WO2016088455A1 - 内燃機関用ピストンと該ピストンの製造装置及び製造方法 - Google Patents
内燃機関用ピストンと該ピストンの製造装置及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016088455A1 WO2016088455A1 PCT/JP2015/078980 JP2015078980W WO2016088455A1 WO 2016088455 A1 WO2016088455 A1 WO 2016088455A1 JP 2015078980 W JP2015078980 W JP 2015078980W WO 2016088455 A1 WO2016088455 A1 WO 2016088455A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- combustion engine
- internal combustion
- crown
- skirt
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0076—Pistons the inside of the pistons being provided with ribs or fins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/062—Mechanisms for locking or opening moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/103—Multipart cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
- B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons
- B22D19/0027—Cylinders, pistons pistons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F2003/0007—Monolithic pistons; One piece constructions; Casting of pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
- F02F2200/06—Casting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine in which a plurality of cooling convex portions are provided on the back side of a crown, and a technology for improving the piston manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method.
- the piston is integrally formed of, for example, an aluminum alloy material, and a plurality of cooling fins are integrally projected on the back side opposite to the crown surface of the crown portion.
- Each of the cooling fins is formed in an arc shape so that the one located on the substantially central side of the back surface is provided in a substantially linear shape, and the one located on the outer peripheral side surrounds the cooling fin on the central side. Yes.
- the surface area on the back side of the crown is increased by a plurality of cooling fins formed integrally with the piston so as to enhance the cooling effect when the piston is driven.
- the piston described in Patent Document 1 has the cooling fins formed in a projecting shape downward from the back surface of the crown portion, the piston is cooled when cast by the gravity mold casting method (gravity).
- gravity the gravity mold casting method
- the molten metal When molten metal is injected into a mold having a recess for forming a fin, the molten metal enters the inside (bottom side) from the upper end opening side of the recess, so that air remains on the bottom side of the recess. It will solidify.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a piston for an internal combustion engine, a piston manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method capable of obtaining sufficient transferability to a surface.
- a piston for an internal combustion engine includes a crown portion having a crown surface defining a combustion chamber, and a skirt on a thrust side and an anti-thrust side provided integrally with the crown portion and sliding on a cylinder wall surface. And a pair of apron parts having pin bosses formed with piston pin holes connected to each other from the circumferential direction of the pair of skirt parts, and formed on the back surface opposite to the crown surface of the crown part, A recess formed between the two skirt portions along the substantially longitudinal direction; and a plurality of projections integrally provided on the bottom surface of the recess and extending along the apron portion direction or the skirt portion direction.
- the at least one end edge of each convex part in the longitudinal direction is integrally coupled to the inner side surface of the concave part facing the one end edge.
- the lower mold of the casting mold forms a recess in the upper surface of the central portion located between the inner surface forming portions forming the inner surfaces of the two skirt portions, on the back surface of the crown portion of the piston.
- a protrusion is formed, and a plurality of grooves are formed on the upper surface of the protrusion to form the protrusions on the back surface of the crown.
- the height of the central portion is higher than that of the other inner surface forming portion of the lower mold.
- the height of each of the grooves is formed to be shallower than the height of the protrusion, and an opening formed on at least one end side in the longitudinal direction of each of the grooves is formed.
- a feature is that molten metal, which is formed at a level lower than or substantially equal to the bottom surface of each groove portion and is injected into the mold, flows into the bottom surface side of each groove portion from the opening.
- molten metal is caused to flow into the bottom side of each groove portion of a casting mold for forming a plurality of convex portions on the back surface of the crown portion of the piston at the time of casting. Good transferability can be ensured. Thereby, the surface area of the convex part of the piston can be set to a desired size.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3. It is the B section enlarged view of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. It is the D section enlarged view of FIG. It is a top view of the state which removed the upper core of the casting die apparatus of this embodiment.
- It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a casting die apparatus. It is the E section enlarged view of FIG. It is an exploded plan view of the core of the casting mold apparatus of this embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. 17. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state with which the aluminum alloy molten metal was further filled in the cavity. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the aluminum alloy molten metal which started up flows into each groove part from the upper part side of a core. It is the G section enlarged view of FIG.
- the piston of 2nd Embodiment is shown, A is a bottom view of a piston, B is the II sectional view taken on the line of A.
- the piston of 3rd Embodiment is shown, A is a bottom view of a piston, B is JJ sectional view taken on the line of A.
- the piston of 4th Embodiment is shown, A is a bottom view of a piston, B is a KK sectional view taken on the line A.
- the piston of 5th Embodiment is shown, A is a bottom view of a piston, B is LL sectional view taken on the line of A.
- the piston provided in this embodiment is applied to a spark ignition gasoline engine.
- the piston 1 is slidably provided in a substantially cylindrical cylinder wall surface 02 formed in a cylinder block 01 of the engine.
- a combustion chamber 03 is formed between the lower surface and the lower surface, and is connected to a crankshaft (not shown) via a connecting rod 05 connected to a piston pin 04.
- the piston 1 as a whole is integrally cast with an AC8A Al—Si aluminum alloy as a base material, and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and has a combustion chamber on the crown surface 2a.
- a defining crown portion 2 a pair of arc-shaped thrust side skirt portions 3a and anti-thrust side skirt portions 3b integrally provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the crown portion 2, and the circumferences of the skirt portions 3a and 3b
- a pair of apron portions 4a and 4b connected to both ends in the direction via respective connecting portions.
- the apron portions 4a and 4a are integrally formed with pin bosses 4b and 4b for supporting both end portions of a piston pin (not shown) via piston pin holes 4c and 4c.
- the crown portion 2 has a disk shape formed with a relatively large thickness, and an unillustrated valve recess that prevents interference between the intake valve and the exhaust valve is formed on the crown surface 2a that defines the combustion chamber 03.
- the outer peripheral portion of the crown surface 2a is formed in a convex shape.
- the crown portion 2 is formed with three piston ring grooves 2b, 2c, and 2d in which pressure rings and oil rings 5a to 5c are fitted on the outer peripheral portion.
- a rectangular recess 6 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5 is formed on the back surface 2e opposite to the crown surface 2a of the crown 2, and the bottom 6a of the recess 6 is formed on the bottom 6a.
- a plurality of convex portions 7 are integrally provided.
- the concave portion 6 is formed to extend in a rectangular shape along an axis X (a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pin boss portions 4 b and 4 b) connecting the centers of the skirt portions 3 a and 3 b.
- the length L of the long side extends to the vicinity of the arcuate upper wall surfaces 8a and 8b where the crown portion 2 is connected to the skirt portions 3a and 3b.
- W is formed up to the vicinity of the arcuate upper wall surfaces 9 a and 9 b where the pin bosses 4 b and 4 b are connected.
- each outer peripheral edge 6d is not connected smoothly to the arcuate upper wall surfaces 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, but is connected stepwise.
- each convex portion 7 is integrally provided on the bottom surface 6a of the concave portion 6, and has a predetermined span S around the axis Y of each pin boss portion 4b, 4b, that is, the concave bottom surface 6a. It is divided into two groups on the left and right sides in the figure via a rectangular central portion. That is, a total of eight groups are provided, divided into four groups on the thrust side skirt portion 3a side and four groups on the anti-thrust side skirt portion 3b side.
- Each of the two groups of convex portions 7 is formed linearly along the axis Y of the pin boss portions 4b, 4b, that is, along the opposing direction of the pair of apron portions 4a, 4a. These are arranged side by side with a constant width gap S1. Further, both end portions 7a and 7b are connected to opposed inner side surfaces 6b and 6b on the long side of the recess 6, and the outer surface 7c is formed in a substantially arc shape in cross section. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the height H is slightly lower than the depth D of the recess 6.
- the concave portion 6 and the convex portions 7 are formed on the back surface 2e side of the crown portion 2 of the piston 1, so that the concave portion 6 and the convex portion 7 are not formed.
- the surface area of the entire back surface 2e is increased.
- the tip surface 7c of the convex portion 7 is formed in an arc shape, the entire surface area is increased, and the heat dissipation effect can be further increased.
- the opposing inner side surfaces 6b, 6b on the long side of the concave portion 6 and the opposing inner side surfaces 6c, 6c on the short piece side are each formed in an arc shape falling from the bottom surface 6a, and each outer peripheral edge 6d is Since they are not smoothly connected to the arcuate upper wall surfaces 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, but are connected in a step shape, the surface area of the region of the recess 6 is also increased by these configurations. As a result, the surface area of the entire back surface 2e is increased in combination with the convex portions 7, so that the heat dissipation effect is improved and the cooling efficiency can be improved. [Piston casting mold equipment] As shown in FIGS.
- the casting mold 10 for casting the piston 1 is a mold 11 that is an outer mold and a lower mold that is provided on the lower side inside the mold 11. It is mainly composed of a child 12, a top core 13 that is an upper mold provided on the upper part of the mold 11, and a cavity 14 that is separated by each of these cores 11 to 13.
- the mold 11 is provided with a runner 15 for supplying molten metal to the cavity 14, and the runner 15 is formed with a spout 15 a on the upstream side, and a downstream portion 15 b is formed below the cavity 14. It communicates with the side.
- the core 12 forms the crown 2, skirts 3 a, 3 b and apron parts 4 a, 4 a of the piston 1 in cooperation with the inner surface of the mold 11 and the lower surface 13 a of the top core 13. .
- the core 12 is formed by combining a plurality of divided cores as shown in FIGS. 11 to 15, and is substantially plate-shaped, which is a central portion that is located in the center and forms the concave portion 6 and the convex portions 7.
- Center core 16 two phillic cores 17, 17 which are arranged on both sides of the center core 16 in the figure and mainly form inner surfaces of the skirt portions 3 a, 3 b in the circumferential direction, and the center core 16 And two side cores 18 and 18 for forming the apron portions 4a and 4a mainly including the pin boss portions 4b and 4b.
- the center core 16 is formed in a rectangular shape having an upper end surface 16a extending toward the two lip cores 17 and 17, and a height H2 from the lower end surface to the upper end surface 16a is A height difference between the two lip cores 17 and the side cores 18 is formed, and a difference in height is formed as a protrusion 19 for forming the recess 6 of the crown 2 back surface 2e.
- the projecting portion 19 is provided on the entire upper end surface 16a of the center core 16, and a plurality of groove portions 20 for forming the convex portions 7 on the back surface 2e side of the crown portion 2 are formed on the upper surface (upper end surface 16a). Is formed. That is, each of the groove portions 20 is composed of two groups of four on both sides of the lip cores 17 and 17 with the rectangular central upper end surface 19a of the protrusion portion 19 interposed therebetween. That is, both the side cores 18 and 18 are formed in a straight line shape, and each has a substantially circular cross section. In addition, each groove 20 has a depth D1 shallower than a height H2 of the protrusion 19, and openings 20a and 20b are formed at both ends in the axial direction.
- the top core 13 is disposed so as to be openable and closable with respect to the upper end opening of the mold 11 by an elevator formed by an unillustrated cylinder or the like, and the crown surface 2a of the crown portion 2 is formed by the cavity surface 13a at the lower end surface. It is supposed to be.
- the cavity surface 13a of the top core 13 facing the core 12 is a crown surface of the piston 1 when a molten aluminum alloy is poured into the cavity 14 to form a piston 1 as a product. It is formed on the transfer surface for transferring 2a.
- molten aluminum 21 of aluminum alloy is gradually injected from the bottom of the cavity 14 into the cavity 14 through the runner 15 through the runner 15a, as shown in FIG. Then, the entire cavity 14 is filled with the molten aluminum alloy 21 (injection process).
- the molten aluminum alloy 21 supplied into the cavity 14 has the outer surfaces of the center core 16, the two lip cores 17, 17 and the side cores 18, 18 inside the mold 11 as shown in FIG.
- the aluminum alloy molten metal 21 wraps around the outer side surfaces of the side cores 18 and 18, from which the groove portions further extend.
- the openings 20a and 20b of the 20 wrap around the openings 20a and 20b, and gradually move upward from the bottom 20c side (inflow process).
- the shape is transferred in close contact with the inner surface of the mold 11, the outer surface of the core 12, and the cavity surface 13 a of the top core 13.
- the molten aluminum 21 flows from the gate 15a through the runner 15 to the cavity 14 on the crown 2 side from below the mold 11, but in the cavity 14 on the crown 2 side, This is a portion where the molten aluminum 21 joins, and is a portion where a casting failure due to air entrainment, for example, a hot water failure is likely to occur.
- each groove portion 20 gets over the protruding portion 19 and enters the inside from the upper end opening side as shown by the broken line arrows in FIG. Instead of entering the bottom surface 20c from both end openings 20a, 20b of each groove 20, as shown by the solid arrows in FIG. To do.
- the casting mold 10 After filling the cavity 14 with the molten aluminum alloy 21 and cooling for a predetermined time, the casting mold 10 is opened and the base material of the piston 1 is taken out (takeout step).
- the surface area is increased by the concave portion 6, and in particular, each convex portion 7 provided in the concave portion 6 is Since there is no influence of air during the casting and good transferability is obtained, a large surface area can be secured, so that the heat radiation effect of the crown portion 2 is increased in combination with the concave portion 6. As a result, the cooling efficiency of the crown portion 2 can be improved.
- the recess 6 is not stepped smoothly on the outer peripheral edge 6d of each of the inner side surfaces 6b, 6b, 6c6c with the arcuate upper wall surfaces 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b. Since they are connected, the surface area of the region of the recess 6 is increased by these configurations. Accordingly, the surface area of the entire back surface 2e is increased in combination with the convex portions 7, so that the heat dissipation effect is improved and the cooling efficiency can be promoted.
- each groove portion 20 is arranged along the width direction of the protruding portion 19, and the aluminum alloy molten metal 21 rushes through the openings 20 a and 20 b.
- the aluminum alloy melt 21 is formed so as to face the coming side cores 18, 18 and the height of the bottom surface 20 c of each groove 20 is higher than the upper ends of the lip cores 17, 17 and the side cores 18, 18. It becomes easy to flow into each groove part 20.
- the protrusion 19 is provided on the center core 16 and the depth D2 of each groove 20 is made lower than the height of the protrusion 19 to eliminate the influence of air and improve the surface accuracy. Therefore, this molding operation is easy and the cost can be reduced.
- each groove part 20 is formed linearly along the apron parts 4a and 4a direction, it becomes easy to fill a molten metal. This is because when the molten aluminum alloy 21 is poured into the mold, the molten aluminum alloy 21 rushes up from the lower side in the direction of gravity, but at the stage of forming the crown 2, it goes toward the center of the crown 2.
- the apron portions 4a and 4a are faster than the skirt portions 3a and 3b. In other words, since the apron portions 4a and 4a are formed faster, the apron portions 4a and 4a are formed faster, so that the flow into the groove portions 20 is faster, and the shape transferability of the formation of the convex portions 7 by the groove portions 20 is improved.
- [Second Embodiment] 24A and 24B show a second embodiment of the present invention. The basic structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the arrangement of the convex portions 7 is changed.
- a rectangular concave portion 6 extending between both skirt portions 3a and 3b is formed, and the central portion of the concave portion 6 is formed.
- Two convex parts 7 groups of 3 each on the right and left sides are formed.
- the projections 7 are arranged in parallel in three rows with a predetermined width gap S2, and along the longitudinal direction of the recesses 6, that is, in other words, the pair of thrust side skirt portions 3a and the anti-thrust It extends along the direction in which the side skirt portions 3b are arranged. Therefore, although each said convex part 7 is less in number than the thing of 1st Embodiment, each length is formed long, and this ensures the large surface area.
- the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, such as the height of each convex portion 7 being formed lower than the depth of the concave portion.
- FIGS. 25A and 25B show the third embodiment, which also has the same basic structure and manufacturing method as the piston and manufacturing apparatus as in the first and second embodiments. This is a change.
- the piston 1 is formed with two right and left convex portions inside the concave portion 19 formed on the back surface 2e of the crown portion 2, and each convex portion 7 is formed with a short length.
- the pins are arranged in five rows along the pin boss portions 4b and 4b, and are arranged in two rows along the skirts 3a and 3b.
- the bottom surface 6a of the recess 6 is formed in a lattice shape.
- FIGS. 26A and B show a fourth embodiment, and the basic structure of the piston 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- each convex portion 7 provided on the bottom surface 6a of the rectangular concave portion 6 has a pin boss portion 4b. It is formed not in a linear shape with respect to the axis Y of 4b but in an arc shape bent outwardly.
- each convex portion 7 is formed in an arc shape, so that the surface area is slightly more than that of the linear first embodiment. growing. Therefore, the heat dissipation effect of the crown portion 2 is also increased.
- FIGS. 27A and 27B show the fifth embodiment, and the basic structure of the piston 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- each convex portion 7 provided on the bottom surface 6a of the rectangular concave portion 6 has a pin boss portion 4b. It is formed not in a straight line with respect to the axis Y of 4b, but in a square shape and a reverse square shape that are bent outwardly.
- this embodiment can obtain the same operation effect as each of the above embodiments, and each convex portion 7 is formed in an arc shape, so that the surface area is slightly more than that of the linear first embodiment. growing. Therefore, the heat dissipation effect of the crown portion 2 is also increased.
- the present invention is not limited to the configuration of each of the above embodiments.
- the shape of each of the convex portions can be further changed or the number of the concave portions can be increased, and the size and depth of the concave portions can be changed to the piston. It can be arbitrarily set according to the specification and size.
- each of the convex portions is not only formed with a height lower than the depth of the concave portion, but may be formed substantially the same.
- the plurality of convex portions may be formed such that an interval between two specific adjacent convex portions is larger than an interval between other adjacent convex portions. According to this invention, it can utilize as a means to measure the thickness of a crown part by forming the location where the space
- the plurality of convex portions may be formed in an arc shape. According to this invention, since the plurality of convex portions are formed in an arc shape, the surface area can be increased as compared with a case where the convex portions are formed in a linear shape.
- the arc-shaped convex portion may be formed to have a convex shape radially outward. According to the present invention, since a space is formed in the center by forming the convex shape radially outward, the space can be overlapped with the thickness measurement portion of the crown portion in this space.
- the plurality of convex portions may be formed in a wedge shape. According to the present invention, the surface area can be increased as compared with the case where the convex portions are formed in a straight line.
- the plurality of convex portions may be formed to be convex outward in the radial direction. According to this invention, since the space can be formed in the central portion, the thickness of the crown portion can be measured by this space. That is, the tip of the convex portion can overlap with the thickness measurement portion of the crown portion.
- the plurality of convex portions may be formed in a lattice shape extending so as to intersect with the axial direction of the piston pin hole of the concave portion.
- the core other than the center core may be one that molds the inner surface of the skirt or apron.
- the lower die may be a step of releasing the piston from the cavity in the step of releasing the mold, and lowering the center core, and then releasing the other cores close to each other in this space. Good.
- the mold can be released without any trouble even if the piston has an undercut portion.
- each said convex part is located in a recessed part, even if it moves another core to a proximity
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
〔ピストンの鋳造金型装置〕
前記ピストン1を鋳造する鋳造用金型10としては、図8及び図9に示すように、外型であるモールド型11と、このモールド型11の内部下部側に設けられた下型である中子12と、モールド型11の上部に設けられた上型であるトップコア13と、これらの各コア11~13によって隔成されるキャビティ14と、から主として構成されている。
したがって、前記鋳造用金型10を用いてピストン1を鋳造するには、予め前記モールド型11内で中子12の各コア16~18の型締めを行い、続いて図9の位置にあるトップコア13を、図16に示すように、トップコア13のフランジ部13bがモールド型11の上端開口部11aの孔縁に当接するまで下降させて型締めを行う(型締め工程)。
〔第2実施形態〕
図24A,Bは本発明の第2実施形態を示し、基本構造は第1実施形態と同様であるが、異なるところは、各凸部7の配列を変更したものである。
〔第3実施形態〕
図25A,Bは第3実施形態を示し、これもピストンや製造装置の基本構造及び製造方法は第1、第2実施形態と同様であるが、異なるところは、各凸部7の数や長さを変更したものである。
〔第4実施形態〕
図26A、Bは第4実施形態を示し、このピストン1の基本構造は第1実施形態と同じであるが、長方形状の凹部6の底面6aに設けられた各凸部7が、ピンボス部4b、4bの軸線Yに対して直線状ではなく、外側へ凸状に折曲された円弧状に形成されている。
〔第5実施形態〕
図27A、Bは第5実施形態を示し、このピストン1の基本構造は第1実施形態と同じであるが、長方形状の凹部6の底面6aに設けられた各凸部7が、ピンボス部4b、4bの軸線Yに対して直線状ではなく、外側へ凸状に折曲されたく字形状及び逆く字形状に形成されている。
Claims (18)
- 燃焼室を画成する冠面を有する冠部と、
該冠部と一体に設けられ、シリンダ壁面に摺動するスラスト側と反スラスト側のスカート部と、
該一対のスカート部の円周方向から連結されて、ピストンピン孔が形成されたピンボスを有する一対のエプロン部と、
前記冠部の冠面と反対側の裏面に形成されて、前記両スカート部間をほぼ長手方向に沿って形成された凹部と、
該凹部の底面に一体に設けられ、前記一対のエプロン部の並び方向あるいは一対のスカート部の並び方向へ沿って延出された複数の凸部と、
を備え、
前記各凸部の長手方向の少なくとも一端縁が、該一端縁と対向する前記凹部の内側面に一体に連結されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関用ピストンにおいて、
前記各凸部の高さは、前記凹部の深さよりも同等あるいは低く形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項2に記載の内燃機関用ピストンにおいて、
前記凹部は、長辺が前記両スカート部方向に沿った矩形長溝状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関用ピストンであって、
前記凸部は、前記ピストンピン孔の軸線方向に沿って複数形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項4に記載の内燃機関用ピストンにおいて、
前記複数の凸部は、ある特定の隣接する2つの凸部の間隔が、それ以外の隣接する凸部間の間隔よりも大きく形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関用ピストンにおいて、
前記複数の凸部は、円弧状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項6に記載の内燃機関用ピストンにおいて、
前記円弧状の凸部は、径方向外側に凸形状となるように形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関用ピストンにおいて、
前記複数の凸部は、楔状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項8に記載の内燃機関用ピストンにおいて、
前記複数の凸部は径方向外側に凸状となるように形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 請求項1に記載の内燃機関用ピストンであって、
前記複数の凸部は、前記凹部のピストンピン孔の軸方向及びこれに交差するように延びる格子状に形成されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストン。 - 燃焼室を画成する冠面を有する冠部と、
該冠部と一体に設けられ、シリンダ壁面に摺動するスラスト側と反スラスト側のスカート部と、
該一対のスカート部の円周方向から連結されて、ピストンピン孔が形成されたピンボスを有する一対のエプロン部と、
を備えた内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置であって、
前記両スカート部や両エプロン部の内面及び冠部の冠面と反対側の裏面を成形し、該裏面の前記両スカート部間に凹部を成形し、該凹部の内面と一体に前記一対のスカート部の並び方向あるいは前記一対のエプロン部の並び方向に設けられた複数の凸部を成形する下型と、
該下型の上方位置に配置され、前記冠部の冠面側を成形する上型と、
を備え、
前記下型は、
前記両スカート部の各内面を形成する内面形成部の中央部の上面に、前記凹部を形成する突出部が形成されていると共に、該突出部の上面に前記各凸部を形成する複数の溝部が形成され、
前記中央部の高さが、下型の他の内面形成部よりも前記突出部の分だけ高く形成されていると共に、前記各溝部の深さを前記突出部の高さよりも浅く形成し、
さらに、前記各溝部の長手方向の少なくとも一端側に形成された開口部が各溝部の底面より低くあるいはほぼ同一の高さに形成されて、
前記金型の内部に注入された溶湯金属を、前記開口部から前記各溝部の底面側に流入させたことを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項11に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置において、
前記下型は、
前記突出部や各溝部及び開口部が設けられた第1コアと、
該第1コアの外周側に配置されて、前記スカート部やエプロン部の内面を形成する第2コアと、
を備えていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 請求項12に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置において、
前記下型の型締め後における前記第1コアの各溝部の底面は、前記第2コアの鉛直方向の高さよりも高い位置に配置されていることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置。 - 燃焼室を画成する冠面を有する冠部と、
該冠部と一体に設けられ、シリンダ壁面に摺動するスラスト側と反スラスト側のスカート部と、
該一対のスカート部の円周方向から連結されて、ピストンピン孔が形成されたピンボスを有する一対のエプロン部と
前記冠部の冠面と反対側の裏面に形成されて、前記両スカート部間をほぼ長手方向に沿って形成された凹部と、
該凹部の内面に一体に設けられ、前記エプロン部方向へ沿って延出された複数の凸部と、
前記各凸部の長手方向の少なくとも一端縁が、該一端縁と対向する前記凹部の周縁よりも内側に配置されてなる内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法において、
前記冠部の冠面と反対側の裏面と両スカート部及び両エプロン部の各内面を成形する下型を型締めすると共に、前記冠部の冠面を成形する上型を前記下型の上方所定位置にセットする型締め工程と、
前記下型と上型との間に形成されたキャビティに重力鋳造法によって溶湯を注入する注入工程と、
前記注入工程中に、前記複数の凸部を成形する金型の溝部に、該溝部の一端部に形成された開口部を介して溝部の底面側に前記溶湯を流入させる流入工程と、
前記キャビティ内に溶湯が充填されて冷却固化した後に、前記金型を離型させて前記ピストンをキャビティ内から取り出す取り出し工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法。 - 請求項14に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法であって、
前記下型は、分割された複数のコアから構成され、該複数のコアのうち、上面に前記凹部を成形する突出部を有するセンターコアは、前記下型が型締めされた後において、少なくとも前記突出部の分だけ他のコアよりも高く配置されて、前記流入工程では、前記センターコアの上面側に回り込んだ溶湯を、前記開口部を介して各溝部の底部側から流入させることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法。 - 請求項15に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法において、
前記下型の型締め後は、前記センターコアの前記突出部が形成された上面が前記他のコアの高さよりも高い位置になるように配置されて、前記流入工程では、前記他の上面側から各溝部の底面に開口部を介して溶湯を流入させることを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法。 - 請求項15に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法において、
前記センターコア以外の他のコアは、前記スカート部やエプロン部の内面を成形することを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法。 - 請求項15に記載の内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法において、
前記離型させてピストンをキャビティ内から取り出す工程で、前記下型は、前記センターコアを下降させた後に、この空間内に前記他のコアを互いに近接移動させて離型することを特徴とする内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法。
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JP2016562337A JP6283751B2 (ja) | 2014-12-02 | 2015-10-14 | 内燃機関用ピストンの製造装置及び製造方法 |
CN201580066050.2A CN107002593B (zh) | 2014-12-02 | 2015-10-14 | 内燃机用活塞、该活塞的制造装置以及制造方法 |
US15/531,863 US10487772B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2015-10-14 | Piston for internal combustion engine, and production method and production device for piston for internal combustion engine |
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DE102017207005A1 (de) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-10-31 | Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH | Einteiliger, gegossener Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
DE102017211335A1 (de) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-01-10 | Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor, Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, Kolbenrohling zur Herstellung des Kolbens sowie Gießform oder Schmiedegesenk zur Herstellung eines Kolbenrohlings |
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