WO2016170842A1 - 液膜を有する構造体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
液膜を有する構造体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016170842A1 WO2016170842A1 PCT/JP2016/055436 JP2016055436W WO2016170842A1 WO 2016170842 A1 WO2016170842 A1 WO 2016170842A1 JP 2016055436 W JP2016055436 W JP 2016055436W WO 2016170842 A1 WO2016170842 A1 WO 2016170842A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid film
- liquid
- dispersion
- oil
- molded body
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/40—Applications of laminates for particular packaging purposes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/60—Salad dressings; Mayonnaise; Ketchup
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
- B65D1/0207—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
- B65D1/0207—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features
- B65D1/0215—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features multilayered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D23/00—Details of bottles or jars not otherwise provided for
- B65D23/02—Linings or internal coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/42—Applications of coated or impregnated materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
- B65D85/72—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a structure including a molded body and a liquid film formed on the surface thereof, and further relates to a method for manufacturing the structure.
- Containers that contain liquid contents are required to discharge the contents regardless of the material of the container.
- a low viscosity liquid such as water
- such discharge is hardly a problem.
- a viscous material such as mayonnaise or ketchup
- it may be a plastic container but glass. Whether it is a made container, this discharge is a serious problem. That is, such contents are not quickly discharged by tilting the container, and adhere to the container wall, and thus cannot be used up to the end. Especially, a considerable amount of contents are placed at the bottom of the container. Remains without being discharged.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 various techniques for improving slipperiness with respect to viscous substances by forming an oil film on the surface of a molded body such as a container have been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). According to such a technique, as compared with the case of adding an additive such as a lubricant to the synthetic resin forming the surface of the molded body, the slipping property can be drastically improved.
- the applicant of the present invention is a packaging container containing an oil-in-water emulsion typified by mayonnaise-like food, and an oil film is formed on the inner surface of the container in contact with the oil-in-water emulsion.
- a packaging container has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-151131).
- the effective life of the slipperiness exhibited by the oil film is short, and the slipperiness decreases after a long period of time.
- problems such as the contents sticking to the surface have occurred. This tendency is particularly noticeable when the material that slides on the surface is an emulsion, particularly a mayonnaise-like food with low oil content.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a release oil composed of a water-in-oil emulsion containing a liquid oil / fat component, animal and plant waxes and water. By spraying the release oil onto a container, bread, confectionery, etc. It has been shown that during baking, the dough can be prevented from sticking to the container.
- a liquid film is formed with such a release oil, the slipperiness is improved to some extent, but does not contribute much to the extension of the life of the slippery.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a structure comprising a molded body having a liquid film on the surface thereof and capable of continuously exhibiting slipperiness with respect to a viscous substance, particularly an emulsion, and a method for producing the same. It is in.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a structure which is used as a container in which a viscous substance, particularly an emulsion, is stored as a content, and has excellent slipperiness with respect to the emulsion, and a method for producing the structure.
- the present inventors conducted many experiments on the slipperiness with respect to the emulsion, and as a result of studying it, emulsification was performed by forming a liquid film on the surface of a molded product having various shapes with a dispersion composed of edible oil and water. As a result, the inventors have found that the slipperiness with respect to an object is high, and that the slipperiness can be stably exhibited over a long period of time, thereby completing the present invention.
- the liquid film is formed by a dispersion liquid in which an incompatible liquid is dispersed in a dispersion medium.
- the liquid film includes a first liquid film formed on the surface of the molded body and a second liquid film formed on the first liquid film.
- the second liquid film is formed by phase inversion of the dispersion of the first liquid film.
- the combination of the dispersion medium and the incompatible liquid is a combination of edible oil and water, or water and edible oil, (4)
- the molded body is a container, (5) The container contains an emulsion as a content, (6) The emulsion is a mayonnaise-like food, Is preferred.
- the manufacturing method characterized by including is provided. In this manufacturing method, a container is used as the molded body, and after the liquid film forming step, the container contents are filled before the dispersion medium and the incompatible liquid in the liquid film are separated into a liquid phase. It is desirable.
- a liquid film is formed on the inner surface by a dispersion liquid in which a dispersion medium (edible oil) and a liquid incompatible with the dispersion medium (water) are suspended and dispersed according to the present invention.
- the structure directly blow container
- the structure can be filled with mayonnaise-like food and stored at room temperature for 1 week, and then the entire content (mayonnaise-like food) can be discharged quickly (high initial slipperiness).
- a liquid film is formed by a dispersion obtained by dispersing water in edible oil
- excellent slipperiness and sustainability for the emulsion can be obtained.
- the present inventors presume as follows. That is, when a liquid film is formed only with oil such as edible oil, when the emulsion flows on the liquid film, the oil in the liquid film gradually diffuses into the emulsion on the liquid film, and the liquid film Disappears. For this reason, not only slipperiness becomes inadequate, but the slipperiness also falls with time.
- the liquid film is formed of an emulsion (a dispersion using an emulsifier typified by a surfactant).
- the water in the liquid film is stabilized by a surfactant (emulsifier), so it is stably present inside the liquid film, and the liquid film surface is formed of oil. It is thought that.
- the emulsion comes into contact with the oil component among the components forming the liquid film, and the oil component in the emulsion forming the liquid film is taken into the emulsion passing through the liquid film and disappears. As a result, the slipperiness decreases with time.
- the liquid film formed according to the present invention at least a part of the form of the liquid film changes from a dispersed form to a liquid phase form in which dispersed components are combined. Therefore, for example, when the liquid film is a dispersion of water and edible oil, the dispersion of the first liquid film (W / O type) in which the amount of the dispersion component (water) is small on the surface of the molded body over time, A second liquid film (O / W type) in which the dispersion of the first liquid film is phase-inverted is formed on the surface and distributed so as to be interposed between the molded body and the emulsion.
- the second liquid film has a function as a slipping improver (lubricant) for the emulsion and a function of suppressing the diffusion of oil in the liquid film into the emulsion. It is considered that the film has a function of maintaining the second liquid film on the surface and maintaining the liquid film on the surface of the molded body.
- a part of the dispersion is separated into a liquid phase to form a second liquid film, and the remaining dispersion is left as it is as a liquid film (first liquid film). ).
- the combination of edible oil (dispersion medium) and water (incompatible liquid) is not limited, for example, dispersion As the medium, an oily substance other than edible oil can be used, and as the incompatible liquid, an aqueous substance other than water can be used. Furthermore, the aqueous liquid is used as a dispersion medium and incompatible with this. It is also possible to use an oily liquid as the liquid.
- the dispersion forming the liquid film is a non-emulsifying type liquid consisting of a dispersion medium and a liquid incompatible with this, and contains an emulsifier such as a surfactant. Therefore, there is an advantage that it is advantageous in terms of cost.
- the schematic sectional side view for demonstrating the surface form of the structure of this invention The schematic sectional side view in which the viscous substance is contacting the structure of this invention.
- the structure of the present invention indicated as a whole by 10 is formed of a molded body 1 molded into a predetermined shape and a liquid film 3 formed on the surface thereof.
- the liquid film 3 is formed of a dispersion liquid in which an incompatible liquid (for example, water) is dispersed in a dispersion medium (for example, edible oil).
- the liquid film 3 is formed of a first liquid film 3a and a second liquid film 3b. That is, in the state where the viscous substance (emulsion) 5 is in contact with the structure 10 of the present invention, the second liquid film is formed on the viscous substance 5 side of the liquid film 3 formed by the dispersion. 3b exists.
- the liquid constituting the second liquid film 3b is a dispersion obtained by phase inversion of the dispersion of the first liquid film 3a on the molded body 1 side, which is incompatible with each other and does not mix with the viscous substance 5. It is preferable that the second liquid film 3b is formed by forming the second liquid film 3b, which is made of liquid, and in particular, water dispersed in the dispersion becomes a liquid phase to become a dispersion medium and finely disperse the edible oil.
- the viscous substance 5 varies depending on the nature of the viscous substance 5 when it slides from the molded body 1, but the viscous substance 5 slips away at the interface with the second liquid film 3 b. It is considered that the second liquid film 3b is separated and slipped on each of the liquid films 3.
- the material of the molded body 1 is not particularly limited as long as the liquid film 3 can be held on the surface thereof, and has a form according to the application by an arbitrary material such as resin, glass, or metal. If you do. From the viewpoint that excellent slipperiness is exhibited continuously for viscous substances, especially emulsions, pipes for flowing emulsions, containers containing emulsions, container lids, and the like are used.
- the liquid film 3 is preferably formed on the surface in contact with such an emulsion. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the liquid film 3 has the first liquid film 3a and the second liquid film 3b formed on the surface thereof.
- the surface of the molded body 1 (the lower ground of the liquid film 3) is most preferably made of a synthetic resin.
- Such a synthetic resin may be any moldable thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin, but generally it is easy to mold and the oil content in the liquid film. From the viewpoint that (edible oil) can be stably held, a thermoplastic resin is preferable. As such a thermoplastic resin, the following can be illustrated, for example.
- Olefin resins such as low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, poly 1-butene, poly 4-methyl-1-pentene or ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene Random or block copolymers, cyclic olefin copolymers, etc .; Ethylene / vinyl copolymers, such as ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene / vinyl chloride copolymer, etc .; Styrenic resin such as polystyrene, acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer, ABS, ⁇ -methylstyrene / styrene copolymer, etc .; Vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride / vinylidene chloride copolymers, polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl methacryl
- thermoplastic resins described above olefin resins and polyester resins used as container materials for storing viscous contents are suitable, and olefin resins are optimal. That is, an olefin resin has a glass transition point (Tg) lower than that of a polyester resin such as PET, and has a high molecular mobility at room temperature. It is optimal in that it penetrates into the surface and keeps it stably on the surface. Furthermore, the olefin resin has high flexibility and is also used for a squeeze bottle (squeeze bottle) by direct blow molding described later. From the viewpoint of applying the present invention to such a container, the olefin resin is also used. Resin is suitable.
- the molded body 1 may have a single layer structure of the thermoplastic resin as described above, or may be a laminate of the thermoplastic resin and paper, or a plurality of thermoplastic resins. May have a multi-layer structure in which are combined.
- the molded body 1 has the form of a container
- the inner surface is formed of an olefin resin or a polyester resin
- an oxygen barrier layer or an oxygen is appropriately interposed as an intermediate layer through an adhesive resin layer. It is possible to adopt a structure in which an absorption layer is laminated and a resin of the same type as a base resin (olefin resin or polyester resin) that forms the inner surface is laminated on the outer surface side.
- the oxygen barrier layer in such a multilayer structure is formed of, for example, an oxygen barrier resin such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or polyamide. As long as the oxygen barrier property is not impaired, Other thermoplastic resins may be blended.
- the oxygen absorbing layer is a layer containing an oxidizing polymer and a transition metal catalyst, as described in JP-A No. 2002-240813, etc., and the oxidizing polymer is oxygenated by the action of the transition metal catalyst. As a result, the oxygen is absorbed and the permeation of oxygen is blocked.
- an oxidizable polymer and a transition metal catalyst are described in detail in the above-mentioned JP-A No.
- oxidizable polymer examples include Olefin resins having tertiary carbon atoms (eg, polypropylene, polybutene-1, etc., or copolymers thereof), thermoplastic polyesters or aliphatic polyamides; xylylene group-containing polyamide resins; ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polymers ( For example, a polymer derived from a polyene such as butadiene).
- the inorganic salt, organic acid salt, or complex salt of transition metals, such as iron, cobalt, and nickel are typical.
- Adhesive resins used for bonding the layers are known per se, for example, olefin resins graft-modified with carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid or their anhydrides, amides, esters, etc .; An ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer; an ion-crosslinked olefin copolymer; an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; and the like are used as the adhesive resin.
- the thickness of each layer described above may be set to an appropriate thickness according to the characteristics required for each layer.
- a ligide layer as an inner layer in which scraps such as burrs generated when molding a multilayer structure as described above are blended with a virgin resin such as an olefin resin.
- a virgin resin such as an olefin resin.
- the outer surface can be formed of polyester resin or olefin resin.
- the liquid film 3 provided on the surface of the molded body 1 as described above is formed from a dispersion in which an incompatible liquid is dispersed in a dispersion medium.
- the dispersion forming the liquid film of the present invention includes hydrocarbon liquids such as liquid paraffin, fluorine liquid, silicone oil, edible oil, etc. as the dispersion medium, and is used as an incompatible liquid in this dispersion medium. Any liquid can be used as long as it does not mix with the dispersion medium, and examples thereof include ionic liquid and water.
- the viscosity ⁇ 1 of the dispersion medium is larger than the viscosity ⁇ 2 of the incompatible liquid in order to give the dispersion a suitable dispersion stability.
- the combination of edible oil and water and water and edible oil is preferable.
- edible oil is a non-volatile liquid with a low vapor pressure under atmospheric pressure and has a reasonably high viscosity, so that it does not easily flow down from the surface of the molded body 1 and has a particularly low contact angle with an olefin resin. It has the advantage that it easily spreads on the surface formed of the olefin-based resin and does not cause any problems even when it comes into contact with food such as mayonnaise-like food.
- examples of such edible oils include soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, rice oil, corn oil, ben flower oil, sesame oil, palm oil, castor oil, avocado oil, coconut oil, almond oil, walnut oil, sandwich oil, A salad oil etc. can be illustrated and these can also be mixed and used.
- a material having a small contact angle at room temperature (25 ° C.) with respect to the surface for example, 38 ° or less, particularly 25 ° or less is selected and used It is preferable to do.
- it may be easily compatible (mixed) with substances that pass over the liquid film 3, but in such cases, substances that pass over the liquid film 3 from other edible oils. What is necessary is just to select and use what is not compatible.
- the edible oils exemplified above are all incompatible with mayonnaise-like foods.
- the dispersion composed of edible oil and water should contain at least two components.
- the amount of water is too small, the effect of improving the slipperiness of the emulsion by the dispersed water and the effect of sustaining the slippery can be obtained.
- the amount of water is too large, it is difficult to hold the dispersion on the surface of the molded body 1 and it is difficult to form the liquid film 3. Therefore, the range of 11 to 900 parts by weight, particularly 43 to 400 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of edible oil is preferable.
- the dispersion liquid in which edible oil and water are dispersed is a strong stirring using a homogenizer, ultrasonic waves are applied to the mixed liquid, water is injected through an orifice into a pipe in which the edible oil flows, etc. It can be easily prepared by this method. Moreover, since this dispersion liquid is not an emulsion, it is necessary to apply
- the above dispersion used in the present invention is not an emulsion but a simple dispersion that has not been emulsified, and thus separates over time. However, as will be described later, it has been confirmed that the stability is very high and the separation is not complete for about 24 hours, and particularly, the separation is not performed for about 18 hours.
- the above liquid film 3 is generally formed on the surface of the molded body 1 at a thickness of the liquid amount is 1.48 ⁇ 3.70mg / cm 2 or so, less a small and liquid volume than 1.48 mg / cm 2
- a thickness of the liquid amount is 1.48 ⁇ 3.70mg / cm 2 or so, less a small and liquid volume than 1.48 mg / cm 2
- the structure 10 of the present invention having the above-described surface structure is excellent in slipperiness and sustainability with respect to the emulsion, it is effectively applied to an application in which the emulsion flows in contact with the liquid film 3. It is optimal that the emulsion is used as a container, that is, that the molded body 1 has the shape of a container in that the advantages of the present invention can be enjoyed to the maximum.
- the shape of the container is not particularly limited, and may have a shape corresponding to the container material, such as a cup or cup shape, a bottle shape, a bag shape (pouch), a syringe shape, an acupoint shape, or a tray shape, and is stretch-molded. It may be.
- the pre-formed body having the above-described surface is formed by a method known per se, and this is applied to a vacuum such as affixing a film by heat sealing or plug assist molding.
- a molded body 1 having the shape of a container is prepared by post-processing such as molding and blow molding, and a dispersion liquid in which water is dispersed in edible oil is sprayed to form a target liquid film 3 on the inner surface of the container. Can be formed.
- FIG. 3 shows a direct blow bottle which is the most preferable form of the structure 10 of the present invention.
- this structure generally indicated by 10 is used as a bottle, and includes a neck 11 provided with a thread, a trunk wall 15 connected to the neck 11 via a shoulder 13, and a lower end of the trunk wall 15.
- the bottom wall 17 is closed, and the liquid film 3 described above is formed on the inner surface of such a bottle.
- the structure 10 of the present invention described above is excellent in slipperiness with respect to the emulsion, and as such an emulsion, an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion in which oil droplets are dispersed in water, There are water-in-oil type (W / O type) in which water droplets are dispersed in oil.
- O / W oil-in-water
- W / O type water-in-oil type
- it can be applied to various emulsions from high lipid foods called mayonnaise to low lipid mayonnaise foods. Can do.
- the emulsion with less oil content has a tendency that the effect of improving the slipperiness is difficult to obtain, and the slippage tends to decrease with time.
- the present invention exhibits excellent slipperiness and durability, it is most preferable to apply the present invention to a low lipid emulsion.
- the present invention is most preferably applied.
- a multilayer direct blow bottle having a multilayer structure having the following layer structure and having an internal capacity of 400 g was provided.
- Inner layer Low density polyethylene resin (LDPE)
- Intermediate layer ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)
- Outer layer Low density polyethylene resin (LDPE)
- Adhesive layer (between inner and outer layers and intermediate layer): acid-modified polyolefin
- Edible oil Medium chain fatty acid added salad oil (viscosity 33 mPa ⁇ s (25 ° C), contact angle 18 degrees)
- Water Pure water The amount of edible oil and water shown in Table 1 is finely dispersed at 25 ° C using a homogenizer to prepare a dispersion, and the prescribed coating amount is uniformly applied to the inner surface of the container using air spray. It applied so that it might become.
- the evaluation method of slipperiness using the contents of each example and each comparative example is as follows. ⁇ Slippery evaluation> The spray nozzle was inserted into the bottle to the bottom, and it was applied to the entire side wall from the bottom of the bottle by pulling up while spraying the dispersion. A bottle with a dispersion formed on the inner surface of the container is filled with 400 g of mayonnaise-like food, which is the contents, and the bottle mouth is heat sealed with aluminum foil and sealed with a cap to obtain a filled bottle. It was. The filled bottle filled with the contents was stored at 23 ° C. for 1 week (initial bottle).
- Examples 1 to 7 A dispersion obtained by dispersing water in edible oil was applied to the molded bottle at the water dispersion ratio and coating amount shown in Table 1, and the slipperiness was evaluated.
- Example 1 The edible oil used for the dispersion was applied to the molded bottle with the application amount shown in Table 1, and the slipperiness was evaluated.
- Comparative Example 2 In a molded bottle, 3 g of wood wax and 70 g of water as emulsifiers were mixed and emulsified at 80 ° C. with 100 g of edible oil, and the solution returned to room temperature (25 ° C.) was applied in the coating amount shown in Table 1. The slipperiness was evaluated.
- Example 1 100 ml of the dispersion used in Example 1 described above was placed in a beaker, the degree of separation over time was visually confirmed, and a photograph showing the state of the dispersion over time is shown in FIG. The ratio of the separated cooking oil and water (dispersion medium) is shown.
- Molded body 3 Liquid film 10: Structure 11: Neck part 13: Shoulder part 15: Body wall 17: Bottom wall
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Abstract
Description
かかる技術によれば、成形体表面を形成する合成樹脂に滑剤などの添加剤を加える場合に比して、滑り性を飛躍的に高めることができるため、現在注目されている。
また、本出願人は、先に、マヨネーズ様食品に代表される水中油型乳化物が収容された包装容器であって、該水中油型乳化物が接触する容器内面に油膜が形成されている包装容器を提案している(特開2015-151131号)。
しかるに、本発明者等の実験によると、このような離型油により液膜を形成した場合、滑り性はある程度向上するものの、滑り性の長寿命化にはあまり寄与していない。
本発明の他の目的は、粘稠な物質、特に乳化物が内容物として収容される容器として使用され、かかる乳化物に対する滑り性に優れた構造体及びその製造方法を提供することにある。
(1)前記液膜は、前記成形体表面に形成された第1液膜と、該第1液膜上に形成された第2液膜とからなること、
(2)前記第2液膜は、前記第1液膜の分散液の転相により形成されたものであること、
(3)前記分散媒と前記非相溶性液体との組み合わせが、食用油と水、または水と食用油との組み合わせであること、
(4)前記成形体が容器であること、
(5)前記容器が、乳化物を内容物として収容されること、
(6)前記乳化物が、マヨネーズ様食品であること、
が好ましい。
分散媒に非相溶性液体を分散して分散液を調製する分散液調製工程;
前記分散液を、前記分散媒と非相溶性液体とが液相に分離する前に、該成形体の表面に塗布することにより、該分散液からなる液膜を形成する液膜形成工程;
を含むことを特徴する製造方法提供される。
かかる製造方法においては、前記成形体として容器を使用し、前記液膜形成工程後、該液膜中の分散媒と非相溶性液体とが液相に分離する前に、容器内容物を充填することが望ましい。
例えば、後述する実施例1によれば、本発明にしたがって分散媒(食用油)に分散媒と非相溶性の液体(水)を懸濁分散させた分散液により液膜が内面に形成されている構造体(ダイレクトブロー容器)では、マヨネーズ様食品を充填し、常温にて1週間保管後、速やかに内容物(マヨネーズ様食品)のほぼ全量を排出させることができる(初期滑り性が高い)。しかも、この内容物を充填し、常温1週間保管した後、高温にて約2ヶ月経過後においても、初期と同様、内容物のほぼ全量を排出することができる(経時滑り性も高い)。
これに対して、水を使用せず、食用油のみで液膜を形成した比較例1では、ある程度の初期滑り性を示しているが、上記と同様の期間経過後の経時滑り性は、大きく低下し、容器内に残存する内容物量が多くなっている。
また、界面活性剤を用いて、食用油と水とのエマルジョン(油中水型乳化物)を調製し、このエマルジョンにより液膜が内面に形成されている比較例2では、初期滑り性や経時滑り性の何れも、食用油のみによって液膜を形成した場合とほぼ同等であり、水を食用油に分散させた分散液によって液膜が形成されている本発明と比較すると、経時滑り性はかなり劣っている。
即ち、食用油等の油分のみで液膜を形成した場合、この液膜上を乳化物が流れると、液膜中の油分が液膜上の乳化物中に徐々に拡散していき、液膜が消失していく。このため、滑り性が不十分となるばかりか、その滑り性も経時と共に低下していく。これは、液膜をエマルジョン(界面活性剤に代表される乳化剤を用いた分散液)によって形成した場合も同様である。即ち、エマルジョンからなる液膜においては、液膜中の水は界面活性剤(乳化剤)によって安定化されているため、安定して液膜内部に存在することとなり、液膜表面は、油分で形成されていると考えられる。この場合、乳化物は液膜を形成している成分のうち、油分と接触することとなり、液膜を形成しているエマルジョン中の油分が液膜上を通過する乳化物中に取り込まれて消失していき、この結果、滑り性は経時と共に低下していくこととなる。
そして、本発明で用いている液膜は、上記のように、分散液が一部液相に分離して第2液膜を形成し、残りの分散液はそのまま液膜(第1の液膜)に残る。この場合、成形体表面の第1液膜中には、第2液膜のマトリクスを形成する成分が残存しているため(分散液の全てが液相に分離しているものではない)、第1液膜と第2液膜との界面張力は小さくなるため、第1液膜が第2液膜を維持しやすくなっているものと推察される。
このような液膜間の界面張力の低下も、乳化物と接触した際に液膜が乳化物に取り込まれず、滑り性が長期間にわたって安定に発揮されることに寄与していると考えられる。
かかる構造体10では、図2に示されているように、この液膜3は、第1液膜3aと第2液膜3bから形成されている。即ち、本発明の構造体10上に粘稠な物質(乳化物)5が接触してした状態において、分散液により形成された液膜3の粘稠な物質5側には、第2液膜3bが存在する。この第2液膜3bを構成する液体は、成形体1側の第1液膜3aの分散液が転相した分散液で、互いに非相溶であり、さらに粘稠な物質5に混ざり合わない液体からなり、特に分散液に分散させた水が液相となって分散媒となり食用油が微分散して第2液膜3bを形成することが好適である。そして、粘調な物質5は、成形体1から滑る際、粘調な物質5の性質によって異なるが、第2液膜3bとの界面にて剥離するように滑ったり、粘調な物質5と液膜3のそれぞれに第2液膜3bが分離されて滑ったりしていると考えられる。
粘稠な物質、特に、乳化物に対して、持続して優れた滑り性が発揮されるという観点から、乳化物を流すための配管や乳化物が収容された容器や容器蓋などの形態を有していることが好適であり、このような乳化物と接触する面に、上記の液膜3が形成されていることが好適である。さらに、液膜3は、第1液膜3aと、その表面に第2液膜3bが形成されていることが、より好適である。
このような熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、以下のものを例示することができる。
オレフィン系樹脂、例えば、低密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ1-ブテン、ポリ4-メチル-1-ペンテンあるいはエチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン等のα-オレフィン同士のランダムあるいはブロック共重合体、環状オレフィン共重合体など;
エチレン・ビニル系共重合体、例えば、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体、エチレン・塩化ビニル共重合体等;
スチレン系樹脂、例えば、ポリスチレン、アクリロニトリル・スチレン共重合体、ABS、α-メチルスチレン・スチレン共重合体等;
ビニル系樹脂、例えば、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、塩化ビニル・塩化ビニリデン共重合体、ポリアクリル酸メチル、ポリメタクリル酸メチル等;
ポリアミド樹脂、例えば、ナイロン6、ナイロン6-6、ナイロン6-10、ナイロン11、ナイロン12等;
ポリエステル樹脂、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、及びこれらの共重合ポリエステル等;
ポリカーボネート樹脂;
ポリフエニレンオキサイド樹脂;
生分解性樹脂、例えば、ポリ乳酸など;
勿論、成形性が損なわれない限り、これらの熱可塑性樹脂のブレンド物を、下地樹脂として使用することもできる。
即ち、オレフィン系樹脂は、PET等のポリエステル樹脂と比較してガラス転移点(Tg)が低く、室温下での分子の運動性が高いため油膜を形成する成分中の食用油の一部が内部に浸透し、これを表面に安定に保持するという点で最適である。
さらに、オレフィン系樹脂は、可撓性が高く、後述するダイレクトブロー成形による絞り出し容器(スクイズボトル)の用途にも使用されており、本発明をこのような容器に適用するという観点からもオレフィン系樹脂は適している。
また、酸素吸収層は、特開2002-240813号等に記載されているように、酸化性重合体及び遷移金属系触媒を含む層であり、遷移金属系触媒の作用により酸化性重合体が酸素による酸化を受け、これにより、酸素を吸収して酸素の透過を遮断する。このような酸化性重合体及び遷移金属系触媒は、上記の特開2002-240813号等に詳細に説明されているので、その詳細は省略するが、酸化性重合体の代表的な例は、第3級炭素原子を有するオレフィン系樹脂(例えばポリプロピレンやポリブテン-1等、或いはこれらの共重合体)、熱可塑性ポリエステル若しくは脂肪族ポリアミド;キシリレン基含有ポリアミド樹脂;エチレン系不飽和基含有重合体(例えばブタジエン等のポリエンから誘導される重合体);などである。また、遷移金属系触媒としては、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル等の遷移金属の無機塩、有機酸塩或いは錯塩が代表的である。
上述した各層の厚みは、各層に要求される特性に応じて、適宜の厚みに設定されればよい。
本発明の液膜を形成する分散液は、分散媒として、流動パラフィンなどの炭化水素系液体、フッ素系液体、シリコーンオイル、食用油などがあげられ、この分散媒に非相溶性液体として、用いる分散媒と混ざり合わない性質があれば、任意の液体を用いることができるが、例えば、イオン液体、水などがあげられる。この際、分散液に適度な分散安定性を持たせるために、分散媒の粘度η1を非相溶性液体の粘度η2よりも大きく設定しておくことが好適である。また、分散媒と非相溶性液体として、食用油と水、水と食用油の組み合わせが好ましい。
このような食用油としては、大豆油、菜種油、オリーブオイル、米油、コーン油、べに花油、ごま油、パーム油、ひまし油、アボガド油、ココナッツ油、アーモンド油、クルミ油、はしばみ油、サラダ油等を例示することができ、これらは、混合して使用することも可能である。
特に、液膜3の下地となる成形体1の表面に応じて、その表面に対する室温(25℃)での接触角が小さいもの、例えば38度以下、特に25度以下のものを選択し、使用することが好ましい。
また、食用油の種類によっては、液膜3上を通過する物質と相溶(混和)し易いことがあるが、このような場合は、他の食用油から、液膜3上を通過する物質と相溶しないものを選択して使用すればよい。特に、上記で例示した食用油は、マヨネーズ様食品に対しても何れも非相溶性である。
また、かかる分散液は、乳化物ではないため、食用油と水が液相に分離しない内に、成形体1の表面に塗布して液膜3を形成することが必要である。分散液の塗布手段としては、通常、スプレー噴霧が好適に採用される。分散液が小さな液滴状で成形体1の表面に形成されるため、短時間でのそれぞれの液相への分離を有効に抑制することができるからである。
図3において、全体として10で示されるこの構造体は、ボトルとして使用され、螺条を備えた首部11、肩部13を介して首部11に連なる胴部壁15及び胴部壁15の下端を閉じている底壁17を有しており、このようなボトルの内面に前述した液膜3が形成されることとなる。
しかるに、本発明者等の実験によると、油分の少ない乳化物ほど、滑り性向上効果が得にくく、しかも滑り性の経時低下が大きい傾向が有り、本発明は、このような乳化物に対しても、優れた滑り性と持続性とを示すため、低脂質の乳化物に本発明を適用することが最も好ましい。
各実施例、比較例にて使用した容器、分散液、内容物は次のとおりである。
下記の層構成を有する多層構造を有し、且つ内容量400gの多層ダイレクトブローボトルを供した。
内層:低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(LDPE)
中間層:エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(EVOH)
外層:低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(LDPE)
接着層(内外層と中間層との間):酸変性ポリオレフィン
食用油:中鎖脂肪酸添加サラダ油
(粘度33mPa・s(25℃)、接触角18度)
水:純水
表1に示す量の食用油と水を、ホモジナイザーを用いて25℃で微分散化させて分散液を調製し、規定の塗布量を、エアースプレーを用いて容器の内面に均一となるように塗布した。
接触角;
容器内面を上面にして分散液に使用した食用油を10mg落とし、20℃、50%RH、接触角計(協和界面科学(株)社DropMaster700)にて測定した。
粘度;
食用油の粘度は、ビーカーに入れた液体に、B型デジタル粘度計のスピンドルとガードを入れ、25℃、回転数10回/分でスピンドルを1分間回転させ、粘度測定を行った。
卵1個(50g)と酢15ccと塩2.5ccを混ぜた後、さらに食用油150ccを混ぜ合わせて、実験用のマヨネーズ様食品を作成した。各実施例、比較例では、必要量の内容物を作成して使用した。
<滑り性評価>
ボトル内に、噴霧ノズルを底まで挿入し、分散液を噴霧しながら引き上げることによりボトル底部から側壁全面に塗布した。この容器内面に分散液が形成されているボトル内に、内容物であるマヨネーズ様食品を常法で400g充填し、ボトル口部をアルミ箔でヒートシールし、キャップで密封して充填ボトルを得た。
内容物が充填された充填ボトルを23℃で1週間保管した(初期ボトル)。
初期ボトルを、表1に示す各保管期間・温度にて更に保管したボトルについて、胴部を押し、ボトル口部を通して内容物を最後まで搾り出した後、このボトル内に空気を入れ形状を復元させた。
次いで、このボトルを倒立(口部を下側)にして1時間保管した後のボトル胴部壁の内容物滑り性の程度(胴部壁に内容物が付着していない程度)を測定し、次の式で内容物付着率を計算した。
内容物付着率(%)
=(内容物が付着している表面積/ボトル胴部壁表面積)×100
上記で計算された内容物付着率から、滑り性を次の基準で評価した。
○:内容物付着率が10%未満
△:内容物付着率が10%以上で50%未満
×:内容物付着率が50%以上
成形したボトルに、食用油中に水を分散させた分散液を、表1中の水分散の比率、塗布量で塗布し、滑り性を評価した。
〔比較例1〕
成形したボトルに、分散液に用いた食用油を、表1中の塗布量で塗布し、滑り性を評価した。
〔比較例2〕
成形したボトルに、食用油100gに対して、乳化剤として木蝋3g、水70gを、80℃にて混合して乳化させて室温(25℃)に戻した液を、表1中の塗布量で塗布し、滑り性を評価した。
上述した実施例1に用いた分散液100mlをビーカーに入れ、経時による分離程度を目視で確認すると共に、経時ごとの分散液の状態を示す写真を図4に示し、表2に、経時での分離した食用油と水(分散媒)の比率を示す。
3:液膜
10:構造体
11:首部
13:肩部
15:胴部壁
17:底壁
Claims (9)
- 所定形状の成形体と、その表面に形成されている液膜とを有する構造体において、該液膜は、分散媒に非相溶性液体が分散された分散液により形成されていることを特徴とする構造体。
- 前記液膜は、前記成形体表面に形成された第1液膜と、該第1液膜上に形成された第2液膜とからなる請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記第2液膜は、前記第1液膜の分散液の転相により形成されたものである請求項2に記載の構造体。
- 前記分散媒と前記非相溶性液体との組み合わせが、食用油と水、または水と食用油との組み合わせである請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記成形体が容器である請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記容器が、乳化物を内容物として収容される請求項5に記載の構造体。
- 前記乳化物が、マヨネーズ様食品である請求項6に記載の構造体。
- 所定形状の成形体と、その表面に形成されている液膜とを有する構造体を製造する方法において、
分散媒に非相溶性液体を分散して分散液を調製する分散液調製工程;
前記分散液を、前記分散媒と非相溶性液体とが液相に分離する前に、該成形体の表面に塗布することにより、該分散液からなる液膜を形成する液膜形成工程;
を含むことを特徴する製造方法。 - 前記成形体として容器を使用し、前記液膜形成工程後、該液膜中の分散媒と非相溶性液体とが液相に分離する前に、容器内容物を充填する請求項8に記載の製造方法。
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