WO2016187861A1 - 一种用于选矿的分选筒 - Google Patents

一种用于选矿的分选筒 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016187861A1
WO2016187861A1 PCT/CN2015/080029 CN2015080029W WO2016187861A1 WO 2016187861 A1 WO2016187861 A1 WO 2016187861A1 CN 2015080029 W CN2015080029 W CN 2015080029W WO 2016187861 A1 WO2016187861 A1 WO 2016187861A1
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sorting cylinder
sorting
magnetic field
cylinder
mineral
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PCT/CN2015/080029
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张宝祥
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张宝祥
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/080029 priority Critical patent/WO2016187861A1/zh
Publication of WO2016187861A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016187861A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers
    • B03C1/12—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers with magnets moving during operation; with movable pole pieces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a material sorting apparatus, and more particularly to a material sorting apparatus.
  • Mineral resources are an important support for the development of the national economy and one of the essential factors for the survival and development of human society.
  • mineral resources from the initial geological rock mine to the final application in all areas of society, through mining, mineral processing and product processing three links.
  • mineral processing technology With the depletion of rich mineral resources, the characteristics of ore minerals are becoming more and more conspicuous, making the mineral processing technology particularly important in the development and utilization of mineral resources.
  • Most minerals in mineral resources have low useful components and complex mineral composition. They must be separated by mineral processing to increase the content of useful mineral components to meet the requirements of the next smelting and processing technology.
  • Tailings are a major component of industrial solid waste and contain a certain amount of useful metals and non-metallic minerals. It can be regarded as a composite mineral material such as silicate or carbonate, and has the characteristics of fine particle size, large quantity, pollution and maintenance environment.
  • the sorting cylinder is supported on the frame and is rotatable about a central axis thereof, and a magnetic field generating device is disposed on a circumference of the sorting cylinder, the magnetic field generating device comprising a plurality of pairs of magnetic plates, the magnetic plate Arranged around the circumference of the sorting cylinder and fixed to the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic field generating means may be arranged in a circumferential direction around a sorting chamber of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic field generating means may be arranged on the entire circumference of the sorting cylinder or on a part of the circumference around the sorting chamber of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate in the magnetic field generating means may be an arc-shaped magnetic plate.
  • the magnetic plate in the sorting cylinder, may be embedded in a wall of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate in the sorting cylinder, may be in close contact with an inner wall surface or an outer wall surface of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate in the sorting cylinder, may have a curved surface matching the outer wall of the sorting cylinder, disposed on the outer wall of the sorting cylinder and closely attached to the sorting cylinder.
  • both ends of the sorting cylinder may be open, one end is a feeding end, and the other end is a discharging end; preferably, the sorting cylinder is The opening of the feed end may be smaller than the opening at the discharge end; more preferably, the sorting cylinder may be provided with a neck portion for preventing the outflow of the mineral material on one side of the feed end.
  • the sorting cylinder may be a cylinder whose one end is open and the other end is closed.
  • the sorting cylinder in the sorting cylinder, may be disposed to be inclined downward toward a side of the discharge.
  • Figure 1 shows a side view of a sorting cylinder in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic end view of the sorting cylinder of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic end view of a sorting cylinder in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a sorting cylinder is proposed, the central axis of which is arranged transversely and has a sorting chamber for the passage of the mineral to be selected, the sorting cylinder being supported on the frame and rotatable about its own central axis
  • a magnetic field generating device is disposed on a circumference of the sorting cylinder, and the magnetic field generating device includes a plurality of pairs of magnetic plates disposed around a circumference of the sorting cylinder and fixed to the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic field generating means may be arranged around the sorting chamber of the sorting cylinder in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic field generating means may be arranged on the entire circumference of the sorting cylinder or on a part of the circumference around the sorting chamber of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate in the magnetic field generating device may be a curved magnetic plate.
  • the magnetic plate may be embedded in the wall of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate may be in close contact with the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate in the sorting cylinder, may have a curved surface matching the outer wall of the sorting cylinder, disposed on the outer wall of the sorting cylinder and closely attached to the sorting cylinder.
  • the two ends of the sorting cylinder may be open, one end is a feeding end, and the other end is a discharging end; preferably, the opening of the sorting cylinder at the feeding end may be smaller than the opening at the discharging end;
  • the sorting cylinder may be provided with a neck portion for preventing the outflow of the mineral material on one side of the feed end.
  • the sorting cylinder may be a cylinder that is open at one end and closed at the other end.
  • the sorting cylinder may be arranged to slope downward toward the side of the discharge.
  • the invention also discloses a beneficiation device, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.
  • the beneficiation equipment involved in the present disclosure can be used not only for beneficiation of magnetite ore, hematite, etc., but also for beneficiation of manganese ore, non-ferrous metals and rare metals.
  • Ore that may utilize the apparatus of the present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, magnetite, hematite, vein tungsten, sand tin, beach sand, pyrrhotite, ilmenite, wolframite, strontium iron Mines, coltan, monazite and brown earth mines, etc.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is not only applicable to the above-described magnetic minerals.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention is also used to screen other magnetic materials, as well as to screen materials capable of inducing magnetism, and to screen other materials as long as they can produce motion changes in the apparatus of the present invention and can be attached to the sorting.
  • the blank wall reaches the blanking area.
  • a beneficiation apparatus 200 comprising: a sorting cylinder 210, the sorting cylinder being an internal hollow drum, The central axis of the drum is laterally arranged and has a sorting chamber 215 for the passage of raw slurry therein; a magnetic field generating device 220, which is arranged around the circumference of the sorting cylinder 210 to create a surrounding chamber a magnetic field; a frame 230 for supporting the sorting cylinder; a driving device 240 for driving the sorting cylinder 210 around itself The spindle axis is rotated; and a blanking mechanism 270, a feeding mechanism 250, and a discharging mechanism 260, wherein the discharging mechanism includes a first discharge port 261 for conveying the selected mineral, and a first conveying port for conveying the remaining material
  • the two discharge ports 262 are disposed on the upper portion of the inner chamber of the sorting cylinder such
  • the magnetic generating device 220 is composed of a plurality of pairs of permanent magnet magnetic plates. It can be understood that an electromagnet can also be used instead of a permanent magnet.
  • the center axis of the sorting cylinder is substantially horizontally arranged.
  • the central axis of the sorting cylinder can also be appropriately tilted as appropriate.
  • the center axis of the sorting cylinder can be arranged such that the discharge end is slightly lower than the feed end.
  • the sorting cylinders such that the discharge end is slightly above the feed end.
  • FIG 2 shows an end elevational view of the beneficiation apparatus 200 shown in Figure 1, in which the construction of the inside of the sorting cylinder is omitted, such as the bracket, the drive, the feeding mechanism and the discharge mechanism are omitted. And other components.
  • the magnetic field generating device 220 is disposed around the sorting chamber 215 of the sorting cylinder 210 in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic field generating device 220 includes a plurality of pairs of magnetic plates arranged around the circumference of the sorting cylinder 210.
  • the magnetic field generating means 220 is arranged over the entire circumference of the sorting cylinder, and may also be arranged on a partial circumference.
  • the frame 230 includes a plurality of sets of rollers for supporting the sorting cylinder to enable the sorting cylinder to rotate.
  • the blanking mechanism 270 is disposed at an upper portion of the sorting chamber 215, and during the operation, the selected material falls into the first receiving device 263 connected to the first discharge port 261.
  • the slurry formed by mixing the mineral material to be selected and water is supplied into the sorting cylinder 210, and the driving device 240 drives the sorting cylinder 210 to rotate, and under the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device 220,
  • the mineral material in the sorting chamber of the cylinder 210 moves upward from the bottom of the chamber while following the rotation of the cylinder wall, and then falls due to the action of gravity, and the mineral material is repeatedly stirred inside the sorting cylinder 210, so that it is mixed.
  • the first mineral therein is separated during the agitation and attached to the inside of the barrel wall.
  • the first mineral attached to the wall of the cylinder along with the sorting cylinder The rotation is always upwards and reaches the blanking area above the inner chamber of the sorting cylinder.
  • the selected mineral (first mineral) is dropped to the first pick-up device 263 by the blanking mechanism 270 in the blanking zone, and then the first mineral exits the sorting cylinder 210 via the first outlet 261.
  • the tailings located at the bottom of the sorting chamber fall into the second receiving tank through the second discharge port of the sorting cylinder, leaving the sorting cylinder.
  • the workflow of the apparatus according to the present invention will be specifically described below by taking the selection of magnetite as an example.
  • the magnetite ore is mainly deposited metamorphic magnetite ore.
  • Most of the iron minerals in the ore are magnetite, mainly composed of fine-grained inlays, and the gangue minerals are mainly silicate minerals such as quartz or amphibole. In some cases, there are more iron silicates.
  • the ore may be preliminarily selected using the apparatus according to the present disclosure.
  • the primary selection process :
  • the granular or powdery raw mineral to be screened is supplied to the sorting chamber 215 of the sorting cylinder 210 by the feeding mechanism 250, while the raw ore is moved from the inlet to the outlet inside the sorting cylinder. Water is supplied through the water supply pipe 251 of the supply device 250.
  • the first material in the raw ore material is attached to the inner wall of the sorting cylinder by the magnetic field distributed along the circumference of the sorting chamber 215.
  • the sorting cylinder 210 is driven to rotate so that the mineral material moves upward from the bottom along the inner wall of the sorting cylinder while advancing and then falls due to the action of gravity.
  • the sorting cylinder continues to rotate, so that the mineral material repeats the above ascending and falling process in the sorting chamber, so that the first mineral in the mixed mineral material is separated during the stirring and tumbling process, and the magnetic field acts during the stirring process.
  • the lower ones combine to form a first mineral cluster or a mineral chain.
  • the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field are substantially perpendicular to the direction of advancement of the mineral material.
  • the first mineral material is attached to the inner wall of the sorting and moves upward with the rotation of the sorting cylinder to reach the blanking area above the sorting chamber 215.
  • the first mineral falls to the first pick-up device 263 through the blanking mechanism 270 in the blanking zone, and the selected first mineral is conveyed out of the sorting cylinder via the outlet of the first pick-up device 263.
  • the ingredients other than the first mineral in the raw ore material enter the second take-up device via the second discharge port in the lower portion of the sorting chamber, and then leave the beneficiation device.
  • the beneficiation equipment may be again after grinding Repeat the above selection process into another beneficiation equipment for fine selection.
  • both the raw ore and the selected minerals are flowed and transported in the form of pulp.
  • Pipes or conveyor belts can be used to transport a variety of materials.
  • the sorting cylinder 210 is laterally disposed and may be made of stainless steel or other wear resistant plastic material.
  • the sorting cylinder can also be made of other wear resistant materials that do not obstruct the magnetic lines of force.
  • the sorting cylinders can be manufactured in different sizes depending on the amount of processing.
  • the diameter of the sorting cylinder can range from 0.5 meters to 10 meters.
  • the length of the sorting cylinder can be in the range of 3 to 15 meters. It can be understood that, depending on the type of material to be selected and the rotational speed, the size of the sorting cylinder can be determined according to the specific situation, as long as the mineral material in the sorting chamber of the sorting cylinder is subjected to a sufficiently large magnetic field. It can be adsorbed onto the inner wall of the sorting cylinder.
  • the feed supply end of the supply mechanism 250 is disposed on the left side of the sorting cylinder 210, and the discharge mechanism 260 is disposed at the other end of the sorting cylinder 210.
  • the water supply pipe 251 extends from the right end to the left end, that is, the water supply pipe 251 extends from the discharge end of the sorting cylinder to the feed end, and preferably, the water outlet of the water supply pipe is at the feed end.
  • the portion of the water supply tube within the sorting chamber can have a plurality of openings spaced apart by a distance.
  • the water supply pipe 251 is made of a metal material and is disposed at a predetermined distance in the sorting chamber near the wall of the sorting cylinder, and the water supply pipe can also utilize the change while the water supply is being used.
  • the influence of the magnetic field on the magnetic field assists in the precise sorting of the slurry.
  • the water supply pipe is substantially parallel to the central axis of the sorting cylinder 210.
  • the slurry which is tumbling and stirring in the sorting chamber and the selected mineral material pass through the inner wall of the sorting cylinder and sorting
  • a gap between the tubes; preferably, one or more water supply tubes 251 are disposed near the barrel wall at a lower portion of the inner chamber of the sorting cylinder.
  • the water supply pipe does not rotate with the sorting cylinder and can be fixed to the bracket outside the sorting cylinder.
  • the position of the water supply pipe in the sorting chamber can be adjusted according to the nature of the mineral to be selected.
  • the water supply pipe 251 may be plural, preferably 2-5, and further preferably 2.
  • the distance of the water supply pipe from the bottom of the sorting cylinder and the vertical distance from the inner wall of the sorting cylinder can be adjusted.
  • the vertical distance of the water supply pipe from the bottom of the sorting chamber and the inner wall of the sorting cylinder can also be adjusted accordingly.
  • the selected mineral (the first mineral, in this embodiment, iron ore) in the slurry is subjected to a magnetic field during the ascending and falling process, and is repeatedly Stir and combine with each other during agitation to form a magnetic group and/or a magnetic chain. After being pooled into a large enough magnetic group and/or flux linkage, it is attached to the inner wall of the sorting cylinder and continues upward with the rotation of the sorting cylinder. Move to the blanking area above the sorting chamber.
  • the sorting cylinder is open at both ends with an opening at the feed end that is smaller than the opening at the discharge end.
  • the sorting cylinder may be provided with a neck portion for preventing the outflow of the mineral material on one side of the feeding mechanism.
  • the sorting cylinder can also be a cylinder whose one end is open and the other end is closed.
  • the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism are arranged on the same side, that is, on the open side of the sorting cylinder, in which case the feeding mechanism includes conveying the mineral material to the other side of the sorting cylinder Pipe (in the feed end).
  • the sorting cylinder can also be configured to slope downwardly from the inlet end toward the outlet end. That is, the center axis of the sorting cylinder is lower at one end of the outlet than at one end of the inlet.
  • the sorting cylinder can be a frusto-conical tubular structure that tapers from the inlet end toward the outlet end such that material can slowly move from the inlet toward the outlet under the force of gravity.
  • the taper of the sorting cylinder is in the range of 2 to 15 degrees.
  • the speed of the sorting cylinder can be between 5 and 20 rpm, preferably between 8 and 15 rpm. It can be understood that the rotation speed of the sorting cylinder can also be other suitable rotational speeds.
  • the feed rate of the ore entering the sorting cylinder may be, for example, 20 tons (T) per hour.
  • the maximum can be as high as 100-200T per hour.
  • the magnetic field generating device 220 is disposed around the sorting chamber 215.
  • the magnetic field generating means may be two sets of magnetic plates arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder to generate a magnetic field in the circumferential direction of the sorting cylinder.
  • Each of the magnetic plates includes a magnetic plate in which two magnetic poles correspond to each other, and the N pole and the S pole are spaced apart, and the magnetic plate may be a magnetic plate made of a permanent magnet.
  • more sets of magnetic plates such as 3 to 10 sets of magnetic plates (four sets shown in Figure 2), may be placed on the barrel. It will be appreciated that depending on the size of the barrel, a suitable number of magnetic plates may be placed on the primary or selective machine to create a magnetic field on the circumference of the barrel of the concentrator.
  • the magnetic plate in the magnetic field generating device may also be an electromagnetic device.
  • a retaining ring (not shown) is provided at the discharge end of the sorting cylinder.
  • a ring-shaped strong magnetic field is provided at one end of the sorting cylinder near the outlet for preventing a substance having magnetic properties, a substance capable of inducing magnetism, or other substances capable of being affected by the magnetic field from flowing out of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic field strength of the toroidal strong magnetic field is preferably greater than 4000 Gs (Gauss), more preferably greater than 5000 Gs.
  • the magnetic field strengths of the different magnetic plate groups may be different, and a varying magnetic field for the option mineral is generated in the sorting chamber.
  • the magnetic field strength of the magnetic plates constituting the magnetic field generating device may be between about 3000 Gs (Gauss) and 6000 Gs.
  • the magnetic field strength of the magnetic plate may be in the range of 0 to 2000 Gs. Magnetic plates of different strengths may be alternately distributed or continuously distributed.
  • the magnetic plate may be curved to fit snugly against the inner or outer edge of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate may be embedded in the wall of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate in the magnetic field generating device has a curved surface that matches the outer wall of the sorting cylinder, is disposed on the outer wall of the sorting cylinder and fits snugly on the sorting cylinder.
  • the driving device 240 is used to drive the sorting cylinder to rotate.
  • the drive device includes a motor, a transmission gear, and a rack disposed on an outer circumference of the sorting cylinder. It is to be understood, however, that the drive means can be any other suitable means or mechanism capable of driving the rotation of the sorting cylinder.
  • the rotation speed of the sorting cylinder may be 5-20 rpm, preferably 8 to 15 rpm.
  • a blanking mechanism 270 is disposed in the upper portion of the sorting chamber and can extend from the outside of the sorting cylinder into the sorting chamber through a support suspension (not shown).
  • the motor of the driving device may be an electric motor, and the rated power of the electric motor may be selected from 7.5 kW, 5 kW, 11 kW, and the like.
  • the magnetic field acting area in the sorting cylinder is greater than 6 square meters.
  • the circumferential magnetic field strength of the sorting cylinder may be between about 3000 Gs (Gauss) and 6000 Gs when the primary selection is performed.
  • the magnetic field strength in the sorting cylinder can be between 0 and 2000 Gs.
  • the strength of the magnetic field in the beneficiation equipment can be selected according to the actual situation.
  • the magnetic field strength of the beneficiation equipment used for mineral primary selection can be as high as 20,000 Gs.
  • the magnetic field strength of the mineral material may vary unevenly from 0 to 5000 GS, and the material is selected according to the arrangement of the magnetic plates.
  • the magnetic lines of force around the barrel vary in both the lateral and longitudinal directions.

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Abstract

公开了一种用于选矿的分选筒（210），所述分选筒（210）的中心轴线横向布置并且在内部具有供待选矿料通过的选别腔室（215），所述分选筒（210）支撑在机架（230）上并且能够围绕自身中心轴线转动，所述分选筒（210）的圆周上布置有磁场发生装置（220），所述磁场发生装置包括多个成对的磁板，所述磁板围绕分选筒的圆周布置并且固定在所述分选筒上。

Description

一种用于选矿的分选筒 技术领域
本发明涉及物料选别设备，更具体而言，涉及一种物料选别装置。
背景技术
矿产资源是国民经济发展的重要支撑，也是人类社会生存、发展不可缺失的要素之一。一般而言，矿产资源从其最初的地质岩矿到最终应用于社会的各个领域，需要经过开采、选矿和制品加工三个环节。随着富矿资源日趋枯竭，矿石矿物贫细杂的特点日趋显著，使得选矿工艺技术在矿产资源的开发利用过程中显得尤为重要。矿产资源中多数矿石的有用组分含量低、矿物组成复杂，必须经过选矿处理才能将其分离，提高有用矿物成分含量，以到达下一步冶炼和加工技术的要求。
选矿作为一门成熟的工业技术，具有近百年的历史。但是在富矿资源逐渐减少的情况下，现有的选矿技术和设备存在矿产资源浪费严重的问题。目前，在尾矿处理方面也没有有效的资源整治和资源回收设备。尾矿是工业固体废物的主要组成部分，其中含有一定数量的有用金属、非金属矿物。可以视为一种复合的硅酸盐、碳酸盐等矿物材料，并具有粒度细、数量大、污染和维护环境的特点。
我国的尾矿多以自然堆积法储存于尾矿坝中，不仅要侵占大量的土地、污染矿区与周边地区的环境，形成安全隐患，同时也造成大量有价金属与非金属资源流失，成为矿山发展的严重制约因素。因此，急需一种有效的处理设备来对尾矿资源进行综合利用和减排，使之变废为宝，化害为利，从而改善生态环境，提高资源利用率，促进矿业可持续发展。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，急需一种能够提高选矿效率和妥善处理尾矿的 设备。
发明人通过多年的科学实验和研究，提出了一种新颖的用于选矿设备的分选筒，所述分选筒的中心轴线横向布置并且在内部具有供待选矿料通过的选别腔室，所述分选筒支撑在机架上并且能够围绕自身中心轴线转动，所述分选筒的圆周上布置有磁场发生装置，所述磁场发生装置包括多个成对的磁板，所述磁板围绕分选筒的圆周布置并且固定在所述分选筒上。
根据本发明的第二方面，在所述分选筒中，所述磁场发生装置可以在圆周方向上围绕分选筒的选别腔室布置。
根据本发明的第三方面，在所述分选筒中，所述磁场发生装置可以布置在分选筒的整个圆周上或者部分圆周上围绕分选筒的选别腔室布置。
根据本发明的第四方面，在所述分选筒中，所述磁场发生装置中的磁板可以是弧形的磁板。
根据本发明的第五方面，在所述分选筒中，所述磁板可以嵌置在所述分选筒的筒壁内。
根据本发明的第六方面，在所述分选筒中，所述磁板可以与分选筒的内壁表面或者外壁表面紧密贴合。
根据本发明的第七方面，在所述分选筒中，所述磁板可以具有与分选筒的外壁相匹配的曲面，布置在分选筒的外壁上并且紧密贴合在分选筒上。
根据本发明的第八方面，在所述分选筒中，所述分选筒的两端可以是开放的，一端为进料端，另一端为出料端；优选地，所述分选筒在进料端的开口可以小于在出料端的开口；更优选地，所述分选筒在进料端的一侧可以设置用于阻止矿料流出的缩口部。
根据本发明的第九方面，在所述分选筒中，所述分选筒可以是一端开放，另一端封闭的筒体。
根据本发明的第十方面，在所述分选筒中，所述分选筒可以设置成朝向出料的一侧向下倾斜。
利用根据本发明的设备，能够从大量抛弃的各类矿石或者尾矿中高效选别出有经济价值的矿料。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开内容的技术方案，下面参照附图描述本申请的具体实施方式。
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的分选筒的侧视示意图；
图2示出了图1是的分选筒的示意性端视图；
图3示出根据本发明的另一个实施方式的分选筒的示意性端视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步说明。显然，在本公开内容中所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。本发明的保护范围并不受下文所描述的具体实施方式的限制。
在下文的公开内容中，可以理解的是，所示出的实施方式和实例仅仅是示例性的。除非在本文中有特别的说明，本公开内容中所提到的各种元件、术语以及措辞与本领域普通技术人员所普遍理解的定义和含义是一致的。需要注意的是，附图中所示出的各种设备、装置、管道、元件和组件等等的形状构造以及位置仅仅是示意性的，应该理解，图中所示的各个元素在实践中根据现场情况会有不同的形态和形式，这并不偏离本发明的精神和主旨。
提出了一种分选筒，所述分选筒的中心轴线横向布置并且在内部具有供待选矿料通过的选别腔室，所述分选筒支撑在机架上并且能够围绕自身中心轴线转动，所述分选筒的圆周上布置有磁场发生装置，所述磁场发生装置包括多个成对的磁板，所述磁板围绕分选筒的圆周布置并且固定在所述分选筒上。
所述磁场发生装置可以在圆周方向上围绕分选筒的选别腔室布置。 所述磁场发生装置可以布置在分选筒的整个圆周上或者部分圆周上围绕分选筒的选别腔室布置。所述磁场发生装置中的磁板可以是弧形的磁板。
可选的，所述磁板可以嵌置在所述分选筒的筒壁内。
优选地，所述磁板可以与分选筒的内壁表面或者外壁表面紧密贴合。
在一个实施方式中，在分选筒中，所述磁板可以具有与分选筒的外壁相匹配的曲面，布置在分选筒的外壁上并且紧密贴合在分选筒上。
例如，所述分选筒的两端可以是开放的，一端为进料端，另一端为出料端；优选地，所述分选筒在进料端的开口可以小于在出料端的开口；更优选地，所述分选筒在进料端的一侧可以设置用于阻止矿料流出的缩口部。
可选的，分选筒可以是一端开放，另一端封闭的筒体。
优选地，分选筒可以设置成朝向出料的一侧向下倾斜。
本发明还公开了一种选矿设备，该设备具有效率高，节约能耗和环保等特点。
可以理解的是，本公开内容中所涉及的选矿设备不仅可以用于磁铁矿石、赤铁矿等选矿，还可以用于锰矿、有色金属和稀有金属等等的选矿。可以利用本公开内容中的设备的矿石包括但不限于：磁铁矿、赤铁矿、脉钨矿、砂锡矿、海滨砂矿、磁黄铁矿、钛铁矿、黑钨矿、钽铁矿、铌铁矿、独居石以及褐钇铌矿等等。
此外，根据发明人的实验结果，本发明的设备并不仅仅适用于上述的磁性矿物。根据本发明的设备同样用于筛选其他磁性物料，还有用于筛选能感应出磁性的物料，还能够筛选其他物料，只要这些物料能够在本发明的设备中产生运动变化，能够贴附到分选筒壁上到达落料区。
在根据本发明的一个实施方式中，如图1和图2的示意图所示，提供了一种选矿设备200，该选矿设备包括：分选筒210，所述分选筒为内部中空的滚筒，该滚筒的中心轴线横向布置并且在内部具有供原矿浆通过的选别腔室215；磁场发生装置220，所述磁场发生装置围绕所述分选筒210的圆周布置，以产生围绕选别腔室的磁场；用于支撑所述分选筒的机架230；驱动装置240，该驱动装置用于驱动分选筒210围绕自身中 心轴线转动；以及落料机构270、供料机构250和出料机构260，其中所述出料机构包括有用于输送被选出矿物的第一出料口261，以及用于输送其余物料的第二出料口262，该落料机构270布置在分选筒内腔上部，使得被选出物料落入与第一出料口261相连的第一接料装置263，供料机构用于将水和矿料形成的矿浆供入分选筒210的选别腔室215。
在图1和图2所示的选矿设备中，磁发生装置220由若干对的永磁体磁板构成。可以理解的是，也可以利用电磁体来替代永磁体。
在本实施方式中，分选筒的中心轴线大致水平布置。
在其它的实施方式中，分选筒的中心轴线也可以根据情况适当倾斜。例如，如果需要比较快的出料速度或者为了便于出料，分选筒的中心轴线可以布置成使得出料端稍微低于进料端。在某些情况下，例如对于流速过快的矿料或者流动性较好的矿物，也可以将分选筒布置成出料端稍微高于进料端的方式。
图2示出了图1中所示的选矿设备200端面立视图，在该图中为了更清楚地示出分选筒内部的构造，省略了诸如支架、驱动装置、进料机构和出料机构等部件。
如图2更清楚地所示，磁场发生装置220在圆周方向上围绕分选筒210的选别腔室215布置。优选地，磁场发生装置220包括多个成对的磁板，磁板围绕分选筒210的圆周布置。优选地，磁场发生装置220布置在分选筒的整个圆周上，也可以布置部分圆周上。机架230包括用于支撑分选筒的多组辊轮，以使得分选筒能够转动。落料机构270布置在选别腔室215上部，在运行过程中能够使得被选出物料落入与第一出料口261相连的第一接料装置263。
在选矿设备的工作过程中，待选的矿料与水混合形成的矿浆供入分选筒210中，驱动装置240驱动分选筒210旋转，在磁场发生装置220所产生的磁场作用下，分选筒210的选别腔室中的矿料在跟随筒壁转动的同时，自腔室底部向上运动，并且随后由于重力的作用而下落，矿料在分选筒210内部反复搅拌，使得被夹杂在其中的第一矿物在搅拌过程中分离出来，并贴附到筒壁内侧。贴附在筒壁上的第一矿物随着分选筒 的转动一直向上运动，到达分选筒内腔上方的落料区。在落料区通过落料机构270使得选出矿物(第一矿物)下落至第一接料装置263，然后第一矿料经由第一出口261离开分选筒210。位于选别腔室的底部的尾矿经由分选筒的第二出料口落入第二接料槽，离开分选筒。
下文将以选别磁铁矿为例来具体说明根据本发明的设备的工作流程。磁铁矿石主要是沉积变质型磁铁矿石，矿石中铁矿物绝大部分是磁铁矿，以细粒嵌布为主，脉石矿物主要为石英或者角闪石等硅酸盐矿物。在有些情况下含硅酸铁较多。
在进行选矿时，可以利用根据本公开内容的设备对矿石进行初选。在初选过程中：
首先，通过供料机构250将粒状或者粉状的待筛选原矿料供入分选筒210的分选腔室215中，同时使得原矿料在分选筒的内部自入口向出口运动。通过供料装置250的供水管251供入水。在沿着分选腔室215的圆周分布的磁场的作用下，原矿料中的第一物料贴附到分选筒的内壁上。
驱动分选筒210旋转，使得矿料在前进的同时沿分选筒的内壁自底部向上运动并且随后由于重力的作用而下落。分选筒持续转动，使得矿料在分选腔室内重复上述上升和下落过程，使得被夹杂在的矿料中第一矿物在搅拌和翻滚过程中分离出来，在搅拌的过程中在磁场的作用下相互结合形成第一矿物团或者矿物链。优选地，所述磁场的磁力线与与矿料的前进方向大致相垂直。
在磁场的作用下，第一矿料贴附在分选内壁上随着分选筒的转动一直向上运动，到达分选腔室215上方的落料区。
在落料区通过落料机构270使得第一矿物下落至第一接料装置263，并且经由第一接料装置263的出口将选别出的第一矿物输送至分选筒之外。
原矿料中的除了所述第一矿物之外的成分经由分选腔室下部的第二出料口进入第二接料装置，然后离开选矿设备。
优选地，在第一矿料经过选矿设备的筛选之后，可以在研磨后再次 进入另一选矿设备中重复上述选料过程，进行精细选别。
在上述选矿过程中，原矿料和选出矿物均是以矿浆的形式来流动和输送的。可以利用管道来或者传送带来输送各种物料。
在本实施方式中，分选筒210是横向布置的，可以由不锈钢或者其他耐磨塑料材料制成。分选筒也可以由其他不会阻碍磁力线的耐磨材料制成。
根据处理量的不同，分选筒可以制造成不同的尺寸。例如，分选筒的直径可以在0.5米至10米的范围内。分选筒的长度可以在3至15米的范围内。可以理解的是，根据所要选别的材料类型和转速，分选筒的尺寸可以根据具体的情况来确定，只要在分选筒的选别腔室内的矿料受到了足够大的磁场的作用，能够被吸附到分选筒的内壁上。
如图1所示，供料机构250的矿料供入端布置在分选筒210的左侧，出料机构260布置在分选筒210的另一末端。供水管251自右端延伸至左端，也即供水管251自分选筒的出料端延伸至进料端，优选地，供水管的出水口在进料端。在其他的实施方式中，供水管在分选腔室内的部分可以具有多个间隔开一定距离的开口。
在图3所示的选矿设备中，供水管251由金属材料制成，布置在选别腔室中的靠近分选筒筒壁预定距离处，在供水的同时，供水管还能利用其在变化磁场中对于磁场的影响，辅助对矿浆进行精确选别。供水管与分选筒210的中心轴线大致相平行，在分选筒的转动过程中，在选别腔室中翻滚和搅拌的矿浆以及选出矿料穿过在分选筒的内壁与分选器之间的空隙；优选地，在分选筒的内腔的下部靠近筒壁设置有一个或更多个供水管251。供水管不随着分选筒转动，可以固定在分选筒之外的支架上。优选地，针对不同的待选矿料，供水管在选别腔室中的位置可以根据所要选别矿物的性质进行调整。
供水管251可以为多条，优选地为2-5条，进一步优选的为2条。
供水管距离分选筒底部的距离以及距离分选筒内壁的垂直距离是可以调整的。对于不同的待选矿物和品位要求，供水管距离选别腔室的底部和分选筒内壁的垂直距离也可以相应进行调整。
通过在分选筒圆周上设置的磁场以及供水管，使得矿浆中的被选矿物(第一矿物，在本实施例中为铁矿)在上升和下落的过程中，受到磁场的作用，被反复搅拌并且在搅拌过程中相互结合，形成磁团和/或磁链，在汇集成足够大的磁团和/或磁链之后，贴附在分选筒内壁上随着分选筒的转动一直向上运动，到达选别腔室中位于上方的落料区。
在图中所示的实施方式中，分选筒是两端开放的，在进料端的开口小于在出料端的开口。例如，分选筒可以在供料机构的一侧设置用于阻止矿料流出的缩口部。
可以理解的是，分选筒也可以是一端开放，另一端封闭的筒体。相应的，供料机构和出料机构布置在同一侧，也即布置在分选筒的开放的一侧，在此情况下，供料机构包括有将矿料输送至分选筒的另一侧(入料端)的管道。
在其他实施方式中，分选筒也可以设置成自入口端朝向出口端向下倾斜。也即，分选筒中心轴线在出口的一端低于位于进口的一端。
在又一个实施方式中，分选筒可以是截头圆锥形的筒状结构，该分选筒从入口端朝向出口端逐渐扩大，从而使得物料可以在重力的作用下自入口朝向出口缓慢运动。优选地，分选筒的锥度在2至15度的范围内。
在选矿过程中，分选筒的转速可以在5-20转/分钟，优选地在8至15转/分钟。可以理解的是，分选筒的转速也可以是其他适宜的转速。
此外，还需要根据实际的情况选择适当的供料速度。在根据本发明的选矿设备中，进入分选筒内的矿料的供料速度例如可以是每小时20吨(T)。最大可以高达100-200T每小时。
磁场发生装置220围绕分选腔室215布置。磁场发生装置可以是布置在筒体圆周方向上的两组磁板，从而在分选筒的周向上产生磁场。其中每组磁板包括两个磁极相互对应的磁板，并且N极和S极间隔布置，所述磁板可以是由永磁体制成的磁板。在其他的实施方式中，在筒体上可以布置更多组的磁板，例如3至10组磁板(图2中所示为4组)。可以理解的，根据筒体的尺寸，可以在初选机或者精选机上布置适宜数量的磁板，以便在选矿机的筒体的圆周上产生磁场。
磁场发生装置中的磁板也可以是电磁装置。
优选地，在分选筒的出料端设置挡料磁环(未示出)。具体而言，在分选筒的靠近出口的一端设置一个环向的强磁场，用于阻止具有磁性的物质、能够感应出磁性的物质，或者其他能受到磁场影响的物质流出分选筒。环向强磁场的磁场强度优选地大于4000Gs(高斯)，更优选地大于5000Gs。
优选地，在根据本发明的磁场发生装置中，不同磁板组的磁场强度可以是不同的，在选别腔室内产生用于选项矿物的变化磁场。构成磁场发生装置的磁板的磁场强度可以在大约3000Gs(高斯)至6000Gs之间。优选地，当用于对矿粉进行精细选别时，磁板的磁场强度可以在0至2000Gs的范围内。不同强度的磁板可以交替分布或连续分布。
优选地，磁板可以是曲面的，与分选筒的内壁或者外边紧密贴合。
在一个实施方式中，磁板可以嵌置在分选筒的筒壁中。
在一个实施方式中，磁场发生装置中的磁板具有与分选筒的外壁相匹配的曲面，布置在分选筒的外壁上并且紧密贴合在分选筒上。通过这样的布置，能够使得磁板在选别腔室中产生的磁场更加强烈，从而能够产生更好的选别效果。
驱动装置240用于驱动分选筒转动。在一个实施方式中，驱动装置包括马达、传动齿轮以及布置在分选筒外周的齿条。可是理解的是，驱动装置可以是其他任何能够驱动分选筒转动的适宜装置或机构。
在根据本发明的选矿设备中，分选筒的转速可以在5-20转/分钟，优选地在8至15转/分钟。
落料机构270布置在分选腔室上部，可以通过支撑悬架(未示出)自分选筒外部延伸进入分选腔室内。
在根据本发明的选矿设备中，驱动装置的马达可以是电动马达，该电动马达的额定功率可以选自7.5kw，5kw，11kw等等。
优选地，分选筒中的磁场作用面积大于6平方米。
优选地，在根据本发明的选矿设备中，当进行初选时，分选筒的周向的磁场强度可以在大约3000Gs(高斯)至6000Gs之间。当进行精细 选矿时，分选筒中的磁场强度可以在0至2000Gs之间。
当然，选矿设备中的磁场强度可以根据实际情况进行选择，在使用电磁装置来产生磁场的情况下，用于矿物初选的选矿设备的磁场强度可以高达2万Gs。
在根据本发明的选矿设备中，当矿料在选别腔室内转动时，矿料所受的磁场强度可以从0—5000GS不均匀地间隔变化，并且随着磁板的布置方式不同，选料筒外周的磁力线在横向和纵向上都有变化。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于选矿的分选筒，其特征在于，所述分选筒的中心轴线横向布置并且在内部具有供待选矿料通过的选别腔室，所述分选筒支撑在机架上并且能够围绕自身中心轴线转动，所述分选筒的圆周上布置有磁场发生装置，所述磁场发生装置包括多个成对的磁板，所述磁板围绕分选筒的圆周布置并且固定在所述分选筒上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的分选筒，其特征在于，所述磁场发生装置在圆周方向上围绕分选筒的选别腔室布置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的分选筒，其特征在于，所述磁场发生装置布置在分选筒的整个圆周上或者部分圆周上围绕分选筒的选别腔室布置。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的分选筒，其特征在于，所述磁场发生装置中的磁板是弧形的磁板。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的分选筒，其特征在于，所述磁板嵌置在所述分选筒的筒壁内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的分选筒，其特征在于，优选地，所述磁板与分选筒的内壁表面或者外壁表面紧密贴合。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的分选筒，其特征在于，所述磁板具有与分选筒的外壁相匹配的曲面，布置在分选筒的外壁上并且紧密贴合在分选筒上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的分选筒，其特征在于，所述分选筒的两端是开放的，一端为进料端，另一端为出料端；优选地，所述分选筒在进料端的开口小于在出料端的开口；更优选地，所述分选筒在进料端的一侧设置用于阻止矿料流出的缩口部。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的分选筒，其特征在于，所述分选筒是一端开放，另一端封闭的筒体。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的分选筒，其特征在于，所述分选筒设置成朝向出料的一侧向下倾斜。
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