WO2016101459A1 - 汽车倒车自动刹车装置 - Google Patents

汽车倒车自动刹车装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016101459A1
WO2016101459A1 PCT/CN2015/077292 CN2015077292W WO2016101459A1 WO 2016101459 A1 WO2016101459 A1 WO 2016101459A1 CN 2015077292 W CN2015077292 W CN 2015077292W WO 2016101459 A1 WO2016101459 A1 WO 2016101459A1
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Prior art keywords
parts
wire
electric vehicle
protective cover
distance
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PCT/CN2015/077292
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖春林
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南通之润汽车科技有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201410829607.0A external-priority patent/CN104530531A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410827862.1A external-priority patent/CN104554211B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410827850.9A external-priority patent/CN104565002A/zh
Application filed by 南通之润汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 南通之润汽车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2016101459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016101459A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
    • C08K5/5425—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one C=C bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C1/00—Flexible shafts; Mechanical means for transmitting movement in a flexible sheathing
    • F16C1/10—Means for transmitting linear movement in a flexible sheathing, e.g. "Bowden-mechanisms"
    • F16C1/12—Arrangements for transmitting movement to or from the flexible member
    • F16C1/14—Construction of the end-piece of the flexible member; Attachment thereof to the flexible member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C1/00—Flexible shafts; Mechanical means for transmitting movement in a flexible sheathing
    • F16C1/26—Construction of guiding-sheathings or guiding-tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of brake devices, and in particular to an automobile reverse automatic brake device.
  • the car manufacturer has developed various technologies; such as adding a visualization system to the vehicle's central control panel, or adding a parking radar warning system, etc., but these techniques only provide the driver with an auxiliary judgment.
  • adding a visualization system to the vehicle's central control panel or adding a parking radar warning system, etc.
  • these techniques only provide the driver with an auxiliary judgment.
  • researchers have further developed devices that directly act on the brake system of the vehicle.
  • an automobile reversing bumper disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 201120156283.0 is an automatic brake reversing device composed of an ultrasonic transceiver, a display, a horn, a release switch, a main controller and a servo, wherein the brake brake device It is composed of solenoid valve, motor, gear, rack sleeve and steel wire pull wire and cable sleeve. The brake wire pedal is pulled by the wire pull wire to realize the brake. If the rack sleeve of the device is used for a long time, it will be deformed due to the motor work.
  • the force generated in an instant is very large, and it is easy to crack the deformed rack sleeve, so that the vehicle cannot be braked, the safety performance is low, the service life of the rack sleeve is short, the use cost is increased, and the rack sleeve installation and disassembly takes time and effort. , the workload is large. It can be seen that the structure of the automobile reverse bumper in the prior art is not perfect, and there is a great safety hazard.
  • the inventor has developed a new type of automobile reversing automatic braking device in combination with the prior art, and includes a main controller, a contact switch, a horn, a servo, a display, and an ultrasonic transmission, respectively connected to the main controller.
  • the ultrasonic transceiver is electrically connected to the speaker and the display respectively, and the server is connected to the brake bus.
  • the server includes a sheath, a solenoid valve fixedly connected in the sheath, and a rack sleeve fixedly connected in the sheath by screws.
  • a plate a motor fixedly connected under the rack and pinion positioning plate, a motor pinion fixedly connected to the motor, and fixed by a small hole on the rack and pinion positioning plate, and fixedly connected to the large position of the rack and pinion sleeve positioning plate a gear, a pinion fixedly coupled to the large gear through a shaft, a rack sleeve disposed on the positioning plate of the rack and pinion sleeve, the motor pinion and the large gear are parallel, and the pinion is parallel to the rack sleeve, and the front end of the rack sleeve passes
  • the round hole in the sheath is fixed, the rear end of the rack sleeve is engaged with the pinion gear, and the first shock absorbing rubber sleeve and the second shock absorbing rubber sleeve are fixedly connected on both sides of the front end of the rack sleeve, and the rack sleeve is set with a Fixedly connected with the brake bus is a wire pulling wire
  • the middle portion of the sheath is provided with a stroke positioning baffle for positioning the rack sleeve.
  • the bottom end of the rack sleeve is arranged in a closed structure, and the top end of the rack sleeve is provided with a limiting slot for linearly moving the rack sleeve in the sheath.
  • Protection The inner movable connection has a set of mounting blocks for facilitating the installation of the solenoid valve.
  • the front end of the mounting block is provided with a card slot
  • the rear end of the mounting block is provided with a card strip
  • the inner side wall of the sheath is provided with at least two fixings matched with the card strip.
  • the slot has a circular arc shape at the bottom end of the slot, and further includes a camera fixedly connected to the main controller, and the camera is electrically connected to the speaker and the display respectively.
  • the automobile reversing automatic braking device invented by the inventor sets the bottom end of the rack sleeve into a closed structure, and only controls the rack sleeve to perform linear motion in the sheath through the limiting groove provided in the middle of the rack sleeve, which is effective.
  • the tensile strength of the rack sleeve is improved, the deformation amount of the rack sleeve is effectively reduced, the service life of the rack sleeve is improved, the reliability of the brake is effectively ensured, the use effect is good, and the tooth is reduced.
  • the maintenance work caused by the damage of the strip sleeve reduces the production cost, has good practical performance, and detects whether there are obstacles in the driving process of the vehicle through the camera, effectively improving the accuracy of the brake, better safety performance and simple operation.
  • one end of the cable sleeve is provided with a threaded pipe, and one end is the end facing away from the servo.
  • the threaded pipe and the wire pulling wire may generate friction, and the wire pulling wire and the threaded pipe are rubbed for a long time, which may cause Both the threaded pipe and the wire drawing wire are worn out.
  • the wire pull wire is broken, which causes the automobile reverse brake to fail and an accident occurs. Therefore, it is very necessary to add protective measures to the threaded pipe and the wire pull wire.
  • the invention has been developed and found that a protective sleeve is arranged between the threaded pipe and the wire drawing wire, and the protective sleeve is used to avoid direct contact between the threaded pipe and the wire pulling wire, thereby improving the safety performance of the vehicle-related device, due to the threaded pipe and the steel wire. Frictional contact occurs between the pull wires, so the high performance requirements of the wear resistance, toughness and deformation resistance of the protective cover are put forward.
  • the inventors have selected materials commonly used in the field to test and find that the effects are not As far as practicable, the inventors have conducted in-depth research and development on the material of the protective cover, in order to find a special protective cover which is excellent in comprehensive performance and can satisfy the automatic braking device of the automobile.
  • the invention provides an automobile reversing automatic braking device, comprising a main controller, a contact switch respectively connected with the main controller, a horn, a servo, a display and an ultrasonic transceiver, wherein the ultrasonic transceiver is electrically connected with the horn and the display respectively, and the server Connected to the brake bus, the servo includes a wire pulling wire, and is sleeved on the wire drawing sleeve of the wire pulling wire, wherein one end of the wire drawing sleeve is provided with a threaded pipe, and a protective sleeve is arranged between the threaded pipe and the wire drawing wire, and the protective sleeve comprises the following parts by weight Component: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3-4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 6-8 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2-3 parts of barium stearate, 8-10 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1-1.5 Parts, 2-3
  • the automobile reverse automatic braking device provided by the invention has a protective sleeve between the wire pulling wire and the threaded pipe, and the protective sleeve has very good wear resistance, toughness, can be used for a long time without deformation, and at the same time With remarkable flame retardancy, the safety performance and service life of the car reversing automatic brake device are greatly improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a protective cover of an automobile reverse automatic braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a protective cover of an automobile reverse automatic braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Take the protective cover 2 provided in this embodiment, and set it on the wire pulling wire 3, thereby forming a space between the threaded pipe 1 and the wire drawing wire 3.
  • the threaded pipe 1 Displacement between the wire and the wire 3; due to the presence of the protective sleeve 2, the direct contact between the threaded pipe 1 and the wire pulling wire 3 is avoided, thereby avoiding the loss of the threaded pipe 1 and the wire pulling wire 3 caused by friction, which greatly improves the loss.
  • the safety performance of the automobile reverse automatic brake device since the protective sleeve 2 is disposed between the threaded pipe 1 and the wire drawing wire 3, when the threaded pipe 1 and the wire pulling wire 3 are displaced, the protective cover 2 is subjected to a large pressure. At the same time, a large amount of heat is generated, which makes the material of the protective cover 2 have better wear resistance and deformation resistance, and has better toughness and flame retardancy, otherwise the protective cover 2 is used after a long time. Accidental rupture occurs in the occurrence of aging, and there is a greater potential safety hazard.
  • the inventors respectively selected the commonly used PE (polyethylene) material and PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material to prepare the protective cover 2, and compared with the protective cover 2 provided by the present invention to verify the relevant performance; specifically, respectively selected PE material, PVC material, the material of this embodiment is prepared with the same size of the protective cover 2, and is set in the automobile reversing automatic brake device for experiment.
  • the automobile reversing automatic braking device of the same specification is selected, and the artificial simulated braking is performed, so that the same displacement of the simulated brake is generated for the threaded pipe 1 and the steel wire drawing 3, and the surface structure change of the protective cover 2 is observed, and the obvious crack is used as a reference.
  • the wear resistance of various materials test the toughness and deformation resistance of the material based on the same number of times of simulating the brakes.
  • the toughness is compared to the magnitude of the breaking force after the simulated braking times. The greater the force, the more the fracture is tough. The better; the deformation resistance, to It is judged that the deformation of the protective cover 2 is caused by the heat after the number of simulated braking times, and the deformation of the protective cover 2 is poor, and the deformation resistance is poor.
  • the level of performance is indicated by ⁇ , and the more ⁇ , the better the performance index.
  • the embodiment relates to a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device.
  • the protective cover 2 comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 6 parts of molybdenum disulfide, and hard fat. 2 parts of acid bismuth, 8 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 1 part of graphite, 2 parts of ethylene propylene diene rubber, 3 parts of flame retardant, 2 parts of compatibilizer, 1 part of lubricant;
  • the flame retardant is pentabromobenzyl acrylate
  • the compatibilizer is acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer grafted glycidyl methacrylate
  • the lubricant is N,N - ethylenebisstearamide.
  • the protective cover 2 adopts the following preparation method:
  • Step 1 Take the above parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 6 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2 parts of barium stearate, 8 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1 2 parts of EPDM rubber, 3 parts of flame retardant, 2 parts of compatibilizer, 1 part of lubricant; flame retardant is pentabromobenzyl acrylate, compatibilizer is acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer grafting Glycidyl methacrylate, the lubricant is N, N - ethylene bis stearic acid amide;
  • Step two mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder to shear and mix the material in the molten state under the rotation of the screw; the barrel of the twin-screw extruder
  • the temperature between the feed port and the extrusion die is 155-160 ° C, 175-180 ° C, 185-190 ° C, 195-200 ° C, and the temperature of the extrusion die is 200-210 ° C; That is, the protective cover 2 of the car reversing automatic brake device is obtained.
  • the wear resistance of the protective cover 2 prepared in this embodiment reaches 4700, which is higher than the 3000 times of the PE material and 3500 times of the PVC material, and the toughness of the protective cover 2 prepared by the present invention after simulating 3000 brakes.
  • the deformation resistance is better than that of PE and PVC, with unexpected technical effects.
  • the embodiment relates to a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device.
  • the protective cover 2 comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 6.5 parts of molybdenum disulfide, and hard fat. 2.3 parts of acid bismuth, 9 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 1.2 parts of graphite, 2.3 parts of ethylene propylene diene rubber, 4 parts of flame retardant, 2.3 parts of compatibilizer, 2 parts of lubricant;
  • the flame retardant is decabromodiphenyl ether
  • the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and has a melt index of 1.4-2.4 g/min, a density of 0.88-0.91 g/cm 3 , and a lubricant of polyethylene wax.
  • the protective cover 2 adopts the following preparation method:
  • Step 1 Take the above parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 6.5 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2.3 parts of barium stearate, 9 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1.2 Parts, 2.3 parts of EPDM rubber, 4 parts of flame retardant, 2.3 parts of compatibilizer, 2 parts of lubricant; flame retardant is decabromodiphenyl ether, compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and melted The index is 1.4-2.4g/min, the density is 0.88-0.91g/cm 3 , and the lubricant is polyethylene wax;
  • Step two mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder to shear and mix the material in the molten state under the rotation of the screw; the barrel of the twin-screw extruder
  • the temperature between the feed port and the extrusion die is 155-160 ° C, 175-180 ° C, 185-190 ° C, 195-200 ° C, and the temperature of the extrusion die is 200-210 ° C; That is, the protective cover 2 of the car reversing automatic brake device is obtained.
  • the wear resistance of the protective cover 2 prepared in this embodiment reaches 4900, which is much higher than the 3000 times of PE material and 3500 times of PVC material, and the toughness of the protective cover 2 prepared by the present invention after simulating 3000 brakes. And the deformation resistance is better than PE material and PVC material, with unexpected technical effects.
  • the embodiment relates to a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device.
  • the protective cover 2 comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7 parts of molybdenum disulfide, and hard fat. 2.5 parts of acid bismuth, 9 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 1.2 parts of graphite, 2.5 parts of ethylene propylene diene rubber, 4 parts of flame retardant, 2.5 parts of compatibilizer, 2 parts of lubricant;
  • the flame retardant is a mixture of pentabromobenzyl acrylate and decabromodiphenyl ether in a weight ratio of 1:1
  • the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene
  • the melt index of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is 2- 2.3 g / min
  • the density is 0.88-0.90g / cm 3
  • the lubricant is calcium stearate, polyethylene wax and methyl bis-stearic acid amide in a weight ratio of 1:3:1 mixed composition.
  • the protective cover 2 adopts the following preparation method:
  • Step 1 Take the above parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of barium stearate, 9 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1.2 2.5 parts of EPDM rubber, 4 parts of flame retardant, 2.5 parts of compatibilizer, 2 parts of lubricant; flame retardant is 1:1 mixture of pentabromobenzyl acrylate and decabromodiphenyl ether.
  • the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene
  • the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene has a melt index of 2-2.3 g/min, a density of 0.88-0.90 g/cm 3
  • the lubricant is stearic acid.
  • Calcium, polyethylene wax and methyl bis-stearic acid amide are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:3:1;
  • Step two mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder to shear and mix the material in the molten state under the rotation of the screw; the barrel of the twin-screw extruder
  • the temperature between the feed port and the extrusion die is 155-160 ° C, 175-180 ° C, 185-190 ° C, 195-200 ° C, and the temperature of the extrusion die is 200-210 ° C; That is, the protective cover 2 of the car reversing automatic brake device is obtained.
  • the embodiment relates to a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device.
  • the protective cover 2 comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.8 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7.7 parts of molybdenum disulfide, and hard fat. 2.8 parts of acid bismuth, 9.5 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 1.3 parts of graphite, 2.8 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 4.5 parts of flame retardant, 2.7 parts of compatibilizer and 2.5 parts of lubricant;
  • the flame retardant is magnesium hydroxide
  • the compatibilizer is polymethyl methacrylate grafted maleic anhydride
  • the lubricant is methyl bis stearic acid amide.
  • the protective cover 2 adopts the following preparation method:
  • Step 1 Take the above parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of barium stearate, 9 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1.2 Parts, 2.5 parts of EPDM rubber, 4 parts of flame retardant, 2.5 parts of compatibilizer, 2 parts of lubricant; flame retardant is magnesium hydroxide, compatibilizer is polymethyl methacrylate grafted maleic anhydride The lubricant is methyl bis-stearic acid amide;
  • Step two mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder to shear and mix the material in the molten state under the rotation of the screw; the barrel of the twin-screw extruder
  • the temperature between the feed port and the extrusion die is 155-160 ° C, 175-180 ° C, 185-190 ° C, 195-200 ° C, and the temperature of the extrusion die is 200-210 ° C; That is, the protective cover 2 of the car reversing automatic brake device is obtained.
  • the embodiment relates to a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device.
  • the protective cover 2 comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 8 parts of molybdenum disulfide, and hard fat. 3 parts of acid bismuth, 10 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 1.5 parts of graphite, 3 parts of ethylene propylene diene rubber, 5 parts of flame retardant, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 3 parts of lubricant;
  • the flame retardant pentabromobenzyl acrylate, the compatibilizer is polymethyl methacrylate grafted maleic anhydride, and the lubricant is calcium stearate.
  • the protective cover 2 adopts the following preparation method:
  • Step 1 Take the above parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 8 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 3 parts of barium stearate, 10 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1.5 3 parts of EPDM rubber, 5 parts of flame retardant, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 3 parts of lubricant; flame retardant pentabromobenzyl acrylate, compatibilizer is polymethyl methacrylate grafted Malay An acid anhydride, the lubricant is calcium stearate;
  • Step two mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder to shear and mix the material in the molten state under the rotation of the screw; the barrel of the twin-screw extruder
  • the temperature between the feed port and the extrusion die is 155-160 ° C, 175-180 ° C, 185-190 ° C, 195-200 ° C, the temperature of the extrusion die is 200-210 ° C; after cooling molding, the protective cover 2 of the car reversing automatic brake device is obtained.
  • the wear resistance of the protective cover 2 prepared in this embodiment reaches 4600, which is higher than the 3000 times of the PE material and 3500 times of the PVC material, and the toughness of the protective cover 2 prepared by the present invention after simulating 3000 brakes.
  • the deformation resistance is better than that of PE and PVC, with unexpected technical effects.
  • the protective cover 2 is composed of the following composition: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of barium stearate, and 9 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane.
  • the wear resistance of the other examples is greatly improved, and the toughness and deformation resistance performance also reached the highest level of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , achieving an unexpected technical effect.
  • the inventors believe that the selection of components in the present embodiment, including the selection of raw materials, flame retardants, compatibilizers, and lubricants, is unique.
  • Lubricants can be classified into internal lubricants and external lubricants from the mechanism of action.
  • the inner lubricant has a low melting point and is excellent in compatibility with the matrix polymer, and acts on the molecular chain of the matrix resin to make the molecular chain more entangled and slid, and apparently improves the fluidity of the product;
  • the external lubricant has a high melting point.
  • the flame retardant is pentabromobenzyl acrylate and decabromodiphenyl ether
  • the mixture is 1:1 by weight
  • the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is melted.
  • the index is 2-2.3 g/min and the density is 0.88-0.90 g/cm 3
  • the lubricants are combined together, and the other raw materials in the embodiment are joined for mixing, and the protective cover 2 finally prepared is particularly excellent in performance;
  • the flame retardant is preferably a mixture of one or more of pentabromobenzyl acrylate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and decabromodiphenyl ether; however, in the prior art The remaining flame retardants can also be applied to the solution of the present invention, and are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the compatibilizer is an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer grafted glycidyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate grafted maleic anhydride or maleic anhydride grafted poly Ethylene; however, the remaining compatibilizers of the prior art may also be adapted to the solution of the present invention and are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the lubricant is stearic acid, stearate, silicone oil, wax oil, paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, pentaerythritol ester, ethylene bis-stearate, stearic acid amide, Mixing one or more of methyl bis-stearic acid amide, N,N - ethylene bis stearic acid amide; however, the remaining lubricants in the prior art can also be applied to the solution of the present invention, in the present invention Within the scope of protection.
  • the protective cover 2 has a length of 35-42 mm.
  • the protective cover 2 of the automobile reversing automatic braking device provided by the invention provides a protective cover during installation 2 After cutting the tooling fixture according to the specified length, the protective sleeve 2 is inserted into the threaded pipe 1 and sleeved on the wire pulling wire 3.
  • the length of the protective cover 2 provided by the invention is set between 35-42 mm. When the length of the protective sleeve 2 is less than 35 mm, the length of the protective sleeve 2 extending out of the threaded tube 1 is too short, and will still appear during use.
  • the wire drawing wire 3 and the threaded pipe 1 are worn together; when the length of the protective sleeve 2 is greater than 42 mm, the length of the protective sleeve 2 extending out of the threaded pipe 1 is too long, and the protective cover 2 will hit the wire pulling wire 3 during use.
  • the fixed end of the frame damages the protective cover 2. Further, when the length of the protective cover 2 is preferably 40 mm, the use effect of the protective cover 2 is optimized.
  • the protective sleeve 2 extends out of the threaded tube 1 to a length of 3.5-4.5 mm.
  • the protective sleeve 2 is disposed in the threaded tube 1 and is sleeved on the wire drawing wire 3. One end of the protective sleeve 2 extends out of the threaded tube 1, and the length of the protective sleeve 2 extending out of the threaded tube 1 is 3.5-4.5.
  • the outer diameter of the protective cover 2 is 2.8-3.2 mm, and the inner diameter of the protective cover 2 is 2.3-2.4 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the protective sleeve 2 is 2.8-3.2 mm, which is 1-2 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the threaded tube 1 of the present invention, so that the protective sleeve 2 can be conveniently placed inside the threaded tube 1 without The gap between the protective sleeve 2 and the threaded tube 1 is too large, causing the protective sleeve 2 to fall off.
  • the inner side of the protective sleeve 2 located inside the threaded tube 1 is provided with a grain, and the inner hole of the threaded tube 1 is not smooth. After the protective sleeve 2 is inserted, the surface is rubbed, so it is not easy.
  • the inner diameter of the protective sleeve 2 is 2.3-2.4 mm, and is larger than the diameter of the steel wire drawing 3. Therefore, the movement of the steel wire 3 does not drive the movement of the protective cover 2, and the protective cover 2 can be firmly fixed in the threaded pipe 1.
  • the invention also relates to a preparation method of the protective cover 2 of the automobile reverse automatic braking device, which is specifically as follows:
  • the embodiment relates to a method for preparing a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device, and the method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Take the following parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 6 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2 parts of barium stearate, 8 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1 2 parts of EPDM rubber, 3 parts of flame retardant, 2 parts of compatibilizer, 1 part of lubricant; flame retardant is pentabromobenzyl acrylate, compatibilizer is acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer grafting Glycidyl methacrylate, the lubricant is N, N - ethylene bis stearic acid amide;
  • Step two mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder to shear and mix the material in the molten state under the rotation of the screw; the barrel of the twin-screw extruder
  • the temperature between the feed port and the extrusion die is 150-160 ° C, 170-175 ° C, 180-185 ° C, 190-200 ° C, and the temperature of the extrusion die is 180-190 ° C;
  • the tubular protective cover 2 is the protective cover 2 of the automobile reverse automatic braking device.
  • the embodiment relates to a method for preparing a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device, and the method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Take the following parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 8 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 3 parts of barium stearate, 10 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1.5 3 parts of EPDM rubber, 5 parts of flame retardant, 3 parts of compatibilizer, 3 parts of lubricant; flame retardant is magnesium hydroxide, compatibilizer is polymethyl methacrylate grafted maleic anhydride The lubricant is methyl bis-stearic acid amide;
  • Step 2 mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder
  • the material is sheared and mixed under the action of the screw rotation; the temperature of the barrel of the twin-screw extruder from the feed inlet to the extrusion die is 160-170 ° C, 175- 180 ° C, 185-190 ° C, 200-210 ° C, the temperature of the extrusion die is 210-220 ° C; after cooling molding, the protective cover 2 of the car reversing automatic brake device.
  • the embodiment relates to a method for preparing a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device, and the method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Take the following parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of barium stearate, 9 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1.2 Parts, 2.5 parts of EPDM rubber, 4 parts of flame retardant, 2.5 parts of compatibilizer, 2 parts of lubricant;
  • the flame retardant is obtained by mixing pentabrom acrylate and decabromodiphenyl ether in a weight ratio of 1:1;
  • the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene has a melt index of 2-2.3 g/min and a density of 0.88-0.90 g/cm 3 ;
  • the lubricant is a mixture of calcium stearate, polyethylene wax and methyl bis-stearic acid amide in a weight ratio of 1:3:1;
  • Step two mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder to shear and mix the material in the molten state under the rotation of the screw; the barrel of the twin-screw extruder
  • the temperature between the feed port and the extrusion die is 155-165 ° C, 175-178 ° C, 185-188 ° C, 195-200 ° C, and the temperature of the extrusion die is 190-210 ° C; That is, the protective cover 2 of the car reversing automatic brake device is obtained.
  • Table 3 The effect of the implementation is shown in Table 3.
  • the protective sleeve 2 prepared by the method of the present embodiment has a wear resistance of 5000, which is greater than the 4500 in the first embodiment and the 4600 in the second embodiment, and the toughness and resistance are improved.
  • the deformation performance performance also reached the level of ⁇ , and the effect was remarkably better than that of the embodiment and the embodiment 2, and an unexpected technical effect was achieved.
  • the inventors believe that the selection of components in the present embodiment, including the selection of raw materials, flame retardants, compatibilizers, and lubricants, has particularity;
  • the embodiment relates to a method for preparing a protective cover 2 for an automobile reverse automatic braking device, and the method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Take the following parts by weight: 100 parts of polyethylene resin, 3.5 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 7 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 2.5 parts of barium stearate, 9 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, graphite 1.2 2.5 parts of EPDM rubber, 4 parts of flame retardant, 2.5 parts of compatibilizer, 2 parts of lubricant; flame retardant is 1:1 mixture of pentabromobenzyl acrylate and decabromodiphenyl ether.
  • the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene
  • the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene has a melt index of 2-2.3 g/min, a density of 0.88-0.90 g/cm 3
  • the lubricant is calcium stearate.
  • polyethylene wax and methyl bis-stearic acid amide are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:3:1;
  • Step two mixing the components in the first step, and then adding to the barrel of the screw extruder to shear and mix the material in the molten state under the rotation of the screw; the barrel of the twin-screw extruder
  • the temperature between the feed port and the extrusion die is 160 ° C, 176 ° C, 186 ° C, 198 ° C, and the temperature of the extrusion die is 200 ° C.
  • the protective cover of the car reversing automatic brake device is obtained. 2.
  • Table 8 The effect of the implementation is shown in Table 8.
  • the inventors have found that the toughness and deformation resistance performance of the protective cover 2 prepared by the method of the present embodiment all reach the level of ⁇ , and the effect is remarkably better than that of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, and the realization is more unexpected.
  • Technical effect In order to analyze the reason, the inventors have unexpectedly found that this unexpected technical effect can be achieved when the preparation temperature is specially selected. Specifically, the barrel of the twin-screw extruder is fed from the feed port to the extrusion die.
  • the partial temperature is 160 ° C, 176 ° C, 186 ° C, 198 ° C, and the temperature of the extrusion die is 200 ° C; after cooling molding; the specific temperature selection in this embodiment makes the molecular contact of each component more sufficient, so that the material Microscopic morphology changes, can form a similar network structure, enhance the wear resistance and toughness of the material.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置，包括钢丝拉线和套设于钢丝拉线的拉线套，拉线套一端设有螺纹管，螺纹管与钢丝拉线之间设有保护套，保护包括如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3-4份，二硫化钼6-8份，硬脂酸钡2-3份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷8-10份，石墨1-1.5份，三元乙丙橡胶2-3份，阻燃剂3-5份，相容剂2-3份，润滑剂1-3份。与现有技术相比，本发明提供的汽车倒车自动刹车装置在钢丝拉线及螺纹管之间设置保护套，且保护套具有非常好的耐磨性，韧性，能够长时间使用不变形，同时还具有显著的阻燃性，使得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的安全性能和使用寿命得到极大提升。

Description

无标题
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000003
汽车倒车自动刹车装置
技术领域
本发明涉及刹车装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置。
背景技术
随着经济的发展，汽车的保有量越来越多，汽车的使用安全问题也越来越严峻，尤其在驾驶员在进行倒车操作时，由于车辆配置以及视线、驾驶员的注意力等因素的影响，驾驶员往往无法准确地进行定位和制动，极易造成事故发生。
为方便驾驶员进行倒车操作，汽车制造厂商研发出了各种技术；如在车辆中控面板上增加可视化系统，或增设倒车雷达警报系统等等，但是这些技术只是给驾驶员提供辅助判断，在发生危险状况时，无法直接作用于汽车制动系统，避免危险的发生；科研人员进一步研发了直接作用于汽车制动系统的装置。
如中国专利申请201120156283.0披露的一种汽车倒车防撞器，汽车倒车防撞器由超声波收发器、显示器、喇叭、解除开关、主控制器和伺服器组成的自动刹车倒车装置，其中刹车制动装置是由电磁阀、电机、齿轮、齿条套与钢丝拉线和拉线套组成，由钢丝拉线拉动刹车踏板实现刹车，该套装置的齿条套如果便用时间过久后会发生变形，由于马达工作时瞬间产生的力量很大，很容易将变形的齿条套拉裂而造成不能将车刹住，安全性能低，齿条套的使用寿命短，提高了使用成本，齿条套安装拆卸费时费力，工作量大。可见现有技术中的汽车倒车防撞器结构并不完善，存在很大的安全隐患。
本发明人结合现有技术，研发出了新型的汽车倒车自动刹车装置，的汽车倒车自动刹车装置，包括主控制器、分别与主控制器相连的接触开关、喇叭、伺服器、显示器和超声波收发器，超声波收发器分别与喇叭和显示器电连接，伺服器与刹车总线相连，伺服器包括护套、固定连接在护套内的电磁阀、通过螺钉固定连接在护套内的齿轮齿条套定位 板、固定连接在齿轮齿条套定位板下方的马达、固定连接在马达上的马达小齿轮且通过齿轮齿条套定位板上的小孔固定、固定连接在齿轮齿条套定位板上的大齿轮、通过轴固定连接在大齿轮上的小齿轮、设置在齿轮齿条套定位板上的齿条套，马达小齿轮与大齿轮平行且小齿轮与齿条套平行，齿条套的前端通过护套内的圆孔固定，齿条套后端与小齿轮啮合定位，齿条套前端两侧分别固定连接有第一减震橡胶套与第二减震橡胶套，齿条套上镶有一根与刹车总线固定连接有一根外侧套有拉线套的钢丝拉线，护套的前端设有拉线套固定片且通过上下护套来固定，拉线套的最前端位于护套顶端且通过上下护套固定，护套的中部设有用于定位齿条套的行程定位挡板，齿条套的底端设置成一封闭结构，齿条套的顶端设有供齿条套在护套内做直线运动的限位槽，护套内活动连接有一组便于电磁阀安装的安装块，安装块的前端设有卡槽，安装块的后端设有卡条，护套的内侧壁上设有至少两条与卡条相配合的固定槽，卡槽的底端为圆弧形，还包括与主控制器固定连接的摄像头，摄像头分别与喇叭和显示器电连接。本发明人发明的汽车倒车自动刹车装置将齿条套的底端设置成一封闭的结构，只通过齿条套中部设有的限位槽来控制齿条套在护套内做直线运动，有效的提高了齿条套的抗拉强度，有效的减少了齿条套在使用时的变形量，提高了齿条套的使用寿命，有效的保证了刹车的可靠性，使用效果好，减少了因齿条套损坏带来的检修工作量，降低了生产成本，实用性能好，并通过摄像头进行汽车行驶过程中是否有障碍物进行检测，有效的提高了刹车的准确性，安全性能更好，操作简单。
但是，在使用过程中，本发明人发现：拉线套的一端设置有螺纹管，一端是背离伺服器的那一端，螺纹管与钢丝拉线会产生摩擦，钢丝拉线与螺纹管长时间摩擦，会造成螺纹管和钢丝拉线均发生损耗，极端情况下，会造成钢丝拉线断裂，进而造成汽车倒车自动刹车装置失效，发生意外事故。因此，非常有必须在螺纹管和钢丝拉线增加防护措施。本发明经过研发，发现在螺纹管和钢丝拉线之间设置一保护套，通过保护套来避免螺纹管和钢丝拉线直接发生接触，进而起到提升涉车装置安全性能之目的，由于螺纹管和钢丝拉线之间要发生摩擦接触，因此对保护套的耐磨性，韧性和耐形变性能等综合性能提出了较高的要求，本发明人选择了本领域常见的材质进行试验，发现其效果均不尽如人意，因此，本发明人对保护套的材质进行深入研发，以期发现一种综合性能优异，能满足汽车倒车自动刹车装置的特殊保护套。
发明内容
在下文中给出关于本发明的简要概述，以便提供关于本发明的某些方面的基本理解。应当理解，这个概述并不是关于本发明的穷举性概述。它并不是意图确定本发明的关键或重要部分，也不是意图限定本发明的范围。其目的仅仅是以简化的形式给出某些概念，以此作为稍后论述的更详细描述的前序。
本发明的目的在于提供一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置。
本发明提供一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置，包括主控制器、分别与主控制器相连的接触开关、喇叭、伺服器、显示器和超声波收发器，超声波收发器分别与喇叭和显示器电连接，伺服器与刹车总线相连，伺服器包括钢丝拉线，套设于钢丝拉线的拉线套，其中拉线套一端设有螺纹管，螺纹管与钢丝拉线之间设有保护套，保护套包括如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3-4份，二硫化钼6-8份，硬脂酸钡2-3份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷8-10份，石墨1-1.5份，三元乙丙橡胶2-3份，阻燃剂3-5份，相容剂2-3份，润滑剂1-3份。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的汽车倒车自动刹车装置在钢丝拉线及螺纹管之间设置保护套，且保护套具有非常好的耐磨性，韧性，能够长时间使用不变形，同时还具有显著的阻燃性，使得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的安全性能和使用寿命得到极大提升。
附图说明
参照下面结合附图对本发明实施例的说明，会更加容易地理解本发明的以上和其它目的、特点和优点。附图中的部件只是为了示出本发明的原理。在附图中，相同的或类似的技术特征或部件将采用相同或类似的附图标记来表示。
图1为本发明实施例提供的汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的伺服器结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的固定件结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1—螺纹管             2—保护套     3—钢丝拉线
4—齿轮               5—步进电机   6—齿条
7—汽车刹车踏板支架   8—夹片       9—作用片
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来说明本发明的实施例。在本发明的一个附图或一种实施方式中描述的元素和特征可以与一个或更多个其它附图或实施方式中示出的元素和特征相结合。应当注意，为了清楚的目的，附图和说明中省略了与本发明无关的、本领域普通技术人员已知的部件和处理的表示和描述。
图1为本发明实施例提供的汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套的结构示意图。取本实施例提供的保护套2，将其设置于套设于钢丝拉线3上，进而在螺纹管1和钢丝拉线3之间形成一种间隔，当汽车倒车自动刹车装置运行时，螺纹管1和钢丝拉线3之间发生位移；由于保护套2的存在，避免了螺纹管1和钢丝拉线3之间直接发生接触，进而避免摩擦造成的螺纹管1和钢丝拉线3发生的损耗，大大提升了汽车倒车自动刹车装置的安全性能；由于保护套2设置在螺纹管1和钢丝拉线3之间，当螺纹管1和钢丝拉线3间发生位移时，会使得保护套2承受一个较大的压力，同时会有大量的热量产生，这就使得保护套2的材质能够有较好的耐磨性和耐形变性能，同时要有较好的韧性和阻燃性，否则使用较长时间后保护套2发生老化出现意外破裂，存在较大的安全隐患。
本发明人分别选择了常用的PE(聚乙烯)材质和PVC(聚氯乙烯)材质制备保护套2，与本发明提供的保护套2进行对比，以验证相关的性能；具体而言，分别选用PE材质，PVC材质，本实施例的材质制备相同规格的保护套2，套设于汽车倒车自动刹车装置中进行实验。在本实施例中，选择同样规格的汽车倒车自动刹车装置，进行人工模拟刹车，使得螺纹管1和钢丝拉线3发生模拟刹车相同的位移，观察保护套2表面结构变化，以出现明显裂痕为基准，测试各种材质的耐磨性；以模拟刹车相同次数为基准，测试材料的韧性和耐形变性能，韧性以满足模拟刹车次数后折断受力大小进行对比，受力越大才折断的，韧性越好；耐形变性能，以 满足模拟刹车次数后热量导致保护套2的形变来判断，保护套2形变大的，则耐形变性能差。同时在对本发明不同材质制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能进行比较时，以△表示性能的等级，△越多，表示该项性能指标越好。
实施例1
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2，保护套2包括如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3份，二硫化钼6份，硬脂酸钡2份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷8份，石墨1份，三元乙丙橡胶2份，阻燃剂3份，相容剂2份，润滑剂1份；
阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯，相容剂为丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，润滑剂为N，N-乙撑双硬脂酸酰胺。
保护套2采用如下制备方法：
步骤一、取上述重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3份，二硫化钼6份，硬脂酸钡2份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷8份，石墨1份，三元乙丙橡胶2份，阻燃剂3份，相容剂2份，润滑剂1份；阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯，相容剂为丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，润滑剂为N，N-乙撑双硬脂酸酰胺；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为155-160℃，175-180℃，185-190℃，195-200℃，挤出口模的温度为200-210℃；之后冷却成型，即得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。
实施效果：
表1
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000005
由表1可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到4700，高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，同时模拟3000次刹车后，本发明制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均好于PE材质和PVC材质，具有意想不到的技术效果。
实施例2
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2，保护套2包括如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.3份，二硫化钼6.5份，硬脂酸钡2.3份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9份，石墨1.2份，三元乙丙橡胶2.3份，阻燃剂4份，相容剂2.3份，润滑剂2份；
阻燃剂为十溴联苯醚，相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯且熔融指数为1.4-2.4g/min，密度为0.88-0.91g/cm3，润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡。
保护套2采用如下制备方法：
步骤一、取上述重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.3份，二硫化钼6.5份，硬脂酸钡2.3份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9份，石墨1.2份，三元乙丙橡胶2.3份，阻燃剂4份，相容剂2.3份，润滑剂2份；阻燃剂为十溴联苯醚，相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯且熔融指数为1.4-2.4g/min，密度为0.88-0.91g/cm3，润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为155-160℃，175-180℃，185-190℃，195-200℃，挤出口模的温度为200-210℃；之后冷却成型，即得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。
实施效果：
表2
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000007
由表2可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到4900，远高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，同时模拟3000次刹车后，本发明制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均好于PE材质和PVC材质，具有意想不到的技术效果。
实施例3
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2，保护套2包括如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.5份，二硫化钼7份，硬脂酸钡2.5份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9份，石墨1.2份，三元乙丙橡胶2.5份，阻燃剂4份，相容剂2.5份，润滑剂2份；
阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯和十溴联苯醚按重量比为1:1混合组成，相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯的熔融指数为2-2.3g/min，密度为0.88-0.90g/cm3，润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯蜡和甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺按重量比为1:3:1混合组成。
保护套2采用如下制备方法：
步骤一、取上述重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.5份，二硫化钼7份，硬脂酸钡2.5份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9份，石墨1.2份，三元乙丙橡胶2.5份，阻燃剂4份，相容剂2.5份，润滑剂2份；阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯和十溴联苯醚按重量比为1:1混合组成，相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯，所述马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯的熔融指数为2-2.3g/min，密度为0.88-0.90g/cm3，润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯蜡和甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺按重量比为1:3:1混合组成；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为155-160℃，175-180℃，185-190℃，195-200℃，挤出口模的温度为200-210℃；之后冷却成型，即得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。
实施效果：
表3
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000008
由表3可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到5700，远高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，同时模拟3000次刹车后，本发明制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均好于PE材质和PVC材质，具有意想不到的技术效果。
实施例4
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2，保护套2包括如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.8份，二硫化钼7.7份，硬脂酸钡2.8份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9.5份，石墨1.3份，三元乙丙橡胶2.8份，阻燃剂4.5份，相容剂2.7份，润滑剂2.5份；
阻燃剂为氢氧化镁，相容剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝马来酸酐，润滑剂为甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺。
保护套2采用如下制备方法：
步骤一、取上述重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.5份，二硫化钼7份，硬脂酸钡2.5份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9份，石墨1.2份，三元乙丙橡胶2.5份，阻燃剂4份，相容剂2.5份，润滑剂2份；阻燃剂为氢氧化镁，相容剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝马来酸酐，润滑剂为甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为155-160℃，175-180℃，185-190℃，195-200℃，挤出口模的温度为200-210℃；之后冷却成型，即得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。
实施效果：
表4
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000009
由表4可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到5000，远高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，同时模拟3000次刹车后，本发明制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均好于PE材质和PVC材质，具有意想不到的技术效果。
实施例5
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2，保护套2包括如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯4份，二硫化钼8份，硬脂酸钡3份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷10份，石墨1.5份，三元乙丙橡胶3份，阻燃剂5份，相容剂3份，润滑剂3份；
阻燃剂丙烯酸五溴苄酯，相容剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝马来酸酐，润滑剂为硬脂酸钙。
保护套2采用如下制备方法：
步骤一、取上述重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯4份，二硫化钼8份，硬脂酸钡3份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷10份，石墨1.5份，三元乙丙橡胶3份，阻燃剂5份，相容剂3份，润滑剂3份；阻燃剂丙烯酸五溴苄酯，相容剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝马来酸酐，润滑剂为硬脂酸钙；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为155-160℃， 175-180℃，185-190℃，195-200℃，挤出口模的温度为200-210℃；之后冷却成型，即得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。
实施效果：
表5
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000010
由表5可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到4600，高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，同时模拟3000次刹车后，本发明制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均好于PE材质和PVC材质，具有意想不到的技术效果。
根据上述实验值可知，当保护套2由如下组合物：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.5份，二硫化钼7份，硬脂酸钡2.5份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9份，石墨1.2份，三元乙丙橡胶2.5份，阻燃剂4份，相容剂2.5份，润滑剂2份；阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯和十溴联苯醚按重量比为1:1混合组成，相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯，所述马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯的熔融指数为2-2.3g/min，密度为0.88-0.90g/cm3，润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯蜡和甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺按重量比为1:3:1混合物制备而成时，很显然地看出实施例3中提供的保护套2在耐磨性可达到5700次，比其他实施例的耐磨性上有着较大提升，同时在韧性和耐形变性能也到达最高的△△△△△级别，实现了意想不到的技术效果。分析其原因，本发明人认为，本实施例中的组分选择，包括原料，阻燃剂，相容剂，润滑剂的选择均具有特殊性。
润滑剂从作用机理可以分为内润滑剂和外润滑剂。内润滑剂熔点低，与基体聚合物相容性优，作用于基体树脂的分子链之间，使分子链更易解缠结和滑动，表观上提高产品的流动性；外润滑剂熔点高，与基体树脂相容性低；硬脂酸钙兼有内外润滑作用；对于PVC和其它的外部润滑剂相比,聚乙烯蜡具有更强的内部润滑作用；甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺不但具有很好的外 部润滑作用，而且具有很好的内部润滑作用，本申请的发明人经过大量研究，意外发现当润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯蜡和甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺按重量比为1:3:1混合而成时，这种复合润滑剂能够发生协同作用，有效促进整个组合物性能提升，使得最终制备的材质用于保护套2时呈现非常显著的性能；本发明人亦发现，若只采用硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯蜡和甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺中一种或两种作为润滑剂，或采用三种组合，但重量比例进行调整，其余条件不变时，都无法实现本实施例之特殊的性能提升；可见，硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯蜡和甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺这种特定的组合方式，结合特定的重量比混合，在本发明中产生意想不到的协同作用，实现了意想不到的技术效果；
同时，当阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯和十溴联苯醚按重量比为1:1混合而得，相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯的熔融指数为2-2.3g/min，密度为0.88-0.90g/cm3时，润滑剂一起配合，接合本实施例中其他原料进行混合，最终制备的保护套2性能特别优异；
可见，本发明中组分及含量的选择都是非显而易见的，正是这些组分和含量的选择，互相发生协同作用，最终才能使得制备的保护套2具有优异的性能，满足实践的需求；因此，本发明的技术方案是非显而易见的。
同时，本领域技术人员知晓，本发明中，阻燃剂优选为丙烯酸五溴苄酯，氢氧化镁，氢氧化铝，十溴联苯醚中一种或几种的混合；但现有技术中其余的阻燃剂亦可以适用本发明的方案，在本发明的保护范围之内。
同时，本领域技术人员知晓，本发明中，相容剂为丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝马来酸酐或马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯；但现有技术中其余的相容剂亦可以适用本发明的方案，在本发明的保护范围之内。
同时，本领域技术人员知晓，本发明中，润滑剂为硬脂酸，硬脂酸盐，硅油，蜡油，石蜡，聚乙烯蜡、季戊四醇酯、乙撑双硬酯酰胺、硬脂酸酰胺、甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺、N，N-乙撑双硬脂酸酰胺中的一种或几种的混合；但现有技术中其余的润滑剂亦可以适用本发明的方案，在本发明的保护范围之内。
经进一步研究，本发明人发现当对保护套的长度、内外径大小等参数的设置，可取得意想不到的效果。
优选地，保护套2的长度为35-42mm。
本发明提供的汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2在安装时，将保护套 2用工装夹具按规定长度剪下来后，将保护套2塞入螺纹管1内，同时套设于钢丝拉线3上。本发明提供的保护套2长度值设定在35-42mm之间，当保护套2长度值小于35mm时，会导致保护套2延伸出螺纹管1的长度过短，在使用过程中依旧会出现钢丝拉线3与螺纹管1相互磨损；当保护套2长度值大于42mm时，会导致保护套2延伸出螺纹管1的长度过长，在使用过程中保护套2会撞击到钢丝拉线3在车架上的固定端，使保护套2受到损害。进一步地，保护套2的长度优选为40mm时，保护套2的使用效果达到最佳。
优选地，保护套2延伸出螺纹管1的长度为3.5-4.5mm。
在本实施例中，保护套2设置于螺纹管1内，同时套设于钢丝拉线3上，保护套2的一端延伸出螺纹管1，保护套2延伸出螺纹管1的长度为3.5-4.5mm，保护套2延伸出螺纹管1的长度小于3.5mm时，会导致保护套2延伸出螺纹管1的长度过短，在使用过程中依旧会出现钢丝拉线3与螺纹管1相互磨损；保护套2延伸出螺纹管1的长度大于4.5mm时，会导致保护套2延伸出螺纹管1的长度过长，在使用过程中保护套2会撞击到钢丝拉线3在车架上的固定端，使保护套2受到损害。
优选地，保护套2的外径直径为2.8-3.2mm，保护套2的内孔径为2.3-2.4mm。
在本实施例中，保护套2的外径直径为2.8-3.2mm，比本发明中螺纹管1的内径小1-2mm，这样可确保保护套2便于放置在螺纹管1内部，同时又不会使保护套2与螺纹管1之间间隙过大，从而引起保护套2脱落。同时，可在保护套2位于螺纹管1内部的一端上设有纹路，再加上螺纹管1内孔是不光滑的，将保护套2塞进去后，因为表面有摩擦，所以不会轻易脱落；保护套2的内孔径为2.3-2.4mm，且大于钢丝拉线3的直径，因此钢丝拉线3运动不会带动保护套2运动，进而保护套2能够牢固固定于螺纹管1内。
本发明还涉及汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2的制备方法，具体如下：
实施例5
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2的制备方法，方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一、取如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯 3份，二硫化钼6份，硬脂酸钡2份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷8份，石墨1份，三元乙丙橡胶2份，阻燃剂3份，相容剂2份，润滑剂1份；阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯，相容剂为丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，润滑剂为N，N-乙撑双硬脂酸酰胺；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为150-160℃，170-175℃，180-185℃，190-200℃，挤出口模的温度为180-190℃；之后冷却成型制成管状的保护套2，即为汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。
由表5可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到4500，远高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，同时模拟3000次刹车后，本发明制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均好于PE材质和PVC材质，具有意想不到的技术效果。
表5
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000011
实施例6
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2的制备方法，方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一、取如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯4份，二硫化钼8份，硬脂酸钡3份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷10份，石墨1.5份，三元乙丙橡胶3份，阻燃剂5份，相容剂3份，润滑剂3份；阻燃剂为氢氧化镁，相容剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝马来酸酐，润滑剂为甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处 理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为160-170℃，175-180℃，185-190℃，200-210℃，挤出口模的温度为210-220℃；之后冷却成型，即得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。
由表6可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到4600，远高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，同时模拟3000次刹车后，本发明制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均好于PE材质和PVC材质，具有意想不到的技术效果。
表6
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000012
实施例7
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2的制备方法，方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一、取如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.5份，二硫化钼7份，硬脂酸钡2.5份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9份，石墨1.2份，三元乙丙橡胶2.5份，阻燃剂4份，相容剂2.5份，润滑剂2份；
阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯和十溴联苯醚按重量比为1:1混合而得；
相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯的熔融指数为2-2.3g/min，密度为0.88-0.90g/cm3；
润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯蜡和甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺按重量比为1:3:1混合而成；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为155-165℃，175-178℃，185-188℃，195-200℃，挤出口模的温度为190-210℃；之后冷却成型，即得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。实施效果如表3。由表3可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到5000，远高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，同时模拟3000次刹车后，本发明制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均好于PE材质和PVC材质，具有意想不到的技术效果。
表7
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000013
同时，发明人发现，本实施例的方法制备的保护套2套耐磨性达到5000，比实施例1中的4500次和实施例2中的4600次均有较大的提升，同时韧性和耐形变性能性能也达到△△△△级别，效果显著好于实施例和实施例2，实现了意想不到的技术效果。分析其原因，本发明人认为，本实施例中的组分选择，包括原料，阻燃剂，相容剂，润滑剂的选择均具有特殊性；
实施例8
本实施例涉及一种汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2的制备方法，方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一、取如下重量份数的各组分：聚乙烯树脂100份，聚四氟乙烯3.5份，二硫化钼7份，硬脂酸钡2.5份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷9份，石 墨1.2份，三元乙丙橡胶2.5份，阻燃剂4份，相容剂2.5份，润滑剂2份；阻燃剂为丙烯酸五溴苄酯和十溴联苯醚按重量比为1:1混合而得，相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯的熔融指数为2-2.3g/min，密度为0.88-0.90g/cm3；润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、聚乙烯蜡和甲撑双硬脂酸酰胺按重量比为1:3:1混合而成；
步骤二、将步骤一中的各组分进行混合，之后加入螺杆挤出机料筒处理，在螺杆旋转作用下使物料在熔融状态下受到剪切和混合；上述双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为160℃，176℃，186℃，198℃，挤出口模的温度为200℃；之后冷却成型，即得汽车倒车自动刹车装置的保护套2。实施效果如表8。
由表8可知，本实施例制备的保护套2耐磨性达到5800，远高于PE材质的3000次和PVC材质的3500次，也比实施例3的5000有了非常显著的提升，是实施例3的116％；同时模拟3000次刹车后，本实施例制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能均显著好于PE材质和PVC材质，同时也显著优于实施例1-3，具有意想不到的技术效果。
表8
Figure PCTCN2015077292-appb-000014
发明人发现，本实施例的方法制备的保护套2的韧性和耐形变性能性能均达到△△△△△级别，效果显著好于实施例1，实施例2和实施3，实现了更加意想不到的技术效果。分析其原因，本发明人意外发现，在制备的温度进行特殊选择时才能实现这一意想不到的技术效果，具体而言，双螺杆挤出机的料筒自进料口至挤出口模之间的部分温度依次为160℃，176℃，186℃，198℃，挤出口模的温度为200℃；之后冷却成型；本实施例中特定的温度选择使得各组分的分子接触更加充分，使得材料的微观形态发生改变，能够比较好的形成类似网状结构，增强材料的耐磨性和韧

Claims (1)

  1. 性,更利于各组分之间融合发生协同作用，提升材料的相关性能；可见，制备原料组分和含量的选择必须要结合特定的加工温度，才能最终实现最优的效果，实现更加意想不到的技术效果。
    可见，本发明中组分及含量的选择都是非显而易见的，正是这些组分和含量的选择，互相发生协同作用，再结合特定的加工方法，形成一个完整的技术体系，最终才能使得制备的保护套2具有优异的性能，满足实践的需求；因此，本发明的技术方案是非显而易见的。
    下文结合本发明提供的汽车倒车自动刹车装置运用在电动汽车上的实施例来进一步阐述汽车倒车自动刹车装置的结构、原理及其显著效果。
    如图3所示，用于电动汽车的汽车倒车自动刹车装置，包括控制器，分别与控制器相连的超声波探头和伺服器，伺服器包括步进电机5，与步进电机5连接的小齿轮，与小齿轮配合使用的大齿轮，与大齿轮同轴固定的齿轮4，与齿轮4配合使用的齿条6，与齿条6固定连接的钢丝拉线3，钢丝拉线3上套设有护线套，护线套背离伺服器的一端设有螺纹管1，螺纹管1与电动汽车刹车踏板的支架7通过固定件固定连接，超声波探头分别设置在电动汽车的车头与车尾，超声波探头距离地面的高度值设定为55cm-60cm。
    在本实施例中，电动汽车前后自动刹车装置包括控制器，分别与控制器相连的超声波探头、伺服器。超声波探头分别安装在电动汽车的车头和车尾，用来采集车头和车尾状况信息，并及时将信息发送给控制器，控制器进行信息处理，然后给出相应的指令，让伺服器去执行相应的操作。伺服器中包括步进电机5，与步进电机5连接的小齿轮，与小齿轮配合使用的大齿轮，与大齿轮同轴固定的齿轮4，与齿轮4配合使用的齿条6，其中步进电机5可以准确地控制齿轮4运动的圈数，进而控制齿条6移动的距离，再进一步控制钢丝拉线3伸缩的距离。钢丝拉线3上设有护线套，护线套背离伺服器的一端设有螺纹管1，螺纹管1与电动汽车刹车踏板支架7通过固定件固定连接，通过钢丝拉线3的运动，实现护线套与固定件的相对运动，最终实现控制电动汽车的制动器，实现逐级减速。经试验证明，当超声波探头距离地面的高度值设定为55cm-60cm，可避免一些不会影响行车安全的障碍物触发电动汽车前后自动刹车装置，使汽车实现自动制动导致的行车故障。本实施例提供的电动汽车前后自动刹车装置可显著地提高驾驶员的行车和倒车安全系数。
    进一步地，固定件包括两个及以上的夹片8和与夹片8一侧固定连接 的作用片9，作用片9上设有通孔和通透的凹槽，通孔的直径大于螺纹管的外径。
    在本实施例中，固定件优选为包括两个及以上的夹片8和与夹片8一侧固定连接的作用片9。夹片8分别放置在电动汽车刹车踏板支架7上，作用片9与一侧的夹片8固定连接在一起，电动汽车刹车踏板支架7两侧的夹片8和作用片9通过螺栓等固定机构进行固定。作用片9成L形。一侧上设有通透的凹槽，用来与夹片8固定，另一侧设有孔，且该孔的直径大于护线套的直径，这样可以通过螺纹管1，实现了伺服器控制电动汽车刹车踏板支架7的运动，进而实现自动制动功能。这里的夹片8数量不限，在空间位置允许的条件下，可以增加夹片8的个数来增加电动汽车前后自动刹车装置的安全系数。
    进一步地，每个夹片8上设置有多个通孔。
    在本实施例中，每个夹片8上设置有多个通孔，其目的在于满足不同款式和类型的电动汽车的使用。因为不同款式和类型的电动汽车制动器的性能不同，有的灵敏度高一些，有的低一些，这样可灵活地满足多样的电动汽车。
    进一步地，夹片8上相邻通孔之间距离相等。
    在本实施例中，进一步限定夹片8上相邻通孔之间距离相等，这样不仅可便于电动汽车前后自动刹车装置的精确安装和夹片8的制造，还可以使夹片8在相同数量通孔的情况下安全系数达到最佳，进而使电动汽车前后自动刹车装置的安全系数增加。
    进一步地，位于车头的相邻超声波探头之间距离相同，位于车尾的相邻超声波探头之间距离相同。
    在本实施例中，位于车头的相邻超声波探头之间距离相同，位于车尾的相邻超声波探头之间距离相同，这样可提高超声波探头的使用程度，节约成本。
    进一步地，距离设定值为30cm-40cm。
    在本实施例中，优选相邻超声波探头之间的距离为30cm-40cm。经试验发现，当相邻超声波探头之间的距离为30cm-40cm之间时，尤其距离为35cm时超声波探头的盲区达到最小，即相邻超声波探头检测的范围为最大，极大地增加了电动汽车前后自动刹车装置的可靠性。
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