WO2016152967A1 - 摺動部品および摺動構造体 - Google Patents
摺動部品および摺動構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016152967A1 WO2016152967A1 PCT/JP2016/059355 JP2016059355W WO2016152967A1 WO 2016152967 A1 WO2016152967 A1 WO 2016152967A1 JP 2016059355 W JP2016059355 W JP 2016059355W WO 2016152967 A1 WO2016152967 A1 WO 2016152967A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sliding component used in various sliding environments such as an oil ring and a cam lobe incorporated in an internal combustion engine. Then, the present invention relates to a sliding structure such as an internal combustion engine configured by incorporating these sliding parts.
- sliding parts constituting sliding structures such as oil rings, cam lobes, tappets, piston pins, cylinder liners, mission gears, thrust plates and vanes, which are constituent parts of internal combustion engines, are made of JIS steel as the material.
- SUJ2 and SKD11 which have been used have been used.
- SKD11 is a steel type that can achieve a high hardness of 60 HRC or higher by quenching and tempering, and also has abundant carbides in the structure, and therefore has excellent wear resistance.
- die die which gave the sliding characteristic (self-lubrication characteristic) excellent in the raw material and improved abrasion resistance by improving the component composition of the raw material is proposed (patent document 1).
- the press die disclosed in Patent Document 1 has excellent wear resistance due to its self-lubricating properties. However, it has not been considered to apply the material of the press die of Patent Document 1 to the components of the internal combustion engine.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding part having excellent wear resistance. And it is providing the sliding structure which comprised this sliding component.
- the present invention in mass%, C: 0.7-1.6%, Si: 0.5-3.0%, Mn: 0.1-3.0%, P: 0.05% or less, S : 0.01 to 0.12%, Ni: 0.3 to 1.5%, Cr: 7.0 to 13.0%, one or two of Mo and W: (Mo + 1 / 2W)
- Mo + 1 / 2W 0.5 to 1.7%
- Al 0.10 to 0.70%
- Nb 0 to 0.30 %
- Remaining Fe and impurities and a hardness of 52 HRC or more and less than 58 HRC.
- the present invention is configured such that the above-described sliding component of the present invention slides with the sliding surface of the mating component in an environment where lubricating oil is present on the sliding surface of the sliding component. It is a sliding structure characterized by these.
- the wear resistance of the sliding part can be improved.
- the sliding component of the present invention is, in mass%, C: 0.7 to 1.6%, Si: 0.5 to 3.0%, Mn: 0.1 to 3.0%, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.01 to 0.12%, Ni: 0.3 to 1.5%, Cr: 7.0 to 13.0%, one or two of Mo and W : 0.5 to 1.7% in the relational expression of (Mo + 1 / 2W), V: 0 to 0.70%, Cu: 0.1 to 1.0%, Al: 0.10 to 0.70%, Nb: 0 to 0.30%, balance Fe and impurity components.
- the sliding component of the present invention is characterized by “co-addition of S and Cu” which greatly contributes to the expression of the self-lubricating property.
- S and Cu are elements that are not actively added in most steel materials because they are elements that inhibit the hot workability of steel materials.
- the effect of the component composition of the sliding component of the present invention will be described.
- C 0.7 to 1.6% by mass (hereinafter simply referred to as “%”)
- C is an element that dissolves in the base and imparts strength to the sliding component. Moreover, it is an element which forms carbide and enhances the wear resistance and seizure resistance of the sliding component.
- C is set to 0.7 to 1.6%. Preferably it is 0.9% or more. Moreover, Preferably it is 1.3% or less. More preferably, the content is 1.1% or less.
- Si is an element that improves the high-temperature softening characteristics of the sliding component.
- Si is 0.5 to 3.0%.
- it is 0.9% or more.
- it is preferably 2.0% or less. More preferably, it is 1.5% or less. More preferably, it is 1.1% or less.
- Mn is an element that enhances hardenability. However, if too much, the machinability deteriorates. Therefore, Mn is set to 0.1 to 3.0%. Preferably it is 0.3% or more. More preferably, it is 0.4% or more. Further, it is preferably 1.0% or less. More preferably, it is 0.6% or less.
- P is an element contained inevitably even if it does not usually add. And it is an element which inhibits the toughness of a sliding component. Therefore, it is made 0.05% or less. Preferably it is 0.03% or less. More preferably, the content is 0.02% or less.
- ⁇ S: 0.01-0.12% S is an element that contributes to the improvement of the self-lubricating property of the sliding component of the present invention together with Cu described later.
- This inventor investigated the phenomenon which has arisen on the sliding surface, when the sliding component which has the component composition of patent document 1 was used in the environment where lubricating oil intervened in the sliding surface. As a result, during this use, when the sliding surfaces of the sliding part and the mating part come into contact with each other at such a high surface pressure that the seizure occurs, organic components in the lubricating oil adsorbed on the sliding surface of the sliding part Has been dehydrogenated, and this has been found to change to substances such as diamond and graphite.
- graphite intercalation compounds having a structure in which sulfate ions or sulfuric acid molecules are periodically sandwiched improve the self-lubricating properties of the sliding parts, so It was found that the friction coefficient can be kept low.
- S in the sliding part is oxidized on the sliding surface in use to generate sulfate ions.
- the generated sulfate ions are sandwiched between the graphite layers to promote the formation of the graphite intercalation compound.
- the generated sulfate ions combine with the hydrogen ions generated by the dehydrogenation of the lubricating oil to form sulfuric acid molecules, which are sandwiched between the graphite layers to promote the formation of the graphite intercalation compounds. .
- This increases the interplanar spacing of the graphite in the C-axis direction, suppresses the graphite from undergoing an allotropic transformation into diamond in a nano-level state, increases the degree of freedom of sliding, and improves the lubricity.
- S is set to 0.01 to 0.12%. Preferably it is 0.03% or more. More preferably, it is 0.04% or more. More preferably, it is 0.05% or more. Moreover, Preferably it is 0.09% or less. More preferably, it is 0.08% or less.
- Ni is an element that contributes to the maintenance of the hardness of the sliding component by binding to Al, which will be described later, in the quenching and tempering process, thereby precipitating a Ni—Al intermetallic compound.
- Ni is set to 0.3 to 1.5%.
- it is 0.4% or more.
- it is preferably 1.0% or less. More preferably, it is 0.8% or less. More preferably, it is 0.6% or less.
- Cr is an element that enhances the hardenability of the base. Moreover, it is an element which forms the above-mentioned C and a carbide
- Mo and W are elements that form fine carbides in the structure after quenching and tempering and impart fatigue strength to the sliding component. However, if too much, machinability and toughness are reduced. Mo and W can be added alone or in combination. The addition amount at this time can be defined together by the relational expression of (Mo + 1 / 2W) since W is an atomic weight approximately twice that of Mo.
- the value of (Mo + 1 / 2W) is 0.5 to 1.7%. Preferably it is 0.7% or more. More preferably, it is 0.9% or more. More preferably, it is 1.0% or more. Further, it is preferably 1.5% or less. More preferably, it is 1.3% or less. More preferably, it is 1.2% or less.
- V can be contained for improving hardenability.
- V forms hard VC carbide, the inclusion of excess V inhibits machinability. Therefore, in the present invention, even when V is contained, the content is made 0.70% or less.
- it is 0.50% or less. More preferably, it is 0.30% or less. More preferably, it is 0.20% or less.
- Cu 0.1 to 1.0%
- Cu is an element that contributes to the improvement of the self-lubricating characteristics of the sliding component of the present invention. That is, Cu is an element that exhibits a catalytic action for producing the above-mentioned “graphite intercalation compound”. Cu can deposit a very small amount on the sliding surface of the sliding part after quenching and tempering. Then, Cu deposited on the sliding surface has a function of a catalyst that promotes the formation of the above-mentioned “graphite intercalation compound”. However, when Cu is contained excessively, red hot embrittlement of the material is caused and hot workability is deteriorated. Therefore, Cu is made 0.1 to 1.0%. Preferably it is 0.2% or more. More preferably, it is 0.3% or more. Further, it is preferably 0.8% or less. More preferably, it is 0.6% or less. More preferably, it is 0.5% or less.
- Al is an element that combines with the above Ni to form a Ni—Al-based intermetallic compound and contributes to maintaining the hardness of the sliding component.
- Al is made 0.10 to 0.70%.
- it is 0.15% or more. More preferably, it is 0.25% or more.
- it is 0.50% or less. More preferably, it is 0.45% or less.
- Nb like V
- Nb can be contained to improve hardenability.
- excessive Nb content inhibits machinability. Therefore, in the present invention, even when Nb is contained, the content is made 0.30% or less. Preferably it is 0.20% or less. More preferably, it is 0.15% or less.
- a preferable content for obtaining the above effect is 0.03% or more. More preferably, it is 0.05% or more. More preferably, it is 0.07% or more.
- the self-lubricating property of the sliding component of the present invention is exhibited by utilizing the “deformation behavior due to friction” of the lubricating oil present on the sliding surface. Therefore, in order to develop the self-lubricating characteristics according to the present invention, it is only necessary to intervene with a counterpart component in use, for example, a hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil. Material) can be selected.
- the sliding component of the present invention has a hardness of 52 HRC or more and less than 58 HRC.
- the conventional sliding component has been adjusted to a hardness of 60 HRC or higher.
- the sliding component of the present invention has higher fatigue strength than the conventional SKD11 due to the above-described component composition.
- the value of the fatigue strength improves more notably by reducing the hardness of a sliding component moderately. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the conventional SKD11 (x mark in FIG. 1) had a fatigue strength of about 560 MPa when adjusted to 60 HRC, which is the hardness of a general sliding component.
- the fatigue strength value increases only to about 600 MPa even if the hardness is lowered.
- the fatigue strength value shows a high fatigue strength of about 630 MPa when the hardness is lowered to 58 HRC. Thereafter, the high fatigue strength is maintained in a low hardness region.
- the friction coefficient in use exhibited by the sliding component is effectively reduced as the fatigue strength value of the sliding component increases, and the present invention Lubricating characteristics are synergistically improved (see FIG. 3).
- the present invention aims at a sliding component having a fatigue strength exceeding 600 MPa, which is difficult to achieve with the conventional SKD11.
- the fatigue strength is preferably over 630 MPa.
- the hardness of the sliding component of this invention shall be less than 58HRC as a range which can achieve this fatigue strength exceeding 600 MPa easily. Preferably it is 57 HRC or less.
- the sliding component of the present invention when used, assuming that the hardness of the counterpart component is high, it is not a good idea to reduce the hardness of the sliding component of the present invention.
- SUJ2 which is a bearing steel of the JIS steel type, is used as the mating part, the hardness is usually adjusted to 60 to 62 HRC, which is higher than the sliding part of the present invention.
- SUJ2 is a “high carbon chrome bearing steel” standardized by JIS-G-4805, and its component composition is as follows in mass%. C: 0.95 to 1.10%, Si: 0.15 to 0.35%, Mn: 0.50% or less, P: 0.025% or less, S: 0.025% or less, Cr: 1. 30 to 1.60%, remaining Fe and impurities
- the sliding surface of the counterpart component slides with the sliding surface of the counterpart component in an “intermittent” contact mode such as rotation or reciprocation.
- the applied Hertz stress increases.
- this Hertz stress exceeds the fatigue strength of the sliding component, fine plastic deformation occurs on the sliding surface.
- the sliding wear of the sliding parts is induced, the friction coefficient between the sliding surfaces is increased, and the self-lubricating property of the present invention is hindered. Therefore, the lower limit of the hardness of the sliding component of the present invention is 52 HRC. In this lower limit, it is preferably 53 HRC.
- a metal material such as SUJ2 can be used as the material of the counterpart part, and a long-life sliding structure that achieves both suppression of seizure (adhesion) damage and improvement of fatigue life The body mechanism can be obtained.
- Sample No. in Table 1 Respective sliding parts 1 and 2 having component compositions of 1 and 2 were prepared.
- Sample No. 2 is SKD11.
- each of the sliding parts 1 and 2 those in which the target hardness was adjusted to three types of A: 50 HRC, B: 55 HRC, and C: 60 HRC were prepared.
- the actual hardness of each sliding component is 50.4 HRC for sliding component 1-A, 56.2 HRC for 1-B, 62.0 HRC for 1-C, 50.0 HRC for 2-A, 2-B was 55.8 HRC and 2-C was 61.0 HRC.
- the sliding component 2-C made of SKD11 having a target hardness of 60 HRC corresponds to a conventional sliding component.
- the fatigue strength of these sliding parts was measured. The fatigue strength was measured by processing each sliding part into a rotating bending fatigue test piece and performing an Ogoshi type rotating bending fatigue test on this.
- the surface stress of the test piece was adjusted by adjusting the secondary moment of the cross section determined from the shape of the test piece and adjusting the weight of the weight suspended in the center of the parallel part of the test piece.
- the stress amplitude was set so that the tensile stress and the compressive stress were equal in one rotation of the specimen (referred to as an amplitude ratio ⁇ 1).
- the rotation speed of the test piece was 50 Hz (3,000 rpm).
- rupture of a rotation bending fatigue test piece was made into fatigue strength. The results are shown in FIG.
- the sliding components 2-A, 2-B, and 2-C which have component compositions that do not exhibit self-lubricating properties, have increased friction coefficients and measured friction coefficient values exceeding 0.30. .
- seizure occurred before the sliding distance reached 100 m, and the friction coefficient rapidly increased.
- sliding parts 1-A, 1-B, and 1-C which are component compositions that exhibit self-lubricating properties, did not cause seizure during a sliding distance of 100 m.
- the sliding components 1-A and 1-B maintained the coefficient of friction therebetween being 0.30 or less.
- the sliding component 1-B of the present invention in which the hardness is adjusted to “52 HRC or more and less than 58 HRC” synergistically improves the self-lubricating characteristics, The coefficient of friction was further reduced, and the value was 0.20 or less.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the fatigue strength of each sliding component and the sliding distance when the friction coefficient measured above reaches 0.20.
- the value of the friction coefficient of “0.20” is an index of the friction coefficient when the sliding component exhibits a synergistic self-lubricating property under the test conditions of this example.
- the sliding component 1-B of the present invention has a fatigue strength of over 600 MPa. Even when the sliding distance reached 100 m, a low coefficient of friction of 0.20 or less was maintained (in FIG. 3, for convenience, it is shown at the position “100 m”).
- the sliding component 1-B of the present invention has improved self-lubricating properties (smaller friction coefficient) than the sliding components 1-A and 1-C, and the improved self-lubricating properties are: It was stably maintained over a long sliding distance.
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Abstract
Description
上記の成分組成において、特に、本発明の摺動部品を特徴付けるのが、その自己潤滑特性の発現に大きく寄与する「SとCuとの共同添加」である。従来、SおよびCuは、鉄鋼材料の熱間加工性を阻害する元素であるとして、殆どの鉄鋼材料で積極的に添加されることのない元素であった。以下、本発明の摺動部品の成分組成について、その作用効果を説明する。
Cは、基地中に固溶して、摺動部品に強度を付与する元素である。また、炭化物を形成して、摺動部品の耐摩耗性や耐焼付き性を高める元素である。しかし、Cが多くなり過ぎると、基地に固溶するC量が増加して、摺動部品の形状に仕上げるときの被削性が劣化する。また、粗大な炭化物が生成されて、焼入れ時の熱処理変寸が大きくなる。よって、Cは、0.7~1.6%とする。好ましくは0.9%以上である。また、好ましくは1.3%以下とする。より好ましくは1.1%以下とする。
Siは、摺動部品の高温軟化特性を向上させる元素である。しかし、Siが多過ぎると、組織中のデルタフェライトの形成が顕著になり、摺動部品の硬さの維持を阻害する。よって、Siは、0.5~3.0%とする。好ましくは0.9%以上である。また、好ましくは2.0%以下である。より好ましくは1.5%以下である。さらに好ましくは1.1%以下である。
Mnは、焼入れ性を高める元素である。しかし、多過ぎると、被削性が劣化する。よって、Mnは、0.1~3.0%とする。好ましくは0.3%以上である。より好ましくは0.4%以上である。また、好ましくは1.0%以下である。より好ましくは0.6%以下である。
Pは、通常、添加しなくても、不可避的に含有する元素である。そして、摺動部品の靱性を阻害する元素である。よって、0.05%以下とする。好ましくは0.03%以下とする。より好ましくは0.02%以下とする。
Sは、後述するCuと共に、本発明の摺動部品の自己潤滑特性の向上に寄与する元素である。本発明者は、特許文献1の成分組成を有する摺動部品を、その摺動面に潤滑油が介在した環境で使用したときに、摺動面に生じている現象を調査した。その結果、この使用中において、摺動部品と相手部品との摺動面どうしが焼付きを生じる程の高い面圧で接触すると、摺動部品の摺動面に吸着した潤滑油中の有機物成分が脱水素化されて、これがダイヤモンドやグラファイト等の物質に変化することを知見した。そして、これらダイヤモンドやグラファイト等の中でも、周期的に硫酸イオンまたは硫酸分子の挟み込まれた構成を有する「グラファイト層間化合物」は、摺動部品の自己潤滑特性を向上させて、お互いの摺動面間の摩擦係数を低く維持できることを見いだした。
Niは、焼入れ焼戻し工程で、後述するAlと結合してNi-Al系金属間化合物を析出し、摺動部品の硬さの維持に寄与する元素である。しかし、Niが多過ぎると、焼入れ焼戻し前の焼鈍状態において、摺動部品の形状に加工するときの被削性が劣化する。よって、Niは、0.3~1.5%とする。好ましくは0.4%以上である。また、好ましくは1.0%以下である。より好ましくは0.8%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.6%以下である。
Crは、基地の焼入れ性を高める元素である。また、上述のCと炭化物を形成して、摺動部品の耐摩耗性や耐焼付き性を高める元素である。しかし、炭化物の増加は、被削性を劣化させる。よって、Crは、7.0~13.0%とする。好ましくは7.5%以上である。より好ましくは8.0%以上である。また、好ましくは11.0%以下である。より好ましくは10.0%以下である。さらに好ましくは9.0%以下である。
MoおよびWは、焼入れ焼戻し後の組織中に微細な炭化物を形成して、摺動部品に疲労強度を付与する元素である。しかし、多過ぎると、被削性や靭性の低下を招く。MoおよびWは、単独または複合で添加できる。そして、この際の添加量は、WがMoの約2倍の原子量であることから、(Mo+1/2W)の関係式で一緒に規定できる。そして、本発明では、(Mo+1/2W)の値で0.5~1.7%とする。好ましくは0.7%以上である。より好ましくは0.9%以上である。さらに好ましくは1.0%以上である。また、好ましくは1.5%以下である。より好ましくは1.3%以下である。さらに好ましくは1.2%以下である。
Vは、焼入れ性の向上のために含有することができる。但し、Vは、硬質のVC炭化物を形成するため、過剰のVの含有は被削性を阻害する。よって、本発明では、Vを含有する場合でも、0.70%以下とする。好ましくは0.50%以下である。より好ましくは0.30%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.20%以下である。
Cuは、前述したSと共に、本発明の摺動部品の自己潤滑特性の向上に寄与する元素である。つまり、Cuは、上記の「グラファイト層間化合物」を生成するための触媒作用を示す元素である。Cuは、焼入れ焼戻し後の摺動部品において、その摺動面に極く微量を析出させることができる。そして、摺動面に析出したCuは、上述の「グラファイト層間化合物」の形成を促す触媒の機能を有する。しかし、Cuを過剰に含有すると、素材の赤熱脆化を招いて、熱間加工性が劣化する。よって、Cuは、0.1~1.0%とする。好ましくは0.2%以上である。より好ましくは0.3%以上である。また、好ましくは0.8%以下である。より好ましくは0.6%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.5%以下である。
Alは、上記のNiと結合してNi―Al系金属間化合物を形成し、摺動部品の硬さの維持に寄与する元素である。しかし、Alが多過ぎると、組織中のデルタフェライトの形成が顕著になり、摺動部品の硬さの維持を阻害する。よって、Alは、0.10~0.70%とする。好ましくは0.15%以上とする。より好ましくは0.25%以上とする。また、好ましくは0.50%以下とする。より好ましくは0.45%以下である。
Nbは、Vと同様、焼入れ性の向上のために含有することができる。但し、過剰のNbの含有は被削性を阻害する。よって、本発明では、Nbを含有する場合でも、0.30%以下とする。好ましくは0.20%以下とする。より好ましくは0.15%以下とする。なお、上記の効果を得るのに好ましい含有量は、0.03%以上である。より好ましくは0.05%以上である。さらに好ましくは0.07%以上である。
一般的に、摺動部品の硬さを下げることは、摺動部品の耐摩耗性の低下に繋がると考えられていた。したがって、従来の摺動部品は60HRC以上の硬さに調整されていた。しかし、本発明の摺動部品は、上述した成分組成によって、従来のSKD11よりも高い疲労強度を有している。そして、その疲労強度の値は、摺動部品の硬さを適度に下げることで、より顕著に向上する。つまり、図1に示すように、従来のSKD11(図1中の×印)は、一般的な摺動部品の硬さである60HRCに調整したときの疲労強度が約560MPaであった。そして、その疲労強度の値は、硬さを下げていっても、約600MPa程度までにしか上昇しない。一方、本発明に係る成分組成の材料(図1中の○印)の場合、その疲労強度の値は、硬さを58HRCに下げたときに約630MPaの高い疲労強度を示す。そして、それ以降、低い硬さ域において上記の高い疲労強度を維持する。
C:0.95~1.10%、Si:0.15~0.35%、Mn:0.50%以下、P:0.025%以下、S:0.025%以下、Cr:1.30~1.60%、残部Feおよび不純物
これらの条件によって、例えば、相手部品の素材にSUJ2等の金属材料を用いることができ、焼付き(凝着)損傷の抑制と、疲労寿命の向上との両立をはかった長寿命の摺動構造体の機構を得ることができる。
装置:CSM製摩擦摩耗試験機
試験片:
・ディスク(摺動部品):直径20mm×厚さ5mm
・ボール(相手部品):SUJ2(直径6mm、硬さ62HRC)
ボール荷重:10N
ディスク回転数:500rpm
摺動半径:3.3mm
摺動距離:100m
塗油量:0.1μl
油種(潤滑油):
・基油:市販パラフィン油
・蟻酸:添加量2.9×10-4ppm
Claims (2)
- 質量%で、C:0.7~1.6%、Si:0.5~3.0%、Mn:0.1~3.0%、P:0.05%以下、S:0.01~0.12%、Ni:0.3~1.5%、Cr:7.0~13.0%、MoおよびWのうちの1種または2種:(Mo+1/2W)の関係式で0.5~1.7%、V:0~0.70%、Cu:0.1~1.0%、Al:0.10~0.70%、Nb:0~0.30%、残部Feおよび不純物の成分組成を有し、硬さが52HRC以上58HRC未満であることを特徴とする摺動部品。
- 請求項1に記載の摺動部品が、該摺動部品の摺動面に潤滑油が介在する環境下で、相手部品の摺動面と摺動するように構成されたことを特徴とする摺動構造体。
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EP16768870.4A EP3276031A4 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-24 | Sliding component and sliding structure |
JP2017508417A JP6424951B2 (ja) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-24 | 摺動部品および摺動構造体 |
CN201680018301.4A CN107429356B (zh) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-03-24 | 滑动构造体 |
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JP (1) | JP6424951B2 (ja) |
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WO2018056282A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | 摺動部品、摺動構造体および摺動構造体の摺動方法 |
JP6472938B1 (ja) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-02-20 | Tpr株式会社 | 圧力リング、内燃機関、圧力リング用線材および圧力リング用線材の製造方法 |
WO2019087562A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-09 | Tpr株式会社 | 圧力リング、内燃機関、圧力リング用線材および圧力リング用線材の製造方法 |
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CN115927967B (zh) * | 2022-12-22 | 2024-10-01 | 美利林科技(攀枝花)有限公司 | 一种球磨机用高韧性钢锻的制备工艺 |
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- 2016-03-24 CN CN201680018301.4A patent/CN107429356B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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WO2018056282A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | 摺動部品、摺動構造体および摺動構造体の摺動方法 |
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JP6472938B1 (ja) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-02-20 | Tpr株式会社 | 圧力リング、内燃機関、圧力リング用線材および圧力リング用線材の製造方法 |
WO2019087562A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-09 | Tpr株式会社 | 圧力リング、内燃機関、圧力リング用線材および圧力リング用線材の製造方法 |
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CN107429356A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
CN107429356B (zh) | 2019-09-20 |
JPWO2016152967A1 (ja) | 2017-11-02 |
EP3276031A4 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
JP6424951B2 (ja) | 2018-11-21 |
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