WO2016101773A1 - 一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液、有机无机复合防水涂层及其制备方法、防水卷材 - Google Patents

一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液、有机无机复合防水涂层及其制备方法、防水卷材 Download PDF

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WO2016101773A1
WO2016101773A1 PCT/CN2015/096120 CN2015096120W WO2016101773A1 WO 2016101773 A1 WO2016101773 A1 WO 2016101773A1 CN 2015096120 W CN2015096120 W CN 2015096120W WO 2016101773 A1 WO2016101773 A1 WO 2016101773A1
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parts
inorganic
organic
pressure
sensitive adhesive
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PCT/CN2015/096120
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English (en)
French (fr)
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熊玉钦
徐恩顺
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北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司
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Priority to AU2015371876A priority Critical patent/AU2015371876B2/en
Priority to SG11201705060TA priority patent/SG11201705060TA/en
Priority to EP15871842.9A priority patent/EP3239266B1/en
Priority to MYPI2017702246A priority patent/MY197661A/en
Priority to US15/539,069 priority patent/US10487215B2/en
Publication of WO2016101773A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016101773A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/043—Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/4501—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with preformed sheet-like elements
    • C04B41/4503—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with preformed sheet-like elements having an adhesive layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
    • C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
    • C09D5/022—Emulsions, e.g. oil in water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
    • C09D5/024—Emulsion paints including aerosols characterised by the additives
    • C09D5/025—Preservatives, e.g. antimicrobial agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/41—Organic pigments; Organic dyes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/47—Levelling agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2333/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09J123/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
    • C09J123/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
    • C09J123/22—Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber ; Homo- or copolymers of other iso-olefines

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of waterproof coil materials, and particularly relates to a polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion, an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, a preparation method thereof and a waterproof coiled material.
  • the polymer self-adhesive film waterproofing membrane (also called waterproof membrane) is a multi-layer composite waterproofing membrane, which is used for the post-casting concrete, that is, the structural concrete is fully viscous and waterproof.
  • a typical polymer self-adhesive film waterproofing membrane comprises a main waterproof layer (also referred to as a main waterproof sheet) and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. Among them, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can form a complete continuous bond with the post-cast concrete after it is cured.
  • the commercially available pressure-sensitive adhesive layer further comprises a peelable separator for preventing adhesion and separation of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer when the waterproof web is rolled up
  • the membrane must be removed before the next step of construction, thus causing some waste.
  • Another commercially available waterproofing membrane is a waterproof membrane with a particle coating, wherein the particles are usually silica, hydrated white cement particles, and the waterproof membrane has the disadvantage that it often drops particles in the application, which is easy to cause The concrete is not firmly bonded, resulting in water-repellent layer water-repellent and waterproof failure.
  • a prior art Chinese patent CN01814107.2 discloses a particle coating bonding system for casting a hydratable cement composition and a manufacturing method thereof, the coated article having at least one body for carrying a surface of the particle, the surface comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive or elastomer, and the particles are inorganic particles reactive with a hydroxide solution formed by a hydration reaction of concrete or mortar, or the particles comprise a coagulant effective to increase the rate of hydration reaction,
  • the inorganic particles include (a) alumina trihydrate; (b) silica; (c) fly ash; (d) blast furnace slag; (e) fumed silica; (f) alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrite , nitrates, halides, sulfates, hydroxides, carboxylates, a silicate, or an aluminate, or a mixture thereof.
  • Chinese patent CN201080063366.3 discloses a waterproof membrane which is adhered to and joined with concrete.
  • the waterproofing membrane comprises a flexible carrier sheet, a pressure sensitive adhesive, and reflective particles on the surface of the adhesive.
  • the average diameter of the reflective particles should be equal to or greater than the thickness of the pressure sensitive adhesive.
  • the reflective particles are preferably ground white cement or ground hydrated white cement.
  • the waterproofing membrane does not have a removable release layer that is typically used to prevent the adhesive portion of the waterproofing membrane from sticking to the carrier sheet or other portions of the film when the film is rolled up.
  • the waterproof membrane is easy to lose particles in the application, and the concrete is not firmly bonded to the concrete soil, which is liable to cause water leakage problem of the waterproof layer.
  • the invention aims at the problem that the existing waterproof membrane is easy to lose particles in the application, and provides an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, a preparation method thereof and a waterproof coiled material.
  • the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 19-26 parts of water, 0.5-5 parts of a cosolvent, 0.1-0.5 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.1-0.5 parts of a wetting agent, and acrylic acid. 28-30 parts of emulsion, 0.1-1 part of film-forming auxiliary agent, 0.2-0.3 part of preservative, 0.5-0.6 part of silane coupling agent, 0.5-0.6 part of ultraviolet absorber, 40-45 parts of pigment, anti-mold agent 0.1- 0.5 parts, 0.1-0.2 parts of antifoaming agent, 0.1-0.8 parts of leveling agent.
  • the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight:
  • the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion further comprises one or more of a polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and a styrene butadiene rubber.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of the above polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion, comprising the following steps:
  • the invention also provides an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer composed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive sequentially formed on a substrate from bottom to top, an inorganic particle layer composed of inorganic particles, a polymer layer,
  • the polymer layer is formed by curing a polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion, and the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight:
  • the substrate comprises a main waterproof sheet.
  • the inorganic particles in the inorganic particle layer cover the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer
  • the cover ratio is 70-100%
  • the thickness of the polymer layer is 1-100 ⁇ m
  • the particle size of the inorganic particles is 500-700 ⁇ m.
  • the inorganic particles in the inorganic particle layer have a coverage of 85-95% for the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, the polymer layer has a thickness of 25-100 ⁇ m, and the inorganic particles have a particle diameter of 500 or 700. Micron.
  • the inorganic particles are selected from the group consisting of calcite, quartz, zeolite, vermiculite, bauxite, shale, feldspar, perlite, silicate and aluminate.
  • the copolymer emulsion further comprises one or more of a polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and a styrene butadiene rubber.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive is selected from the group consisting of a butyl rubber based adhesive, a polyisobutylene based adhesive, a butyl based adhesive, an acrylic based adhesive, and a styrene-isoprene-styrene based adhesive.
  • a butyl rubber based adhesive a polyisobutylene based adhesive, a butyl based adhesive, an acrylic based adhesive, and a styrene-isoprene-styrene based adhesive.
  • a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene based adhesive a styrene-butadiene-styrene based adhesive
  • a styrene-butadiene rubber based adhesive a styrene-butadiene rubber based adhesive.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an average thickness ranging from 50 to 500 ⁇ m;
  • the inorganic particles have a particle diameter of 100-1000 micrometers, and the particle size distribution of the inorganic particles has a bimodal distribution, and the volume percentage accounts for 30-50% of the difference between the inorganic particle diameter and the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer within 25%. , the volume percentage accounts for 50-70% of the inorganic particle diameter is at least 25% larger than the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and the coverage of the inorganic particles to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 70-100%;
  • the polymer layer has a thickness of from 1 to 100 ⁇ m, and the polymer layer has a coverage of the inorganic particle layer of from 10 to 50%.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a thickness ranging from 150 to 350 ⁇ m;
  • the inorganic particles have a particle diameter of 200-700 ⁇ m; the coverage of the inorganic particles to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 85-95%;
  • the coverage of the polymer layer on the surface of the inorganic particles is 25-35%.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a thickness ranging from 200 to 325 ⁇ m.
  • the inorganic particles are selected from the group consisting of bauxite particles, and the two peaks of the particle size distribution of the bauxite particles are 250 micrometers and 480 micrometers, respectively;
  • the inorganic particles are selected from shale particles, and the two peaks of the particle size distribution of the shale particles are 320 microns and 650 microns, respectively.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, comprising the following steps:
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive is heated at 75-90 ° C to a viscosity of 25000-40000 cps, applied to the substrate to form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer;
  • the inorganic particles are sprinkled on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and then coated by a pressure roller, and the excess inorganic particles are removed by one or more methods of gravity, vacuum and brushing to form an inorganic particle layer;
  • the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion is coated on the surface of the inorganic particles and dried at a temperature of 60 to 80 ° C for 1-2 minutes to obtain a polymer layer; thus, the preparation of the organic-inorganic composite water-repellent coating layer is completed.
  • the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight:
  • the invention also provides a polymer self-adhesive film waterproofing membrane, comprising a substrate and the above-mentioned organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, wherein the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating comprises a bottom-to-surface sequential formation on a substrate a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer composed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive, an inorganic particle layer composed of inorganic particles, a polymer layer,
  • the polymer layer is formed by curing a polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion, and the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight:
  • the inorganic composite waterproof coating of the invention adopts a method of compounding organic and inorganic particles, wherein the organic coating (polymer layer) locks the inorganic particles, and prevents the inorganic particles from being granulated in a long-term application, and the partially exposed inorganic particles can also participate.
  • Cement hydration reaction Increasing the bonding strength with the post-cast concrete; at the same time, the hybridization of the polymer and the inorganic particles can significantly improve the environmental adaptability and weather resistance; in addition, the inorganic composite waterproof coating of the present invention does not require a barrier layer, and the anti-adhesive separator is omitted. Paper, reducing waste and environmental pollution at the construction site.
  • the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating of the invention is used for the polymer self-adhesive film waterproofing membrane, which can make the coil material properly exposed before pouring concrete, and provides a non-stick surface for the construction workers to walk.
  • the adhesive strength of the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating of the present invention can still reach 2.0 N/mm or more after being placed outdoors for 8 weeks.
  • Example 1 is a picture of a particle of a water-repellent coating of Example 1 which is not subjected to an organic coating;
  • Example 2 is a microscopic picture after the water-repellent coating of Example 1 is covered with organic matter.
  • the "acrylic emulsion" in the present invention means an emulsion formed by dispersing a polyacrylic substance in water, and a commercially available product can be used.
  • the coverage of the inorganic particles to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 70-100
  • the coverage of the inorganic particles to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 70-100
  • one layer of inorganic particles is uniformly spread on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, but when the amount of the inorganic particles is insufficient to completely cover the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer
  • the coverage of the polymer layer on the surface of the inorganic particles is 25-35
  • the polymer layer is formed on the inorganic particles, but since the particle size of the inorganic particles may be larger than the polymer layer, some inorganic particles may be exposed. Polymer layer.
  • This embodiment provides an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, and the preparation method is as follows:
  • the butyl rubber-based adhesive of TOP BEST-KJ FLEX model produced by Shanghai Kejian Chemical Co., Ltd. is warmed at 75 ° C to make the viscosity at 40,000 cps.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a thickness of 400 ⁇ m;
  • the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion is then uniformly coated on the surface of the inorganic particle layer by spraying, and dried in a drying apparatus at 60 ° C for 2 minutes, and the coating thickness is 0.05-0.1 mm.
  • the polymer layer was obtained; thus, the preparation of the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating was completed.
  • the inorganic composite waterproof coating of the present embodiment adopts a method of compounding organic and inorganic particles, wherein the organic coating (polymer layer) locks the inorganic particles, preventing the inorganic particles from being granulated in a long-term application, and grading the size of the inorganic particles. It has a bimodal distribution, which can effectively solve the problem of drowning in underground engineering. Inorganic particles can also participate in cement hydration reaction and increase the bonding strength with post-cast concrete. At the same time, the hybridization of polymer and inorganic particles can significantly improve the environment.
  • the inorganic composite waterproof coating of the present invention does not require a barrier layer, eliminating the release barrier film/paper, reducing waste and environmental pollution at the construction site.
  • the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating of the invention is used for the polymer self-adhesive film waterproofing membrane, which can make the coil material properly exposed before pouring concrete, and provides a non-stick surface for the construction workers to walk.
  • the adhesive strength of the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating of the present invention can still reach 2.0 N/mm or more after being placed outdoors for 8 weeks.
  • This embodiment provides an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, and the preparation method is as follows:
  • the temperature of the P073-9 type styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) based adhesive produced by Shanghai Shisheng Technology Co., Ltd. is heated at 90 ° C to make the viscosity at 25000 cps.
  • SEBS styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene
  • the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion is then uniformly coated on the surface of the inorganic particle layer by brush coating, and dried in a drying apparatus at 80 ° C for 1 minute, and the coating thickness is 0.025-0.1 mm. A polymer layer is obtained; thus, the preparation of the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating is completed.
  • the polyisobutylene-based adhesive temperature is heated at 80 ° C, so that the viscosity is 30,000 cps, applied to the main waterproof sheet to form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 500 microns;
  • the polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion is then uniformly coated on the surface of the inorganic particle layer by brush coating, and dried in a drying apparatus at 70 ° C for 2 minutes, and the coating thickness is 0.05. -0.1mm.
  • the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion, the polyvinyl acetate copolymer and the styrene-butadiene rubber are mixed, uniformly coated on the surface of the inorganic particles by brush coating, and dried in a drying apparatus at 70 ° C, and dried.
  • the time is 1 minute and the coating thickness is 0.05-0.1 mm, a polymer layer is obtained; thus, the preparation of the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating is completed.
  • Example 1 and Example 2 The organic-inorganic composite water-repellent coating layers of Example 1 and Example 2 were poured and concrete were poured, and the peel strength test was performed after being placed outdoors for 4 weeks and 8 weeks, respectively.
  • the water repellent coatings of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were prepared, wherein the water repellent coating of Comparative Example 1 was prepared in a similar manner to Example 1, except that the water repellent coating of Comparative Example 1 was not coated with a polymer.
  • the preparation method of the water-repellent coating of Comparative Example 2 was similar to that of Example 2 except that the water-repellent coating of Comparative Example 2 was not coated with a polymer layer.
  • the organic-inorganic composite water-repellent coating layers of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were subjected to concrete post-casting as described above, and then subjected to peel strength test.
  • the waterproof coating after the composite of the shale particle layer and the polymer layer and the waterproof coating after the composite of the perlite particle layer and the polymer layer can still have a peeling strength of 2.0N after being placed outdoors for 8 weeks. Above /mm, it can be seen that the hybridization of the polymer layer and the inorganic particles significantly improves the environmental adaptability and weather resistance of the organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating.
  • Example 1 The properties of the organic-inorganic composite water-repellent coating layer coated by the method of Example 1 using the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion prepared in Example 5 or 6 were similar to those in Example 1.
  • the embodiment provides an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, and the preparation method thereof is similar to that in the first embodiment.
  • the difference between the embodiment 7 and the embodiment 1 is as follows:
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an average thickness ranging from 150 ⁇ m;
  • the particle size distribution of the inorganic particles is bimodal, the particle size of the 30% inorganic particles is close to 150 microns, the particle size of the 70% inorganic particles is 200, and the coverage of the inorganic particles to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 70%;
  • the thickness of the polymer layer was 1 micrometer, and the coverage of the polymer layer to the inorganic particle layer was 10%.
  • the embodiment provides an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, and the preparation method thereof is similar to that in the first embodiment.
  • the difference between the embodiment 8 and the embodiment 1 is:
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an average thickness ranging from 350 ⁇ m;
  • the particle size distribution of the inorganic particles is bimodal, 50% inorganic particle diameter is 350 microns, 50% inorganic particle diameter is 700 microns, and the coverage of the inorganic particles to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 100%;
  • the thickness of the polymer layer was 100 ⁇ m, and the coverage of the polymer layer to the inorganic particle layer was 50%.
  • the embodiment provides an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, and the preparation method thereof is similar to that in the first embodiment.
  • the difference between the embodiment 9 and the embodiment 1 is that:
  • the inorganic particles are selected from the group consisting of bauxite particles having bimodal distribution particle sizes of 250 microns and 480 microns, respectively.
  • the embodiment provides an organic-inorganic composite waterproof coating, and the preparation method thereof is similar to that in the first embodiment.
  • the difference between the embodiment 10 and the embodiment 1 is that:
  • the inorganic particles are selected from shale particles, and the shale particles have a bimodal distribution particle size of 320 microns and 650 microns, respectively.
  • the specific embodiments of the above embodiments may also be subjected to many changes; for example, the specific parts by weight of each raw material of the polyacrylic acid copolymer emulsion may be adjusted and changed, or the specific type or model of the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be adjusted according to actual conditions.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液、有机无机复合防水涂层及其制备方法、防水卷材，属于防水卷材技术领域，其可解决现有的防水膜在应用中易掉颗粒的问题。本发明的无机复合防水涂层采用有机无机颗粒复合的方式，有机涂层锁固无机颗粒，防止无机颗粒掉粒，部分暴露的无机颗粒参与水泥水化反应，增加其与后浇混凝土的粘接强度；此外本发明的无机复合防水涂层无需隔离层，省去了防粘隔离膜/纸，减少浪费。本发明的有机无机复合防水涂层，用于高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材，可使卷材在浇筑混凝土前适当外露，同时提供不粘的表面供施工人员行走。实验证明，本发明的有机无机复合防水涂层在户外放置8周后，粘剥离强度仍然可达2.0N/mm以上。

Description

一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液、有机无机复合防水涂层及其制备方法、防水卷材 技术领域
本发明属于防水卷材技术领域，具体涉及一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液、有机无机复合防水涂层及其制备方法、防水卷材。
背景技术
高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材(也称防水膜)是一种多层复合防水卷材，用于与后浇混凝土，即结构混凝土满粘防水保护。典型的高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材包括主防水层(也称主防水片材)、压敏粘合层。其中，压敏粘合层，可以与后浇筑混凝土在其固化后形成完整连续的粘接。
发明人发现现有技术中至少存在如下问题：目前，市售压敏粘合层还包含可剥离的隔离膜，用于防水卷材被卷起时，防止压敏粘合层的黏连，隔离膜必须在下一步施工前移除，因此造成一定的浪费。
典型市售另一种防水膜是带颗粒涂层的防水膜，其中的颗粒通常是二氧化硅、水化白水泥颗粒，该防水膜的缺点是：其在应用中经常掉颗粒，容易造成与混凝土粘接不牢，造成防水层窜水，防水失效。例如，现有技术中国专利CN01814107.2中公开了可水化水泥组合物浇注用颗粒涂覆结合系统及制造方法，该涂敷制品具有至少一个用于承载颗粒的表面的主体，所述表面包含压敏胶粘剂或弹性体，并且所述颗粒是可与由混凝土或砂浆的水化反应形成的氢氧化物溶液反应的无机颗粒，或者所述颗粒包含有效提高水化反应速度的促凝剂，所述无机颗粒包括(a)三水合氧化铝；(b)二氧化硅；(c)飞灰；(d)高炉炉渣；(e)锻制二氧化硅；(f)碱或碱土金属亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、卤化物、硫酸盐、氢氧化物、羧酸盐、 硅酸盐、或铝酸盐、或其混合物。但是该涂覆结合系统在应用中易掉颗粒，与混凝土土粘接不牢，易造成防水层窜水。中国专利CN201080063366.3公开了一种防水膜，其紧贴于混凝土浇筑而与之结合。该防水膜包括挠性载体片、压敏胶粘合剂和在粘合剂表面上的反射性粒子。反射性粒子的平均直径应该等于或大于压敏粘合剂的厚度。反射性粒子优选为磨碎的白水泥或磨碎的水化白水泥。所述防水膜不具有可除去的防粘层，其典型地用于防止当膜被卷起时，防水膜的粘合剂部分粘贴至载体片或膜的其他部分。但是该防水膜在应用中易掉颗粒，与混凝土土粘接不牢，易造成防水层窜水问题。
发明内容
本发明针对现有的防水膜在应用中易掉颗粒的问题，提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层及其制备方法、防水卷材。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，按重量份数，包括以下组分：
水10-50份、助溶剂0-60份、分散剂0-5份、润湿剂0-5份、丙烯酸类乳液5-50份、成膜助剂0-5份、防腐剂0-5份、硅烷偶联剂0-5份、紫外吸收剂0-1.0份、颜料5-70份、防霉剂0-5份、消泡剂0-2份、流平剂0-5份。
优选的，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按重量份数，包括以下组分：水19-26份、助溶剂0.5-5份、分散剂0.1-0.5份、润湿剂0.1-0.5份、丙烯酸类乳液28-30份、成膜助剂0.1-1份、防腐剂0.2-0.3份、硅烷偶联剂0.5-0.6份、紫外吸收剂0.5-0.6份、颜料40-45份、防霉剂0.1-0.5份、消泡剂0.1-0.2份、流平剂0.1-0.8份。
优选的，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按重量份数，包括以下组分：
水19份、助溶剂1.5份、分散剂0.5份、润湿剂0.2份、丙烯酸类乳液30份、成膜助剂1份、防腐剂0.2份、硅烷偶联剂0.5份、紫外吸收剂0.6份、颜料45份、防霉剂0.5份、消泡剂0.2 份、流平剂0.8份；或者
水26份、助溶剂1.5份、分散剂0.4份、润湿剂0.2份、丙烯酸类乳液28份、成膜助剂1份、防腐剂0.3份、硅烷偶联剂0.6份、紫外吸收剂0.5份、颜料40份、防霉剂0.5份、消泡剂0.2份、流平剂0.8份。
优选的，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液还包括聚乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物和丁苯橡胶中的一种或者多种。
本发明还提供一种上述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
低速搅拌下，在5-30份水中加入0-60份助溶剂、0-5份分散剂、0-5份润湿剂，分散均匀后加入5-70份颜料，高速分散15-20分钟，得到分散液；
中速搅拌下，在上述分散液中依次加入5-50份丙烯酸类乳液、0-5份防霉剂、分散5-10分钟，再依次加入0-5份成膜助剂、0-5份防腐剂、0-5份硅烷偶联剂、0-1.0份紫外吸收剂、0-2份消泡剂，混合分散5-10分钟，得到分散料；
将0-5份流平剂和5-20份水先预混合均匀，将预混合物缓慢加入上述分散料中，中速搅拌15分钟，得到聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液。
本发明还提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层，包括由底到面依次形成在基材上的由压敏胶粘剂构成的压敏胶粘剂层，由无机颗粒构成的无机颗粒层，聚合物层，
其中，所述聚合物层由聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液固化形成，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按重量份数，包括以下组分：
水10-50份、助溶剂0-60份、分散剂0-5份、润湿剂0-5份、丙烯酸类乳液5-50份、成膜助剂0-5份、防腐剂0-5份、硅烷偶联剂0-5份、紫外吸收剂0-1.0份、颜料5-70份、防霉剂0-5份、消泡剂0-2份、流平剂0-5份。
其中，所述基材包括主防水片材。
优选的，所述无机颗粒层中的无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆 盖率为70-100％，所述聚合物层的厚度为1-100微米，所述无机颗粒的粒径为500-700微米。
优选的，所述无机颗粒层中的无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为85-95％，所述聚合物层的厚度为25-100微米，所述无机颗粒的粒径为500或700微米。
优选的，所述无机颗粒选自方解石、石英石、沸石、蛭石、铝矾土、页岩、长石、珍珠岩、硅酸盐和铝酸盐中的一种或多种混合物。
优选的，所述共聚物乳液还包括聚乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物和丁苯橡胶中的一种或者多种。
优选的，所述压敏胶粘剂选自丁基橡胶基粘合剂、聚异丁烯基粘合剂、丁基系粘合剂、丙烯酸基粘合剂、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯基粘合剂、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯基粘合剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯基粘合剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶基粘合剂中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述压敏胶粘剂层的平均厚度范围是50-500微米；
所述无机颗粒的粒径在100-1000微米，且无机颗粒的粒径级配呈双峰分布，体积百分比占30-50％无机颗粒粒径与压敏胶粘剂层的厚度的差别在25％以内，体积百分比占50-70％无机颗粒粒径至少比压敏胶粘剂层的厚度大25％以上，所述无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为70-100％；
所述聚合物层的厚度在1-100微米，所述聚合物层对无机颗粒层的覆盖率为10-50％。
优选的，所述压敏胶粘剂层的厚度范围为150-350微米；
所述无机颗粒的粒径在200-700微米；所述无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为85-95％；
所述聚合物层对无机颗粒表面的覆盖率为25-35％。
优选的，所述压敏胶粘剂层的厚度范围为200-325微米。
优选的，所述无机颗粒选自铝矾土颗粒，所述铝矾土颗粒的粒径分布的两个峰值分别为250微米和480微米；或者
所述无机颗粒选自页岩颗粒，所述页岩颗粒的粒径分布的两个峰值分别为320微米和650微米。
本发明还提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将压敏胶粘剂在75-90℃下温热，使之粘度在25000-40000cps时，涂覆至基材上形成压敏胶粘剂层；
将无机颗粒撒布于压敏胶粘剂层上，然后采用压力辊辊涂，通过重力、真空和扫刷方法中的一种或多种方法组合去除多余的无机颗粒，形成无机颗粒层；
将聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，涂布在无机颗粒表面上，并在60-80℃的温度下干燥1-2分钟，得到聚合物层；至此，完成有机无机复合防水涂层的制备。
其中，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按重量份数，包括以下组分：
水10-50份、助溶剂0-60份、分散剂0-5份、润湿剂0-5份、丙烯酸类乳液5-50份、成膜助剂0-5份、防腐剂0-5份、硅烷偶联剂0-5份、紫外吸收剂0-1.0份、颜料5-70份、防霉剂0-5份、消泡剂0-2份、流平剂0-5份。
本发明还提供一种高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材，包括基材和上述的有机无机复合防水涂层，所述有机无机复合防水涂层包括由底到面依次形成在基材上的由压敏胶粘剂构成的压敏胶粘剂层，由无机颗粒构成的无机颗粒层，聚合物层，
其中，所述聚合物层由聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液固化形成，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按重量份数，包括以下组分：
水10-50份、助溶剂0-60份、分散剂0-5份、润湿剂0-5份、丙烯酸类乳液5-50份、成膜助剂0-5份、防腐剂0-5份、硅烷偶联剂0-5份、紫外吸收剂0-1.0份、颜料5-70份、防霉剂0-5份、消泡剂0-2份、流平剂0-5份。
本发明的无机复合防水涂层，采用有机无机颗粒复合的方式，其中，有机涂层(聚合物层)锁固无机颗粒，在长期应用中防止无机颗粒掉粒，部分暴露的无机颗粒还可以参与水泥水化反应， 增加与后浇混凝土的粘接强度；同时聚合物与无机颗粒的杂化可显著提高环境适应性和耐候性；此外本发明的无机复合防水涂层无需隔离层，省去了防粘隔离膜/纸，减少浪费以及施工现场的环境污染。本发明的有机无机复合防水涂层，用于高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材，可使卷材在浇筑混凝土前适当外露，同时提供不粘的表面供施工人员行走。实验证明，本发明的有机无机复合防水涂层在户外放置8周后，粘剥离强度仍然可达2.0N/mm以上。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的防水涂层未进行有机涂层涂覆的颗粒在显微镜下的图片；
图2为实施例1的防水涂层有机物覆盖之后的显微镜下图片。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
其中，本发明中的“丙烯酸类乳液”是指由聚丙烯酸类物质分散在水中而形成的乳液，其可采用市售的产品。
其中，“无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为70-100”是指，一层无机颗粒均匀铺散在压敏胶粘剂层上，但当无机颗粒的量不足以完全覆盖压敏胶粘剂层表面时，则在压敏胶粘剂层的部分表面没有无机颗粒，但应当理解，有无机颗粒和没有无机颗粒的表面是均匀分布的。
其中，“聚合物层对无机颗粒表面的覆盖率为25-35”是指聚合物层被形成在无机颗粒上，但因无机颗粒的粒径可能大于聚合物层，故有部分无机颗粒会露出聚合物层。
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层，制备方法如下：
(1)首先将上海科健化工有限公司生产的，TOP BEST-KJ FLEX型号的丁基橡胶基粘合剂在75℃温热，使之粘度在40000cps 时，涂覆至市售主防水片材上形成压敏胶粘剂层，压敏胶粘剂层的厚度为400微米；
(2)将市售粒径500微米珍珠岩矿物颗粒均匀撒布于压敏胶粘剂层的表面，接着通过压力辊辊涂颗粒物，使矿物颗粒均匀嵌入压敏胶粘剂层内部，珍珠岩矿物颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为85％；
(3)通过扫刷方法去除多余的粒子，得到无机颗粒层；
(4)然后将聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，采用喷涂方式均匀的涂布在无机颗粒层表面上，并在60℃的干燥设备内干燥，干燥时间为2分钟，涂层厚度为0.05-0.1mm，得到聚合物层；至此，完成有机无机复合防水涂层的制备。
其中，聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液配方见表1：
表1 实施例1的聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液配方
Figure PCTCN2015096120-appb-000001
聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液制备工艺流程：
(1)精确称量加入水10份，低速搅拌下按表1的组分加入助溶剂、分散剂、润湿剂，分散均匀后加入钛白粉和重钙，高速分散15分钟，检测细度合格。
(2)中速搅拌下依次加入丙烯酸类乳液、防霉剂、分散5分钟至均匀后再依次加入成膜助剂、防腐剂、硅烷偶联剂、紫外吸收剂、消泡剂，混合分散5分钟。
(3)将流平剂和水9份缓慢加入分散料中，中速搅拌15分钟(中速以分散体见漩涡但不能上下翻滚和周边料能混入为准)，至仅有极少微泡。
(4)检验合格后包装。
本实施例的无机复合防水涂层，采用有机无机颗粒复合的方式，其中，有机涂层(聚合物层)锁固无机颗粒，在长期应用中防止无机颗粒掉粒，级配的无机颗粒粒径呈双峰分布，这样可以有效地解决地下工程的窜水问题，无机颗粒还可以参与水泥水化反应，增加与后浇混凝土的粘接强度；同时聚合物与无机颗粒的杂化可显著提高环境适应性和耐候性；此外本发明的无机复合防水涂层无需隔离层，省去了防粘隔离膜/纸，减少浪费以及施工现场的环境污染。本发明的有机无机复合防水涂层，用于高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材，可使卷材在浇筑混凝土前适当外露，同时提供不粘的表面供施工人员行走。实验证明，本发明的有机无机复合防水涂层在户外放置8周后，粘剥离强度仍然可达2.0N/mm以上。
实施例2：
本实施例提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层，制备方法如下：
(1)首先将上海十盛科技有限公司生产的，P073-9型号的苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯(SEBS)基粘合剂温度在90℃温热，使之粘度在25000cps时，涂覆至主防水片材上形成压敏胶粘剂层，压敏胶粘剂层的厚度为50微米；
(2)将市售粒径700微米页岩矿物颗粒均匀撒布于压敏胶粘剂层的表面，接着通过压力辊辊涂颗粒物，使矿物颗粒均匀嵌入压 敏胶粘剂层内部，覆盖率为85-95％。
(3)接着通过鼓风方法去除多余的粒子，得到无机颗粒层；
(4)然后将聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，采用刷涂方式均匀的涂布在无机颗粒层表面上，并在80℃的干燥设备内干燥，干燥时间为1分钟，涂层厚度为0.025-0.1mm，得到聚合物层；至此，完成有机无机复合防水涂层的制备。
聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液配方见表2：
表2 实施例2的聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液配方
Figure PCTCN2015096120-appb-000002
聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液制备工艺流程：
(1)精确称量加入水20份，低速搅拌下加入助溶剂1.5份、分散剂0.4份、润湿剂0.2份，分散均匀后加入钛白粉10份和重钙30份，高速分散20分钟，检测细度合格。
(2)中速搅拌下依次加入丙烯酸类乳液28份、防霉剂0.5份、分散10分钟至均匀后再依次加入成膜助剂1份、防腐剂0.3份、 硅烷偶联剂0.6份、紫外吸收剂0.5份、消泡剂0.2份，混合分散10分钟。
(3)将流平剂0.8份和水6份缓慢加入分散料中，中速搅拌15分钟(中速以分散体见漩涡但不能上下翻滚和周边料能混入为准)，至仅有极少微泡。
(4)检验合格后包装。
实施例3：
(1)首先将聚异丁烯基粘合剂温度在80℃温热，使之粘度在30000cps时，涂覆至主防水片材上形成压敏胶粘剂层，压敏胶粘剂层的厚度为500微米；
(2)将粒径700微米页岩矿物颗粒均匀撒布于压敏胶粘剂层的表面，接着通过压力辊辊涂颗粒物，使矿物颗粒均匀嵌入压敏胶粘剂层内部，覆盖率为90％。
(3)接着通过鼓风方法去除多余的粒子；
(4)然后将聚乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物乳液，采用刷涂方式均匀的涂布在无机颗粒层表面上，并在70℃的干燥设备内干燥，干燥时间为2分钟，涂层厚度为0.05-0.1mm。
实施例4：
(1)首先将丁基系粘合剂、丙烯酸基粘合剂、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯(SIS)基粘合剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SBS)基粘合剂和苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶(SBR)基粘合剂混合后，温度在80℃温热，使之粘度在30000cps时，将粒径700微米页岩矿物颗粒均匀撒布于压敏胶粘剂表面，接着通过压力辊辊涂颗粒物，使矿物颗粒均匀嵌入压敏胶粘剂内部，覆盖率为95％。
(2)接着通过鼓风方法去除多余的粒子，得到无机颗粒层；
(3)然后将聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液、聚乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物和丁苯橡胶混合后，采用刷涂方式均匀的涂布在无机颗粒表面上，并在70℃的干燥设备内干燥，干燥时间为1分钟，涂层厚度为 0.05-0.1mm，得到聚合物层；至此，完成有机无机复合防水涂层的制备。
应用实施例：对实施例1、实施例2的有机无机复合防水涂层进行混凝土后浇，然后对主防水片材进行剥离强度测试；
将实施例1、实施例2的有机无机复合防水涂层后浇混凝土，分别在户外放置4周和8周后进行剥离强度测试。
同时，制备对比例1和对比例2的防水涂层，其中对比例1的防水涂层的制备方法与实施例1类似，其不同之处在于：对比例1的防水涂层未涂覆聚合物层。对比例2的防水涂层的制备方法与实施例2类似，其不同之处在于：对比例2的防水涂层未涂覆聚合物层。
对比例1和对比例2的有机无机复合防水涂层按上述方法进行混凝土后浇，然后进行剥离强度测试。
实施例1、实施例2和对比例1、对比例2剥离强度的测试结果见表3。
表3 剥离强度测试结果(单位：N/mm)
Figure PCTCN2015096120-appb-000003
由表3可知，页岩颗粒层与聚合物层复合后的防水涂层和珍珠岩颗粒层与聚合物层复合后的防水涂层，在户外放置8周后，粘剥离强度仍然可达2.0N/mm以上，可见聚合物层与无机颗粒的杂化明显地提高了有机无机复合防水涂层环境适应性和耐候性。
实施例5：
本实施例提供一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，包括以下重量份数的原料：
水10份、助溶剂1份、分散剂0.1份、润湿剂0.1份、丙烯酸类乳液5份、成膜助剂0.1份、防腐剂0.1份、硅烷偶联剂0.1份、紫外吸收剂0.1份、颜料5份、防霉剂0.1份、消泡剂0.1份、流平剂0.1份。
实施例6：
本实施例提供一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，包括以下重量份数的原料：
水50份、助溶剂60份、分散剂5份、润湿剂5份、丙烯酸类乳液50份、成膜助剂5份、防腐剂5份、硅烷偶联剂5份、紫外吸收剂1.0份、颜料70份、防霉剂5份、消泡剂2份、流平剂5份。
采用实施例5或6制备的聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按实施例1的方法涂覆得到的有机无机复合防水涂层的性能与实施例1类似。
实施例7：
本实施例提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层，其制备方法与实施例1类似，实施例7与实施例1的不同之处在于：
所述压敏胶粘剂层的平均厚度范围是150微米；
无机颗粒的粒径级配呈双峰分布，30％无机颗粒粒径接近150微米，70％无机颗粒粒径为200，所述无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为70％；
所述聚合物层的厚度在1微米，所述聚合物层对无机颗粒层的覆盖率为10％。
实施例8：
本实施例提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层，其制备方法与实施例1类似，实施例8与实施例1的不同之处在于：
所述压敏胶粘剂层的平均厚度范围是350微米；
无机颗粒的粒径级配呈双峰分布，50％无机颗粒粒径为350微米，50％无机颗粒粒径为700微米，所述无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为100％；
所述聚合物层的厚度为100微米，所述聚合物层对无机颗粒层的覆盖率为50％。
实施例9：
本实施例提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层，其制备方法与实施例1类似，实施例9与实施例1的不同之处在于：
所述无机颗粒选自铝矾土颗粒，所述铝矾土颗粒双峰分布粒径分别为250微米和480微米。
实施例10：
本实施例提供一种有机无机复合防水涂层，其制备方法与实施例1类似，实施例10与实施例1的不同之处在于：
所述无机颗粒选自页岩颗粒，所述页岩颗粒双峰分布粒径分别为320微米和650微米。
显然，上述各实施例的具体实施方式还可进行许多变化；例如：聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液各原料的具体重量份数可以调整变化，或者压敏胶粘剂的具体种类或型号可以根据实际情况调整。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，其特征在于，按重量份数，包括以下组分：
    水10-50份、助溶剂0-60份、分散剂0-5份、润湿剂0-5份、丙烯酸类乳液5-50份、成膜助剂0-5份、防腐剂0-5份、硅烷偶联剂0-5份、紫外吸收剂0-1.0份、颜料5-70份、防霉剂0-5份、消泡剂0-2份、流平剂0-5份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，其特征在于，按重量份数，包括以下组分：水19-26份、助溶剂0.5-5份、分散剂0.1-0.5份、润湿剂0.1-0.5份、丙烯酸类乳液28-30份、成膜助剂0.1-1份、防腐剂0.2-0.3份、硅烷偶联剂0.5-0.6份、紫外吸收剂0.5-0.6份、颜料40-45份、防霉剂0.1-0.5份、消泡剂0.1-0.2份、流平剂0.1-0.8份。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，其特征在于，按重量份数，包括以下组分：
    水19份、助溶剂1.5份、分散剂0.5份、润湿剂0.2份、丙烯酸类乳液30份、成膜助剂1份、防腐剂0.2份、硅烷偶联剂0.5份、紫外吸收剂0.6份、颜料45份、防霉剂0.5份、消泡剂0.2份、流平剂0.8份；
    或者
    水26份、助溶剂1.5份、分散剂0.4份、润湿剂0.2份、丙烯酸类乳液28份、成膜助剂1份、防腐剂0.3份、硅烷偶联剂0.6份、紫外吸收剂0.5份、颜料40份、防霉剂0.5份、消泡剂0.2份、流平剂0.8份。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，其特征在于，还包括聚乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物和丁苯橡胶中的一种或者多种。
  5. 一种有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，包括由底到面依次形成在基材上的由压敏胶粘剂构成的压敏胶粘剂层，由无机颗粒构成的无机颗粒层，聚合物层，
    其中，所述聚合物层由聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液固化形成，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按重量份数，包括以下组分：
    水10-50份、助溶剂0-60份、分散剂0-5份、润湿剂0-5份、丙烯酸类乳液5-50份、成膜助剂0-5份、防腐剂0-5份、硅烷偶联剂0-5份、紫外吸收剂0-1.0份、颜料5-70份、防霉剂0-5份、消泡剂0-2份、流平剂0-5份。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，所述无机颗粒层中的无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为70-100％，所述聚合物层的厚度为1-100微米，所述无机颗粒的粒径为500-700微米。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，所述无机颗粒层中的无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为85-95％，所述聚合物层的厚度为25-100微米，所述无机颗粒的粒径为500或700微米。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，所述无机颗粒选自方解石、石英石、沸石、蛭石、铝矾土、页岩、长石、珍珠岩、硅酸盐、铝酸盐中的一种或多种混合物。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，所述压敏胶粘剂选自丁基橡胶基粘合剂、聚异丁烯基粘合剂、丁基系粘合剂、丙烯酸基粘合剂、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯基粘合剂、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯基粘合剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯基粘合剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶基粘合剂中的一种或多种。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，所述压敏胶粘剂层的厚度范围是50-500微米；
    所述无机颗粒的粒径在100-1000微米，且无机颗粒的粒径级配呈双峰分布，体积百分比占30-50％无机颗粒粒径与压敏胶粘剂层的厚度的差别在25％以内，体积百分比占50-70％无机颗粒粒径至少比压敏胶粘剂层的厚度大25％以上，所述无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为70-100％；
    所述聚合物层的厚度在1-100微米，所述聚合物层对无机颗粒层的覆盖率为10-50％。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，所述压敏胶粘剂层的厚度范围为150-350微米；
    所述无机颗粒的粒径在200-700微米；所述无机颗粒对压敏胶粘剂层的覆盖率为85-95％；
    所述聚合物层对无机颗粒表面的覆盖率为25-35％。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，所述压敏胶粘剂层的厚度范围为200-325微米。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的有机无机复合防水涂层，其特征在于，所述无机颗粒选自铝矾土颗粒，所述铝矾土颗粒的粒径分布的两个峰值分别为250微米和480微米；或者
    所述无机颗粒选自页岩颗粒，所述页岩颗粒的粒径分布的两个峰值分别为320微米和650微米。
  14. 一种有机无机复合防水涂层的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    将压敏胶粘剂在75-90℃下温热，使之粘度在25000-40000cps时，涂覆至基材上形成压敏胶粘剂层；
    将无机颗粒撒布于压敏胶粘剂层上，然后采用压力辊辊涂，通过重力、真空和扫刷方法中的一种或多种方法组合去除多余的无机颗粒，形成无机颗粒层；
    将聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液，涂布在无机颗粒层表面上，并在60-80℃的温度下干燥1-2分钟，得到聚合物层；
    其中，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按重量份数，包括以下组分：
    水10-50份、助溶剂0-60份、分散剂0-5份、润湿剂0-5份、丙烯酸类乳液5-50份、成膜助剂0-5份、防腐剂0-5份、硅烷偶联剂0-5份、紫外吸收剂0-1.0份、颜料5-70份、防霉剂0-5份、消泡剂0-2份、流平剂0-5份。
  15. 一种高分子自粘胶膜防水卷材，其特征在于，包括基材和有机无机复合防水涂层，所述有机无机复合防水涂层包括由底到面依次形成在基材上的由压敏胶粘剂构成的压敏胶粘剂层，由无机颗粒构成的无机颗粒层，聚合物层，
    其中，所述聚合物层由聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液固化形成，所述聚丙烯酸共聚物乳液按重量份数，包括以下组分：
    水10-50份、助溶剂0-60份、分散剂0-5份、润湿剂0-5份、丙烯酸类乳液5-50份、成膜助剂0-5份、防腐剂0-5份、硅烷偶联剂0-5份、紫外吸收剂0-1.0份、颜料5-70份、防霉剂0-5份、消泡剂0-2份、流平剂0-5份。
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