WO2016184146A1 - 樟芝孢子油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

樟芝孢子油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2016184146A1
WO2016184146A1 PCT/CN2016/070817 CN2016070817W WO2016184146A1 WO 2016184146 A1 WO2016184146 A1 WO 2016184146A1 CN 2016070817 W CN2016070817 W CN 2016070817W WO 2016184146 A1 WO2016184146 A1 WO 2016184146A1
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extraction
spore oil
separation
pressure
spore
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PCT/CN2016/070817
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French (fr)
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赵宗杰
谢海涛
张向阳
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深圳市仁泰生物科技有限公司
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Priority to CN201680002282.6A priority Critical patent/CN107172882A/zh
Publication of WO2016184146A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016184146A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A24F47/008—
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
    • A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an organic material refining method, in particular to a simple preparation method, and has high yield and high activity of anthraquinone spore oil.
  • Antrodia Cinnamomea also known as Antrodia camphorata
  • Antrodia camphorata is a medicinal fungus with high medicinal value.
  • 'Xiqi Medicine' in Taiwan, 500 years ago, indigenous people used it to detoxify, hangover and protect the liver, which was later promoted and used by the majority of Taiwan residents.
  • Yan Zhi is known as the 'King of Medicine', 'King of Cancer', 'King of Detoxification', 'King of Anti-Inflammation' and so on.
  • Antrodia spp. is a sexual germ cell of Antrodia camphorata. It has all the genetically active substances of Antrodia camphorata, and its active ingredient content is more than 75 times higher than that of Antrodia camphorata.
  • Anthraquinone spore oil is extracted from the spores of Antrodia camphorata, which accounts for 15%-34% of the total mass of Antrodia camphorata. It is rich in compounds such as triterpenoids, unsaturated fatty acids and polysaccharides, and thus has a wider range of physiological activities. .
  • the yield of the anthraquinone spore oil extracted by the conventional method has been less than 10%.
  • one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a simple method, Anzhi Preparation method of anthraquinone spore oil with high spore oil yield and high activity.
  • the invention is achieved by the following technical measures, a preparation method of an anthraquinone spore oil, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Broken wall: The asexual spores of Antrodia camphorata were frozen at minus 20 °C for 60 minutes, and the frozen asexual spores of Antrodia camphorata were dehydrated and puffed in a variable temperature and pressure differential expansion equipment, and the anthocyanin was dehydrated and puffed at a volume ratio of 2:1. Dry ice particles having a particle diameter of less than 50 ⁇ m were added to the asexual spores, and the mixed powder particles were pulverized by a high-energy nano-impact mill for 3 hours;
  • Step 2 Extraction: 1 part by weight of the asexual spore powder after breaking the wall is charged into the extraction vessel of the supercritical CO 2 extraction device, and 4-8 parts by weight of absolute ethanol is added as an entraining agent to be extracted at 20 ° C to 60 ° C.
  • the extraction pressure of the extraction kettle is 10 MPa to 35 MPa, the flow rate of CO 2 is 10 to 40 L/h, the extraction time is 1-1.5 hours, and the separation is carried out into the separation vessel for separation.
  • the pressure in the separation reactor I is 5MP-25MP, and the temperature is 20 °C. ⁇ 30°C; the pressure in the separation tank II is 7MP ⁇ 15MP, and the temperature is 20°C ⁇ 50°C;
  • Step 3 Concentration: The separated mixture of the anthraquinone spore oil and the entrainer is evaporated to dry ethanol at 80-90 ° C to obtain an anthraquinone spore oil.
  • the asexual spores of Antrodia camphorata are cultured by inoculating the mycelium or spores of Antrodia camphorata into agar plate medium; and then the part of the agar plate medium having the mycelium is cut and accessed.
  • the sporulation medium was cultured in stages and the asexual spores were obtained.
  • the mass ratio of the pellet to the asexual spore powder in the high energy nano impact mill in step 1 is 6-12:1.
  • the pellet is cerium oxide.
  • the temperature of the extraction in step 2 is from 40 ° C to 50 ° C.
  • the CO 2 flow rate in step 2 is 22 to 32 L/h.
  • the extraction pressure of the extraction vessel in step 2 is 15 MPa.
  • Another object of the present invention is to protect an anthraquinone spore oil prepared by the above method.
  • the asexual spores of the present invention are subjected to temperature-variation and pressure-expansion treatment after freezing, and combined with CO 2 extraction and extraction, the high-activity anthraquinone spore oil can be obtained, and the yield of the anthraquinone spore oil is 40-45% on average.
  • the spore oil yield is up to 48%, which is much higher than the traditional 30% yield.
  • the invention has the advantages of environmental friendliness, safe operation, no harmful residue, high product quality, golden yellow translucent and high biological activity.
  • a preparation method of an anthraquinone spore oil comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Broken wall: The asexual spores of Antrodia camphorata were frozen at minus 20 °C for 60 minutes, and the frozen asexual spores of Antrodia camphorata were dehydrated and puffed in a variable temperature and pressure differential expansion equipment, and the anthocyanin was dehydrated and puffed at a volume ratio of 2:1. Dry ice particles having a particle diameter of less than 50 ⁇ m were added to the asexual spores, and the mixed powder particles were pulverized by a high-energy nano-impact mill for 3 hours;
  • Step 2 Extraction: 1 part by weight of the asexual spore powder after breaking the wall is charged into the extraction vessel of the supercritical CO 2 extraction device, and 4-8 parts by weight of absolute ethanol is added as an entraining agent to be extracted at 20 ° C to 60 ° C.
  • the extraction pressure of the extraction kettle is 10 MPa to 35 MPa, the flow rate of CO 2 is 10 to 40 L/h, the extraction time is 1-1.5 hours, and the separation is carried out into the separation vessel for separation.
  • the pressure in the separation reactor I is 5MP-25MP, and the temperature is 20 °C. ⁇ 30°C; the pressure in the separation tank II is 7MP ⁇ 15MP, and the temperature is 20°C ⁇ 50°C;
  • Step 3 Concentration: The separated mixture of the anthraquinone spore oil and the entrainer is evaporated to dry ethanol at 80-90 ° C to obtain an anthraquinone spore oil.
  • the method of the asexual spores of Antrodia camphorata is subjected to temperature-variation and pressure-expansion treatment after freezing, and combined with CO 2 extraction, the high-activity anthraquinone spore oil can be obtained, and the yield of the anthraquinone spore oil is 40-45% on average.
  • the spore oil yield is up to 48%, which is much higher than the traditional 30% yield.
  • the method has the advantages of environmental friendliness, safe operation, no harmful residue, high product quality, golden yellow translucent and high biological activity.
  • the specific technical solution may also be based on the foregoing technical solution.
  • the asexual spores of Antrodia camphorata are cultured by inoculating the mycelium or spores of Antrodia camphorata into agar plate medium; then the part of the agar plate medium with the mycelium is cut and inserted into the sporulation medium, and staged. Cultured in variable temperature, the asexual spores of A.
  • camphorata the weight percentage of each substance in agar plate medium: 2% corn starch, 1% malt extract, 0.1% peptone, 0.01% eucalyptus oil and 1.5% agar powder, the balance is water
  • the weight percentage of each component in the sporulation medium is: 1-2% corn starch, 2-4% bran, 0.1-1% malt extract, 0.1-1% peptone, 0.05-0.2% glucose, balance For water.
  • the staged temperature change culture includes the following three stages:
  • the culture obtained in the first stage is further cultured at 12-17 ° C for 6-8 hours;
  • the culture obtained in the second stage is placed at 24-35 ° C and allowed to stand for 6-8 hours.
  • the specific technical solution may also be based on the foregoing technical solution.
  • the mass ratio of the ball to the asexual spore powder in the high energy nano impact mill in step 1 is 6-12:1.
  • the ball material may be cerium oxide.
  • the temperature of the extraction in step 2 is from 40 ° C to 50 ° C.
  • the CO 2 flow rate in the step 2 is 22 to 32 L/h.
  • the extraction pressure of the extraction vessel in step 2 was 15 MPa.
  • the anthraquinone spore oil and tap water are used as daily drinking water, and the rats are served for a long time in turn, and a total of 20 mice are used.
  • the weight of the mice was weighed daily during the feeding period, and no abnormal body weight was found.
  • the blood was detected, and the blood protein, platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells were all normal. After three months of dissection, it was found that there were no abnormalities and lesions in various organs and tissues of the mice. It can be seen that the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil is safe and reliable and can be eaten for a long time.
  • Rabbit feeding The rabbits were kept in rabbits for 5 days, and the rabbits were adapted to the rabbit breeding environment, and the natural mortality rate was less than 5% for experiments. Feed the special feed once a day during the feeding process.

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Abstract

一种樟芝孢子油及其制备方法，制备方法为：步骤1.破壁：将樟芝无性孢子冷冻在变温压差膨化设备进行脱水膨化，再加入干冰颗粒，采用高能纳米冲击磨对混合的粉粒进行粉碎；步骤2.萃取：取破壁后的无性孢子粉装入超临界CO2萃取装置的萃取釜中，加入夹带剂在20℃～60℃下萃取，萃取釜的萃取压力为10MPa～35MPa，CO2流量为10～40L/h；萃取时间为1-1.5小时，萃取之后进入分离釜进行分离，分离釜I内压力为5MP～25MP，温度为20℃～30℃；分离釜II内压力为7MP～15MP，温度为20℃～50℃；步骤3.浓缩：将分离后的樟芝孢子油与夹带剂混合液挥发干乙醇即得樟芝孢子油。其制备方法简单，樟芝孢子油得率高、活性高。

Description

樟芝孢子油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及 有机物提练方法 ，尤其是涉及 一种 制备 方法简单， 樟芝 孢子油得率高、活性高 的樟芝孢子油及其制备方法 。
背景技术
樟芝（Antrodia Cinnamomea），又名牛樟芝，是一种药用价值极高的药用真菌。在500年前中国台湾的'瘴气医学'时代，土著居民就用以解毒、解酒和护肝，其后被广大台湾居民所推崇和使用。在台湾，樟芝被誉为'药王'、'抗癌之王'、'解毒之王'、'抗炎之王'等。现代研究和临床实践表明，樟芝特含的多糖、三萜类、固醇类及抗氧化物质等生理活性成分，具有保肝、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、强化免疫、抗过敏、抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒等功效，因此近年来成为研究和开发的热点。樟芝孢子是樟芝的有性生殖细胞，具有樟芝的全部遗传活性物质，其有效成分含量高出樟芝75倍以上。樟芝孢子油是从樟芝孢子中萃取得到的，占樟芝孢子总质量的15％--34％，含有丰富的三萜类、不饱和脂肪酸和多糖等化合物，因而具有更加广泛的生理活性。但传统的方法提取的樟芝孢子油的得率一直低于10%。
发明内容
为了充分利用 樟芝 孢子中的有效成分，提高 樟芝 孢子油的得率，本发明目的之一在于提供一种方法简单， 樟芝 孢子油得率高、活性高的 樟芝孢子油的制备方法 。
本发明通过以下技术措施实现的，一种樟芝孢子油的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
步骤1.破壁：将樟芝无性孢子在零下20℃冷冻60钟，将冷冻后的樟芝无性孢子在变温压差膨化设备进行脱水膨化，以体积比2：1向脱水膨化后的樟芝无性孢子中加入粒径小于50μm的干冰颗粒，并采用高能纳米冲击磨对混合的粉粒进行粉碎3小时；
步骤2.萃取：取1重量份破壁后的无性孢子粉装入超临界CO 2 萃取装置的萃取釜中，加入4-8重量份无水乙醇作为夹带剂在20℃～60℃下萃取，萃取釜的萃取压力为10MPa～35MPa，CO 2 流量为 10～40L/h ；萃取时间为1-1.5小时，萃取之后进入分离釜进行分离，分离釜I内压力为5MP～25MP，温度为20℃～30℃；分离釜II内压力为7MP～15MP，温度为20℃～50℃；
步骤3.浓缩：将分离后的樟芝孢子油与夹带剂混合液在80-90℃下挥发干乙醇即得樟芝孢子油。
作为一种优选方式，所述樟芝无性孢子是通过将樟芝的菌丝体或孢子接种到琼脂平板培养基培养；再将琼脂平板培养基上长有菌丝体的部分切下，接入产孢子培养基，分阶段变温培养，得樟芝无性孢子。
作为一种优选方式，在步骤1中所述高能纳米冲击磨中的球料与无性孢子粉质量比为6-12：1。
作为一种优选方式，所述球料为二氧化锫。
作为一种优选方式，在步骤2中所述萃取的温度为40℃～50℃。
作为一种优选方式，在步骤2中所述CO 2 流量为22～32L/h。
作为一种优选方式，在步骤2中所述萃取釜的萃取压力为15MPa。
本发明的另一目的是保护利用上述方法所制备的樟芝孢子油。
本发明的樟芝无性孢子经冷冻后再进行变温压差膨化处理，结合CO 2 萃取提取能得到的高活性的樟芝孢子油，樟芝孢子油的得率平均为40-45%，樟芝孢子油得率最高达到48%，远高于传统的30%以下得率的方法。本发明具有环境友好、操作安全、不存在有害物残留、产品品质高、成金黄色半透明，生物活性高。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例并对照试验例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
一种樟芝孢子油的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
步骤1.破壁：将樟芝无性孢子在零下20℃冷冻60钟，将冷冻后的樟芝无性孢子在变温压差膨化设备进行脱水膨化，以体积比2：1向脱水膨化后的樟芝无性孢子中加入粒径小于50μm的干冰颗粒，并采用高能纳米冲击磨对混合的粉粒进行粉碎3小时；
步骤2.萃取：取1重量份破壁后的无性孢子粉装入超临界CO 2 萃取装置的萃取釜中，加入4-8重量份无水乙醇作为夹带剂在20℃～60℃下萃取，萃取釜的萃取压力为10MPa～35MPa，CO 2 流量为 10～40L/h ；萃取时间为1-1.5小时，萃取之后进入分离釜进行分离，分离釜I内压力为5MP～25MP，温度为20℃～30℃；分离釜II内压力为7MP～15MP，温度为20℃～50℃；
步骤3.浓缩：将分离后的樟芝孢子油与夹带剂混合液在80-90℃下挥发干乙醇即得樟芝孢子油。
本方法的樟芝无性孢子经冷冻后再进行变温压差膨化处理，结合CO 2 萃取提取能得到的高活性的樟芝孢子油，樟芝孢子油的得率平均为40-45%，樟芝孢子油得率最高达到48%，远高于传统的30%以下得率的方法。本方法具有环境友好、操作安全、不存在有害物残留、产品品质高、成金黄色半透明，生物活性高。
在一 樟芝孢子油的制备方法 的实施例中，在前面技术方案的基础上具体还可以是 ，樟芝无性孢子是通过将樟芝的菌丝体或孢子接种到琼脂平板培养基培养；再将琼脂平板培养基上长有菌丝体的部分切下，接入产孢子培养基，分阶段变温培养，得樟芝无性孢子；琼脂平板培养基中各物质的重量百分比为：2％玉米淀粉、1％麦芽浸膏、0.1％蛋白胨、0.01％樟树精油和1.5％琼脂粉，余量为水；产孢子培养基中各组分的重量百分比为：1-2％玉米淀粉、2-4％麸皮、0.1-1％麦芽浸膏、0.1-1％蛋白胨、0.05-0.2％葡萄糖，余量为水。
分阶段变温培养包括如下三个阶段：
第一阶段，在 25-28℃下培养 60-72 小时；
第二阶段，将第一阶段所得培养物在 12-17℃下继续培养 6-8 小时；
第三阶段，将第二阶段所得培养物置于 24-35℃下，静置 6-8 小时。
在一 樟芝孢子油的制备方法 的实施例中，在前面技术方案的基础上具体还可以是 ，在步骤1中所述高能纳米冲击磨中的球料与无性孢子粉质量比为6-12：1。
在一 樟芝孢子油的制备方法 的实施例中，在前面技术方案的基础上具体还可以是， 球料为二氧化锫。
在一 樟芝孢子油的制备方法 的实施例中，在前面技术方案的基础上具体还可以是， 在步骤2中所述萃取的温度为40℃～50℃。
在一 樟芝孢子油的制备方法 的实施例中，在前面技术方案的基础上具体还可以是， 在步骤2中所述CO 2 流量为22～32L/h。
在一 樟芝孢子油的制备方法 的实施例中，在前面技术方案的基础上具体还可以是， 在步骤2中所述萃取釜的萃取压力为15MPa。
试验例1：
将樟芝孢子油和自来水作为日常饮用水，轮流长期供给小白鼠饮用，小白鼠一共20只。饲养期间每天称量小白鼠的重量，未发现体重异常。检测血液，血蛋白、血小板、红细胞、白细胞数均正常。三个月后解剖，发现小鼠各器官和组织均无异常和病变。由此可见，该樟芝孢子油安全可靠，可长期食用。
试验例2：
1 实验材料:
1.1 实验用兔：新鲜有活力的小白兔；
1.2 实验供样：樟芝孢子油；
1.3 养兔用具：养兔室、养兔饲料；
2 实验方法:
2.1 兔喂养：将小白兔在养兔内饲养5天，使兔适应养兔养殖环境，并且自然死亡率低于5%时用于实验。饲养过程中每日定时喂食专用饲料1次。
2.2 兔中毒症状：实验兔体温变冷为中毒死亡。
2.3 兔死亡鉴定：实验兔停止呼吸，用玻璃棒刺激兔体无反应即可确定为死亡。
3 实验步骤：
准备二间一模一样的养兔室，实验组的饲料中加入10‰的樟芝孢子油，对照组的饲料不做任何处理，随机挑选60只大小相似的兔体，随机放入二间养兔室中，每间养兔室30只。在正常条件下饲养3天后。取饲料加入30 μ l/L 浓度的甲维盐 · 氯氰，搅拌均匀，平均匀分为二份。分别喂食给上述二间养兔室中的2组兔，开始计时，观察现象，记录兔死亡时间。
4 实验结果和结论：兔死亡时间的数据统计见下表。
对照组和实验组兔半数死亡和全数死亡时间
兔半数死亡时间 兔全数死亡时间
实验组 32 小时 46 小时
对照组 18 小时 27 小时
实验表结果显示，用樟芝孢子油喂养48h的兔出现死亡的时间均显著延长。半数死亡时间延长62%。全数出现中毒现象的时间延长87%，全数出现死亡的时间延长50%。因此，实验表明樟芝孢子油具有很好的解毒功效。
以上是对本发明樟芝孢子油 及其制备方法 进行了阐述，用于帮助理解本发明， 但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，任何未背离本发明原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种樟芝孢子油的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
    步骤1.破壁：将樟芝无性孢子在零下20℃冷冻60钟，将冷冻后的樟芝无性孢子在变温压差膨化设备进行脱水膨化，以体积比2：1向脱水膨化后的樟芝无性孢子中加入粒径小于50μm的干冰颗粒，并采用高能纳米冲击磨对混合的粉粒进行粉碎3小时；
    步骤2.萃取：取1重量份破壁后的无性孢子粉装入超临界CO 2 萃取装置的萃取釜中，加入4-8重量份无水乙醇作为夹带剂在20℃～60℃下萃取，萃取釜的萃取压力为10MPa～35MPa，CO 2 流量为 10～40L/h ；萃取时间为1-1.5小时，萃取之后进入分离釜进行分离，分离釜I内压力为5MP～25MP，温度为20℃～30℃；分离釜II内压力为7MP～15MP，温度为20℃～50℃；
    步骤3.浓缩：将分离后的樟芝孢子油与夹带剂混合液在80-90℃下挥发干乙醇即得樟芝孢子油。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述樟芝无性孢子是通过将樟芝的菌丝体或孢子接种到琼脂平板培养基培养；再将琼脂平板培养基上长有菌丝体的部分切下，接入产孢子培养基，分阶段变温培养，得樟芝无性孢子。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤1中所述高能纳米冲击磨中的球料与无性孢子粉质量比为6-12：1。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述球料为二氧化锫。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤2中所述萃取的温度为40℃～50℃。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤2中所述CO 2 流量为22～32L/h。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤2中所述萃取釜的萃取压力为15MPa。
  8. 一种根据权利要求1-7任一方法所制备的樟芝孢子油。
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