WO2016187860A1 - 一种无水式矿物选别设备 - Google Patents

一种无水式矿物选别设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016187860A1
WO2016187860A1 PCT/CN2015/080028 CN2015080028W WO2016187860A1 WO 2016187860 A1 WO2016187860 A1 WO 2016187860A1 CN 2015080028 W CN2015080028 W CN 2015080028W WO 2016187860 A1 WO2016187860 A1 WO 2016187860A1
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Prior art keywords
sorting cylinder
sorting
magnetic field
beneficiation
cylinder
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PCT/CN2015/080028
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张宝祥
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张宝祥
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/080028 priority Critical patent/WO2016187860A1/zh
Publication of WO2016187860A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016187860A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers
    • B03C1/14—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers with non-movable magnets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to beneficiation equipment and, more particularly, to an anhydrous mineral sorting apparatus.
  • a high content of minerals is accompanied by one or more other minerals of relatively low content.
  • iron ore may be accompanied by minerals such as sulfur ore, copper ore, and silicon ore.
  • the existing equipment is usually only for the screening and purification of a relatively high content of minerals.
  • Other minerals with relatively low content are discarded as tailings waste, and the various metal minerals contained in the tailings are not included.
  • the operation of re-purification has resulted in the loss and waste of a large number of usable and valuable metal minerals, and the accumulation of a large number of tailings has also polluted the surrounding environment.
  • the inventor proposed a novel mineral processing equipment through years of scientific experiments and research.
  • a beneficiation apparatus comprising: a sorting cylinder, which may be an inner hollow drum, the central axis of which may be laterally arranged and provided with raw minerals inside a passing chamber; a magnetic field generating device, the magnetic field generating device being disposed around a circumference of the sorting cylinder to generate a magnetic field surrounding the sorting chamber; a frame for supporting the sorting cylinder; a driving device for driving the sorting cylinder to rotate about its central axis; and a blanking mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a discharging mechanism; wherein the discharging mechanism may include a conveying mechanism a first discharge port of the selected mineral, and a second discharge port for conveying the remaining material, the blanking mechanism is disposed at an upper portion of the inner cavity of the sorting cylinder, so that the selected material falls into the first discharge port A connected first receiving device for feeding the mineral material into the sorting chamber of the sorting cylinder.
  • a sorting cylinder which may be an inner hollow drum, the central axis of which may be
  • the magnetic generating device may be constructed of pairs of permanent magnet magnetic plates.
  • the magnetic generating device may be constructed of pairs of electromagnets.
  • the central axis of the sorting cylinder may be arranged substantially horizontally.
  • the central axis of the sorting cylinder may be inclined, and the central axis of the sorting cylinder may be arranged such that the discharge end is slightly lower than the feed end.
  • the magnetic field generating means may be disposed on the entire circumference or a part of the circumference of the sorting cylinder.
  • the frame may include a plurality of sets of rollers for supporting the sorting cylinder.
  • the blanking mechanism may include a scraper that is in close contact with the inner wall of the sorting cylinder, and preferably, the scraper may include a base and a replaceable scraper.
  • the blanking mechanism may further include a blanking bar disposed before the scraping plate, the blanking bar being spaced apart from the inner wall of the sorting cylinder by a certain distance, and adjacent to the scraping plate Arrangement.
  • the blanking rod is arranged to extend from the discharge end of the sorting cylinder to the feed end, substantially parallel to the scraper, adjacent the inner wall of the sorting cylinder and leaving a void for the passage of the mineral material.
  • the device according to the invention has low energy consumption, high metal recovery rate, high metal recovery grade, and no need of water, thereby solving the problem of environmental pollution.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B show schematic views of an apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • a beneficiation apparatus which does not require the use of water as a beneficiation medium during the beneficiation process, and can be widely used in water-deficient areas or in mineral processing places that are inconvenient to access water sources.
  • the beneficiation equipment involved in the present disclosure can be used not only for beneficiation of magnetite ore, hematite, etc., but also for beneficiation of manganese ore, non-ferrous metals and rare metals.
  • Ore that may utilize the apparatus of the present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, magnetite, hematite, vein tungsten, sand tin, beach sand, pyrrhotite, ilmenite, wolframite, strontium iron Mines, coltan, monazite and brown earth mines, etc.
  • a beneficiation apparatus 200 comprising: a sorting cylinder 210, the sorting cylinder being An inner hollow cylinder having a central axis laterally disposed therein and having a sorting chamber 215 for the passage of raw minerals therein; a magnetic field generating device 220 disposed around the circumference of the sorting cylinder 210 to produce a surrounding selection a magnetic field of the chamber; a frame 230 for supporting the sorting cylinder; a driving device 240 for driving the sorting cylinder 210 to rotate about its central axis; and a blanking mechanism 270, a feeding mechanism 250, and a discharge Mechanism 260, wherein the discharge mechanism includes a first discharge port 261 for conveying the selected mineral, and a second discharge port 262 for conveying the remaining material, the blanking mechanism 270 is disposed at the upper portion of the inner cavity of the separation cylinder The selected material falls into the first
  • the magnetic generating device 220 is composed of a plurality of pairs of permanent magnet magnetic plates. It can be understood that an electromagnet can also be used instead of a permanent magnet.
  • the center axis of the sorting cylinder is substantially horizontally arranged.
  • the central axis of the sorting cylinder can also be appropriately tilted as appropriate.
  • the center axis of the sorting cylinder can be arranged such that the discharge end is slightly lower than the feed end.
  • the sorting cylinders such that the discharge end is slightly above the feed end.
  • FIG. 1B shows an end elevational view of the beneficiation apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 1A, in which the structure such as the bracket, the driving device, the feeding mechanism, and the discharging mechanism are omitted in order to more clearly show the configuration inside the sorting cylinder. And other components.
  • the magnetic field generating device 220 is disposed around the sorting chamber 215 of the sorting cylinder 210 in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic field generating device 220 includes a plurality of pairs of magnetic plates arranged around the circumference of the sorting cylinder 210.
  • the magnetic field generating means 220 is arranged over the entire circumference of the sorting cylinder, and may also be arranged on a partial circumference.
  • the frame 230 includes a plurality of sets of rollers for supporting the sorting cylinder to enable the sorting cylinder to rotate.
  • the blanking mechanism 270 is disposed at an upper portion of the sorting chamber 215, and during the operation, the selected material falls into the first receiving device 263 connected to the first discharge port 261.
  • the mineral material to be selected is supplied to the sorting cylinder 210, and the driving device 240 drives the sorting cylinder 210 to rotate, and the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device 220 is made.
  • the mineral material in the sorting chamber of the sorting cylinder 210 moves upward from the bottom of the chamber while following the rotation of the cylinder wall, and then falls due to the action of gravity, and the mineral material is repeatedly stirred inside the sorting cylinder 210. So that the first mineral contained therein is separated during the stirring process and attached to the inside of the cylinder wall. The first mineral attached to the wall of the cylinder moves upwards as the sorting cylinder rotates, reaching the blanking zone above the inner chamber of the sorting cylinder.
  • the selected mineral (first mineral) is dropped to the first pick-up device 263 by the blanking mechanism 270 in the blanking zone, and then the first mineral exits the sorting cylinder 210 via the first outlet 261.
  • the tailings located at the bottom of the sorting chamber fall into the second take-up device via the second discharge port of the sorting cylinder, leaving the sorting cylinder.
  • the workflow of the apparatus according to the present invention will be specifically described below by taking the selection of magnetite as an example.
  • the magnetite ore is mainly deposited metamorphic magnetite ore.
  • Most of the iron minerals in the ore are magnetite, mainly composed of fine-grained inlays, and the gangue minerals are mainly silicate minerals such as quartz or amphibole. In some cases, there are more iron silicates.
  • the ore may be preliminarily selected using the apparatus according to the present disclosure.
  • the primary selection process :
  • the granular or powdery raw mineral to be screened is supplied to the sorting chamber 215 of the sorting cylinder 210 by the feeding mechanism 250, while the raw ore is moved from the inlet to the outlet inside the sorting cylinder.
  • the first material in the raw ore material is attached to the inner wall of the sorting cylinder by the magnetic field distributed along the circumference of the sorting chamber 215.
  • the sorting cylinder 210 is driven to rotate so that the mineral material moves upward from the bottom along the inner wall of the sorting cylinder while advancing and then falls due to the action of gravity.
  • the sorting cylinder continues to rotate, so that the mineral material repeats the above ascending and falling process in the sorting chamber, so that the first mineral contained in the mineral material is separated during the stirring and tumbling process, and under the action of the magnetic field during the stirring process Combine with each other to form a first mineral cluster or a mineral chain.
  • the first mineral material is attached to the inner wall of the sorting and moves upward with the rotation of the sorting cylinder to reach the blanking area above the sorting chamber 215.
  • the first mineral falls to the first pick-up device 263 through the blanking mechanism 270 in the blanking zone, and the selected first mineral is conveyed out of the sorting cylinder via the outlet of the first pick-up device 263.
  • a component other than the first mineral in the raw ore material is passed through a second portion of the lower portion of the sorting chamber
  • the discharge port enters the second receiving device and then leaves the beneficiation device.
  • the above-mentioned material selection process may be repeated in another beneficiation equipment after grinding to perform further fine selection.
  • both the raw ore and the selected minerals are flowed and transported in the form of dry granules or powder.
  • Pipes or conveyor belts can be used to transport a variety of materials.
  • the sorting cylinder 210 is laterally disposed and may be made of stainless steel or other wear resistant plastic material.
  • the sorting cylinder can also be made of other wear resistant materials that do not obstruct the magnetic lines of force.
  • the sorting cylinders can be manufactured in different sizes depending on the amount of processing.
  • the diameter of the sorting cylinder can range from 0.5 meters to 10 meters.
  • the length of the sorting cylinder can be in the range of 3 to 15 meters. It can be understood that, depending on the type of material to be selected and the rotational speed, the size of the sorting cylinder can be determined according to the specific situation, as long as the mineral material in the sorting chamber of the sorting cylinder is subjected to a sufficiently large magnetic field. It can be adsorbed onto the inner wall of the sorting cylinder.
  • the feeding mechanism 250 is disposed at the end of the left side of the sorting cylinder 210, and the discharging mechanism 260 is disposed at the other end of the sorting cylinder 210.
  • the sorting cylinder is open at both ends, and the opening of the sorting cylinder at the feed end is smaller than the opening at the discharge end.
  • the sorting cylinder may be provided with a reducing portion for preventing the outflow of the mineral material on one side of the feeding mechanism.
  • the sorting cylinder can also be a cylinder whose one end is open and the other end is closed.
  • the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism are arranged on the same side, that is, on the open side of the sorting cylinder, in which case the feeding mechanism includes conveying the mineral material to the other side of the sorting cylinder Pipe (in the feed end).
  • the sorting cylinder can also be configured to slope downwardly from the inlet end toward the outlet end. That is, the center axis of the sorting cylinder is lower at one end of the outlet than at one end of the inlet.
  • the sorting cylinder can be a frusto-conical tubular structure that tapers from the inlet end toward the outlet end such that material can slowly move from the inlet toward the outlet under the force of gravity.
  • the taper of the sorting cylinder is in the range of 2 to 15 degrees.
  • the speed of the sorting cylinder can be between 5 and 20 rpm, preferably between 8 and 15 rpm. It can be understood that the sorting cylinder rotation speed can also be other suitable rotation speeds.
  • the feed rate of the ore entering the sorting cylinder may be, for example, 20 tons per hour (T).
  • T tons per hour
  • the maximum can be as high as 100-200T per hour.
  • the magnetic field generating device 220 is disposed around the sorting chamber 215.
  • the magnetic field generating means may be two sets of magnetic plates arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder to generate a magnetic field in the circumferential direction of the sorting cylinder.
  • Each of the magnetic plates includes a magnetic plate in which two magnetic poles correspond to each other, and the N pole and the S pole are spaced apart, and the magnetic plate may be a magnetic plate made of a permanent magnet.
  • more sets of magnetic plates such as 3 to 10 sets of magnetic plates (four sets shown in Figure IB), may be placed on the barrel. It will be appreciated that depending on the size of the barrel, a suitable number of magnetic plates may be placed on the primary or selective machine to create a magnetic field on the circumference of the barrel of the concentrator.
  • the magnetic plate in the magnetic field generating device may also be an electromagnetic device.
  • a retaining ring (not shown) is provided at the discharge end of the sorting cylinder.
  • a ring-shaped strong magnetic field is provided at one end of the sorting cylinder near the outlet for preventing a substance having magnetic properties, a substance capable of inducing magnetism, or other substances capable of being affected by the magnetic field from flowing out of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic field strength of the toroidal strong magnetic field is preferably greater than 4000 gs (Gauss), and further preferably, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field is greater than 5000 gs.
  • the magnetic field strengths of the different magnetic plate groups may be different, and a varying magnetic field for the option mineral is generated in the sorting chamber.
  • the magnetic field strength of the magnetic plates constituting the magnetic field generating device may be between about 3000 gs (Gauss) and 6000 gs.
  • the magnetic field strength of the magnetic plate may be in the range of 0 to 2000 gs. Magnetic plates of different strengths may be alternately distributed or continuously distributed.
  • the magnetic plate may be curved to fit snugly against the wall of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate is embedded in the wall of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate can be embedded in the wall of the sorting cylinder.
  • the magnetic plate in the magnetic field generating device has a curved surface that matches the outer wall of the sorting cylinder, is disposed on the outer wall of the sorting cylinder and fits snugly on the sorting cylinder.
  • the driving device 240 is used to drive the sorting cylinder to rotate.
  • the drive device includes a motor, a transmission gear, and a rack disposed on an outer circumference of the sorting cylinder.
  • drive The moving device can be any other suitable device or mechanism capable of driving the rotation of the sorting cylinder.
  • the rotation speed of the sorting cylinder may be 5-20 rpm, preferably 8 to 15 rpm.
  • a blanking mechanism 270 is disposed in the upper portion of the sorting chamber and can extend from the outside of the sorting cylinder into the sorting chamber through a support suspension (not shown).
  • the blanking mechanism 270 includes a scraper 271 that abuts the inner wall of the sorting cylinder 210.
  • the squeegee 271 abuts against the inner wall of the sorting cylinder so that the selected mineral material attached to the inner wall of the sorting cylinder can be separated from the wall of the cylinder and dropped into the first splicing device 263 by gravity.
  • the squeegee may be made of an elastic wear resistant material such as rubber and may be pressed against the inner wall of the sorting cylinder by a spring mechanism.
  • the squeegee comprises a base and a replaceable squeegee made of an elastically wear resistant material and which can be replaced with a new squeegee after being worn to a certain extent.
  • the blanking mechanism 270 also includes a blanking bar 272 disposed prior to the squeegee 271. As shown in FIG. 1B, the blanking bar 272 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the sorting cylinder 210 by a certain distance and disposed adjacent to the squeegee 272. The blanking bar 272 can be arranged to extend from the discharge end of the sorting cylinder to the feed end, substantially parallel to the scraper, adjacent the inner wall of the sorting cylinder and leaving a void for the passage of the mineral material.
  • the blanking bar 272 may be made of a material such as a metal material, a carbon fiber material, or the like that is magnetic or capable of inducing magnetism.
  • a mechanical blanking method using a squeegee is employed.
  • the blanking mechanism when the magnetic plate in the magnetic field generating device is an electromagnetic device, the blanking mechanism may be an electrical degaussing device.
  • the blanking mechanism comprises an electrical degaussing device and a scraper.
  • the degaussing device includes a control module that is capable of controlling the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plates in the magnetic field generating device.
  • the control module controls the magnitude of the magnetic field of the electromagnet and does not generate a magnetic field, so that the selected mineral material is no longer attracted by the magnetic force, and thus cannot be attached to the sorting.
  • the inner wall of the cylinder is detached.
  • the first pick-up device 263 can be a pick-up slot disposed below the blanking mechanism.
  • the feed chute is gradually inclined downward from the feed end of the sorting cylinder so that the mineral falling into the trough can gradually slide down to the outlet under the action of gravity into the first discharge port.
  • non-magnetic iron in the raw material can be selected.
  • the ultra-lean vanadium-magnesium magnetite tailings re-selected iron fine powder to reach more than 65% Tfe, and the ore ratio is less than 25:1.
  • the metal iron in sulfuric acid slag can be as high as Tfe 85%, which is much higher than the highest data of 63.3% of the most advanced mineral processing technology in China.
  • the iron concentrate can be further purified, and about 65% of the iron concentrate can reach 71.5% by using the beneficiation apparatus according to the present invention. Almost close to the theoretical value of ferroferric oxide 72.4%.

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Abstract

公开了一种无水式选矿设备（200），其包括：分选筒（210），分选筒为内部中空的滚筒，滚筒的中心轴线横向布置并且在内部具有供原矿料通过的选别腔室（215）；磁场发生装置（220），磁场发生装置（220）围绕分选筒（210）的圆周布置，以产生围绕选别腔室（215）的磁场；用于支撑分选筒的机架（230）；驱动装置（240），驱动装置（240）用于驱动分选筒（210）围绕自身中心轴线转动；以及落料机构（270）、供料机构（250）和出料机构（260）；其中出料机构（260）包括有用于输送被选出矿物的第一出料口（261），以及用于输送其余物料的第二出料口（262），落料机构（270）布置在分选筒（210）内腔上部，使得被选出物料落入与第一出料口（261）相连的第一接料装置（263），供料机构（250）用于将矿料供入分选筒（210）的选别腔室（215）。

Description

一种无水式矿物选别设备 技术领域
本发明涉及选矿设备，更具体而言，涉及一种无水式矿物选别设备。
背景技术
选矿作为一门成熟的工业技术，具有近百年的历史。但是在富矿资源逐渐减少的情况下，现有的选矿技术和设备存在矿产资源浪费严重的问题。
由于各类金属矿物是以相互伴生的形式存在，一种含量高的矿物中还伴生有其它一种或多种含量相对较低的矿物。例如铁矿石中可能还伴生有硫矿、铜矿、硅矿等等矿物。目前我国的选矿行业，现有设备通常仅仅针对含量相对较高的一种矿物进行筛选提纯，其它含量相对较低的矿物均作为尾矿废弃物排放丢掉，不对尾矿中含有的各类金属矿物做再次提纯的操作，造成大量可用、有价的金属矿物的流失、浪费，大量的尾矿堆放还对周边环境造成污染。
而且，现有的选矿工艺一般都需要用水作为介质，但是在缺水的情况下，很多现有的选矿设备就不能直接使用。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，急需一种能够提高选矿效率并且能够在无水情况下正常工作的选矿设备。
发明人通过多年的科学实验和研究，提出了一种新颖的选矿设备。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供出了一种选矿设备，该设备包括：分选筒，所述分选筒可以为内部中空的滚筒，该滚筒的中心轴线可以横向布置并且在内部具有供原矿料通过的选别腔室；磁场发生装置，所述磁场发生装置可以围绕分选筒的圆周布置，以产生围绕选别腔室的磁场； 用于支撑分选筒的机架；驱动装置，该驱动装置用于驱动分选筒围绕自身中心轴线转动；以及落料机构、供料机构和出料机构；其中出料机构可以包括有用于输送被选出矿物的第一出料口，以及用于输送其余物料的第二出料口，该落料机构布置在分选筒内腔上部，使得被选出物料落入与第一出料口相连的第一接料装置，供料机构用于将矿料供入分选筒的选别腔室。
优选地，在根据本发明的一个实施方式中，所述磁发生装置可以由若干对的永磁体磁板构成。
优选地，在根据本发明的另一个实施方式中，所述磁发生装置可以由若干对的电磁体构成。
优选地，在根据本发明的选矿设备中，所述分选筒的中心轴线可以大致水平布置。
优选地，在根据本发明的选矿设备中，分选筒的中心轴线可以是倾斜的，所述的分选筒的中心轴线可以布置成使得出料端稍微低于进料端。
优选地，在根据本发明的选矿设备中，所述磁场发生装置可以布置在所述分选筒的整个圆周或者部分圆周上。
优选地，在根据本发明的选矿设备中，所述机架可以包括用于支撑分选筒的多组辊轮。
优选地，在根据本发明的选矿设备中，所述落料机构可以包括贴紧分选筒内壁的刮板，优选地，刮板可以包括底座和可替换的刮刀。
在根据本发明的选矿设备中，所述落料机构还可以包括布置在所述刮板之前的落料棒，所述落料棒与分选筒的内壁间隔开一定的距离，并且靠近刮板布置。
优选地，所述落料棒设置成从分选筒的出料口端延伸至进料端，与刮板大致平行，贴近分选筒的内壁并且留有供矿料通过的空隙。
利用根据本发明的设备，能够从大量抛弃的各类矿石或者尾矿中高效选别出有经济价值的矿料。
根据本发明的设备能源消耗低，金属回收率高，金属回收品位高，同时不需要用水，解决了对环境污染的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开内容的技术方案，下面参照附图描述本申请的具体实施方式。
图1A和1B示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的设备的示意图；
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步说明。显然，在本公开内容中所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。本发明的保护范围并不受下文所描述的具体实施方式的限制。
在下文的公开内容中，可以理解的是，所示出的实施方式和实例仅仅是示例性的。除非在本文中有特别的说明，本公开内容中所提到的各种元件、术语以及措辞与本领域普通技术人员所普遍理解的定义和含义是一致的。需要注意的是，附图中所示出的各种设备、装置、管道、元件和组件等等的形状构造以及位置仅仅是示意性的，应该理解，图中所示的各个元素在实践中根据现场情况会有不同的形态和形式，这并不偏离本发明的精神和主旨。
根据本公开内容的另一方面，提出了一种选矿设备，该选矿设备在选矿过程中无需使用水作为选矿介质，可以广泛用于缺水地区，或者用于不便接入水源的选矿场所。
可以理解的是，本公开内容中所涉及的选矿设备不仅可以用于磁铁矿石、赤铁矿等选矿，还可以用于锰矿、有色金属和稀有金属等等的选矿。可以利用本公开内容中的设备的矿石包括但不限于：磁铁矿、赤铁矿、脉钨矿、砂锡矿、海滨砂矿、磁黄铁矿、钛铁矿、黑钨矿、钽铁矿、铌铁矿、独居石以及褐钇铌矿等等。
在根据本发明的一个实施方式中，如图1A和图1B的示意图所示，提供了一种选矿设备200，该选矿设备包括：分选筒210，所述分选筒为 内部中空的滚筒，该滚筒的中心轴线横向布置并且在内部具有供原矿料通过的选别腔室215；磁场发生装置220，所述磁场发生装置围绕分选筒210的圆周布置，以产生围绕选别腔室的磁场；用于支撑分选筒的机架230；驱动装置240，该驱动装置用于驱动分选筒210围绕自身中心轴线转动；以及落料机构270、供料机构250和出料机构260，其中出料机构包括有用于输送被选出矿物的第一出料口261，以及用于输送其余物料的第二出料口262，该落料机构270布置在分选筒内腔上部，使得被选出物料落入与第一出料口261相连的第一接料装置263，供料机构用于将矿料供入分选筒210的选别腔室215。
在图1A和图1B所示的选矿设备中，磁发生装置220由若干对的永磁体磁板构成。可以理解的是，也可以利用电磁体来替代永磁体。
在本实施方式中，分选筒的中心轴线大致水平布置。
在其它的实施方式中，分选筒的中心轴线也可以根据情况适当倾斜。例如，如果需要比较快的出料速度或者为了便于出料，分选筒的中心轴线可以布置成使得出料端稍微低于进料端。在某些情况下，例如对于流速过快的矿料或者流动性较好的矿物，也可以将分选筒布置成出料端稍微高于进料端的方式。
图1B示出了图1A中所示的选矿设备200端面立视图，在该图中为了更清楚地示出分选筒内部的构造，省略了诸如支架、驱动装置、进料机构和出料机构等部件。
如图1B更清楚地所示，磁场发生装置220在圆周方向上围绕分选筒210的选别腔室215布置。优选地，磁场发生装置220包括多个成对的磁板，磁板围绕分选筒210的圆周布置。优选地，磁场发生装置220布置在分选筒的整个圆周上，也可以布置部分圆周上。机架230包括用于支撑分选筒的多组辊轮，以使得分选筒能够转动。落料机构270布置在选别腔室215上部，在运行过程中能够使得被选出物料落入与第一出料口261相连的第一接料装置263。
在选矿设备200的工作过程中，待选的矿料供入分选筒210中，驱动装置240驱动分选筒210旋转，在磁场发生装置220所产生的磁场作 用下，分选筒210的选别腔室中的矿料在跟随筒壁转动的同时，自腔室底部向上运动，并且随后由于重力的作用而下落，矿料在分选筒210内部反复搅拌，使得被夹杂在其中的第一矿物在搅拌过程中分离出来，并贴附到筒壁内侧。贴附在筒壁上的第一矿物随着分选筒的转动一直向上运动，到达分选筒内腔上方的落料区。在落料区通过落料机构270使得选出矿物(第一矿物)下落至第一接料装置263，然后第一矿料经由第一出口261离开分选筒210。位于选别腔室的底部的尾矿经由分选筒的第二出料口落入第二接料装置，离开分选筒。
下文将以选别磁铁矿为例来具体说明根据本发明的设备的工作流程。磁铁矿石主要是沉积变质型磁铁矿石，矿石中铁矿物绝大部分是磁铁矿，以细粒嵌布为主，脉石矿物主要为石英或者角闪石等硅酸盐矿物。在有些情况下含硅酸铁较多。
在进行选矿时，可以利用根据本公开内容的设备对矿石进行初选。在初选过程中：
首先，通过供料机构250将粒状或者粉状的待筛选原矿料供入分选筒210的分选腔室215中，同时使得原矿料在分选筒的内部自入口向出口运动。在沿着分选腔室215的圆周分布的磁场的作用下，原矿料中的第一物料贴附到分选筒的内壁上。
驱动分选筒210旋转，使得矿料在前进的同时沿分选筒的内壁自底部向上运动并且随后由于重力的作用而下落。分选筒持续转动，使得矿料在分选腔室内重复上述上升和下落过程，使得被夹杂在矿料中第一矿物在搅拌和翻滚过程中分离出来，在搅拌的过程中在磁场的作用下相互结合形成第一矿物团或者矿物链。
在磁场的作用下，第一矿料贴附在分选内壁上随着分选筒的转动一直向上运动，到达分选腔室215上方的落料区。
在落料区通过落料机构270使得第一矿物下落至第一接料装置263，并且经由第一接料装置263的出口将选别出的第一矿物输送至分选筒之外。
原矿料中的除了所述第一矿物之外的成分经由分选腔室下部的第二 出料口进入第二接料装置，然后离开选矿设备。
优选地，在第一矿料经过选矿设备的筛选之后，可以在研磨后再次进入另一选矿设备中重复上述选料过程，进行进一步的精细选别。
在上述选矿过程中，原矿料和选出矿物均是以干燥的粒状或者粉状的形式来流动和输送的。可以利用管道来或者传送带来输送各种物料。
在本实施方式中，分选筒210是横向布置的，可以由不锈钢或者其他耐磨塑料材料制成。分选筒也可以由其他不会阻碍磁力线的耐磨材料制成。
根据处理量的不同，分选筒可以制造成不同的尺寸。例如，分选筒的直径可以在0.5米至10米的范围内。分选筒的长度可以在3至15米的范围内。可以理解的是，根据所要选别的材料类型和转速，分选筒的尺寸可以根据具体的情况来确定，只要在分选筒的选别腔室内的矿料受到了足够大的磁场的作用，能够被吸附到分选筒的内壁上。
如图1A所示，供料机构250布置在分选筒210的左侧的末端，出料机构260布置在分选筒210的另一末端。在图中所示的实施方式中，分选筒是两端开放的，分选筒在进料端的开口小于在出料端的开口。例如，分选筒可以在供料机构的一侧设置用于阻止矿料流出的减缩部。
可以理解的是，分选筒也可以是一端开放，另一端封闭的筒体。相应的，供料机构和出料机构布置在同一侧，也即布置在分选筒的开放的一侧，在此情况下，供料机构包括有将矿料输送至分选筒的另一侧(入料端)的管道。
在其他实施方式中，分选筒也可以设置成自入口端朝向出口端向下倾斜。也即，分选筒中心轴线在出口的一端低于位于进口的一端。
在又一个实施方式中，分选筒可以是截头圆锥形的筒状结构，该分选筒从入口端朝向出口端逐渐扩大，从而使得物料可以在重力的作用下自入口朝向出口缓慢运动。优选地，分选筒的锥度在2至15度的范围内。
在选矿过程中，分选筒的转速可以在5-20转/分钟，优选地在8至15转/分钟。可以理解的是，分选筒转速也可以是其他适宜的转速。
此外，还需要根据实际的情况选择适当的供料速度。在根据本发明 的选矿设备中，进入分选筒内的矿料的供料速度例如可以是每小时20吨(T)。最大可以高达100-200T每小时。
磁场发生装置220围绕分选腔室215布置。磁场发生装置可以是布置在筒体圆周方向上的两组磁板，从而在分选筒的周向上产生磁场。其中每组磁板包括两个磁极相互对应的磁板，并且N极和S极间隔布置，所述磁板可以是由永磁体制成的磁板。在其他的实施方式中，在筒体上可以布置更多组的磁板，例如3至10组磁板(图1B中所示为4组)。可以理解的，根据筒体的尺寸，可以在初选机或者精选机上布置适宜数量的磁板，以便在选矿机的筒体的圆周上产生磁场。
磁场发生装置中的磁板也可以是电磁装置。
优选地，在分选筒的出料端设置挡料磁环(未示出)。具体而言，在分选筒的靠近出口的一端设置一个环向的强磁场，用于阻止具有磁性的物质、能够感应出磁性的物质，或者其他能受到磁场影响的物质流出分选筒。该环向强磁场的磁场强度优选地大于4000gs(高斯)，进一步优选地，该磁场的磁场强度大于5000gs。
优选地，在根据本发明的磁场发生装置中，不同磁板组的磁场强度可以是不同的，在选别腔室内产生用于选项矿物的变化磁场。构成磁场发生装置的磁板的磁场强度可以在大约3000gs(高斯)至6000gs之间。优选地，当用于对矿粉进行精细选别时，磁板的磁场强度可以在0至2000gs的范围内。不同强度的磁板可以交替分布或连续分布。
优选地，磁板可以是曲面的，与分选筒的筒壁紧密贴合。
更优选地，所述磁板嵌在分选筒的筒壁中。例如，在分选筒由塑料制成的情况下，磁板可以嵌置在分选筒壁中。
在一个实施方式中，磁场发生装置中的磁板具有与分选筒的外壁相匹配的曲面，布置在分选筒的外壁上并且紧密贴合在分选筒上。通过这样的布置，能够使得磁板在选别腔室中产生的磁场更加强烈，从而能够产生更好的选别效果。
驱动装置240用于驱动分选筒转动。在一个实施方式中，驱动装置包括马达、传动齿轮以及布置在分选筒外周的齿条。可是理解的是，驱 动装置可以是其他任何能够驱动分选筒转动的适宜装置或机构。
在根据本发明的选矿设备中，分选筒的转速可以在5-20转/分钟，优选地在8至15转/分钟。
落料机构270布置在分选腔室上部，可以通过支撑悬架(未示出)自分选筒外部延伸进入分选腔室内。在一个实施方式中，落料机构270包括贴紧分选筒210内壁的刮板271。刮板271抵靠在分选筒的内壁上，从而能够使得贴附在分选筒内壁上的选出矿料离开筒壁，在重力的作用下落入第一接料装置263。
刮板可以由诸如橡胶等的弹性耐磨材料制成，并且可以利用弹簧机构压靠在分选筒内壁上。优选地，刮板包括底座和可替换的刮刀，该刮刀由弹性耐磨材料制成，并且在磨损到一定程度之后可以更换新的刮刀。
优选地，落料机构270还包括布置在刮板271之前的落料棒272。如图1B所示，落料棒272与分选筒210的内壁间隔开一定的距离，并且靠近刮板272布置。落料棒272可以设置成从分选筒的出料口端延伸至进料端，与刮板大致平行，贴近分选筒的内壁并且留有供矿料通过的空隙。
落料棒272可以由具有磁性或者能够感应出磁性的诸如金属材料、碳纤维材料等制成。
在图1B所示的落料机构中，采用的是利用刮板的机械落料方式。
在其他的实施方式中，当磁场发生装置中的磁板是电磁装置的情况下，落料机构可以是电消磁装置。优选地，落料机构包括电消磁装置和刮板。例如，在一个实施方式中，电消磁装置包括能够控制磁场发生装置中的电磁板的磁力的控制模块。当某块电磁体旋转至落料区时，控制模块控制该电磁体的磁场大小并使该电磁体不产生磁场，从而使得选出矿料不再受到磁力的吸引，从而不能贴附在分选筒内壁上而脱落下来。
如图1A和1B所示意性示出的，第一接料装置263可以是布置在落料机构下方的接料槽。优选地，接料槽自分选筒的进料端逐渐向下倾斜，以使得落入槽中的矿物能够在重力的作用下逐渐滑落至出口，进入第一出料口。
当然，也可以利用其它适合的机构或装置来替代上述倾斜的接料槽，例如可以使用刮板式输送机或者螺旋式输送机来作为第一接料装置。
通过利用根据本发明的选矿设备，至少能够实现如下的有益效果：
首先，能够广泛用于缺水的国家和地区，或者缺水的选矿现场。
在申请人的实际试验中，可以把原料中的“非磁性铁”选出来。
可以使沉积变质超贫铁矿Tfe(全铁)在5.6％；mfe(磁性铁)在0.8％时选出高达66％的铁精粉；尾矿砂中Tfe品位仅剩1.1％；而且选矿比小于20:1。
可以选别“世界难题”超贫钒钛磁铁矿尾矿砂。使超贫钒钛磁铁矿尾矿再选铁精粉达到Tfe65％以上，选矿比小于25:1。
可以选别硫酸烧渣中的金属铁；可以高达Tfe85％，远远高于目前中国国内最先进的选矿工艺技术的最高数据63.3％。
可以使铁精粉进一步再提纯，65％左右的铁精粉，通过使用根据本发明的选矿设备，可以达到71.5％。几乎接近四氧化三铁理论值72.4％。
由此可见，根据本发明的选矿设备具有非常好的技术效果。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无水式选矿设备，该设备包括：
    分选筒，所述分选筒为内部中空的滚筒，该滚筒的中心轴线横向布置并且在内部具有供原矿料通过的选别腔室；
    磁场发生装置，所述磁场发生装置围绕分选筒的圆周布置，以产生围绕选别腔室的磁场；
    用于支撑分选筒的机架；
    驱动装置，该驱动装置用于驱动分选筒围绕自身中心轴线转动；以及
    落料机构、供料机构和出料机构；
    其中出料机构包括有用于输送被选出矿物的第一出料口，以及用于输送其余物料的第二出料口，该落料机构布置在分选筒内腔上部，使得被选出物料落入与第一出料口相连的第一接料装置，供料机构用于将矿料供入分选筒的选别腔室。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，所述磁发生装置由若干对的永磁体磁板构成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，所述磁发生装置由若干对的电磁体构成。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，所述分选筒的中心轴线大致水平布置。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，分选筒的中心轴线是倾斜的，所述的分选筒的中心轴线布置成使得出料端稍微低于进料端。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，所述磁场发生装置布置在所述分选筒的整个圆周或者部分圆周上。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6之一所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，所述机架包括用于支撑分选筒的多组辊轮。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6之一所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，所述落料 机构包括贴紧分选筒内壁的刮板，优选地，刮板包括底座和可替换的刮刀。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，所述落料机构还包括布置在所述刮板之前的落料棒，所述落料棒与分选筒的内壁间隔开一定的距离，并且靠近刮板布置。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的选矿设备，其特征在于，所述落料棒设置成从分选筒的出料口端延伸至进料端，与刮板大致平行，贴近分选筒的内壁并且留有供矿料通过的空隙。
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CN114471940A (zh) * 2022-04-18 2022-05-13 徐州速月西机械制造有限公司 一种矿山用筛选设备
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CN114471940B (zh) * 2022-04-18 2022-06-21 徐州速月西机械制造有限公司 一种矿山用筛选设备

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