WO2016110195A1 - 智能车门启闭器 - Google Patents

智能车门启闭器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016110195A1
WO2016110195A1 PCT/CN2015/098885 CN2015098885W WO2016110195A1 WO 2016110195 A1 WO2016110195 A1 WO 2016110195A1 CN 2015098885 W CN2015098885 W CN 2015098885W WO 2016110195 A1 WO2016110195 A1 WO 2016110195A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
door
control
switch
line
closed
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Application number
PCT/CN2015/098885
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜成平
Original Assignee
杜成平
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Publication date
Application filed by 杜成平 filed Critical 杜成平
Publication of WO2016110195A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016110195A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/01—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for a car door, in particular to a smart door shutter which can be electrically operated and can ensure that the vehicle can be locked while the vehicle is running or when the driver leaves the vehicle, and is referred to as opening and closing in the following description.
  • Device for a car door, in particular to a smart door shutter which can be electrically operated and can ensure that the vehicle can be locked while the vehicle is running or when the driver leaves the vehicle, and is referred to as opening and closing in the following description.
  • the current car generally adopts an open-door door, and the driver can freely control the door that is opened and closed in the driver's seat only beside the steering wheel.
  • the driver can freely control the door that is opened and closed in the driver's seat only beside the steering wheel.
  • the rear door of the car usually has a child safety lock. Otherwise, some passengers do not wait for the car to open when opening the door or when getting off. Steady and did not observe the surrounding conditions, rushed to open the door and jumped off the car... This is very dangerous for the people inside the car and the neighboring vehicles and pedestrians.
  • the child safety lock is turned on, the rear occupant cannot open the door from the inside of the car. After the driver stops, he has to go outside the car to open the door for the rear occupant. Because of this cumbersome operation, the child safety locks of many vehicles are ineffective. When the driver is parked to leave the vehicle, it is usually necessary to circumnavigate the vehicle after locking with a remote control or a key to prevent the individual doors from being closed and empty the door to lose property.
  • the position of the driver's seat is convenient for observing the condition around the vehicle.
  • the door with the shutter can be manually and electrically controlled.
  • the driver can easily control it in the driver's seat. It can also electrically control the opening and closing of the child safety lock to prevent the occupants from opening the door at an inappropriate time.
  • the electric closing of the hoist is also smoother and smoother than the manual closing, and the closing sound is more round and soft. Doors that are not closed by remote control, central control or key lock will also be automatically closed. The doors that are not closed during driving will be automatically closed even if the driver has not noticed.
  • the forced mode and one-way function of the shutter further enhance the safety of the driving, and the driver can drive more focusedly.
  • the central control can also automatically close the door.
  • Closing the door with a key can also close the door that has not been closed.
  • the shutter can be used to understand the operation of the switch.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the shutter, and other components such as a seal ring and a liquid inlet are omitted for the sake of simplicity.
  • Fig. 2 is a portion of Fig. 1 connected to the left pipe joint 11 and the right pipe joint 12 of the cylinder block 7.
  • the valve opening shown in the figure is parallel to the pipe in which it is located, and the valve opening is closed perpendicular to the pipe in which it is located.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic external view of the main body of the hoist in FIG. 1, and the left pipe joint 11 and the right pipe joint 12 of the cylinder block 7 are connected to the pipe 5 shown in FIG.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the application of the switch, the left side is the open door state, and the right side is the closed door state. Not shown in Fig. 2, it can be seen as being hidden under the main body of the shutter or at a suitable position, and connected to the left duct interface 11 and the right duct interface 12 of the cylinder 7 through the duct 5.
  • Figure 5 is an external view of the steering switch.
  • Figure 6 is only a schematic diagram of the circuit of the switch, the various unlocking lines connected to the coil of the relay KA1 and the respective blocking lines connected to the coil of the relay KA2, and the delay relay KT belong to all the shutters, and the fuses are omitted in the figure.
  • the main control valve 3 controller, the oil pump valve 1 controller, the child safety lock controller and the lock block controller are similar to the solenoid valve coil and the relay contact.
  • the combination body is controlled by energizing the coil to generate magnetism to move the iron core in the coil, and at the same time, the contact of the contact is closed or opened, except for the child safety lock.
  • the controller is drawn as a double coil, and the remaining controllers only draw a single coil, which can be seen as a spring reset after the coil power supply is disconnected.
  • the method of controlling the lock button with the micro motor in the commonly used door can be referred to, which is equivalent to increasing the power arm, and the effect is better.
  • oil pump valve 2. one-way control valve, 3. main control valve, 4. one-way valve, 5. pipe, 6. outer casing, 7. cylinder, 8. piston rod, 9. connecting hole, 10.
  • Base plate 11. Left pipe interface, 12. Right pipe interface, 13. Pressure switch, 14. Pressure switch, 15. Electric oil pump, 16. Door, 17. Hoist main body, 18. Body, 19. Piston.
  • the door next to the steering wheel is not equipped with a shutter in the range that the driver can easily control.
  • the other door-mounted shutters should avoid interference with peripheral components.
  • the shutters of each door are respectively corresponding to the four-sided pressable panel.
  • the button switch is used for control.
  • This panel button switch is called a control switch, as shown in FIG. 5, and is disposed at a position convenient for the driver to operate.
  • the four sides of the control switch are marked as: (open the door), (close the door), (stop), (force), respectively, the corresponding control is: S3 (electric open switch), S4 (electric close switch), S1 (stop switch), S2 (force mode and electric mode switch), where S3, S4, S1 are not self-locking buttons, press the corresponding switch
  • S3 electric open switch
  • S4 electric close switch
  • S1 stop switch
  • S2 force mode and electric mode switch
  • the S2 can also control the opening and closing of the child safety lock.
  • S1 normally closed contact input end has a parallel line, connected to relay KA3 and relay KA4 normally open contact input terminal, providing power for the child safety lock controller, and connecting with resistor R1 and resistor R2, respectively, through S2 Capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 are charged.
  • the capacitor C1 is in a charging state.
  • the electric door opener switch S3 and the electric door closing switch S4 are connected by an interlocking line; the door closing contactor KM1 and the door opening contactor KM2 are also connected by an interlocking line.
  • the input end of the normally open contact of the relay KA2 and the output end of the normally closed contact of the door wrench control switch, and the output end of the delay relay KT lead to the line connection of the controller coil of the main control valve 3, and the normally open contact output end thereof It is connected to the line of the electric door closer switch S4 leading to the door closer KM1.
  • the line of the electric door open switch S3 leading to the door opener KM2 passes through its normally closed contact.
  • the coil of the relay KA2 is connected with the locking circuit of the vehicle speed sensor, the remote control, the central control and the door lock. When the blocking circuit is connected, the coil of the relay KA2 is also powered on, and the normally open contact is closed and the normally closed contact is opened.
  • the electric opening switch S3 is disconnected from its normally closed contact to the circuit of the KM2 coil of the door opener.
  • the closing of the normally open contact of the relay KA2 turns on the power of the KM1 coil of the closing contactor, and the circuit for electrically closing the door is turned on.
  • the electric door opener switch S3 cannot open the door opener contactor KM2, thereby avoiding a short circuit by simultaneously closing the door closing contactor KM1 and the door opening contactor KM2.
  • the coil of the relay KA1 is connected to the unlocking line of the remote control, the central control and the door lock. When the unlocking line is turned on, the coil is also powered on, and the circuit passing through its normally closed contact is disconnected.
  • diodes V1 and V2 are: when S2 turns on the forced mode circuit, the current to the controller of the main control valve 3 is not transmitted to the electric mode circuit; when the S2 disconnects the forced mode circuit to the electric mode circuit, The current of the main control valve 3 controller is also not passed to the forced mode circuit.
  • diodes V3 and V4 are: when S2 turns on the forced mode circuit, the current to the normally open contact input of the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14 does not pass to the electric mode circuit; S2 turns off the forced mode circuit to turn on the electric In the mode circuit, the current to the normally open contact input of the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14 is also not transmitted to the forced mode circuit.
  • the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14 installed in the hoist oil circuit pipeline have their normally open contact input terminals connected in parallel and are connected to the normally closed contact output end of the relay KA1 through the diode V3, and also through the diode V4 and the forced mode.
  • the output of circuit S2 is connected.
  • the output of the normally open contact of the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14 is also connected to the buzzer H after being connected in parallel.
  • the line of the normally closed contact of the pressure switch 13 and the line of the normally closed contact of the door closing limit switch 1 are connected in series to the circuit of the coil of the closing contactor KM1.
  • the line of the normally closed contact of the pressure switch 14 and the line of the normally closed contact of the open limit stop switch are connected in series to the circuit of the coil of the open contactor KM2.
  • the pressure switch 13 or the pressure switch 14 contacts are reset and the buzzer H is turned off again, and the buzzer stops.
  • the circuit leading to the electric oil pump 15 is not controlled by the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14, even if the pressure is applied, only the buzzing sound does not stop until the closing process ends.
  • the time delay relay KT will not be controlled by the line of the central locking and the speed sensor blocking.
  • the time delay relay KT is set to be not turned on when the ignition switch is turned on, and is only turned on after the ignition switch is turned off, and the control line is connected to the line blocked by the remote control receiver and the line locked in the door lock.
  • the door wrench control switch will be activated to open the normally closed contact and open the circuit passing through the contact.
  • the shutter is composed of an execution cylinder including a cylinder block 7 and a casing 6 with a bottom plate 10 connected thereto, and a piston rod 8 having a connecting hole 9 at the end thereof, and a control mechanism.
  • the piston 19 is fixed to the piston rod 8 passing through the cylinder 7, and the cylinder 7 filled with the liquid is divided into left and right portions.
  • Cylinder block 7 left pipe interface 11 The pipe 5 is divided into three pipes and connected to the right pipe interface 12 of the cylinder block 7, respectively: the pipe of the electric oil pump 15 for the oil circuit drive, and the oil pump valve 1, the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14 are also connected in the pipeline.
  • a pipe as a main control valve 3 for controlling the oil passage, and a pipe having a one-way control valve 2 and a one-way valve 4.
  • the execution cylinder is fixed to the door 16 and the body 18 by means of a bottom plate 10 which is slightly rotatable by the outer casing 6 and a connecting hole 9 at the end of the piston rod 8, respectively.
  • the piston 19 is left or right in the cylinder 7. Movement will cause the door 16 to close or open.
  • the limiting box component in the door opening limiter can be arranged in the cavity of the outer casing 6, the piston rod 8 in the shape of the tail limited arm, and the maximum stroke that the piston 19 can reach in the cylinder 7 when the door is opened, the limitation The degree to which the door is opened is used instead of the door opening limiter.
  • the function of the oil pump valve 1 is to turn on in the electric mode or the forced mode to allow the liquid to pass; when the electric mode or the forced mode is stopped, the liquid is closed to prevent the liquid from passing.
  • the one-way control valve 2 is interlocked with the oil pump valve 1 and is controlled by the oil pump valve 1 controller. Its opening and closing are opposite to the oil pump valve 1 and are closed in the electric mode or the forced mode operation to prevent liquid from passing through the one-way valve 4; When the electric mode or forced mode is stopped when the operation is stopped, the liquid can pass in one direction, so as to close the door manually.
  • the oil pump valve 1 controller and the one-way control valve 2 and the oil pump valve 1 can be regarded as a combination of a two-position four-way solenoid valve and a relay contact.
  • the solenoid valve coil When the solenoid valve coil is connected to the power source, the oil pump valve 1 is opened, one-way.
  • the control valve 2 is closed and its contact is closed; after the coil is disconnected from the power supply, the oil pump valve 1 is closed, the one-way control valve 2 is opened, and the contact is returned to the open state.
  • the main control valve 3 is controlled by the main control valve 3 controller, the coil of the controller is connected to the output end of S2 through the diode V1 and the forced mode circuit, and the normally closed contact is also controlled by the diode V2 and the door wrench in the electric mode circuit.
  • the output end and the output end of the time delay relay KT are connected.
  • the main control valve 3 together with the main control valve 3 controller can be regarded as a normally open solenoid valve connected in series on the oil pipeline.
  • the lock block controller is powered on when the electric mode is opened, and drives the lock block lever that is controlled by the inner door opening and the outer open wrench.
  • the lock block is opened (the lock block controller can also drive the lock block when the child safety lock is opened and the lock button is locked) and its contact is closed to open the circuit passing through its contact; When the contacts are turned back on.
  • the child safety lock controller also opens or closes the child safety lock by driving the lever and drives its contacts to close or open.
  • the power of the switch is from the parallel electric vehicle circuit in the case of no other operation, one of which is used to control the child safety lock, and the other is passed the stop switch S1.
  • the normally closed contact, the electric mode circuit of S2 and the normally closed contact of the door wrench control switch are divided into two paths: one is connected to the normally open contact input end of the relay KA2, and the controller is through the diode V2 and the main control valve 3
  • the coil is connected; one pass through the normally closed contact of the relay KA1 and then divided into three ways: one is connected to the interlocking electric open switch S3 and the normally closed contact input of the electric closing switch S4; one is connected to the closing contactor KM1 and The input end of the normally open contact of the open contactor KM2 and the normally open auxiliary contact input end; and one way is connected to the normally open contact input end of the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14 via the diode V3.
  • each valve is shown in Figure 2: the oil pump valve 1 is closed, the one-way control valve 2 is open, and the main control valve 3 is closed. This is the manual mode state. If the door is opened or the wrench is opened in this state, the door wrench control switch will be activated to open the normally closed contact while the lock block is opened, and the main control valve 3 is disconnected in its controller coil. After the power is turned on, the channel connecting the left and right sides of the cylinder 7 is opened, and the piston 19 in the cylinder 7 can move left and right under the action of an external force, and the liquid is pushed to the left or right through the main control valve 3, and can also be manually Open and close the door. When the door wrench is released, the main control valve 3 is closed because its controller coil is powered on again.
  • the pipe in which the one-way control valve 2 is in the open state has a one-way valve 4 connected in series, and the piston 19 cannot push the liquid on the right side to the left side through the one-way valve 4 even under the action of an external force, forcibly pushing only
  • the circuit in which the pressure switch 13 in the pipe is pressurized and the buzzer is turned on emits a beep.
  • the piston 19 cannot move to the right, it can move to the left, pushing the liquid on the left side against the force of the spring, pushing the one-way spool toward the right.
  • the right side of the one-way valve 4 passes, so in this state, the external force can only close the door and cannot open the door.
  • the control switch If the control switch is pressed (closed) in the manual mode state, the current passes through the normally closed contact of the pressure switch 13 and the normally closed contact of the closed limit switch 1 when the normally open contact of S4 is closed.
  • the coil of the door contactor KM1 is closed so that its normally open contact is closed.
  • the electric mode is closed, and the running circuit mainly passes through: the normally closed contact of S1, the electric mode circuit of S2, the normally closed contact of the door wrench control switch, the normally closed contact of the relay KA1, and then the door closing contact.
  • the valves are opened and closed in the same state.
  • the main difference is that the positive and negative poles of the electric oil pump 15 are different, and the rotation direction is opposite.
  • the lock block is controlled by the lock. The drive is turned on.
  • Pressing the control switch (stop) during the electric mode operation, or unlocking with the remote control, unlocking the central control or unlocking the door with the key can stop the circuit from running, and the contact of the door opener KM2 or the door closer KM1 can be opened. status.
  • the door open limit switch or the door limit switch 1 is activated to open the normally closed contact, and the power of the open contactor KM2 or the KM1 coil of the door closer is also disconnected.
  • the circuit of the point stops automatically. If an obstacle is encountered during the electric mode operation, when the resistance received reaches and exceeds the setting, the pressure switch 13 or the pressure switch 14 may disconnect the power of the switch door contactor KM1 or the door opener KM2 coil and turn on the buzzer.
  • the power of the device causes the circuit of the shutter to be disconnected and stops running, and a beep sounds.
  • pull the open or external wrench in the door open the normally closed contact opening circuit of the door wrench control switch while opening the lock block, and open the main control valve 3 at the same time of stopping the operation, then manually Open and close the door.
  • the vehicle speed sensor turns on the coil of the relay KA2 while the blocking circuit is connected.
  • the closing circuit is turned on, the unclosed door will automatically close.
  • the door that is not closed during the driving of the vehicle will be automatically closed, and the door can be controlled by the remote control, the central control or the key when the door is locked or unlocked.
  • the principle is that the switch of the relay KA2 coil that can control the closing of the door is connected with the blocking line;
  • the line of the relay KA1 coil that can break the open circuit operation circuit is connected to the unlocking line. Please refer to the detailed description of "Can close the door by remote control".
  • the switch can control the line of the relay KA2 coil of the closing door and the control line of the delay relay KT and the line of the remote receiver latching; the line of the relay KA1 coil of the open circuit of the open circuit can be disconnected from the line of the remote receiver connection.
  • the remote control is blocked.
  • the blocking circuit and the time delay relay KT control circuit are turned on, the coil of the relay KA2 is also turned on. Since the time delay relay KT does not function at this time, Therefore, the power supply of the switch comes from the parallel electrical circuit of the vehicle.
  • the coil of the relay KA2 is turned on to make its normally open contact closed, the current passes through its closed normally open contact, and the normally closed contact and the closed door of the pressure switch 13
  • the normally closed contact of the limit travel switch 1 opens the coil of the closing contactor KM1
  • the controller of the oil pump valve 1 is turned on with the closing of the normally open contact of the closing contactor KM1, and the oil pump valve 1 is closed while being closed.
  • the linked one-way control valve 2 and the contacts of its controller are closed, and finally the electric oil pump 15 and the parallel indicator lights are turned on.
  • the liquid in the cylinder 7 pushes the piston 19 to the left under the driving of the electric oil pump 15, and pushes the left liquid through the oil pump valve 1 to the right and drives the door 16 to close.
  • the remote control unlock button When unlocking, the coil of the relay KA1 is also turned on. The normally closed contact opens and closes the circuit of the opener, and the door stops. The door contactor KM1 also closes. As the coil is de-energized, the contacts are returned to the open state. You can also press the control switch (stop) to open the S1 normally closed contact, or pull the open or outer wrench in the door to open the normally closed contact of the door wrench control switch, and press the central unlock button or key When the door is unlocked, the circuit can be disconnected to stop.
  • the pressure switch 13 When the door is closed with the remote control lock, if it encounters an obstacle, when the resistance is reached and exceeds the setting, the pressure switch 13 will cut off the power of the KM1 coil of the door contactor, and turn on the buzzer while the circuit is stopped. The power of H is beeping. Otherwise, the door will touch the door limit limit switch 1 when the door is closed, and the power of the KM1 coil of the door contactor will be cut off and automatically stopped.
  • the ignition switch After the ignition switch is turned off, the power of the on-board electric appliance and the switch is disconnected, and the power of the delay relay KT is turned on, and it is in the standby state.
  • the remote control When the vehicle is to be removed from the vehicle, the remote control is blocked.
  • the blocking circuit and the delay relay KT control circuit are turned on, the coil of the relay KA2 is also turned on.
  • the difference from the ignition switch is that the power supply from the time delay relay is directly It is connected with the normally closed contact input terminal of the relay K1, and turns on the circuit for closing the door and delays the power off. Because the circuit is different, it is impossible to stop the operation or open the main control valve 3 by pulling the open or external wrench inside the door at this time.
  • Some models have a remote control receiver set to: The remote control does not work with the ignition switch on. If the remote control is to be activated when the ignition is turned on, the circuit of the receiver must be changed.
  • the central control can also automatically close the door.
  • the switch can control the line connecting the closed KA2 coil and the line of the central control lock; the line of the relay KA1 coil that can break the open circuit of the open circuit is connected with the line of the central control unlock.
  • the middle control lock button is pressed, the door can be closed and the central control unlock button is pressed. It is also the circuit that turns the door lock button on or off while the door lock button is locked or unlocked, but because the central control unlock and lock are all
  • the door is carried out at the same time, and the door to be opened depends on the specific situation, so only the central control is closed and the central control is not opened. In order to prevent the battery from being over-discharged, the power supply of the on-board electric appliance and the hoist is disconnected after the vehicle turns off the ignition switch.
  • the line of the central control lock cannot control the delay relay KT, so the door cannot be automatically closed when the central control lock button is pressed.
  • the central control lock button and the central control unlock button can only play the role of blocking and unlocking, and the door opening and closing can be performed manually.
  • Closing the door with a key can also close the door that has not been closed.
  • the switch can control the line of the relay KA2 coil of the closing door and the control line of the time delay relay KT and the line of the internal locking of the door key lock; the line of the relay KA1 coil and the door key lock can be unlocked by the open circuit of the open circuit breaker Line connection. Therefore, regardless of whether the ignition switch is on or off, the door can be controlled by the key being locked or unlocked from the door.
  • the forced mode of the shutter is only set to forcibly close the door.
  • a line is connected to the coil of the main control valve 3 controller via the diode V1.
  • Another line pass The diode V4 is connected to the normally open contact input of the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14.
  • the device for opening the child safety lock opens the child safety lock, and the contact of the controller is closed and the circuit of the controller of the oil pump valve 1 is turned on.
  • the oil pump valve 1 is opened, the one-way control valve linked thereto is closed. And the contacts of its controller are closed, and finally the electric oil pump 15 and the parallel indicator lights are turned on.
  • the liquid in the cylinder 7 pushes the piston 19 to the left under the driving of the electric oil pump 15, pushing the left liquid through the oil pump valve 1 to the right and driving the door 16 to close.
  • the forced mode is running, the state of each valve is turned on and off and the state of the electric mode is the same.
  • the control switch (forced) is pressed, the self-locking S2 turns off the electric mode circuit while turning on the forced mode circuit.
  • the door opening contactor KM2 or the door closing contactor KM1 cannot be controlled, and the inner door opening or the outer opening wrench is pulled, and the main control valve 3 cannot be opened or the circuit can be cut off.
  • the pressure switch 13 and the pressure switch 14 cannot control the circuit in which they operate.
  • some resistance is encountered, only a beep is sounded to remind the driver that the operation is not stopped. If it is not pressed (stopped) during the forced mode operation, the door closing limit switch 2 will be activated when the door is closed. The normally closed contact will open and stop the circuit and automatically stop, and the child safety lock will remain open.
  • the S1 normally closed contact opens, and the circuit is stopped.
  • the self-locking S2 is turned off when the forced mode circuit is returned to the electric mode circuit.
  • the coil of the relay KA4 whose normally open contact is closed, turns on the child safety lock controller to close the circuit of the child safety lock.
  • the controller contact is turned on again.
  • the forced mode is to prevent someone from obstructing the closing of the door, and the vehicle is on an uneven road surface. If the door closing resistance is too large, the electric mode cannot be closed. It can also prevent the occupant from opening the door at an inappropriate time and causing danger.
  • the driver can also use the electric mode to close the door and then press (force) to activate the forced mode. Only when the forced mode is pressed (stopped), the occupant can manually open the door from the inside of the vehicle, or the driver can open and close the door by electric manipulation.
  • the one-way valve 4 is connected in series in the oil pipeline where the one-way control valve 2 is located, as shown in FIG. 2, the liquid cannot be from the check valve.
  • the right side of the door 4 passes to the left, but the one-way spool can be pushed from the left to pass to the right against the spring force.
  • the S2 is connected to the electric mode circuit. Under the condition that the operation is not performed, the state of each valve is as shown in Fig.
  • the oil pump valve 1 is closed, and the one-way control valve is 2 open, the main control valve 3 is closed, even if there is an unclosed door, it will not be pushed open, because opening the door will drive the piston 19 to move to the right in the cylinder 7, although the one-way control valve at this time 2 is in the open state, the piston 19 can not push the liquid from the right to the left through the one-way valve 4 connected in series on its pipeline, forcibly pushing only the pressure switch 13 is under pressure and turning on the buzzer power supply to beep sound.
  • the piston 19 cannot move to the right, so the door cannot be pushed open, unless the door is opened actively, and the action of pulling the open or external wrench in the door is opened, and the circuit of the opener is opened while the lock block is opened, so that the main control valve 3 is opened.
  • the left and right sides of the cylinder 7 are connected, and the piston 19 can be moved to the right in the cylinder 7, and the door can be opened, and the liquid on the right side of the piston 19 is pushed to the left through the main control valve 3.
  • the wrench can be opened or opened outside the door.
  • the piston 19 in the cylinder 7 can move to the left, and the liquid on the left passes through the one-way valve. 4 push to the right.
  • the purpose of this design is: when the ignition switch is turned on to the end of the driving process, there is one more one-way function protection to ensure the safety of people and articles on the vehicle, especially the children who like to enjoy the view from the window on the door.
  • the shutter can be used to understand the operation of the switch.
  • the indicator light is set in the middle of the control switch, and its line is connected in parallel with the line of the corresponding electric oil pump 15. If the door is automatically locked during the driving process, the indicator light will be off for a while, indicating that the door that has not been closed is now closed; use the remote control or central control and use the key to lock the door, if you do not see the indicator light, then Note that the door has been closed before; if you see the indicator light is off for a while, it is that the door has not been closed, it is now closed...
  • the setting of the indicator light is convenient for the driver to understand the operation of the switch according to the light.
  • the circuit of the switch is also disconnected, and the main control valve 3 is in an open state, connecting the left and right sides of the cylinder 7, and the piston 19 is under the action of an external force. It can move left and right in the cylinder 7.
  • the auxiliary driving door may not be equipped with a child safety lock, and the circuit thereof shall be modified accordingly.
  • the function of the switch can also be changed by changing the circuit. For example, when the vehicle arrives at the destination, the door lock button is still in the locked state, and the lock button corresponding to the control door can be unlocked when the door is opened in the electric mode, so that the door can be manually closed after the door is closed. Outside the car, people can also open the door manually. Similarly, when the door is closed with the control switch, the lock button of the corresponding control door is automatically locked.
  • S2 force mode and electric mode switch
  • S1 changed to similar S2 multi-contact, used to open the circuit and close
  • the child safety lock is also provided with a light-emitting diode as an indicator light in the position of the control switch (forced), and is set to emit light when the child safety lock is opened, so that the driver knows that the child safety lock is in an open or closed state.
  • a light-emitting diode as an indicator light in the position of the control switch (forced)
  • it will automatically stop until the door is closed.
  • the advantage of this setting is that the forced mode circuit can be disconnected and the electric mode circuit can be stopped when the control switch is released during operation. .
  • the child safety lock is still open, it can be operated manually when the door is not closed and stops.
  • the control switch is pressed (stopped), the child safety lock is turned off, and the opening and closing can be manually controlled.
  • the shutter can also be set to manually open the door to a certain angle, for example, when the angle between the door opening and the vehicle body reaches 10 degrees, or when the electric mode door is stopped, the main control valve 3 is opened.
  • the main control valve 3 is closed when the angle between the door and the vehicle body is less than 10 degrees or when the door is to be electrically opened and closed.
  • the line of the device is also changed in parallel with the line of the electric oil pump 15. It is also possible to set the safety circuit control delay (for example, delay of 10 seconds) to control the automatic unlocking of the door lock button and the child safety lock to be closed in case of a collision accident in which the safety air is opened, in order to facilitate escape and rescue.
  • the safety circuit control delay for example, delay of 10 seconds

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Abstract

一种车门启闭器，由执行油缸、油路驱动机构和控制机构组成，执行油缸包括带有底板（10）的外壳（6），与外壳（6）相连的缸体（7）和穿过缸体（7）端部带有连接孔（9）的活塞杆（8），活塞（19）固定在活塞杆（8）上，将充满液体的缸体（7）分隔成左右两部分，缸体（7）的左管道接口（11）通过管道（5）分成三路和缸体（7）的右管道接口（12）连接，分别是，用于油路驱动的电动油泵（15）所在的管道，其管道上还串接着油泵阀门（1）、两个压力开关（13，14），作为控制油路的主控阀门（3）所在的管道，以及设有单向控制阀门（2）的管道，执行油缸借助活塞杆（8）端部的连接孔（9）和外壳（6）上的底板（10）分别固定在车身（18）和车门（16）上。通过操控开关控制电动油泵，使活塞在缸体内移动，从而带动车门的关闭或开启，提高了行车的安全性。

Description

智能车门启闭器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种轿车门的装置，尤其是一种能电动操控，并可确保车辆行驶中或驾驶员泊车离开车辆时能锁上车门的智能车门启闭器，在以下说明中简称启闭器。
背景技术
目前的轿车普遍采用外开式车门，驾驶员在驾驶座上能自如控制开启和关闭的只有方向盘旁边的门。当车上乘员离开车辆时没关门或没关好门，以及独自驾驶中发现有其它车门没关好，此时驾驶员想将其关好确实不便。车辆行驶中车门没关好是个很大的安全隐患，突然打开的车门容易造成严重后果。虽然轿车门没关到位仪表板信息显示屏有提示，但在显示的众多信息中并不显眼，况且驾驶员在驾驶车辆尤其是起步时要关注的方面很多，难免有时没发觉。由于驾驶员在行车中无法密切关注后排车门，出于安全的考虑，轿车后排车门通常都有设置儿童安全锁，否则，有的乘员在行车中打开车门或要下车时没等车停稳也没观察周边的状况就急着开门跳下车……这对于车内人员和邻近的车辆、行人都是很危险的事情。若是开启了儿童安全锁，后排乘员就无法自己从车内开门，驾驶员停车后还要去从车外为后排乘员打开车门。因为这烦琐的操作以致很多车辆的儿童安全锁都形同虚设。驾驶员泊车要离开车辆时，用遥控或钥匙闭锁后通常要绕车巡视一圈，防止个别车门没关好而空锁车门以致丢失财物。
相对于车上乘员对车外存在很大的盲区，驾驶座所处的位置便于观察车辆四周的状况。装上启闭器的车门既可手动又可电动控制，驾驶员在驾驶座就可轻松操控，还可电动控制开启和关闭儿童安全锁，避免车上乘员在不适宜的时机打开车门。启闭器电动关门也比手动关门更为平稳顺畅，关门声也更为圆润柔和。用遥控、中控或钥匙闭锁没关上的门也会自动关闭，行车中没关好的车门甚至在驾驶员还没发觉就已自动关上。启闭器的强制模式和单向功能更加提高了行车的安全性，驾驶员也就能更为专注地开车。
发明内容
1：可用电动操控的方式来开、关门，并且能够自如地在电动模式与手动模式之间转换。
2：车辆行驶中没关好的门会自动关闭。
3：能通过遥控来关门。
4：用中控也可自动关门。
5：用钥匙从车门闭锁也能使没关好的门关上。
6：有强制关门的功能。
7：有单向的安全功能。
8：能通过特别设置的指示灯了解启闭器运行情况。
9：在没有电源的情况下仍可用手动的方式来开门和关门。
附图说明
图1是启闭器原理图，为简化起见略去了例如密封圈和注液口等其它部件。
图2是图1中与缸体7左管道接口11和右管道接口12连接的部分，图中所画的阀门开口与所在的管道平行表示开启，阀门开口与所在的管道垂直表示关闭。
图3是图1中启闭器主体外观简图，缸体7的左管道接口11和右管道接口12用以和图2所示的管道5连接。
图4是启闭器应用示意图，左边为开门状态，右边为关门状态。图2所示没有画出，可视为隐藏在启闭器主体的下方或设在某个合适的位置，通过管道5与缸体7的左管道接口11和右管道接口12连接。
图5是操控开关外观图。
图6只是一个启闭器电路示意图，与继电器KA1线圈连接的各条解锁线路和与继电器KA2线圈连接的各条闭锁线路，以及延时继电器KT属于全部启闭器共用，图中省略了熔断器、热敏断电器等器件，为了简化电路，所画的主控阀门3控制器、油泵阀门1控制器以及儿童安全锁控制器和锁块控制器，都是类似电磁阀线圈和继电器触点的结合体，是利用线圈通电产生磁性使线圈内的铁芯移动来控制，同时带动其触点的闭合或开启，除了儿童安全锁 控制器画为双线圈，其余控制器只画出单线圈，可视为其线圈电源断开后靠弹簧复位。实际运用中可参照在普遍使用的车门中用微电机控制锁钮的方法，相当于加大了动力臂，效果更好。
图中：1.油泵阀门、2.单向控制阀门、3.主控阀门、4.单向阀门、5.管道、6.外壳、7.缸体、8.活塞杆、9.连接孔、10.底板、11.左管道接口、12.右管道接口、13.压力开关、14.压力开关、15.电动油泵、16.车门、17.启闭器主体、18.车身、19.活塞。
方向盘旁边的门处在驾驶员易于控制的范围可不装启闭器，其余车门装的启闭器应避免与周边部件干涉，各车门的启闭器分别由相对应的、四边可按下的面板按钮开关来控制，此面板按钮开关称为操控开关，如图5所示，设置在驾驶员方便操作的位置。操控开关的正中有个指示灯，其线路与对应的电动油泵15的线路并联，操控开关四边标注的是：(开门)、(关门)、(停止)、(强制)，分别对应控制的是：S3(电动开门开关)、S4(电动关门开关)、S1(停止开关)、S2(强制模式和电动模式转换开关)，其中S3、S4、S1为不自锁按钮，按下操控开关所标注对应控制的部位放开后自动返回，S2为自锁按钮，在图6中，S1(停止开关)和S2(强制模式和电动模式转换开关)之间的杠杆表示：需按下操控开关(停止)，也就是按下S1，自锁的S2才能由强制模式电路返回到电动模式电路。
涉及电气电路的可参阅图6启闭器电路示意图。
S2除了起到强制模式电路和电动模式电路转换的作用，还可控制开启和关闭儿童安全锁。S1常闭触点输入端有条并联的线路，连接到继电器KA3和继电器KA4常开触点输入端，为儿童安全锁控制器提供电源，同时与电阻R1和电阻R2连接，通过S2分别可为电容C1和电容C2充电。当车辆开启点火开关接通车上用电器和启闭器的电源，S2连接于电动模式电路时，电容C1处于充电状态。当按下操控开关(强制)，S2在接通强制模式电路的同时，电容C1放电接通继电器KA3的线圈，继电器KA3常开触点的闭合又导通了儿童安全锁控制器开启儿童安全锁的电路，在开启儿童安全锁的同时也闭合其控制器的触点。此时电容C2 处于充电状态。当按下操控开关(停止)，自锁的S2在断开强制模式电路接通电动模式电路的同时，电容C2放电接通继电器KA4的线圈，其常开触点的闭合导通了儿童安全锁控制器关闭儿童安全锁的电路，在关闭儿童安全锁的同时也开启其控制器的触点。此时电容C1又处于充电状态。
电动开门开关S3和电动关门开关S4采用互锁线路连接；关门接触器KM1和开门接触器KM2采用的也是互锁线路连接。
继电器KA2常开触点的输入端与车门扳手控制开关常闭触点的输出端，以及延时继电器KT的输出端通往主控阀门3控制器线圈的线路连接，其常开触点输出端与电动关门开关S4通往关门接触器KM1的线路连接。电动开门开关S3通往开门接触器KM2的线路通过其常闭触点。继电器KA2的线圈与车速传感器、遥控、中控及车门锁的闭锁线路连接，在接通闭锁线路的同时，继电器KA2的线圈也接通电源，其常开触点闭合、常闭触点开启，断开电动开门开关S3从其常闭触点通往开门接触器KM2线圈的线路，继电器KA2常开触点的闭合则接通了关门接触器KM1线圈的电源，导通了电动关门的电路。在这同一时刻即使按下操控开关(开门)，电动开门开关S3也无法接通开门接触器KM2，避免因同时接通关门接触器KM1和开门接触器KM2而短路。
继电器KA1的线圈与遥控、中控及车门锁的解锁线路连接，在接通解锁线路的同时其线圈也接通电源，断开经过其常闭触点的电路。
二极管V1和V2的作用是：在S2接通强制模式电路时，通往主控阀门3控制器的电流不会传到电动模式电路；S2断开强制模式电路接通电动模式电路时，通往主控阀门3控制器的电流也不会传到强制模式电路。
二极管V3和V4的作用是：在S2接通强制模式电路时，通往压力开关13和压力开关14常开触点输入端的电流不会传到电动模式电路；S2断开强制模式电路接通电动模式电路时，通往压力开关13和压力开关14常开触点输入端的电流也不会传到强制模式电路。
装置于启闭器油路管道中的压力开关13和压力开关14，它们的常开触点输入端并联后通过二极管V3与继电器KA1的常闭触点输出端连接，也通过二极管V4与强制模式电路S2的输出端连接。压力开关13和压力开关14常开触点的输出端也在并联后与蜂鸣器H连接。压力开关13常闭触点的线路和关门限位行程开关1常闭触点的线路串接在关门接触器KM1线圈的回路上。压力开关14常闭触点的线路和开门限位行程开关常闭触点的线路串接在开门接触器KM2线圈的回路上。当车速传感器接通闭锁线路、或者按下中控闭锁键、或是用遥控或钥匙从车门闭锁来关门，以及启闭器在电动模式开、关门运行时，若是遇到障碍物或所受的阻力达到以及超过设定，油路管道中的液体会推动压力开关13或压力开关14内的传动杆，使其常闭触点开启而常开触点闭合，导致关门接触器KM1或开门接触器KM2线圈断电而断开通过其触点的电路停止运行，压力开关13或压力开关14常开触点的闭合则导通蜂鸣器H的电源，发出蜂鸣声提醒驾驶员。在阻力消除，压力开关13或压力开关14触点复位后又断开蜂鸣器H的电源，蜂鸣声也就停止。在强制模式运行时，因为通往电动油泵15的电路不受压力开关13和压力开关14控制，所以即使受到压力也只是发出蜂鸣声并不起停止作用，直到关门过程结束。
设置二极管V5，延时继电器KT就不会受到中控闭锁的线路和车速传感器闭锁的线路控制。
延时继电器KT设置为：在点火开关开启时并不接通，只有在关闭点火开关后才接通电源处于待机状态，其控制线路与遥控接收器闭锁的线路和车门锁内闭锁的线路连接。
拉动车门内开或外开扳手，在打开锁块的同时会触动车门扳手控制开关，使其常闭触点开启，断开经过其触点的电路。
启闭器由执行油缸、油路驱动机构和控制机构组成，所述的执行油缸包括缸体7和与之相连的带有底板10的外壳6，以及端部带有连接孔9的活塞杆8，如图1所示，活塞19固定在穿过缸体7的活塞杆8上，将充满液体的缸体7分隔成左右两部分。缸体7左管道接口11 通过管道5分成三路和缸体7的右管道接口12连接,分别是：用于油路驱动的电动油泵15所在的管道，其管道上还串接着油泵阀门1、压力开关13和压力开关14，另外还有作为控制油路的主控阀门3所在的管道，以及设有单向控制阀门2和单向阀门4的管道。执行油缸借助外壳6可稍微转动的底板10和活塞杆8端头的连接孔9，分别固定在车门16和车身18上，如图4所示，活塞19在缸体7中向左或向右移动就会带动车门16的关闭或开启。
外壳6的空腔内可装置车门开度限位器中的限位盒部件，配合尾部有限位臂形状的活塞杆8，以及开门时活塞19在缸体7中所能达到的最大行程，限制车门打开的程度，代替车门开度限位器使用。
油泵阀门1的作用是：在电动模式或强制模式运行时开启，以便液体通过；当电动模式或强制模式运行停止时关闭，阻止液体通过。
单向控制阀门2与油泵阀门1联动，受油泵阀门1控制器操控，它的开启及关闭与油泵阀门1相反，是在电动模式或强制模式运行时关闭，阻止液体通过单向阀门4；当电动模式或强制模式运行停止时开启，液体可单向通过，以便于手动关门。
油泵阀门1控制器和单向控制阀门2以及油泵阀门1，可视为一个两位四通的电磁阀与继电器触点的结合体，电磁阀线圈接通电源时，油泵阀门1开启，单向控制阀门2关闭，并带动其触点闭合；线圈断开电源后，油泵阀门1关闭，单向控制阀门2开启，其触点恢复开启状态。
主控阀门3由主控阀门3控制器操控，其控制器的线圈通过二极管V1与强制模式电路连接于S2的输出端，也通过二极管V2与电动模式电路中的车门扳手控制开关常闭触点的输出端，以及延时继电器KT的输出端连接，当线圈断开电源时主控阀门3处于开启状态，打开连接缸体7左右两边的通道，当线圈接通了电源，主控阀门3受到控制而关闭。
主控阀门3连同主控阀门3控制器可视为一个串接在油路管道上的常开电磁阀。
锁块控制器在电动模式开门时接通电源，驱动车门内开和外开扳手共同控制的锁块拨杆， 使锁块处于开启状态(在儿童安全锁开启及锁钮闭锁的状态下锁块控制器也同样能驱动开启锁块)并带动其触点闭合，以接通经过其触点的电路；停止运行时其触点又恢复开启状态。
儿童安全锁控制器也是通过驱动拨杆的方法来开启或关闭儿童安全锁，并带动其触点闭合或开启。
具体实施方式
为增强对本发明的理解，以其中一个装有启闭器的车门及所对应的操控开关为例，结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
1：可用电动操控的方式来开、关门，并且能够自如地在电动模式与手动模式之间转换。
当车辆开启点火开关，S2连接于电动模式电路，不进行其它操作的状况下，启闭器的电源来自并联的车上用电器电路，其中一路用于控制儿童安全锁，另一路通过停止开关S1的常闭触点、S2的电动模式电路和车门扳手控制开关的常闭触点后分成两路：一路与继电器KA2的常开触点输入端连接，以及通过二极管V2与主控阀门3控制器的线圈连接；一路通过继电器KA1的常闭触点后又分三路：一路连接到互锁的电动开门开关S3和电动关门开关S4的常闭触点输入端；一路连接到关门接触器KM1和开门接触器KM2常开触点的输入端和常闭的辅助触点输入端；还有一路通过二极管V3与压力开关13和压力开关14的常开触点输入端连接。各阀门的状态如图2所示：油泵阀门1关闭、单向控制阀门2开启、主控阀门3关闭。这就是手动模式状态，处于此状态时若是拉动车门内开或外开扳手，在打开锁块的同时会触动车门扳手控制开关而开启常闭触点，主控阀门3在其控制器线圈断开电源后就会开启，打开连接缸体7左右两边的通道，缸体7中的活塞19在外力作用下就能左右移动，推动液体通过主控阀门3向左或向右流动，也就能手动开、关门了。放开车门扳手时，主控阀门3因其控制器线圈又接通电源而关闭。此时处于开启状态的单向控制阀门2所在的管道因为串接有单向阀门4，活塞19即使在外力作用下也无法把右边的液体通过单向阀门4推到左边，强行推动只会使管道中的压力开关13受到压力而接通蜂鸣器的电路发出蜂鸣声。此状态下活塞19虽然无法向右移动，却可向左移动，推动左边的液体克服弹簧作用力，推开单向阀芯向 单向阀门4的右边通过，所以此状态下用外力只能关门而无法开门。
在手动模式的状态下按下操控开关(开门)，当S3的常开触点闭合的瞬间，电流通过继电器KA2的常闭触点，经过压力开关14的常闭触点和开门限位行程开关的常闭触点，接通开门接触器KM2的线圈，使它常开触点闭合。此时运行的是电动模式开门，运行的电路主要经过：S1的常闭触点、S2的电动模式电路、车门扳手控制开关的常闭触点、继电器KA1的常闭触点，再经过开门接触器KM2闭合的常开触点时就接通锁块控制器，打开锁块的同时其控制器闭合的触点又继续接通油泵阀门1控制器，在开启油泵阀门1的同一时刻关闭了与其联动的单向控制阀门2以及闭合了其控制器的触点，最后接通的是电动油泵15和并联的指示灯。缸体7内的液体在电动油泵15的驱动下推动活塞19向右移动，把右边的液体通过油泵阀门1推到左边并带动车门16开启。在此运行状态时，各阀门如图1所示：主控阀门3关闭、油泵阀门1开启、单向控制阀门2关闭。
若是在手动模式的状态下按下操控开关(关门)，在S4的常开触点闭合的瞬间，电流经过压力开关13的常闭触点和关门限位行程开关1的常闭触点，接通关门接触器KM1的线圈，使它常开触点闭合。此时运行的是电动模式关门，运行的电路主要经过：S1的常闭触点、S2的电动模式电路、车门扳手控制开关的常闭触点、继电器KA1的常闭触点，再经过关门接触器KM1闭合的常开触点时就接通油泵阀门1控制器，在开启油泵阀门1的同时关闭了与其联动的单向控制阀门2以及闭合了其控制器的触点，最后接通的是电动油泵15和并联的指示灯。缸体7内的液体在电动油泵15的驱动下推动活塞19向左移动，把左边的液体通过油泵阀门1推到右边并带动车门16关闭。
电动模式开门和电动模式关门时，各阀门开启和关闭的状态都相同，主要不同点是：电动油泵15接线柱的正、负极不同，旋转的方向相反；电动模式开门时，锁块受其控制器驱动处于开启状态。
在电动模式开门运行时按下操控开关(关门)，由于关门接触器KM1和开门接触器KM2 互锁，在接通关门接触器KM1线圈电源的同时就断开了开门接触器KM2线圈的电源，使其闭合的常开触点恢复开启状态而切断开门的电路，而关门接触器KM1常开触点的闭合改变了运行的电路，变成电动模式关门。同样，电动模式关门运行时也可按下操控开关(开门)，变成电动模式开门。在电动模式运行中按下操控开关(停止)，或用遥控解锁、中控解锁或用钥匙从车门解锁都可断开电路停止运行，同时开门接触器KM2或关门接触器KM1的触点恢复开启状态。电动开门或关门到位时，触动开门限位行程开关或关门限位行程开关1，使其常闭触点开启，切断开门接触器KM2或关门接触器KM1线圈的电源，也可断开通过其触点的电路而自动停止。在电动模式运行中若是遇到障碍物，当所受的阻力达到以及超过设定时，压力开关13或压力开关14会断开关门接触器KM1或开门接触器KM2线圈的电源而接通蜂鸣器的电源，导致启闭器运行的电路断开而停止运行，同时发出蜂鸣声。在电动模式运行中拉动车门内开或外开扳手，在打开锁块的同时开启车门扳手控制开关的常闭触点断开电路，在停止运行的同一时刻开启了主控阀门3，就可手动开、关门了。
在车辆关闭点火开关后就断开了车上用电器和启闭器的电源，操控开关也就不起作用，要开、关门可用手动的方式。这样的电路设置是防止有人频繁的电动开、关门，使蓄电池过度放电。
2:车辆行驶中没关好的门会自动关闭。
车辆行驶达到一定速度(通常为每小时10至20千米)，车速传感器在接通闭锁线路的同时也接通继电器KA2的线圈，随着关门电路的导通，没关好的门就会自动关上。
车辆行驶中没关好的门会自动关闭，以及用遥控、中控或钥匙从车门闭锁或是解锁时能控制车门，原理就是启闭器可控制关门的继电器KA2线圈的线路与闭锁线路连接；可断开启闭器运行电路的继电器KA1线圈的线路与解锁线路连接。可参照：“能通过遥控来关门”的详细介绍。
3：能通过遥控来关门。
启闭器可控制关门的继电器KA2线圈的线路和延时继电器KT的控制线路与遥控接收器闭锁的线路连接；可断开启闭器运行电路的继电器KA1线圈的线路与遥控接收器解锁的线路连接。在点火开关开启、S2处于电动模式电路的状况下用遥控闭锁，在接通闭锁线路和延时继电器KT控制线路的同时也接通继电器KA2的线圈，由于延时继电器KT此时不起作用，所以启闭器的电源来自并联的车上用电器电路，继电器KA2线圈的接通使其常开触点闭合，电流通过其闭合的常开触点，经过压力开关13的常闭触点和关门限位行程开关1的常闭触点，接通关门接触器KM1的线圈，随着关门接触器KM1常开触点的闭合又接通油泵阀门1控制器，开启油泵阀门1的同时关闭了与其联动的单向控制阀门2以及闭合了其控制器的触点，最后接通的是电动油泵15和并联的指示灯。缸体7内的液体在电动油泵15的驱动下推动活塞19向左移动，把左边的液体通过油泵阀门1推到右边并带动车门16关闭。关门过程中要使之停止可按遥控器解锁键，解锁的同时也接通继电器KA1的线圈，其常闭触点开启断开启闭器的电路，门也就停止动作，关门接触器KM1也因线圈断电，触点又恢复开启状态。也可按下操控开关(停止)，使S1常闭触点开启，或者拉动车门内开或外开扳手，使车门扳手控制开关的常闭触点开启，以及按下中控解锁键或用钥匙从车门解锁，都可断开电路使之停止。
用遥控闭锁来关门时，若是遇到障碍物，当所受的阻力达到以及超过设定，压力开关13会切断关门接触器KM1线圈的电源，在断开电路停止运行的同时接通蜂鸣器H的电源，发出蜂鸣声。否则，门将在关到位时触动关门限位行程开关1，切断关门接触器KM1线圈的电源而自动停止。
在关闭点火开关后就断开车上用电器和启闭器的电源，接通了延时继电器KT的电源，处于待机状态。当要离开车辆时用遥控闭锁，在接通闭锁线路和延时继电器KT控制线路的同时也接通继电器KA2的线圈，与点火开关开启时不同的是：此时的电源来自延时继电器，直接与继电器K1的常闭触点输入端连接，导通关门的电路并延时断电。因为电路不同，所以此时拉动车门内开或外开扳手既无法停止运行也无法开启主控阀门3，这样的电路设置是防 止锁门时车外有人拉动车门扳手蓄意阻碍关门，若是有人强力阻止关门或是遇到障碍物而使车门受到的阻力达到以及超过设定时，压力开关13会切断关门接触器KM1线圈的电源，启闭器虽然会因为电路断开而停止运行，但也会发出蜂鸣声提醒驾驶员。为了防止离开车辆后误按遥控器而开启车门，因此只设置遥控关门而不设置遥控开门。
有些车型遥控接收器设置为：在点火开关开启的状态下遥控不起作用。若是要在点火开关开启时也能起遥控作用，就要改变其接收器的电路。
4：用中控也可自动关门。
启闭器可控制关门的继电器KA2线圈的线路与中控闭锁的线路连接；可断开启闭器运行电路的继电器KA1线圈的线路与中控解锁的线路连接。按下中控闭锁键时可关门以及按下中控解锁键时停止，也是在车门锁钮闭锁或解锁的同时接通或断开启闭器关门的电路，但是因为中控解锁和闭锁是全部车门同时进行，而要开哪扇门需看具体情况，所以只设置中控关门而不设置中控开门。为了防止蓄电池过度放电，在车辆关闭点火开关后就断开了车上用电器和启闭器的电源。因为二极管V5的作用，中控闭锁的线路无法控制延时继电器KT，所以按下中控闭锁键时也就无法自动关门。这时，中控闭锁键和中控解锁键只能起到闭锁和解锁的作用，要开、关门可用手动的方式来进行。
5：用钥匙从车门闭锁也能使没关好的门关上。
启闭器可控制关门的继电器KA2线圈的线路和延时继电器KT的控制线路与车门钥匙锁内部闭锁的线路连接；可断开启闭器运行电路的继电器KA1线圈的线路与车门钥匙锁内部解锁的线路连接。因此无论点火开关处于开启或关闭状态，用钥匙从车门闭锁或解锁都能控制车门。
6：有强制关门的功能。
启闭器的强制模式只设置强制关门。在强制模式电路S2的输出端与儿童安全锁控制器常开触点输入端之间，有一线路通过二极管V1与主控阀门3控制器的线圈连接。另一线路通 过二极管V4与压力开关13和压力开关14的常开触点输入端连接。在点火开关开启的状况下按下操控开关(强制)，自锁的S2连接至强制模式电路的同时，电容C1放电接通继电器KA3的线圈，其常开触点闭合又导通儿童安全锁控制器开启儿童安全锁的电路，在开启儿童安全锁的同时，其控制器的触点闭合又接通油泵阀门1控制器的电路，开启油泵阀门1时，关闭了与其联动的单向控制阀门2以及闭合了其控制器的触点，最后接通了电动油泵15和并联的指示灯。缸体7内的液体在电动油泵15的驱动下推动活塞19向左移动，把左边的液体通过油泵阀门1推到右边并带动车门16的关闭。强制模式运行时各阀门开启和关闭的状态和电动模式运行时的状态相同电路却不同，按下操控开关(强制)，自锁的S2在接通强制模式电路的同时就断开电动模式电路，此时，即使按下操控开关(开门)或(关门)，也无法控制开门接触器KM2或关门接触器KM1，拉动车门内开或外开扳手，既无法开启主控阀门3也无法切断电路使之停止，压力开关13和压力开关14也无法控制其运行的电路，遇到一些阻力也只是发出蜂鸣声以提醒驾驶员，并不停止运行。若是在强制模式运行中不按下(停止)，在关门到位时会触动关门限位行程开关2，其常闭触点开启断开运行的电路而自动停止，儿童安全锁依然处于开启状态。若是在强制模式运行中按下操控开关(停止)，S1常闭触点开启，断开了电路停止运行，自锁的S2在断开强制模式电路返回电动模式电路的同时，电容C2放电接通继电器KA4的线圈，其常开触点的闭合又导通儿童安全锁控制器关闭儿童安全锁的电路，在关闭儿童安全锁的同时，其控制器触点又处于开启状态。设置强制模式是防止有人阻碍关门，以及车辆处于不平的路面，关门阻力过大用电动模式无法关门的场合，还可防止车内乘员在不适宜的时机打开车门而引发危险。驾驶员也可用电动模式关门后再按下(强制)启动强制模式。只有按下(停止)退出强制模式，乘员才可从车内手动开门，也可由驾驶员用电动操控的方式来开、关门。
7：有单向的安全功能。
单向控制阀门2所在的油路管道中串接有单向阀门4，如图2所示，液体无法从单向阀 门4的右边向左边通过，却可从左边推动单向阀芯克服弹簧作用力向右边通过。当车辆开启点火开关接通车上用电器和启闭器的电源，S2连接于电动模式电路，不进行操作的状况下，各阀门状态如图2所示：油泵阀门1关闭、单向控制阀门2开启、主控阀门3关闭，此状态下即使有没关好的车门也不会被推开，因为要开门就会带动活塞19在缸体7中向右移动，虽然此时单向控制阀门2处于开启状态，活塞19却无法推动液体从右向左的通过串接在其管道上的单向阀门4，强行推动只会使压力开关13受到压力而接通蜂鸣器的电源发出蜂鸣声。活塞19无法向右移动，所以车门无法推开，除非主动开门，有拉动车门内开或外开扳手的动作，在打开锁块的同时断开启闭器的电路，使主控阀门3开启而连通缸体7的左右两边，活塞19在缸体7中才能向右移动，车门才能开启，把活塞19右边的液体通过主控阀门3推到左边。关门可以不拉车门内开或外开扳手，因为主控阀门3关闭的状态下用手推门使之关闭时，缸体7中的活塞19能向左边移动，把左边的液体通过单向阀门4推到右边。此设计目的：在点火开关开启至行车过程结束，有多一重单向功能保护，保障车上人员和物品的安全，尤其是喜欢靠在车门上欣赏窗外景观的幼儿。
8：能通过特别设置的指示灯了解启闭器运行情况。
设置在操控开关正中的指示灯，其线路与对应的电动油泵15的线路并联。若是在行车过程中随着车门的自动闭锁，指示灯亮一会儿就熄灭，说明之前有没关好的门现已关闭；用遥控或中控以及用钥匙从车门闭锁，如果没看到指示灯亮，就说明之前门已关到位；如果看到指示灯亮一会儿就熄灭，那就是刚才车门没关好，现在已经关上……指示灯的设置便于驾驶员根据灯光来了解启闭器运行情况。
9：在没有电源的情况下仍可用手动的方式来开门和关门。
在车辆关闭点火开关，断开车上用电器的电路后，启闭器的电路也断开，主控阀门3就处于开启状态，连通了缸体7的左右两边，活塞19在外力作用下就能在缸体7中左右移动。将主控阀门3设置为在其控制器接通电源时处于关闭状态，断开电源时处于开启状态的主要 目的是：即使车辆蓄电池被拆下，失去电源无法电动运行时，还可用手动的方式来开、关门，不至于被关在车内而无法开门。
副驾车门根据通常的使用习惯可不设置儿童安全锁，其电路也要相应改动。通过改变电路还可改变启闭器的功能，例如：通常车辆到达目的地，车门锁钮都还处于闭锁状态，可设置在电动模式开门时所对应控制车门的锁钮解锁，以便于手动关门后车外人员还可手动开门。同样，也可设置用操控开关关门时，所对应控制车门的锁钮自动闭锁。S2(强制模式和电动模式转换开关)也可改为不自锁按钮，用于控制开启儿童安全锁以及强制模式和电动模式转换，S1改为类似S2多触点，用于断开电路和关闭儿童安全锁，同时在操控开关(强制)位置，增设发光二极管作为指示灯，设置为儿童安全锁开启时发出亮光，便于驾驶员知道儿童安全锁处于开启或关闭状态。虽然强制关门过程中需要一直按着操控开关(强制)，直到关门到位时自动停止，但这样设置的好处是运行过程中放开操控开关就可断开强制模式电路停止运行，返回到电动模式电路。虽然儿童安全锁依然处于开启状态，但门未关到位停止运行时还可手动操作。按下操控开关(停止)，就关闭了儿童安全锁，也可手动控制开启和关闭。启闭器还可设置为：手动开启车门达到一定角度，例如当车门开启与车身的夹角达到10度时，或电动模式开门停止时，主控阀门3就开启。手动关门时，当车门与车身的夹角小于10度或要电动开、关门时主控阀门3又关闭。这样，车门开启角度在10度以内时，既有单向安全功能的保护又方便手动操作，不用在手动开启车门的全程都拉着车门内开或外开扳手。若是不用单向功能，可不装油泵阀门1、单向控制阀门2和单向阀门4，以及不设单向控制阀门2和单向阀门4所在的管道，油泵阀门1控制器也就没有用处，线路也就不用与其线圈连接，原来通往其常开触点输入端的线路也改为与电动油泵15和并联的指示灯连接，二极管V1、V2及其连接线也可拆除，主控阀门3控制器的线路也改为和电动油泵15的线路并联。也可设置当发生安全气蘘打开的碰撞事故时，安全气蘘的控制电路延时(例如延时10秒)控制车门锁钮自动解锁、儿童安全锁关闭，以利逃生和救援。
随着轿车保有量的快速增长，智能与安全将会是越来越多车主的选择，也是汽车自动化与安全技术发展的方向。启闭器遵循以人为本的人性化设计理念，其用途并不局限于轿车门。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的修改以及等同替换，均应包括在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种智能车门启闭器，其特征是：由执行油缸、油路驱动机构和控制机构组成，所述的执行油缸包括带有底板(10)的外壳(6)，与外壳(6)相连的缸体(7)和穿过缸体(7)端部带有连接孔(9)的活塞杆(8)，活塞(19)固定在活塞杆(8)上，将充满液体的缸体(7)分隔成左右两部分，缸体(7)左管道接口(11)通过管道(5)分成三路和缸体(7)的右管道接口(12)连接,分别是，用于油路驱动的电动油泵(15)所在的管道，其管道上还串接着油泵阀门(1)、压力开关(13)和压力开关(14)，另外还有作为控制油路的主控阀门(3)所在的管道，以及设有单向控制阀门(2)的管道，执行油缸借助活塞杆(8)端部的连接孔(9)和外壳(6)上的底板(10)分别固定在车身(18)和车门(16)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：单向控制阀门(2)与油泵阀门(1)联动，它们开启和关闭的状态相反，与电动油泵(15)为同步控制。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：主控阀门(3)在其控制器接通电源时处于关闭状态，断开电源时处于开启状态。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：单向阀门(4)串接在设有单向控制阀门(2)的油路管道中。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：车速传感器闭锁的线路与启闭器可控制关门的线路连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：遥控接收器闭锁的线路与启闭器可控制关门的线路和延时继电器的控制线路连接，遥控接收器解锁的线路与可断开启闭器运行的控制线路连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：中控闭锁和解锁的线路分别与启闭器可控制关门的线路和可断开启闭器运行的控制线路连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：车门钥匙锁内部闭锁的线路与启闭器可控制关门的线路和延时继电器的控制线路连接，车门钥匙锁内部解锁的线路与可断开启闭器运行的控制线路连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：操控开关的控制电路中除了有电动模式电路和强制模式电路，还有儿童安全锁的控制电路。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的启闭器，其特征是：外壳(6)的空腔内装有限位盒的部件，活塞杆(8)有限位臂形状的部位处于其中。
    Figure PCTCN2015098885-appb-100001
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CN113359543A (zh) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-07 昆明中车轨道交通装备有限公司 一种城轨车辆客室车门试验控制装置
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