WO2016129516A1 - タッチスクリーン及びタッチパネル装置 - Google Patents
タッチスクリーン及びタッチパネル装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016129516A1 WO2016129516A1 PCT/JP2016/053472 JP2016053472W WO2016129516A1 WO 2016129516 A1 WO2016129516 A1 WO 2016129516A1 JP 2016053472 W JP2016053472 W JP 2016053472W WO 2016129516 A1 WO2016129516 A1 WO 2016129516A1
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- tactile sensation
- electrodes
- electrode
- touch
- detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0443—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single layer of sensing electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0445—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0446—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04107—Shielding in digitiser, i.e. guard or shielding arrangements, mostly for capacitive touchscreens, e.g. driven shields, driven grounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04112—Electrode mesh in capacitive digitiser: electrode for touch sensing is formed of a mesh of very fine, normally metallic, interconnected lines that are almost invisible to see. This provides a quite large but transparent electrode surface, without need for ITO or similar transparent conductive material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
- G06F3/04164—Connections between sensors and controllers, e.g. routing lines between electrodes and connection pads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a touch screen having a tactile sensation generating function and a touch panel device including the touch screen.
- a touch panel that detects a touch by an indicator such as a finger and specifies the coordinates of the touch position has attracted attention as one of excellent interface means.
- various systems such as a resistive film system and a capacitive system have been proposed and commercialized.
- a capacitive touch panel for example, a projected capacitive touch panel disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.
- various techniques have been proposed because it has advantages such as excellent robustness, capable of touch detection even when wearing gloves, and long life without moving parts. .
- the touch panel disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a detection screen wiring (row detection electrode) and a detection column wiring (column detection electrode) on a touch screen, and is formed between each detection electrode and an indicator. Based on the detection result of the touch capacity composed of the electric capacity, the touch coordinates indicating the touch position of the indicator on the touch screen are calculated and output.
- Each detection electrode is formed of a fine metal wiring having a zigzag pattern repeated in a zigzag pattern.
- a transparent conductive film such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) is also actively used.
- a tactile sensation generating device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is known.
- a tactile sensation generating sheet is arranged on the front surface of the coordinate input device (touch screen), and an electric current is passed through the fingertip from the + side electrode to the ⁇ side electrode of the tactile sensation generating electrode arranged on the tactile sensation generating sheet. By flowing, an electrical stimulus is given to the fingertip of the operator.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a tactile touch panel device that combines a touch detection function and a tactile voltage generation function.
- the tactile touch panel device is configured by a combination of a substrate on which a touch drive line (excitation electrode) is disposed and a substrate on which a touch sensing line (detection electrode) is disposed.
- a tactile sensation generating voltage is applied to each of the touch drive line and the sensing line during a period in which touch detection is not performed.
- a separate shield layer is provided on the back side of the tactile touch panel to block application of a tactile sensation generating signal having a tactile sensation generating voltage to the display panel.
- the shield layer is formed on the counter substrate or the array substrate.
- JP 2010-61502 A JP 2013-58153 A JP 2014-56580 A
- a shield layer separately provided on the back surface of the touch panel having a tactile sensation function is generally formed of a transparent conductive film, but has a relatively high electrode resistance, and the number of GND connection points and connections.
- a sufficient shielding effect cannot be obtained for a tactile sensation generation signal having a high voltage for generating a tactile sensation because the area cannot be sufficiently secured. Such a tendency becomes conspicuous as the size of the touch screen increases.
- the touch screen and a separate tactile touch screen are configured in combination as in the tactile stimulus generating device disclosed in Patent Document 3, the touch screen becomes thicker or due to interface reflection between a plurality of screens. There was a problem that the contrast was lowered.
- the tactile sensation generating voltage is several tens of volts or higher compared to the touch detection circuit voltage. This necessitates a switching circuit with a high withstand voltage, or a touch detection circuit with a high withstand voltage, which increases the circuit scale.
- the touch screen device disclosed in Patent Document 3 uses both the touch detection electrode and the tactile sensation generating electrode, the touch detection electrode pitch and the tactile sensation generating electrode pitch can be set differently. Can not. For this reason, when the electrode pitch is set according to one of touch detection and tactile sensation, the other is unnecessarily fine and the peripheral circuit becomes complicated, or on the contrary, the pitch becomes rough, and touch detection resolution and tactile sensation occur. There is a problem that performance such as resolution is degraded.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and improves the shielding effect of a tactile sensation generation signal for a display panel arranged in combination, and can suppress an increase in circuit scale. And it aims at obtaining a touch panel device provided with the same.
- the touch screen according to claim 1 of the present invention is a touch screen having an operation surface, each of which is provided along a first direction, and detects whether or not there is a touch operation on the operation surface.
- a plurality of second tactile sensation generating electrodes each provided along the second direction, and selective to the plurality of first and second tactile sensation generating electrodes during a tactile sensation generation signal application period.
- One touch detection electrode is disposed at a position farthest from the operation surface, and has an inter-electrode positional relationship.
- a plurality of second touch detection electrodes, a plurality of first tactile sensation generation electrodes, and a plurality of second tactile sensation generation electrodes (hereinafter referred to as "a plurality of second touch detection electrodes, etc.” “Is sometimes abbreviated as”).
- the first touch detection electrode exists between the second touch detection electrode and the display panel due to the positional relationship between the electrodes. To do. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the drive noise from the display panel from being mixed into the plurality of second touch detection electrodes, and furthermore, the generation of tactile sensation selectively applied to the plurality of first and second tactile generation electrodes. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of display defects such as display unevenness due to the signal mixed into the display panel as noise.
- the (first or second) touch detection electrode and the (first or second) tactile sensation generating electrode are not used together, a high withstand voltage switch circuit required for conduction / shutoff of the tactile sensation generation signal is provided.
- the circuit configuration on the touch panel device side including the touch screen according to the present invention can be simplified.
- the touch detection electrode and the tactile sensation generating electrode are not used together, the touch detection electrode in the first or second direction set based on the desired touch coordinate accuracy is used. And the arrangement pitch of the tactile sensation generating electrodes in the first or second direction set based on the desired tactile sensation resolution can be arranged differently. For this reason, with regard to one of the touch detection electrode and the tactile sensation generating electrode, the arrangement pitch is made narrower than necessary to complicate the device configuration, or conversely, the arrangement pitch is made wide to increase the touch coordinate accuracy or tactile sensation. It is possible to surely avoid sacrificing the generation resolution.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and a tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 in an intersecting area CA shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration along AA in FIG. 2.
- 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a touch panel device according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart illustrating schematic operation timings of the touch panel device according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a plan view showing a structure of an excitation electrode as viewed from the back surface side of the touch screen according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an excitation electrode according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a top view which shows typically the structure of the touch screen which is Embodiment 3 of this invention.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an electrode configuration in an intersection region of the tactile sensation electrode group and the column electrode group and in the vicinity thereof in the fourth embodiment. It is the top view which extracted and showed only the excitation electrode 102 and the detection electrode 103 in the cross
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing only the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 in an intersecting region.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a CC cross-section
- FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a configuration of a touch screen having a tactile sensation generating function according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 2 to 4 are plan views schematically showing the intersection area CA and its periphery in FIG.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 Each of the plan views shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a plan view as viewed from the operation surface side, which is input by an operator using an indicator such as a finger.
- the same reference numerals used in the drawings including the later-described second to fourth embodiments indicate the same or corresponding components.
- FIGS. 5 and 8 to 14 also show the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system.
- each is in the row direction (first direction;
- a plurality of excitation electrodes 2 (first touch detection electrodes) are formed along the X direction.
- the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 are repeatedly arranged at a first pitch in the column direction (second direction; corresponding to the Y direction in the figure).
- a pitch means the space
- a plurality of detection electrodes 3 are formed along the column direction on the surface (front surface, one main surface) side of the transparent substrate.
- the plurality of detection electrodes 3 are repeatedly arranged at the second pitch in the row direction.
- a glass substrate can be used as the transparent substrate.
- the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 and the plurality of detection electrodes 3 are used for a touch detection operation by an indicator such as an operator's finger.
- the touch detection operation is performed as follows.
- An excitation pulse signal (charging pulse signal) is sequentially applied to each excitation electrode 2 from the outside of the touch screen. Then, charging charges to the excitation-detection electrode capacitance (mutual capacitance) formed between the excitation electrode 2 to which the excitation pulse signal is applied and each detection electrode 3 are transferred to the outside of the touch screen via the detection electrode 3. The charge is detected at.
- a plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 are formed along the row direction on the surface side of the transparent substrate.
- the plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 are repeatedly arranged at the third pitch in the column direction. Therefore, the plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 are formed independently of the plurality of excitation electrodes 2.
- three tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 are formed corresponding to one excitation electrode 2 formed on the back side of the transparent substrate.
- a combined region in plan view of the electrode 2 and the three tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 is referred to as a tactile sensation row electrode group 6. Therefore, the first pitch of the excitation electrodes 2 is set to three times the third pitch of the tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4.
- a plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 are formed independently from the plurality of detection electrodes 3 on the surface side of the transparent substrate, each along the column direction.
- the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 are repeatedly arranged in the row direction.
- two tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 are arranged on both sides of one detection electrode 3. That is, the column electrode group 7 is constituted by a total of three electrodes, one detection electrode 3 and two tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 on both sides thereof.
- the plurality of column electrode groups 7 are repeatedly arranged in the row direction. At this time, among the plurality of detection electrodes 3 and the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5, the pitch between the adjacent detection electrodes 3 and the tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 or the pitch between the tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 and 5 are both the same.
- the fourth pitch is set.
- the plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 and the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 are first and second tactile sensation generating electrodes used for generating a tactile sensation on an indicator such as a user's finger. Function as.
- the tactile sensation is generated by, for example, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 and the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation corresponding to the row-column position where the tactile sensation is to be generated.
- the generation column electrode 5 is a selection / tactile sensation generation row electrode 4 and a selection / tactile sensation generation column electrode 5 (first and second selection tactile sensation generation electrodes).
- the first and second tactile sensation generation signals have a positive polarity voltage and a negative polarity voltage as tactile sensation generation voltages (“H” pulse, “L” pulse).
- first and second tactile sensation generation signals are applied to the selection / tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the selection / tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 to accumulate charges in a charge accumulation layer separately formed on the surface of the transparent substrate.
- the tactile device of the skin senses vibration by a weak electrostatic force generated between the fingers.
- both the first and second tactile sensation generation signals have the same polarity tactile sensation generation voltage ("H" pulse).
- the tactile sensation generation method includes the first method and the second method, and either the first method or the second method may be adopted.
- a plurality of excitation electrodes 2 formed on the back side of the transparent substrate are electrically connected to a plurality of back side terminals 13 (external connection terminals) also formed on the back side of the transparent substrate through a plurality of lead wires 8. Is done.
- a plurality of lead wires 8 are also formed on the back side of the transparent substrate.
- the plurality of detection electrodes 3 formed on the surface side of the transparent substrate are electrically connected to the plurality of surface side terminals 12 (external connection terminals) also formed on the surface side of the transparent substrate through the plurality of lead wires 9. Connected.
- the plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 formed on the surface side of the transparent substrate are electrically connected to the surface side terminals 12 via the plurality of lead wires 10 respectively, and formed on the surface side of the transparent substrate.
- the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 are electrically connected to the plurality of surface side terminals 12 via the plurality of lead wires 11.
- the plurality of lead wires 9 to 11 are formed on the surface side of the transparent substrate.
- a plurality of excitation electrodes 2 each extending in the row direction are repeatedly formed in the column direction, and a plurality of detection electrodes 3 each extending in the column direction are formed in the row direction.
- intersection regions where the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 and the plurality of detection electrodes 3 overlap in plan view are provided in a matrix.
- a plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 each extending in the column direction are repeatedly formed in the column direction, and a plurality of tactile sensation generating columns each extending in the column direction are formed.
- intersection regions where the plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 and the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 overlap in plan view are provided in a matrix.
- a plurality of tactile sensation row electrodes 4 are arranged in the column direction in such a manner that one tactile sensation row electrode group 6 including three tactile sensation row electrodes 4 is set on one excitation electrode 2. is doing.
- a plurality of detection electrodes 3 and a plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes are formed so that a column electrode group 7 including a total of three electrodes, that is, one detection electrode 3 and tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 on both sides thereof, is formed. 5 are arranged in the row direction.
- the columnar arrangement pitch of the tactile sensation row electrode group 6 is set to the same interval as the first pitch between the excitation electrodes 2 and 2
- the row direction arrangement pitch of the column electrode group 7 is set between the detection electrodes 3 and 3.
- the interval is set approximately the same as the second pitch.
- the third pitch which is the columnar arrangement pitch of the tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4
- the fourth pitch which is the row direction arrangement pitch of the detection electrode 3 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5.
- the first pitch (substantially equal to the second pitch) is about 5 mm
- the third pitch (substantially equal to the fourth pitch) is about (5/3) mm.
- the tactile electrode pitch (third and fourth pitches) is narrowed so that a finer tactile sensation can be imparted to an indicator such as a finger.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an electrode configuration in the intersection area CA of the tactile sensation electrode group 6 and the column electrode group 7 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing only the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3 that are the first and second touch detection electrodes in the intersection area CA.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing only the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 which are the first and second tactile sensation generating electrodes. 2 to 4, in order to facilitate the shape recognition of the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5, the display of the excitation electrode 2 is simplified in FIGS. However, the display of the excitation electrode 2 is omitted.
- each of the electrodes 3 to 5 is made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide).
- ITO Indium Tin Oxide
- the excitation electrodes 2 formed on the back side of the transparent substrate are arranged in the row direction (X direction in the figure). It is a rectangular electrode in plan view that extends.
- the adjacent excitation electrodes 2 and 2 are arranged in the column direction (Y direction in the figure) with a fine gap of several tens of ⁇ m.
- a plurality of excitation electrodes 2 are arranged so as to overlap in plan view with the entire arrangement region of the electrodes 3 to 5 formed on the surface side of the transparent substrate.
- the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 formed on the back side of the transparent substrate are driven with a low impedance of, for example, about several tens of ohms to several hundreds of ohms outside the touch screen 1 at the time of touch detection. That is, the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 are set to a conductive state, not a floating state, by being set to a charging voltage for excitation pulse or a GND voltage (ground voltage).
- the propagation to the plurality of detection electrodes 3 of noise generated due to driving of a display panel such as a liquid crystal display panel used in combination on the back side of the touch screen 1 is shielded by the plurality of excitation electrodes 2. be able to.
- the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 are fixed potentials having a low impedance property for setting a GND voltage outside the touch screen 1. Connected to the node. For this reason, a tactile sensation generating signal having a high voltage (several tens to several hundreds of volts) tactile sensation generating voltage applied to the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 is supplied to various electrodes and display elements of the display panel. Thus, the propagation to the display panel can be shielded by the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 so as not to be mixed with the signal noise and cause unevenness of the display image.
- the plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 formed on the surface side of the transparent substrate are all formed of a transparent conductive film with the same formation height. Therefore, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 can be formed as the same wiring layer (first wiring layer).
- each tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 includes a plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes / main portions 40 (first tactile sensation generating main portions) and a plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes / intersections 41. (A first tactile sensation generating intersection) and a combination structure.
- the tactile sensation generating row electrode / main part 40 has a substantially square rhombus shape in plan view, and two opposing corners are arranged along the row direction and the column direction. 41 is formed to extend in the row direction with a width that is sufficiently narrower than the maximum width of the tactile sensation generating row electrode / main portion 40 in the column direction (Y direction).
- the left and right apex corners that are opposite to each other in the row direction are used for generating tactile sensations.
- the structure connected by the row electrode / intersection 41 is shown.
- the electrode shapes of the detection electrode 3 other than the excitation electrode 2, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 are also shown in a rectangular shape for convenience of explanation.
- the shielding effect of the excitation electrode 2 that functions as the first touch detection electrode with respect to the tactile sensation row electrode 4 can be improved, and the high voltage tactile sensation generation voltage is set to the “H” level.
- the generated signal is applied to the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4, it is possible to more effectively suppress the occurrence of display defects such as display unevenness due to a part of the tactile sensation generating signal mixed as noise in the display panel.
- the ratio of the first pitch, which is the column direction arrangement pitch between the excitation electrodes 2, 2, and the second pitch, which is the column direction arrangement pitch between the tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4, 4, is an integer ratio of 3: 1.
- each detection electrode 3 has a combination structure of a plurality of detection electrodes / main portions 30 (main portions for detection) and a plurality of detection electrodes / intersection portions 31 (intersection portions for detection).
- the detection electrode / main portion 30 has a substantially square rhombus shape in plan view, two opposing corner portions are arranged along the row direction and the column direction, and the detection electrode / intersection portion 31 is formed in the row direction.
- the width is sufficiently narrower than the maximum width of the detection electrode / main portion 30 and extends in the column direction.
- the detection electrode / intersection 31 is made of a metal film.
- each tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 includes a plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes / main portions 50 (second tactile sensation generating main portions) and a plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes / intersections 51 (first 2 and a tactile sensation generating intersection).
- the tactile sensation generating column electrode / main part 50 has a substantially square rhombus shape in plan view, and two opposing corners are arranged along the row direction and the column direction. 51 is formed extending in the column direction with a width that is sufficiently narrower than the maximum width of the tactile sensation generating column electrode / main portion 50 in the row direction.
- the tactile sensation is generated between the upper and lower apex corners that are opposite corners in the column direction. They are connected by the column electrode / intersection 51 for use.
- the tactile sensation generating column electrode / intersection 51 is made of a metal film.
- the detection electrode / main part 30, the tactile sensation row electrode / main part 40, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode which are the main parts of the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5.
- the main portion 50 has an equivalent rhombus shape in plan view, and as shown in FIG. 2, the main portions 30, 40, 50 are arranged in a plane with a uniform gap (gap) without overlapping in plan view.
- a tactile sensation generating row electrode / intersection 41 of the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 formed as a first wiring layer as a lower wiring layer;
- An interlayer insulating film is provided between the detection electrode 3 and the detection electrode / intersection 31 of the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode / intersection 51 formed as the second wiring layer as the upper wiring layer.
- An insulating part consisting of Therefore, the detection electrodes 3 and the tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 and the tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 can be crossed in a plan view without electrical conduction. The layer structure will be described later.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the cross-sectional configuration along AA in FIG. Note that the reference numerals in parentheses in FIG. 5 indicate the case of the BB cross-sectional configuration in FIG.
- an excitation electrode 2 is formed of a transparent conductive film on the back surface of a glass substrate 33 which is a transparent substrate, and a transparent protective film 34 is formed so as to cover the excitation electrode 2.
- the entire tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 (only the tactile sensation generating row electrode / intersection 41 is shown in FIG. 5) and the detection electrode 3 are formed of a transparent conductive film.
- the main portion 30 and the main portion 50 of the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 are formed. That is, the detection electrode / main portion 30, the tactile sensation generating row electrode / intersection 41, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode / main portion 50 are formed at the same formation height together with the tactile sensation generating row electrode / main portion 40. Therefore, it can be simultaneously manufactured as the first wiring layer.
- the insulating film 32 made of a transparent interlayer insulating film made of silicon nitride or the like is the tactile sensation generating row electrode / intersecting portion 41. It is formed so as to cover.
- the detection electrode / intersection 31 (tactile sensation generating column electrode / intersection 51) made of a metal film is formed so as to get over the insulating film 32, so that the detection electrode / main part 30, 30 (tactile sensation generation) occurs.
- the column electrode and the main part 50, 50) are connected and electrically connected.
- the detection electrode / intersection 31 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode / intersection 51 formed on the insulating film 32 are formed after the first wiring layer and are formed higher than the first wiring layer. Therefore, it is included in the second wiring layer that needs to be manufactured in a manufacturing process different from the first wiring.
- charge accumulation is performed on the upper layer of the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5.
- a high-resistance and transparent charge storage layer 35 is formed, and a transparent protective film 36 is formed thereon.
- the surface of the protective film 36 becomes an operation surface OS of a pointer such as a finger.
- the charge storage layer 35 a layer containing tin oxide and titanium oxide as main components is known.
- each of the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 includes the main portions 30, 40, and 50 and intersecting portions having a narrower formation width in the row direction or the column direction. It is comprised by the combined structure with 31,41,51.
- the entire tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 is formed as a first wiring layer on the surface side of the glass substrate 33, and at least the main part 30 of the detection electrode 3 and at least the main part 50 of the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 are: It is formed as a first wiring layer.
- the plurality of detection electrodes / main portions 30 and the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes / main portions 50 are arranged at equal intervals in the column direction, and the tactile sensation generating row electrodes / main portions 40 are equally spaced along the row direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the detection electrode / main part 30, the tactile sensation row electrode / main part 40, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode / main part 50 overlap each other in plan view. They are not spaced apart from each other.
- the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 each extending in the row direction are provided on the back surface of the glass substrate 33, and each on the surface of the glass substrate 33 is in the column direction.
- the surface of the glass substrate 33 is provided with a plurality of detection electrodes 3 extending, a plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 each extending in the row direction, and a plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 each extending in the column direction.
- the side is the operating surface OS.
- the excitation electrode 2 and the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 are formed independently of each other, and the detection electrode 3 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 are formed independently of each other.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the touch panel device of Embodiment 1 having a tactile sensation generating function.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing the schematic operation timing of the touch panel device of the first embodiment. Here, a case is shown in which the number of excitation electrodes 2 and tactile sensation electrode groups 6 in the touch screen 1 is m, and the number of column electrode groups 7 is n.
- the touch panel device includes a touch detection circuit unit 67 that controls a touch detection operation as a control circuit unit of the touch screen 1, and a tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 that controls a generation operation of a tactile sensation generation signal.
- the touch detection circuit unit 67 includes an excitation pulse generation circuit 60, a charge detection circuit 61, a touch coordinate calculation circuit 62, and a touch detection control circuit 63.
- the excitation pulse generation circuit 60 sequentially generates m excitation pulse signals S60.
- the charge detection circuit 61 detects a charge corresponding to the n column electrode groups 7 based on a signal obtained from the detection electrodes 3 of the n column electrode groups 7 and generates a charge detection result D61 (capacitance derivation data). Output.
- the charge detection result D61 has a value corresponding to the mutual capacitance between the excitation electrode 2 to which the excitation pulse signal S60 is applied and the n detection electrodes 3.
- the charge detection circuit 61 can recognize the excitation electrode 2 to which the excitation pulse signal S60 is applied among the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 by the control signal from the touch detection control circuit 63.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 calculates the coordinates touched by an indicator such as a finger based on the charge detection result D61 to obtain detection coordinate data D62, and outputs the detection coordinate data D62 to the outside and the tactile voltage generation circuit unit 68.
- the touch detection control circuit 63 controls operations of the excitation pulse generation circuit 60, the charge detection circuit 61, and the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 includes a tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 64, a tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 65, and a tactile sensation generation control circuit 66.
- the tactile sensation voltage generating circuit 64 outputs a tactile sensation generating signal S64 (second tactile sensation generating signal) to the n tactile sensation generating column electrodes Whx1 (1) to Whx1 (n), and the tactile sensation voltage generating circuit 65 includes m tactile sensations.
- a tactile sensation generation signal S65 (first tactile sensation generation signal) is output to the generating row electrodes Why1 (1) to Why1 (m).
- the tactile sensation generation control circuit 66 controls the operation of the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 64 and the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 65 based on the detected coordinate data D62.
- the excitation pulse signal S60 (excitation pulse signal) is sent from the excitation pulse generation circuit 60 to the first excitation electrode Wty (1) at the conversion timing CT1 according to the touch detection control signal from the touch detection control circuit 63. (Charging pulse signal)) is applied, and interelectrode capacitance (mutual capacitance) between each of the detection electrodes Wtx (1),..., Wtx (n) intersecting the excitation electrode Wty (1) in plan view.
- the charge detection circuit 61 After charging, the charge detection circuit 61 detects the charge through each detection electrode Wtx (i), and after A / D conversion, the charge corresponding to the mutual capacitance of the first row as the excitation electrode Wty (1) The detection result D61 is output to the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62.
- the excitation pulse signal S60 is sequentially applied at the conversion timings CT2 to CTm after the excitation electrode (excitation electrode Wty (2)) in the second row from the excitation pulse generation circuit 60, and the excitation electrode Wty (j ) And the charge detection result 61 corresponding to the mutual capacitance corresponding to the row is touched after the charge detection circuit 61 detects the charge charge of the mutual capacitance with each of the detection electrodes Wtx (i) intersecting. It outputs to the coordinate calculation circuit 62.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 detects charges corresponding to the mutual capacitances of all the intersections between the excitation electrodes 2 and the detection electrodes 3 that are input and held from the charge detection circuit 61. Based on the result D61, it is determined whether or not there is a touch by an indicator such as an operator's finger. When the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 determines that there is a touch, the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 calculates touch coordinates based on the charge detection result D61 that is determined to be touched to obtain detected coordinate data D62.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 can determine whether or not a touch has occurred by determining the degree of decrease in the mutual capacitance based on the degree of decrease in the charge detection result D61 corresponding to the mutual capacitance.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 uses the detection result of the intersection (intersection grid) and the surrounding intersection grid where the decrease degree of the charge detection result D61 is the highest when determining the occurrence of the touch, for example, arithmetic processing such as centroid calculation By performing the above, it is possible to calculate touch coordinates and obtain detected coordinate data D62.
- a tactile sensation voltage generation control signal is also sent from the touch detection control circuit 63 to the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 64 and the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 65.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 64 blocks all electrical connections with the tactile sensation generation column electrodes 5 in the touch detection period P1 based on the tactile sensation voltage generation control signal from the touch detection control circuit 63, and The tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 is set in a floating state.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 65 cuts off the electrical connection with all the tactile sensation generation row electrodes 4 in the touch detection period P1 based on the tactile sensation voltage generation control signal from the touch detection control circuit 63, and The tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 is brought into a floating state.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuits 64 and 65 By the operation of the tactile sensation voltage generation circuits 64 and 65, the electric field formed between the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3 is shielded by the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 in the touch detection period P1. It is possible to prevent the decrease in the degree of change in the mutual capacitance between the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3 caused by the touch operation of the indicator, that is, the decrease in the touch detection sensitivity.
- detection coordinate data D62 is calculated, and in the touch coordinate transmission period P3, according to the touch coordinate data transmission timing TT from the touch detection control circuit 63.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 sends detected coordinate data D62 to the outside of the apparatus. At this time, the detected coordinate data D62 is also output to the tactile sensation generation control circuit 66.
- the timing chart shown in FIG. 7 shows a case where it is determined that there is a touch. However, when it is determined that there is no touch, touch coordinate calculation is not performed and the process returns to the touch detection period P1. In order to enable this processing, the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 gives a signal indicating the determination result of the presence / absence of the touch to the touch detection control circuit 63.
- the touch detection circuit unit 67 uses the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3 of the touch screen 1 to determine the presence / absence of the touch while acquiring the charge detection result D61, and detects the coordinate data D62 when the touch is determined. A series of operations for calculating touch coordinates is executed.
- the tactile sensation generation control circuit 66 performs a plurality of operations based on the received detected coordinate data D62. It is determined whether the touch position is in the vicinity of the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 among the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5.
- the tactile sensation generating row electrode Why1 (q) and the tactile sensation generating column electrode Whx1 (p) are the first and second selective tactile sensation generating electrodes.
- the tactile sensation generation control circuit 66 uses the charge detection result D61 corresponding to the mutual capacitance instead of the calculated detection coordinate data D62, and the touch position is the tactile sensation generation column electrode Whx1 (p) and the tactile sensation generation row electrode Why1 ( It may be determined that it is in the vicinity of q).
- the tactile sensation generation control circuit 66 may determine the tactile sensation generation column electrode Whx1 (p) and the tactile sensation generation row electrode Why1 (q) based on at least one of the charge detection result D61 and the detected coordinate data D62.
- the tactile sensation generation control circuit 66 outputs a tactile sensation generation control signal to the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 64 so as to apply a tactile sensation generation signal to the tactile sensation generation column electrode Whx1 (p).
- a tactile sensation generation control signal is output to the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 65 so that the tactile sensation generation signal is applied to (q).
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 64 and the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 65 apply the tactile sensation generation signals S64 and S65 to the tactile sensation generation column electrode Whx1 (p) and the tactile sensation generation row electrode Why1 (q), respectively.
- the tactile sensation generation signals S64 and S65 are both pulse signals having a predetermined width with a peak voltage (tactile sensation generation voltage) of several tens of volts as an “H” pulse as compared with the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3. .
- the layer applied potential V35 is charged to a high voltage corresponding to the generation period of the tactile sensation generation voltage when the pulse signal of the tactile sensation generation signal is “H” level, and charged while the pulse signal of the tactile sensation generation signal is “L” level. The charge is discharged.
- the vicinity of the intersection region of the tactile sensation generating column electrode Whx1 (p) and the tactile sensation generating row electrode Why1 (q) is caused by capacitive coupling with the respective electrodes Why1 (q) and Whx1 (p).
- Charging / discharging is repeated with a pulse voltage having a peak voltage approximately twice as high as the “H” level of the pulse signal. At this time, a tactile sensation is generated by the electrostatic force between the charged charge storage layer 35 and the finger.
- the tactile sensation generation voltage is set so that the finger tactile sensation threshold is between the “H” level of the tactile sensation generation signal and the charge voltage approximately twice that of the tactile sensation generation signal.
- a tactile sensation can be imparted to the finger touched in the vicinity of the intersection area between the electrode Whx1 (p) and the tactile sensation generating row electrode Why1 (q).
- the generation period and application period of the pulse signals in the tactile sensation generation signals S64 and S65 are appropriately set according to the tactile sensation to be applied.
- a sine wave signal may be used instead of the pulse signal as the tactile sensation generation signals S64 and S65.
- the operation returns to the operation of the touch detection period P1.
- the touch panel device repeats a series of operations according to the presence or absence of touch determination.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 includes the tactile sensation generating column electrode Whx1 to which a tactile sensation generating signal is applied, among the plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 and the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 of the touch screen 1. (P) and the tactile sensation generating row electrode Why1 (j) are determined, and the tactile sensation generating voltage is set to “H” level in the tactile sensation generating column electrode Whx1 (p) and the tactile sensation generating row electrode Why1 (j). A series of tactile voltage generation operations for applying the signals S64 and S65 are performed.
- the tactile sensation generation control circuit 66 gives a control signal to the charge detection circuit 61 during the tactile sensation generation signal application period P5 to place all the detection electrodes Wtx (1) to Wtx (n) in a floating state, thereby detecting the detection electrodes Wtx ( 1)
- the electric field shielding function by Wtx (n) is invalidated, and the decrease in tactile sensation imparted to an indicator such as a finger is suppressed.
- the excitation electrode 2 formed on the back side of the glass substrate 33 which is a transparent electrode, is fixed to the GND potential at a low impedance outside the touch screen 1, and a high voltage tactile sensation is generated. It acts as a shield electrode for the tactile sensation generation signal with the working voltage set to the “H” level.
- a touch generation signal in which the “H” level is set to a high voltage for generating a touch is generated for a display panel that is generally arranged in combination on the back side of the glass substrate 33 in the touch panel device. It is possible to prevent display defects such as display unevenness due to mixing as noise.
- n excitation electrodes 2 may be fixed to a potential other than the GND potential as long as they are fixed at a low impedance.
- the touch panel device includes the touch detection circuit unit 67 and the tactile voltage generation circuit unit 68 in addition to the touch screen 1.
- the touch detection circuit unit 67 applies a charge detection result D61 corresponding to the mutual capacitance between the plurality of excitation electrodes 2 and the plurality of detection electrodes 3 while selectively applying the excitation pulse signal S60 to the plurality of excitation electrodes 2. Based on this, the presence / absence of touch on the operation surface OS by the indicator is determined. When it is determined that there is a touch, the touch coordinates on the operation surface OS are calculated based on the charge detection result D61 to obtain detected coordinate data D62. Yes.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 is based on the detected coordinate data D62 obtained by the touch detection circuit unit 67, and the tactile sensation generation signal is selected from the plurality of tactile sensation row electrodes 4 and the plurality of tactile sensation generation column electrodes 5.
- the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 are determined as the selection / tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the selection / tactile sensation generating column electrode 5, and the selection / tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the selection / A tactile sensation generating signal is applied to the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5.
- the charge detection circuit 61 uses the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3 of the touch screen 1 to have mutual capacitance.
- the corresponding charge detection result D61 (capacitance derivation data) is detected, and the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 performs touch determination based on the degree of change in the charge detection result D61.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 calculates detected coordinate data D62.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 applies a tactile sensation generation signal to the selection / tactile sensation generation row electrode 4 and the selection / tactile sensation generation column electrode 5 corresponding to the touch coordinates based on the detected coordinate data D62, and intersects them.
- tactile sensation feedback is performed for the input operation by the operator's finger.
- a low impedance state is set on the surface of the glass substrate 33 by the excitation electrode 2 that is the first touch detection electrode provided on the back surface of the glass substrate 33. It is possible to shield the detection electrode 3 that is the second touch detection electrode and the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 that are the first and second tactile sensation generating electrodes. As a result, it is possible to suppress the drive noise from the display panel, which is generally arranged in combination on the back surface side of the glass substrate 33, from being mixed into the detection electrode 3, and further, the row electrode 4 for selection / tactile sensation generation. In addition, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of display defects such as display unevenness due to the tactile sensation generation signal applied to the selection / tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 being mixed into the display panel as noise.
- the excitation electrode 2 and the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the detection electrode 3 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 are provided completely independently of each other, a high withstand voltage required for conduction / cutoff of the tactile sensation generation signal is provided.
- the circuit configuration of the touch panel device can be simplified as much as the switch circuit and the like can be omitted.
- the first pitch in the column direction between the excitation electrodes 2 and 2 set based on the desired touch coordinate accuracy and the second pitch in the row direction of the detection electrodes 3 and 3 are set based on the required tactile resolution.
- the third pitch in the column direction between the tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 and 4 and the fourth pitch in the row direction such as between the tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 and 5 can be set differently. Therefore, the inter-electrode pitch of the first and second pitches and the third and fourth pitches is made narrower than necessary to complicate the device configuration, or the touch coordinates are made wider than necessary. There is no sacrifice in accuracy or tactile generation resolution.
- the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 are directly formed on the surface of the glass substrate 33 which is a single transparent substrate, and the excitation electrode 2 is directly formed on the back surface. Therefore, for example, compared with the case where two substrates are used for the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3, and the tactile sensation row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generation column electrode 5, the touch screen is increased.
- the thickness in the vertical direction (Z direction in FIGS. 1 to 5) can be reduced.
- At least the detection electrode / main portion 30 of the detection electrode 3 and at least the tactile sensation generating column electrode / main portion 50 of the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5, and the tactile sensation generating row electrode / main portion 40 including the tactile sensation generating row electrode / main portion 40. can be simultaneously formed as the same wiring layer (first wiring layer), so that the structure of the touch screen 1 can be simplified. Furthermore, the manufacturing process of the touch screen 1 can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
- Detection electrode 3 formed on the surface of glass substrate 33, tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 detecting electrode / main part 30, tactile sensation generating row electrode / main part 40 and tactile sensation generating column electrode Since the main portion 50 is arranged without overlapping in plan view, an interelectrode capacitance (mutual capacitance) formed between the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3 caused by contact / proximity of an indicator such as an operator's finger Is inhibited by the presence of the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5. Thereby, the fall of the touch detection sensitivity of a touchscreen apparatus provided with the touch screen 1 can be suppressed.
- the detection electrode / main part 30, the tactile sensation generating row electrode / main part 40, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode / main part 50 are arranged without overlapping in plan view, thereby suppressing a reduction in the transmittance of display light. can do.
- the first pitch which is the columnar arrangement pitch of the excitation electrodes 2, and the third pitch, which is the columnar arrangement pitch of the tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4, are configured to have an integer ratio (3: 1). Since they are regularly arranged, non-uniformity in transmittance due to uneven overlapping between the excitation electrode 2 and the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 does not occur. Due to the presence of the overlapping unevenness, it is possible to suppress the electrodes 2, 4 and the like from being visually recognized.
- the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 formed on the surface of the glass substrate 33 are regularly arranged without overlapping in plan view. Therefore, the non-uniformity of transmittance due to uneven overlapping of the excitation electrode 2 provided on the back surface of the glass substrate 33 and the detection electrode 3 provided on the front surface, the row electrode 4 for generating tactile sensation, or the column electrode 5 for generating tactile sensation. Does not occur. The presence of the overlapping unevenness can prevent the electrodes 2 to 4 from being visually recognized.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 sets all the tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 to be in a floating state, whereby the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3 are set.
- the electric field formed between them is prevented from being shielded by the presence of the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5, and the degree of change in mutual capacitance between the excitation electrode 2 and the detection electrode 3 caused by the touch operation is prevented.
- a decrease that is, a decrease in touch detection sensitivity can be suppressed.
- the excitation electrode 2 is made of a transparent conductive film, but it is necessary to increase the film thickness of the transparent conductive film in order to further reduce the electrode resistance.
- the film thickness of the transparent conductive film is increased, the transmittance of the display light is reduced, or the short wavelength side of the display light is more absorbed, and the yellowish coloring becomes prominent.
- the touch screen 1B according to the second embodiment adopts a configuration in which the excitation electrode 2 is configured from a mesh structure of fine metal wiring.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the structure of the excitation electrode 2B viewed from the back side of the touch screen 1B.
- the touch screen 1B has the same configuration as the touch screen 1 of the first embodiment except for the configuration of the excitation electrode 2B.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of the touch screen 1B shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration corresponding to the AA cross section of FIG.
- the excitation electrode 2B formed on the back surface of the glass substrate 33, which is a transparent substrate has two metal mesh diagonally straight portions 21 formed of fine metal wiring. And the metal wiring mesh structure by 22 is exhibited.
- the metal mesh slanting straight line portion 21 is a plurality of metal wirings extending in the ⁇ 45 ° direction (upper left direction) in the XY plane of FIG. 8, and the metal mesh slanting straight line portion 22 is + 45 ° in the XY plane of FIG. A plurality of metal wirings extending in a direction (lower left direction).
- the metal mesh diagonal straight portions 21 and 22 have an inclination of about 45 ° with respect to the row direction and the column direction and are orthogonal to each other, the metal mesh diagonal straight portion 21 and the metal mesh diagonal linear portion 22 cross each other in plan view.
- the third and fourth directions which are the formation directions of the metal mesh oblique straight portions 21 and 22, are the row direction (X direction) that is the formation direction of the excitation electrode 2B and the columns that are the width direction of the excitation electrode 2B. It is set in a direction that intersects any of the directions.
- the combination of the metal mesh slanting straight portions 21 and 22 makes it possible to obtain an excitation electrode 2B having a low electrical resistance in a mesh structure provided with a lattice-like space.
- the excitation electrode 2B has a fine metal wiring mesh structure formed of the metal mesh diagonal straight portions 21 and 22, so that the electrode resistance of the excitation electrode 2B can be reduced.
- the fine metal wiring constituting the metal mesh oblique straight portions 21 and 22 has a resistance value that is one digit lower than that of the transparent conductive film. For this reason, it becomes possible to improve the shielding effect by the excitation electrode 2B with respect to the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5.
- the display light does not pass through the two transparent conductive films, but substantially passes through the single transparent conductive film (the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation row electrode 4, or the tactile sensation generation column electrode 5). As a result, the yellowish color characteristic of the transparent conductive film can be reduced.
- the back surface of the glass substrate 33 is provided by providing the excitation electrode 2B having a metal wiring mesh structure by a combination of the metal mesh diagonal straight portions 21 and 22 formed along the third and fourth directions. Moire fringes due to interference with the pixel grid of the display panel arranged in combination on the side can be reduced. This is because the pixel lattice of the display panel provided on the back surface side of the glass substrate 33 is generally arranged along the row direction and the column direction (X direction and Y direction), so that the mesh is the third and fourth meshes. This is because the influence of blocking the display light of the display panel due to the metal wiring mesh structure provided along the direction can be avoided.
- a metal wiring having a width of several ⁇ m so that the fine metal wiring constituting the metal mesh oblique straight portions 21 and 22 is not visually recognized.
- a metal material used for the metal mesh diagonal straight portions 21 and 22 a material such as aluminum or copper can be used.
- the configuration and operation of the touch panel device are the same as those of the touch panel device of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 except that the touch screen 1 is replaced with the touch screen 1B.
- the touch screen 1 includes a detection electrode 3 formed on the front surface side of the glass substrate 33, a tactile sensation row electrode 4, by an excitation electrode 2 formed on the back surface of the glass substrate 33, which is a transparent substrate.
- the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 is shielded.
- lead wires 9, 10 and 11 (first type, second type and third type lead wires) from the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 are further described.
- shield electrodes for the plurality of front surface side terminals 12 are formed on the back surface side.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view schematically showing a configuration of a touch screen having a tactile sensation generating function according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- a plurality of lead wires 9 to 11 electrically connected to the plurality of detection electrodes 3, the plurality of tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4, and the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 overlap in plan view.
- the shield electrode 70 is formed.
- the shield electrode 70 is configured to overlap the plurality of surface side terminals 12 in plan view. Note that components similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.
- the shield electrode 70 is formed in the same wiring layer as the excitation electrode 2 and the back surface side terminal 13 on the back surface of the glass substrate 33, and has the left end in the figure among the plurality of back surface side terminals 13 for the excitation electrode 2. It is electrically connected to the back side terminal 13L via the lead wiring 71.
- the back side terminal 13L to which the shield electrode 70 is connected is connected to GND outside the touch screen 1C.
- the shield electrode 70 includes a plurality of lead wires 9 to 11 and a plurality of surface side terminals 12 (a plurality of surface-side terminals 12) that are electrically connected to the detection electrode 3, the tactile-sensing row electrode 4, and the tactile-sensing column electrode 5.
- the shield function for the external connection terminal can be exhibited.
- a drive signal from a display panel that is generally arranged in combination on the back side is propagated as noise to the lead-out wiring 9 of the detection electrode 3 and the front-side terminal 12 to which the lead-out wiring 9 is connected. You can shield it. Furthermore, tactile sensation generating signals applied to the lead wiring 10 of the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4, the lead out wiring 11 of the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5, and the surface side terminal 12 to which the lead out wirings 10, 11 are connected are sent to the display panel. It is possible to shield the propagation as noise.
- the excitation electrode 2 of Embodiment 1 was shown, it may replace with the excitation electrode 2 and the excitation electrode 2B of Embodiment 2 may be employ
- the configuration and operation of the touch panel device are the same as those of the touch panel device of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 except that the touch screen 1 is replaced with the touch screen 1C.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an electrode configuration in the intersection area CA of the tactile row electrode group 106 and the column electrode group 107 and in the vicinity thereof in the fourth embodiment.
- the intersection area CA corresponds to the tolerance area CA of FIG.
- the constituent parts 2 to 7 in FIG. 1 correspond to constituent parts 102 to 107 described later in the fourth embodiment
- the lead-out wiring 10 corresponds to the segment electrode wiring 116.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, and the shapes of the electrodes 2 to 5 are shown in a rectangular shape for convenience of explanation.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view showing only the excitation electrode 102 and the detection electrode 103 which are the first and second touch detection electrodes in the intersection area CA.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view showing only the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 which are the first and second tactile sensation generating electrodes in the intersection area CA.
- a plurality of tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 formed independently of the plurality of excitation electrodes 102 on the surface side of the transparent substrate 33 are separated and arranged in a matrix (in the X and Y directions). Separated).
- Each tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 has a comb-tooth portion 104t (first comb-tooth portion) having a comb-like shape in plan view as a whole.
- the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 105 are formed independently of the plurality of detection electrodes 103, and each has a comb-tooth-like portion 105 t in a comb-like shape in plan view for several rows (at least two) along the column direction.
- the second comb teeth are connected and meandered while being meandered.
- a corresponding comb tooth portion 104t (tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104) is arranged so as to be engaged with each of the plurality of tactile sensation generating column electrodes 105 while maintaining a gap with each comb tooth portion 105t.
- the entire structure of the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 is a comb tooth portion 104t.
- the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 may have a structure having a comb tooth portion 104t in part.
- one tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 is provided on each of the left and right sides, and two comb teeth of each of the left and right tactile sensation generating column electrodes 105 are provided.
- a total of four tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 (comb teeth 104t) are provided along the column direction with respect to the portion 105t.
- the comb tooth portion 105t that is the second comb tooth portion and the comb tooth portion 104t that is the first comb tooth portion are opposed to each other along the row direction (X direction) (each comb of the comb tooth portion 104t).
- the teeth extend in the ⁇ X direction, and each comb tooth of the comb tooth portion 105t extends in the + X direction.
- the detection electrode 103 which is a second touch detection electrode is extended in the column direction while maintaining a gap between the tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 arranged along the two tactile sensation generating column electrodes 105. Is placed.
- the detection electrode 103 has a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the first touch detection is performed by extending in the row direction on the back surface side of the transparent substrate 33.
- An excitation electrode 102 which is a working electrode, is provided.
- the tactile sensation generating column electrodes 105 of each column are assumed. Are the comb teeth 104t and the comb teeth corresponding to each other between the alpha (at least two) tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 in the same row and the alpha comb teeth 104t and the ⁇ comb teeth 105t. It arrange
- the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 are formed without overlapping in plan view, and the detection electrode 103 is planar with the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105, respectively. It is formed without visual overlap.
- a segment electrode wiring 116 to the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 is provided in a gap region between each tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 or the detection electrode 103 and is connected to a terminal portion (not shown).
- the segment electrode wiring 116 may be a fine metal wiring or the like.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the CC cross-sectional configuration of FIG.
- an excitation electrode 102 is formed of a transparent conductive film on the back surface of a glass substrate 33 that is a transparent substrate, and a transparent protective film 34 is formed to cover the excitation electrode 102.
- the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104, the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105, and the detection electrode 103 are formed of the transparent conductive film on the same wiring layer on the surface of the glass substrate 33. That is, the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 can be simultaneously manufactured as the same wiring layer formed at the same formation height on the surface of the glass substrate 33.
- the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- a high-resistance transparent charge accumulation layer 35 for charge accumulation is formed on the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation segment electrode 104, and the tactile sensation generation column electrode 105, and a transparent protective film 36 is further formed thereon. Forming.
- the surface of the protective film 36 becomes an operation surface OS of a pointer such as a finger.
- the comb teeth 104t constituting each tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 maintains a gap with the corresponding comb teeth 105t of the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105. Arranged to mesh.
- the plurality of tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 separated and arranged in a matrix form are independently connected to the corresponding segment electrode wirings 116.
- the segment electrode wiring 116 is connected to an external FPC (Flexible Print Print Circuit) via the surface side terminal 12.
- FPC wiring is provided so that the tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 corresponding to the same row are electrically connected in common. That is, the FPC wiring portion corresponding to each row plays an electrically equivalent role to the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 in the first embodiment.
- each of the m tactile sensation electrode groups 106 includes a tactile sensation generating segment electrode Why1 (j) arranged in the upper direction ( ⁇ Y direction side) along the row direction, and a lower part (+ Y direction side) in the row direction.
- a plurality of tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 are arranged in a matrix of m (rows) ⁇ n (columns) shown in FIG. 6 (in addition, 2 ⁇ 2 tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 are formed in the intersection area CA. (2m ⁇ 2n) segment electrode wirings 116 connected to the plurality of tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 are independently connected to the surface side terminals 12 respectively. . And the surface side terminal 12 and the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 are electrically connected through, for example, an FPC wiring.
- the tactile sensation generating segment electrodes Why1 (j) arranged in the row direction above the tactile sense electrode groups 106 are commonly connected by the FPC wiring and arranged in the lower portion along the row direction.
- the tactile sensation generating segment electrode Why2 (j) is commonly connected by FPC wiring.
- the number of wirings commonly connected by the FPC is m for the tactile sensation segment electrodes Why1 and Why2, and 2 m in total.
- the 2 m wirings of the FPC correspond to the tactile sensation generating row electrodes in the first embodiment.
- the wiring in which the tactile sensation generating segment electrodes Why1 (q) arranged in the row direction are connected to the upper part of the q-th tactile sensation electrode group 106 in the FPC is simulated.
- the selection / tactile sensation generating row electrode (first selection tactile sensation generating electrode) becomes the pth tactile sensation generating column electrode Whx1 (p).
- the selection / tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 (second selection tactile sensation generating electrode) )
- the tactile sensation generating voltage from the tactile sensation voltage generating circuit (Y) 65 is applied to the upper part of the tactile row electrode group 106 in the q-th row via the FPC wiring portion, the surface side terminal 12 and the segment electrode wiring 116. It is commonly applied to the tactile sensation segment electrode array 104 arranged in the row direction.
- the excitation electrode 102 which is the first touch detection electrode which is set in the low impedance state and is provided on the back surface of the glass substrate 33 is used.
- the detection electrode 103 which is the second touch detection electrode provided on the surface, the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 which are the first and second tactile sensation generating electrodes can be shielded. .
- the tactile sensation generating signal applied to the selection / tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the selection / tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 in the same row electrically connected to the display panel is mixed as noise in the display panel, resulting in display defects such as display unevenness. Occurrence can be suppressed.
- the excitation electrode 102 and the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the detection electrode 103 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 are provided completely independently of each other, a high withstand voltage required for conduction / cutoff of the tactile sensation generation signal is provided.
- the circuit configuration of the touch panel device can be simplified as much as the switch circuit and the like can be omitted.
- the first pitch in the column direction between the excitation electrodes 102 and 102 set based on the desired touch coordinate accuracy and the second pitch in the row direction of the detection electrodes 103 and 103 are set based on the required tactile resolution.
- the third pitch in the column direction between the tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104 and 104 and the fourth pitch in the row direction between the tactile sensation generating column electrodes 105 and 105 can be set differently. Therefore, the inter-electrode pitch of the first and second pitches and the third and fourth pitches is made narrower than necessary to complicate the device configuration, or the touch coordinates are made wider than necessary. There is no sacrifice in accuracy or tactile generation resolution.
- the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the first pitch of the excitation electrodes 102 is set to be twice the third pitch of the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104.
- the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 are directly formed on the surface of the glass substrate 33, which is a single transparent substrate, and the excitation electrode 102 is directly formed on the back surface. Therefore, for example, compared with the case where two substrates are used for the excitation electrode 102 and the detection electrode 103, and the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105, the touch screen is increased.
- the thickness in the vertical direction (Z direction in FIGS. 11 to 14) can be reduced.
- the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 are formed at the same formation height, the same wiring layer (first wiring layer) can be simultaneously formed.
- the structure can be simplified. Further, the manufacturing process of the touch screen 1D can be simplified to reduce the cost.
- the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 formed on the surface of the glass substrate 33 are arranged without overlapping in plan view, contact of an indicator such as an operator's finger / It is possible to suppress the change in interelectrode capacitance (mutual capacitance) formed between the excitation electrode 102 and the detection electrode 103 caused by proximity from being hindered by the presence of the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105. Thereby, the fall of the touch detection sensitivity of a touch panel apparatus provided with touch screen 1D can be suppressed.
- the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105 are arranged without overlapping in plan view, it is possible to suppress a reduction in the transmittance of display light.
- the detection electrodes 103, the tactile sensation generating segment electrodes 104, and the tactile sensation generating column electrodes 105 formed on the surface of the glass substrate 33 are regularly arranged without overlapping in plan view.
- the nonuniformity of the transmittance due to the overlapping unevenness between the excitation electrode 102 and the detection electrode 103 provided on the surface, the tactile sensation segment electrode 104 or the tactile sensation generation column electrode 105 does not occur.
- the presence of the overlapping unevenness can prevent the electrodes 102 to 104 from being visually recognized.
- the electrode resistance of the excitation electrode 102 is reduced, It is possible to improve the shielding effect by the excitation electrode 102 with respect to the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104, and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105.
- the display light does not pass through the two transparent conductive films but substantially passes through the single transparent conductive film (the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation segment electrode 104, or the tactile sensation generation column electrode 105). As a result, the yellowish color characteristic of the transparent conductive film can be reduced.
- the metal wiring mesh is formed by combining the metal mesh slanted straight portions 21 and 22 formed along the third and fourth directions.
- the shield electrode 70 includes a plurality of lead wires 9, a plurality of segment electrode wires 116, and a plurality of segment electrode wires 116 electrically connected to the detection electrode 103, the tactile sensation segment electrode 104, and the tactile sensation generation column electrode 105.
- a shielding function for the lead-out wiring 11 and the plurality of surface side terminals 12 (a plurality of external connection terminals) can be exhibited. 10 correspond to the constituent portions 102 to 107, and the lead-out wiring 10 corresponds to the segment electrode wiring 116.
- a drive signal from a display panel that is generally arranged in combination on the back side is propagated as noise to the lead-out wiring 9 of the detection electrode 103 and the front-side terminal 12 to which the lead-out wiring 9 is connected. You can shield it. Further, a tactile sensation generating signal applied to the segment electrode wiring 116 of the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104, the lead wiring 11 of the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105, and the surface side terminal 12 to which the wirings 116 and 11 are connected is displayed on the display panel. It can be shielded from propagating as noise.
- the charge detection circuit 61 is a touch screen.
- the charge detection result D61 (capacitance derivation data) corresponding to the mutual capacitance is detected using one excitation electrode 102 and detection electrode 103, and the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 performs touch determination based on the degree of change in the charge detection result D61. Do.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62 calculates detected coordinate data D62.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit 68 applies a tactile sensation generation signal to the pseudo selection / tactile sensation segment electrode 104 and the selection / tactile sensation generation column electrode 105 corresponding to the touch coordinates based on the detected coordinate data D62.
- tactile sensation feedback is performed for the input operation by the operator's finger.
- the excitation electrode 102 formed on the back surface side of the glass substrate 33 which is a transparent electrode, has a GND potential outside the touch screen 1. It is fixed at a low impedance, and acts as a shield electrode for a tactile sensation generating signal with a high voltage for generating a tactile sensation at “H” level.
- a touch generation signal in which the “H” level is set to a high voltage for generating a touch is generated for a display panel that is generally arranged in combination on the back side of the glass substrate 33 in the touch panel device. It is possible to prevent display defects such as display unevenness due to mixing as noise.
- the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 puts all the tactile sensation generation segment electrodes 104 and the tactile sensation generation column electrodes 105 into a floating state.
- the electric field formed between the excitation electrode 102 and the detection electrode 103 is prevented from being shielded by the presence of the tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 105, and the excitation generated by the touch operation is performed.
- a decrease in the degree of change in mutual capacitance between the electrode 102 and the detection electrode 103, that is, a decrease in touch detection sensitivity can be suppressed.
- the glass substrate 33 has been described as the transparent substrate.
- the present invention can be similarly applied to a film substrate instead of the glass substrate 33.
- the electrodes 2 to 5 are formed directly on the front surface and the back surface of the glass substrate 33, which is a transparent substrate. There is no need.
- the excitation electrode 2 only needs to be disposed closest to the back surface side ( ⁇ Z side) of the glass substrate 33 when viewed from the operation surface side, and the excitation electrode 2 formed on the back surface of the glass substrate 33.
- the excitation electrode 2 may be formed on the surface of the film substrate, and the back surface of the film substrate may be attached to the back surface of the glass substrate 33.
- the entire tactile sensation generating row electrode 4, the detection electrode / main portion 30, and the tactile sensation generating row electrode / main portion 40 are provided on the surface side of the glass substrate 33 which is a transparent substrate. Is used as the first wiring layer, and the detection electrode / intersection 31 and the tactile sensation generating column electrode / intersection 51 are formed as the second wiring layer stacked on the first wiring layer with the insulating film 32 interposed therebetween.
- the present invention is not limited to such a wiring layer configuration.
- the detection electrode 3, the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 and the tactile sensation generating row electrode / main portion 40 are formed as the first wiring layer, and the tactile sensation generating row electrode / intersection 41 is formed. You may comprise so that it may form as a 2nd wiring layer.
- the tactile sensation generating row electrode 4 (tactile sensation generating segment electrode 104) and the tactile sensation generating column electrode 5 (tactile sensation generating column electrode 105) to which the tactile sensation generation signal is applied have been described as one.
- a plurality of lines may be applied.
- a tactile sensation generating signal is applied to all three tactile sensation generating row electrodes 4 belonging to the common tactile sensation row electrode group 6, or a tactile sensation generating signal is applied to all two tactile sensation generating column electrodes 5 belonging to the column electrode group 7. May be applied.
- a tactile sensation may be given corresponding to the display image content.
- the touch detection circuit unit 67 and the tactile sensation voltage generation circuit unit 68 shown in FIG. 7 are all configured by hardware, but a part of the charge detection circuit 61, the touch coordinate calculation circuit 62, the touch detection control circuit 63, The tactile sensation generation control circuit 66 may be configured to be executed by program processing using a CPU based on software, for example.
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Abstract
Description
(全体構成)
図1はこの発明の実施の形態1である、触感発生機能を有するタッチスクリーンの構成を模式的に示す平面図である。図2~図4はそれぞれ図1の交差領域CA及びその周辺を模式的に示す平面図である。
図2は、図1に示した触感行電極群6及び列電極群7の交差領域CA及びその付近の電極構成を示す平面図である。また、図3は、交差領域CAにおいて、第1及び第2のタッチ検出用電極である励起電極2及び検出電極3のみを抜き出して示した平面図である。さらに、図4は、第1及び第2の触感発生用電極である触感発生用行電極4及び触感発生用列電極5のみを抜き出して示した平面図である。図2~図4において、検出電極3、触感発生用行電極4及び触感発生用列電極5の形状認識を容易にすべく、図2,図3では励起電極2の表示を簡略化し、図4では励起電極2の表示を省略している。
次に、触感発生機能を有する実施の形態1のタッチスクリーン1を備えたタッチパネル装置の動作について説明する。図6は触感発生機能を有する実施の形態1のタッチパネル装置の構成を示すブロック図である。また、図7は実施の形態1のタッチパネル装置の概略動作タイミングを示すタイミングチャートである。ここでは、タッチスクリーン1における励起電極2及び触感行電極群6の数をm本、列電極群7の数をn本、として構成する場合について示している。
透明基板であるガラス基板33の裏面側に形成される励起電極2による触感発生信号に対するシールド効果を上げるためには、励起電極2の電極抵抗を低抵抗化することが望ましい。実施の形態1においては、励起電極2を透明導電膜により構成したが、より電極抵抗を低減するためには透明導電膜の膜厚を上げる必要がある。ところが、透明導電膜の膜厚を上げると表示光の透過率を低下させたり、表示光の短波長側がより吸収されてしまったりして、黄色味を帯びた色付きが顕著になってしまう。
実施の形態1によるタッチスクリーン1は、透明基板であるガラス基板33の裏面上に形成された励起電極2により、ガラス基板33の表面側に形成された検出電極3、触感発生用行電極4、及び触感発生用列電極5をシールドするように構成した。
図11は、実施の形態4における触感行電極群106及び列電極群107の交差領域CA及びその付近の電極構成を示す平面図である。なお、交差領域CAは図1の公差領域CAに相当する。ただし、図1における構成部2~7が実施の形態4の後述する構成部102~107に対応し、引き出し配線10がセグメント電極用配線116に対応する。なお、図1は模式図であり電極2~5の形状等は説明の便宜上、矩形状で示している。
なお、上記した実施の形態1~実施の形態4において、透明基板としてガラス基板33を説明したが、ガラス基板33に代えてフィルム基板などでも同様に実施することが可能である。
Claims (15)
- 操作面(OS)を有するタッチスクリーンであって、
各々が第1の方向に沿って設けられ、前記操作面へのタッチ操作の有無を検出するタッチ検出期間に励起パルス信号が付与される複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極(2)と、
各々が前記第1の方向と交差する第2の方向に沿って設けられる複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極(3)と、
前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極と独立して、各々が前記第1の方向に沿って設けられる複数の第1の触感発生用電極(4)と、
前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極と独立して、各々が前記第2の方向に沿って設けられる複数の第2の触感発生用電極(5)とを備え、触感発生信号印加期間において前記複数の第1及び第2の触感発生用電極に対し選択的に触感発生信号が付与され、
前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極、前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極、前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極、及び前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極のうち、前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極を前記操作面から最も離れた位置に配置した電極間位置関係を有することを特徴とする、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項1記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
一方主面及び他方主面を有する透明基板(30)をさらに備え、
前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極は、前記透明基板の他方主面上に形成され、
前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極、前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極、及び前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極は前記透明基板の一方主面上に形成され、
前記透明基板の一方主面側の面が前記操作面として規定される、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項2記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極はそれぞれ検出用主要部(30)と前記検出用主要部よりも前記第1の方向における形成幅の狭い検出用交差部(31)との組み合わせ構造を含み、
前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極はそれぞれ第1の触感発生用主要部(40)と前記第1の触感発生用主要部よりも前記第2の方向における形成幅の狭い第1の触感発生用交差部(41)との組み合わせ構造を含み、
前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極はそれぞれ第2の触感発生用主要部(50)と前記第2の触感発生用主要部よりも前記第1の方向における形成幅の狭い第2の触感発生用交差部(51)との組み合わせ構造を含み、
前記検出用主要部、前記第1及び第2の触感発生用主要部は平面視して互いに重複することなく、前記透明基板の一方主面上に同一形成高さで形成されることを特徴とする、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項3記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極それぞれは平面視矩形状を呈し、K(≧2)本の前記第1の触感発生用電極に対し1本の前記第1のタッチ検出用電極が、平面視重複するように配置されることを特徴とする、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項3または請求項4記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
前記第1の方向は行方向であり、前記第2の方向は前記行方向と直交する列方向であり、
前記検出用主要部、前記第1の触感発生用主要部、及び前記第2の触感発生用主要部はそれぞれ平面視して菱形形状を呈し、対向する2組の角部が前記行方向及び前記列方向に沿って配置され、
前記検出用主要部、前記第1の触感発生用主要部、及び前記第2の触感発生用主要部は、各々が前記菱形形状を呈する複数の検出用主要部、複数の第1の触感発生用主要部、及び複数の第2の触感発生用主要部を含み、
前記複数の検出用主要部のうち、互いに隣接する前記検出用主要部間において、前記列方向上で互いに対向する角部間が前記検出用交差部によって接続され、
前記複数の第1の触感発生用主要部のうち、互いに隣接する前記第1の触感発生用主要部間において、前記行方向上で互いに対向する角部間が前記第1の触感発生用交差部によって接続され、
前記複数の第2の触感発生用主要部のうち、互いに隣接する前記第2の触感発生用主要部間において、前記列方向上で互いに対向する角部間が前記第2の触感発生用交差部によって接続され、
前記複数の検出用主要部及び複数の第2の触感発生用主要部は前記列方向に均等間隔で配置され、前記複数の第1の触感発生用主要部は前記行方向に沿って均等間隔で配置される、
タッチスクリーン。 - 操作面(OS)を有するタッチスクリーンであって、
各々が第1の方向に沿って設けられ、前記操作面へのタッチ操作の有無を検出するタッチ検出期間に励起パルス信号が付与される複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極(102)と、
各々が前記第1の方向と交差する第2の方向に沿って設けられる複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極(103)と、
前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極と独立して、前記第1及び第2の方向において互いに分離して設けられる複数の第1の触感発生用電極(104)と、
前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極と独立して、各々が前記第2の方向に沿って設けられる複数の第2の触感発生用電極(105)とを備え、触感発生信号印加期間において前記複数の第1及び第2の触感発生用電極に対し選択的に触感発生信号が付与され、
前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極、前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極、前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極、及び前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極のうち、前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極を前記操作面から最も離れた位置に配置した電極間位置関係を有することを特徴とする、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項6記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
一方主面及び他方主面を有する透明基板(30)をさらに備え、
前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極は、前記透明基板の他方主面上に形成され、
前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極、前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極、及び前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極は前記透明基板の一方主面上に形成され、
前記透明基板の一方主面側の面が前記操作面として規定される、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項7記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
前記第2のタッチ検出用電極、前記第1及び第2の触感発生用電極は平面視して互いに重複することなく、前記透明基板の一方主面上に同一形成高さで形成されることを特徴とする、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項8記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
前記第1の方向は行方向であり、前記第2の方向は前記行方向と直交する列方向であり、前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極はマトリクス状に分離配置され、
前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極はそれぞれ平面視矩形状を呈し、
前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極はそれぞれ平面視櫛歯状の第1の櫛歯部(104t)を有し、
前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極はそれぞれ平面視櫛歯状の少なくとも2つの第2の櫛歯部(105t)を前記列方向に沿って有し、前記第2の櫛歯部と前記第1の櫛歯部とは前記行方向に沿って互いに対向する方向に延在し、
前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極は、同一列に存在する少なくとも2つの前記第1の櫛歯部それぞれに対し、対応する前記第2の櫛歯部が隙間を保ちながらかみ合うように配置されることを特徴とする、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項2または請求項7記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
前記第1のタッチ検出用電極は、金属配線メッシュ構造を有することを特徴とする、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項10記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
前記金属配線メッシュ構造は、互い交差する第1種及び第2種の斜め直線部(20,21)の組み合わせ構造を含み、
第1種及び第2種の斜め直線部はそれぞれ前記第1及び第2の方向双方に対し交差する第3及び第4の方向に沿って形成されることを特徴とする、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項2または請求項7記載のタッチスクリーンであって、
複数の外部接続用端子(12)と、
前記透明基板の一方主面上に形成され、前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極、前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極、及び前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極のそれぞれと前記複数の外部接続用端子とを電気的に接続する第1種、第2種及び第3種の引き出し配線(9~11)と、
前記透明基板の他方主面上に設けられ、前記第1種~第3種の引き出し配線と平面視重複するように配置されたシールド電極(70)とをさらに備える、
タッチスクリーン。 - 請求項1または請求項6記載のタッチスクリーンと、
前記タッチ検出期間において、前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極に選択的に前記励起パルス信号を付与しながら、前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極及び前記複数の第2のタッチ検出用電極間における静電容量を導出可能な静電容量導出データを求め、前記静電容量導出データに基づき、指示体による前記操作面上におけるタッチの有無を判定し、タッチ有りと判定したとき、前記タッチ検出期間に続くタッチ座標算出期間において、前記静電容量導出データに基づいて、前記操作面上におけるタッチ座標を演算して検出座標データを得るタッチ検出回路部(67)と、
前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極及び前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極間に、触感発生用電圧を有する触感発生信号を選択的に印加することにより、前記操作面上に位置する前記指示体に触感を付与する触感電圧発生回路部(68)と備え、
前記触感電圧発生回路部は、前記タッチ検出回路部により検出された前記静電容量導出データ及び前記検出座標データのうち少なくとも一つに基づいて、前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極及び前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極のうち、前記触感発生信号の印加対象の前記第1の触感発生用電極及び前記第2の触感発生用電極を第1及び第2の選択触感発生用電極として判定し、前記第1及び第2の選択触感発生用電極に前記触感発生信号を印加する、
タッチパネル装置。 - 請求項13記載のタッチパネル装置であって、
前記複数の第1のタッチ検出用電極は、前記触感発生信号印加期間において、固定電位に設定される、
タッチパネル装置。 - 請求項13または請求項14記載のタッチパネル装置であって、
前記触感電圧発生回路部は、前記タッチ検出期間において前記複数の第1の触感発生用電極及び前記複数の第2の触感発生用電極をフローティング状態に設定する、
タッチパネル装置。
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