WO2016053054A1 - 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016053054A1 WO2016053054A1 PCT/KR2015/010449 KR2015010449W WO2016053054A1 WO 2016053054 A1 WO2016053054 A1 WO 2016053054A1 KR 2015010449 W KR2015010449 W KR 2015010449W WO 2016053054 A1 WO2016053054 A1 WO 2016053054A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- active material
- cobalt oxide
- secondary battery
- positive electrode
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- lithium secondary batteries having high energy density and voltage, long cycle life, and low self discharge rate have been commercialized and widely used.
- a lithium secondary battery has a problem in that its life is rapidly decreased as charging and discharging are repeated. In particular, this problem is more serious at high temperatures. This is due to the phenomenon that the electrolyte is decomposed or the active material is deteriorated due to moisture or other influences inside the battery, and the internal resistance of the battery is increased.
- LiCoO 2 having a layered structure.
- LiCoO 2 is easy to synthesize and is most used because of its excellent electrochemical performance including lifespan characteristics.
- LiCoO 2 has a low structural stability and thus is not applicable to high capacity battery technology.
- LiNiO 2 LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiFePO 4 , Li (Ni x CoyMnz) O 2
- LiNiO 2 has the advantage of exhibiting battery characteristics of high discharge capacity, but the synthesis is difficult by a simple solid phase reaction, there is a problem of low thermal stability and low cycle characteristics.
- lithium manganese oxides such as LiMnO 2 or LiMn 2 O 4 have advantages in that they are excellent in thermal safety and inexpensive, but have a small capacity and low temperature characteristics.
- LiMn 2 O 4 but a part merchandising products to low cost, since the Mn + 3 structure modification (Jahn-Teller distortion) due to the not good life property.
- LiFePO 4 has a low price and excellent safety, and a lot of research is being made for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), but it is difficult to apply to other fields due to low conductivity.
- LiCoO 2 the most popular material for LiCoO 2 as an alternative cathode active material is lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, Li (Ni x Co y Mn z ) O 2 (At this time, X, y, and z are atomic fractions of independent oxide composition elements, respectively, where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 1, and 0 ⁇ x + y + z ⁇ 1.
- This material is cheaper than LiCoO 2 and has advantages in that it can be used for high capacity and high voltage, but has disadvantages of poor rate characteristics and high lifetime characteristics at high temperatures. Therefore, in order to increase the structural stability of lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, it is used by including the content of Li higher than the content of the transition metal contained in the oxide.
- the packing density of the active material must be increased or the voltage must be increased.
- the active material of such a large particle has a relatively low surface area, the active area in contact with the electrolyte is also narrow. This narrow active area adversely acts as a kinetic and therefore exhibits relatively low rate properties and initial doses.
- the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a method of manufacturing the same, which can exhibit excellent wool characteristics and lifetime characteristics without deterioration of initial capacity characteristics.
- a second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a positive electrode, a lithium secondary battery, a battery module and a battery pack including the positive electrode active material.
- the particles of lithium cobalt oxide wherein the particles of lithium cobalt oxide is lithium cobalt oxide of lithium defects having a molar ratio of Li / Co less than 1 inside the particles
- a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery Provided is a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery.
- preparing the particles of the first lithium cobalt oxide by mixing the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material in an amount such that 0 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio ⁇ 1, and then heat treatment first, And mixing the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material in an amount such that 1 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio with respect to the particles of the first lithium cobalt oxide, followed by secondary heat treatment.
- a manufacturing method is provided.
- a cathode for a lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material is provided.
- a lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode is provided.
- a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell.
- a battery pack including the battery module is provided.
- the cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention may exhibit excellent wool and life characteristics without rapidly decreasing the initial capacity characteristics by increasing the movement of lithium ions in the particles.
- FIG. 1 is a crystal structure photograph of a cathode active material prepared in Preparation Example 1 observed using a Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
- TEM Transmission Electron Microscopy
- FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating initial charge and discharge characteristics during charge and discharge of a lithium secondary battery including the cathode active materials prepared in Preparation Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, respectively.
- FIG 3 is a graph illustrating the rate characteristics during charge and discharge of a lithium secondary battery including the cathode active materials prepared in Preparation Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, respectively.
- the present invention provides a lithium deficient structure capable of three-dimensional movement of lithium ions in the interior of active material particles when preparing lithium cobalt oxide-based cathode active materials on primary particles, thereby moving lithium ions within the particles. By speeding up, alleles can exhibit excellent capacity and lifetime characteristics without degrading rate characteristics and initial capacity characteristics.
- the cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes particles of lithium cobalt oxide, and the particles of lithium cobalt oxide have a molar ratio of Li / Co less than 1, more specifically 0.95 in the particles. It contains lithium cobalt oxide of the lithium defect more than 1 or more.
- the 'inside' of the positive electrode active material particles means a region excluding the surface of the active material particles, specifically, 0% or more from the particle center with respect to the distance from the center of the active material particles to the surface, that is, the semi-diameter of the active material. It means the area corresponding to the distance less than 100%.
- the lithium cobalt oxide of the lithium defect has a cubic crystal structure in which the space group belongs to Fd-3m, and the lattice constant a0 is 7.992 to 7.994 (25 ° C). Can be.
- the crystal structure is similar to the spinel crystal structure, so that lithium ions can be moved in three dimensions as in the spinel crystal structure. Accordingly, compared with the layered structure in which the lithium ions can be moved in two dimensions, the lithium ions can be more smoothly moved and have a higher speed. As a result, the insertion and desorption of the lithium ions can be easier.
- the movement of lithium ions in the particles is not easy.
- the lithium cobalt oxide of the lithium defect having the above-described crystal structure can be placed inside the particles, even if the size of the active material particles is large, it is possible to quickly and smoothly move the lithium ions in the particles to facilitate the insertion and desorption of lithium ions
- the initial battery internal resistance can be reduced to further improve discharge capacity and lifespan even if the particles are allele without fear of deterioration of the rate characteristic and the initial capacity characteristic.
- the crystal structure of the lithium cobalt oxide of the lithium defect can be confirmed according to a conventional crystal structure checking method, and specifically, the crystal structure can be confirmed by a transmission electron microscope.
- the lithium cobalt oxide of the lithium defect may include the first lithium cobalt oxide of Formula 1.
- a and x are atomic fractions of the oxide composition elements, respectively, 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.05 and x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.02.
- M is any one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of W, Mo, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Al, Fe, V, Cr, Ba, Ca, and Nb as a doping element. It includes, and may be included in the content of x, that is, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.02 in the first lithium cobalt oxide.
- x 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.02 in the first lithium cobalt oxide.
- the particles of the lithium cobalt oxide may have a core-shell structure, wherein the core part of the first lithium cobalt of the lithium defect of Formula 1 An oxide, and the shell portion may include a lithium cobalt oxide of the formula (2).
- a, b, x and y are atomic fractions of the independent oxide composition elements, respectively 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.05, 1 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.02 and 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.02)
- a is greater than 0.05 or b is greater than 1.2 according to the lithium defect structure formation according to the active material
- the effect of improving the rate characteristic can be further improved by 10% or more.
- the rate characteristic improvement effect can be improved up to 30%.
- the first lithium cobalt oxide has a spinel like structure, that is, a cubic crystal structure in which the space group belongs to Fd-3m, as described above, and the first lithium cobalt oxide
- the 2 lithium cobalt oxide may have a layered structure.
- the positive electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention is lithium cobalt having a defect structure capable of three-dimensional movement of lithium ions inside the active material particles, that is, the core part, which is mechanically disadvantageous with respect to the movement of lithium ions.
- the above-described effects can be obtained, and on the surface side of the active material particles, that is, the shell portion, a lithium rich lithium cobalt oxide having a Li / Co ratio of 1 or more as described above.
- the structural stability of the active material in particular, the structural stability at a high temperature can be improved to prevent capacity deterioration even at a high temperature, and the reactivity with the electrolyte solution can be reduced to reduce gas generation.
- SOC state of charge
- the surface may have a higher SOC for the mechanically advantageous surface, and conversely, the inside may have a lower SOC.
- the core part and the shell part may include lithium distributed in a concentration gradient gradually decreasing toward the center of the active material particles in each region.
- the gradient of the concentration gradient of lithium in the core portion and the shell portion may be a linear function that changes independently from the center of the active material particles depending on the thickness of the particles, or may be a quadratic function.
- the gradient of the concentration gradient of lithium in the core portion and the gradient of the concentration gradient of lithium in the shell portion may be the same or different inclination values.
- the core portion and the shell portion may include lithium present in one concentration value in each region.
- the concentration of lithium included in the core portion may be lower than the concentration of lithium included in the shell portion.
- the height difference according to the difference in the lithium concentration in the core portion and the shell portion may be formed at the contact interface between the core portion and the shell portion.
- the cathode active material of the core-shell structure as described above may include lithium distributed in a concentration gradient gradually decreasing from the surface of the particles toward the center of the active material particles.
- a may increase toward the center of the particle within the range of 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.05
- b may decrease toward the center of the particle within the range of 1 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.2.
- the concentration gradient slope of lithium may be a first order function or a second order function that varies depending on the thickness of the particles from the center of the active material particles.
- the concentration change of lithium on the surface and inside of the active material or lithium cobalt oxide particles may be measured according to a conventional method, and specifically, the concentration of each element including lithium present on the surface may be X-ray photoelectron. It can be measured by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Energy Dispersve x-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
- XPS X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- TEM Transmission Electron Microscopy
- EDS Energy Dispersve x-ray spectroscopy
- Lithium composition of lithium cobalt oxide can be measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES), and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (Time of Flight Secondary Ion) Mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) can determine the form of lithium cobalt oxide.
- ICP-AES Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer
- TOF-SIMS Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass spectrometry
- the core portion of the active material particles is an area corresponding to the distance from the center of the particles of lithium cobalt oxide to the surface, that is, the distance of 0% to 99% from the particle center with respect to the semi-diameter of the active material.
- the shell portion is present on the surface of the core portion, it means a region excluding the core portion in the active material particles.
- the semi-diameter of the core portion and the thickness of the shell portion may have a ratio of 1: 0.01 to 1: 0.1. If the semi-diameter of the core portion is too large, the structural stabilization effect of the active material according to the formation of the shell portion containing lithium rich lithium cobalt oxide and the battery characteristic improvement effect are insignificant. If the thickness of the shell portion is too thick, the relative decrease in the core portion may increase the lithium ion rate inside the active material particles and thereby the improvement effect. More specifically, the thickness of the shell portion may be 1 to 500 nm, or 10 to 300 nm under the condition of the ratio of the diameter of the core portion to the thickness of the shell portion.
- the cathode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention has a monolithic structure consisting of primary particles of lithium cobalt oxide.
- the "monolith structure” refers to a structure in which particles exist in an independent phase in which particles do not aggregate with each other in a morphology phase.
- Particle structures in contrast to these monolithic structures, include structures in which small-sized particles ('primary particles') are physically and / or chemically aggregated to form relatively large particle forms ('secondary particles'). Can be.
- the surface area is relatively low, and thus there is a problem in that the rate characteristic and the initial capacity are reduced due to the decrease in the active area in contact with the electrolyte.
- a cathode active material of secondary particles in which primary particles of fine particles are assembled is mainly used.
- lithium ions move to the surface of the active material and react with moisture or CO 2 in the air to easily form surface impurities such as Li 2 CO 3 and LiOH.
- the positive electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention has a monolithic structure, so there is no fear of a problem that the positive electrode active material having secondary particles has.
- the positive electrode active material of the monolithic structure as described above may have an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 3 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m in consideration of the specific surface area and the positive electrode mixture density, due to the structural features that facilitate the insertion and removal of lithium ions
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m higher than that of the related art may have a higher particle size than that of the related art.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the positive electrode active material may be defined as the particle size at 50% of the particle size distribution.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the cathode active material particles according to an embodiment of the present invention may be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction method.
- the method for measuring the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the positive electrode active material is, after dispersing the particles of the positive electrode active material in a dispersion medium, it is introduced into a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device (for example, Microtrac MT 3000) to about 28 after examining the kHz ultrasound of 60 W in output, it can be used to calculate the average particle diameter (D 50) of from 50% based on the particle size distribution of the measuring device.
- a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device for example, Microtrac MT 3000
- the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material are mixed in an amount such that 0 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio ⁇ 1 and then subjected to a first heat treatment to obtain the first lithium cobalt oxide.
- Preparing the particles step 1; And mixing the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material in an amount such that 1 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio with respect to the particles of the lithium cobalt oxide, followed by secondary heat treatment (step 2). have.
- a method of manufacturing the cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery is provided.
- Step 1 is a step of preparing the particles of the first lithium cobalt oxide having a lithium defect structure.
- the particles of the first lithium cobalt oxide having the lithium defect structure may be prepared by mixing the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material in an amount such that 0 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio ⁇ 1 and then heat treatment first. .
- the cobalt raw material may be cobalt-containing oxide, hydroxide, oxyhydroxide, halide, nitrate, carbonate, acetate, oxalate, citrate or sulfate, and more specifically Co (OH) 2 , CoO, CoOOH , Co (OCOCH 3 ) 2 .4H 2 O, Co (NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O, or Co (SO 4 ) 2 .7H 2 O, and the like, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used. .
- the lithium raw material may be specifically a lithium-containing oxide, hydroxide, oxyhydroxide, halide, nitrate, carbonate, acetate, oxalate, citrate or sulfate, and more specifically, Li 2 CO 3 , LiNO 3 , LiNO 2, LiOH, LiOH and H 2 O, LiH, LiF, LiCl, LiBr, LiI, CH 3 COOLi, Li 2 O, Li 2 SO 4, CH 3 COOLi, or Li 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 or the like Any one or a mixture of two or more of these may be used.
- the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material may be mixed in an amount such that the Li / Co molar ratio satisfies a condition of 0 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio ⁇ 1, or 0.95 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio ⁇ 1.
- the core portion including the first lithium cobalt oxide of the lithium defect structure, specifically, the first lithium cobalt oxide of Formula 1 is formed.
- a raw material of the doping metal element (M) may be selectively added when mixing the cobalt raw mulch and the lithium raw material.
- the raw material of the doping metal element (M) is specifically one or two selected from the group consisting of W, Mo, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Al, Fe, V, Cr, Ba, Ca and Nb
- the above metals, or oxides, hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, halides, nitrates, carbonates, acetates, oxalates, citrates or sulfates and the like, may be used, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the first heat treatment for the mixture of the above raw materials may be carried out at a temperature from 800 °C to 1100 °C. If the primary heat treatment temperature is lower than 800 ° C, there may be a decrease in discharge capacity per unit weight, cycle characteristics, and a decrease in operating voltage due to residual unreacted raw materials. There is a fear of lowering the discharge capacity per weight, lowering cycle characteristics, and lowering operating voltage.
- the first heat treatment may be performed at a lower temperature than the subsequent second heat treatment within the above temperature range, and thus may control the diffusion rate of lithium, thereby making it easier to form lithium cobalt oxide having a defect structure.
- the primary heat treatment may be carried out in the air or under an oxygen atmosphere, and may be carried out for 5 to 30 hours to sufficiently diffuse the reaction between the particles of the mixture.
- step 2 is a step of forming a layer of the second lithium cobalt oxide having no lithium defect structure on the surface of the particles of the first lithium cobalt oxide having a lithium defect structure prepared in step 1.
- the layer of lithium cobalt oxide not having the lithium defect structure is 1 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio of the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material with respect to the particles of the first lithium cobalt oxide having the lithium defect structure prepared in step 1
- the mixture may be formed by mixing in an amount such that 1 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio ⁇ 1.2 and then performing a second heat treatment.
- the layer of lithium cobalt oxide having no lithium defect structure has a Li / Co molar ratio of the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material with respect to the lithium cobalt oxide particles having the lithium defect structure prepared in step 1 above. It can be carried out in the same manner as in step 1, except mixing in an amount such that 1 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio, preferably 1 ⁇ Li / Co molar ratio ⁇ 1.2.
- a layer containing lithium cobalt oxide having no lithium defect structure, specifically lithium cobalt oxide of Formula 2 or lithium cobalt oxide having a layered structure Will be formed.
- the cobalt raw material and the lithium raw material are the same as described in step 1.
- a raw material of the doping metal element (M ′) may be selectively added when mixing the cobalt raw mulch and the lithium raw material.
- the raw material of the doping metal element (M ') is specifically any one selected from the group consisting of W, Mo, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Al, Fe, V, Cr, Ba, Ca and Nb or Two or more metals, or oxides, hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, halides, nitrates, carbonates, acetates, oxalates, citrates or sulfates, and the like, including any one or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the second heat treatment in step 2 may be carried out at a temperature from 800 °C to 1100 °C. If the heat treatment temperature is less than 800 ° C., the crystallization of the lithium cobalt oxide formed on the surface is not sufficiently performed, and there is a fear that the movement of lithium ions may be disturbed. In addition, when the heat treatment temperature exceeds 1100 ° C., there is a fear of excessive crystallization or unstable structure formation by Li evaporation in the crystal structure. Accordingly, in order to prevent the lowering of the discharge capacity per unit weight, the cycle characteristics and the lowering of the operating voltage due to the residual or side reaction products of the unreacted raw materials and the uncrystallized or overcrystallized lithium cobalt oxide. More specifically, the heat treatment may be carried out at a temperature of 1000 °C to 1100 °C.
- the higher the temperature during the secondary heat treatment promotes the movement and diffusion of lithium in the active material, so that the distribution of lithium in the positive electrode active material can be controlled according to the secondary heat treatment temperature.
- the temperature during the second heat treatment is 1000 ° C. or more and 1000 ° C. to 1100 ° C. within the above temperature range, lithium in the active material may be distributed with a concentration gradient.
- the secondary heat treatment may be performed in the air or under an oxygen atmosphere, and may be performed for 7 to 50 hours. If the heat treatment time is too long, there is a concern that the evaporation of lithium and the crystallinity of the metal oxide layer formed on the surface become high, resulting in problems in the movement of lithium ions.
- Method for producing the positive electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention is a dry method without using a solvent.
- the wet method using a solvent in the preparation and surface treatment process of the positive electrode active material is easy to change the pH of the solvent because the metal precursor is dissolved in the solvent, thereby changing the size of the final positive electrode active material or particle breakage It may cause.
- lithium ions are eluted from the surface of the positive electrode active material containing lithium, and various oxides may be formed on the surface as side reaction materials.
- the cathode active material is manufactured by a dry method, so that there is no fear of occurrence of the above-described problems caused by the use of a solvent, and it is superior in terms of production efficiency and process ease of the active material.
- the dry method does not use a binder, there is no fear of side reactions caused by the use of the binder.
- the positive electrode active material prepared by the above production method includes lithium cobalt oxide having a lithium defect structure that facilitates the insertion and removal of lithium ions into the particles, so that even if it is an allele, there is no concern about deterioration of the rate characteristic and the initial capacity characteristic. It can exhibit excellent high voltage characteristics.
- a cathode and a lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material are provided.
- the positive electrode is formed on the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode current collector, and includes a positive electrode active material layer containing the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- carbon, nickel, titanium on the surface of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or aluminum or stainless steel Surface treated with silver, silver or the like can be used.
- the positive electrode current collector may have a thickness of about 3 to 500 ⁇ m, and may form fine irregularities on the surface of the current collector to increase the adhesion of the positive electrode active material.
- it can be used in various forms, such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a net, a porous body, a foam, a nonwoven body.
- the positive electrode active material layer may include a conductive material and a binder together with the positive electrode active material. At this time, the positive electrode active material is the same as described above.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and in the battery constituted, any conductive material may be used as long as it has electronic conductivity without causing chemical change.
- any conductive material may be used as long as it has electronic conductivity without causing chemical change.
- Specific examples thereof include graphite such as natural graphite and artificial graphite; Carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black and carbon fiber; Metal powder or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; Conductive whiskeys such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Or conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives, and the like, or a mixture of two or more kinds thereof may be used.
- the conductive material may typically be included in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the binder serves to improve adhesion between the positive electrode active material particles and the positive electrode active material and the current collector.
- specific examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
- the binder may be included in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the positive electrode having the structure as described above may be manufactured according to a conventional positive electrode manufacturing method except for using the positive electrode active material described above.
- the positive electrode active material, the binder and the conductive material may be prepared by dissolving or dispersing the composition for forming a positive electrode active material layer prepared by dissolving in a solvent, followed by drying and rolling.
- the type and content of the cathode active material, the binder, and the conductive material are as described above.
- the solvent in the preparation of the positive electrode active material layer forming composition may be a solvent generally used in the art, dimethyl sulfoxide (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO), isopropyl alcohol (isopropyl alcohol), N-methylpyrroli Don (NMP), acetone (acetone) or water, and the like, one of these alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the amount of the solvent is sufficient to dissolve or disperse the positive electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder in consideration of the coating thickness of the slurry and the production yield, and to have a viscosity that can exhibit excellent thickness uniformity during application for the production of the positive electrode. Do.
- the positive electrode may be prepared by casting the positive electrode active material composition on a separate support and then laminating the film obtained by peeling from the support onto a positive electrode current collector.
- an electrochemical device including the anode is provided.
- the electrochemical device may be specifically a battery or a capacitor, and more specifically, may be a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery specifically includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode positioned to face the positive electrode, a separator and an electrolyte interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the positive electrode is as described above.
- the lithium secondary battery may further include a battery container for accommodating the electrode assembly of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator, and a sealing member for sealing the battery container.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer positioned on the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- the negative electrode current collector may be formed on a surface of copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper, or stainless steel. Surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver, or the like, or an aluminum-cadmium alloy may be used.
- the negative electrode current collector may have a thickness of about 3 to 500 ⁇ m, and like the positive electrode current collector, fine concavities and convexities may be formed on the surface of the current collector to enhance the bonding force of the negative electrode active material.
- it can be used in various forms, such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a net, a porous body, a foam, or a nonwoven body.
- the negative electrode active material layer optionally includes a binder and a conductive material together with the negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode active material layer is coated with a negative electrode active material, and optionally a composition for forming a negative electrode including a binder and a conductive material on a negative electrode current collector and dried, or casting the negative electrode forming composition on a separate support It may be produced by laminating a film obtained by peeling from this support onto a negative electrode current collector.
- a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium may be used.
- Specific examples include carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitized carbon fibers, and amorphous carbon;
- Metallic compounds capable of alloying with lithium such as Si, Al, Sn, Pb, Zn, Bi, In, Mg, Ga, Cd, Si alloys, Sn alloys or Al alloys;
- Metal oxides capable of doping and undoping lithium such as SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), SnO 2 , vanadium oxide, lithium vanadium oxide;
- a composite including the metallic compound and the carbonaceous material such as a Si-C composite or a Sn-C composite, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- a metal lithium thin film may be used as the anode active material.
- the carbon material both low crystalline carbon and high crystalline carbon can be used. Soft crystalline carbon and hard carbon are typical low crystalline carbon, and high crystalline carbon is amorphous, plate, scaly, spherical or fibrous natural graphite or artificial graphite, Kish graphite (Kish) graphite, pyrolytic carbon, mesophase pitch based carbon fiber, meso-carbon microbeads, mesophase pitches and petroleum or coal tar pitch High-temperature calcined carbon such as derived cokes is typical.
- the binder and the conductive material may be the same as described above in the positive electrode.
- the separator is to separate the negative electrode and the positive electrode and to provide a passage for the movement of lithium ions, if it is usually used as a separator in a lithium secondary battery can be used without particular limitation, in particular to the ion movement of the electrolyte It is desirable to have a low resistance against the electrolyte and excellent electrolytic solution-moisture capability.
- a porous polymer film for example, a porous polymer film made of a polyolefin-based polymer such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene / butene copolymer, ethylene / hexene copolymer and ethylene / methacrylate copolymer or the like Laminate structures of two or more layers may be used.
- a porous nonwoven fabrics such as nonwoven fabrics made of high melting point glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers and the like may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength, and may be optionally used as a single layer or a multilayer structure.
- examples of the electrolyte used in the present invention include an organic liquid electrolyte, an inorganic liquid electrolyte, a solid polymer electrolyte, a gel polymer electrolyte, a solid inorganic electrolyte, a molten inorganic electrolyte, and the like, which can be used in manufacturing a lithium secondary battery. It doesn't happen.
- the electrolyte may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent may be used without particular limitation as long as it can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- the organic solvent may be an ester solvent such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone or ⁇ -caprolactone; Ether solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran; Ketone solvents such as cyclohexanone; Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene; Dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, Carbonate solvents such as PC); Alcohol solvents such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; Nitriles such as R-CN (R is a C2 to C20 linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group, which may include
- carbonate-based solvents are preferable, and cyclic carbonates having high ionic conductivity and high dielectric constant (for example, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate) that can improve the charge and discharge performance of a battery, and low viscosity linear carbonate compounds (for example, a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate and the like is more preferable.
- the cyclic carbonate and the chain carbonate may be mixed and used in a volume ratio of about 1: 1 to about 1: 9, so that the performance of the electrolyte may be excellent.
- the lithium salt may be used without particular limitation as long as it is a compound capable of providing lithium ions used in a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAl0 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiN (C 2 F 5 SO 3 ) 2 , LiN (C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 .
- LiCl, LiI, or LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 and the like can be used.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably used within the range of 0.1 to 2.0M. When the concentration of the lithium salt is included in the above range, since the electrolyte has an appropriate conductivity and viscosity, it can exhibit excellent electrolyte performance, and lithium ions can move effectively.
- the electrolyte includes, for example, haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoro ethylene carbonate, pyridine, tri, etc. for the purpose of improving battery life characteristics, reducing battery capacity, and improving discharge capacity of the battery.
- haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoro ethylene carbonate, pyridine, tri, etc.
- Ethyl phosphite triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphate triamide, nitrobenzene derivative, sulfur, quinone imine dye, N-substituted oxazolidinone, N, N-substituted imida
- One or more additives such as zolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol or aluminum trichloride may be included. In this case, the additive may be included in 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
- the lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material according to the present invention stably exhibits excellent discharge capacity, output characteristics, and capacity retention rate
- portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and hybrid electric vehicles ( It is useful for electric vehicle fields such as hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).
- HEV hybrid electric vehicle
- a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell and a battery pack including the same are provided.
- the battery module or the battery pack is a power tool (Power Tool); Electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); Or it can be used as a power source for any one or more of the system for power storage.
- Power Tool Electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); Or it can be used as a power source for any one or more of the system for power storage.
- the Li 2 CO 3 powder and Co 3 O 4 powder were mixed in an amount such that the Li / Co molar ratio was 0.95, followed by primary heat treatment at 900 ° C. for 10 hours.
- the resulting powder was ground and classified to produce particles of lithium defect first lithium cobalt oxide.
- Li 2 CO 3 powder and Co 3 O 4 powder is dry-mixed in an amount such that the Li / Co molar ratio is 1.01, and the secondary heat treatment at 1050 °C 20 hours
- a positive electrode active material average particle size: 12 ⁇ m
- lithium had a concentration gradient increasing from the center of the particle to the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- the Li 2 CO 3 powder and Co 3 O 4 powder were mixed in an amount such that the Li / Co molar ratio was 0.95, followed by primary heat treatment at 900 ° C. for 10 hours.
- the resulting powder was ground and classified to produce particles of lithium defect first lithium cobalt oxide.
- the thickness of the shell portion including the second lithium cobalt oxide was about 250 nm.
- the Li 2 CO 3 powder and Co 3 O 4 powder were mixed in an amount such that the Li / Co molar ratio was 0.95, followed by primary heat treatment at 900 ° C. for 10 hours.
- the resulting powder was ground and classified to produce particles of lithium defect first lithium cobalt oxide.
- lithium cobalt oxide particles prepared above dry mix Li 2 CO 3 powder and Co 3 O 4 powder in an amount such that the Li / Co molar ratio is 1, and further MgO and TiO 2 powder Li 1 Mg and Ti metals were added in an amount such that the amount of Mg and Ti was 0.01 moles, respectively, followed by secondary heat treatment at 1050 ° C. for 20 hours, so that the concentration gradient of lithium increased from the center of the particle toward the surface throughout the positive electrode active material. It was distributed to have a monostructure positive electrode active material (average particle size: 12 ⁇ m) comprising a lithium cobalt oxide doped with Mg and Ti in the shell portion.
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured using the cathode active materials prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 3, respectively.
- the positive electrode active material, the carbon black conductive material and the PVdF binder prepared in any one of Preparation Examples 1 to 3 are mixed in an N-methylpyrrolidone solvent in a weight ratio of 90: 5: 5 to form a positive electrode.
- a composition (viscosity: 5000 mPa ⁇ s) was prepared, which was applied to an aluminum current collector, and then dried and rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- MCMB meocarbon microbead
- carbon black conductive material and PVdF binder, which are artificial graphite as a negative electrode active material, were mixed in an N-methylpyrrolidone solvent in a weight ratio of 85: 10: 5 to prepare a composition for forming a negative electrode, This was applied to a copper current collector to prepare a negative electrode.
- An electrode assembly was manufactured by interposing a porous polyethylene separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared as described above, the electrode assembly was placed in a case, and an electrolyte solution was injected into the case to prepare a lithium secondary battery.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- LiPF 6 dissolving phosphate
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that LiCoO 2 (average particle diameter: 12 ⁇ m) was used as the cathode active material.
- a shell portion including at least one lithium cobalt oxide is formed in a region from the surface of the particle to a depth of 300 nm, and inside the other particles. It was confirmed that the Li / Co ratio had a core-shell structure in which a core part including lithium cobalt oxide of lithium defects of less than 1 was formed, and the core part region in the active material corresponded to a distance of 95% of the semi-diameter of the active material particles.
- the positive electrode active material can be seen to form a concentration gradient that gradually decreases the molar ratio of Li / Co from the surface of the particles to the center, and the slope of the concentration gradient of lithium in the shell portion of the core portion Larger than the gradient of concentration gradient of lithium.
- Coin cell using Li metal negative electrode
- the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 1 was prepared using the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 1, and charged and discharged at 0.1 C / 0.1 C at room temperature (25 ° C.). .
- the results are shown in FIG. 2.
- the lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material of Preparation Example 1 having a lithium defect structure inside the particles of lithium cobalt oxide includes a cathode active material of LiCoO 2 having no lithium defect structure. It showed the same level of charge and discharge characteristics as the lithium secondary battery. However, in the case of the positive electrode active material of Preparation Example 1, the breakdown of the voltage profile was observed between 4.05V and 4.15V during initial charge and discharge due to the lithium defect structure present in the particles.
- Cycle capacity retention which is the ratio of the discharge capacity at the 50th cycle to the initial capacity, after 50 charge / discharge cycles under the condition of 0.5C / 1C within the range of 3 to 4.4V drive voltage at (60 ° C).
- the battery of Example 1 containing the positive electrode active material having a lithium defect structure in the particle compared with the battery of Comparative Example 1 containing lithium cobalt oxide having no lithium defect structure as the positive electrode active material, improved rate characteristics and life characteristics Indicated.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
양극활물질 입자 표면으로부터의 깊이(nm) | Li/Co 의 몰비 | |
쉘부 | 50 | 1.01 |
250 | 1.00 | |
300 | 1.00 | |
코어부 | 500 | 0.99 |
1000 | 0.99 | |
1500 | 0.99 | |
2000 | 0.99 | |
2500 | 0.99 | |
3000 | 0.99 | |
3500 | 0.98 | |
4000 | 0.98 | |
4500 | 0.98 | |
5000 | 0.98 | |
5500 | 0.96 | |
6000 (입자 중심) | 0.95 |
상온(25℃) 율 특성(2C/0.1C %) | 고온(60℃)에서의 50회 사이클 용량유지율(%) | |
비교예1 | 91.5 | 94.4 |
실시예1 | 97.1 | 96.2 |
Claims (24)
- 리튬 코발트 산화물의 입자를 포함하고,상기 리튬 코발트 산화물의 입자는 입자 내부에 Li/Co의 몰비가 1 미만인 리튬 결함의 리튬 코발트 산화물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬 결함의 리튬 코발트 산화물은 공간군이 Fd-3m에 속하며, 큐빅형 결정구조를 갖는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬 결함의 리튬 코발트 산화물은 하기 화학식 1의 제1리튬 코발트 산화물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.[화학식 1]Li1-aCoMxO2(상기 화학식 1에서, M은 W, Mo, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Al, Fe, V, Cr, Ba, Ca, 및 Nb로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 금속원소를 포함하고, a는 0<a≤0.05, x는 0≤x≤0.02 이다)
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬 코발트 산화물의 입자는하기 화학식 1의 제1리튬 코발트 산화물을 포함하는 코어부; 및상기 코어부의 표면 상에 위치하며, 하기 화학식 2의 제2리튬 코발트 산화물을 포함하는 쉘부의 코어-쉘 구조를 갖는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.[화학식 1]Li1-aCoMxO2[화학식 2]LibCoM'yO2(상기 화학식 1 및 2에서, M 및 M'은 각각 독립적으로 W, Mo, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Al, Fe, V, Cr, Ba, Ca, 및 Nb로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 금속원소를 포함하고, a, b, x 및 y는 0<a≤0.05, 1≤b≤1.2, 0≤x≤0.02 및 0≤y≤0.02이다)
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 제1리튬 코발트 산화물은 공간군이 Fd-3m에 속하며, 큐빅형 결정구조를 가지고,상기 제2리튬 코발트 산화물은 층상 결정구조를 갖는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 코어부는 리튬 코발트 산화물의 입자의 중심에서부터 표면까지의 거리에 대해 0% 내지 99%의 거리에 해당하는 영역인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 코어부와 쉘부는 1:0.01 내지 1:0.1의 두께비를 갖는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 코어부 및 쉘부는 각각 독립적으로 리튬 코발트 산화물 입자의 중심으로 갈수록 감소하는 농도구배로 분포하는 리튬을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 코어부 내에서의 리튬의 농도구배 기울기와 쉘부 내에서의 리튬의 농도구배 기울기는 서로 동일하거나 또는 서로 다른 기울기값을 갖는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 코어부 및 쉘부 중 적어도 하나는 해당 영역 내에서 하나의 농도값으로 존재하는 리튬을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 리튬 코발트 산화물 입자의 표면에서부터 중심으로 갈수록 리튬이 점진적으로 감소하는 농도구배로 분포하고,상기 화학식 1 및 2에서, a는 0<a≤0.05의 범위 내에서 입자 중심으로 갈수록 증가하고, b는 1≤b≤1.2의 범위 내에서 입자 중심으로 갈수록 감소하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,3 내지 50㎛의 평균입경을 갖는 단일구조체(monolith)인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,충전 및 방전에 따른 전압 프로파일 측정시 4.0V 내지 4.2V의 전압 구간에서 변곡점을 갖는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질.
- 코발트 원료물질 및 리튬 원료물질을 0<Li/Co몰비<1가 되도록 하는 양으로 혼합한 후 1차 열처리하여 제1리튬 코발트 산화물의 입자를 준비하는 단계, 및상기 제1리튬 코발트 산화물의 입자에 대해 코발트 원료물질 및 리튬 원료물질을 1≤Li/Co 몰비가 되도록 하는 양으로 혼합한 후 2차 열처리하는 단계를 포함하는 제1항에 따른 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질의 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제1리튬 코발트 산화물의 입자 준비 단계에서, 코발트 원료물질 및 리튬 원료물질의 혼합시 W, Mo, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Al, Fe, V, Cr, Ba, Ca, 및 Nb로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 금속원소 함유 원료물질을 첨가하는 공정을 더 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질의 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제1리튬 코발트 산화물의 입자 준비 단계는, 코발트 원료물질 및 리튬 원료물질을 0.95≤Li/Co몰비<1가 되도록 하는 양으로 혼합한 후 800℃ 내지 1100℃에서 열처리하여 실시되는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질의 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 2차 열처리는 800℃ 내지 1100℃에서 실시되는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질의 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제1리튬 코발트 산화물에 대한 코발트 원료물질 및 리튬 원료물질의 혼합시 W, Mo, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, Al, Fe, V, Cr, Ba, Ca, 및 Nb로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 금속원소 함유 원료물질을 첨가하는 공정을 더 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질의 제조방법.
- 제1항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 양극활물질을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극.
- 제19항에 따른 양극을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제20항에 따른 리튬 이차전지를 단위셀로 포함하는 전지모듈.
- 제21항에 따른 전지모듈을 포함하는 전지팩.
- 제22항에 있어서,중대형 디바이스의 전원으로 사용되는 것인 전지팩.
- 제23항에 있어서,상기 중대형 디바이스가 전기자동차, 하이브리드 전기자동차, 플러그-인 하이브리드 전기자동차 및 전력 저장용 시스템으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 전지팩.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15846750.6A EP3203554B1 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2015-10-02 | Positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery, preparation method for same, and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
CN201580054081.6A CN106797030B (zh) | 2014-10-02 | 2015-10-02 | 锂二次电池用正极活性材料、其制备方法和包含其的锂二次电池 |
JP2017517259A JP6517330B2 (ja) | 2014-10-02 | 2015-10-02 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、この製造方法及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
US15/515,447 US10490816B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2015-10-02 | Positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery, method of preparing the same and lithium secondary battery including the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2014-0133474 | 2014-10-02 | ||
KR20140133474 | 2014-10-02 | ||
KR10-2015-0138717 | 2015-10-01 | ||
KR1020150138717A KR101787199B1 (ko) | 2014-10-02 | 2015-10-01 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016053054A1 true WO2016053054A1 (ko) | 2016-04-07 |
Family
ID=55630995
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2015/010449 WO2016053054A1 (ko) | 2014-10-02 | 2015-10-02 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO2016053054A1 (ko) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109314238A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-02-05 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 金属掺杂的高电压用正极活性材料 |
CN110323420A (zh) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-11 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 具有稳定阴极活性材料的电池 |
CN112204773A (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-01-08 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 锂二次电池 |
CN107799733B (zh) * | 2016-09-01 | 2021-05-18 | 株式会社Lg 化学 | 二次电池用正极活性材料、其制备方法及包含其的正极和锂二次电池 |
US11183691B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2021-11-23 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Metal-doped positive electrode active material for high voltage |
CN116031398A (zh) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-04-28 | 艾可普罗 Bm 有限公司 | 正极活性物质及包含其的锂二次电池 |
WO2024113942A1 (zh) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-06-06 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 正极活性材料及其制备方法、二次电池和用电装置 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003217586A (ja) * | 2002-01-25 | 2003-07-31 | Nec Tokin Tochigi Ltd | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
KR20120004340A (ko) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-01-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 니켈계 양극 활물질과 그 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 리튬 전지 |
KR20140067508A (ko) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-05 | 삼성정밀화학 주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 리튬이차전지 |
-
2015
- 2015-10-02 WO PCT/KR2015/010449 patent/WO2016053054A1/ko active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003217586A (ja) * | 2002-01-25 | 2003-07-31 | Nec Tokin Tochigi Ltd | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
KR20120004340A (ko) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-01-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 니켈계 양극 활물질과 그 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 리튬 전지 |
KR20140067508A (ko) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-05 | 삼성정밀화학 주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 리튬이차전지 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
CHOI, S. ET AL.: "Chemical synthesis and properties of spinel Li1 -xCo2O4-delta", JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY, vol. 164, no. 2, 2002, pages 332 - 338, XP029584981, DOI: doi:10.1006/jssc.2001.9480 * |
GUMMOW, R. J. ET AL.: "Spinel versus layered structures for lithium cobalt oxide synthesised at 400 °C", MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN, vol. 28, no. 5, 1993, pages 235 - 246, XP022802182, DOI: doi:10.1016/0025-5408(93)90157-9 * |
VAN DER VEN, A. ET AL.: "Electrochemical properties of spinel LixCoO2: A first- principles investigation", PHYSICAL REVIEW B, vol. 59, no. 2, 1999, pages 742 - 749, XP055372345 * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107799733B (zh) * | 2016-09-01 | 2021-05-18 | 株式会社Lg 化学 | 二次电池用正极活性材料、其制备方法及包含其的正极和锂二次电池 |
CN109314238A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-02-05 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 金属掺杂的高电压用正极活性材料 |
US11183691B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2021-11-23 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Metal-doped positive electrode active material for high voltage |
CN110323420A (zh) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-11 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 具有稳定阴极活性材料的电池 |
CN112204773A (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-01-08 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 锂二次电池 |
CN112204773B (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2024-03-22 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | 锂二次电池 |
CN116031398A (zh) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-04-28 | 艾可普罗 Bm 有限公司 | 正极活性物质及包含其的锂二次电池 |
WO2024113942A1 (zh) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-06-06 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 正极活性材料及其制备方法、二次电池和用电装置 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR101787199B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
KR101777466B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
KR101762508B1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2016175597A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 | |
WO2017150945A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극활물질의 전구체 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 양극활물질 | |
WO2016053054A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019074306A2 (ko) | 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
KR102204938B1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2016053056A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2017095081A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이를 포함하는 이차전지용 양극 및 이차전지 | |
WO2022139311A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2019017643A9 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
KR20190032126A (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극재, 이의 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2020153701A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법 | |
WO2016053051A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019235886A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법 | |
WO2016053053A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2021025464A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법 | |
WO2021060911A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체, 그 제조방법 및 양극 활물질의 제조방법 | |
KR102178876B1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극활물질의 제조방법 및 이를 이용하는 이차전지 | |
WO2021153936A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2022092710A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질, 음극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019194609A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법, 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019078506A2 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법, 이에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2020145638A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법, 상기 제조방법에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15846750 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2015846750 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2015846750 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15515447 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017517259 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |