端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘120向左移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的左端面齿啮合；
第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130还具有左端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘120向右移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的右端面齿啮合；
第一双端面齿组合齿盘120处于中间位置时，既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿啮合。
可选地，该自动变速器进一步包括：换挡控制机构；
所述换挡控制机构为内置的电磁执行机构；或者所述换挡控制机构为外置的液压、气动或电动执行机构；
当所述换挡控制机构为内置的电磁执行机构时，所述换挡控制机构具体包括安装在所述第一 双端面齿组合齿盘(120)上的第一左端电磁铁和第一右端电磁铁；当所述第一左端电磁铁通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)向左移动到指定位置；当所述第一右端电磁铁通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)向右移动到指定位置。
可选地，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的左端面齿和右端面齿、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130左端面齿的齿间和齿槽均为矩形。
可选地，进一步包括：一个端面齿组合齿盘250、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240、第三齿轮241；
其中，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240具有周边齿和右端面齿，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240空套在变速器输出轴150上；第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240与第三齿轮241通过周边齿啮合；第三齿轮241通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上；
端面齿组合齿盘250包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘250通过键安装在变速器输出轴150上，端面齿组合齿盘250能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动；
端面齿组合齿盘250向左移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240的右端面齿和端面齿组合齿盘250的左端面齿啮合；
端面齿组合齿盘250处于中间位置时，不和第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240的右端面齿啮合。
可选地，进一步包括：第二双端面齿组合齿盘350、
第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340、第四齿轮341、第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360和第五齿轮361；
其中，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340具有周边齿和右端面齿，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340空套在变速器输出轴150上；第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340与第四齿轮341通过周边齿啮合；第四齿轮341通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上；
第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360具有周边齿和左端面齿，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360空套在变速器输出轴150上；第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360与第五齿轮361通过周边齿啮合；第五齿轮361通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上；
第二双端面齿组合齿盘350包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；第二双端面齿组合齿盘350通过键安装在变速器输出轴150上，第二双端面齿组合齿盘350能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动；
第二双端面齿组合齿盘350向左移动到指定位置后，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340右端面齿和第二双端面齿组合齿盘350的左端面齿啮合；
第二双端面齿组合齿盘350向右移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360左端面齿和第二双端面齿组合齿盘350的右端面齿啮合；
第二双端面齿组合齿盘350处于中间位置时，既不和第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340的右端面齿啮合，也不和第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360的左端面齿啮合。
可选地，
进一步包括：N个第一齿轮组，以实现2+(N*2)档自动变速器；
或者，进一步包括：N-1个第一齿轮组，以及一个第二齿轮组，以实现2+((N-1)*2)+1档自动变速器；
其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数；
每个第一齿轮组中包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、外齿轮左端面齿组合齿、齿轮一、齿轮二 和双端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴150上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮一通过周边齿啮合；齿轮一固连在变速器中间轴140上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和左端面齿，外齿轮左端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴150上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿与齿轮二通过周边齿啮合；齿轮二固连在变速器中间轴140上；所述双端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；所述双端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴150上，能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动；
第二齿轮组包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、齿轮三和端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴150上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮三通过周边齿啮合；齿轮三固连在变速器中间轴140上；端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴150上，能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动。
可选地，
所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，所述第一双端面齿组合齿盘120由左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘组成；
其中，左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘是分别独立的结构；或者，左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘是组装成一体的结构。
本发明还提供了一种自动变速器，其特征在于，包括：第一左端面齿组合齿盘920、第一右端面齿组合齿盘960和一个两级减速的定轴轮系。
可选地，所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，所述两级减速的定轴轮系包括：变速器输入轴900、变速器中间轴940、变速器输出轴950、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931、第一齿轮911和第二齿轮930；
其中，变速器输入轴900、变速器中间轴940和变速器输出轴950三根轴平行布局；在变速器输入轴900上通过键固连有第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910与第一齿轮911通过周边齿啮合，第一齿轮911通过键固连在变速器中间轴940上；第二齿轮930通过键固连在变速器输出轴950，第二齿轮930与第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931通过周边齿啮合，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931空套在变速器中间轴940上。
可选地，所述第一左端面齿组合齿盘920能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动；第一右端面齿组合齿盘960能够随变速器中间轴940同步转动，并且能够沿变速器中间轴940轴向移动；
第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910还具有右端面齿；第一左端面齿组合齿盘920向左移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910的右端面齿和第一左端面齿组合齿盘920的左端面齿啮合；
第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931还具有左端面齿；第一右端面齿组合齿盘960向右移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931的左端面齿和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960的右端面齿啮合；
第一左端面齿组合齿盘920和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960处于中间位置时，既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931的左端面齿啮合。
可选地，该自动变速器进一步包括：换挡控制机构；
所述换挡控制机构为内置的电磁执行机构；或者所述换挡控制机构为外置的液压、气动或电 动执行机构；
当所述换挡控制机构为内置的电磁执行机构时，所述换挡控制机构具体包括安装在所述第一左端面齿组合齿盘920上的第一左端电磁铁和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960上的第一右端电磁铁；当所述第一左端电磁铁通电时，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920向左移动到指定位置；当所述第一右端电磁铁通电时，第一右端面齿组合齿盘960向右移动到指定位置。
可选地，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920的左端面齿和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910的右端面齿和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931左端面齿的齿间和齿槽均为矩形。
可选地，进一步包括：第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000和第三齿轮1011；
其中，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000具有周边齿和右端面齿，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000空套在变速器输出轴950上；第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000与第三齿轮1011通过周边齿啮合；第三齿轮1011通过键固连在变速器中间轴940上；
第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010包括：左端面齿；第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010通过键安装在变速器输出轴950上，第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动；
第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010向左移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000的右端面齿和第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010的左端面齿啮合；
第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010处于中间位置时，不和第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000的右端面齿啮合。
可选地，进一步包括：第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110、第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140、第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100、第四齿轮1101、第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130和第五齿轮1120；
其中，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100具有周边齿和右端面齿，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100空套在变速器输出轴950上；第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100与第四齿轮1101通过周边齿啮合；第四齿轮1101通过键固连在变速器中间轴940上；
第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130具有周边齿和左端面齿，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130空套在变速器中间轴940上；第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130与第五齿轮1120通过周边齿啮合；第五齿轮1120通过键固连在变速器输出轴950上；
第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110包括：左端面齿；第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110通过键安装在变速器输出轴950上，第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动；
第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110向左移动到指定位置后，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100右端面齿和第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110的左端面齿啮合；
第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140包括：右端面齿；第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140通过键安装在变速器中间轴940上，第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140能够随变速器输中间轴940同步转动，并能够沿变速器中间轴940轴向移动；
第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140向右移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130左端面齿和第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140的右端面齿啮合；
第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110和第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140处于中间位置时，既不和第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100的右端面齿啮合，也不和第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130的左端面齿 啮合。
可选地，该自动变速器进一步包括：N个第一齿轮组，以实现2+N*2档自动变速器；
或者，进一步包括：N-1个第一齿轮组，以及一个第二齿轮组，以实现2+(N-1)*2+1档自动变速器；
其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数；
每个第一齿轮组中包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、外齿轮左端面齿组合齿、齿轮一、齿轮二、左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴950上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮一通过周边齿啮合；齿轮一固连在变速器中间轴940上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和左端面齿，外齿轮左端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴950上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿与齿轮二通过周边齿啮合；齿轮二固连在变速器中间轴940上；所述左端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴950上，能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动；所述右端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器中间轴940上，能够随变速器中间轴940同步转动，并能够沿变速器中间轴940轴向移动；
第二齿轮组包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、齿轮三和端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴950上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮三通过周边齿啮合；齿轮三固连在变速器中间轴940上；端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴950上，能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动。
由上述可知，本发明具有以下有益效果：1、本发明采用双端面齿组合齿盘作为换档元件，与传统AMT相比，取消了同步器，结构简单，可靠性好，换档时间短，换档冲击较小，生产成本较低，易于实现产业化。2、本发明具有变速器齿轮布置形式简单、轴向尺寸短、占用空间小、重量轻、换档动作迅速和可靠性高的优点。3、本发明自动变速器可以很方便的扩展到三档、四档、五档、六档等。
附图简要说明
图1是本发明实施例一中的两档自动变速器的结构简图；
图2是本发明实施例一中的两档自动变速器的二档位的传动简图；
图3是本发明实施例一中的两档自动变速器的一档位的传动简图；
图4是本发明实施例二中的三档自动变速器的结构简图；
图5是本发明实施例三中的四档自动变速器的结构简图；
图6是本发明实施例四中的两档自动变速器的结构简图；
图7是本发明实施例四中的三档自动变速器的结构简图；
图8是本发明实施例四中的四档自动变速器的结构简图；
图9是本发明实施例五中的两档自动变速器的结构简图；
图10是本发明实施例六中的三档自动变速器的结构简图；
图11是本发明实施例七中的四档自动变速器的结构简图。
实施本发明的方式
在本发明的实施例中提供了一种包括双端面齿组合齿盘和两级减速的定轴轮系的自动变速器。变速器的换档机构为双端面齿组合齿盘，具有双端面齿：左端面齿和右端面齿。通过该双端面齿组合齿盘的在变速器输出轴上轴向移动，其左端面齿和右端面齿分别与一级、二级减速齿轮 的端面齿啮合，实现二档位和一档档位，当其与两者都不结合时，变速器处于空档位。在本发明中还提供了一种包括左端面齿组合齿盘、右端面齿组合齿盘和两级变速的定轴轮系的自动变速器，变速器的换档机构为左端面齿组合齿盘或右端面齿组合齿盘。本发明的技术方案与传统AMT相比，由于本发明的方案中各传动机构直接通过齿啮合，因此取消了同步器，结构简单，可靠性好，换档时间短，换档冲击较小，生产成本较低，易于实现产业化。变速器齿轮布置形式简单，轴向尺寸短、占用空间小、重量轻，符合轻量化和节油的发展趋势。可以很方便的扩展到三档、四档、五档、六档等。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
实施例一
图1是本发明实施例一中的两档自动变速器的结构简图。图2是本发明实施例一中的两档自动变速器的二档位的传动简图；图3是本发明实施例一中的两档自动变速器的一档位的传动简图。
参见图1，实施例一中的自动变速器包括：第一双端面齿组合齿盘120和一个两级减速的定轴轮系。该两级减速的定轴轮系包括：变速器输入轴100、变速器中间轴140、变速器输出轴150、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130、第一齿轮111和第二齿轮131。
其中，变速器输入轴100、变速器中间轴140和变速器输出轴150三根轴平行布局；在变速器输入轴100上通过键固连有第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110与第一齿轮111通过周边齿啮合，第一齿轮111和第二齿轮131分别通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上；第二齿轮131与第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130通过周边齿啮合，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130空套在变速器输出轴150上；第一双端面齿组合齿盘120通过键安装在变速器输出轴150上。
第一双端面齿组合齿盘120包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘120能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动。第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110还具有右端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘120向左移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的左端面齿啮合。第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130还具有左端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘120向右移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的右端面齿啮合。第一双端面齿组合齿盘120处于中间位置时，既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿啮合。
在本发明的实施例中自动变速器进一步包括：换挡控制机构。该换挡控制机构可以为内置的电磁执行机构；或者该换挡控制机构也可以为外置的液压、气动或电动执行机构。
在本实施例一中以内置的电磁机构作为驱动第一双端面齿组合齿盘120沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动的换挡控制机构。具体来说，该换挡控制机构包括安装在第一双端面齿组合齿盘120上的第一左端电磁铁和第一右端电磁铁。
参见图2，当所述第一左端电磁铁通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120向左移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的左端面齿啮合。第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110转动带动第一双端面齿组合齿盘120转动，从而使变速器的输入转速和动力直接通过变速器输入轴100传递到变速器输出轴150。此时的传动比为1，是直接档位，也是实施例一中的二档档位。
参见图3，当所述第一右端电磁铁通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120向右移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的右端面齿啮合。变速器输入轴100转动带动第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110转动，从而带动第一齿轮111转动，带动中间轴140转动，进一步带动通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上的第二齿轮131，进而带动第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130转动，由于第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的右端面齿啮合，因此最终带动第一双端面齿组合齿盘120和第一变速器输出轴150转动。这样变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴100、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一齿轮111、变速器中间轴140、第二齿轮131、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120传递到变速器输出轴150。在本实施例中此时的传动比为2.5，实现一档档位，以便于车辆适应起步和爬坡等工况。
需要说明的，在本发明的各个实施例中，都可以通过改变齿轮的尺寸及齿数来改变传动比和档位，以适应不同的实际情况和需求。
如图1所示，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120处在中间位置，既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿啮合时，变速器处于空档位。
实施例二
本发明的双端面齿组合齿盘特定的结构，可以很方便的扩展到三档、四档、五档、六档等等。本实施例二中给出由二档自动变速器扩展到三档自动变速器的结构。
图4是本发明实施例二中的三档自动变速器的结构简图。如图4所示，三档自动变速器的实现是在上述实施例一的两档自动变速器的基础上增加一个端面齿组合齿盘250、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240和第三齿轮241。即本实施例二中的三档自动变速器除了包括变速器输入轴100、变速器中间轴140、变速器输出轴150、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130、第一齿轮111和第二齿轮131以外，还包括：一个端面齿组合齿盘250、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240和第三齿轮241。
第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240具有周边齿和右端面齿，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240空套在变速器输出轴150上；第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240与第三齿轮241通过周边齿啮合；第三齿轮241通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上；
端面齿组合齿盘250包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘250通过键安装在变速器输出轴150上，端面齿组合齿盘250能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动。
端面齿组合齿盘250还包括第三左端电磁铁。
当第一双端面齿组合齿盘120不通电，而端面齿组合齿盘250的第三左端电磁铁通电时，端面齿组合齿盘250向左移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240的右端面齿和端面齿组合齿盘250的左端面齿啮合。
此时，变速器输入轴100转动带动第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110转动，从而带动第一齿轮111转动，带动变速器中间轴140转动，进一步带动通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上的第三齿轮241转动，进而带动第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240转动，由于第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿240的右端面齿和端面齿组合齿盘250的左端面齿啮合，因此最终带动端面齿组合齿盘250和变速器输出轴150转动。这样变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴100、外齿轮右端面齿 组合齿110、第一齿轮111、变速器中间轴140、第三齿轮241、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240和端面齿组合齿盘250传递到变速器输出轴150。此时实现该三档变速器的一个档位，在本具体实施例中为一档位。
当端面齿组合齿盘250的第三左端电磁铁不通电时，端面齿组合齿盘250处于中间位置，不和第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240的右端面齿啮合。
当端面齿组合齿盘250的第三左端电磁铁不通电，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的左端电磁铁通电时，与实施例一相同，变速器的输入转速和动力直接通过变速器的输入轴100传递到变速器输出轴150。此时实现该三档变速器的又一个档位，在本具体实施例中为三档位，也是直接档位。
当端面齿组合齿盘250的第三左端电磁铁不通电，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的第一右端电磁铁通电时，与实施例一相同，变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴100、外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一齿轮111、变速器中间轴140、第二齿轮131、外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130和双端面齿组合齿盘120传递到变速器输出轴150。此时实现该三档变速器的又一个档位，在本具体实施例中为二档位。
当端面齿组合齿盘250的左端第三电磁铁和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的第一左端电磁铁、第一右端电磁铁均不通电时，端面齿组合齿盘250和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120均处在中间位置，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿啮合，端面齿组合齿盘250不和第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿240的右端面齿啮合，此时处于空档。
各个档位的传动比可以通过改变齿轮的尺寸及齿数来改变，以适应不同的实际情况和需求。
另外需要说明的是：本实施例中的端面齿组合齿盘250为了达到本实施例的目的，包括左端面齿和第三左端电磁铁。在实际当中，也可以使用双端面齿组合齿盘，只是右端的端面齿和电磁铁得不到利用。
实施例三
本发明的双端面齿组合齿盘特定的结构，可以很方便的扩展到三档、四档、五档、六档等。本实施例详细描述如何由两档自动变速器扩展到四档自动变速器。
图5是本发明实施例三中的四档自动变速器的结构简图。如图5所示，四档自动变速器是在上述实施例一的两档自动变速器的基础上增加另一个二级级减速和第二双端面齿组合齿盘350实现。
如图5所示，本实施例三中的四档自动变速器除了包括变速器输入轴100、变速器中间轴140、变速器输出轴150、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130、第一齿轮111和第二齿轮131以外，还包括：第二双端面齿组合齿盘350、第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340、第四齿轮341、第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360和第五齿轮361。
其中，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340具有周边齿和右端面齿，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340空套在变速器输出轴150上；第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340与第四齿轮341通过周边齿啮合；第四齿轮341通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上；
第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360具有周边齿和左端面齿，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360空套在变速器输出轴150上；第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360与第五齿轮361通过周边齿啮合；第五齿轮361通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上；
第二双端面齿组合齿盘350包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；第二双端面齿组合齿盘350通过键 安装在变速器输出轴150上，第二双端面齿组合齿盘350能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动。
第二双端面齿组合齿盘350还包括：第二左端电磁铁和第二右端电磁铁。
当第二双端面齿组合齿盘350的第二左端电磁铁通电，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120不通电时，双端面齿组合齿盘120处于中间位置，第二双端面齿组合齿盘350向左移动到指定位置后，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340的右端面齿和第二双端面齿组合齿盘350的左端面齿啮合。
此时，变速器输入轴100转动带动第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110转动，从而带动第一齿轮111转动，带动中间轴140转动，进一步带动通过键固连在变速器中间轴140上的第四齿轮341，进而带动第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340转动，由于第三外齿轮左端面齿组合齿340的右端面齿和第二双端面齿组合齿盘350的左端面齿啮合，因此最终带动第二双端面齿组合齿盘350和变速器输出轴150转动。这样变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴100、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一齿轮111、变速器中间轴140、第四齿轮241、第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340和第二双端面齿组合齿盘350传递到变速器输出轴150。此时实现该四档变速器的一个档位。
类似地，当第二双端面齿组合齿盘的350的第二右端电磁铁通电，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120不通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120处于中间位置，而第二双端面齿组合齿盘350向右移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿360的左端面齿和第二双端面齿组合齿盘350的右端面齿啮合。此时变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴100、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一齿轮111、变速器中间轴140、第五齿轮361、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿360和第二双端面齿组合齿盘350传递到变速器输出轴150。此时实现该四档变速器的一个档位。
当第二双端面齿组合齿盘350电磁铁不通电，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的第一左端电磁铁通电时，与实施例一相同，变速器的输入转速和动力直接通过变速器的输入轴100传递到变速器输出轴150。此时实现该四档变速器的一个档位。
当第二双端面齿组合齿盘350电磁铁不通电，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120的第一右端电磁铁通电时，与实施例一相同，变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴100、外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110、第一齿轮111、变速器中间轴140、第二齿轮131、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130和一双端面齿组合齿盘120传递到变速器输出轴150。此时实现该四档变速器的一个档位。
当第二双端面齿组合齿盘350电磁铁和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120电磁铁均不通电时，第二双端面齿组合齿盘350和第一双端面齿组合齿盘120均处在各自对应的中间位置，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿110的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿130的左端面齿啮合，第二双端面齿组合齿盘350既不和第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿340的右端面齿啮合，也不和第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿360的左端面齿啮合，此时变速器处于空档。
各个档位的传动比可以通过改变齿轮的尺寸及齿数来改变，以适应不同的实际情况和需求。
根据上述实施例类推，可以看出：在实施例三的基础上，增加一个外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、一个齿轮和一个双端面齿组合齿盘即可实现五档自动变速器；在实施例三的基础上增加一个外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、一个外齿轮左端面齿组合齿、两个齿轮和一个双端面齿组合齿盘即可实现六档自动变速器。以此类推可得到如下方案：
实施例一所示自动变速器进一步包括：N个第一齿轮组，可以实现2+(N*2)档自动变速器；其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数。例如，N＝1时，实现如实施例三中所示的四档自动变速器； N＝2时，实现六档自动变速器，以此类推。
实施例一所示自动变速器进一步包括：N-1个第一齿轮组，以及一个第二齿轮组，以实现2+((N-1)*2)+1档自动变速器；其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数；每个第一齿轮组中包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、外齿轮左端面齿组合齿、齿轮一、齿轮二和双端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴150上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮一通过周边齿啮合；齿轮一固连在变速器中间轴140上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和左端面齿，外齿轮左端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴150上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿与齿轮二通过周边齿啮合；齿轮二固连在变速器中间轴140上；所述双端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；所述双端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴150上，能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动；
第二齿轮组包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、齿轮三和端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴150上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮三通过周边齿啮合；齿轮三固连在变速器中间轴140上；端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴150上，能够随变速器输出轴150同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴150轴向移动。例如，N＝1时，实现如实施例二中所示的三档自动变速器，N＝2时实现五档自动变速器，以此类推。
实施例四
图6、图7和图8是分别本发明实施例四中的两档、三档和四档自动变速器的结构简图。
参见图6，左端面齿组合齿盘620和右端面齿组合齿盘630是分别独立的结构，而实施例一中左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘是组装成一体的结构，即组装成第一双端面齿组合齿盘120(见图1)。
图6中所示的两档自动变速器的具体实施方式与实施例一类似，区别是：实施例一中当所述第一左端电磁铁通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120向左移动到指定位置，当所述第一右端电磁铁通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘120向右移动到指定位置；而在本实施例四中，当左端电磁铁通电时，左端面齿组合齿盘620向左移动到指定位置，右端面齿组合齿盘630不动；当右端电磁铁通电时，右端面齿组合齿盘630向右移动到指定位置，左端面齿组合齿盘620不动。
同理，图7、图8中所示的三档、四档自动变速器的具体实施方式分别与实施例二、实施例三中的三档、四档自动变速器对应类似，区别在于双端面齿组合齿盘由结构上独立的左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘组成。
实施例五
图9是本发明实施例五中的两档自动变速器的结构简图。
参见图9，实施例五中的自动变速器包括：第一左端面齿组合齿盘920、第一右端面齿组合齿盘960和一个两级减速的定轴轮系。该两级减速的定轴轮系包括：变速器输入轴900、变速器中间轴940、变速器输出轴950、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931、第一齿轮911和第二齿轮930；
其中，变速器输入轴900、变速器中间轴940和变速器输出轴950三根轴平行布局；在变速器输入轴900上通过键固连有第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910与第一齿轮911通过周边齿啮合，第一齿轮911通过键固连在变速器中间轴940上；第二齿轮 930通过键固连在变速器输出轴950，第二齿轮930与第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931通过周边齿啮合，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931空套在变速器中间轴940上。
其中，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动；第一右端面齿组合齿盘960能够随变速器中间轴940同步转动，并且能够沿变速器中间轴940轴向移动；
第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910还具有右端面齿；第一左端面齿组合齿盘920向左移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910的右端面齿和第一左端面齿组合齿盘920的左端面齿啮合；
第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931还具有左端面齿；第一右端面齿组合齿盘960向右移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931的左端面齿和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960的右端面齿啮合；
第一左端面齿组合齿盘920和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960处于中间位置时，既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931的左端面齿啮合。
该自动变速器进一步包括：换挡控制机构；该换挡控制机构可以为内置的电磁执行机构；或者该换挡控制机构也可以为外置的液压、气动或电动执行机构。
在本实施例五中以内置的电磁机构作为驱动第一左端面齿组合齿盘920沿变速器输出轴950和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960沿变速器中间轴940轴向移动的换挡控制机构。具体来说，该换挡控制机构包括安装在第一左端面齿组合齿盘920上的第一左端电磁铁和安装在第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)上的第一右端电磁铁。
当所述第一左端电磁铁通电时，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920向左移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910的右端面齿和第一左端面齿组合齿盘920的左端面齿啮合。变速器输入轴900转动带动第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910转动，进而带动第一左端面齿组合齿盘920转动，从而使变速器的输入转速和动力直接通过变速器输入轴900传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该两档变速器的一个档位。
当所述第一右端电磁铁通电时，第一右端面齿组合齿盘960向右移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931的左端面齿和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960的右端面齿啮合。变速器输入轴900转动带动第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910转动，从而带动第一齿轮911转动，带动中间轴940转动，进一步带动通过键安装在变速器中间轴940上的第一右端面齿组合齿盘960，由于第一右端面齿组合齿盘960的右端面齿和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931的左端面齿啮合，因此带动第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931转动，进而带动第二齿轮930和输出轴950转动。这样变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴900、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一齿轮911、变速器中间轴940、第一右端面齿组合齿盘960、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931、第二齿轮930最终传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该两档变速器的另一个档位。
需要说明的，在本发明的各个实施例中，都可以通过改变齿轮的尺寸及齿数来改变传动比和档位，以适应不同的实际情况和需求。
第一左端面齿组合齿盘920和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960处于中间位置时，既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931的左端面齿啮合时，变速器处于空档位。
实施例六
本实施例的左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘具有互相独立的结构，可以使本实施例的自动变速器很方便的扩展到三档、四档、五档、六档等等。本实施例五中给出由二档自动变速器扩展到三档自动变速器的结构。
图10是本发明实施例六中的三档自动变速器的结构简图。如图10所示，三档自动变速器的实现是在上述实施例五的两档自动变速器的基础上增加第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000、第三齿轮1011和第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010。即本实施例六中的三档自动变速器除了包括变速器输入轴900、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一左端面齿组合齿盘920、第一右端面齿组合齿盘960、变速器中间轴940、变速器输出轴950、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931、第一齿轮911和第二齿轮930以外，还包括：第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000和第三齿轮1011；
第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000具有周边齿和右端面齿，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000空套在变速器输出轴950上；第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000与第三齿轮1011通过周边齿啮合；第三齿轮1011通过键固连在变速器中间轴940上；
第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010包括：左端面齿；第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010通过键安装在变速器输出轴950上，第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动。
第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010还包括：第二左端电磁铁。
当第一左端面齿组合齿盘920和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960不通电，而第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010通电时，第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010向左移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000的右端面齿和第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010的左端面齿啮合。
此时，变速器输入轴900转动带动第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910转动，从而带动第一齿轮911转动，带动变速器中间轴940转动，进一步带动通过键固连在变速器中间轴940上的第三齿轮1011转动，带动第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000转动，由于第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000的右端面齿和第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010的左端面齿啮合，因此最终带动第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010和变速器输出轴950转动。这样变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴900、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一齿轮911、第三齿轮1011、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000、第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该三档变速器的一个档位。
当第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010不通电，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920通电时，与实施例四类似，变速器的输入转速和动力直接通过变速器输入轴900传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该三档变速器的另一个档位。
当第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010不通电，第一右端面齿组合齿盘960通电时，与实施例四类似，变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴900、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一齿轮911、变速器中间轴940、第一右端面齿组合齿盘960、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931、第二齿轮930最终传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该三档变速器的又一个档位。
当第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010、第一左端面齿组合齿盘920和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960均不通电时，第二左端面齿组合齿盘1010、第一左端面齿组合齿盘920和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960均处于中间位置，此时处于空挡。
处于中间位置时，不和第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1000的右端面齿啮合。
各个档位的传动比可以通过改变齿轮的尺寸及齿数来改变，以适应不同的实际情况和需求。
实施例七
本发明的左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘互相独立的结构，可以使本发明的自动变速器很方便的扩展到三档、四档、五档、六档等等。本实施例七中给出由二档自动变速器扩展到四档自动变速器的结构。
图11是本发明实施例七中的四档自动变速器的结构简图。如图11所示，四档自动变速器是在上述实施例五的两档自动变速器的基础上增加第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110、第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140、第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100、第四齿轮1101、第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130和第五齿轮1120实现。
如图11所示，本实施例七中的自动变速器除了包括变速器输入轴900、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一左端面齿组合齿盘920、第一右端面齿组合齿盘960、变速器中间轴940、变速器输出轴950、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931、第一齿轮911和第二齿轮930以外，还包括：第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110、第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140、第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100、第四齿轮1101、第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130和第五齿轮1120。
其中，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100具有周边齿和右端面齿，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100空套在变速器输出轴950上；第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100与第四齿轮1101通过周边齿啮合；第四齿轮1101通过键固连在变速器中间轴940上；
第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130具有周边齿和左端面齿，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130空套在变速器中间轴940上；第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130与第五齿轮1120通过周边齿啮合；第五齿轮1120通过键固连在变速器输出轴950上；
第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110包括：左端面齿；第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110通过键安装在变速器输出轴950上，第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动。
第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110还包括：第三左端电磁铁。
当第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110的第三左端电磁铁通电，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920的第一左端电磁铁和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960的第一右端电磁铁不通电时，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960处于中间位置，第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110向左移动到指定位置后，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100右端面齿和第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110的左端面齿啮合。
此时，变速器输入轴900转动带动第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910转动，从而带动第一齿轮911转动，带动变速器中间轴940转动，进一步带动通过键固连在变速器中间轴940上的第四齿轮1101转动，带动第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100转动，由于第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100的右端面齿和第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110的左端面齿啮合，因此最终带动第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110和变速器输出轴950转动。这样变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴900、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一齿轮911、第四齿轮1101、第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿1100、第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该四档变速器的一个档位。
第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140还包括：第二右端电磁铁。
当第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140的第二右端电磁铁通电，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920的第一左端电磁铁和第一右端面齿组合齿盘960的第一右端电磁铁不通电时，第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140向右移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130左端面齿和第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140的右端面齿啮合。
变速器输入轴900转动带动第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910转动，从而带动第一齿轮911转动，带动中间轴940转动，进一步带动通过键安装在变速器中间轴940上的第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140，由于第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140的右端面齿和第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130的左端面齿啮合，因此带动第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130转动，进而带动第五齿轮1120和输出轴950转动。这样变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴900、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一齿轮911、变速器中间轴940、第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140、第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿1130、第五齿轮1120最终传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该四档变速器的另一个档位。
当第一左端面齿组合齿盘920的第一左端电磁铁通电，第一右端面齿组合齿盘960的第一右端电磁铁、第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110的第三左端电磁铁和第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140的第二右端电磁铁不通电时，与实施例五类似，变速器的输入转速和动力直接通过变速器输入轴900传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该四档变速器的另一个档位。
第一右端面齿组合齿盘960的第一右端电磁铁通电，第一左端面齿组合齿盘920的第一左端电磁铁、第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110的第三左端电磁铁和第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140的第二右端电磁铁不通电时，与实施例五类似，变速器的输入转速和动力通过变速器的输入轴900、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿910、第一齿轮911、变速器中间轴940、第一右端面齿组合齿盘960、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿931、第二齿轮930最终传递到变速器输出轴950。此时实现该四档变速器的又一个档位。
当第一左端面齿组合齿盘920、第一右端面齿组合齿盘960、第三左端面齿组合齿盘1110和第三左端电磁铁和第二右端面齿组合齿盘1140均不通电时，变速器处于空档位。
需要说明的，在本发明的各个实施例中，都可以通过改变齿轮的尺寸及齿数来改变传动比和档位，以适应不同的实际情况和需求。
根据上述实施例类推，可以看出：在实施例七的基础上，增加一个外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、一个齿轮和一个双端面齿组合齿盘即可实现五档自动变速器；在实施例七的基础上增加一个外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、外齿轮左端面齿组合齿、两个齿轮和一个双端面齿组合齿盘即可实现六档自动变速器。以此类推可得到如下方案：
实施例五所示自动变速器进一步包括：N个第一齿轮组，可以实现2+(N*2)档自动变速器；其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数。例如，N＝1时，实现如实施例七中所示的四档自动变速器；N＝2时，实现六档自动变速器，以此类推。
实施例五所示自动变速器进一步包括：N-1个第一齿轮组，以及一个第二齿轮组，以实现2+((N-1)*2)+1档自动变速器；其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数，每个第一齿轮组中包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、外齿轮左端面齿组合齿、齿轮一、齿轮二、左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴950上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮一通过周边齿啮合；齿轮一固连在变速器中间轴940上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和左端面齿，外齿轮左端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴950上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿与齿轮二通过周边齿啮合；齿轮二固连在变速器中间轴940上；所述左端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴950上，能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动；所述右端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器中间轴940上，能够随变速器中间轴940同步转动，并能够沿变速器中间轴940轴向移动；
第二齿轮组包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、齿轮三和端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面 齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴950上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮三通过周边齿啮合；齿轮三固连在变速器中间轴940上；端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴950上，能够随变速器输出轴950同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴950轴向移动。例如，N＝1时，实现如实施例六中所示的三档自动变速器，N＝2时实现五档自动变速器，以此类推。
最后需要进一步强调的是：在本发明的上述实施例中自动变速器的换挡控制机构都以内置的电磁执行机构为例进行了说明。但是在本发明的其他实施例中该换挡控制机构也可以为外置的液压、气动或电动执行机构，用以对双端面齿组合齿盘和单端面齿组合齿盘进行定位，进而实现换挡控制，本领域的技术人员可以理解并知道具体的实现方式，这里不再一一详述。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：1、本发明采用双端面齿组合齿盘作为换档元件，与传统AMT相比，取消了外置的液压、气动或电动换档机构，结构简单，可靠性好，换档时间短，换档冲击较小，生产成本较低，易于实现产业化。2、本发明具有变速器齿轮布置形式简单、轴向尺寸短、占用空间小、重量轻、换档动作迅速和可靠性高的优点。3、本发明自动变速器可以很方便的扩展到三档、四档、五档、六档，以及更高的档位。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进、扩展等，均包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种自动变速器，其特征在于，包括：
    第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)和一个两级减速的定轴轮系；
    所述两级减速的定轴轮系包括：变速器输入轴(100)、变速器中间轴(140)、变速器输出轴(150)、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(110)、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(130)、第一齿轮(111)和第二齿轮(131)；
    其中，变速器输入轴(100)、变速器中间轴(140)和变速器输出轴(150)三根轴平行布局；在变速器输入轴(100)上通过键固连有第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(110)，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(110)与第一齿轮(111)通过周边齿啮合，第一齿轮(111)和第二齿轮(131)分别通过键固连在变速器中间轴(140)上；第二齿轮(131)与第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(130)通过周边齿啮合，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(130)空套在变速器输出轴(150)上；
    第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)通过键安装在变速器输出轴(150)上；
    所述第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)能够随变速器输出轴(150)同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴(150)轴向移动；
    第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(110)还具有右端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)向左移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(110)的右端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)的左端面齿啮合；
    第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(130)还具有左端面齿；第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)向右移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(130)的左端面齿和第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)的右端面齿啮合；
    第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)处于中间位置时，既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(110)的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(130)的左端面齿啮合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，该自动变速器进一步包括：换挡控制机构；
    所述换挡控制机构为内置的电磁执行机构；或者所述换挡控制机构为外置的液压、气动或电动执行机构；
    当所述换挡控制机构为内置的电磁执行机构时，所述换挡控制机构具体包括安装在所述第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)上的第一左端电磁铁和第一右端电磁铁；当所述第一左端电磁铁通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)向左移动到指定位置；当所述第一右端电磁铁通电时，第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)向右移动到指定位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，
    第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)的左端面齿和右端面齿、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(110)的右端面齿和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(130)左端面齿的齿间和齿槽均为矩形。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，进一步包括：一个端面齿组合齿盘(250)、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(240)和第三齿轮(241)；
    其中，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(240)具有周边齿和右端面齿，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(240)空套在变速器输出轴(150)上；第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(240)与第三齿轮(241)通过周边齿啮合；第三齿轮(241)通过键固连在变速器中间轴(140)上；
    端面齿组合齿盘(250)包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘(250)通过键安装在变速器输出轴(150)上，端面齿组合齿盘(250)能够随变速器输出轴(150)同步转动，并且能够沿变速 器输出轴(150)轴向移动；
    端面齿组合齿盘(250)向左移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(240)的右端面齿和端面齿组合齿盘(250)的左端面齿啮合；
    端面齿组合齿盘(250)处于中间位置时，不和第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(240)的右端面齿啮合。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，进一步包括：第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)、第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(340)、第四齿轮(341)、第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(360)和第五齿轮(361)；
    其中，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(340)具有周边齿和右端面齿，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(340)空套在变速器输出轴(150)上；第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(340)与第四齿轮(341)通过周边齿啮合；第四齿轮(341)通过键固连在变速器中间轴(140)上；
    第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(360)具有周边齿和左端面齿，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(360)空套在变速器输出轴(150)上；第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(360)与第五齿轮(361)通过周边齿啮合；第五齿轮(361)通过键固连在变速器中间轴(140)上；
    第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)通过键安装在变速器输出轴(150)上，第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)能够随变速器输出轴(150)同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴(150)轴向移动；
    第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)向左移动到指定位置后，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(340)右端面齿和第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)的左端面齿啮合；
    第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)向右移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(360)左端面齿和第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)的右端面齿啮合；
    第二双端面齿组合齿盘(350)处于中间位置时，既不和第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(340)的右端面齿啮合，也不和第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(360)的左端面齿啮合。
  6. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，
    进一步包括：N个第一齿轮组，以实现2+(N*2)档自动变速器；
    或者，进一步包括：N-1个第一齿轮组，以及一个第二齿轮组，以实现2+((N-1)*2)+1档自动变速器；
    其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数，
    每个第一齿轮组中包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、外齿轮左端面齿组合齿、齿轮一、齿轮二和双端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴(150)上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮一通过周边齿啮合；齿轮一固连在变速器中间轴(140)上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和左端面齿，外齿轮左端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴(150)上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿与齿轮二通过周边齿啮合；齿轮二固连在变速器中间轴(140)上；所述双端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿和右端面齿；所述双端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴(150)上，能够随变速器输出轴(150)同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴(150)轴向移动；
    第二齿轮组包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、齿轮三和端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴(150)上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮三通过周边齿啮合；齿轮三固连在变速器中间轴(140)上；端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴(150)上，能够随变速器输出轴 (150)同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴(150)轴向移动。
  7. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，
    所述第一双端面齿组合齿盘(120)由左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘组成；
    其中，左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘是分别独立的结构；或者，左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘是组装成一体的结构。
  8. 一种自动变速器，其特征在于，包括：
    第一左端面齿组合齿盘(920)、第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)和一个两级减速的定轴轮系；
    所述两级减速的定轴轮系包括：变速器输入轴(900)、变速器中间轴(940)、变速器输出轴(950)、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(910)、第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(931)、第一齿轮(911)和第二齿轮(930)；
    其中，变速器输入轴(900)、变速器中间轴(940)和变速器输出轴(950)三根轴平行布局；在变速器输入轴(900)上通过键固连有第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(910)，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(910)与第一齿轮(911)通过周边齿啮合，第一齿轮(911)通过键固连在变速器中间轴(940)上；第二齿轮(930)通过键固连在变速器输出轴(950)，第二齿轮(930)与第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(931)通过周边齿啮合，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(931)空套在变速器中间轴(940)上；
    所述第一左端面齿组合齿盘(920)能够随变速器输出轴(950)同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴(950)轴向移动；第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)能够随变速器中间轴(940)同步转动，并且能够沿变速器中间轴(940)轴向移动；
    第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(910)还具有右端面齿；第一左端面齿组合齿盘(920)向左移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(910)的右端面齿和第一左端面齿组合齿盘(920)的左端面齿啮合；
    第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(931)还具有左端面齿；第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)向右移动到指定位置后，第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(931)的左端面齿和第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)的右端面齿啮合；
    第一左端面齿组合齿盘(920)和第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)处于中间位置时，既不和第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(910)的右端面齿啮合，也不和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(931)的左端面齿啮合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，该自动变速器进一步包括：换挡控制机构；
    所述换挡控制机构为内置的电磁执行机构；或者所述换挡控制机构为外置的液压、气动或电动执行机构；
    当所述换挡控制机构为内置的电磁执行机构时，所述换挡控制机构具体包括安装在所述第一左端面齿组合齿盘(920)上的第一左端电磁铁和第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)上的第一右端电磁铁；当所述第一左端电磁铁通电时，第一左端面齿组合齿盘(920)向左移动到指定位置；当所述第一右端电磁铁通电时，第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)向右移动到指定位置。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，
    第一左端面齿组合齿盘(920)的左端面齿和第一右端面齿组合齿盘(960)、第一外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(910)的右端面齿和第一外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(931)左端面齿的齿间和齿槽均 为矩形。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10中任一项所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，进一步包括：第二左端面齿组合齿盘(1010)、第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1000)和第三齿轮(1011)；
    其中，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1000)具有周边齿和右端面齿，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1000)空套在变速器输出轴(950)上；第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1000)与第三齿轮(1011)通过周边齿啮合；第三齿轮(1011)通过键固连在变速器中间轴(940)上；
    第二左端面齿组合齿盘(1010)包括：左端面齿；第二左端面齿组合齿盘(1010)通过键安装在变速器输出轴(950)上，第二左端面齿组合齿盘(1010)能够随变速器输出轴(950)同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴(950)轴向移动；
    第二左端面齿组合齿盘(1010)向左移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1000)的右端面齿和第二左端面齿组合齿盘(1010)的左端面齿啮合；
    第二左端面齿组合齿盘(1010)处于中间位置时，不和第二外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1000)的右端面齿啮合。
  12. 根据权利要求8-10中任一项所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，进一步包括：第三左端面齿组合齿盘(1110)、第二右端面齿组合齿盘(1140)、第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1100)、第四齿轮(1101)、第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(1130)和第五齿轮(1120)；
    其中，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1100)具有周边齿和右端面齿，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1100)空套在变速器输出轴(950)上；第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1100)与第四齿轮(1101)通过周边齿啮合；第四齿轮(1101)通过键固连在变速器中间轴(940)上；
    第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(1130)具有周边齿和左端面齿，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(1130)空套在变速器中间轴(940)上；第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(1130)与第五齿轮(1120)通过周边齿啮合；第五齿轮(1120)通过键固连在变速器输出轴(950)上；
    第三左端面齿组合齿盘(1110)包括：左端面齿；第三左端面齿组合齿盘(1110)通过键安装在变速器输出轴(950)上，第三左端面齿组合齿盘(1110)能够随变速器输出轴(950)同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴(950)轴向移动；
    第三左端面齿组合齿盘(1110)向左移动到指定位置后，第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1100)右端面齿和第三左端面齿组合齿盘(1110)的左端面齿啮合；
    第二右端面齿组合齿盘(1140)包括：右端面齿；第二右端面齿组合齿盘(1140)通过键安装在变速器中间轴(940)上，第二右端面齿组合齿盘(1140)能够随变速器中间轴(940)同步转动，并能够沿变速器中间轴(940)轴向移动；
    第二右端面齿组合齿盘(1140)向右移动到指定位置后，第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(1130)左端面齿和第二右端面齿组合齿盘(1140)的右端面齿啮合；
    第三左端面齿组合齿盘(1110)和第二右端面齿组合齿盘(1140)处于中间位置时，既不和第三外齿轮右端面齿组合齿(1100)的右端面齿啮合，也不和第二外齿轮左端面齿组合齿(1130)的左端面齿啮合。
  13. 如权利要求8-10中任一项所述的自动变速器，其特征在于，
    进一步包括：N个第一齿轮组，以实现2+(N*2)档自动变速器；
    或者，进一步包括：N-1个第一齿轮组，以及一个第二齿轮组，以实现2+((N-1)*2)+1档自动变速器；
    其中，N为大于或等于1的正整数，
    每个第一齿轮组中包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、外齿轮左端面齿组合齿、齿轮一、齿轮二、左端面齿组合齿盘和右端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴(950)上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮一通过周边齿啮合；齿轮一固连在变速器中间轴(940)上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和左端面齿，外齿轮左端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴(950)上；外齿轮左端面齿组合齿与齿轮二通过周边齿啮合；齿轮二固连在变速器中间轴(940)上；所述左端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴(950)上，能够随变速器输出轴(950)同步转动，并能够沿变速器输出轴(950)轴向移动；所述右端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器中间轴(940)上，能够随变速器中间轴(940)同步转动，并能够沿变速器中间轴(940)轴向移动；
    第二齿轮组包括：外齿轮右端面齿组合齿、齿轮三和端面齿组合齿盘；其中，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿具有周边齿和右端面齿，外齿轮右端面齿组合齿空套在变速器输出轴(950)上；外齿轮右端面齿组合齿与齿轮三通过周边齿啮合；齿轮三固连在变速器中间轴(940)上；端面齿组合齿盘包括：左端面齿；端面齿组合齿盘安装在变速器输出轴(950)上，能够随变速器输出轴(950)同步转动，并且能够沿变速器输出轴(950)轴向移动。
PCT/CN2016/080020 2015-05-29 2016-04-22 自动变速器 WO2016192484A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017561931A JP6547009B2 (ja) 2015-05-29 2016-04-22 自動変速機
US15/576,719 US10533639B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2016-04-22 Automatic transmission
EP16802407.3A EP3276203B1 (en) 2015-05-29 2016-04-22 Automatic transmission

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510289991.4 2015-05-29
CN201510289991.4A CN104930137B (zh) 2015-05-29 2015-05-29 自动变速器

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016192484A1 true WO2016192484A1 (zh) 2016-12-08

Family

ID=54117458

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2016/080020 WO2016192484A1 (zh) 2015-05-29 2016-04-22 自动变速器

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10533639B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3276203B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6547009B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN104930137B (zh)
WO (1) WO2016192484A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106931091A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-07-07 浙江万里扬股份有限公司 变速机构、自动变速器和自动变速器的换挡控制方法
EP3670227A4 (en) * 2018-01-19 2020-09-30 Jing-Jin Electric Technologies Co., Ltd LONGITUDINAL VEHICLE DRIVE ARRANGEMENT WITH A SINGLE POWER SOURCE

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104930137B (zh) * 2015-05-29 2018-07-27 精进电动科技股份有限公司 自动变速器
CN106427551B (zh) * 2016-11-21 2018-08-03 合肥工业大学 一种用于电动汽车的免转轴两挡变速传动系统
CN106763554B (zh) * 2017-02-08 2017-11-28 南京越博动力系统股份有限公司 一种车用双轴横置纯电驱动力系统进行变速的方法
CN206678766U (zh) 2017-03-06 2017-11-28 精进电动科技股份有限公司 一种纵置双动力源车辆驱动总成
DE102017204336A1 (de) 2017-03-15 2018-09-20 Wirtgen Gmbh Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine mit Schaltgetriebe zwischen Antriebsmotor und rotierbarer Arbeitsvorrichtung
DE102017205662A1 (de) * 2017-04-04 2018-10-04 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Antriebsstrang für ein Fahrzeug
CN108980287A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2018-12-11 上海众联能创新能源科技股份有限公司 一种电动汽车两挡自动变速器
CN108973662A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2018-12-11 上海众联能创新能源科技股份有限公司 一种纯电动车辆两档动力总成
CN109986956A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2019-07-09 比亚迪股份有限公司 动力驱动系统及车辆
CN108312824A (zh) * 2018-03-13 2018-07-24 吉林大学 一种用于纯电动物流车的三挡电驱动装置和纯电动物流车
CN108422849A (zh) * 2018-04-04 2018-08-21 精进电动科技股份有限公司 一种纵置双动力源车辆驱动总成
CN111114268A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2020-05-08 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 一种两挡纯电动环卫车动力系统及一种纯电动环卫车
US11441644B2 (en) 2019-10-07 2022-09-13 Arvinmeritor Technology, Llc Axle assembly having a multi-speed transmission and a drop gear set
US11207976B2 (en) * 2019-10-07 2021-12-28 Arvinmeritor Technology, Llc Axle assembly having a multi-speed countershaft transmission
US11209072B2 (en) 2019-10-07 2021-12-28 Arvinmeritor Technology, Llc Axle assembly having a multi-speed transmission
CN111140629B (zh) * 2020-01-16 2023-09-08 苏州扬陵自动化设备有限公司 一种定向行星转动机构
CN112621333A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-09 扬州力创机床有限公司 一种机床主轴自动换挡机构

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101722838A (zh) * 2008-10-23 2010-06-09 河南科技大学 车辆电控电执行机构自动变速器
JP2012127407A (ja) * 2010-12-15 2012-07-05 Isuzu Motors Ltd 潤滑機構付きスイング式シフトフォークを備えた変速装置
CN102840309A (zh) * 2012-09-18 2012-12-26 清华大学 一种用于电动汽车对中间轴调速的无同步器换挡系统
DE102011086134A1 (de) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren zur Steuerung von Schaltabläufen eines Getriebes
CN203297530U (zh) * 2013-03-11 2013-11-20 郑浩 一种灵活传动变速器
CN203717803U (zh) * 2014-03-04 2014-07-16 李红波 一种电动车三挡变速传动机构
CN103994217A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2014-08-20 吉林大学 电动车用机械式自动换挡系统
CN104930137A (zh) * 2015-05-29 2015-09-23 精进电动科技（北京）有限公司 自动变速器

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1875386A (en) 1932-09-06 Automotive transmission
DE412749C (de) * 1925-04-28 Walter Saemann Zahnraederwechselgetriebe, insbesondere fuer Motorfahrzeuge, mit staendig in Eingriff stehenden Zahnraedern
BE354724A (zh) 1927-10-05 1900-01-01
FR747331A (fr) 1932-11-25 1933-06-14 Perfectionnements apportés aux mécanismes de changement de vitesse, notamment à ceux pour véhicules automobiles
DE853369C (de) * 1941-09-13 1952-10-23 Daimler Benz Ag Mehrgang-Wechselgetriebe
US3372593A (en) 1964-10-27 1968-03-12 Eclipse Consult Transmission with fluid operated clutches and torsion bar
JPS5726994Y2 (zh) * 1977-12-09 1982-06-11
JPS5491580A (en) 1977-12-29 1979-07-20 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Method of making radial tire
JPS5597213U (zh) 1978-12-27 1980-07-05
JPS60129428A (ja) 1983-12-16 1985-07-10 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 変速装置
JPS62261727A (ja) 1986-05-09 1987-11-13 Fuji Seiki Kk ロ−タリ−ダンパ
JPH041777U (zh) 1990-04-19 1992-01-08
CN2184538Y (zh) * 1993-11-27 1994-12-07 广东省高州市第一机械厂 双速圆盘锯石机变速装置
DE19934696A1 (de) * 1999-07-23 2001-05-17 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem
DE10120060A1 (de) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-31 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Fahrzeuggetriebe
DE10136231A1 (de) * 2001-07-25 2003-02-06 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Fahrzeuggetriebe mit progressiver Getriebestufung
JP2005121124A (ja) * 2003-10-16 2005-05-12 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd ソーラーパネルを駆動するための減速装置
WO2008062718A1 (fr) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Kyoto University Transmission et procédé de changement de vitesse
CN201187568Y (zh) * 2008-05-06 2009-01-28 武汉精密同创机械有限公司 组合式同步器滑动齿套
CN201390152Y (zh) * 2009-04-27 2010-01-27 武汉理工大学 电动汽车自动变速动力系统
DE102011011170A1 (de) * 2011-02-14 2012-08-16 Audi Ag Geschwindigkeits-Wechselgetriebe für Kraftfahrzeuge
CN203743235U (zh) * 2014-01-24 2014-07-30 长城汽车股份有限公司 用于变速器的同步器组件及具有它的变速器
CN103899716A (zh) * 2014-03-27 2014-07-02 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 一种用于新能源汽车的双中间轴斜齿两档自动变速箱
CN205423703U (zh) * 2015-05-29 2016-08-03 精进电动科技（北京）有限公司 自动变速器

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101722838A (zh) * 2008-10-23 2010-06-09 河南科技大学 车辆电控电执行机构自动变速器
JP2012127407A (ja) * 2010-12-15 2012-07-05 Isuzu Motors Ltd 潤滑機構付きスイング式シフトフォークを備えた変速装置
DE102011086134A1 (de) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren zur Steuerung von Schaltabläufen eines Getriebes
CN102840309A (zh) * 2012-09-18 2012-12-26 清华大学 一种用于电动汽车对中间轴调速的无同步器换挡系统
CN203297530U (zh) * 2013-03-11 2013-11-20 郑浩 一种灵活传动变速器
CN203717803U (zh) * 2014-03-04 2014-07-16 李红波 一种电动车三挡变速传动机构
CN103994217A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2014-08-20 吉林大学 电动车用机械式自动换挡系统
CN104930137A (zh) * 2015-05-29 2015-09-23 精进电动科技（北京）有限公司 自动变速器

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106931091A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-07-07 浙江万里扬股份有限公司 变速机构、自动变速器和自动变速器的换挡控制方法
EP3670227A4 (en) * 2018-01-19 2020-09-30 Jing-Jin Electric Technologies Co., Ltd LONGITUDINAL VEHICLE DRIVE ARRANGEMENT WITH A SINGLE POWER SOURCE
US11440400B2 (en) 2018-01-19 2022-09-13 Jing-Jin Electric Technologies Co., Ltd. Longitudinally provided vehicle driving assembly having single power source

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20180135730A1 (en) 2018-05-17
JP6547009B2 (ja) 2019-07-17
CN104930137B (zh) 2018-07-27
EP3276203B1 (en) 2019-12-18
CN104930137A (zh) 2015-09-23
EP3276203A1 (en) 2018-01-31
JP2018516348A (ja) 2018-06-21
EP3276203A4 (en) 2018-11-14
US10533639B2 (en) 2020-01-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2016192484A1 (zh) 自动变速器
JP6517865B2 (ja) 自動車両用ハイブリッド伝動装置
KR101543164B1 (ko) 하이브리드 차량용 파워트레인
WO2018000962A1 (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
CN103527726B (zh) 变速器
WO2018000965A1 (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
WO2018000963A1 (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
WO2018077267A1 (zh) 动力传动系统以及具有其的车辆
WO2018000955A1 (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
KR101181746B1 (ko) 더블 클러치 변속기
WO2018000960A1 (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
WO2018000956A1 (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
US20190242458A1 (en) Power drive system and vehicle
WO2018000964A1 (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
KR20120108627A (ko) 자동화 수동 변속기
WO2018000959A1 (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
CN205423703U (zh) 自动变速器
WO2023109838A1 (zh) 一种变速器
CN206067489U (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
CN107539091B (zh) 动力驱动系统和车辆
WO2014008711A1 (zh) 一种可预选档的机械式变速器
CN113389853B (zh) 一种十速双离合变速器、变速箱及汽车
CN110017359B (zh) 基于面齿轮的多档电动汽车变速器
CN109578530B (zh) 三挡变速器及三挡电动总成
CN205423771U (zh) 8+8挡位变速箱

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 16802407

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 15576719

Country of ref document: US

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2017561931

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE