WO2016098552A1 - 多孔性支持体、複合半透膜、及びスパイラル型分離膜エレメント - Google Patents
多孔性支持体、複合半透膜、及びスパイラル型分離膜エレメント Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016098552A1 WO2016098552A1 PCT/JP2015/083169 JP2015083169W WO2016098552A1 WO 2016098552 A1 WO2016098552 A1 WO 2016098552A1 JP 2015083169 W JP2015083169 W JP 2015083169W WO 2016098552 A1 WO2016098552 A1 WO 2016098552A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- nonwoven fabric
- polymer
- porous support
- polysulfone
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 131
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 48
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 32
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- -1 amidole Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 3
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- JSYBAZQQYCNZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,4-triamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C(N)=C1 JSYBAZQQYCNZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000110 poly(aryl ether sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQBNGMRDYGPUOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,3-n-dimethylbenzene-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC(NC)=C1 UQBNGMRDYGPUOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAHPQISAXRFLCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Diaminoanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N BAHPQISAXRFLCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSMWYRLQHIXVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CC1CNC(C)CN1 NSMWYRLQHIXVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C=CC=C1N RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITTFEPALADGOBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylpropanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound CCCCC(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O ITTFEPALADGOBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPOVOSHRRIJKBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylpropanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound CCC(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O IPOVOSHRRIJKBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLNSYGKGQFHSNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propylpropanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound CCCC(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O MLNSYGKGQFHSNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNSVHYQBYNMMHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chlorosulfonylphthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C1C(O)=O CNSVHYQBYNMMHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNIZQCLFRCBEGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylbenzene-1,2-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C(Cl)=O GNIZQCLFRCBEGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GKXVJHDEWHKBFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN GKXVJHDEWHKBFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YARQLHBOIGUVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,3-trisulfonyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C1S(Cl)(=O)=O YARQLHBOIGUVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBGQXNZTVFEKEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2-disulfonyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(Cl)(=O)=O YBGQXNZTVFEKEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPHKINMPYFJSCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-triamine Chemical compound NC1=CC(N)=CC(N)=C1 RPHKINMPYFJSCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BZFATHSFIGBGOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1,1-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C(Cl)=O)(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O BZFATHSFIGBGOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- XWALRFDLDRDCJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutane-1,1,2,2-tetracarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1(C(Cl)=O)CCC1(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O XWALRFDLDRDCJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXLCHRQXLFIZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutane-1,1-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1(C(Cl)=O)CCC1 LXLCHRQXLFIZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBWUKDMYLKXAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1,2-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1CCCCC1(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O PBWUKDMYLKXAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLCGVCXKDYTMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1(C(Cl)=O)CCCCC1 MLCGVCXKDYTMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCC(N)C1 GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCC(N)CC1 VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXMNNZFVFSGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,1,2,2-tetracarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1(C(Cl)=O)CCCC1(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O DCXMNNZFVFSGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JREFGECMMPJUHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,1,2-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1CCCC1(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O JREFGECMMPJUHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYLFLXVROAGUFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,1-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1(C(Cl)=O)CCCC1 YYLFLXVROAGUFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRMQURWQJQPUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopropane-1,1,2-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1CC1(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O CRMQURWQJQPUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- OCIDXARMXNJACB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-phenylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 OCIDXARMXNJACB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- WUQGUKHJXFDUQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(Cl)=O)C(C(=O)Cl)=CC=C21 WUQGUKHJXFDUQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSHSZIMRIAJWRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1CCOC1C(Cl)=O LSHSZIMRIAJWRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTAAPVANJNSBGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1,1-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCC(C(Cl)=O)(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O MTAAPVANJNSBGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHAIYFTVRRTBNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazin-1-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCN1CCNCC1 GHAIYFTVRRTBNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VLRIRAGKJXODNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1,1-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound CCC(C(Cl)=O)(C(Cl)=O)C(Cl)=O VLRIRAGKJXODNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-aminoethyl)amine Chemical compound NCCN(CCN)CCN MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/10—Spiral-wound membrane modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/10—Spiral-wound membrane modules
- B01D63/107—Specific properties of the central tube or the permeate channel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/106—Membranes in the pores of a support, e.g. polymerized in the pores or voids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/107—Organic support material
- B01D69/1071—Woven, non-woven or net mesh
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
- B01D69/1251—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction by interfacial polymerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/285—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/286—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysulphones; polysulfides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/28—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/46—Impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/026—Porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/04—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply for obtaining ultra-pure water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/14—Paint wastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
- C02F2103/365—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds from petrochemical industry (e.g. refineries)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a porous support having a polymer porous layer on one side of a nonwoven fabric layer, a composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer on the surface of the porous support, and a spiral separation membrane using the composite semipermeable membrane Regarding elements.
- Composite semipermeable membrane and spiral separation membrane elements are used for the production of ultrapure water, desalination of brackish water or seawater, etc. It is possible to remove and recover the pollution sources or effective substances contained in the water and contribute to the closure of waste water. Moreover, it can be used for advanced treatments such as concentration of active ingredients in food applications and removal of harmful components in water purification and sewage applications. It can also be used for wastewater treatment in oil fields, shale gas fields, and the like.
- Composite semipermeable membranes are called RO (reverse osmosis) membranes, NF (nanofiltration) membranes, and FO (forward osmosis) membranes depending on their filtration performance and treatment methods.
- RO reverse osmosis
- NF nanofiltration
- FO forward osmosis
- the composite semipermeable membrane a skin layer formed on a porous support is used.
- a porous support body the thing which has a polymer porous layer in the single side
- a porous support is formed by applying a polymer solution (dope) for forming a polymer porous layer onto a long nonwoven fabric layer, and then immersing the nonwoven fabric layer having the dope film in a coagulation bath to form a microscopic film on the dope film.
- a polymer solution for forming a polymer porous layer onto a long nonwoven fabric layer
- a coagulation bath for coagulation bath
- Produced by causing phase separation and immobilizing the porous structure of the polymer to form a polymeric porous layer on the nonwoven layer.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a separation membrane comprising a long base material having fluid permeability and a separation layer formed on the surface of the base material.
- Patent Document 2 is a non-woven fabric mainly composed of organic synthetic fibers, and is a non-woven fabric for a semipermeable membrane support that supports a semipermeable membrane on one surface of the non-woven fabric, and the semipermeable membrane is
- the nonwoven fabric to be coated is separated into two layers in the thickness direction and divided into a semipermeable membrane coated surface side layer and a semipermeable membrane noncoated surface side layer
- the semipermeable membrane coated surface side layer is What is 35 mass% or more and 70 mass% or less is proposed with respect to the sum total of this semipermeable membrane coating surface side layer and this semipermeable membrane non-coating surface side layer.
- the produced porous support was stored in a state of being wound on a roll, but there was also a problem of so-called “MD curl” that it was easy to get a curl when it was rewound.
- the present invention relates to a porous support excellent in salt-blocking properties and hardly wrinkled (MD curl is unlikely to occur), a composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer on the surface of the porous support, and the composite semipermeable
- An object of the present invention is to provide a spiral separation membrane element using a membrane.
- the present invention is a porous support having a polymer porous layer on one side of a nonwoven fabric layer
- the nonwoven fabric layer has a bending hardness in the MD direction of 1.2 to 2.1 g ⁇ cm 2 / cm and a bending recovery in the MD direction of 0.3 to 0.6 g ⁇ cm / cm
- the nonwoven fabric layer is impregnated with a polymer that is a material for forming a polymer porous layer, A porosity characterized in that the impregnation ratio of the polymer impregnated in the nonwoven fabric layer is 25 to 34% by weight with respect to the total weight of the polymer in the polymer porous layer and the polymer impregnated in the nonwoven fabric layer. Sex support.
- the present inventor can relieve the stress generated in the non-woven fabric layer when the porous support is unwound from the roll by impregnating the non-woven fabric layer with a polymer that is a material for forming the polymer porous layer more than before.
- a porous support can be obtained which is difficult to curl (MD curl is unlikely to occur).
- the nonwoven fabric layer one having a bending hardness in the MD direction of 1.2 to 2.1 g ⁇ cm 2 / cm and a bending recovery property in the MD direction of 0.3 to 0.6 g ⁇ cm / cm is used.
- the bending hardness is less than 1.2 g ⁇ cm 2 / cm, or when the bending recovery property is less than 0.3 g ⁇ cm / cm, when producing the porous support, the non-woven fabric layer is formed during line conveyance. Wrinkles are easily generated, and it becomes difficult to form a uniform polymer porous layer.
- the nonwoven fabric layer becomes too rigid or the nonwoven fabric itself is flat. Because of the weak force of becoming a composite semi-permeable membrane, it becomes difficult to cut or fold the composite semi-permeable membrane, and the amount of polymer impregnated in the nonwoven fabric layer is increased. As a result, the porous support is easily wrinkled.
- the impregnation rate of the polymer impregnated in the nonwoven fabric layer needs to be 25 to 34% by weight with respect to the total weight of the polymer in the polymer porous layer and the polymer impregnated in the nonwoven fabric layer.
- the impregnation ratio of the polymer is less than 25% by weight, the stress generated in the nonwoven fabric layer when the porous support is unwound from the roll cannot be sufficiently relaxed.
- the impregnation ratio of the polymer exceeds 34% by weight, defects are easily generated in the polymer porous layer, so that the salt blocking property is lowered.
- the polymer is preferably polysulfone.
- the present invention also relates to a composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer on the surface of the porous support, and a spiral separation membrane element using the composite semipermeable membrane.
- the porous support of the present invention is not only excellent in salt-blocking properties but also difficult to curl (MD curling is difficult to occur), so it has good transportability and workability in the production of a composite semipermeable membrane. Excellent.
- the porous support of the present invention has a polymer porous layer on one side of a nonwoven fabric layer.
- the nonwoven fabric layer one having a bending hardness in the MD direction of 1.2 to 2.1 g ⁇ cm 2 / cm and a bending recovery property in the MD direction of 0.3 to 0.6 g ⁇ cm / cm is used.
- the bending hardness in the MD direction is preferably 1.3 to 2.0 g ⁇ cm 2 / cm, and the bending recovery in the MD direction is preferably 0.35 to 0.55 g ⁇ cm / cm.
- the bending hardness in the MD direction of the nonwoven fabric layer is measured by the KES test method. Specifically, using a pure bending tester, the repulsive stress when a nonwoven fabric layer having a length of 10 cm and a width of 10 cm is bent in the length direction is measured, and the stress when the bending curvature is 2.5 is determined by bending hardness in the MD direction. Say it.
- the bending recovery property in the MD direction of the nonwoven fabric layer is measured by the KES test method. Specifically, using a pure bending tester, when measuring the repulsive stress when bending and returning a nonwoven fabric layer having a length of 10 cm and a width of 10 cm in the length direction, when the bending curvature is 2.5 The stress difference was taken as the bending recovery in the MD direction.
- the nonwoven fabric layer preferably has a basis weight of 65 to 95 g / m 2 in order to adjust the polymer impregnation rate to 25 to 34% by weight, and more preferably has a basis weight of 67 to 93 g. / m and those which are 2, also, it is preferable that air permeability used as a 0.8 ⁇ 3.5cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ s, more preferably air permeability 1.0 ⁇ 3.3 cm 3 / Cm 2 ⁇ s.
- the thickness of the nonwoven fabric layer is preferably about 50 to 120 ⁇ m, more preferably 57 to 117 ⁇ m.
- the material for the nonwoven fabric layer examples include polyolefin, polyester, cellulose, and the like, and a mixture of a plurality of materials may be used.
- polyester from the viewpoint of moldability.
- a long fiber nonwoven fabric or a short fiber nonwoven fabric can be used, it is preferable to use a long fiber nonwoven fabric from the viewpoint of few fine fuzz that causes pinhole defects and uniformity of the film surface.
- the polymer porous layer is not particularly limited as long as it can form a skin layer, but is usually a porous layer having a pore diameter of about 0.01 to 0.4 ⁇ m.
- the material for forming the polymer porous layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyaryl ether sulfones such as polysulfone and polyether sulfone, polyimide, and polyvinylidene fluoride.
- polysulfone or polyarylethersulfone is preferably used because it is chemically, mechanically, and thermally stable.
- the thickness of the polymer porous layer is not particularly limited, but if it is too thick, the flux is lowered. Therefore, the thickness is preferably 45 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 35 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 30 ⁇ m. It is as follows. On the other hand, if it is too thin, defects are likely to occur, and therefore it is preferably 16 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more.
- the formation method of the polysulfone porous layer is not particularly limited, but is usually formed by a wet method or a dry wet method. For example, applying a polysulfone solution (dope) onto the nonwoven layer, then immersing the nonwoven layer with the doped membrane in a coagulation bath to cause microphase separation in the doped membrane and immobilizing the polysulfone porous structure Thus, a polysulfone porous layer is formed on the nonwoven fabric layer.
- the polysulfone solution applied on the nonwoven fabric layer gradually penetrates into the nonwoven fabric layer, and the polysulfone is retained in the nonwoven fabric layer by the coagulation treatment.
- Examples of the solvent for the polysulfone solution include dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dioxane.
- the concentration of polysulfone in the polysulfone solution is usually about 10 to 30% by weight.
- the viscosity of the polysulfone solution is 500 It is preferably ⁇ 10,000 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 500 to 1,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the measuring method of a viscosity is based on description of an Example.
- the coating thickness of the polysulfone solution is appropriately adjusted in consideration of the amount of polysulfone impregnated in the nonwoven fabric layer and the thickness of the polysulfone porous layer to be formed.
- the polysulfone solution is adjusted on the nonwoven fabric layer.
- the time from the application to fixing the porous structure of polysulfone is appropriately adjusted. For example, when the above-mentioned nonwoven fabric layer and polysulfone solution are used, the time from the application of the polysulfone solution to the fixing of the polysulfone porous structure is usually about 0.1 to 15 seconds.
- the nonwoven fabric layer of the produced porous support is impregnated with polysulfone, and the impregnation ratio is 25 with respect to the total weight of the polysulfone in the polysulfone porous layer and the polysulfone impregnated in the nonwoven fabric layer. Is 34% by weight, preferably 27-31% by weight.
- the composite semipermeable membrane of the present invention has a skin layer on the surface of the porous support.
- the material for forming the skin layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, polyether, polyester, and polyamide.
- a skin layer containing a polyamide resin obtained by polymerizing a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halogen component is preferable.
- the polyfunctional amine component is a polyfunctional amine having two or more reactive amino groups, and examples thereof include aromatic, aliphatic, and alicyclic polyfunctional amines.
- aromatic polyfunctional amines include m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, o-phenylenediamine, 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, 1,2,4-triaminobenzene, and 3,5-diamino.
- aromatic polyfunctional amines include m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, o-phenylenediamine, 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, 1,2,4-triaminobenzene, and 3,5-diamino.
- examples include benzoic acid, 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene, N, N′-dimethyl-m-phenylenediamine, 2,4-diaminoanisole, amidole, xylylenediamine and the like.
- Examples of the aliphatic polyfunctional amine include ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, tris (2-aminoethyl) amine, and n-phenyl-ethylenediamine.
- Examples of the alicyclic polyfunctional amine include 1,3-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, piperazine, 2,5-dimethylpiperazine, 4-aminomethylpiperazine, and the like.
- polyfunctional amines may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In order to obtain a skin layer having a high salt inhibition performance, it is preferable to use an aromatic polyfunctional amine.
- the polyfunctional acid halide component is a polyfunctional acid halide having two or more reactive carbonyl groups.
- polyfunctional acid halide examples include aromatic, aliphatic, and alicyclic polyfunctional acid halides.
- aromatic polyfunctional acid halides include trimesic acid trichloride, terephthalic acid dichloride, isophthalic acid dichloride, biphenyl dicarboxylic acid dichloride, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid dichloride, benzene trisulfonic acid trichloride, benzene disulfonic acid dichloride, and chlorosulfonylbenzene dicarboxylic acid.
- An acid dichloride etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of the aliphatic polyfunctional acid halide include propanedicarboxylic acid dichloride, butanedicarboxylic acid dichloride, pentanedicarboxylic acid dichloride, propanetricarboxylic acid trichloride, butanetricarboxylic acid trichloride, pentanetricarboxylic acid trichloride, glutaryl halide, adipoid Examples include luhalides.
- Examples of the alicyclic polyfunctional acid halide include cyclopropane tricarboxylic acid trichloride, cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride, cyclopentane tricarboxylic acid trichloride, cyclopentane tetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride, cyclohexane tricarboxylic acid trichloride, and tetrahydrofuran.
- Examples thereof include tetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride, cyclopentane dicarboxylic acid dichloride, cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid dichloride, cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid dichloride, and tetrahydrofurandicarboxylic acid dichloride.
- polyfunctional acid halides may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- an aromatic polyfunctional acid halide it is preferable to use an aromatic polyfunctional acid halide.
- a polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone or polyacrylic acid, a polyhydric alcohol such as sorbitol or glycerin may be copolymerized.
- the method for forming the skin layer containing the polyamide-based resin on the surface of the porous support is not particularly limited, and any known method can be used.
- an interfacial condensation method is a method in which a skin layer is formed by bringing an aqueous amine solution containing a polyfunctional amine component into contact with an organic solution containing a polyfunctional acid halide component to cause interfacial polymerization.
- a method of directly forming a skin layer made of a polyamide-based resin on the porous support by the interfacial polymerization on the porous support Details of the conditions of the interfacial condensation method are described in JP-A-58-24303 and JP-A-1-180208, and those known techniques can be appropriately employed.
- an aqueous solution coating layer comprising an aqueous amine solution containing a polyfunctional amine component is formed on a porous support, and then an organic solution containing the polyfunctional acid halide component is contacted with the aqueous solution coating layer to perform interfacial polymerization.
- the method of forming a skin layer by making it preferable is preferable.
- the concentration of the polyfunctional amine component in the aqueous amine solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight.
- concentration of the polyfunctional amine component is less than 0.1% by weight, defects such as pinholes are likely to occur in the skin layer, and the salt blocking performance tends to decrease.
- concentration of the polyfunctional amine component exceeds 5% by weight, the film thickness becomes too thick and the permeation resistance tends to increase and the permeation flux tends to decrease.
- the concentration of the polyfunctional acid halide component in the organic solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 3% by weight. If the concentration of the polyfunctional acid halide component is less than 0.01% by weight, the unreacted polyfunctional amine component tends to remain, or defects such as pinholes are likely to occur in the skin layer, resulting in a decrease in salt blocking performance. Tend to. On the other hand, when the concentration of the polyfunctional acid halide component exceeds 5% by weight, the unreacted polyfunctional acid halide component tends to remain, or the film thickness becomes too thick to increase the permeation resistance, thereby increasing the permeation flux. It tends to decrease.
- the organic solvent used in the organic solution is not particularly limited as long as it has low solubility in water, does not deteriorate the porous support, and dissolves the polyfunctional acid halide component.
- cyclohexane, heptane, octane And saturated hydrocarbons such as nonane, and halogen-substituted hydrocarbons such as 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane is preferred.
- a saturated hydrocarbon having a boiling point of 300 ° C. or lower, more preferably a boiling point of 200 ° C. or lower.
- additives can be added to the amine aqueous solution and the organic solution for the purpose of facilitating film formation and improving the performance of the resulting composite semipermeable membrane.
- the additive include surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfate, and sodium laurylsulfate, sodium hydroxide that removes hydrogen halide generated by polymerization, trisodium phosphate, and triethylamine.
- surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfate, and sodium laurylsulfate
- sodium hydroxide that removes hydrogen halide generated by polymerization
- trisodium phosphate triethylamine.
- the time from application of the aqueous amine solution to the porous support to application of the organic solution is 15 seconds or less, depending on the composition of the aqueous amine solution, the viscosity, and the pore size of the surface of the porous support. Preferably, it is 5 seconds or less.
- the application interval of the solution exceeds 15 seconds, the aqueous amine solution may penetrate and diffuse deep inside the porous support, and a large amount of unreacted polyfunctional amine component may remain in the porous support. . Further, the unreacted polyfunctional amine component that has penetrated deep inside the porous support tends to be difficult to remove even in the subsequent membrane cleaning treatment. In addition, you may remove an excess amine aqueous solution after coat
- the heating temperature is more preferably 70 to 200 ° C., particularly preferably 100 to 150 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably about 30 seconds to 10 minutes, more preferably about 40 seconds to 7 minutes.
- the thickness of the skin layer is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.05 to 2 ⁇ m, preferably 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the shape of the composite semipermeable membrane of the present invention is not limited at all. That is, any conceivable membrane shape such as a flat membrane shape or a spiral element shape is possible. Moreover, in order to improve the salt-blocking property, water permeability, oxidation resistance, etc. of the composite semipermeable membrane, various conventionally known treatments may be performed.
- the spiral-type separation membrane element of the present invention includes, for example, a supply-side fluid and a permeation-side fluid that are stacked with a supply-side channel material and a permeation-side channel material arranged between two folded composite semipermeable membranes.
- a separation membrane unit is prepared by applying an adhesive for forming a sealing portion that prevents mixing of the composite semipermeable membrane to the periphery (three sides) of the composite semipermeable membrane, and one or more of the separation membrane units are arranged around the central tube. It is manufactured by winding it in a spiral shape and further sealing the periphery of the separation membrane unit.
- KES test method Using a pure bending tester (KES-FB2, manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.), the repulsive stress when bending and returning a nonwoven fabric layer with a length of 10 cm and a width of 10 cm in the length direction. The stress difference when the bending curvature was 2.5 was measured as the bend recovery (g ⁇ cm / cm).
- the viscosity of the polysulfone solution was measured at a measurement temperature of 30 ° C. using an E-type viscometer (manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd., RE-85 type viscometer).
- Weight D Weight A ⁇ Weight B
- Weight E Weight B ⁇ Weight C
- the prepared porous support was unwound from a supply roll and cut into a size of 1 m width and 1 m length to obtain a sample.
- the sample was placed on a flat table, the warp height from the table at the end in the MD direction was measured, and the MD curl of the porous support was evaluated according to the following criteria.
- X The warp height exceeds 26 mm.
- Example 1 By applying a polysulfone solution (dope) containing 18.3% by weight of polysulfone and dimethylformamide to the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer shown in Table 1, and then immersing the nonwoven fabric layer having the dope film in a water bath and solidifying it. A porous sulfone layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m was formed to produce a porous support, and the produced porous support was wound around a supply roll. The time from the application of the polysulfone solution to the end of the coagulation treatment was 3.6 seconds. Then, an amine solution was prepared by dissolving 3% by weight of metaphenylenediamine in water.
- an organic solution was prepared by dissolving 0.25% by weight of trimesic acid chloride in hexane.
- the amine solution was coated on the porous support while feeding the produced porous support from the supply roll, and then the excess amine solution was removed to form an amine solution coating layer.
- the organic solution was applied to the surface of the amine solution coating layer. Thereafter, the excess solution was removed, and further kept in a hot air dryer at 140 ° C. for 3 minutes to form a skin layer containing a polyamide-based resin on the porous support to produce a composite semipermeable membrane.
- Example 2 By applying a polysulfone solution (dope) containing 18.3% by weight of polysulfone and dimethylformamide to the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer shown in Table 1, and then immersing the nonwoven fabric layer having the dope film in a water bath and solidifying it. A porous sulfone layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m was formed to produce a porous support, and the produced porous support was wound around a supply roll. The time from the application of the polysulfone solution to the end of the coagulation treatment was 3.5 seconds. And the composite semipermeable membrane was produced by the method similar to Example 1. FIG.
- Example 3 By applying a polysulfone solution (dope) containing 18.3% by weight of polysulfone and dimethylformamide to the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer shown in Table 1, and then immersing the nonwoven fabric layer having the dope film in a water bath and solidifying it. A porous sulfone layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m was formed to produce a porous support, and the produced porous support was wound around a supply roll. The time from application of the polysulfone solution to the end of the coagulation treatment was 3.4 seconds. And the composite semipermeable membrane was produced by the method similar to Example 1. FIG.
- Example 4 By applying a polysulfone solution (dope) containing 18.3% by weight of polysulfone and dimethylformamide to the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer shown in Table 1, and then immersing the nonwoven fabric layer having the dope film in a water bath and solidifying it. A 30 ⁇ m thick polysulfone porous layer was formed to prepare a porous support, and the prepared porous support was wound around a supply roll. The time from the application of the polysulfone solution to the end of the coagulation treatment was 3.3 seconds. And the composite semipermeable membrane was produced by the method similar to Example 1. FIG.
- Comparative Example 1 By applying a polysulfone solution (dope) containing 18.3% by weight of polysulfone and dimethylformamide to the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer shown in Table 1, and then immersing the nonwoven fabric layer having the dope film in a water bath and solidifying it. A 15 ⁇ m-thick polysulfone porous layer was formed to produce a porous support, and the produced porous support was wound around a supply roll. The time from application of the polysulfone solution to the end of the coagulation treatment was 3.7 seconds. And the composite semipermeable membrane was produced by the method similar to Example 1. FIG.
- Comparative Example 2 By applying a polysulfone solution (dope) containing 18.3% by weight of polysulfone and dimethylformamide to the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer shown in Table 1, and then immersing the nonwoven fabric layer having the dope film in a water bath and solidifying it. A 30 ⁇ m thick polysulfone porous layer was formed to prepare a porous support, and the prepared porous support was wound around a supply roll. The time from the application of the polysulfone solution to the end of the coagulation treatment was 3.2 seconds. And the composite semipermeable membrane was produced by the method similar to Example 1. FIG.
- the composite semipermeable membrane and spiral type separation membrane element of the present invention are used for production of ultrapure water, desalination of brine or seawater, etc., and from contamination that causes pollution such as dyed wastewater and electrodeposition paint wastewater. It is possible to remove and recover the pollution source or the effective substance contained therein, and contribute to the closure of waste water. Moreover, it can be used for advanced treatments such as concentration of active ingredients in food applications and removal of harmful components in water purification and sewage applications. It can also be used for wastewater treatment in oil fields, shale gas fields, and the like.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
不織布層は、MD方向における曲げ硬さが1.2~2.1g・cm2/cm、かつMD方向における曲げ回復性が0.3~0.6g・cm/cmであり、
不織布層中にポリマー多孔質層の形成材料であるポリマーが含浸しており、
不織布層中に含浸しているポリマーの含浸率が、ポリマー多孔質層中のポリマー及び不織布層中に含浸しているポリマーの全重量に対して25~34重量%であることを特徴とする多孔性支持体、に関する。
(不織布層のMD方向における曲げ硬さの測定)
KES試験法;純曲げ試験機(カトーテック社製、KES-FB2)を用いて、長さ10cm、幅10cmの不織布層を長さ方向に曲げるときの反発応力を測定し、曲げ曲率が2.5のときの応力を曲げ硬さ(g・cm2/cm)とした。
KES試験法;純曲げ試験機(カトーテック社製、KES-FB2)を用いて、長さ10cm、幅10cmの不織布層を長さ方向に曲げていくときと戻していくときの反発応力をそれぞれ測定し、曲げ曲率が2.5のときの応力差を曲げ回復性(g・cm/cm)とした。
JIS L 1096に記載の方法に準じて、フラジール形試験機を用いて通気度を測定した。
ポリスルホン溶液の粘度は、E型粘度計(東機産業株式会社製、RE-85型粘度計)を用いて、測定温度30℃で測定した。
乾燥した多孔性支持体の重量Aを測定した。その後、多孔性支持体からポリスルホン多孔質層をテープで剥ぎ取り、不織布層の重量Bを測定した。その後、不織布層をDMFに浸漬して、不織布層中に含浸しているポリスルホンをDMFに溶解させた。その後、不織布層をDMFから取り出して洗浄し、乾燥させた。その後、不織布層の重量Cを測定した。
ポリスルホン多孔質層の重量Dは下記式により算出した。
重量D=重量A-重量B
不織布層中に含浸していたポリスルホンの重量Eは下記式により算出した。
重量E=重量B-重量C
不織布層中に含浸していたポリスルホンの含浸率(重量%)は下記式により算出した。
含浸率(重量%)=〔重量E/(重量D+重量E)〕×100
作製した平膜状の複合半透膜を所定の形状、サイズに切断し、平膜評価用のセルにセットする。0.15重量%のNaClを含みかつpH6.5に調整した水溶液を25℃で膜の供給側と透過側に1.5MPaの差圧を与えて膜に接触させる。この操作によって得られた透過水の電導度を測定し、塩阻止率(%)を算出した。塩阻止率は、NaCl濃度と水溶液電導度の相関(検量線)を事前に作成し、それらを用いて下式により算出した。
塩阻止率(%)={1-(透過液中のNaCl濃度[mg/L])/(供給液中のNaCl濃度[mg/L])}×100
作製した多孔性支持体を供給ロールから巻き戻し、幅1m、長さ1mの大きさにカットしてサンプルを得た。サンプルを平坦なテーブル上に置き、MD方向の端部におけるテーブルからの反り高さを測定し、下記基準で多孔性支持体のMDカールを評価した。
◎:反り高さが20mm以下。
〇:反り高さが20mmを超え、26mm以下。
×:反り高さが26mmを超える。
表1に記載の不織布層の表面に、ポリスルホン18.3重量%とジメチルホルムアミドを含むポリスルホン溶液(ドープ)を塗布し、その後、ドープ膜を有する不織布層を水浴に浸漬して凝固処理することにより厚さ20μmのポリスルホン多孔質層を形成して多孔性支持体を作製し、作製した多孔性支持体を供給ロールに巻き取った。なお、ポリスルホン溶液の塗布から凝固処理終了までの時間は3.6秒であった。
そして、メタフェニレンジアミン3重量%を水に溶解させてアミン溶液を調製した。また、トリメシン酸クロライド0.25重量%をヘキサンに溶解させて有機溶液を調製した。作製した多孔性支持体を供給ロールから送り出しながら、前記アミン溶液を多孔性支持体上に塗布し、その後余分なアミン溶液を除去することによりアミン溶液被覆層を形成した。次に、アミン溶液被覆層の表面に前記有機溶液を塗布した。その後、余分な溶液を除去し、さらに140℃の熱風乾燥機中で3分間保持して、多孔性支持体上にポリアミド系樹脂を含むスキン層を形成して複合半透膜を作製した。
表1に記載の不織布層の表面に、ポリスルホン18.3重量%とジメチルホルムアミドを含むポリスルホン溶液(ドープ)を塗布し、その後、ドープ膜を有する不織布層を水浴に浸漬して凝固処理することにより厚さ20μmのポリスルホン多孔質層を形成して多孔性支持体を作製し、作製した多孔性支持体を供給ロールに巻き取った。なお、ポリスルホン溶液の塗布から凝固処理終了までの時間は3.5秒であった。
そして、実施例1と同様の方法で複合半透膜を作製した。
表1に記載の不織布層の表面に、ポリスルホン18.3重量%とジメチルホルムアミドを含むポリスルホン溶液(ドープ)を塗布し、その後、ドープ膜を有する不織布層を水浴に浸漬して凝固処理することにより厚さ20μmのポリスルホン多孔質層を形成して多孔性支持体を作製し、作製した多孔性支持体を供給ロールに巻き取った。なお、ポリスルホン溶液の塗布から凝固処理終了までの時間は3.4秒であった。
そして、実施例1と同様の方法で複合半透膜を作製した。
表1に記載の不織布層の表面に、ポリスルホン18.3重量%とジメチルホルムアミドを含むポリスルホン溶液(ドープ)を塗布し、その後、ドープ膜を有する不織布層を水浴に浸漬して凝固処理することにより厚さ30μmのポリスルホン多孔質層を形成して多孔性支持体を作製し、作製した多孔性支持体を供給ロールに巻き取った。なお、ポリスルホン溶液の塗布から凝固処理終了までの時間は3.3秒であった。
そして、実施例1と同様の方法で複合半透膜を作製した。
表1に記載の不織布層の表面に、ポリスルホン18.3重量%とジメチルホルムアミドを含むポリスルホン溶液(ドープ)を塗布し、その後、ドープ膜を有する不織布層を水浴に浸漬して凝固処理することにより厚さ15μmのポリスルホン多孔質層を形成して多孔性支持体を作製し、作製した多孔性支持体を供給ロールに巻き取った。なお、ポリスルホン溶液の塗布から凝固処理終了までの時間は3.7秒であった。
そして、実施例1と同様の方法で複合半透膜を作製した。
表1に記載の不織布層の表面に、ポリスルホン18.3重量%とジメチルホルムアミドを含むポリスルホン溶液(ドープ)を塗布し、その後、ドープ膜を有する不織布層を水浴に浸漬して凝固処理することにより厚さ30μmのポリスルホン多孔質層を形成して多孔性支持体を作製し、作製した多孔性支持体を供給ロールに巻き取った。なお、ポリスルホン溶液の塗布から凝固処理終了までの時間は3.2秒であった。
そして、実施例1と同様の方法で複合半透膜を作製した。
Claims (4)
- 不織布層の片面にポリマー多孔質層を有する多孔性支持体であって、
不織布層は、MD方向における曲げ硬さが1.2~2.1g・cm2/cm、かつMD方向における曲げ回復性が0.3~0.6g・cm/cmであり、
不織布層中にポリマー多孔質層の形成材料であるポリマーが含浸しており、
不織布層中に含浸しているポリマーの含浸率が、ポリマー多孔質層中のポリマー及び不織布層中に含浸しているポリマーの全重量に対して25~34重量%であることを特徴とする多孔性支持体。 - 前記ポリマーがポリスルホンである請求項1記載の多孔性支持体。
- 請求項1又は2記載の多孔性支持体の表面にスキン層を有する複合半透膜。
- 請求項3記載の複合半透膜を用いたスパイラル型分離膜エレメント。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020177014056A KR102366889B1 (ko) | 2014-12-16 | 2015-11-26 | 다공성 지지체, 복합 반투막, 및 스파이럴형 분리막 엘리먼트 |
US15/533,518 US20170348645A1 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2015-11-26 | Porous support, composite semipermeable membrane and spiral wound separation membrane element |
CN201580062319.XA CN107000368B (zh) | 2014-12-16 | 2015-11-26 | 多孔性支撑体、复合半透膜、及螺旋型分离膜元件 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014-253799 | 2014-12-16 | ||
JP2014253799A JP6456671B2 (ja) | 2014-12-16 | 2014-12-16 | 多孔性支持体、複合半透膜、及びスパイラル型分離膜エレメント |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016098552A1 true WO2016098552A1 (ja) | 2016-06-23 |
Family
ID=56126449
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2015/083169 WO2016098552A1 (ja) | 2014-12-16 | 2015-11-26 | 多孔性支持体、複合半透膜、及びスパイラル型分離膜エレメント |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170348645A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6456671B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102366889B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107000368B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016098552A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7190855B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-28 | 2022-12-16 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | 半透膜支持体 |
CN112546876B (zh) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-10 | 湖南沁森高科新材料有限公司 | 一种改性反渗透复合膜及其制备方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010126113A1 (ja) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | 旭化成せんい株式会社 | 複合膜支持体及びこれを用いた複合膜 |
JP2012106177A (ja) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-06-07 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | 半透膜支持体 |
JP2013180294A (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-09-12 | Hokuetsu Kishu Paper Co Ltd | 半透膜支持体用不織布及びその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2014350A3 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2009-07-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Water-treating method |
US7441667B2 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2008-10-28 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Composite membranes for liquid filtration having improved uniformity and adhesion of substrate to membrane |
CN100478056C (zh) * | 2006-08-25 | 2009-04-15 | 贵阳时代汇通膜科技有限公司 | 耐氧化复合反渗透膜 |
JP5724180B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-31 | 2015-05-27 | 東レ株式会社 | 分離膜支持体およびその製造方法 |
JP5798714B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-26 | 2015-10-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | 複合半透膜及びその製造方法 |
WO2011118486A1 (ja) | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-29 | 東レ株式会社 | 分離膜およびその製造方法 |
JP5203518B1 (ja) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-06-05 | 北越紀州製紙株式会社 | 半透膜支持体用不織布及びその製造方法 |
KR102066571B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-30 | 2020-01-15 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 복합 반투막 |
-
2014
- 2014-12-16 JP JP2014253799A patent/JP6456671B2/ja active Active
-
2015
- 2015-11-26 WO PCT/JP2015/083169 patent/WO2016098552A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-11-26 US US15/533,518 patent/US20170348645A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-11-26 KR KR1020177014056A patent/KR102366889B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-11-26 CN CN201580062319.XA patent/CN107000368B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010126113A1 (ja) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | 旭化成せんい株式会社 | 複合膜支持体及びこれを用いた複合膜 |
JP2012106177A (ja) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-06-07 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | 半透膜支持体 |
JP2013180294A (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-09-12 | Hokuetsu Kishu Paper Co Ltd | 半透膜支持体用不織布及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107000368B (zh) | 2019-12-20 |
CN107000368A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
KR102366889B1 (ko) | 2022-02-23 |
US20170348645A1 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
KR20170095835A (ko) | 2017-08-23 |
JP2016112792A (ja) | 2016-06-23 |
JP6456671B2 (ja) | 2019-01-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6305729B2 (ja) | 複合半透膜 | |
WO2012137635A1 (ja) | 複合半透膜、複合半透膜エレメントおよび複合半透膜の製造方法 | |
JP2016518982A (ja) | 塩除去率及び透過流量特性に優れたポリアミド系水処理分離膜及びその製造方法 | |
US10918996B2 (en) | Spiral membrane element | |
KR101114668B1 (ko) | 폴리아마이드 역삼투 분리막의 제조방법 및 그에 의해 제조된 폴리아마이드 역삼투 분리막 | |
JP6522185B2 (ja) | 複合半透膜 | |
WO2015118894A1 (ja) | 複合半透膜の製造方法 | |
WO2016052427A1 (ja) | 複合半透膜及びその製造方法、スパイラル型分離膜エレメント | |
JP6747926B2 (ja) | スパイラル型分離膜エレメントの製造方法 | |
JP6456671B2 (ja) | 多孔性支持体、複合半透膜、及びスパイラル型分離膜エレメント | |
JP6521422B2 (ja) | スパイラル型分離膜エレメント | |
JP2008253906A (ja) | 乾燥複合半透膜 | |
WO2017057378A1 (ja) | 複合半透膜 | |
JP2008259983A (ja) | 乾燥複合半透膜の製造方法 | |
WO2016035681A1 (ja) | 複合半透膜、分離膜エレメント、及びその製造方法 | |
JP7200427B1 (ja) | 複合半透膜、及びスパイラル型膜エレメント | |
JP2015147192A (ja) | 複合半透膜の製造方法 | |
KR20230138883A (ko) | 복합 반투막 및 스파이럴형 막 엘리먼트 | |
WO2017057692A1 (ja) | スパイラル型分離膜エレメントの製造方法 | |
JP2007090140A (ja) | 乾燥複合半透膜の製造方法 | |
JP2018069148A (ja) | 複合半透膜およびその製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15869760 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20177014056 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15533518 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15869760 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |