WO2016115917A1 - 一种外科器械及其控弯机构 - Google Patents

一种外科器械及其控弯机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016115917A1
WO2016115917A1 PCT/CN2015/090207 CN2015090207W WO2016115917A1 WO 2016115917 A1 WO2016115917 A1 WO 2016115917A1 CN 2015090207 W CN2015090207 W CN 2015090207W WO 2016115917 A1 WO2016115917 A1 WO 2016115917A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking
angle
steering
wrench
power input
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/090207
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨光
聂红林
李安华
张析量
石秀凤
Original Assignee
上海逸思医疗科技有限公司
逸思（苏州）医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海逸思医疗科技有限公司, 逸思（苏州）医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海逸思医疗科技有限公司
Priority to BR112017013651-1A priority Critical patent/BR112017013651B1/pt
Priority to PL15878586T priority patent/PL3222221T3/pl
Priority to ES15878586T priority patent/ES2720593T3/es
Priority to EP15878586.5A priority patent/EP3222221B1/en
Priority to US15/534,925 priority patent/US10342537B2/en
Priority to JP2017548511A priority patent/JP6403902B2/ja
Publication of WO2016115917A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016115917A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/2812—Surgical forceps with a single pivotal connection
    • A61B17/2833—Locking means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00238—Type of minimally invasive operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
    • A61B2017/003—Steerable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B17/2909—Handles
    • A61B2017/2912—Handles transmission of forces to actuating rod or piston
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B17/2909—Handles
    • A61B2017/2912—Handles transmission of forces to actuating rod or piston
    • A61B2017/2923—Toothed members, e.g. rack and pinion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
    • A61B2017/2927—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2946—Locking means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bending mechanism for a surgical stapler, and more particularly to a mechanism for controlling the turning and locking of a jaw of a mirror stapler.
  • the principle of the surgical stapler is to close the tissue by two corresponding jaws (commonly referred to as the anvil assembly and the cartridge assembly), and then push the metal staples in the stapler cartridge to form the tissue. Together.
  • a cutting knife is also provided for cutting the stitched tissue.
  • Endoscopic surgery is to make a small incision of 5 to 12 mm in diameter in different parts of the abdomen or chest. Through these small incisions, the camera lens and various special surgical instruments are inserted into the abdominal cavity of the camera inserted into the abdominal cavity. The image of the organ is transmitted to the TV screen, and the surgeon manipulates various surgical instruments to complete the operation by observing the image.
  • the endoscopic stapler plays the most important role in the operation. Due to the limitation of the space in the abdominal cavity or the thoracic cavity, the conventional linear endoscopic stapler can not effectively reach the surgical site for clamping, transection, and anastomosis in some extreme cases, so a stapler jaw (including an anvil component) is required. And staple cartridge assembly) a bendable elbow stapler. In the straight state, the bendable elbow stapler enters the thoracic cavity or the abdominal cavity through the puncturing device, and controls the bending angle of the jaw by a bending mechanism on the outer handle of the body, and clamps and traverses the surgical site. , anastomosis and a series of operations. After the operation is completed, it will return to a straight line and exit the body.
  • a bending control mechanism includes the following devices:
  • the coaxially disposed steering power input mechanism A and the steering transmission mechanism B have a relative rotatable angle range in the circumferential direction; at the one end angle of the steering power input mechanism A from the relative rotatable angle range to the other end angle relative to the steering transmission mechanism During the rotation of B, the steering power input mechanism A passes through the relative angles in sequence: angle I, angle range II, angle III;
  • the locking mechanism C locks the steering transmission mechanism B such that the steering transmission mechanism B and the linear power output mechanism D remain relatively stationary;
  • the locking mechanism C releases the steering transmission mechanism B under the driving of the steering power input mechanism A, and the steering transmission mechanism B can accompany the steering power input mechanism A toward the distance angle range II.
  • the second circumferential direction rotates and drives the linear power output mechanism D to be displaced; wherein the first circumferential direction is opposite to the second circumferential direction.
  • the range of angles between the angle I and the angle III constitutes the angle range II.
  • the steering transmission mechanism B is provided with a plurality of locking positions in the circumferential direction. With the rotation of the steering transmission mechanism B, the locking mechanism C can lock the steering transmission mechanism B at the corresponding locking position.
  • the steering power input mechanism A is a wrench
  • the steering transmission mechanism B includes a central shaft and a locking disc disposed on the central shaft
  • the locking mechanism C is a slider
  • the linear power output mechanism D is a rack
  • the pin hole of the wrench and the fan hole of the central shaft are engaged by the pin; the angle of the fan hole constitutes the range of the relative rotatable angle;
  • a plurality of switch slots are arranged on the wrench in the circumferential direction;
  • a plurality of locking grooves are arranged on the lock disk in the circumferential direction;
  • the slider is provided with a push-out bevel that cooperates with the switch slot, a locking boss that cooperates with the lock groove, and a drive-slip a push-out ramp of the block pushes the return spring of the switch slot cavity;
  • a gear disposed on the center shaft is engaged with the rack.
  • the wrench when the pin is at one end of the scalloped hole, the wrench is at an angle I; when the pin is at the other end of the scalloped hole, the wrench is at an angle III; when the pin is located at an area between one end and the other end of the scalloped hole The wrench is in the angular range II.
  • the locking boss forms a locking of the locking disk by extending into a cavity of the locking groove forming the locking position, and is formed by retracting from a cavity of the locking groove. Release of the lock disk.
  • the locking groove includes a straight line segment, and the locking boss engages with the straight line segment to lock the locking disk.
  • the wrench is assembled to the opening of the rotary head
  • the opening of the rotating head is provided with a finite position boss, and the wrench is provided with an angular limiting groove that cooperates with the limiting boss.
  • a surgical instrument comprising any of the bending mechanisms described above.
  • the surgical instrument is a surgical stapler, and the linear power output mechanism D of the bend control mechanism is connected to the jaw of the stapler.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • one or more positions can be locked during surgery, the stapler jaws can be bent and fixed to a desired position to complete the procedure.
  • the mechanism of the invention is simple, the parts are few, and most of the parts are manufactured by an injection molding process, which is simple in manufacture and low in cost.
  • the bending control mechanism provided by the invention can be widely applied to other mechanical operating parts, and is easy to control and transfer.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of a surgical stapler including a bending mechanism
  • Figure 2 is a subjective view of the bending mechanism
  • Figure 3 is a detailed view of the split structure of the bending mechanism of the first embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a bottom plan view of the bending mechanism of the first embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of the lock disk of the first embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 8.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 8.
  • Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the bending mechanism of the first embodiment when the wrench is at the angle I;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 11;
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 11;
  • Figure 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the bending mechanism of the first embodiment when the wrench is in the angular range II;
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line H-H of Figure 14;
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line G-G of Figure 14;
  • Figure 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the bending mechanism of the first embodiment when the wrench is at an angle III;
  • Figure 15 is a detailed view of the split structure of the bending mechanism of the second embodiment
  • a bending control mechanism includes the following devices:
  • the coaxially disposed steering power input mechanism A and the steering transmission mechanism B have a relative rotatable angle range in the circumferential direction; at the one end angle of the steering power input mechanism A from the relative rotatable angle range to the other end angle relative to the steering transmission mechanism During the rotation of B, the steering power input mechanism A passes through the relative angles in sequence: angle I, angle Range II, angle III;
  • the locking mechanism C locks the steering transmission mechanism B such that the steering transmission mechanism B and the linear power output mechanism D remain relatively stationary;
  • the locking mechanism C releases the steering transmission mechanism B under the driving of the steering power input mechanism A, and the steering transmission mechanism B can accompany the steering power input mechanism A toward the distance angle range II.
  • the second circumferential direction rotates and drives the linear power output mechanism D to be displaced; wherein the first circumferential direction is opposite to the second circumferential direction.
  • the range of angles between the angle I and the angle III constitutes the angle range II.
  • the present invention provides a laparoscopic surgical stapler.
  • the endoscopic surgical stapler includes a tubular structure and a bending mechanism, the distal end of the tubular structure has a stapler jaw, and the proximal end is connected to the bending mechanism.
  • the bending control mechanism of the present invention comprises: a wrench 1, a rotating head upper portion 7, wherein the wrench 1 is mounted on the rotating head upper portion 7.
  • the steering transmission mechanism B is provided with a plurality of locking positions in the circumferential direction. With the rotation of the steering transmission mechanism B, the locking mechanism C can lock the steering transmission mechanism B at the corresponding locking position.
  • the steering power input mechanism A is a wrench 1
  • the steering transmission mechanism B includes a central shaft 3 and a locking disc 2 disposed on the central shaft 3, the locking mechanism C is a slider 4, and the linear power output mechanism D is a tooth Article 5;
  • the pin hole 102 of the wrench 1 and the sector hole 303 of the central shaft 3 are engaged by the pin 6; the angle of the sector hole 303 constitutes the range of the relative rotatable angle;
  • a plurality of switch slots 103 are arranged on the wrench 1 in the circumferential direction;
  • a plurality of locking grooves 202 are arranged on the locking disk 2 in the circumferential direction;
  • the slider 4 is provided with a pushing ramp 403 that cooperates with the switch slot 103, a locking boss 404 that cooperates with the locking slot 202, and a return spring 401 that urges the pushing ramp 403 of the slider 4 to advance the slot of the switch slot 103. ;
  • a gear 301 provided on the center shaft 3 is engaged with the rack 5.
  • the wrench 1 when the pin 6 is located at one end of the sector hole 303, the wrench 1 is at an angle I; when the pin 6 is located at the other end of the sector hole 303, the wrench 1 is at an angle III; when the pin 6 is located at the sector hole 303 The wrench 1 is in the angular range II when the area between one end and the other end.
  • the locking boss 404 is formed by extending into the cavity of the locking groove 202 constituting the locking position. The locking of the pair of locking discs 2 and the retraction from the slots of the locking slots 202 form a release of the locking disc 2.
  • the locking groove 202 includes a straight line segment, and the locking boss 404 engages with the straight line segment to lock the locking disk 2.
  • the bending control mechanism includes: a locking disk 2, a wrench 1, a slider 4, and a compression spring 401; wherein the locking disk 2 is fixed to the central shaft 3, and There are a series of locking grooves 202 on the top;
  • the wrench 1 and the central shaft 3 are connected by a pin 6.
  • the wrench 1 is provided with a series of switch slots; the distal end of the slider 4 is provided with a pushing bevel 403, a locking boss 404; the compression spring 401 is placed on the slider 4 and rotates Between the upper part of the head 7.
  • the switch tooth groove 103 of the wrench 1 and the lock groove 202 of the lock disk 2 have an intermediate position, and the stapler jaws are in a straight line state.
  • the upper portion 7 of the rotary head has an opening for accommodating the central shaft 3, the lock disk 2, the wrench 1, and the three parts of the central shaft 3, the lock disk 2, and the wrench 1 are coaxial with the opening of the rotary head.
  • the lock disk 2 is fastened to the square surface 302 above the center shaft 3 through the square hole 201, and in some cases, the two parts of the lock disk 2 and the center shaft 3 can be integrally formed.
  • the pin hole 102 above the wrench 1 is engaged with the fan hole 303 above the center shaft 3 by the pin 6.
  • the slider 4 is placed inside the upper portion 7 of the rotary head, and is arranged in the same direction as the upper portion 7 of the rotary head.
  • the push-up slope 403 on the slider 4 cooperates with the switch slot 103 of the wrench 1, and the lock boss 404 is locked.
  • the compression spring 401 is placed in the compression spring groove 402 of the slider 4 and placed between the boss of the upper portion 7 of the rotary head and the slider 4.
  • the central shaft 3 meshes with the rack structure 501 of the rack 5 through the gear 301 on the center shaft 3, and functions to convert the rotational motion into a linear motion and finally control the front end of the stapler to turn.
  • an angle limiting slot 101 is provided on the wrench 1. As shown in Fig. 4, at the opening of the upper portion 7 of the rotating head, there is a limiting boss which can define the rotation angle of the wrench to avoid excessive rotation.
  • the wrench 1 is assembled to the opening of the rotary head 7;
  • the opening of the rotating head 7 is provided with a finite position boss, and the wrench 1 is provided with an angular limiting slot 101 that cooperates with the limiting boss.
  • the locking groove 202 of the locking disk 2 has a straight line segment, and the locking grooves 202 of the locking disk 2 are distributed in a circumferential array, and the angular distribution of each locking groove is equal, the lock
  • the locking groove 202 of the disc 2 corresponds to the switching slot 103 of the wrench 1 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the wrench 1 is provided with an angle limiting slot 101 to ensure that the wrench rotates within a certain angle to prevent excessive rotation.
  • the angular distribution of each of the locking grooves may be unequal or the locking groove 202 of the locking disk 2 and the switching slot 103 of the wrench 1 may also be non-one. A corresponding one.
  • a surgical instrument comprising any of the bending mechanisms described above.
  • the surgical instrument is a surgical stapler, and the linear power output mechanism D of the bend control mechanism is connected to the jaw of the stapler.
  • the wrench 1 when the pin 6 is located between the two ends of the fan-shaped hole 303 , the wrench 1 is between the angle range I and the angle range III, that is, when the angle range is II, the wrench 1 drives the pin 6 to rotate. At one angle, the switch slot 103 of the wrench 1 cooperates with the push ramp 403 of the slider 4 to push the slider 4; at this time, the lock boss 404 of the slider 4 is disengaged from the lock groove 202 of the lock disk 2 . Continue to rotate the wrench 1, the pin 6 rotates the central shaft 3 through the fan-shaped hole 303, and drives the rack 5 to move back and forth to play a turning role.
  • a bending control mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention, the bending control mechanism comprising: a wrench 1, a rotating head upper portion 7, wherein the wrench 1 is mounted on the rotating head upper portion 7.
  • the bending control mechanism includes: a wrench that constitutes the steering power input mechanism A and a lifting ring that rotates with the wrench; a central shaft 3 that constitutes the steering transmission mechanism B; a cam lock 9 that constitutes the locking mechanism C, and the compression spring 10 And rotating the upper portion 7; and, the cam lock 9 is engaged with the steering gear B; the rack 5 constituting the linear power output mechanism D; wherein the rack 5 is engaged with the gear 301 provided on the center shaft 3; further:
  • the coaxially disposed steering power input mechanism A and the steering transmission mechanism B have a relative rotatable angle range in the circumferential direction; at the one end angle of the steering power input mechanism A from the relative rotatable angle range to the other end angle relative to the steering transmission mechanism
  • the steering power input mechanism A passes through the relative angles in sequence: angle I, angle range II, angle III; when the steering power input mechanism A is in the angle range II, the cam lock is driven by the compression spring 10 9 meshing is locked to the rotating head to lock the steering
  • Disengaging the swivel head to release the steering gear B, and the steering gear B can be rotated with the steering power input mechanism A in a first circumferential direction away from the angular range II and drive the linear power take-off mechanism D to be displaced; when the steering power input mechanism A At the angle III, the cam lock 9 is disengaged from the swivel head by the lift ring 8 to release the steering gear B, and the steering gear B can be accompanied by the steering power input mechanism A in a second circumferential direction away from the angular range II
  • the linear power output mechanism D is rotated and driven to be displaced; wherein the first circumferential direction is opposite to the second circumferential direction.
  • the upper portion 7 of the rotating head has an opening 701 having a series of positioning grooves 702 therein; a central shaft 3 having a gear 301 on the shaft, which is connected to the rack gear 5 and further connected by a connecting device placed inside the tubular structure
  • the lifting ring 8 is disposed coaxially with the central shaft 3 and includes a driving ramp 802.
  • the cam lock 9 is disposed coaxially with the central shaft 3 and includes a connecting boss 901 connected to the central shaft 3 and containing a passive inclined surface 904.
  • the driving ramp 802 of the lifting ring 8 cooperates, and further comprises a positioning tooth 902; the wrench 1 is engaged with the lifting ring 8 through the boss 105, and is connected to the central shaft 3 through the pin 6; the compression spring 10 is placed on the wrench 1 and the lifting ring 8 between.
  • the range of angles between the angle I and the angle III constitutes the angle range II.
  • a plurality of engagement locking positions are provided in the circumferential direction at the opening of the rotary head, and as the cam lock 9 rotates, the cam lock 9 can engage the rotary head in the corresponding engagement locking position.
  • the surgical instrument is a surgical stapler
  • the linear power output mechanism D of the bend control mechanism connects the jaws of the stapler.
  • the positioning groove 702 on the rotating head has an intermediate position, so that the stapler jaws are in a straight line state.
  • the pin hole 102 of the wrench 1 and the fan hole 303 of the central shaft 3 are engaged by the pin 6; the angle of the fan hole 303 constitutes the range of the relative rotatable angle; the wrench 1 extends downwardly out of the boss 105, and the lifting ring 8 is provided with a wrench fit
  • the groove 801, the boss 105 is engaged in the wrench fitting groove 801.
  • the wrench 1 When the pin 6 is located at one end of the sector hole 303, the wrench 1 is at an angle I; when the pin 6 is located at the other end of the sector hole 303, the wrench 1 is at an angle III; when the pin 6 is located at one end of the sector hole 303 and another The wrench 1 is in the angular range II when the area is between the ends.
  • the lifting ring 8 is provided with a driving slope 802.
  • the cam lock 9 is provided with a passive inclined surface 904.
  • the passive inclined surface 904 is matched with the driving inclined surface 802.
  • the lifting ring 8 is rotated within the angle range II under the driving of the wrench 1, the lifting ring 8 is The cam lock 9 is relatively rotated; when the lift ring 8 is rotated by the wrench 1 to the angle I and the angle III, the passive ramp 904 is driven by the drive ramp 802 such that the cam lock 9 is moved away from the rotary head to disengage the engagement lock with the rotary head.
  • the wrench 1 is provided with a cover plate 104, and the cam lock 9 is provided with a compression spring support surface 903, and the compression spring 10 is connected to the cover plate 104. Between the pressure spring support surface 903.
  • the opening of the rotating head is provided with a finite position boss, and the wrench 1 is provided with an angular limiting groove that cooperates with the limiting boss.
  • the positioning grooves 702 on the rotating head are distributed in a circumferential array, and the angular distribution of each positioning groove 702 is not equidistant.
  • a limit boss is provided at the opening on the rotary head to ensure that the wrench rotates within a certain angle to prevent excessive rotation.
  • the angular distribution of each of the positioning grooves may be equal.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention is a cavity mirror stapler bending mechanism, including a wrench 1, a compression spring 10, a cam lock 9, a lifting ring 8, a center shaft 3, a rotating head upper portion 7, and a rack 5 , sales 6.
  • the upper portion 7 of the rotating head has an opening for accommodating the wrench 1, the compression spring 10, the cam lock 9, the lifting ring 8, the central shaft 3, the above-mentioned wrench 1, the compression spring 10, the cam lock 9, the lifting ring 8, the central shaft 3
  • the five parts and the opening in the rotating head are arranged coaxially; there is a series of positioning slots 702 in the opening.
  • the three parts of the central shaft 3, the lifting ring 8, and the cam lock 9 are arranged from the inside to the outside, and the connecting boss 901 of the cam lock 9 cooperates with the connecting groove 304 of the center shaft 3, and the passive inclined surface 904 and the driving slope 802 of the lifting ring 8 In cooperation, the positioning teeth 902 are placed in a series of positioning slots 702 on the rotating head.
  • the boss 105 of the wrench 1 is engaged with the wrench engagement groove 801 of the lift ring 8.
  • the compression spring 10 is placed between the compression spring support surface 903 of the cam lock 9 and the cover plate 104 of the wrench 1.
  • the pin hole 102 of the wrench 1 is engaged with the sector hole 303 of the center shaft 3 by the pin 6.
  • the rack 5 is placed in the upper portion 7 of the rotary head and meshes with the gear 301 of the center shaft 3.
  • the boss 105 of the wrench 1 drives the lifting ring 8 to rotate by an angle
  • the lifting ring 8 drives the passive slope 904 of the cam lock 9 through the driving ramp 802 to raise the cam lock 9 to position the tooth 902 and the rotating head.
  • the positioning groove 702 of the portion 7 is disengaged; when the wrench is rotated, the pin 6 rotates the central shaft 3 through the fan-shaped hole 303, and the central shaft 3 drives the cam lock 9 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the rack 5 to move back and forth to play a turning role.
  • the wrench 1 When the wrench 1 is rotated to the next position, the wrench 1 is released, and the compression spring 10 pushes the cam lock 9 to cause the positioning tooth 902 to snap into the other positioning groove 702 of the upper portion 7 of the rotary head. At this time, the cam lock 9 can be locked.
  • the central shaft 3 is such that it cannot rotate freely. Since the positioning tooth 902 of the cam lock 9 is engaged with the linear portion of the positioning groove 702 of the upper portion 7 of the rotary head, the rotation of the gear 301 by the rack 5 does not cause the cam lock 9 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of locking.

Abstract

一种外科器械及其控弯机构，所述控弯机构包括：转向动力输入机构A（1,8）、转向传动机构B（3）、锁定机构C（2,9,10）、直线动力输出机构D（5）；进一步地：同轴设置的转向动力输入机构A（1,8）与转向传动机构B（3）在周向上具有相对可转动角度范围；在转向动力输入机构A（1、8）从所述相对可转动角度范围的一端角度至另一端角度相对于转向传动机构B（3）转动的过程中，转向动力输入机构A（1,8）依次经过相对角度：角度I、角度范围II、角度III；其中角度I或者角度III对应转弯，角度范围II对应于锁止状态。本装置可以解决外科手术时人体内医疗器械的转弯和固定问题，降低手术的风险。

Description

一种外科器械及其控弯机构 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于外科吻合器的控弯机构，特别是用于控制腔镜吻合器钳口的转弯并锁止的机构。
背景技术
外科吻合器的作用原理，是通过二个对应的钳口(通常称为钉砧组件和钉仓组件)闭合以夹持组织，然后将吻合器钉仓中的金属缝合钉推出成型，将组织缝合在一起。在有些吻合器中，还装有一把切割刀，用于将缝合好的组织切断开。
随着技术的进步，传统手术方式逐渐转向腔镜手术。腔镜手术就是在腹部或胸部的不同部位做数个直径5～12毫米的小切口，通过这些小切口插入摄像镜头和各种特殊的手术器械，将插入腹腔内的摄像头所拍摄的腹腔内各种脏器的图像传输到电视屏幕上，外科医生通过观察图像，操纵各种手术器械来完成手术。
其中，腔镜吻合器在手术中扮演最关键的角色。由于腹腔或者胸腔内空间的限制，传统的直线腔镜吻合器在一些极端情况下，不能有效地到达手术部位进行夹持、横断、吻合组织，所以需要一种吻合器钳口(包括钉砧组件和钉仓组件)可转弯的弯头吻合器。在直线状态下，这种可转弯的弯头吻合器通过穿刺器进入胸腔或者腹腔，通过体外的手柄上面的控弯机构来控制钳口弯转一定的角度，并对手术部位进行夹持、横断、吻合等一系列操作。手术完成后，重新变为直线状态，退出体外。
由此可见，目前迫切需要一种合理的控弯机构，控制吻合器钳口旋转所需的角度，方便进行手术；同时，吻合器钳口在所需角度牢固锁定，防止在不可预期的力量下，产生安全隐患。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的一个目的在于：设计一种简便的控制机构，通过扳动扳手达到使吻合器钳口转弯的目的，同时使吻合器钳口锁定在所选的角度。这样，在胸腔或者腹腔内，即使吻合器钳口受到不可预期的力量，也不能使钳 口转弯，从而降低潜在的风险。
根据本发明提供的一种控弯机构，包括如下装置：
-转向动力输入机构A；
-转向传动机构B；
-锁定机构C；
-直线动力输出机构D；
进一步地：
同轴设置的转向动力输入机构A与转向传动机构B在周向上具有相对可转动角度范围；在转向动力输入机构A从所述相对可转动角度范围的一端角度至另一端角度相对于转向传动机构B转动的过程中，转向动力输入机构A依次经过相对角度：角度I、角度范围II、角度III；
当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度范围II内时，锁定机构C锁定转向传动机构B，使得转向传动机构B与直线动力输出机构D之间保持相对静止；
当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度I时，锁定机构C在转向动力输入机构A的驱使下释放转向传动机构B，并且，转向传动机构B能够伴随转向动力输入机构A向远离角度范围II的第一圆周方向转动并驱动直线动力输出机构D发生位移；
当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度III时，锁定机构C在转向动力输入机构A的驱使下释放转向传动机构B，并且，转向传动机构B能够伴随转向动力输入机构A向远离角度范围II的第二圆周方向转动并驱动直线动力输出机构D发生位移；其中，第一圆周方向与第二圆周方向相反。
优选地，角度I与角度III之间的角度范围构成所述角度范围II。
优选地，转向传动机构B上沿圆周方向设置有多个锁定位，随着转向传动机构B的转动，锁定机构C能够锁定转向传动机构B于对应的锁定位。
优选地，所述转向动力输入机构A为扳手，转向传动机构B包括中心轴和设置于中心轴上的锁止盘，锁定机构C为滑块，直线动力输出机构D为齿条；
扳手的销孔与中心轴的扇形孔通过销配合；扇形孔的角度构成所述相对可转动角度范围；
扳手上沿周向设置有多个开关齿槽；
锁止盘上沿周向设置有多个锁止槽；
滑块上设置有与开关齿槽配合的推出斜面、与锁止槽配合的锁止凸台、以及驱使滑 块的推出斜面推进开关齿槽槽腔的复位弹簧；
设置于中心轴上的齿轮啮合于所述齿条。
优选地，当销位于扇形孔的一端时，所述扳手处于角度I；当销位于扇形孔的另一端时，所述扳手处于角度III；当销位于扇形孔的一端与另一端之间的区域时，所述扳手处于角度范围II。
优选地，所述锁止凸台通过伸入构成所述锁定位的所述锁止槽的槽腔内形成对锁止盘的锁定，并通过从所述锁止槽的槽腔内缩回形成对锁止盘的释放。
优选地，所述锁止槽包括一直线段，所述锁止凸台通过与所述直线段啮合以锁定所述锁止盘。
优选地，还包括旋转头；
所述扳手装配于旋转头的开口；
旋转头的开口设置有限位凸台，所述扳手上设置有与限位凸台配合的角度限位槽。
一种外科器械，包括如上所述任一项控弯机构。所述外科器械为外科吻合器，所述控弯机构的直线动力输出机构D连接吻合器的钳口。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
1、通过本发明，能够在手术中锁定一个或多个位置，使吻合器钳口弯转并固定到所需的位置，完成手术。
2、本发明的机构简单，零件少，大部分零件采用注塑工艺制造，制造简单，成本低廉。
3、本发明提供的控弯机构能够广泛应用在其他机械操作部件上，易于控制和转接。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1为包含控弯机构的外科吻合器主观图；
图2为控弯机构的主观图；
图3为第一实施例控弯机构的拆分结构细节图；
图4为第一实施例控弯机构的仰视图；
图5为第一实施例锁止盘的仰视图；
图6为图8的A-A向剖视图；
图7为图8的B-B向剖视图；
图8为第一实施例扳手处于角度Ⅰ时控弯机构的纵剖图；
图9为图11的D-D向剖视图；
图10为图11的E-E向剖视图；
图11为第一实施例扳手处于角度范围Ⅱ时控弯机构的纵剖图；图12为图14的H-H向剖视图；
图13为图14的G-G向剖视图；
图14为第一实施例扳手处于角度Ⅲ时控弯机构的纵剖图；
图15为第二实施例控弯机构的拆分结构细节图；
图中：
1-扳手；
101-角度限位槽；
102-销孔；
103-开关齿槽；
104-盖板；
105-凸台；
2-锁止盘；
201-方孔；
202-锁止槽；
3-中心轴；
301-齿轮；
302-方形面；
303-扇形孔；
304-连接槽；
4-滑块；
401-压簧；
402-压簧槽；
403-推出斜面；
404-锁止凸台；
5-齿条；
501-齿条结构；
6-销；
7-旋转头上部分。
701-开口；
702-定位齿槽；
8-升降环；
801-扳手配合槽；
802-驱动斜面；
9-凸轮锁；
901-连接凸台；
902-定位齿；
903-压簧支撑面；
904-被动斜面；
10-压簧。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
根据本发明提供的一种控弯机构，包括如下装置：
-转向动力输入机构A；
-转向传动机构B；
-锁定机构C；
-直线动力输出机构D；
进一步地：
同轴设置的转向动力输入机构A与转向传动机构B在周向上具有相对可转动角度范围；在转向动力输入机构A从所述相对可转动角度范围的一端角度至另一端角度相对于转向传动机构B转动的过程中，转向动力输入机构A依次经过相对角度：角度I、角度 范围II、角度III；
当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度范围II内时，锁定机构C锁定转向传动机构B，使得转向传动机构B与直线动力输出机构D之间保持相对静止；
当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度I时，锁定机构C在转向动力输入机构A的驱使下释放转向传动机构B，并且，转向传动机构B能够伴随转向动力输入机构A向远离角度范围II的第一圆周方向转动并驱动直线动力输出机构D发生位移；
当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度III时，锁定机构C在转向动力输入机构A的驱使下释放转向传动机构B，并且，转向传动机构B能够伴随转向动力输入机构A向远离角度范围II的第二圆周方向转动并驱动直线动力输出机构D发生位移；其中，第一圆周方向与第二圆周方向相反。
优选地，角度I与角度III之间的角度范围构成所述角度范围II。
如图1所示，本发明提供一种腔镜外科吻合器。此腔镜外科吻合器包括一个管状结构和控弯机构，管状结构远端具有吻合器钳口，近端连接控弯机构。
如图2所示是本发明中的控弯机构，所述控弯机构包括：扳手1、旋转头上部分7，其中扳手1安装在旋转头上部分7。
优选地，转向传动机构B上沿圆周方向设置有多个锁定位，随着转向传动机构B的转动，锁定机构C能够锁定转向传动机构B于对应的锁定位。
优选地，所述转向动力输入机构A为扳手1，转向传动机构B包括中心轴3和设置于中心轴3上的锁止盘2，锁定机构C为滑块4，直线动力输出机构D为齿条5；
扳手1的销孔102与中心轴3的扇形孔303通过销6配合；扇形孔303的角度构成所述相对可转动角度范围；
扳手1上沿周向设置有多个开关齿槽103；
锁止盘2上沿周向设置有多个锁止槽202；
滑块4上设置有与开关齿槽103配合的推出斜面403、与锁止槽202配合的锁止凸台404、以及驱使滑块4的推出斜面403推进开关齿槽103槽腔的复位弹簧401；
设置于中心轴3上的齿轮301啮合于所述齿条5。
优选地，当销6位于扇形孔303的一端时，所述扳手1处于角度I；当销6位于扇形孔303的另一端时，所述扳手1处于角度III；当销6位于扇形孔303的一端与另一端之间的区域时，所述扳手1处于角度范围II。
优选地，所述锁止凸台404通过伸入构成所述锁定位的所述锁止槽202的槽腔内形 成对锁止盘2的锁定，并通过从所述锁止槽202的槽腔内缩回形成对锁止盘2的释放。
优选地，所述锁止槽202包括一直线段，所述锁止凸台404通过与所述直线段啮合以锁定所述锁止盘2。
如图3所示为控弯机构的具体结构，控弯机构，包括：锁止盘2、扳手1、滑块4、压簧401；其中，所述锁止盘2与中心轴3固定，且上面有一系列的锁止槽202；
扳手1与中心轴3通过销6连接，扳手1设置有一系列的开关齿槽；滑块4的远端设置有推出斜面403、锁止凸台404；压簧401，置于滑块4与旋转头上部分7之间。扳手1的开关齿槽103和锁止盘2的锁止槽202都有一个中间位置，此时吻合器钳口处于直线状态。
更具体地，旋转头上部分7有一开口，可以容纳中心轴3、锁止盘2、扳手1，上述中心轴3、锁止盘2、扳手1这三个零件和旋转头的开口沿同轴布置。锁止盘2通过方孔201与中心轴3上面的方形面302紧固配合，在一些情况下，锁止盘2和中心轴3这两个零件可以做成一体。扳手1上面的销孔102与中心轴3上面的扇形孔303通过销6配合。滑块4置于旋转头上部分7的内部，与旋转头上部分7同方向布置，滑块4上的推出斜面403与扳手1的开关齿槽103配合，锁止凸台404置于锁止盘2的锁止槽202当中。压簧401置于滑块4的压簧槽402内，置于旋转头上部分7的凸台与滑块4之间。中心轴3通过中心轴3上的齿轮301与齿条5的齿条结构501啮合，起到将旋转运动转化为直线运动并最终控制吻合器前端转弯的作用。此外，在扳手1上面，设置有一个角度限位槽101，如图4所示，在旋转头上部分7的开口处，有一个限位凸台，可以限定扳手的旋转角度，避免旋转过度。
优选地，还包括旋转头7；
所述扳手1装配于旋转头7的开口；
旋转头7的开口设置有限位凸台，所述扳手1上设置有与限位凸台配合的角度限位槽101。
如图4和图5所示，锁止盘2的锁止槽202有一直线段，锁止盘2的锁止槽202是圆周阵列分布的，且各个锁止槽的角度分布是相等的，锁止盘2的锁止槽202与扳手1的开关齿槽103一一对应。扳手1上设置有一个角度限位槽101，确保扳手在一定角度内旋转，防止过度旋转。
作为本发明提供的第一实施例的变化例，上述各个锁止槽的角度分布也可以是不等距的或者锁止盘2的锁止槽202与扳手1的开关齿槽103也可以是非一一对应的。
一种外科器械，包括如上所述任一项控弯机构。所述外科器械为外科吻合器，所述控弯机构的直线动力输出机构D连接吻合器的钳口。
如图6至14所示，为上述控弯机构的工作原理，具体为：
如图6至图8所示，销6位于扇形孔303的一端时，所述扳手1处于角度范围I，此时压簧401推动滑块4滑入扳手的一个开关齿槽103，此时，滑块4的锁止凸台404进入锁止盘2的锁止槽202，并锁定锁止盘2，从而锁止中心轴3，固定一个旋转角度。由于滑块4的锁止凸台404与锁止盘2的锁止槽202直线段啮合，齿条5带动齿轮301的转动并不能推动滑块4运动，达到锁止的目的。
如图9至图11所示，销6位于扇形孔303的两端之间时，所述扳手1处于角度范围I与角度范围Ⅲ之间，即处于角度范围Ⅱ时，扳手1带动销6旋转一个角度，扳手1的开关齿槽103与滑块4的推出斜面403配合，将滑块4推出；此时，滑块4的锁止凸台404与锁止盘2的锁止槽202配合脱离。继续旋转扳手1，则销6通过扇形孔303带动中心轴3旋转，并带动齿条5前后运动，起到转弯的作用。
如图12至图14所示，销6位于扇形孔303的另一端时，扳手1转动到下一个位置，压簧401推动滑块4滑入扳手的另一个开关齿槽103，此时，滑块4的锁止凸台404进入锁止盘2的锁止槽202，并锁定锁止盘2，从而锁止中心轴3，固定一个旋转角度。由于滑块4的锁止凸台404与锁止盘2的锁止槽202直线段啮合，齿条5带动齿轮301的转动并不能推动滑块4运动，达到锁止的目的。
如图15，示出了本发明提供的第二实施例的一种控弯机构，所述控弯机构包括：扳手1、旋转头上部分7，其中扳手1安装在旋转头上部分7。
具体地，所述控弯机构，包括：构成转向动力输入机构A的扳手和伴随扳手同步转动的升降环；构成转向传动机构B的中心轴3；构成锁定机构C的凸轮锁9、压簧10、旋转头上部分7；并且，凸轮锁9啮合于转向传动机构B；构成直线动力输出机构D的齿条5；其中，齿条5啮合于设置在中心轴3上的齿轮301；进一步地：同轴设置的转向动力输入机构A与转向传动机构B在周向上具有相对可转动角度范围；在转向动力输入机构A从所述相对可转动角度范围的一端角度至另一端角度相对于转向传动机构B转动的过程中，转向动力输入机构A依次经过相对角度：角度I、角度范围II、角度III；当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度范围II时，在压簧10的驱使下，凸轮锁9啮合锁定于旋转头以锁定转向传动机构B，使得转向传动机构B与直线动力输出机构D之间保持相对静止；当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度I时，凸轮锁9在升降环8的驱使下 脱离旋转头以释放转向传动机构B，并且，转向传动机构B能够伴随转向动力输入机构A向远离角度范围II的第一圆周方向转动并驱动直线动力输出机构D发生位移；当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度III时，凸轮锁9在升降环8的驱使下脱离旋转头以释放转向传动机构B，并且，转向传动机构B能够伴随转向动力输入机构A向远离角度范围II的第二圆周方向转动并驱动直线动力输出机构D发生位移；其中，第一圆周方向与第二圆周方向相反。
旋转头上部分7，有一开口701，内有一系列的定位槽702；中心轴3，轴上有齿轮301，通过连接齿条5，并进一步通过置于管状结构内部的连接装置，连接吻合器钳口；升降环8，与中心轴3同轴布置，含有驱动斜面802；凸轮锁9，与中心轴3同轴布置，含有连接凸台901，与中心轴3连接，同时含有被动斜面904，与升降环8的驱动斜面802配合，另含有定位齿902；扳手1，与升降环8通过凸台105配合，并通过销6与中心轴3连接；压簧10，置于扳手1和升降环8之间。
角度I与角度III之间的角度范围构成所述角度范围II。旋转头开口处沿圆周方向设置有多个啮合锁定位，随着凸轮锁9的转动，凸轮锁9能够啮合旋转头于对应的啮合锁定位。
更具体地，所述外科器械为外科吻合器，所述控弯机构的直线动力输出机构D连接吻合器的钳口。其中，旋转头上的定位槽702有一中间位置，使吻合器钳口处于直线状态。
扳手1的销孔102与中心轴3的扇形孔303通过销6配合；扇形孔303的角度构成所述相对可转动角度范围；扳手1向下延伸出凸台105，升降环8设置有扳手配合槽801，凸台105啮合于扳手配合槽801中。
当销6位于扇形孔303的一端时，所述扳手1处于角度I；当销6位于扇形孔303的另一端时，所述扳手1处于角度III；当销6位于扇形孔303的一端与另一端之间的区域时，所述扳手1处于角度范围II。
升降环8上设置有驱动斜面802，凸轮锁9设置有被动斜面904，被动斜面904配合于驱动斜面802；当升降环8在扳手1的驱动下在角度范围II内转动时，升降环8与凸轮锁9发生相对转动；当升降环8在扳手1的驱动下转动到角度I以及角度III时，通过驱动斜面802驱动被动斜面904使得凸轮锁9远离旋转头以脱离与旋转头的啮合锁定。
扳手1设置有盖板104，凸轮锁9设置有压簧支撑面903，压簧10连接在盖板104 与压簧支撑面903之间。
旋转头的开口设置有限位凸台，所述扳手1上设置有与限位凸台配合的角度限位槽。旋转头上的定位槽702是圆周阵列分布，各个定位槽702的角度分布是不等距的。此外，旋转头上的开口处设置有一个限位凸台，确保扳手在一定角度内旋转，防止过度旋转。
作为本发明提供的第二实施例的变化例，上述各个定位槽的角度分布也可以是相等的。
更具体地，本发明第二实施例是一种腔镜吻合器控弯机构，包括扳手1、压簧10、凸轮锁9、升降环8、中心轴3、旋转头上部分7、齿条5、销6。其中，旋转头上部分7有一开口，可以容纳扳手1、压簧10、凸轮锁9、升降环8、中心轴3，上述扳手1、压簧10、凸轮锁9、升降环8、中心轴3这五个零件和旋转头上的开口沿同轴布置；开口内有一系列的定位槽702。中心轴3、升降环8、凸轮锁9这三个零件由内到外布置，凸轮锁9的连接凸台901与中心轴3的连接槽304配合，被动斜面904与升降环8的驱动斜面802配合，定位齿902置于旋转头上的一系列定位槽702内。扳手1的凸台105与升降环8的扳手配合槽801配合。压簧10置于凸轮锁9的压簧支撑面903和扳手1的盖板104之间。扳手1的销孔102通过销6与中心轴3的扇形孔303配合。齿条5置于旋转头上部分7内，和中心轴3的齿轮301啮合。
当旋转扳手的时候，扳手1的凸台105带动升降环8旋转一个角度，升降环8通过驱动斜面802驱动凸轮锁9的被动斜面904，使凸轮锁9升高，定位齿902与旋转头上部分7的定位槽702脱离啮合状态；继续旋转扳手，则销6通过扇形孔303带动中心轴3旋转，中心轴3带动凸轮锁9旋转，同时带动齿条5前后运动，起到转弯的作用。
当扳手1转动到下一个位置时，松开扳手1，压簧10推动凸轮锁9，使定位齿902卡入旋转头上部分7的另一个定位槽702，此时，凸轮锁9可以锁紧中心轴3，使其不能自由转动。由于凸轮锁9的定位齿902与旋转头上部分7的定位槽702直线段啮合，齿条5带动齿轮301的转动并不能使凸轮锁9转动，达到锁止的目的。
在旋转头上的开口处，有一个限位凸台，可以限定扳手的旋转角度，避免旋转过度。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种控弯机构，其特征在于，包括如下装置：
    -转向动力输入机构A；
    -转向传动机构B；
    -锁定机构C；
    -直线动力输出机构D；
    进一步地：
    同轴设置的转向动力输入机构A与转向传动机构B在周向上具有相对可转动角度范围；在转向动力输入机构A从所述相对可转动角度范围的一端角度至另一端角度相对于转向传动机构B转动的过程中，转向动力输入机构A依次经过相对角度：角度I、角度范围II、角度III；
    当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度范围II内时，锁定机构C锁定转向传动机构B，使得转向传动机构B与直线动力输出机构D之间保持相对静止；
    当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度I时，锁定机构C在转向动力输入机构A的驱使下释放转向传动机构B，并且，转向传动机构B能够伴随转向动力输入机构A向远离角度范围II的第一圆周方向转动并驱动直线动力输出机构D发生位移；
    当转向动力输入机构A处于所述角度III时，锁定机构C在转向动力输入机构A的驱使下释放转向传动机构B，并且，转向传动机构B能够伴随转向动力输入机构A向远离角度范围II的第二圆周方向转动并驱动直线动力输出机构D发生位移；其中，第一圆周方向与第二圆周方向相反。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的控弯机构，其特征在于，角度I与角度III之间的角度范围构成所述角度范围II。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的控弯机构，其特征在于，转向传动机构B上沿圆周方向设置有多个锁定位，随着转向传动机构B的转动，锁定机构C能够锁定转向传动机构B于对应的锁定位。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的控弯机构，其特征在于，所述转向动力输入机构A为扳手(1)，转向传动机构B包括中心轴(3)和设置于中心轴(3)上的锁止盘(2)，锁定机构C为滑块(4)，直线动力输出机构D为齿条(5)；
    扳手(1)的销孔(102)与中心轴(3)的扇形孔(303)通过销(6)配合；扇形 孔(303)的角度构成所述相对可转动角度范围；
    扳手(1)上沿周向设置有多个开关齿槽(103)；
    锁止盘(2)上沿周向设置有多个锁止槽(202)；
    滑块(4)上设置有与开关齿槽(103)配合的推出斜面(403)、与锁止槽(202)配合的锁止凸台(404)、以及驱使滑块(4)的推出斜面(403)推进开关齿槽(103)槽腔的复位弹簧(401)；
    设置于中心轴(3)上的齿轮(301)啮合于所述齿条(5)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的控弯机构，其特征在于，当销(6)位于扇形孔(303)的一端时，所述扳手(1)处于角度I；当销(6)位于扇形孔(303)的另一端时，所述扳手(1)处于角度III；当销(6)位于扇形孔(303)的一端与另一端之间的区域时，所述扳手(1)处于角度范围II。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的控弯机构，其特征在于，所述锁止凸台(404)通过伸入构成所述锁定位的所述锁止槽(202)的槽腔内形成对锁止盘(2)的锁定，并通过从所述锁止槽(202)的槽腔内缩回形成对锁止盘(2)的释放。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的控弯机构，其特征在于，所述锁止槽(202)包括一直线段，所述锁止凸台(404)通过与所述直线段啮合以锁定所述锁止盘(2)。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的控弯机构，其特征在于，还包括旋转头(7)；
    所述扳手(1)装配于旋转头(7)的开口；
    旋转头(7)的开口设置有限位凸台，所述扳手(1)上设置有与限位凸台配合的角度限位槽(101)。
  9. 一种外科器械，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至8中任一项所述的控弯机构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述外科器械为外科吻合器，所述控弯机构的直线动力输出机构D连接吻合器的钳口。
PCT/CN2015/090207 2015-01-19 2015-09-22 一种外科器械及其控弯机构 WO2016115917A1 (zh)

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