WO2016061937A1 - 精密回转传动机构 - Google Patents

精密回转传动机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016061937A1
WO2016061937A1 PCT/CN2015/071533 CN2015071533W WO2016061937A1 WO 2016061937 A1 WO2016061937 A1 WO 2016061937A1 CN 2015071533 W CN2015071533 W CN 2015071533W WO 2016061937 A1 WO2016061937 A1 WO 2016061937A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission mechanism
gear
worm
shaft
precision rotary
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/071533
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金良华
Original Assignee
浙江恒丰泰减速机制造有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江恒丰泰减速机制造有限公司 filed Critical 浙江恒丰泰减速机制造有限公司
Publication of WO2016061937A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016061937A1/zh
Priority to US15/494,523 priority Critical patent/US10295032B2/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/041Combinations of toothed gearings only for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H1/321Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear the orbital gear being nutating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H2001/323Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear comprising eccentric crankshafts driving or driven by a gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H2001/325Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear comprising a carrier with pins guiding at least one orbital gear with circular holes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a precision rotary transmission mechanism.
  • the precision rotary transmission mechanism is widely used in the fields of solar power generation devices, radar antenna positioning devices, and the like, and most of them adopt transmission forms such as gear pairs and ball screw pairs.
  • transmission forms such as gear pairs and ball screw pairs.
  • gears, ball screws and other transmission forms multi-stage transmission is required, and the number of teeth of single-stage meshing gears is large to meet the large transmission ratio, which seriously affects the service life of the gears and makes the whole The structure is very complicated and huge.
  • gears, ball screws and other transmission forms it is generally not suitable for use in harsh weather conditions, such as solar transmissions used in harsh field environments, and harsh field environments for second transmission mechanisms.
  • the accuracy and durability of the drive components present a rigorous test.
  • As a solar power generation tracking device a large deviation of the reflected light is caused by a slight sway of the heliostat. Therefore, high requirements are placed on the return difference of the output shaft of the transmission.
  • the gear form mainly adopts an adjustable small backlash gear or a variable tooth thick gear, but the single-stage transmission is relatively small, and it is difficult to meet the overall design requirements of a large transmission ratio.
  • the precision rotary transmission mechanism generally includes a second transmission mechanism, a vertical second transmission mechanism, and a fixing bracket and a connecting portion. Due to the complexity and large volume of the structure of the second transmission mechanism and the vertical second transmission mechanism, the overall size of the overall mechanism is inevitably larger and the structure is more complicated (for example, the application number is 200980132680.X
  • the patent entitled 'Gear Transmission and Solar Power Generation Device Using the Gear Transmission' discloses a gear-driven precision rotary transmission mechanism. However, the drive shaft of the precision rotary transmission mechanism is geared and the output end is only the shaft. At the end of the 110th, it can be seen that the cross-sectional area of the output shaft is only a small part of the device, resulting in insufficient rigidity, weak impact resistance and short service life. ).
  • the precision rotary transmission mechanism mainly solves the problems that the existing precision rotary transmission mechanism has complicated structure, low transmission efficiency, insufficient rigidity of the output shaft, weak bearing capacity and impact resistance, and short service life.
  • a precision rotary transmission mechanism comprising a fixing bracket, wherein: the fixing bracket is provided with a rotating box, the rotating box is rotated by a rotating box axis, and the rotating box is provided with an output surface for connecting with a load, A motor is connected to the rotating box, and the rotating box is provided with a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism and an output member. One end of the first transmission mechanism is connected to the motor, and the other end is connected with the second transmission mechanism. The second transmission mechanism drives the rotating box to rotate synchronously through the output member.
  • the second transmission mechanism includes an intermediate gear shaft, a planetary gear, an eccentric shaft, a cycloidal wheel and an internal ring gear, the intermediate gear shaft meshes with a planetary gear, and the planetary gear is fixedly connected with the eccentric shaft, the eccentricity
  • the shaft is connected to the cycloidal wheel through a bearing, and a plurality of pins are evenly distributed between the cycloidal wheel and the ring gear, and the cycloidal wheel drives the output member to rotate and output through the pin shaft.
  • Both ends of the rotating box are provided with the output surface for connecting with the load.
  • the output member is mounted in the fixed bracket by a thin-walled bearing.
  • the bottom of the rotating box is provided with a slewing bearing
  • the slewing bearing comprises a sliding bearing inner ring and a slewing bearing outer ring
  • the slewing bearing outer ring is provided with a first mounting hole
  • the fixing bracket is provided with
  • the first mounting hole is fitted with a second mounting hole, and the first and second mounting holes are fixedly connected by screws.
  • the output member is adapted to a planetary gear, and the inner ring of the slewing bearing is fixedly connected to the output member.
  • the output member is adapted to the inner ring gear, and the inner ring of the slewing bearing is fixedly connected to the output member.
  • the first transmission mechanism includes a worm gear and a worm that mesh with each other, and the worm is coupled to the motor through a motor flange.
  • the first transmission mechanism includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear that mesh with each other, and the first bevel gear is coupled to the motor.
  • a worm gear box Also included is a worm gear box, the first and second bevel gears being coupled to the motor by a worm gear box.
  • the first transmission mechanism further includes a worm connecting shaft, and one end of the worm connecting shaft is connected to the worm and the other end is connected to the motor.
  • the second transmission mechanism includes an intermediate gear shaft, a planetary gear, an eccentric shaft and a curved wheel, the worm wheel and the intermediate gear shaft are connected by a key, the intermediate gear shaft meshes with a planetary gear, the planetary gear and the
  • the eccentric shaft is fixedly connected, and the eccentric shaft is connected to the curved wheel through a bearing, and a plurality of needle rollers are evenly distributed between the curved wheel and the inner ring gear, and the curved wheel drives the output member to rotate and output through the needle roller.
  • the bearing is a full complement roller bearing.
  • the first transmission mechanism further includes a motor flange and a worm connecting gear, wherein the motor is provided with a spline shaft, and the spline shaft is connected to the worm connecting gear through a motor flange, and the worm connecting gear is connected with the worm Axis connection.
  • a worm support is further included, the worm support is mounted on one end of the worm, and the other end is mounted on the inner wall of the rotary case by screws.
  • the fixed bracket is further provided with a slewing support outer ring and a slewing support inner ring which are mutually adapted, and the slewing support outer ring is fixedly mounted on the fixed bracket by screws.
  • the inner wall of the outer ring of the slewing ring is combined with an inner ring gear, the output member is the inner ring gear, the upper end of the inner ring gear is connected with the rotating box and the lower end is fixedly connected with the inner ring gear.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects of providing a precision rotary transmission mechanism, comprising a rotating box provided on the fixed frame, the motor on the rotating box drives the second transmission mechanism to drive the first transmission mechanism, and the second transmission mechanism drives the output member to drive the rotation.
  • the box rotates, and the rotating box is provided with an output surface connected with the load.
  • the utility model has the advantages of compact and practical structure, simple structure, large output shaft and large rigidity, and can be outputted at both ends, and the overall weight is light, suitable for industrial mass production, and the transmission ratio is large. It has the characteristics of high transmission efficiency, small backlash, strong carrying capacity, strong impact resistance and long service life.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 5AA.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 5BB.
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a left side elevational view of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a precision rotary transmission mechanism includes a fixing bracket 1 and the fixing bracket 1
  • a rotating box 112 which is rotated by the axis of the rotating box 112.
  • the rotating box 112 is provided with an output surface 1121 for connection with a load, and the rotating box 112
  • a motor is connected to the rotating box 112, and a first transmission mechanism 1122, a second transmission mechanism 33 and an output member 19 are provided, and the first transmission mechanism 1122 One end is connected to the motor, the other end is connected to the second transmission mechanism 33, and the second transmission mechanism 33 drives the rotary case 112 through the output member 19. Rotate synchronously.
  • the motor is located on one side of the transmission device and rotates together with the rotation of the transmission device.
  • the beneficial effect of the invention is to provide a precision rotary transmission mechanism, including a rotating box provided on the fixed frame, and the motor on the rotating box drives the first transmission
  • the mechanism drives the second transmission mechanism to work, and the second transmission mechanism drives the output member to drive the rotation box to rotate.
  • the rotating box is provided with an output surface connected to the load, and has a compact and practical structure, a simple structure, a large output shaft and a large rigidity, and can be both ends
  • the output and the overall weight are light, suitable for industrial mass production, large transmission ratio, high transmission efficiency, small backlash, strong carrying capacity, strong impact resistance and long service life.
  • both ends of the rotating box 112 are provided with the output surface for connection with the load. Both ends can be output, and the practical effect is better.
  • the second transmission mechanism 33 includes an intermediate gear shaft 23, a planetary gear 30, and an eccentric shaft 26 a cycloidal wheel 28 and an inner ring gear 20, the intermediate gear shaft 23 meshes with a planetary gear 30, the planetary gear 30 is fixedly coupled to the eccentric shaft 26, and the eccentric shaft 26 passes through a bearing 27 is connected to the cycloidal wheel 28, and a plurality of pins 29 are evenly distributed between the cycloidal wheel 28 and the ring gear 20, and the cycloidal wheel 28 drives the output member through the pin 29 Rotate the output.
  • the motor is driven by the motor flange and the worm, and is driven by a worm gear.
  • the worm wheel 25 is connected to the intermediate gear shaft 23, and the input is transmitted to the intermediate gear shaft 23, the intermediate gear shaft 23 and the planetary gear 30. Engagement, the input is transmitted to the gearbox eccentric shaft 26, and the eccentric shaft 26 is connected to the cycloidal wheel 28 via the bearing 27, and the outer circumference of the cycloidal wheel 28 is the inner ring gear 20, the inner ring gear 20 and the fixed bracket 1 It is integral, the inner ring gear 20 is on the inner side of the fixed bracket 1, and the pin shaft 29 is evenly distributed between the cycloidal wheel 28 and the inner ring gear 20, and the output member 19 is positioned in the fixed bracket through the thin-walled bearing 22, the cycloidal wheel 28 Drive the output through the pin 29. Turn the output.
  • the motor is fixed by the motor flange connection, and the motor shaft is coupled with the worm, the worm is combined with the worm wheel, and the worm wheel and the intermediate gear shaft 23 One end is fixed together.
  • the end of the intermediate gear shaft 23 is splined, and the spline is engaged with the planetary gear 30, thus driving the input to the eccentric mechanism.
  • Planetary gear 30 is coupled to eccentric shaft 26, eccentric shaft 26
  • the upper eccentric portion is connected to the cycloidal wheel 28 via a bearing 27.
  • the outer circumference of the cycloidal wheel 28 is the inner ring gear 20, and the inner pin gear 20 and the cycloidal wheel 28 are evenly distributed with the pin shaft 29.
  • the thin-walled bearing 2 is positioned in the fixed bracket 1 , and under the premise that the fixed bracket 1 is fixed, the cycloidal wheel 28 is eccentrically moved with the fixed fixed bracket 1 as a fulcrum, and the pin 29 is driven, and the output member is driven at the same time.
  • the circular motion is carried out to drive the positioning of the workpiece such as the heliostat of the solar power generating device.
  • the efficiency of the spur gear transmission is high; the precision of the cycloidal wheel, the pin shaft, the inner ring gear and the transmission frame is easily ensured, the output backlash is extremely small, and the multi-point meshing output is large, and the output stiffness is large. Strong impact resistance, especially suitable for occasions with very bad weather conditions.
  • the motor is located on one side of the transmission device and rotates together with the rotation of the transmission device, which can realize the output of both ends of the transmission device, eliminating the disadvantage that the transmission device can only output the output of one end, and it is easier to meet the requirements of use, and the worm wheel is adopted.
  • the combination of worm and planetary small-toothed cycloidal transmission has the characteristics of compact structure, large transmission ratio, high transmission efficiency, small backlash, strong impact resistance and long service life.
  • the output member 19 is mounted to the fixed bracket by the thin-walled bearing 2 Inside.
  • the structure is simple and the effect is good.
  • the first transmission mechanism 1122 includes a worm gear 5 and a worm 8 that mesh with each other, and the worm 8 Connect to the motor via motor flange 7.
  • This scheme is the preferred solution.
  • the worm and worm gear can be self-locking, the effect is good, the transmission ratio is large, the transmission efficiency is high, the backlash is small, and the impact resistance is strong.
  • the first transmission mechanism 1122 includes a first bevel gear 51 and a bevel gear 52 that mesh with each other.
  • the first bevel gear 51 is coupled to the motor.
  • a bevel gear drive can also be used as an alternative.
  • a worm gear box 53 is also included, and the first and second bevel gears pass through the worm gear box 53. Connect to the motor.
  • the bevel gear cooperates with the worm gear box to realize the self-locking function. It can be used with other options and the effect is better.
  • the structure can also be installed in Figure 3 and 4.
  • the illustrated second transmission mechanism is substituted for the structure of the worm gear.
  • the bottom of the rotating box 112 is provided with a slewing bearing 113, and the slewing bearing 113 This includes sliding the inner ring 114 of the slewing bearing and the outer ring 115 of the slewing bearing.
  • the output member 19 is adapted to the planet gear 30, the slewing bearing inner ring 114 and the output member 19 Fixed connection.
  • the structure is simple and the effect is good.
  • the output member 19 is adapted to the inner ring gear 20, the inner ring 114 of the slewing bearing and the output member 19 Fixed connection.
  • the structure is simple and the effect is good.
  • the slewing bearing outer ring 115 is provided with a first mounting hole 117, and the fixing bracket 1 A second mounting hole adapted to the first mounting hole 117 is provided thereon.
  • the first and second mounting holes are fixedly connected by screws.
  • the first transmission mechanism 1122 further includes a worm connecting shaft 21, and the worm connecting shaft 21 One end is connected to the worm 5 and the other end is connected to the motor.
  • the motor is located on one side of the transmission device and rotates together with the rotation of the transmission device, and the rotating box provided on the fixed frame, the motor on the rotating box drives the second transmission mechanism to drive the first transmission mechanism, and the second transmission mechanism drives
  • the output member drives the rotating box to rotate, and the rotating box is provided with an output surface connected with the load, and has a compact and practical structure, a simple structure, a large rigidity of the output shaft bearing surface, a light overall weight, and is suitable for industrial mass production, transmission ratio.
  • the invention adopts a worm and worm wheel as the first mechanism, and includes a worm connecting shaft.
  • the external output spline shaft of the motor is connected with one end of the worm connecting gear and the worm connecting shaft, and the other end of the worm connecting shaft and the worm pass
  • the key connection realizes the connection of the motor and the worm at a long distance, so that the transmission ratio can reach tens of thousands.
  • the size of the worm gear itself should not be too large.
  • the mechanism increases the worm connecting shaft as a transition element and is connected with the motor output shaft, which greatly shortens the size of the worm, effectively improves the utilization of the worm, and facilitates the processing of the worm and ensures the machining accuracy thereof.
  • the embodiment provides a precision rotary transmission mechanism, including a rotating box provided on the fixed frame.
  • the motor on the rotating box drives the second transmission mechanism by driving the first transmission mechanism (ie, the worm gear mechanism), and the second transmission mechanism
  • the rotating box By driving the output member to drive the rotating box to rotate, the rotating box is provided with an output surface connected with the load, and has the advantages of compact structure, simple structure, large output bearing surface and light overall weight, suitable for industrial mass production and impact resistance. The ability is strong and the service life is long.
  • the first transmission mechanism is added to the worm connecting shaft, the overall length of the worm is shortened, which is convenient for installation and processing, and reduces the production cost.
  • the second transmission mechanism 33 includes an intermediate gear shaft 23, a planetary gear 30, and an eccentric shaft 26 And a curved wheel 71, the worm wheel 5 is coupled to the intermediate gear shaft 23 by a key, the intermediate gear shaft 23 is meshed with a planetary gear 30, and the planetary gear 30 and the eccentric shaft 26
  • the eccentric shaft 26 is connected to the curved wheel 71 via a bearing 27, and a plurality of needle rollers 81 are evenly distributed between the curved wheel 71 and the ring gear 20, and the curved wheel 71 passes through the needle roller 81.
  • the worm meshes with the worm wheel, and the worm wheel is connected with the intermediate gear shaft through a key.
  • the other end of the intermediate gear shaft is a gear (that is, a center wheel).
  • the center wheel meshes with the planetary gear
  • the planetary gear is fixedly connected with the eccentric shaft
  • the eccentric shaft rotates to drive the curved wheel.
  • the outer ring of the curved wheel meshes with the inner side of the needle roller
  • the outer side of the needle roller meshes with the inner ring gear.
  • the planet carrier assembly is output as an output member through the ring gear.
  • the inner ring gear is fixedly connected with the box body, so that the input of the first transmission mechanism is converted into the output of the second transmission mechanism, and the precision transmission is realized, and the structure is simple.
  • the bearing 27 is a full complement roller bearing.
  • Full complement roller bearings are full complement cylindrical roller bearings. At the same width, full complement roller bearings have a very high load carrying capacity compared to conventional cages with a small radial section, which saves space and structure. Compact and effective. Fully loaded roller bearings are used for stable and reliable load.
  • the first transmission mechanism 1122 further includes a motor flange 7 and a worm connecting gear 201.
  • the motor is provided with a spline shaft 18, and the spline shaft 18 is connected to the worm connecting gear 201 via a motor flange 7, and the worm connecting gear 201 is connected to the worm connecting shaft 21.
  • Electricity The external motor of the machine outputs the spline shaft, and the connecting part of the motor output flange and the worm is connected with the gear and the worm connecting shaft, so that the input torque of the motor can be transmitted to the worm.
  • the whole transmission mechanism is driven by multi-stage gears, and the transmission ratio can reach more than 100,000, which can meet the requirements of higher transmission ratio requirements.
  • the structure is simple, the transmission ratio is high, and the use effect is good, which is a preferred solution.
  • a worm support base 22 is also included, and the worm support is mounted on one end of the worm support base 22 The other end is attached to the inner wall of the rotating case 112 by screws.
  • the worm is fixed to the box through the worm support, which is compact and easy to manufacture, reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the fixing bracket 1 The slewing support outer ring 4 and the slewing support inner ring 3 are also mounted on the top, and the slewing support outer ring 4 is fixedly mounted on the fixing bracket 1 by screws.
  • the worm is fixed to the box through the worm support, which is compact and easy to manufacture, reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the inner wall of the slewing ring 4 is combined with an inner ring gear 91
  • the output member 19 is the inner ring gear 91
  • the upper end of the ring gear 91 is connected to the rotating box 112.
  • the lower end is fixedly connected to the ring gear 91.
  • the internal reduction gear mechanism of the mechanism is integrated inside the slewing support, so that the overall structure of the transmission mechanism is more compact and the volume is reduced.
  • the input torque is transmitted to the inner ring gear through the worm gear and the planetary cycloid drive, and the inner ring gear is compounded inside the slewing ring, so that most of the The load is transferred to the slewing support, and the slewing bearing itself can withstand very large loads, ensuring that the entire mechanism can withstand large loads and impacts, reducing the impact on the internal structure, and greatly improving the overall bearing capacity of the mechanism.
  • the overall height of the overall height of the mechanism is reduced, and when the tensile load and the bending moment are received, the distance between the action point and the support position is short due to the force. Under the condition of constant strength, the overturning moment is increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

精密回转传动机构,包括固定支架(1),固定支架(1)上设有转动箱(112),转动箱上连接有电机,转动箱内设有第一传动机构(1122)、第二传动机构(33)和输出件(19),第一传动机构一端与电机相连,另一端与第二传动机构连接,第二传动机构通过输出件带动转动箱同步转动。该传动机构结构简单紧凑、输出轴较大刚性大且可以两端输出,总体重量较轻,适合产业化大批量生产,传动比大,传动效率高,回差小,承载能力强,抗冲击能力强,使用寿命长。

Description

精密回转传动机构
技术领域
本发明涉及精密回转传动机构。
背景技术
目前已有的精密回转传动机构,广泛的使用于太阳能发电装置、雷达天线定位装置等领域,其大多数采用齿轮副、滚珠丝杠副等传动形式。为了满足输出足够大的扭矩要求,并且消耗电机的功率尽可能小,这样往往需要传动装置总的传动比要达到几万。要满足如此大的传动比,对于齿轮、滚珠丝杠等传动形式来说,需要多级传动,并且单级啮合齿轮齿数相差较大才能满足大传动比,严重影响了齿轮的使用寿命和使得整体结构非常复杂、庞大。对于齿轮、滚珠丝杠等传动形式,从使用条件来说,一般不适用于天气环境非常恶劣的条件下,如应用于恶劣的野外环境下的太阳能传动装置,恶劣的野外环境对于第二传动机构的精度和传动部件的使用寿命提出了严酷的考验。作为太阳能发电跟踪装置,由于定日镜微小的晃动会造成反射光很大的偏差。因此对于传动装置输出轴的回差提出了很高的要求。齿轮形式主要采用可调整的小侧隙齿轮或变齿厚齿轮,但是单级传动比较小,很难满足大的传动比的总体设计要求。滚珠丝杠传动间隙调整需要增加预紧力,增大了摩擦,降低了传动效率,加速了丝杠的摩擦,减少了使用寿命。目前已有的精密回转传动机构,一般包括第二传动机构、垂直第二传动机构及固定支架和连接部分。由于第二传动机构和垂直第二传动机构自身结构的复杂和大体积,这样必然导致整体机构的体积更加庞大、结构更加复杂,(例如,申请号为 200980132680.X ,名称为'齿轮传动装置和利用该齿轮传动装置的太阳能发电装置'的专利公开了一种齿轮传动精密回转传动机构,然而该精密回转传动机构的主动轴是采用齿轮传动且输出端仅为轴 110 端,可见其输出轴的横截面积仅为装置很小的一部分,导致其刚性不足、抗冲击能力弱、使用寿命较短。)。
发明内容
为了克服背景技术的不足,本发明提供 精密回转传动机构,主要解决现有的精密回转传动机构结构复杂、传动效率较低、输出轴较小刚性不足、承载能力和抗冲击能力弱、使用寿命较短的问题。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种精密回转传动机构,包括固定支架,其特征在于:所述固定支架上设有转动箱,所述转动箱以转动箱轴线转动,所述转动箱上设有用于与负载连接的输出面,所述转动箱上连接有电机,所述转动箱内设有第一传动机构,第二传动机构和输出件,所述第一传动机构一端与电机相连,另一端与第二传动机构连接,所述第二传动机构通过输出件带动转动箱同步转动。
所述第二传动机构包括中间齿轮轴、行星齿轮、偏心轴、摆线轮和内齿圈,所述中间齿轮轴与行星齿轮啮合,所述行星齿轮与所述偏心轴固定连接,所述偏心轴通过轴承与摆线轮连接,所述摆线轮与内齿圈之间均布若干销轴,所述摆线轮通过销轴带动输出件旋转输出。
所述转动箱两端均设有所述用于与负载连接的输出面。
所述输出件通过薄壁轴承安装在固定支架内。
所述转动箱底部设有回转轴承,所述回转轴承包括互相滑动配合回转轴承内圈和回转轴承外圈,所述回转轴承外圈上设有第一安装孔,所述固定支架上设有与第一安装孔适配的第二安装孔,所述第一、二安装孔通过螺钉固定连接。
所述输出件与行星齿轮适配,所述回转轴承内圈与输出件固定连接。
所述输出件与内齿圈适配,所述回转轴承内圈与输出件固定连接。
所述第一传动机构包括相互啮合的蜗轮和蜗杆,所述蜗杆通过电机法兰与电机连接。
所述第一传动机构包括相互啮合的第一锥形齿轮和第二锥形齿轮,所述第一锥形齿轮与电机连接。
还包括蜗轮蜗杆箱,所述第一、二锥形齿轮通过蜗轮蜗杆箱与电机连接。
所述第一传动机构还包括蜗杆连接轴,所述蜗杆连接轴一端与蜗杆连接,另一端与电机连接。
所述第二传动机构包括中间齿轮轴、行星齿轮、偏心轴和曲线轮,所述蜗轮与所述中间齿轮轴通过键连接,所述中间齿轮轴与行星齿轮啮合,所述行星齿轮与所述偏心轴固定连接,所述偏心轴通过轴承与曲线轮连接,所述曲线轮与内齿圈之间均布若干滚针,所述曲线轮通过滚针带动输出件旋转输出。
所述轴承为满装滚子轴承。
所述第一传动机构还包括电机法兰、蜗杆连接齿轮,所述电机上设有花键轴,所述花键轴通过电机法兰连接蜗杆连接齿轮,所述蜗杆连接齿轮与所述蜗杆连接轴连接。
还包括蜗杆支撑座,所述蜗杆支撑座一端安装所述蜗杆,另一端通过螺钉安装在所述转动箱内壁。
所述固定支架上还安装有相互适配的回转支撑外圈和回转支撑内圈,所述回转支撑外圈通过螺钉固定安装在固定支架上。
所述回转支撑外圈内壁复合有内齿圈,所述输出件为所述内齿圈,所述内齿圈上端与转动箱连接且下端与内齿圈固定连接。
本发明的有益效果是提供精密回转传动机构,包括固定机架上设有的转动箱,转动箱上的电机通过带动第一传动机构带动第二传动机构工作,第二传动机构带动输出件带动转动箱转动,转动箱上设有与负载连接的输出面,具有结构紧凑实用、结构简单、输出轴较大刚性大且可以两端输出、总体重量较轻、适合产业化大批量生产,传动比大、传动效率高、回差小、承载能力强、抗冲击能力强及使用寿命长的特点。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明一个实施例的局部剖视示意图。
图 2 为图 5AA 处局部剖视图。
图 3 为图 5BB 处剖视图。
图 4 为本发明一个实施例的主视图。
图 5 为本发明一个实施例的剖视示意图。
图 6 为本发明一个实施例的俯视图。
图 7 为本发明一个实施例的左视图。
图 8 为本发明一个实施例的剖视图。
图 9 为本发明另一个实施例的剖视图。
图 10 为本发明另一个实施例的剖视图。
图 11 为本发明另一个实施例的局部剖视示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明:如图所示,精密回转传动机构,包括固定支架 1 ,所述固定支架 1 上设有转动箱 112 ,所述转动箱 112 以转动箱 112 轴线转动,所述转动箱 112 上设有用于与负载连接的输出面 1121 ,所述转动箱 112 上连接有电机,所述转动箱 112 内设有第一传动机构 1122 ,第二传动机构 33 和输出件 19 ,所述第一传动机构 1122 一端与电机相连,另一端与第二传动机构 33 连接,所述第二传动机构 33 通过输出件 19 带动转动箱 112 同步转动。电机位于传动装置的一侧,并随传动装置的旋转一起转动,本发明的有益效果是提供精密回转传动机构,包括固定机架上设有的转动箱,转动箱上的电机通过带动第一传动机构带动第二传动机构工作,第二传动机构带动输出件带动转动箱转动,转动箱上设有与负载连接的输出面,具有结构紧凑实用、结构简单、输出轴较大刚性大且可以两端输出、总体重量较轻、适合产业化大批量生产,传动比大、传动效率高、回差小、承载能力强、抗冲击能力强及使用寿命长的特点。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述转动箱 112 两端均设有所述用于与负载连接的输出面 1121 ,两端均可以输出,实用效果更好。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述第二传动机构 33 包括中间齿轮轴 23 、行星齿轮 30 、偏心轴 26 、摆线轮 28 和内齿圈 20 ,所述中间齿轮轴 23 与行星齿轮 30 啮合,所述行星齿轮 30 与所述偏心轴 26 固定连接,所述偏心轴 26 通过轴承 27 与摆线轮 28 连接,所述摆线轮 28 与内齿圈 20 之间均布若干销轴 29 ,所述摆线轮 28 通过销轴 29 带动输出件 19 旋转输出。电机通过电机法兰与蜗杆传动,通过蜗轮蜗杆传动,蜗轮 25 与中间齿轮轴 23 相连,将输入传到中间齿轮轴 23 ,中间齿轮轴 23 与行星齿轮 30 啮合,将输入传到齿轮箱偏心轴 26 ,偏心轴 26 通过轴承 27 与摆线轮 28 连接,摆线轮 28 的外周为内齿圈 20 ,内齿圈 20 和固定支架 1 是一体的,内齿圈 20 在固定支架 1 的内侧,摆线轮 28 与内齿圈 20 之间均布销轴 29 ,输出件 19 通过薄壁轴承 22 定位在固定支架内,摆线轮 28 通过销轴 29 带动输出件 19 旋转输出。电机通过电机法兰连接固定,并使电机轴与蜗杆联接在一起,蜗杆与蜗轮合,蜗轮与中间齿轮轴 23 一端固连在一起。中间齿轮轴 23 一端的端是花键,花键与行星齿轮 30 啮合,这样将输入传动了偏心机构上。行星齿轮 30 与偏心轴 26 联接,偏心轴 26 上的偏心部分通过轴承 27 与摆线轮 28 连接。摆线轮 28 的外周是内齿圈 20 ,内齿圈 20 与摆线轮 28 之间均布销轴 29 。输出件 19 通过薄壁轴承 2 定位在固定支架 1 内,在固定支架 1 固定的前提下,摆线轮 28 以固定的固定支架 1 为支点做偏心运动,推动销轴 29 ,同时带动输出件 19 作圆周运动,从而带动工作件如太阳能发电装置的定日镜旋转定位。在本精密回转传动机构中,圆柱齿轮传动的效率高;摆线轮、销轴、内齿圈和传动架的精度容易保证,输出背隙极小,且属多点啮合输出,输出刚度大,抗冲击能力强,特别适用于天气环境非常恶劣的场合。电机位于传动装置的一侧,并随传动装置的旋转一起转动,可以实现传动装置的两端输出,消除了传动装置只能一端输入一端输出的弊端,更容易满足使用要求,采用蜗轮 - 蜗杆和行星少齿差摆线相结合传动方式,具有结构紧凑实用、传动比大、传动效率高、回差小、抗冲击能力强及使用寿命长的特点。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述输出件 19 通过薄壁轴承 2 安装在固定支架 1 内。结构简单,使用效果好。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述第一传动机构 1122 包括相互啮合的蜗轮 5 和蜗杆 8 ,所述蜗杆 8 通过电机法兰 7 与电机连接。此方案为优选方案,蜗杆蜗轮可以自锁,使用效果好,传动比大,传动效率高、回差小、抗冲击能力强。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述第一传动机构 1122 包括相互啮合的第一锥形齿轮 51 和锥形齿轮 52 ,所述第一锥形齿轮 51 与电机连接。也可以采用锥形齿轮传动,为备选方案。
在本发明中,如图 2 所示,还包括蜗轮蜗杆箱 53 ,所述第一、二锥形齿轮通过蜗轮蜗杆箱 53 与电机连接。锥形齿轮配合蜗轮蜗杆箱可以实现自锁功能,配合备选方案使用,使用效果更好,该结构也可以安装在图 3 、 4 的所示的第二传动机构上来代替蜗轮蜗杆的结构。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述还转动箱 112 底部设有回转轴承 113 ,所述回转轴承 113 包括互相滑动配合回转轴承内圈 114 和回转轴承外圈 115 。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述输出件 19 与行星齿轮 30 适配,所述回转轴承内圈 114 与输出件 19 固定连接。结构简单,使用效果好。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述输出件 19 与内齿圈 20 适配,所述回转轴承内圈 114 与输出件 19 固定连接。结构简单,使用效果好。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述回转轴承外圈 115 上设有第一安装孔 117 ,所述固定支架 1 上设有与第一安装孔 117 适配的第二安装孔 118 ,所述第一、二安装孔通过螺钉固定连接。当回转轴承内圈固定时,回转轴承外圈可以转动,当回转轴承外圈固定时,回转轴承内圈可以转动。
在本发明中,如图所示, 所述第一传动机构 1122 还包括蜗杆连接轴 21 ,所述蜗杆连接轴 21 一端与蜗杆 5 连接,另一端与电机连接。 电机位于传动装置的一侧,并随传动装置的旋转一起转动,固定机架上设有的转动箱,转动箱上的电机通过带动第一传动机构带动第二传动机构工作,第二传动机构带动输出件带动转动箱转动,转动箱上设有与负载连接的输出面,具有结构紧凑实用、结构简单、输出轴承载面较大刚性大、总体重量较轻、适合产业化大批量生产,传动比大、传动效率高、回差小、承载能力强、抗冲击能力强及使用寿命长的特点。另一方面,本发明采用蜗杆蜗轮作为第一机构,并且包括蜗杆连接轴,在使用的时候,电机外接输出花键轴与蜗杆连接齿轮和蜗杆连接轴一端连接,蜗杆连接轴另一端与蜗杆通过键连接,实现了电机与蜗杆较远距离的连接,这样,传动比可以达到几万左右。作为机构输入部分,蜗轮蜗杆的尺寸本身就不应该太大。如果蜗轮蜗杆的尺寸过大,蜗杆的安装位置就会更加靠近外侧,不便于安装,而且承载强度也将减弱;尺寸过大还带来的问题就是加工难度增大,增加了制造成本。该机构增加蜗杆连接轴作为过渡元件与电机输出轴相连,大大缩短了蜗杆的尺寸,有效地提高了蜗杆的利用率,并且便于蜗杆的加工和保证了其加工精度。该实施例提供一种精密回转传动机构,包括固定机架上设有的转动箱,转动箱上的电机通过带动第一传动机构(即蜗轮蜗杆机构)带动第二传动机构工作,第二传动机构通过带动输出件带动转动箱转动,转动箱上设有与负载连接的输出面,具有结构紧凑实用、结构简单、输出轴承载面较大且总体重量较轻、适合产业化大批量生产、抗冲击能力强及使用寿命长的特点,另外由于第一传动机构加入了蜗杆连接轴,使得蜗杆的整体长度减短,便于安装、加工,降低了生产成本。
在本发明中,如图所示, 所述第二传动机构 33 包括中间齿轮轴 23 、行星齿轮 30 、偏心轴 26 和曲线轮 71 ,所述蜗轮 5 与所述中间齿轮轴 23 通过键连接,所述中间齿轮轴 23 与行星齿轮 30 啮合,所述行星齿轮 30 与所述偏心轴 26 固定连接,所述偏心轴 26 通过轴承 27 与曲线轮 71 连接,所述曲线轮 71 与内齿圈 20 之间均布若干滚针 81 ,所述曲线轮 71 通过滚针 81 带动输出件 19 旋转输出。 蜗杆与蜗轮啮合,蜗轮又与中间齿轮轴通过键连接,中间齿轮轴另一端是齿轮(也就是中心轮),中心轮与行星齿轮啮合,行星齿轮与偏心轴固连,偏心轴转动带动曲线轮转动,曲线轮外圈与滚针内侧啮合,滚针外侧又与内齿圈啮合。在机构内部行星架组件通过内齿圈作为输出部件输出。内齿圈与箱体固连,这样就将第一传动机构的输入转化为第二传动机构的输出,实现了精密传动,结构简单。
在本发明中,如图所示, 所述轴承 27 为满装滚子轴承。 满装滚子轴承即满装圆柱滚子轴承,在同样宽度下,满装滚子轴承与传统型带保持架轴承相比,具有极高的承载能力,径向截面小,可以节省空间,结构紧凑,使用效果好。采用的是满装滚子轴承,承载稳定可靠。
在本发明中,如图所示, 所述第一传动机构 1122 还包括电机法兰 7 、蜗杆连接齿轮 201 ,所述电机上设有花键轴 18 ,所述花键轴 18 通过电机法兰 7 连接蜗杆连接齿轮 201 ,所述蜗杆连接齿轮 201 与所述蜗杆连接轴 21 连接。 电 机外接电机输出花键轴,经电机输出法兰与蜗杆连接齿轮和蜗杆连接轴等连接部件,这样就将电机输入转矩就可以传到蜗杆上了。整个传动机构经过多级齿轮传动,传动比可以达到十万以上,可以满足传动比要求较高的情况。结构简单,传动比高,使用效果好,是优选方案。
在本发明中,如图所示, 还包括蜗杆支撑座 22 ,所述蜗杆支撑座 22 一端安装所述蜗杆 8 ,另一端通过螺钉安装在所述转动箱 112 内壁。 蜗杆通过蜗杆支撑座固连在箱体上,结构紧凑,易于制造,降低了制造成本。在本发明中,如图所示, 所述固定支架 1 上还安装有相互适配的回转支撑外圈 4 和回转支撑内圈 3 ,所述回转支撑外圈 4 通过螺钉固定安装在固定支架 1 上。 蜗杆通过蜗杆支撑座固连在箱体上,结构紧凑,易于制造,降低了制造成本。
在本发明中,如图所示,所述回转支撑外圈4内壁复合有内齿圈91,所述输出件19为所述内齿圈91,所述内齿圈91上端与转动箱112连接且下端与内齿圈91固定连接。机构内部的减速传动机构整体复合在回转支撑内部,使得传动机构的整体结构更加紧凑,体积减少。从受载的方面来看,从电机输入转矩之后,经蜗轮蜗杆、行星摆线传动,将输入转矩传到内齿圈上,内齿圈复合在回转支撑的内部,从而将大部分的负载转移到了回转支撑上,回转支撑本身可以承受非常大的载荷,保证了整个机构可以承受较大载荷和冲击,减小了对内部结构的冲击,大大提高了机构整体的承载能力。相对于常规的将内齿圈安装在压盘11上的结构,机构的整体高度整体高度减小,在承受拉压载荷和弯矩的时候,由于力的作用点相对于支撑位置距离较短,在强度一定的条件下,承受的倾覆力矩增大。
实施例不应视为对本发明的限制,但任何基于本发明的精神所作的改进,都应在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种精密回转传动机构,包括固定支架(1),其特征在于:所述固定支架(1)上设有转动箱(112),所述转动箱(112)以转动箱(112)轴线转动,所述转动箱(112)上设有用于与负载连接的输出面(1121),所述转动箱(112)上连接有电机,所述转动箱(112)内设有第一传动机构(1122),第二传动机构(33)和输出件(19),所述第一传动机构(1122)一端与电机相连,另一端与第二传动机构(33)连接,所述第二传动机构(33)通过输出件(19)带动转动箱(112)同步转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述第二传动机构(33)包括中间齿轮轴(23)、行星齿轮(30)、偏心轴(26)、摆线轮(28)和内齿圈(20),所述中间齿轮轴(23)与行星齿轮(30)啮合,所述行星齿轮(30)与所述偏心轴(26)固定连接,所述偏心轴(26)通过轴承(27)与摆线轮(28)连接,所述摆线轮(28)与内齿圈(20)之间均布若干销轴(29),所述摆线轮(28)通过销轴(29)带动输出件(19)旋转输出。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述转动箱(112)两端均设有所述用于与负载连接的输出面(1121)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述输出件(19)通过薄壁轴承(2)安装在固定支架(1)内。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述转动箱(112)底部设有回转轴承(113),所述回转轴承(113)包括互相滑动配合回转轴承内圈(114)和回转轴承外圈(115),所述回转轴承外圈(115)上设有第一安装孔(117),所述固定支架(1)上设有与第一安装孔(117)适配的第二安装孔(118),所述第一、二安装孔通过螺钉固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述输出件(19)与行星齿轮(30)适配,所述回转轴承内圈(114)与输出件(19)固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述输出件(19)与内齿圈(20)适配,所述回转轴承内圈(114)与输出件(19)固定连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述第一传动机构(1122)包括相互啮合的蜗轮(5)和蜗杆(8),所述蜗杆(8)通过电机法兰(7)与电机连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7任一所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述第一传动机构(1122)包括相互啮合的第一锥形齿轮(51)和第二锥形齿轮(52),所述第一锥形齿轮(51)与电机连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:还包括蜗轮蜗杆箱(53),所述第一、二锥形齿轮通过蜗轮蜗杆箱(53)与电机连接。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述第一传动机构(1122)还包括蜗杆连接轴(21),所述蜗杆连接轴(21)一端与蜗杆(5)连接,另一端与电机连接。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述第二传动机构(33)包括中间齿轮轴(23)、行星齿轮(30)、偏心轴(26)和曲线轮(71),所述蜗轮(5)与所述中间齿轮轴(23)通过键连接,所述中间齿轮轴(23)与行星齿轮(30)啮合,所述行星齿轮(30)与所述偏心轴(26)固定连接,所述偏心轴(26)通过轴承(27)与曲线轮(71)连接,所述曲线轮(71)与内齿圈(20)之间均布若干滚针(81),所述曲线轮(71)通过滚针(81)带动输出件(19)旋转输出。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述轴承(27)为满装滚子轴承。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述第一传动机构(1122)还包括电机法兰(7)、蜗杆连接齿轮(201),所述电机上设有花键轴(18),所述花键轴(18)通过电机法兰(7)连接蜗杆连接齿轮(201),所述蜗杆连接齿轮(201)与所述蜗杆连接轴(21)连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:还包括蜗杆支撑座(22),所述蜗杆支撑座(22)一端安装所述蜗杆(8),另一端通过螺钉安装在所述转动箱(112)内壁。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述固定支架(1)上还安装有相互适配的回转支撑外圈(4)和回转支撑内圈(3),所述回转支撑外圈(4)通过螺钉固定安装在固定支架(1)上。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的精密回转传动机构,其特征在于:所述回转支撑外圈(4)内壁复合有内齿圈(91),所述输出件(19)为所述内齿圈(91),所述内齿圈(91)上端与转动箱(112)连接且下端与内齿圈(91)固定连接。
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CN107389334A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-24 温州腾煌电气有限公司 一种急停按钮的疲劳测试装置
CN107389334B (zh) * 2017-08-30 2024-02-23 温州腾煌电气有限公司 一种急停按钮的疲劳测试装置

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