WO2016148272A1 - 車両用空気調和機 - Google Patents
車両用空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016148272A1 WO2016148272A1 PCT/JP2016/058655 JP2016058655W WO2016148272A1 WO 2016148272 A1 WO2016148272 A1 WO 2016148272A1 JP 2016058655 W JP2016058655 W JP 2016058655W WO 2016148272 A1 WO2016148272 A1 WO 2016148272A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- vehicle
- wind direction
- indoor
- indoor blower
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
- B60H1/00028—Constructional lay-out of the devices in the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00371—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. buses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00457—Ventilation unit, e.g. combined with a radiator
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
- B60H1/3216—Control means therefor for improving a change in operation duty of a compressor in a vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3226—Self-contained devices, i.e. including own drive motor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3229—Cooling devices using compression characterised by constructional features, e.g. housings, mountings, conversion systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0072—Means for cooling only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/009—Means for ventilating only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00207—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices characterised by the position of the HVAC devices with respect to the passenger compartment
- B60H2001/00235—Devices in the roof area of the passenger compartment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/081—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates for guiding air around a curve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/0278—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of stacked distribution plates or perforated plates arranged over end plates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner mounted on, for example, a railway vehicle.
- air conditioner 1 As a conventional vehicle air conditioner, there is a rail vehicle air conditioner 1 (hereinafter referred to as “air conditioner 1”) mounted on a roof 51 of a rail vehicle 50 as shown in FIG. During the cooling operation, the cool air 1 a is blown into the vehicle interior 52 through the air supply duct 2 connected to the air conditioner 1. The circulating air 1b circulated in the vehicle interior 52 is sucked into the return intake 4 (see FIG. 12) from the return duct 3 provided between the vehicle 50 and the air conditioner 1 and flows into the air conditioner 1.
- the air conditioner 1 described above is composed of an outdoor unit 9 and an indoor unit 5 as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, for example, and is often mounted on the roof 51 of the vehicle 50.
- the outdoor unit 9 and the indoor unit 5 are provided with air conditioning equipment for ensuring air conditioning performance.
- air conditioners necessary for the refrigeration cycle such as an outdoor blower 11, a condenser 12 that is an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor 13, piping and wiring (not shown), are arranged in the housing 10.
- the indoor unit 5 includes an indoor fan 7, an evaporator 8 as an indoor heat exchanger, a return damper (not shown), a fresh damper, a control device, and an air conditioner such as a heater that uses electricity as a heat source.
- the device is arranged in the housing 6.
- a conventional air conditioner 1 there is an automobile air conditioner in addition to a railway vehicle.
- air that has passed through the defroster atmosphere communication port 60 is sucked from an air suction port 62 of a box-shaped housing 61.
- the air passes through the plurality of holes 63a of the U-shaped wind direction plate 63, becomes an jet air current 65 from the lower part of the windshield 64, blows up along the glass surface, and removes condensation.
- the plurality of holes 63a increase as the distance from the defroster atmosphere communication port 60 increases in the longitudinal direction.
- the pressure gradient inside becomes small, and condensation on the inner surface of the windshield 64 is removed on the entire surface.
- the automobile engine noise transmitted from the defroster atmosphere communication port 60 is directly transmitted from the air suction port 62 of the box-shaped housing 61 to the inside of the vehicle through the plurality of holes 63 a of the U-shaped wind direction plate 63. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
- an automotive air conditioner that adjusts the air volume of a wind direction plate by a driving device.
- the air flowing in the cooling bypass air passage 73 from the automobile blower 71 through the cooling heat exchanger 72 is rotated by rotating the automobile wind direction plate 70 with a servo motor.
- the airflow for cooling and heating is adjusted by switching between the flow of air and the flow of air flowing through the heating air passage 75 of the automotive heater 74 (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is intended to reduce the noise of a vehicle air conditioner, secure the amount of cold air and hot air, make the vehicle air conditioner compact, and reduce the cost.
- a vehicle air conditioner that can be realized.
- An air conditioner for a vehicle has at least an evaporator, an indoor fan, a return intake port for taking in air from the vehicle, and an air supply duct port for supplying air to the vehicle.
- An indoor unit that allows air in the vehicle to flow from the intake port to the evaporator, and sends the air that has passed through the evaporator to the air supply duct port; and at least a compressor, a condenser, and an outdoor blower,
- an air conditioner for a vehicle having an outdoor unit constituting a refrigeration cycle it is installed between an indoor fan in an indoor unit and an air supply duct port, and is long in a direction orthogonal to the direction of air from the indoor fan.
- the wind direction plate is provided with a plurality of vent holes provided in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of vent holes, respectively.
- the inclination angle differs depending on the installation, and there are a plurality of inclined plates that adjust the air volume and speed of the air from the indoor blower, and a sound absorbing material provided on the surface facing the indoor blower.
- a first air passage that allows air from the blower to flow along the longitudinal direction of the wind direction plate while being diverted from the air supply duct port, and a second air passage that allows each inclined plate to pass through the plurality of ventilation holes are formed. Is done.
- a wind direction plate is provided between the indoor blower and the air supply duct port, and the air direction plate includes a plurality of vent holes and a plurality of tilt plates having different inclination angles according to the positions of the plurality of vent holes. Furthermore, a sound absorbing material is provided on the surface of the wind direction plate facing the indoor blower. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the noise of the blowing sound that propagates directly from the indoor fan. Furthermore, air turbulence can be prevented by adjusting the air volume by the wind direction plate, air can be rectified, aerodynamic noise can be reduced, and noise generated from the blower can be reduced as a whole, including the effect of the sound absorbing material attached to the wind direction plate.
- the air volume can be adjusted and rectified using the second air passage in the indoor unit, the air volume balance and the predetermined air volume at the position of the air supply duct port where the first air passage and the second air passage merge can be secured. Furthermore, since the noise directly propagating from the indoor fan can be greatly reduced by the wind direction plate, the noise at the air supply duct port is minimized. Moreover, since it adjusts with the shape of a wind direction board, without performing an air volume adjustment with an indoor air blower, a vehicle air conditioner can be reduced in size and cost.
- the perspective view which shows the modification 2 of the wind direction board of FIG. The perspective view which shows the modification 3 of the wind direction board of FIG.
- the top view which shows the flow of the circulating air in an indoor unit at the time of the heating operation of the air conditioner for vehicles which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- the top view which shows the flow of the circulating air in an indoor unit at the time of the heating operation of the air conditioner for vehicles which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.
- the side view which shows typically the relationship between the conventional vehicle air conditioner and a railway vehicle.
- the top view which shows the conventional vehicle air conditioner. which shows the conventional vehicle air conditioner.
- the perspective view which shows the flow of the air in the defroster apparatus of the conventional vehicle air conditioner.
- the schematic diagram which shows the indoor unit of the conventional vehicle air conditioner.
- This vehicle air conditioner is, for example, an air conditioner mounted on the roof of a railway vehicle.
- the same outdoor unit as shown in FIG. 12 or 13 is used.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an indoor unit of a vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the indoor unit of FIG. Note that the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts in FIGS.
- two storage chambers are formed by a partition plate 5 a provided in the housing 6.
- an evaporator 8 which is an indoor heat exchanger, a dust collection filter 14 for collecting dust, and the like are arranged.
- an indoor blower 7, a heater 24 that generates heat by electricity, an indoor blower 7, an electrical box 30 that stores electrical components that control the heater 24, and the like are disposed.
- An intake port 5b is provided on the surface of the partition plate 5a facing the indoor blower 7.
- the side plate 6 a facing the dust collection filter 14 is provided with a return damper 18 for adjusting the amount of air returning from the inside of the vehicle, and the amount of outside air (fresh air) taken into the indoor unit 5.
- An outside air intake damper 21 to be adjusted is provided.
- the side plate 6 a is provided with a return intake port 4 corresponding to the return damper 18 and an outside air intake port 23 corresponding to the outside air intake damper 21.
- a side plate 6b facing a wind direction plate 25 described later is provided with an air supply damper 31 for adjusting the amount of air supplied to the vehicle.
- the air supply damper 31 includes a cooling damper 31a provided in the center and two heating dampers 31b provided on both sides of the cooling damper 31a (see FIG. 3).
- the side plate 6b is provided with an air supply duct port 17 corresponding to the air supply damper 31, as shown in FIG.
- the air supply duct port 17 includes a cooling duct port 15 provided corresponding to the cooling damper 31a, and first and second heating duct ports 16a provided corresponding to the two heating dampers 31b, 16b.
- An air supply duct 2 that supplies air into the vehicle is connected to the air supply duct port 17 described above.
- a wind direction plate 25 connected to the corner portion 5c of the partition plate 5a is installed in the housing 6.
- the wind direction plate 25 is provided so as to face the air supply damper 31 in parallel, and a plurality of ventilation holes 27 are provided in the longitudinal direction.
- the plurality of ventilation holes 27 are provided with a plurality of inclined plates 26 that respectively guide part of the air from the indoor blower 7 to the ventilation holes 27.
- the inclined plate 26 on the end portion 25a side of the wind direction plate 25 has the smallest inclination angle, and the inclined angle of the inclined plate 26 on the corner portion 5c side of the partition plate 5a is as large as 90 degrees.
- the inclination angle of the remaining central inclined plate 26 gradually increases from the end portion 25 a side of the wind direction plate 25.
- the inclination angle of the inclined plate 26 is an angle from the wind direction plate 25.
- a sound absorbing material 32 (see FIG. 6) that absorbs the blowing sound from the indoor blower 7 is attached to the surface of the wind direction plate 25 facing the heater 24 side, that is, the surface below the plurality of vent holes 27. .
- a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is discharged from a compressor in an outdoor unit (not shown). This gas refrigerant flows into the condenser (outdoor heat exchanger), is cooled by the air blown out from the outdoor blower, and is condensed and liquefied. Then, the liquid refrigerant is throttled by the expansion valve to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and flows into the evaporator 8 (indoor heat exchanger) in the indoor unit 5.
- the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the evaporator 8 is evaporated by exchanging heat with the air sucked by the operation of the indoor blower 7 and sucked into the compressor 13.
- This sucked gas refrigerant becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant by the compressor 13, and the refrigerant is repeatedly circulated.
- the air sucked by the indoor blower 7 is cooled by the evaporator 8 and is blown toward the heater 24 in the off state.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the flow of the circulating air 1b in the indoor unit during the cooling operation of the vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the cooling damper 31 a provided in the center of the air supply damper 31 is open to the cooling duct port 15.
- the two heating dampers 31b provided on both sides of the cooling damper 31a close the first and second heating duct ports 16a and 16b, respectively.
- the circulating air 1b from the vehicle interior 52 is sucked in the A direction through the return intake 4 by adjusting the air volume of the return damper 18.
- the circulating air 1b that has passed through the return damper 18 collects dust through the dust collecting filter 14, and exchanges heat with the cooled evaporator 8 to become cold air 1a.
- the cold air 1a is drawn in the B direction through the intake port 5b.
- the cold air 1a is discharged by changing the direction in the C direction by the indoor blower 7, and is sent in the D direction through the heater 24 in the off state.
- the cold air 1 a is branched by the wind direction plate 25 into the first air passage 28 and the plurality of second air passages 29.
- the blowing sound from the indoor blower 7 is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 32 attached to the wind direction plate 25.
- the cold air 1a on the first air passage 28 flows along the longitudinal direction of the wind direction plate 25 and reaches the end 25a of the wind direction plate 25, hits the side plate of the housing 6 and changes its direction in the E direction.
- the cool air 1 a on the second air passage 29 flows through the air holes 27 by the plurality of inclined plates 26 provided in the wind direction plate 25 and flows from the cooling damper 31 a to the cooling duct port 15.
- the cool air 1a that has passed through the air holes 27 from the second air passage 29 merges with the cool air 1a that has changed its direction from the first air passage 28 to the E direction, passes through the cooling damper 31a, and the cooling duct port. 15 and flows into the vehicle interior 52 through the air supply duct 2.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the flow of the circulating air 1b in the indoor unit during the heating operation of the vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the cooling damper 31a of the air supply damper 31 closes the cooling duct port 15.
- the two heating dampers 31b open to the first and second heating duct ports 16a and 16b, respectively.
- the circulating air 1b from the vehicle interior 52 is sucked in the A direction through the return intake 4 by adjusting the air volume of the return damper 18.
- the circulating air 1b that has passed through the return damper 18 collects dust through the dust collecting filter 14, and exchanges heat with the cooled evaporator 8 to become cold air 1a.
- the cold air 1a is drawn in the B direction through the intake port 5b.
- the cold air 1a is discharged by changing the direction in the C direction by the indoor blower 7, is overheated through the heater 24 in a heat generation state, becomes warm air 1c, and is sent in the D direction.
- the warm air 1 c is branched by the wind direction plate 25 into a first air passage 28 and a plurality of second air passages 29. At this time, the blowing sound from the indoor blower 7 is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 32 attached to the wind direction plate 25.
- the warm air 1c on the first air passage 28 flows along the longitudinal direction of the wind direction plate 25 and reaches the end portion 25a of the wind direction plate 25, hits the side plate of the housing 6 and the E direction (see FIG. 3). ).
- the warm air 1c on the second air passage 29 passes through the air holes 27 by a plurality of inclined plates 26 provided in the wind direction plate 25, and the first and second heating duct ports 16a from the two heating dampers 31b. , 16b.
- the warm air 1c that has passed through the air holes 27 from the second air passage 29 merges with the warm air 1c that has changed its direction from the first air passage 28 to the E direction, and passes through the two heating dampers 31b. It flows out from the 1st and 2nd heating duct ports 16a and 16b. Then, the warm air 1 c merges in the air supply duct 2 and is sent into the vehicle interior 52.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the flow of outside air in the indoor unit during the air blowing operation of the vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the outside air intake damper 21 is open.
- the cooling damper 31a opens to the cooling duct port 15, and the two heating dampers 31b close the first and second heating duct ports 16a and 16b, respectively.
- the air on the first air passage 28 flows along the longitudinal direction of the wind direction plate 25 and reaches the end 25a of the wind direction plate 25, hits the side plate of the housing 6 and changes its direction in the E direction.
- the air on the second air passage 29 flows through the ventilation holes 27 by the plurality of inclined plates 26 provided in the wind direction plate 25 and flows from the cooling damper 31 a to the cooling duct port 15.
- the air that has passed through the air holes 27 from the second air passage 29 merges with the air that has changed its direction from the first air passage 28 to the E direction, passes through the cooling damper 31a, and passes through the cooling duct port 15. It flows out and is sent into the vehicle interior 52 through the air supply duct 2.
- the airflow direction plate 25 does not have the plurality of vent holes 27 and the inclined plate 26, the air flow is only the first air passage 28, so that all the air blown out by the indoor blower 7 follows the airflow direction plate 25. Flowing into. Since the distance from the indoor fan 7 to the first heating duct port 16a is short, air is supplied to the first heating duct port 16a, but the distance to the second heating duct port 16b is longer than the first air passage. Therefore, it becomes difficult for air to flow through the second heating duct port 16b, and the air volume is insufficient.
- the inclination angle of the inclined plate 26 on the end portion 25a side of the wind direction plate 25 is made smaller than that of the other inclined plates 26, and air from the G direction is vented. 27, and the inclination angle of the inclined plate 26 is increased to 90 degrees on the corner 5c side of the wind direction plate 25 so that air from the H direction can easily enter the vent hole 27. Further, by gradually increasing the inclination angle of the inclined plate 26 from the end portion 25a side of the wind direction plate 25 toward the corner portion 5c side of the partition plate 5a, it is possible to flow the air volume in a well-balanced manner.
- the air volume adjustment and rectification of the second air passage 29 can be performed, and at the position of the air supply duct port 17 where the first air passage 28 and the second air passage 29 merge.
- the air volume balance of the air can be made uniform and a predetermined air volume can be secured.
- the blowing sound (noise energy) from the indoor blower 7 is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 32 of the wind direction plate 25 facing the heater 24, and then the attenuated noise is reduced to the first air passage 28 and The air supply duct port 17 is reached through the second air passage 29. For this reason, noise energy is reduced at the air supply duct port 17 of the indoor unit 5, and noise transmitted to the vehicle interior 52 is reduced.
- air volume adjustment is not implemented with the indoor air blower 7, but it adjusts with the shape of the wind direction board 25, the vehicle air conditioner 1 can be reduced in size and cost.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing Modification 1 of the wind direction plate of FIG.
- the above-described wind direction plate 25 has four vent holes 27 as an example, but may have six, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the inclined plate 26 on the end portion 25a side of the wind direction plate 25 has an inclination angle smaller than that of the other inclined plates 26, and the inclined plate on the corner portion 5c side of the partition plate 5a. 26 increases the inclination angle to 90 degrees.
- the remaining inclined plate 26 is gradually increased from the end 25a side of the wind direction plate 25.
- a sound absorbing material 32 is attached to the lower part of the wind direction plate 25. With this configuration, the air volume can be made to flow in a better balance than the inclined plate 26 shown in FIG. 1, and the sound blown from the indoor blower 7 is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 32, thereby reducing noise.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a second modification of the wind direction plate of FIG.
- the wind direction plate 25 is composed of a plurality of air holes 27, inclined plates 26, and a sound absorbing material 32.
- the wind direction plate 25 has a long slit in the vertical direction.
- a vent hole 33 having a shape may be provided.
- This air hole 33 has one end portion 25a side of the wind direction plate 25 and increases as it approaches the corner portion 5c side of the partition plate 5a.
- Four of the three vent holes 33 on the side of the vent hole 33, one of which is a set, are narrower than the other vent holes 33.
- the rightmost vent hole 33 has a narrow width as described above.
- a sound absorbing material 32 is attached to the lower part of the wind direction plate 25.
- the air from the G direction hardly enters the air holes 33, and the air from the H direction easily enters the air holes 33, as in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to flow the air volume in a well-balanced manner. Further, the sound absorbing material 32 absorbs the sound of the air blown from the indoor blower 7, so that the noise can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a third modification of the wind direction plate of FIG.
- the wind direction plate 25 is provided with a notch 34 at a contact portion of the housing 6, and a sound absorbing material 32 is attached to an upper portion thereof.
- the size of the notch 34 increases from the end 25a side of the wind direction plate 25 toward the corner 5c side of the partition plate 5a. This is for adjusting the air volume of the air passing through the wind direction plate 25.
- this configuration makes it difficult for air from the G direction to enter the vent hole 33 and facilitates air from the H direction to enter the vent hole 33, so that the air volume can flow in a well-balanced manner. it can. Further, the sound absorbing material 32 absorbs the sound of the air blown from the indoor blower 7, so that the noise can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the flow of the circulating air 1b in the indoor unit during the heating operation of the vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except for the wind direction plate 25.
- the support shaft 35 of the wind direction plate 25 is provided in the housing 6 in the indoor unit 5.
- An end portion 25a of the wind direction plate 25 is attached to a rotating portion 25b into which a support shaft 35 is inserted, and is rotatable about the support shaft 35.
- the projecting plates 5d provided at the front end portion 25c of the wind direction plate 25 and the corner portions 5c of the partition plate 5a are opposed to each other by a spring 36, for example.
- a restriction member 37 that restricts the opening range of the wind direction plate 25 is attached to the housing 6.
- a sound absorbing material 32 is attached to the surface of the wind direction plate 25 on the heater 24 side.
- the wind direction plate 25 When the wind direction plate 25 is pressed in the K direction by the wind pressure generated by the operation of the indoor blower 7, the wind direction plate 25 opens toward the air supply damper 31 around the support shaft 35 and is restrained by the restriction member 37. At this time, a space between the front end portion 25c of the wind direction plate 25 and the protruding plate 5d of the partition plate 5a becomes large, and air flows in the L direction from the space, and the second air passage 29 is formed. Further, when the wind pressure disappears due to the operation stop of the indoor blower 7, the return direction of the spring 36 returns the wind direction plate 25 to the original position, and the space between the projecting plate 5d becomes narrow and closed.
- the air flow rate balance can be secured by adding the inclined plate 26 and the air vent 27 to the wind direction plate 25 as in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the flow of the circulating air 1b in the indoor unit during the heating operation of the vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the third embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except for the wind direction plate 25.
- This wind direction plate 25 is provided with a wind tunnel bell mouth 40 on the corner 5c side of the partition plate 5a. Due to the operation of the indoor blower 7, a part of the air blown from the indoor blower 7 flows in the M direction by the wind tunnel bell mouth 40, and the second air passage 29 is formed. That is, a part of the air blown out from the indoor blower 7 enters from the wind tunnel bell mouth 40, and the air can flow around the second heating duct port 16b where the air flow is small.
- the shortage of air volume at the second heating duct port 16b can be solved. Further, by providing the wind tunnel bell mouth 40 on the wind direction plate 25, the air can be rectified and the noise can be reduced. Furthermore, noise reduction can be achieved by the sound absorbing material 32 of the wind direction plate 25. In the case of adjusting the air flow rate, the air flow rate can be made uniform and rectified by providing a plurality of air holes 27 and inclined plates 26 in the wind direction plate 25 as in the first embodiment.
- the wind direction plate 25 may be made of a metal material, a plastic material or a flexible material having good sound absorbing properties, and the same effect as in the first, second, and third embodiments can be expected. .
- 1 Vehicle air conditioner 1a cold air, 1b circulating air, 1c hot air, 2 air supply duct, 3 return duct, 4 return air inlet, 5 indoor unit, 5a partition plate, 5b air inlet, 5c corner, 5d protruding Plate, 6 housing, 6a, 6b side plate, 7 indoor blower, 8 evaporator, 9 outdoor unit, 10 housing, 11 outdoor blower, 12 condenser, 13 compressor, 14 dust collecting filter, 15 cooling duct port, 16a 1st heating duct port, 16b 2nd heating duct port, 17 air supply duct port, 18 return damper, 19 return filter, 21 outside air intake damper, 22 fresh filter, 23 outside air intake port, 24 heater, 25 wind direction plate 25a end part, 25b rotating part, 25c tip part, 26 inclined plate, 27 ventilation , 28 1st air passage, 29 2nd air passage, 30 electric box, 31 air supply damper, 31a air-cooling damper, 31b heating damper, 32 sound absorbing material, 33 slit-shaped air vent, 34
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Abstract
Description
また、特許文献1においては、空気風量の整流作用を高め、風量ばらつきを抑制するため、空気通路の途中に風量調整用の大小の円形状孔を開けた風向板を配設して、その円形状孔の大小差により風量調整を行っている。しかし、この構造の場合、空気風量の整流作用はできるが、デフロスタ大気連通口から風向板までの距離が短いため、自動車内のエンジンの騒音低減は期待できない。つまり、空気を伝わる音のエネルギーは距離の3乗に反比例して減衰するため、空気通路の途中に孔付風向板を設けても騒音低減できないといった課題がある。
特許文献2では、駆動装置を用いて風向板を動かしながら風量調整を行っているが、この構造では、サーボモータ分のスペースが必要となり、自動車用風向板70の可動範囲に部品を配置することができず、駆動装置をコンパクト化できないという課題がある。
また、室内ユニット内の第2空気通路を用いて風量調整や整流化ができるため、第1空気通路と第2空気通路が合流した空気供給ダクト口の位置での風量バランスや所定風量を確保できる。さらに、室内送風機から直接伝搬してくる騒音を風向板で大幅に低減できるため、空気供給ダクト口での騒音は極力小さくなる。また、風量調整に室内送風機で行うことなく、風向板の形状で調整を行うため、車両用空気調和機をコンパクトで低コスト化できる。
先ず、実施の形態1に係る車両用空気調和機の室内ユニットの構成について、図1及び図2を用いて説明する。
図1は本発明の実施の形態1に係る車両用空気調和機の室内ユニットを示す斜視図、図2は図1の室内ユニットを矢視X方向から見て示す斜視図である。なお、図11及び図12の従来と同じ部分あるいは相当部分には同一の符号を付している。
図示せぬ室外ユニット内の圧縮機から高温高圧のガス冷媒が吐出される。このガス冷媒は、凝縮機(室外熱交換器)に流入し、室外送風機から吹き出された空気によって冷却されて凝縮し液化が進んでいく。そして、その液冷媒は、膨張弁によって絞られて低温低圧の気液二相冷媒となり、室内ユニット5内の蒸発器8(室内熱交換器)へ流入する。蒸発器8に流入した気液二相冷媒は、室内送風機7の運転により吸引される空気と熱交換されて蒸発し、圧縮機13へ吸入される。この吸入されたガス冷媒は、圧縮機13によって高温高圧のガス冷媒となり、冷媒の循環が繰り返し行われる。この冷房運転時には、室内送風機7により吸引された空気が蒸発器8で冷風となり、オフ状態のヒーター24側へと送風される。
図3は本発明の実施の形態1に係る車両用空気調和機の冷房運転時における室内ユニット内の循環空気1bの流れを示す平面図である。冷房運転時は、図中に示すように、空気供給ダンパ31の中央に設けられた冷房用ダンパ31aは、冷房用ダクト口15に対して開口している。また、冷房用ダンパ31aの両側に設けられた2つの暖房用ダンパ31bは、それぞれ第1及び第2暖房用ダクト口16a、16bを閉じている。
図4は本発明の実施の形態1に係る車両用空気調和機の暖房運転時における室内ユニット内の循環空気1bの流れを示す平面図である。暖房運転時は、図中に示すように、空気供給ダンパ31の冷房用ダンパ31aは、冷房用ダクト口15を閉じている。また、2つの暖房用ダンパ31bは、それぞれ第1及び第2暖房用ダクト口16a、16bに対して開口している。
図5は本発明の実施の形態1に係る車両用空気調和機の送風運転時における室内ユニット内の外気の流れを示す平面図である。送風運転時は、外気取り入れダンパ21が開口している。また、冷房用ダンパ31aは、冷房用ダクト口15に対して開口し、2つの暖房用ダンパ31bは、それぞれ第1及び第2暖房用ダクト口16a、16bを閉じている。
図6は図1の風向板の変形例1を示す斜視図である。
前述の風向板25には、一例として通気孔27を4個としたが、図6に示すように、例えば6個としてもよい。この場合、6個の傾斜板26のうち、風向板25の端部25a側の傾斜板26は、傾斜角度を他の傾斜板26よりも小さくし、仕切板5aの角部5c側の傾斜板26は、傾斜角度を90度と大きくする。そして、残りの傾斜板26は、風向板25の端部25a側から徐々に大きくする。また、風向板25の下部には、吸音材32が取り付けられている。この構成により、図1に示す傾斜板26よりも、空気の風量をバランス良く流すことができ、吸音材32により室内送風機7からの送風音が吸収され、低騒音化を図ることができる。
図7は図1の風向板の変形例2を示す斜視図である。
風向板25を、図1及び図6に示すように、複数の通気孔27及び傾斜板26と吸音材32とで構成したが、図7に示すように、風向板25に鉛直方向に長いスリット形状の通気孔33を設けてもよい。この通気孔33は、風向板25の端部25a側を1つとし、仕切板5aの角部5c側に近づくに連れて増やしている。そのうちの3つを1組とする通気孔33側の4つの通気孔33は、他の通気孔33よりも幅が細くなっている。また、仕切板5aの角部5c側に設けられた4つの通気孔33のうち右端の通気孔33は、前記と同様に幅が細くなっている。また、風向板25の下部には、吸音材32が取り付けられている。
図8は図1の風向板の変形例3を示す斜視図である。
この風向板25は、筐体6の当接部に切欠部34が設けられ、その上部に吸音材32が取り付けられている。切欠部34の大きさは、風向板25の端部25a側から仕切板5aの角部5c側に近づくに連れて大きくなっている。これは、風向板25を通過する空気の風量を調整するためである。
次に、本発明の実施の形態2について、図9を用いて説明する。
図9は本発明の実施の形態2に係る車両用空気調和機の暖房運転時における室内ユニット内の循環空気1bの流れを示す平面図である。なお、実施の形態2においては、風向板25以外は実施の形態1と同様である。
本発明の実施の形態3について、図10を用いて説明する。
図10は本発明の実施の形態3に係る車両用空気調和機の暖房運転時における室内ユニット内の循環空気1bの流れを示す平面図である。なお、実施の形態3においては、風向板25以外は実施の形態1と同様である。
Claims (6)
- 少なくとも、蒸発器、室内送風機、車両からの空気を取り込むリターン吸気口及び車両に空気を供給する空気供給ダクト口を有し、前記室内送風機の運転により、前記リターン吸気口から車両内の空気が前記蒸発器に流れるようにし、当該蒸発器を通過した空気を前記空気供給ダクト口に送り込む室内ユニットと、
少なくとも、圧縮機、凝縮器及び室外送風機を有し、前記室内ユニットと冷凍サイクルを構成する室外ユニットとを有する車両用空気調和機において、
前記室内ユニット内の前記室内送風機と前記空気供給ダクト口との間に設置され、前記室内送風機からの空気の方向に対して直交する方向に長く形成された風向板を備え、
前記風向板は、長手方向に設けられた複数の通気孔と、前記複数の通気孔にそれぞれ設けられ、当該複数の通気孔の位置に応じて傾斜角が異なり、前記室内送風機からの空気の風量及び風速を調整する複数の傾斜板と、前記室内送風機と対向する面に設けられた吸音材とを有し、
前記室内ユニットには、前記室内送風機からの空気を、前記風向板の長手方向に沿わせ、前記空気供給ダクト口に対して迂回させながら流す第1空気通路、及び前記複数の通気孔にそれぞれの傾斜板により通過させる第2空気通路が形成される車両用空気調和機。 - 少なくとも、蒸発器、室内送風機、車両からの空気を取り込むリターン吸気口及び車両に空気を供給する空気供給ダクト口を有し、前記室内送風機の運転により、前記リターン吸気口から車両内の空気を前記蒸発器に流れるようにし、当該蒸発器を通過した空気を前記空気供給ダクト口に送り込む室内ユニットと、
少なくとも、圧縮機、凝縮器及び室外送風機を有し、前記室内ユニットと冷凍サイクルを構成する室外ユニットとを有する車両用空気調和機において、
前記室内ユニット内の前記室内送風機と前記空気供給ダクト口との間に設置され、前記室内送風機からの空気の方向に対して直交する方向に長く形成され、前記室内送風機からの空気圧により端部を中心として前記空気供給ダクト口側に開く風向板と、
前記風向板の可動範囲を規制する規制部材とを備え、
前記風向板は、前記室内送風機と対向する面に吸音材が設けられ、
前記室内ユニットには、前記室内送風機からの空気を、前記風向板の長手方向に沿わせ、前記空気供給ダクト口に対して迂回させながら流す第1空気通路、及び前記室内送風機からの空気圧によって前記風向板の端部が開放されたときに流す第2空気通路が形成される車両用空気調和機。 - 少なくとも、蒸発器、室内送風機、車両からの空気を取り込むリターン吸気口及び車両に空気を供給する空気供給ダクト口を有し、前記室内送風機の運転により、前記リターン吸気口から車両内の空気を前記蒸発器に流れるようにし、当該蒸発器を通過した空気を前記空気供給ダクト口に送り込む室内ユニットと、
少なくとも、圧縮機、凝縮器及び室外送風機を有し、前記室内ユニットと冷凍サイクルを構成する室外ユニットとを有する車両用空気調和機において、
前記室内ユニット内の前記室内送風機と前記空気供給ダクト口との間に設置され、前記室内送風機からの空気の方向に対して直交する方向に長く形成された風向板を備え、
前記風向板は、ベルマウス形状の開口部と、前記室内送風機と対向する面に設けられた吸音材とを有し、
前記室内ユニットには、前記室内送風機からの空気を、前記風向板の長手方向に沿わせ、前記空気供給ダクト口に対して迂回させながら流す第1空気通路、及び前記開口部を通過させる第2空気通路が形成される車両用空気調和機。 - 前記風向板の通気孔はスリット形状に形成され、該スリット形状の通気孔の数及び大きさによって空気の風量と風速とを調節する請求項1記載の車両用空気調和機。
- 前記風向板の通気孔は、当該風向板の下部に切り欠きされて形成された切欠部であり、当該切欠部の面積の大小で空気の風量及び風速を調節する請求項1記載の車両用空気調和機。
- 前記吸音材は、吸音性を有するプラスチック材あるいは可撓体が用いられている請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の車両用空気調和機。
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JP2009190495A (ja) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 車両用空気調和装置 |
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CN107405978A (zh) | 2017-11-28 |
CN107405978B (zh) | 2019-11-26 |
US20180001733A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 |
JP6301009B2 (ja) | 2018-03-28 |
EP3272562B1 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
JPWO2016148272A1 (ja) | 2017-08-17 |
US10160285B2 (en) | 2018-12-25 |
EP3272562A1 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
EP3272562A4 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
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