WO2016120943A1 - Procédé de production de fer fondu au moyen d'un four électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de production de fer fondu au moyen d'un four électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016120943A1
WO2016120943A1 PCT/JP2015/006381 JP2015006381W WO2016120943A1 WO 2016120943 A1 WO2016120943 A1 WO 2016120943A1 JP 2015006381 W JP2015006381 W JP 2015006381W WO 2016120943 A1 WO2016120943 A1 WO 2016120943A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
burner
injection pipe
scrap
electric furnace
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Application number
PCT/JP2015/006381
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
純仁 小澤
稔 淺沼
松野　英寿
Original Assignee
Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority to CN202210685964.9A priority Critical patent/CN114959171A/zh
Priority to CN201580074625.5A priority patent/CN107208974A/zh
Priority to KR1020177020167A priority patent/KR102061953B1/ko
Priority to JP2016526244A priority patent/JP5988014B1/ja
Publication of WO2016120943A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016120943A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing molten iron by melting iron scrap in an electric furnace equipped with an auxiliary burner.
  • auxiliary combustion burner for example, in Patent Document 1, oxygen gas for scattering of incombustibles and cutting of iron-based scrap is ejected from the center, and fuel is further supplied from the outer periphery of the oxygen gas.
  • a burner having a triple tube structure is described for injecting combustion oxygen gas from the outer periphery, and in order to increase the velocity of oxygen gas ejected from the center, the tip of the oxygen gas ejection tube in the center is described.
  • a high-speed electric furnace for electric furnaces that has a constricted portion and has swirl vanes installed in an annular space formed by a fuel jet pipe and a combustion oxygen gas jet pipe to impart a swirling force to the combustion oxygen gas jetted from the outermost periphery.
  • a pure oxygen-assisted burner has been proposed.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses an auxiliary burner in which the length of the flame can be adjusted by changing the ratio of the cutting oxygen gas supply amount and the combustion oxygen gas supply amount at the center.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems of the prior art and to melt iron-based scrap in an electric furnace equipped with an auxiliary combustion burner to obtain molten iron when the technique of Patent Document 2 is used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing molten iron that can efficiently heat or melt iron-based scrap with an auxiliary burner without causing a problem.
  • the present inventors focused attention on the fuel used for the auxiliary burner, and obtained the idea of adjusting the length of the burner flame by properly using different types of fuel, and repeated studies. As a result, the inventors have a difference in the flame length depending on the ignition temperature and combustion speed of the fuel. For this reason, two or more kinds of fuels having different ignition temperatures or / and combustion speeds are used. It has been found that the flame length can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the fuel ratio.
  • a method for producing molten iron using an electric furnace characterized in that, in the production method of [1], two or more kinds of fuels selected from gaseous fuel, liquid fuel and solid fuel are used.
  • a plurality of injection tubes arranged concentrically, a solid fuel is injected from a central injection tube, and an injection tube outside the central injection tube A method for producing molten iron using an electric furnace, comprising using an auxiliary burner for injecting gaseous fuel from a gas and further injecting combustion-supporting gas from an outer injection pipe.
  • a plurality of injection pipes arranged concentrically are provided, cutting oxygen is injected from a central injection pipe, and injection is performed outside the injection pipe.
  • a method for producing molten iron by an electric furnace comprising using an auxiliary burner for injecting solid fuel from a pipe, further injecting gaseous fuel from an outer injection pipe, and further injecting supporting gas from the outer injection pipe .
  • An electric furnace for melting iron scrap and obtaining molten iron having a plurality of concentric injection pipes, injecting solid fuel from a central injection pipe
  • An electric furnace comprising an auxiliary combustion burner for injecting gaseous fuel from an injection pipe and further injecting combustion-supporting gas from an outer injection pipe.
  • An electric furnace for melting iron-based scrap to obtain molten iron having a plurality of concentric injection pipes, and injecting cutting oxygen from a central injection pipe
  • the present invention when heating or melting iron-based scrap in an electric furnace using an auxiliary combustion burner, two or more kinds of fuels having different ignition temperatures or / and combustion rates are used, and the auxiliary combustion burner and the auxiliary combustion burner are used.
  • the flame length of the auxiliary burner can be adjusted arbitrarily by changing the ratio of the two or more types of fuel according to the distance from the iron scrap to be heated or melted, and the iron scrap can be efficiently heated or melted. can do. For this reason, it is possible to save power consumption and shorten the operation time.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing an example of an auxiliary combustion burner used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part A in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of the implementation status of the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows the ratio of the solid fuel in the fuel and the flame temperature in the test in which the gas temperature (LPG) and the solid fuel (pulverized coal) were used as the fuel for the auxiliary burner and the flame temperature was measured by changing the ratio between them. It is a graph which shows the result of having investigated the relationship.
  • LPG gas temperature
  • the solid fuel pulverized coal
  • the present invention is a method of obtaining molten iron by melting iron-based scrap (hereinafter simply referred to as “scrap” for convenience of explanation) in an electric furnace equipped with an auxiliary combustion burner, and as an auxiliary combustion burner fuel, an ignition temperature or / and Two or more kinds of fuels having different combustion rates are used, and the ratio of the two or more kinds of fuels is changed according to the distance between the auxiliary burner and the scrap to be heated or melted by the auxiliary burner.
  • the flame length varies depending on the ignition temperature and combustion speed of the fuel used for the auxiliary burner.
  • the flame length of the auxiliary burner (at a position away from the burner by a certain distance).
  • the flame temperature can be adjusted arbitrarily.
  • the ignition temperature of coal is about 400 to 600 ° C., and that it is necessary to maintain this ignition temperature and to increase the temperature to the ignition temperature.
  • the temperature raising time to the ignition temperature depends on the particle size (specific surface area), and if the particles are made fine, the ignition time can be shortened. However, it is difficult to make solid combustion faster than gas combustion.
  • the present invention controls the flame length of the auxiliary burner using the difference in the ignition temperature or the combustion speed of the fuel as described above.
  • fuels having greatly different ignition temperatures include combinations of fuels having different phases (gas phase, liquid phase, solid phase). That is, it is a combination of two or more kinds of fuels selected from gaseous fuel, liquid fuel, and solid fuel.
  • the ignition temperature of these fuels is generally solid fuel> liquid fuel> gaseous fuel.
  • gaseous fuel and solid fuel are used for the auxiliary burner
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • coal pulverized coal
  • pure oxygen is used as the combustion support gas.
  • the above principle is applicable to combinations of other fuels with different ignition temperatures.
  • gaseous fuel for example, LNG
  • liquid fuel for example, heavy oil, kerosene, etc.
  • a short flame is produced. It becomes a long flame.
  • solid fuel eg, coal, etc.
  • Fuels with greatly different combustion rates include some of the above-mentioned combinations of fuels with different ignition temperatures (for example, a combination of gaseous fuel and solid fuel, gaseous fuel and liquid fuel). And a combination of LNG and hydrogen.
  • the fuel burning speed in the burner is a speed at which the fuel burns in the direction opposite to the fuel supply direction. In general, the burning speed of fuels having different phases is gas fuel> liquid fuel> solid fuel.
  • the ratio of the fuel having a high combustion rate for example, gaseous fuel such as LNG
  • the fuel having a low combustion rate for example, solid fuel such as coal
  • the position close to the burner tip becomes high (that is, If the ratio of the fuel having a low combustion rate is higher than that of the fuel having a high combustion rate, the temperature becomes high even at a position far from the burner tip (that is, a long flame). Therefore, the flame length (flame temperature at a position away from the burner by a certain distance) can be controlled by changing the ratio of both fuels.
  • the distance between the auxiliary burner and the scrap changes due to the charging, additional charging and melting of the scrap.
  • the distance between the auxiliary burner and the scrap is small at the start of operation or in the initial stage of addition, and increases with the progress of melting of the scrap. This is because the distance from the undissolved scrap to the auxiliary burner increases with the progress of melting of the scrap because the scrap is first melted in order from the scrap closest to the auxiliary burner.
  • the fuel for the auxiliary burner two or more kinds of fuels having different ignition temperatures or / and combustion rates are used, and depending on the distance between the auxiliary burner and the scrap to be heated or melted by the auxiliary burner, The flame length of the auxiliary burner is adjusted (changed) by changing the ratio of two or more types of fuel so that the flame of the auxiliary burner reaches the scrap regardless of the distance between the scrap and the auxiliary burner.
  • the ratio of two or more kinds of fuels is changed according to the distance between the auxiliary burner and the scrap, but only one kind of fuel is temporarily used during the operation ( Supply).
  • gaseous fuel and solid fuel are used, and the ratio of both fuels is: gaseous fuel: more than 0% to 100% or less (for example, 10 to 100%), solid fuel: 0% to less than 100% (for example, 0 to 90%) This includes cases where the range is changed.
  • the fuel ratio (%) is an energy standard ratio.
  • the solid fuel ratio is 90% and the gaseous fuel ratio is 10%
  • the output is 1000 Mcal / h
  • the solid fuel for 900 Mcal / h and the gaseous fuel for 100 Mcal / h are to be input. It is.
  • the fuel that can be used for the auxiliary burner in the present invention includes, as gaseous fuel, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), LNG (liquefied natural gas), hydrogen, steelworks byproduct gas (C gas, B gas, etc.), and these two types
  • LPG liquefied petroleum gas
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • hydrogen steelworks byproduct gas
  • C gas, B gas, etc. steelworks byproduct gas
  • examples of the liquid fuel include heavy oil and kerosene, and one or more of these can be used.
  • examples of the solid fuel include coal (pulverized coal), plastic (particulate or powdery, including waste plastic), and one or more of these can be used.
  • gaseous fuel for example, LNG, LPG, hydrogen, steelworks byproduct gas, a mixture of two or more of these
  • a solid fuel for example, one or more of coal, plastic
  • gaseous fuel for example, LNG, LPG, hydrogen, steelworks by-product gas, two or more of these
  • a combination of one or more of a mixed gas and a liquid fuel (eg, one or more of heavy oil or kerosene), a liquid fuel (eg, one or more of heavy oil or kerosene) and a solid fuel (eg, coal , A combination of one or more of plastic), a combination of gaseous fuel (one or more of LNG and LPG) and gaseous fuel (hydrogen), and the like.
  • three or more kinds of fuels having different ignition temperatures and / or combustion rates may be used for the auxiliary
  • a laser distance meter is installed in the auxiliary combustion burner, and the distance to the scrap can be measured by this laser distance meter.
  • the situation in the furnace can be observed with a monitoring camera through a window such as a discharge port.
  • the distance to the scrap can be grasped by observation in the furnace with the monitoring camera.
  • information useful for grasping the distance may be obtained from the operation data.
  • pure oxygen industrial oxygen
  • oxygen-enriched air or air may be used as a supporting gas for the auxiliary burner, but it is preferable to use pure oxygen when dissolving scrap.
  • FIG. 1 to 4 show an example of an auxiliary combustion burner used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial sectional side view
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of part A in FIG. 1
  • FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
  • the main part for supplying fuel and supporting gas has a triple pipe structure in which three pipes are arranged concentrically. That is, this triple pipe structure is composed of a first fuel injection pipe 1 at the center, a second fuel injection pipe 2 arranged on the outside thereof, and a combustion support gas injection pipe 3 arranged on the outside thereof. ing.
  • the interior of the first fuel injection pipe 1 constitutes a fuel flow path 10, and the space between the second fuel injection pipe 2 and the first fuel injection pipe 1 constitutes a fuel flow path 20, and supports fuel
  • the space between the gas injection pipe 3 and the second fuel injection pipe 2 constitutes a combustion support gas flow path 30.
  • a tube 4 and a tube 5 for forming a cooling water flow path are arranged concentrically outside the combustion support gas injection tube 3, and a space between the tube 4 and the tube 5.
  • the cooling water flow path 50 (outward path) is formed in the section, and the cooling water flow path 40 (return path) is formed in the space between the tube body 4 and the combustion supporting gas injection pipe 3, respectively.
  • 40 and 50 communicate 13 on the burner tip side.
  • a tip member 6 having a cone-shaped (conical surface) inner peripheral surface 60 is attached to the tip of the burner, and the tip of the first fuel injection pipe 1 is opened at the center of the inner peripheral surface 60 to inject the fuel.
  • a hole 12 is formed.
  • the tip member 6 is formed with a plurality of injection holes 22 that open at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface 60 and communicate with the fuel flow path 20.
  • a plurality of injection holes 32 that open at intervals along the circumferential direction of the 60 and communicate with the combustion support gas flow path 30 are formed.
  • the pipe body 5 On the rear end side of the burner, the pipe body 5 is provided with a supply port 51 for supplying cooling water to the cooling water flow path 50 (outward path). Similarly, the pipe body 4 is provided with a drain port 41 for discharging the cooling water from the cooling water flow path 40 (return path). Similarly, the support gas injection pipe 3 is provided with a supply port 31 for supplying support gas to the support gas passage 30. Similarly, the second fuel injection pipe 2 is provided with a supply port 21 for supplying fuel to the fuel flow path 20. Similarly, the first fuel injection pipe 1 is provided with a supply port 11 for supplying fuel to the fuel flow path 10. In addition, in the combustion support gas flow path 30, you may provide the swirl
  • the plurality of injection holes 22 and the injection holes 32 are provided in the tip member 6 provided so as to close the tips of the second fuel injection pipe 2 and the combustion support gas injection pipe 3.
  • the front ends of the fuel injection pipe 2 and the combustion support gas injection pipe 3 may be opened, and the open front ends may be used as the injection holes 22 and 32 (both ring-shaped injection holes).
  • an oxygen supply pipe may be provided inside the first fuel injection pipe 1 and cutting oxygen gas may be injected from the oxygen supply pipe at the center.
  • solid fuel such as pulverized coal
  • first fuel injection pipe 1 fuel passage 10
  • gas fuel LPG or LNG, etc.
  • combustion support gas such as pure oxygen is supplied from the combustion support gas injection pipe 3 (fuel support gas flow path 30). Is done.
  • solid fuel is injected from the injection hole 12
  • gaseous fuel is injected from the injection hole 22
  • combustion-supporting gas is injected from the injection hole 32, and they are mixed to cause combustion.
  • the flame length can be adjusted by changing the supply ratio of the solid fuel and the gaseous fuel according to the distance between the burner tip and the scrap. For this reason, regardless of the distance between the burner tip and the scrap, the scrap can be efficiently and appropriately melted or heated.
  • the first fuel injection pipe 1 (fuel flow path 10) and the second fuel injection pipe 2 (fuel flow path 20) have different combinations of fuels (for example, solid fuel and liquid as mentioned above). A combination of fuels, a combination of liquid fuel and gaseous fuel, etc.) may be supplied.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows an example of the implementation status of the method according to the present invention (vertical cross section in the radial direction of the electric furnace), where 7 is a furnace body, 8 is an electrode, 9 is an auxiliary burner, and x is scrap. .
  • the auxiliary burner 9 is installed with an appropriate depression angle. Usually, a plurality of such auxiliary burners 9 are installed so that scrap in a so-called cold spot in the electric furnace can be heated or melted.
  • auxiliary combustion burner having the structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 4
  • two types of fuels having different ignition temperatures were used, and the burner flame temperature was measured.
  • the burner output is 30 Mcal / h.
  • LPG gaseous fuel
  • pulverized coal solid fuel
  • the solid fuel ratio was 10% and 50%, and the flame temperature at 0.2 m and 0.4 m from the tip of the burner was measured using an optical fiber thermometer and an R-type thermocouple.
  • Fig. 6 shows the relationship between the solid fuel ratio in the fuel and the flame temperature.
  • the flame temperature at the 0.2 m position in the vicinity of the burner is high, but a rapid temperature drop occurs at the 0.4 m position. That is, the flame length is short.
  • the flame temperature at the 0.2 m position near the burner is lower than that of the gaseous fuel (LPG) 100%. No temperature drop has occurred. That is, the flame length is long. This is because gas fuel (LPG) burns preferentially in the vicinity of the burner, and solid fuel (pulverized coal) heated to a high temperature within the flame starts to burn at a position of 0.4 m and the temperature is maintained. It is done.
  • the solid fuel (pulverized coal) ratio was set to 50% due to the burner output.
  • the higher the output the larger the flame and the higher the solid fuel (pulverized coal) ratio.
  • the flame length flame temperature at a certain distance from the burner
  • the charging of scraps is performed about 2 to 3 times. The operation of the electric furnace begins with the start of energization and the start of use of the auxiliary burner after the initial scrap is charged.
  • the melting proceeds from the scrap that is in contact with the molten iron, near the electrodes, and near the auxiliary burner.
  • the scrap in the vicinity of the auxiliary burner is always at a distance of about 0.5 m as the scrap at the upper part of the scrap is melted and drops at the initial stage of scrap charging, but the distance from the scrap becomes longer when the upper scrap disappears. If the distance from the scrap increases, the heat of the auxiliary burner cannot be efficiently supplied to the scrap. Therefore, conventionally, an operation to stop the auxiliary burner has been performed.
  • the operation to which the present invention is applied for example, in the auxiliary burner shown in FIGS.
  • the distance between scrap and auxiliary burner can be measured with a laser rangefinder attached to the auxiliary burner. Information may be obtained.
  • the flame of the auxiliary burner reaches the molten iron by increasing the ratio of pulverized coal and maximizing the flame length. It is also possible.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé dans lequel des déchets de fer sont fondus dans un four électrique équipé d'un brûleur auxiliaire afin d'obtenir du fer fondu, les déchets de fer sont chauffés ou fondus efficacement par le brûleur auxiliaire. Lors du chauffage et de la fusion des déchets de fer à l'intérieur du four électrique au moyen du brûleur auxiliaire, au moins deux types de combustibles présentant différentes températures d'allumage et/ou vitesses de combustion sont utilisés en tant que combustible pour le brûleur auxiliaire. Le rapport entre les au moins deux types de combustible varie en fonction de la distance entre le brûleur auxiliaire et les déchets de fer devant être chauffés et fondus au moyen du brûleur auxiliaire. Le rapport entre les au moins deux types de combustible permet de régler librement la longueur de la flamme du brûleur auxiliaire et de chauffer ou de fondre efficacement les déchets de fer.
PCT/JP2015/006381 2015-01-27 2015-12-22 Procédé de production de fer fondu au moyen d'un four électrique WO2016120943A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210685964.9A CN114959171A (zh) 2015-01-27 2015-12-22 电炉以及利用电炉制造铁水的方法
CN201580074625.5A CN107208974A (zh) 2015-01-27 2015-12-22 利用电炉制造铁水的方法
KR1020177020167A KR102061953B1 (ko) 2015-01-27 2015-12-22 전기로에 의한 용철의 제조 방법
JP2016526244A JP5988014B1 (ja) 2015-01-27 2015-12-22 電気炉による溶鉄の製造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015013721 2015-01-27
JP2015-013721 2015-01-27

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WO2016120943A1 true WO2016120943A1 (fr) 2016-08-04

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JP (1) JP5988014B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR102061953B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN114959171A (fr)
WO (1) WO2016120943A1 (fr)

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WO2018074166A1 (fr) * 2016-10-21 2018-04-26 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Brûleur auxiliaire pour four électrique
WO2022172768A1 (fr) * 2021-02-10 2022-08-18 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Brûleur doté d'un dispositif d'imagerie, four électrique équipé dudit brûleur et procédé de fabrication de fer fondu à l'aide dudit four électrique
JP7388563B2 (ja) 2021-05-07 2023-11-29 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 電気炉および製鋼方法
RU2817361C2 (ru) * 2021-02-10 2024-04-15 ДжФЕ СТИЛ КОРПОРЕЙШН Горелка с устройством отображения, электропечь, снабженная упомянутой горелкой, и способ производства расплавленного чугуна с использованием упомянутой электропечи

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JP7347675B2 (ja) 2021-02-10 2023-09-20 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 撮像装置付きバーナー、該バーナーを備える電気炉、及び、該電気炉を用いた溶鉄の製造方法
RU2817361C2 (ru) * 2021-02-10 2024-04-15 ДжФЕ СТИЛ КОРПОРЕЙШН Горелка с устройством отображения, электропечь, снабженная упомянутой горелкой, и способ производства расплавленного чугуна с использованием упомянутой электропечи
JP7388563B2 (ja) 2021-05-07 2023-11-29 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 電気炉および製鋼方法

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KR102061953B1 (ko) 2020-01-02
CN114959171A (zh) 2022-08-30

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