WO2016183809A1 - 奈必洛尔的合成方法及其中间体化合物 - Google Patents
奈必洛尔的合成方法及其中间体化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016183809A1 WO2016183809A1 PCT/CN2015/079329 CN2015079329W WO2016183809A1 WO 2016183809 A1 WO2016183809 A1 WO 2016183809A1 CN 2015079329 W CN2015079329 W CN 2015079329W WO 2016183809 A1 WO2016183809 A1 WO 2016183809A1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 290
- 229960000619 nebivolol Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- KOHIRBRYDXPAMZ-YHBROIRLSA-N (S,R,R,R)-nebivolol Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(F)=CC=C2O[C@H]1[C@H](O)CNC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC2=CC=C(F)C=C2CC1 KOHIRBRYDXPAMZ-YHBROIRLSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 198
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 172
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 157
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical group CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 125
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 122
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 121
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 110
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 107
- -1 silyl-prop-2-yn-1-yl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 105
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 52
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- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 29
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 28
- YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000005059 halophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005694 sulfonylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003461 sulfonyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal Natural products COC(C)OC SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- UWHPUMRASBVSQY-FUHWJXTLSA-N (1s)-2-(benzylamino)-1-[(2r)-6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-2-yl]ethanol Chemical compound C([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OC2=CC=C(F)C=C2CC1)NCC1=CC=CC=C1 UWHPUMRASBVSQY-FUHWJXTLSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- WPHUUIODWRNJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(Cl)(=O)=O WPHUUIODWRNJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- JXRGUPLJCCDGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 JXRGUPLJCCDGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003880 polar aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- UWHPUMRASBVSQY-AEFFLSMTSA-N (1r)-2-(benzylamino)-1-[(2s)-6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-2-yl]ethanol Chemical compound C([C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC2=CC=C(F)C=C2CC1)NCC1=CC=CC=C1 UWHPUMRASBVSQY-AEFFLSMTSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GSDSWSVVBLHKDQ-JTQLQIEISA-N Levofloxacin Chemical compound C([C@@H](N1C2=C(C(C(C(O)=O)=C1)=O)C=C1F)C)OC2=C1N1CCN(C)CC1 GSDSWSVVBLHKDQ-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003376 levofloxacin Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006103 sulfonylation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- GCGMAEKAEXMJNG-KOLCDFICSA-N (1r)-1-[(2s)-6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-2-yl]ethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2O[C@H]([C@H](O)CO)CCC2=C1 GCGMAEKAEXMJNG-KOLCDFICSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FSJSYDFBTIVUFD-XHTSQIMGSA-N (e)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;oxovanadium Chemical compound [V]=O.C\C(O)=C/C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C/C(C)=O FSJSYDFBTIVUFD-XHTSQIMGSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XYPISWUKQGWYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C(F)(F)F XYPISWUKQGWYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010082 LiAlH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynenickel Chemical compound [Ni]#B QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FFHWGQQFANVOHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldioxirane Chemical compound CC1(C)OO1 FFHWGQQFANVOHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004967 organic peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GCGMAEKAEXMJNG-MWLCHTKSSA-N (1r)-1-[(2r)-6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-2-yl]ethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2O[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)CCC2=C1 GCGMAEKAEXMJNG-MWLCHTKSSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012359 Methanesulfonyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CSKNSYBAZOQPLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CSKNSYBAZOQPLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000440 benzylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- FMCAFXHLMUOIGG-JTJHWIPRSA-N (2s)-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2r)-2-formamido-3-sulfanylpropanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid Chemical compound O=CN[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(O)=O)CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C=C1C FMCAFXHLMUOIGG-JTJHWIPRSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004454 (C1-C6) alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- UUVHDTFFZFNUSR-QHHAFSJGSA-N (E)-5-(5-fluoro-2-phenylmethoxyphenyl)pent-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC1=C(C=C(C=C1)F)CC/C=C/CO UUVHDTFFZFNUSR-QHHAFSJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001586 (Z)-pent-2-en-1-ol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- UWHPUMRASBVSQY-WMZOPIPTSA-N O[C@@H](CNCc1ccccc1)[C@H](CC1)Oc(cc2)c1cc2F Chemical compound O[C@@H](CNCc1ccccc1)[C@H](CC1)Oc(cc2)c1cc2F UWHPUMRASBVSQY-WMZOPIPTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOHIRBRYDXPAMZ-GMQQQROESA-N O[C@H](CNC[C@@H]([C@@H](CCc1c2)Oc1ccc2F)O)[C@@H](CCc1c2)Oc1ccc2F Chemical compound O[C@H](CNC[C@@H]([C@@H](CCc1c2)Oc1ccc2F)O)[C@@H](CCc1c2)Oc1ccc2F KOHIRBRYDXPAMZ-GMQQQROESA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOHIRBRYDXPAMZ-UDKICSLYSA-N O[C@H](CNC[C@@H]([C@H](CCc1c2)Oc1ccc2F)O)[C@H](CC1)Oc(cc2)c1cc2F Chemical compound O[C@H](CNC[C@@H]([C@H](CCc1c2)Oc1ccc2F)O)[C@H](CC1)Oc(cc2)c1cc2F KOHIRBRYDXPAMZ-UDKICSLYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000016966 beta-2 Adrenergic Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010014499 beta-2 Adrenergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZZBCNXVZFAIQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bms-986260 Chemical compound ClC=1C=C(C=CC=1F)C=1N=CN(C=1C=1C=CC=2N(N=1)C(=CN=2)C#N)CCO VZZBCNXVZFAIQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- VZWXIQHBIQLMPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCOC2=C1 VZWXIQHBIQLMPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UXGNZZKBCMGWAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylformamide dmf Chemical compound CN(C)C=O.CN(C)C=O UXGNZZKBCMGWAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002889 endothelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)N=NC(=O)OCC FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[H][H] XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WOOWBQQQJXZGIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-propan-2-ylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C.CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C WOOWBQQQJXZGIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 210000002460 smooth muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000016160 smooth muscle contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran thf Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1 WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- DCGLONGLPGISNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-1-ynyl)silane Chemical compound CC#C[Si](C)(C)C DCGLONGLPGISNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000025102 vascular smooth muscle contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000304 vasodilatating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/76—Benzo[c]pyrans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
- A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/08—Vasodilators for multiple indications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/20—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/22—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by introduction of halogens; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/20—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C43/225—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/20—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C43/23—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/257—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C43/295—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/14—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with organic peracids, or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/19—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with organic hydroperoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/12—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms
- C07D303/18—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms by etherified hydroxyl radicals
- C07D303/20—Ethers with hydroxy compounds containing no oxirane rings
- C07D303/22—Ethers with hydroxy compounds containing no oxirane rings with monohydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/36—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/58—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for synthesizing a drug and an intermediate compound thereof, and more particularly to a method for synthesizing nebivolol, an intermediate compound thereof, and a method for producing the intermediate compound.
- Nebivolol hydrochloride chemical name (+/-)-bis[2-(6-fluorochroman-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethyl]amine (formula I) hydrochloride, It is a highly selective third-generation beta blocker with vasodilatation developed by Johnson, which is mainly used to treat mild to moderate hypertension, angina pectoris and congestive heart failure.
- the clinically applicable nebivolol hydrochloride is a mixture of equal amounts of the dextrorotatory isomer (formula Ia) and the levorotatory isomer (formula Ib), ie its racemate (formula I).
- the beta blockade of nebivolol hydrochloride is mainly from the dextrorotatory isomer, but other effects depend on the coexistence of the levorotatory and dextro isomers.
- I(S*R*R*R*) represents a racemate, which is an equimolar configuration of the right-handed nebivolol Ia (SRRR) and its enantiomer L-Nexirolol Ib a racemic mixture of (RSSS);
- nebivolol Both the levorotatory and dextro isomers of nebivolol have important biological activities. L-isomers have endothelial cell-dependent vasodilatation, while dextro-isomers have strong ⁇ 1 receptor blockade. .
- Currently used clinically is a mixture of levorotatory and dextrorotatory isomers, making the two isomers
- the synergistic interactions ensure that nebivolol has a unique advantage in addition to the above-mentioned beta blockers: antagonizing the ⁇ 1 receptor by enhancing the release of NO and thereby vasodilating. Does not affect the ⁇ 2 receptor, does not cause bronchial smooth muscle and vascular smooth muscle contraction.
- Nebolol contains four chiral carbon atoms in the molecular structure, and its labeling is shown below.
- the isomer S*R*R*R* is a clinically applied nebivolol, which is expressed as containing the same amount.
- the absolute configuration is a racemic mixture of the SRRR (right-handed) and RSSS (left-handed) enantiomers.
- nebivolol The structural characteristics of nebivolol are certain symmetry. There are one (6-fluoro-benzopyranyl)ethane-2-ol structural units with different configurations on the left and right sides of the molecule, and the left side (A Part of the hydroxyl group is cis with the oxygen on the pyran ring, and the right side (part B) is trans, and the middle is connected by a nitrogen atom.
- nebivolol is basically based on the symmetry of its molecules, the A and B parts are separately synthesized, and then coupled with benzylamine, separated and purified and deprotected.
- the existing preparation methods of nebivolol mainly include the following:
- the intermediate obtained by coupling two fragments having the relative configurations required for A and B contains two pairs of diastereomers, which are required to be separated by recrystallization to obtain an intermediate of the desired configuration:
- Janssen's patent EP 145 067 discloses a synthesis method which is characterized in that a chroman and an iodotrimethyloxysulfide salt give a pair of unequal amounts of diastereomers under the action of sodium hydrogen.
- M A (S*R*) and M B (R*R*) epoxidation intermediates, epoxy intermediates M A (S*R*) and M B (R*R*) can be separated by chromatography.
- the reaction is as follows:
- the main problem of the method is that the key intermediate needs to be separated by chromatography and is applied to a large-scale production cost, and the epoxy is prepared from an unstable color aldehyde.
- the reaction conditions of the compound are harsh, the yield is low, and the reagent is expensive.
- the method comprises the reaction of racemic color aldehyde with sodium hydrogen sulfite and sodium cyanide to obtain a nitrile alcohol intermediate, and then separating by column chromatography to obtain a pair of diastereomers of cis and trans nitrile.
- the cis-nitrile alcohol intermediate is subjected to acetylation, catalytically hydrogenated to the corresponding aldehyde, and then hydrolyzed to obtain the corresponding aldol intermediate.
- trans-nitrile alcohol intermediate is then catalytically hydrogenated to the corresponding alcohol amine, and then reacted with benzoyl chloride to obtain an amide, followed by reduction to give a benzylamine intermediate, and finally condensed with an aldol intermediate to obtain a pair of diastereomeric
- the crude material of the conformation (four isomers) of nebivolol, which was then salted with hydrochloric acid and then recrystallized several times with ethanol to remove the other pair of isomers gave racemic nebivolol.
- Patent EP0334429 and US6545040 after dissolving the color acid, the corresponding S-color full acid and R-color full acid are obtained, and the left-handed nebitropol is synthesized by the following steps;
- Patent CN1834093A and CN1978442 are synthesized from acetone glyceraldehyde as raw material: D-acetone glyceraldehyde and 5-fluoro-2-hydroxyacetophenone are subjected to Kabbe condensation reaction and separated by column chromatography. To two color diol (S, R) and (R, R) isomers
- alkyl denotes a straight or branched monovalent saturated hydrocarbon group consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
- C 1-6 alkyl means a branched or straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl Base, n-hexyl.
- alkylene denotes a straight or branched divalent saturated hydrocarbon group consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
- C 1-6 alkylene group means a branched or linear alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as a methylene group, an ethylene group or the like.
- alkoxy denotes a group R A -O-, wherein R A is alkyl as defined above.
- C 1-6 alkoxy means a group R A -O-, wherein R A is a C 1-6 alkyl group as described above.
- Halogen means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
- Haloalkyl means an alkyl group, as defined above, substituted by one or more halogens, such as trifluoromethyl.
- Niro means -NO 2 .
- Aryl means a monocyclic or fused bicyclic aromatic ring containing a carbon atom.
- C 5-10 aryl means an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the C 5-10 aryl group can be phenyl or naphthyl.
- Substituted aryl refers to an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen, a haloalkyl group, and a nitro group as described above.
- Alkyl means an alkyl group as described above substituted with an aryl group as described above.
- Substituted aralkyl refers to an aralkyl group substituted with an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen, a haloalkyl group, and a nitro group as described above.
- Alkoxy refers to an alkoxy group as described above which is substituted with an aryl group as described above.
- substituted aralkyloxy group means an aralkyloxy group substituted with an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen, or a halogenated alkyl group as described above.
- the invention provides a method of preparing a compound of formula III
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting groups such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, allyl, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, for example p-methoxyphenyl or halogen Phenyl group,
- the method includes the following steps:
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are each independently selected from alkyl or aryl, such as methyl, tert-butyl or phenyl;
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane, petroleum ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether or any two of the compounds of formula III obtained in step c) Or a mixture of two or more kinds, stirred at a low temperature, for example, stirred at 0 to -20 ° C, crystallized, and filtered to obtain a solid of the compound of the formula III
- the reaction of step a is carried out in an organic aprotic solvent such as methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or toluene at a reaction temperature of from -100 ° C to 60 ° °C.
- organic aprotic solvent such as methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or toluene
- the reaction of step b is carried out in the presence of a base, an acid or a fluorine-containing salt, preferably in the presence of a base selected from the group consisting of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates.
- a base selected from the group consisting of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates.
- the solvent used for the reaction is selected from a protic solvent such as water, methanol, ethanol or a mixture of any two or more thereof, and the reaction temperature is -100 ° C to 80 ° C.
- the base described in step c is selected from a metal hydride or an organic base such as NaNH 2 or KNH 2
- the organometallic reagent is selected from the group consisting of BuLi, t-BuLi, s-BuLi, LDA or Grignard reagent, such as MeMgX, EtMgX, BuMgX, i-PrMgX, wherein X is Br, I or Cl
- the reaction solvent used is an organic aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, methyl, dioxane Ethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, toluene or a mixture of any two or more thereof
- the reaction temperature is -100 ° C to 100 ° C.
- the organic solvent in step d is an organic aprotic solvent such as n-heptane, n-hexane, petroleum ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or any two or A mixture of two or more.
- step a the reaction of step a is carried out in an organic aprotic solvent such as methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or toluene;
- organic aprotic solvent such as methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or toluene;
- step b is carried out in the presence of a base, an acid or a fluorine-containing salt, preferably in the presence of a base selected from the group consisting of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates, such as NaOH, KOH, Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 , the solvent used for the reaction is selected from a protic solvent such as water, methanol, ethanol or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
- the base described in the step c is selected from a metal hydride or an organic base such as NaNH 2 or KNH 2
- the organometallic reagent is selected from the group consisting of BuLi, t-BuLi, s-BuLi, LDA or Grignard reagent, such as MeMgX, EtMgX, BuMgX, i-PrMgX, wherein X is Br, I or Cl
- the reaction solvent used is an organic aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl group Alkyl ether, toluene or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
- reaction product obtained in any of the steps a) to c) or d) can be directly used as a starting material to carry out the subsequent reaction to prepare the compound III.
- compound III of the formula (XV) can be used as a starting material and the steps b) to c) or d) as described above can be used to prepare the compound III, or the compound of the formula (XVI) can be used as a raw material and the step c as described above can be carried out. Or d) to prepare compound III.
- the invention provides a compound of formula III,
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting groups such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, allyl, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, for example p-methoxyphenyl or halogen Substituted phenyl.
- the present invention provides a process for the preparation of racemic nebivolol of formula I,
- I(S*R*R*R*) represents a racemate which is an equimolar configuration of the right-handed nebivolol Ia (SRRR) and its enantiomer L-Nexirolol a racemic mixture of Ib (RSSS);
- the method includes the following steps:
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane, petroleum ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether or any two or two thereof
- stirring at a low temperature for example, stirring at 0 to -20 ° C, crystallizing, and filtering to obtain a solid of the compound of the formula IV1,
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting groups such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl,
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane, petroleum ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether or any two or two thereof
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane, petroleum ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether or any two or two thereof
- compound V is a racemate and contains an equal amount of a racemic mixture of the formula Va and its enantiomer Vb, the relative configuration of which is represented by V(2R*, 3R*)
- compound VI is a racemate and is a racemic mixture containing an equivalent amount of formula VIa and its enantiomer VIb, the relative configuration of which is represented by VI(2R*, 3S*)
- VII(S*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula VIIa (S/R) and its enantiomer VIIb (R/S),
- VIII(R*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula VIIIa (R/R) and its enantiomer VIIIb (S/S),
- IX(S*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula IXa (S/R) and its enantiomer IXb (R/S),
- X(R*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula Xa (R/R) and its enantiomer Xb (S/S),
- XI(S*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula XIa (S/R) and its enantiomer XIb (R/S),
- XII(R*/R*) is a racemate and is an isomeric mixture of the formula XIIa (R/R) and its enantiomer XIIb (S/S).
- XIII(S*R*R*R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula XIIIa (SRRR) and its enantiomer XIIIb (RSSS),
- XIII'(S*R*S*S*) is a racemate containing an equivalent amount of a racemic mixture of the formula XIII'a (SRSS) and its enantiomer XIII'b (RSRR),
- I(S*R*R*R*) is a racemate containing an equivalent amount of formula Ia (SRRR) and its enantiomer Racemic mixture of bulk Ib (RSSS).
- the metal complex hydride reducing agent used in the step 1) is LiAlH 4 or sodium dihydrobis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminate
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent.
- tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, toluene or a mixture of any two or more thereof and the reaction temperature is -100 ° C to 60 ° C.
- the catalyst used in the selective catalytic hydrogenation reduction is selected from the group consisting of Lindlar catalysts or P-2 type nickel boride/ethylenediamine catalysts.
- the epoxidation reaction of the trans compound IV1 and the cis compound IV2 may be carried out by an epoxidation method generally used in the art, for example, an epoxidizing agent which may be used is selected, for example.
- An organic peroxyacid such as MCPBA, trifluoroperacetic acid, dimethyl ketone (DMDO), a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, and a mixture of VO(acac) 2 and peroxybutanol, and a catalytic amount of A A pyridine-H 2 O 2 system in the presence of ruthenium trioxide (MTO).
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, toluene or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
- the temperature is -50 ° C to 50 ° C.
- a hydroxy protecting group may be removed by a method commonly used in the field of organic chemistry, for example, a hydrogenolysis reaction in the presence of a catalyst to remove a benzyl protecting group, followed by a base cyclization; hydrogen
- the catalyst used in the reaction is a palladium catalyst such as Pd/C, Pd(OH) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd;
- the base used in the cyclization reaction is selected from the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides or Carbonate, alkoxide or organic base, such as NaOH, KOH, K 2 CO 3 , NaOMe, DBU; or deprotection and cyclization reaction under basic conditions using Pd / C as a catalyst for hydrogenolysis, so that benzyl removal
- the base protecting group and the ring-closing reaction are carried out simultaneously, and the cyclized product is directly obtained.
- the sulfonyl halide used in the sulfonylation reaction may be an arylsulfonyl chloride or a substituted arylsulfonyl chloride or an alkylsulfonyl chloride, such as p-toluenesulfonyl chloride or benzenesulfonate.
- the catalyst may be used without a catalyst or an appropriate amount of an acylation catalyst, and the catalyst may be a dialkyl tin oxide.
- the base used in the reaction may be a common organic base such as pyridine, Have a tertiary amine such as triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine, the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of any two or more thereof, the reaction temperature is -50 ° C to 50 ° C.
- the amine-alkylation reaction is carried out by reacting benzylamine with the corresponding sulfonate using a molar ratio of benzylamine to the corresponding sulfonate substrate of 1/1.
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or any two or more thereof.
- the mixture has a reaction temperature of -25 ° C to 150 ° C.
- the base used in the cross-coupling reaction may be selected from an inorganic base such as K 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , or an organic tertiary amine such as triethylamine or diiso.
- the reaction solvent is an organic protic solvent such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, or an organic polar aprotic solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, or
- a mixture of any two or more of the above solvents may have a reaction temperature of from -25 ° C to 150 ° C.
- the catalyst used in the deprotection reaction is a Pd catalyst such as Pd/C, Pd(OH) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd;
- the reaction solvent is an alcohol or an ester. Or an ether, or a mixture of any two or more of the above solvents, such as methanol or ethanol.
- the metal complex hydride reducing agent used in the step 1) is LiAlH 4 or sodium dihydrobis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminate
- the reaction solvent is organic aprotic.
- a solvent such as methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, toluene or a mixture of two or more thereof;
- the catalyst used in the selective catalytic hydrogenation reduction is selected from a Lindlar catalyst or a P-2 type nickel boride/ethylene diamine catalyst;
- the epoxidation reaction of the trans compound IV1 and the cis compound IV2 may be carried out by an epoxidation method generally used in the art.
- an epoxidizing agent which may be used is selected from an organic peroxyacid such as MCPBA.
- DMDO dimethyl ketone
- MTO methyl antimony trioxide
- a hydroxy protecting group may be removed by a method commonly used in the field of organic chemistry, for example, a hydrogenolysis reaction in the presence of a catalyst to remove a benzyl protecting group, followed by a base cyclization;
- a catalyst used in the hydrogenolysis reaction Is a palladium catalyst, such as Pd / C, Pd (OH) 2 , Pd (OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd;
- the base used in the cyclization reaction is selected from the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates, alkoxides Or an organic base such as NaOH, KOH, K 2 CO 3 , NaOMe, DBU; or deprotection and cyclization reaction under basic conditions using Pd/C as a catalyst for hydrogenolysis to remove the benzyl protecting group and cyclization
- the reaction is carried out simultaneously, and the cyclized product is directly obtained;
- the sulfonyl halide used in the sulfonylation reaction may be an arylsulfonyl chloride or a substituted arylsulfonyl chloride or an alkylsulfonyl chloride such as p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride or p-halogenated benzene.
- the catalyst may be used without a catalyst or an appropriate amount of an acylation catalyst, and the catalyst may be a dialkyl tin oxide compound, DMAP, for example Dibutyltin oxide and 2,2-dibutyl-1,3,2-dioxatine;
- the base used in the reaction may be a common organic base such as pyridine, an organic tertiary amine, such as three Ethylamine or diisopropylethylamine,
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, DMF, DMA or any two thereof Or a mixture of two or more;
- step 6 the amine-alkylation is carried out by reacting benzylamine with the corresponding sulfonate, and the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, acetic acid Ester, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of two or more thereof;
- organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, acetic acid Ester, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of two or more thereof;
- the base used in the cross-coupling reaction may be selected from an inorganic base such as K 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , or an organic tertiary amine such as triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine.
- the solvent is an organic protic solvent such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, or an organic polar aprotic solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, or any two of the above solvents. Or a mixture of two or more; and
- the catalyst used in the deprotection reaction is a Pd catalyst such as Pd/C, Pd(OH) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd, and the reaction solvent is an alcohol, an ester or an ether, or the above solvent. Any two or more mixtures, such as methanol or ethanol.
- the reaction product obtained in any of the steps 1) to 9) can be directly used as a raw material to carry out the subsequent reaction to prepare the compound of the formula I, for example,
- the compounds of the formulae IV1 and IV2 are used as starting materials and the steps 2) to 9) described above are carried out to give the racemic nebivolol of the formula I.
- the compounds of formula IX and formula XII can be used as starting materials and steps 7) to 9) described above can be carried out to provide racemic nebivolol of formula I.
- the invention provides a method of preparing a compound of formula IV1,
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from an aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting group such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl,
- the method includes the following steps:
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane, petroleum ether, diethyl ether
- Isopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether or a mixture of any two or more thereof stirred at a low temperature, for example, stirred at 0 to -20 ° C, crystallized, and filtered to obtain a solid of the compound of the formula IV1.
- R is as defined above.
- the metal complex hydride reducing agent used in the above method is LiAlH 4 or sodium dihydrobis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminate
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent, for example. Tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, toluene or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula IV2,
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from an aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting group such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl,
- the method includes the following steps:
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane, petroleum ether
- R is as defined above.
- the catalyst used in the selective catalytic hydrogenation reduction in the above process is selected from the group consisting of Lindlar catalysts or P-2 type nickel boride/ethylenediamine catalysts.
- the invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula VII (S*/R*),
- VII(S*/R*) is a racemate containing an equivalent amount of formula VIIa (S/R) and its enantiomer a racemic mixture of VIIb (R/S),
- the method includes the following steps:
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting groups
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting groups
- t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group
- Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group
- R is shown as benzyl (Bn)
- compound V is a racemate and contains an equal amount of a racemic mixture of the formula Va and its enantiomer Vb, the relative configuration of which is represented by V(2R*, 3R*)
- VII(S*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula VIIa (S/R) and its enantiomer VIIb (R/S),
- reaction conditions, solvents and the like of steps 3) and 4) are as described above.
- the invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula VIII (R*/R*),
- VIII(R*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula VIIIa (R/R) and its enantiomer VIIIb (S/S),
- the method includes the following steps:
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting groups
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, allyl or silicon protecting groups
- t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group
- Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group
- R is shown as benzyl (Bn)
- compound VI is a racemate and is a racemic mixture containing an equivalent amount of formula VIa and its enantiomer VIb, the relative configuration of which is represented by VI(2R*, 3S*)
- VIII(R*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula VIIIa (R/R) and its enantiomer VIIIb (S/S),
- reaction conditions, solvents and the like of steps 3) and 4) are as described above.
- the present invention provides a process for the preparation of racemic nebivolol of formula I,
- I(S*R*R*R*) represents a racemate which is an equimolar configuration of the right-handed nebivolol Ia (SRRR) and its enantiomer L-Nexirolol a racemic mixture of Ib (RSSS);
- the method comprises the following steps a) to c) or d) and steps 1) to 9):
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane, petroleum ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether or any two of the compounds of formula III obtained in step c) Or a mixture of two or more, stirred at low temperature, for example, stirred at 0 to -20 ° C, crystallized, and filtered to obtain a solid of the compound of formula III
- Step 1) Reduction of compound III via a metal complex hydride to give the trans compound of formula IV1, and optionally the step of adding a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane to the resulting compound of formula IV1.
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane
- petroleum ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether or a mixture of any two or more thereof stirred at a low temperature, for example, stirred at 0 to -20 ° C, crystallized, and filtered to obtain a solid of the compound of the formula IV1,
- Step 2) Reduction of compound III by selective catalytic hydrogenation to give the cis compound of formula IV2, and optionally the step of adding a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane to the resulting compound of formula IV2.
- a non-polar organic solvent such as n-hexane, n-heptane
- petroleum ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether or a mixture of any two or more thereof stirred at low temperature, for example, stirred at 0 to -20 ° C, crystallized, and filtered to obtain a solid of the compound of the formula IV2,
- Step 3) epoxidation of trans compound IV1 and cis compound IV2, respectively, under the action of an epoxidizing reagent to give epoxy intermediates V and VI, wherein R is as defined above,
- compound V is a racemate and contains an equal amount of a racemic mixture of the formula Va and its enantiomer Vb, the relative configuration of which is represented by V(2R*, 3R*)
- compound VI is a racemate and is a racemic mixture containing an equivalent amount of formula VIa and its enantiomer VIb, the relative configuration of which is represented by VI(2R*, 3S*)
- Step 4) Deprotection and cyclization of compounds V and VI, respectively, to give intermediate compounds VII (S*/R*) and VIII (R*/R*), wherein R is as defined above,
- VII(S*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula VIIa (S/R) and its enantiomer VIIb (R/S),
- VIII(R*/R*) is a racemate containing an equivalent amount of formula VIIIa (R/R) and its enantiomer a racemic mixture of VIIIb (S/S),
- Step 5 Sulfonylation of compounds VII and VIII with a sulfonyl halide of the formula M-SO 2 X (wherein M is an alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, X is a halogen) in the presence of a catalyst and a base , to obtain compounds IX (S*/R*) and X (R*/R*),
- IX(S*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula IXa (S/R) and its enantiomer IXb (R/S),
- X(R*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula Xa (R/R) and its enantiomer Xb (S/S),
- Step 6) subjecting compound IX or X to benzylamine for amine-alkylation reaction to obtain the corresponding compound XI or XII;
- XI(S*/R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula XIa (S/R) and its enantiomer XIb (R/S),
- XII(R*/R*) is a racemate and is an isomeric mixture of the formula XIIa (R/R) and its enantiomer XIIb (S/S).
- XIII(S*R*R*R*) is a racemate, which is an isomeric mixture of the formula XIIIa (SRRR) and its enantiomer XIIIb (RSSS),
- XIII'(S*R*S*S*) is a racemate containing an equivalent amount of a racemic mixture of the formula XIII'a (SRSS) and its enantiomer XIII'b (RSRR),
- Step 8) The mixture containing the compound XIII and XIII' is recrystallized and purified to remove the isomer XIII' (S*R*S*S*) to give the intermediate XIII (S*R*R*R*),
- I(S*R*R*R*) is a racemate and is a racemic mixture containing an equivalent amount of Formula Ia (SRRR) and its enantiomer Ib (RSSS).
- step a) the reaction is carried out in an organic aprotic solvent such as methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or toluene;
- organic aprotic solvent such as methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether or toluene;
- step b) the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, an acid or a fluorine-containing salt, preferably in the presence of a base selected from alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates, such as NaOH, KOH, Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 , the solvent used for the reaction is selected from a protic solvent such as water, methanol, ethanol or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
- the base is selected from a metal hydride or an organic base such as NaNH 2 or KNH 2
- the organometallic reagent is selected from the group consisting of BuLi, t-BuLi, s-BuLi, LDA or Grignard reagent.
- the reaction solvent used is an organic aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether. , tert-butyl methyl ether, toluene or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
- the metal complex hydride reducing agent used is LiAlH 4 or sodium dihydrobis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminate
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran or methyl. Tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, toluene or a mixture of two or more thereof;
- step 2) the catalyst used in the selective catalytic hydrogenation reduction is selected from the group consisting of Lindlar catalyst or P-2 type nickel boride/ethylene diamine catalyst;
- the epoxidation reaction of the trans compound IV1 and the cis compound IV2 may be carried out by an epoxidation method generally used in the art.
- an epoxidizing agent which may be used is selected from an organic peroxyacid such as MCPBA.
- reaction solvent being an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, toluene or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
- a hydroxy protecting group may be removed by a method commonly used in the field of organic chemistry, for example, a hydrogenolysis reaction in the presence of a catalyst to remove a benzyl protecting group, followed by a base cyclization;
- a catalyst used in the hydrogenolysis reaction Is a palladium catalyst, such as Pd / C, Pd (OH) 2 , Pd (OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd;
- the base used in the cyclization reaction is selected from the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates, alkoxides Or an organic base such as NaOH, KOH, K 2 CO 3 , NaOMe, DBU; or deprotection and cyclization using basic hydrogenolysis conditions under Pd/C as a catalyst to remove the benzyl protecting group and ring
- the reaction is carried out simultaneously, and the cyclized product is directly obtained;
- the sulfonyl halide used in the sulfonylation reaction may be an arylsulfonyl chloride or a substituted arylsulfonyl chloride or an alkylsulfonyl chloride such as p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride or p-halogenated benzene.
- the catalyst may be used without a catalyst or an appropriate amount of an acylation catalyst, and the catalyst may be a dialkyl tin oxide compound, DMAP, for example Dibutyltin oxide and 2,2-dibutyl-1,3,2-dioxatine;
- the base used in the reaction may be a common organic base such as pyridine, an organic tertiary amine, such as three Ethylamine or diisopropylethylamine,
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or any two thereof Or a mixture of two or more;
- step 6 the amine-alkylation is carried out by reacting benzylamine with the corresponding sulfonate, and the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, acetic acid Ester, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of two or more thereof;
- organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, acetic acid Ester, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of two or more thereof;
- the base used in the cross-coupling reaction may be selected from an inorganic base such as K 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , or an organic tertiary amine such as triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine.
- the solvent is an organic protic solvent such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, or an organic polar aprotic solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, or any two of the above solvents. Or a mixture of two or more; and
- the catalyst used in the deprotection reaction is a Pd catalyst such as Pd/C, Pd(OH) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd, and the reaction solvent is an alcohol, an ester or an ether, or the above solvent. Any two or more mixtures, such as methanol or ethanol.
- the reaction product obtained in any of steps a) to 9) can be used as a starting material for direct subsequent reaction to prepare a compound of formula I.
- a compound of the formula XV can be used as a starting material and the steps b) to 9) described above can be carried out, or the compound of the formula XVI can be used as a starting material and the steps c) to 9) described above, thereby obtaining the racemic form of the formula I.
- the present invention provides a process for the preparation of dextroprofenol (Formula Ia),
- the method includes the following steps:
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl , allyl or silicon protecting group, for example t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar Is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl;
- hydrochloride salt of intermediate XIIIa is converted to the free intermediate XIIIa by base neutralization and then deprotected to give the right-handed nebivolol (formula Ia).
- the present invention provides a method of preparing L-naprolide (Formula Ib),
- the method includes the following steps:
- R is a hydroxy protecting group selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl , allyl or silicon protecting group, for example t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar Is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl,
- a Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction is employed in step 3') using a chiral catalyst of D-(-)-diethyl tartrate or D-(-)- Diisopropyl tartrate, the reaction reagent is tetraisopropyl oxytitanium, peroxybutanol or cumene hydroperoxide, the reaction solvent is dichloromethane, and the reaction system is added with 3A or 4A molecular sieve, the reaction temperature is -45 °C to 50 °C.
- a Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction is employed in step 3" using a chiral catalyst of L-(+)-diethyl tartrate or L-(+)- Diisopropyl tartrate, the reaction reagent is tetraisopropyl oxytitanium, peroxybutanol or cumene hydroperoxide, the reaction solvent is dichloromethane, and the reaction system is added with 3A or 4A molecular sieve, the reaction temperature is -45 °C to 50 °C.
- the hydroxy protecting group can be removed in the step 4') or the step 4") by a method commonly used in the field of organic chemistry, for example, hydrogenolysis in the presence of a catalyst to remove the benzyl group.
- the catalyst used in the hydrogenolysis reaction is a palladium catalyst such as Pd/C, Pd(OH) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd;
- the base selected for the cyclization reaction From alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates, alkoxides or organic heterocyclic bases, such as NaOH, KOH, K 2 CO 3 , NaOMe, DBU; or deprotection and cyclization reactions can be used in Pd/C
- the alkaline hydrogenolysis conditions under the catalyst conditions allow the removal of the benzyl protecting group and the cyclization reaction simultaneously, and the cyclized product is directly obtained.
- the sulfonyl halide used in the sulfonylation reaction may be an arylsulfonyl chloride or a substituted arylsulfonyl chloride or an alkane.
- Sulfonyl chloride for example p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, p-halobenzenesulfonyl chloride, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, o-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride or methanesulfonyl chloride; no catalyst or acylation may be used in the reaction.
- the catalyst used may be a dialkyl tin oxide compound, DMAP, such as dibutyltin oxide and 2,2-dibutyl-1,3,2-dioxazacyclopentane; used in the reaction
- the base may be a commonly used organic base such as pyridine, an organic tertiary amine such as triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, Pyridine, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of any two or more thereof, and the reaction temperature is -5 to 50 °C.
- the amine-alkylation reaction is carried out by reacting the benzylamine with the corresponding sulfonate, the reaction solvent being an organic aprotic solvent, For example, dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of any two or more thereof, and the reaction temperature is -25 ° C to 150 ° C.
- the base used in the cross-coupling reaction may be selected from inorganic bases such as K 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , Or an organic tertiary amine such as triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine, the reaction solvent is an organic protic solvent such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, or an organic polar aprotic solvent such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone. , toluene, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, or a mixture of any two or more of the above solvents, and the reaction temperature is -25 ° C to 150 ° C.
- inorganic bases such as K 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , Or an organic tertiary amine such as triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine
- the reaction solvent is an organic protic solvent such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, or an organic polar aprotic
- the catalyst used in the deprotection reaction is a Pd catalyst such as Pd/C, Pd(OH) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 And PdCl 2 , Pd
- the reaction solvent is an alcohol, an ester or an ether, or a mixture of any two or more of the above solvents, such as methanol or ethanol.
- the step of converting the intermediate XIIIa or the intermediate XIIIb to its hydrochloride salt is carried out by adding hydrochloric acid, for example 1N hydrochloric acid, to the intermediate compound, crystallization and filtration to give the hydrochloride salt.
- hydrochloric acid for example 1N hydrochloric acid
- the hydroxy protecting group can be removed by methods commonly used in the field of organic chemistry, for example hydrogenolysis in the presence of a catalyst.
- the reaction removes the benzyl protecting group and then adds the base ring;
- the catalyst used in the hydrogenolysis reaction is a Pd catalyst such as Pd/C, Pd(OH) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd;
- the base used in the reaction is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates, alkoxides or organic heterocyclic bases such as NaOH, KOH, K 2 CO 3 , NaOMe, DBU; or deprotection and cyclization reactions.
- the benzyl protecting group and the cyclization reaction are simultaneously carried out by using the alkaline hydrogenolysis conditions under the condition that the Pd/C is a catalyst, and the cyclization product is directly obtained;
- the sulfonyl halide used in the sulfonylation reaction may be an arylsulfonyl chloride or a substituted arylsulfonyl chloride or an alkylsulfonyl chloride such as p-toluenesulfonyl chloride or benzenesulfonate.
- the catalyst used in the reaction may be a dialkyl tin oxide compound, DMAP, such as dibutyl oxidation Tin and 2,2-dibutyl-1,3,2-dioxatine
- the base used in the reaction may be a common organic base such as pyridine, an organic tertiary amine such as triethylamine or Isopropylethylamine
- the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or any two or more thereof mixture;
- step 6') or step 6" the amine-alkylation is carried out by reacting benzylamine with the corresponding sulfonate, and the reaction solvent is an organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, Pyridine, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
- organic aprotic solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, Pyridine, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMA or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
- the base used in the cross-coupling reaction may be selected from an inorganic base such as K 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , or an organic tertiary amine such as triethylamine or diiso.
- the reaction solvent is an organic protic solvent such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, or an organic polar aprotic solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, or a mixture of any two or more of the above solvents;
- the catalyst used in the deprotection reaction is a Pd catalyst such as Pd/C, Pd(OH) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 , Pd, and the reaction solvent is an alcohol or an ester. Or an ether, or a mixture of any two or more of the above solvents, such as methanol or ethanol.
- the step of converting the intermediate XIIIa or the intermediate XIIIb to its hydrochloride salt is carried out by adding hydrochloric acid, for example 1N hydrochloric acid, to the intermediate compound, crystallization and filtration to give the hydrochloride salt.
- hydrochloric acid for example 1N hydrochloric acid
- the reaction product obtained in any of the steps can be used as a starting material for direct subsequent reaction to produce a compound of Formula Ia or Formula Ib.
- a compound of the formula IXa and the formula XIIa can be used as a starting material and the steps 7') to 8') described above can be carried out, thereby obtaining the right-handed nebitropol of the formula Ia.
- a compound of the formula IXb and the formula XIIb can be used as a starting material and the steps 7") to 8") described can be carried out to obtain the levofloxacin of the formula Ib.
- the present invention also provides a mixture of dextroprofenol (Formula Ia) and levofloxacin (Formula Ib) in any ratio,
- dextrorotatory nebivolol (formula Ia) and levorotatory nebivolol (formula Ib) were prepared as described above, respectively.
- the invention also provides a preparation of any ratio of dextroprofenol (Formula Ia) And a method of a mixture of L-Nexirol (Formula Ib), the method comprising:
- hydrochloride salt of the intermediate XIIIa and the hydrochloride salt of the intermediate XIIIb are respectively prepared according to the methods described in the above steps 3') to 7') and the steps 3") to 7"), and the two are optionally Mixing in proportion, neutralizing with a base, and then using the resulting mixture to carry out the deprotection step described in step 8'); or
- the invention provides a compound of formula IV1'
- R a is hydrogen or R a is a hydroxy protecting group
- the protecting group is selected from an aralkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an allyl group or a silicon protecting group such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl.
- the invention provides a compound of formula IV2'
- R b is hydrogen or R b is a hydroxy protecting group
- the protecting group is selected from an aralkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an allyl group or a silicon protecting group such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl.
- the invention provides a compound of the formula V'(2R*, 3R*)
- R c is hydrogen or R c is a hydroxy protecting group selected from an aralkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an allyl group or a silicon protecting group such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl,
- compound V' is a racemate, the relative configuration of which is represented by V'(2R*, 3R*), which contains an equivalent amount of Va'(2R, 3R) and its enantiomer Vb' (2S, a racemic mixture of 3S), for example a compound of the formula wherein R c is benzyl:
- the invention provides a compound of formula VI' (2R*, 3S*)
- R d is hydrogen or R d is a hydroxy protecting group
- the protecting group is selected from an aralkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an allyl group or a silicon protecting group such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl,
- compound VI' is a racemate, the relative configuration of which is represented by VI' (2R*, 3S*), which contains an equivalent amount of VIa'(2R, 3S) and its enantiomer VIb' (2S, a racemic mixture of 3R), for example a compound of the formula wherein R d is benzyl:
- the invention provides a compound of formula XI':
- R' is a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a C 1-6 alkoxycarbonyl group or a C 5-10 aralkoxycarbonyl group, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, a tert-butoxycarbonyl group, a phenoxy group. Carbonyl.
- the invention provides a compound of formula XII':
- R' is a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a C 1-6 alkoxycarbonyl group or a C 5-10 aralkoxycarbonyl group, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, a tert-butoxycarbonyl group, a phenoxy group. Carbonyl.
- the invention provides a compound of formula XVI':
- R e is hydrogen or R e is a hydroxy protecting group
- the protecting group is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, a halogenated alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, a benzoyl group, and a benzoyl group having a substituent on the benzene ring.
- a silicon protecting group such as t-BuMe 2 Si, t-BuPh 2 Si, (i-Pr) 3 Si, Et 3 Si, methoxymethyl, benzyl or -CH 2 Ar, wherein Ar is unsubstituted or A substituted aryl group such as p-methoxyphenyl or halophenyl.
- the invention also provides the following specific compounds for the synthesis of nebivolol, selected from:
- the starting material 2-benzyloxy-5-fluorobenzyl alcohol used in this example can be referred to by the known compound 2-hydroxy-5-fluorobenzyl alcohol (Medicinal Chemistry letters, 2010, vol. 1, #7 p.321-325). Literature, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 2006, vol. 14, #6 p. 2022–2031) Method Preparation.
- the hydrogen gas was replaced with argon gas again. After the hydrogen gas was removed, the reaction solution was filtered through celite, washed with 100 mL of ethyl acetate, washed with water (3*20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness to give the product 3.15 g, yield 97%.
- the product was recrystallized twice from ethanol to give 0.69 g of the oxalate salt of Compound XIII.
- the above product was suspended in 20 ml of dichloromethane, 10 ml of 10% sodium carbonate was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 25 minutes, and the organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated to dryness. g.
- Post-treatment The reaction solution was poured into a freshly prepared FeSO 4 /tartaric acid/H 2 O solution (2.5 g of FeSO4 + 1.0 g of tartaric acid + 20 ml of H 2 O), stirred at room temperature for 1 h, filtered through Celite, and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with methylene chloride. EtOAc was evaporated.
- Compound Vb was obtained by a similar method to Experimental Example 16 using Compound IV1 as a starting material and L-(+)-diisopropyl tartrate as a chiral inducer.
- Compound XIa is a white solid, [ ⁇ ] D 20 ; +82.1 (CHCl 3 , c 0.56)
- the organic layer was evaporated to dryness.
- the novel method provided by the present invention has high stereoselectivity, and the preparation of key intermediates can avoid column chromatography separation, and the reaction conditions are mild, and no special reagent is needed.
- the cost of preparing nebivolol by the method of the present invention is greatly reduced, and is very suitable for industrial production.
- the purification of the intermediates of the intermediates III, IV1 and IV2 greatly improves the quality of the intermediates and products, so that the quality of the products is controllable, the yield is improved, and the production cost is significantly reduced.
- the compounds of the formulae XIIIa and XIIIb are purified by salt-forming crystallization, which greatly improves the product quality and enables the purity of the final product to be 99.9% or more.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (50)
- 制备式VII(S*/R*)化合物的方法,其中VII(S*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式VIIa(S/R)和其对映异构体VIIb(R/S)的外消旋混合物,该方法包括以下步骤:3)将反式化合物IV1在环氧化试剂作用下环氧化得到环氧中间体V,其中R为羟基保护基,其选自烷基、卤代烷基、芳烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯丙基或硅保护基,例如t-BuMe2Si、t-BuPh2Si、(i-Pr)3Si、Et3Si、甲氧基甲基、苄基或-CH2Ar,其中Ar为未取代或取代的芳基,例如对甲氧基苯基或卤代苯基,但在下式中R显示以苄基(Bn)为例,其中化合物V是外消旋体,为含等量的结构式为Va和其对映异构体Vb的外消旋混合物,其相对构型用V(2R*,3R*)表示4)将化合物V(2R*,3R*)脱保护、环合得到中间体化合物VII(S*/R*),其中R如上文所定义,但在下式中R显示为以苄基(Bn)为例,其中VII(S*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式VIIa(S/R)和其对映异构体VIIb(R/S)的外消旋混合物,
- 制备式VIII(R*/R*)化合物的方法,其中VIII(R*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式VIIIa(R/R)和其对映异构体VIIIb(S/S)的外消旋混合物,该方法包括以下步骤:3)将顺式化合物IV2在环氧化试剂作用下环氧化得到环氧中间体V,其中R为羟基保护基,其选自烷基、卤代烷基、芳烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯丙基或硅保护基,例如t-BuMe2Si、t-BuPh2Si、(i-Pr)3Si、Et3Si、甲氧基甲基、苄基或-CH2Ar,其中Ar为未取代或取代的芳基,例如对甲氧基苯基或卤代苯基,但在下式中R显示为以苄基(Bn)为例,其中化合物VI是外消旋体,为含等量的式VIa和其对映异构体VIb的外消旋混合物,其相对构型用VI(2R*,3S*)表示4)将化合物VI(2R*,3S*)脱保护、环合得到中间体化合物VIII(R*/R*),其中R如上文所定义,但在下式中R显示为以苄基(Bn)为例,其中VIII(R*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式VIIIa(R/R)和其对映异构 体VIIIb(S/S)的外消旋混合物,
- 根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中在步骤3)中,将反式化合物IV1或顺式化合物IV2进行环氧化的反应可以采用本领域通常使用的环氧化方法,例如,可以使用的环氧化试剂选自有机过氧酸例如MCPBA、三氟过氧乙酸、二甲基过氧化酮(DMDO)、过氧化氢与乙酸的混合物及VO(acac)2与过氧叔丁醇的混合物,以及催化量的甲基三氧化铼(MTO)存在下的吡啶-H2O2体系,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氢呋喃、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据上述权利要求任一项的方法,其中在步骤4)中,可采用有机化学领域常用的方法脱去羟基保护基,例如在催化剂存在下的氢解反应脱除苄基保护基,然后再加碱环合;氢解反应中使用的催化剂为钯催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd;环合反应所用的碱选自碱金属和碱土金属的氢氧化物或碳酸盐、醇盐或者有机杂环碱,例如NaOH、KOH、K2CO3、NaOMe、DBU;或者脱保护和环合反应可采用在Pd/C为催化剂条件下的碱性氢解条件使脱除苄基保护基和环合反应同时进行,直接得到环合产物。
- 根据上述权利要求任一项的方法,其中:在步骤3)中,将反式化合物IV1或顺式化合物IV2进行环氧化的反应可以采用本领域通常使用的环氧化方法,例如,可以使用的环氧化试剂选自有机过氧酸例如MCPBA、三氟过氧乙酸、二甲基过氧化酮(DMDO)、过氧化氢与乙酸的混合物及VO(acac)2与过氧叔丁醇的混合物,以及催化量的甲基三氧化铼(MTO)存在下的吡啶-H2O2体系,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氢呋喃、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物;和在步骤4)中,可采用有机化学领域常用的方法脱去羟基保护基,例如 在催化剂存在下的氢解反应脱除苄基保护基,然后再加碱环合;氢解反应中使用的催化剂为钯催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd;环合反应所用的碱选自碱金属和碱土金属的氢氧化物或碳酸盐、醇盐或者有机杂环碱,例如NaOH、KOH、K2CO3、NaOMe、DBU;或者脱保护和环合反应可采用在Pd/C为催化剂条件下的碱性氢解条件使脱除苄基保护基和环合反应同时进行,直接得到环合产物。
- 式III化合物的制备方法;其中R为羟基保护基,所述保护基选自烷基、卤代烷基、芳烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯丙基或硅保护基,例如t-BuMe2Si、t-BuPh2Si、(i-Pr)3Si、Et3Si、烯丙基、甲氧基甲基、苄基或-CH2Ar,其中Ar为未取代或取代的芳基,例如对甲氧基苯基或卤代苯基,该方法包括以下步骤:步骤a):将式XIV的化合物,其中R为如上所述的羟基保护基,X为卤素,经与3-三取代的硅基-丙-2-炔-1-锂反应得到式XV的化合物,其中R1、R2、R3各自独立地选自烷基或芳基,例如甲基、叔丁基或苯基;步骤b):将式XV的化合物脱除炔基末端的硅保护基得到式XVI的化合物,其中R的定义同上;步骤c):将式XVI的化合物在碱或有机金属试剂存在下与多聚甲醛反应得到式III的化合物,其中R的定义同上;以及任选的步骤d):向步骤c)所得的式III化合物中加入非极性有机溶剂,例如正己烷、正庚烷、石油醚、乙醚、异丙醚或叔丁基甲基醚或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物,低温搅拌,例如在0至-20℃搅拌,结晶,过滤得到式III化合物的固体。
- 根据权利要求6的方法,其中步骤a)的反应在有机非质子性溶剂中进行,例如甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、乙醚、叔丁基甲基醚或甲苯。
- 根据权利要求6-7任一项的方法,其中步骤b)的反应在碱、酸或含氟盐存在下,优选在碱存在下进行,所述的碱选自碱金属或碱土金属的氢氧化物或碳酸盐,例如NaOH、KOH、Na2CO3、K2CO3,反应所用溶剂选自质子性溶剂,例如水、甲醇、乙醇或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求6-8任一项的方法,其中步骤c)中所述的碱选自金属氢化物或有机碱,例如NaNH2或KNH2,所述的有机金属试剂选自BuLi、t-BuLi、s-BuLi、LDA或格氏试剂,例如MeMgX、EtMgX、BuMgX、i-PrMgX,其中X为Br、I或Cl,所用的反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、甲苯、二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、叔丁基甲基醚、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求6-9任一项的方法,其中:步骤a)的反应在有机非质子性溶剂中进行,例如甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、乙醚、叔丁基甲基醚或甲苯;步骤b)的反应在碱、酸或含氟盐存在下,优选在碱存在下进行,所述的碱选自碱金属或碱土金属的氢氧化物或碳酸盐,例如NaOH、KOH、Na2CO3、K2CO3,反应所用溶剂选自质子性溶剂,例如水、甲醇、乙醇或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物;和步骤c)中所述的碱选自金属氢化物或有机碱,例如NaNH2或KNH2,所述的有机金属试剂选自BuLi、t-BuLi、s-BuLi、LDA或格氏试剂,例如 MeMgX、EtMgX、BuMgX、i-PrMgX,其中X为Br、I或Cl,所用的反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、甲苯、二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、叔丁基甲基醚、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求11的方法,其中所使用的金属复合氢化物还原剂为LiAlH4或二氢双(2-甲氧基乙氧基)铝酸钠,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、甲苯、二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、叔丁基甲基醚、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求13的方法,其中选择性催化氢化还原所使用的催化剂选自林德拉(Lindlar)催化剂或P-2型硼化镍/乙二胺催化剂。
- 一种制备式I的外消旋的奈必洛尔的方法,其中I(S*R*R*R*)表示外消旋体,其是由等摩尔的构型如下所示的右旋奈必洛尔Ia(SRRR)及其对映体左旋奈必洛尔Ib(RSSS)组成的外消旋混合物;该方法包括下列步骤:1)将化合物III经金属复合氢化物还原得到式IV1的反式化合物,以及任选的下述步骤:所得的式IV1化合物中加入非极性有机溶剂,例如正己烷、正庚烷、石油醚、乙醚、异丙醚或叔丁基甲基醚或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物,低温搅拌,例如在0至-20℃搅拌,结晶,过滤得到式IV1化合物的固体,其中R为羟基保护基,所述保护基选自烷基、卤代烷基、芳烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯丙基或硅保护基,例如t-BuMe2Si、t-BuPh2Si、(i-Pr)3Si、Et3Si、甲氧基甲基、苄基或-CH2Ar,其中Ar为未取代或取代的芳基,例如对甲氧基苯基或卤代苯基,2)将化合物III经选择性催化氢化还原得到式IV2的顺式化合物,以及任选的下述步骤:向所得的式IV2化合物中加入非极性有机溶剂,例如正己烷、正庚烷、石油醚、乙醚、异丙醚或叔丁基甲基醚或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物,低温搅拌,例如在0至-20℃搅拌,结晶,过滤得到式IV2化合物的固体,其中R为上述1)中所定义,3)将反式化合物IV1和顺式化合物IV2分别在环氧化试剂作用下环氧 化得到环氧中间体V和VI,其中R如上文所定义,其中化合物V是外消旋体,为含等量的结构式为Va和其对映异构体Vb的外消旋混合物,其相对构型用V(2R*,3R*)表示其中化合物VI是外消旋体,为含等量的式VIa和其对映异构体VIb的外消旋混合物,其相对构型用VI(2R*,3S*)表示4)将化合物V和VI分别脱保护、环合得到中间体化合物VII(S*/R*)和VIII(R*/R*),其中R如上文所定义,其中VII(S*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式VIIa(S/R)和其对映异构体VIIb(R/S)的外消旋混合物,其中VIII(R*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式VIIIa(R/R)和其对映异构体VIIIb(S/S)的外消旋混合物,5)将化合物VII和VIII分别与式M-SO2X的磺酰卤化物(其中M是烷基或取代或未取代的芳基,X为卤素)在催化剂及碱存在下磺酰化,得到化合物IX(S*/R*)和X(R*/R*),其中IX(S*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式IXa(S/R)和其对映异构体IXb(R/S)的外消旋混合物,其中X(R*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式Xa(R/R)和其对映异构体Xb(S/S)的外消旋混合物,6)将化合物IX或X与苄胺进行胺-烷基化反应,得到相应的化合物XI或XII;其中XI(S*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式XIa(S/R)和其对映异构体XIb(R/S)的外消旋混合物,其中XII(R*/R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式XIIa(R/R)和其对映异构体XIIb(S/S)的外消旋混合物7)将中间体IX(S*/R*)和XII(R*/R*)或中间体X(R*/R*)和XI(S*/R*)在碱性条件下进行交叉偶联反应,得到化合物XIII(S*R*R*R*)和XIII’(S*R*S*S*),其中R”的定义同上文的M定义,其中XIII(S*R*R*R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式XIIIa(SRRR)和其对映异构体XIIIb(RSSS)的外消旋混合物,XIII’(S*R*S*S*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式XIII’a(SRSS)和其对映异构体XIII’b(RSRR)的外消旋混合物,8)将含有化合物XIII和XIII’的混合物成盐重结晶纯化除去异构体XIII’(S*R*S*S*)得到中间体XIII(S*R*R*R*),9)将中间体XIII(S*R*R*R*)脱保护得到式I的外消旋的奈必洛尔其中I(S*R*R*R*)是外消旋体,为含等量的式Ia(SRRR)和其对映异构 体Ib(RSSS)的外消旋混合物。
- 根据权利要求15的方法,其中在步骤1)中,所使用的金属复合氢化物还原剂为LiAlH4或二氢双(2-甲氧基乙氧基)铝酸钠,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、甲苯、二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、叔丁基甲基醚、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求15-16任一项的方法,其中在步骤2)中,选择性催化氢化还原所使用的催化剂选自林德拉(Lindlar)催化剂或P-2型硼化镍/乙二胺催化剂。
- 根据权利要求15-17任一项的方法,其中在步骤3)中,将反式化合物IV1和顺式化合物IV2进行环氧化的反应可以采用本领域通常使用的环氧化方法,例如,可以使用的环氧化试剂选自有机过氧酸例如MCPBA、三氟过氧乙酸、二甲基过氧化酮(DMDO)、过氧化氢与乙酸的混合物及VO(acac)2与过氧叔丁醇的混合物,以及催化量的甲基三氧化铼(MTO)存在下的吡啶-H2O2体系,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氢呋喃、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求15-18任一项的方法,其中在步骤4)中,可采用有机化学领域常用的方法脱去羟基保护基,例如在催化剂存在下的氢解反应脱除苄基保护基,然后再加碱环合;氢解反应中使用的催化剂为钯催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd;环合反应所用的碱选自碱金属和碱土金属的氢氧化物或碳酸盐、醇盐或者有机杂环碱,例如NaOH、KOH、K2CO3、NaOMe、DBU;或者脱保护和环合反应可采用在Pd/C为催化剂条件下的碱性氢解条件使脱除苄基保护基和环合反应同时进行,直接得到环合产物。
- 根据权利要求15-19任一项的方法,其中在步骤5)中,磺酰化反应所使用的磺酰卤化物可以是芳基磺酰氯或取代的芳基磺酰氯或烷基磺酰氯,例如对甲苯磺酰氯、苯磺酰氯、对卤代苯磺酰氯、对硝基苯磺酰氯、邻硝基苯磺酰氯或甲基磺酰氯;反应中可以不使用催化剂或使用适量的酰化催化剂,使用的催化剂可以是二烷基氧化锡类化合物、DMAP,例如二 丁基氧化锡及2,2-二丁基-1,3,2-二氧杂锡杂环戊烷;反应中使用的碱可以是常用的有机碱,例如吡啶、有机叔胺,例如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、吡啶、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、DMF、DMA或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求15-20任一项的方法,其中在步骤6)中,胺-烷基化反应以苄胺与相应的磺酸酯反应,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、吡啶、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、DMF、DMA或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求15-21任一项的方法,其中在步骤7)中,交叉偶联反应中所使用的碱可选自无机碱,如K2CO3、Na2CO3,或有机叔胺,如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,反应溶剂为有机质子性溶剂,例如乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇,或者为有机极性非质子性溶剂,例如丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺,或上述溶剂的任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求15-22任一项的方法,其中在步骤9)中,脱保护反应所用的催化剂为Pd催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2,Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd,反应溶剂为醇、酯或醚,或上述溶剂的任何两种或两种以上的混合物,例如甲醇或乙醇。
- 根据权利要求15-23任一项的方法,其中:在步骤1)中,所使用的金属复合氢化物还原剂为LiAlH4或二氢双(2-甲氧基乙氧基)铝酸钠,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、甲苯、二氧六环、乙醚、异丙醚、叔丁基甲基醚、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物;在步骤2)中,选择性催化氢化还原所使用的催化剂选自林德拉(Lindlar)催化剂或P-2型硼化镍/乙二胺催化剂;在步骤3)中,将反式化合物IV1和顺式化合物IV2进行环氧化的反应可以采用本领域通常使用的环氧化方法,例如,可以使用的环氧化试剂选自有机过氧酸例如MCPBA、三氟过氧乙酸、二甲基过氧化酮(DMDO)、 过氧化氢与乙酸的混合物及VO(acac)2与过氧叔丁醇的混合物,以及催化量的甲基三氧化铼(MTO)存在下的吡啶-H2O2体系,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、甲苯或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物;在步骤4)中,可采用有机化学领域常用的方法脱去羟基保护基,例如在催化剂存在下的氢解反应脱除苄基保护基,然后再加碱环合;氢解反应中使用的催化剂为钯催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd;环合反应所用的碱选自碱金属和碱土金属的氢氧化物或碳酸盐、醇盐或者有机碱,例如NaOH、KOH、K2CO3、NaOMe、DBU;或者脱保护和环合反应可采用在Pd/C为催化剂条件下的碱性氢解条件使脱除苄基保护基和环合反应同时进行,直接得到环合产物;在步骤5)中,磺酰化反应所使用的磺酰卤化物可以是芳基磺酰氯或取代的芳基磺酰氯或烷基磺酰氯,例如对甲苯磺酰氯、苯磺酰氯、对卤代苯磺酰氯、对硝基苯磺酰氯、邻硝基苯磺酰氯或甲基磺酰氯;反应中可以不使用催化剂或使用适量的酰化催化剂,催化剂可以是二烷基氧化锡类化合物、DMAP,例如二丁基氧化锡及2,2-二丁基-1,3,2-二氧杂锡杂环戊烷;反应中使用的碱可以是常用的有机碱,例如吡啶、有机叔胺,例如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、吡啶、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、DMF、DMA或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物;在步骤6)中,胺-烷基化以苄胺与相应的磺酸酯反应,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、吡啶、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、DMF、DMA或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物;在步骤7)中,交叉偶联反应中所使用的碱可选自无机碱,如K2CO3、Na2CO3,或有机叔胺,如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,反应溶剂为有机质子性溶剂,例如乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇,或者为有机极性非质子性溶剂,例如丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺,或上述溶剂的任何两种或两种以上的混合物;在步骤9)中,脱保护反应所用的催化剂为Pd催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2,Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd,反应溶剂为醇、酯或醚,或上述溶剂的任何两种或两种以上的混合物,例如甲醇或乙醇。
- 根据权利要求15至24任一项的方法,其中用式IV1和式IV2的化合物作为原料并进行所述的步骤2)至9),从而得到式I的外消旋的奈必洛尔。
- 根据权利要求15至24任一项的方法,其中用式IX和式XII的化合物作为原料并进行所述的步骤7)至9),从而得到式I的外消旋的奈必洛尔。
- 一种制备右旋奈必洛尔(式Ia)的方法,该方法包括下列步骤:3’)将化合物IV1和IV2分别进行不对称环氧化反应得到化合物Va和VIa,其中R为羟基保护基,所述保护基选自烷基、卤代烷基、芳烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯丙基或硅保护基,例如t-BuMe2Si、t-BuPh2Si、(i-Pr)3Si、Et3Si、甲氧基甲基、苄基或-CH2Ar,其中Ar为未取代或取代的芳基,例如对甲氧基苯基或卤代苯基;4’)将中间体Va和VIa分别脱保护、环合得到中间体VIIa和VIIIa,其中R如上文所定义,5’)将中间体VIIa和VIIIa分别与式M-SO2X的磺酰卤化物(其中M是烷基或取代或未取代的芳基,X为卤素)在催化剂及碱存在下磺酰化,得到中间体IXa和Xa6’)将中间体IXa或中间体Xa与苄胺进行胺-烷基化反应,得到相应的化合物XIa或XIIa;7’)将中间体IXa和XIIa或中间体Xa和XIa在碱性条件下进行交叉偶联反应,得到中间体XIIIa,其中Ar’的定义与上文的M定义相同,以及任选地将中间体XIIIa转化为其盐酸盐,8’)将中间体XIIIa脱保护得到右旋奈必洛尔(式Ia)或者,将中间体XIIIa的盐酸盐通过碱中和而转化为游离的中间体XIIIa,然后脱保护得到右旋奈必洛尔(式Ia)。
- 一种制备左旋奈必洛尔(式Ib)的方法,该方法包括下列步骤:3”)将化合物IV1和IV2分别进行不对称环氧化反应得到化合物Vb和VIb,其中R为羟基保护基,所述保护基选自烷基、卤代烷基、芳烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯丙基或硅保护基,例如t-BuMe2Si、t-BuPh2Si、(i-Pr)3Si、Et3Si、甲氧基甲基、苄基或-CH2Ar,其中Ar为未取代或取代的芳基,例如对甲氧基苯基或卤代苯基,4”)将中间体Vb和VIb分别脱保护、环合得到中间体VIIb和VIIIb,其中R如上文所定义,5”)将中间体VIIb和VIIIb分别与式M-SO2X的磺酰卤化物(其中M是烷基或取代或未取代的芳基,X为卤素)在催化剂及碱存在下磺酰化,得到中间体IXb和Xb,6”)将中间体IXb或中间体Xb与苄胺进行胺-烷基化反应,得到中间体XIb或XIIb7”)将中间体IXb和XIIb或中间体Xb和XIb在碱性条件下进行交叉偶联反应,得到中间体XIIIb,其中Ar’的定义与上文的M定义相同,以及任选地将中间体XIIIb转化为其盐酸盐,8”)将中间体XIIIb脱保护得左旋奈必洛尔(式Ib)或者,将中间体XIIIb的盐酸盐通过碱中和而转化为游离的中间体XIIIb,然后脱保护得到左旋奈必洛尔(式Ib)。
- 根据权利要求27的方法,其中在步骤3’)中使用Sharpless不对称 环氧化反应,该反应采用的手性催化剂为D-(-)-酒石酸二乙酯或D-(-)-酒石酸二异丙酯,反应试剂为四异丙基氧钛、过氧叔丁醇或过氧化氢异丙苯,反应溶剂为二氯甲烷,在反应体系加入3A或4A分子筛。
- 根据权利要求28的方法,其中在步骤3”)中使用Sharpless不对称环氧化反应,该反应采用的手性催化剂为L-(+)-酒石酸二乙酯或L-(+)-酒石酸二异丙酯,反应试剂为四异丙基氧钛、过氧叔丁醇或过氧化氢异丙苯,反应溶剂为二氯甲烷,在反应体系加入3A或4A分子筛。
- 根据权利要求29或30的方法,其中在步骤4’)或步骤4”)中,可采用有机化学领域常用的方法脱去羟基保护基,例如在催化剂存在下的氢解反应脱除苄基保护基,然后再加碱环合;氢解反应中使用的催化剂为钯催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd;环合反应所用的碱选自碱金属和碱土金属的氢氧化物或碳酸盐、醇盐或者有机杂环碱,例如NaOH、KOH、K2CO3、NaOMe、DBU;或者脱保护和环合反应可采用在Pd/C为催化剂条件下的碱性氢解条件使脱除苄基保护基和环合反应同时进行,直接得到环合产物。
- 根据权利要求31的方法,其中在步骤5’)或步骤5”)中,磺酰化反应所使用的磺酰卤化物可以是芳基磺酰氯或取代的芳基磺酰氯或烷基磺酰氯,例如对甲苯磺酰氯、苯磺酰氯、对卤代苯磺酰氯、对硝基苯磺酰氯、邻硝基苯磺酰氯或甲基磺酰氯;反应中可以不使用催化剂或使用酰化催化剂,使用的催化剂可以是二烷基氧化锡类化合物、DMAP,例如二丁基氧化锡及2,2-二丁基-1,3,2-二氧杂锡杂环戊烷;反应中使用的碱可以是常用的有机碱,例如吡啶、有机叔胺,例如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、吡啶、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、DMF、DMA或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求31或32的方法,其中在步骤6’)或步骤6”)中,在步骤6’)或步骤6”)中,胺-烷基化反应以苄胺与相应的磺酸酯反应,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、 吡啶、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、DMF、DMA或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求31-33任一项的方法,其中在步骤7’)或步骤7”)中,交叉偶联反应中所使用的碱可选自无机碱,如K2CO3、Na2CO3,或有机叔胺,如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,反应溶剂为有机质子性溶剂,例如乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇,或者为有机极性非质子性溶剂,例如丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺,或上述溶剂的任何两种或两种以上的混合物。
- 根据权利要求31-34任一项的方法,其中在步骤8’)或步骤8”)中,脱保护反应所用的催化剂为Pd催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd,反应溶剂为醇、酯或醚,或上述溶剂的任何两种或两种以上的混合物,例如甲醇或乙醇。
- 根据权利要求31-35任一项的方法,其中:在步骤4’)或步骤4”)中,可采用有机化学领域常用的方法脱去羟基保护基,例如在催化剂存在下的氢解反应脱除苄基保护基,然后再加碱环合;氢解反应中使用的催化剂为钯催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd;环合反应所用的碱选自碱金属和碱土金属的氢氧化物或碳酸盐、醇盐或者有机杂环碱,例如NaOH、KOH、K2CO3、NaOMe、DBU;或者脱保护和环合反应可采用在Pd/C为催化剂条件下的碱性氢解条件使脱除苄基保护基和环合反应同时进行,直接得到环合产物;在步骤5’)或步骤5”)中,磺酰化反应所使用的磺酰卤化物可以是芳基磺酰氯或取代的芳基磺酰氯或烷基磺酰氯,例如对甲苯磺酰氯、苯磺酰氯、对卤代苯磺酰氯、对硝基苯磺酰氯、邻硝基苯磺酰氯或甲基磺酰氯;反应中使用的催化剂可以是二烷基氧化锡类化合物、DMAP,例如二丁基氧化锡及2,2-二丁基-1,3,2-二氧杂锡杂环戊烷;反应中使用的碱可以是常用的有机碱,例如吡啶、有机叔胺,例如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,反应溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、吡啶、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、DMF、DMA或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物;在步骤6’)或步骤6”)中,胺-烷基化以苄胺与相应的磺酸酯反应,反应 溶剂为有机非质子性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、吡啶、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、DMF、DMA或其任何两种或两种以上的混合物;在步骤7’)或步骤7”)中,交叉偶联反应中所使用的碱可选自无机碱,如K2CO3、Na2CO3,或有机叔胺,如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,反应溶剂为有机质子性溶剂,例如乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇,或者为有机极性非质子性溶剂,例如丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、四氢呋喃、二甲基甲酰胺,或上述溶剂的任何两种或两种以上的混合物;在步骤8’)或步骤8”)中,脱保护反应所用的催化剂为Pd催化剂,例如Pd/C、Pd(OH)2、Pd(OAc)2、PdCl2、Pd,反应溶剂为醇、酯或醚,或上述溶剂的任何两种或两种以上的混合物,例如甲醇或乙醇。
- 根据权利要求27-36任一项的方法,其中所述中间体XIIIa或中间体XIIIb转化为其盐酸盐的步骤是通过向中间体化合物中加入盐酸,例如1N盐酸,结晶,过滤后得到盐酸盐固体。
- 根据权利要求31至37任一项的方法,其中用式IXa和式XIIa的化合物作为原料并进行所述的步骤7’)至8’),从而得到式Ia的右旋奈必洛尔。
- 根据权利要求31至37任一项的方法,其中用式IXb和式XIIb的化合物作为原料并进行所述的步骤7”)至8”),从而得到式Ib的左旋奈必洛尔。
- 一种制备如权利要求40所述的任意比例的右旋奈必洛尔(式Ia)和左旋奈必洛尔(式Ib)的混合物的方法,该方法包括:(1)按照权利要求27-39任一项所述的方法分别制备右旋奈必洛尔(式Ia)和左旋奈必洛尔(式Ib),并将二者以任意比例混合;或者(2)按照权利要求27-37任一项所述的方法分别制备中间体XIIIa的盐酸盐和中间体XIIIb的盐酸盐,并将二者以任意比例混合,通过碱中和,然后使用所得混合物进行权利要求35所述的脱保护步骤;或者(3)按照权利要求27-37任一项所述的方法分别制备中间体XIIIa的盐酸盐和中间体XIIIb的盐酸盐,并将二者分别通过碱中和而得到游离的中间体XIIIa和游离的中间体XIIIb,然后将这两种游离的中间体以任意比例混合,随后使用所得混合物进行权利要求35所述的脱保护步骤。
- 化合物,其选自:1-苄氧基-2-溴甲基-4-氟苯,4-[(2-苄氧基-5-氟苯基)-丁炔-1-基]三甲基硅烷,1-(苄氧基)-2-(丁炔-3-基)-4-氟苯,5-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯基]戊-2-炔-1-醇,反式-5-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯基]戊-2-烯-1-醇,(2R*,3R*)-3-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯乙基]-2-羟基甲基-环氧乙烷,1-[6-氟-(2S*)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并吡喃-2-基]-(1R*)-1,2-乙二醇,顺式-5-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯基]戊-2-烯-1-醇,(2R*,3S*)-3-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯乙基]-2-羟基甲基-环氧乙烷,1-[6-氟-(2R*)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并吡喃-2-基]-(1R*)-1,2-乙二醇,(S*,R*)-(+/-)-α-[(对甲苯磺酰氧基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,(R*,R*)-(+/-)-α-[(对甲苯磺酰氧基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,(S*,R*)-(+/-)-α-[(苄基氨基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,(R*,R*)-(+/-)-α-[(苄基氨基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,(2R,3R)-3-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯乙基]-2-羟基甲基-环氧乙烷,(2S,3S)-3-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯乙基]-2-羟基甲基-环氧乙烷,(2R,3S)-3-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯乙基]-2-羟基甲基-环氧乙烷,(2S,3R)-3-[2-(苄氧基)-5-氟苯乙基]-2-羟基甲基-环氧乙烷,1-[6-氟-(2S)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并吡喃-2-基]-(1R)-1,2-乙二醇,1-[6-氟-(2R)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并吡喃-2-基]-(1S)-1,2-乙二醇,1-[6-氟-(2R)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并吡喃-2-基]-(1R)-1,2-乙二醇,1-[6-氟-(2S)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并吡喃-2-基]-(1S)-1,2-乙二醇,(S,R)-(+)-α-[(对甲苯磺酰氧基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,(R,R)-(-)-α-[(对甲苯磺酰氧基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,(R,S)-(-)-α-[(对甲苯磺酰氧基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,(S,S)-(+)-α-[(对甲苯磺酰氧基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,(S,R)-[(苄基氨基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇,或(R,S)-[(苄基氨基)甲基]-(6-氟-2-色满基)-甲醇。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10526304B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 | 2020-01-07 | Zhejiang Ausun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Nebivolol synthesis method and intermediate compound thereof |
US11142512B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 | 2021-10-12 | Zhejiang Ausun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Nebivolol synthesis method and intermediate compound thereof |
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US10526304B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
KR102529680B1 (ko) | 2023-05-09 |
EP3299364B1 (en) | 2021-10-20 |
EP3974419A2 (en) | 2022-03-30 |
CN113563295A (zh) | 2021-10-29 |
CN107531662B (zh) | 2021-08-06 |
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US20180141926A1 (en) | 2018-05-24 |
EP3299364A1 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
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EP3299364A4 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
US20220056003A1 (en) | 2022-02-24 |
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KR20230068441A (ko) | 2023-05-17 |
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