WO2016052404A1 - Film optique à couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques et procédé de production de film optique à couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques - Google Patents

Film optique à couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques et procédé de production de film optique à couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques Download PDF

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WO2016052404A1
WO2016052404A1 PCT/JP2015/077326 JP2015077326W WO2016052404A1 WO 2016052404 A1 WO2016052404 A1 WO 2016052404A1 JP 2015077326 W JP2015077326 W JP 2015077326W WO 2016052404 A1 WO2016052404 A1 WO 2016052404A1
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liquid crystal
optical film
cholesteric liquid
chiral agent
layer
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PCT/JP2015/077326
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
渉 星野
克行 養父
武田　淳
由紀 松田
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富士フイルム株式会社
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Publication of WO2016052404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016052404A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/26—Reflecting filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical film including a cholesteric liquid crystal layer. More specifically, the present invention relates to an optical film including a cholesteric liquid crystal layer exhibiting selective reflection in a wide wavelength band. The present invention also relates to a method for producing an optical film including a cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal phase exhibits selective reflection having a reflection center wavelength correlated with the helical pitch.
  • a layer in which a cholesteric liquid crystal phase is fixed hereinafter sometimes referred to as “cholesteric liquid crystal layer” in this specification
  • a layer in which the helical pitch is changed in the thickness direction of the layer also referred to as a pitch gradient layer or a PG layer
  • a broadband reflection film that expands the range of the selective reflection wavelength band more than the layer in which the cholesteric liquid crystal phase having a uniform helical pitch is fixed, and exhibits selective reflection in a wide wavelength range.
  • a method for obtaining a pitch gradient layer a method of including a weak ultraviolet irradiation step when forming a cholesteric liquid crystal layer by curing a coating film of a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent, for example, Patent Document Known as seen in 1-4.
  • the present inventors have made various studies on the liquid crystal composition used for forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and found that the curing process of the liquid crystal composition can be controlled by selecting the liquid crystal compound and the chiral agent. Based on the above, further studies were made to complete the present invention.
  • An optical film including a cholesteric liquid crystal layer is a layer obtained by curing a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polyfunctional liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent,
  • the polyfunctional liquid crystal compound has two or more polymerizable groups and an average molar extinction coefficient at 300 to 400 nm of 5000 or more,
  • the above chiral agent has no polymerizable group or only one,
  • the chiral agent has a concentration distribution in a film thickness direction.
  • a method for producing an optical film including a cholesteric liquid crystal layer Forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer by curing a coating film of a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polyfunctional liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent, wherein the curing has an illuminance of 0.1 mW / cm 2 to 100 mW / cm 2 .
  • a production method comprising a temporary curing step of irradiating ultraviolet rays for 30 seconds or less.
  • the present invention provides an optical film including a cholesteric liquid crystal layer exhibiting selective reflection in a wide wavelength band.
  • the optical film of the present invention can be produced by a highly productive method.
  • a numerical range represented by using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
  • the “half width” of a peak means the width of the peak at a peak height of 1/2.
  • the reflection center wavelength and half width of the light reflection layer can be obtained as follows. When the transmission spectrum of the light reflection layer is measured using AxoScan of Axometrix, a wavelength band in which the transmittance decreases can be seen. Of the two wavelengths having a transmittance of 1/2 the maximum peak height, the wavelength value on the short wave side is ⁇ 1 (nm) and the wavelength value on the long wave side is ⁇ 2 (nm).
  • Re ( ⁇ ) represents in-plane retardation at wavelength ⁇ .
  • the unit is nm.
  • Re ( ⁇ ) is measured with KOBRA 21ADH or WR (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) by allowing light of wavelength ⁇ nm to be incident in the normal direction of the film.
  • the wavelength selection filter can be exchanged manually, or the measurement value can be converted by a program or the like.
  • visible light means light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm.
  • a measurement wavelength is 550 nm.
  • the angle for example, an angle such as “90 °”
  • the relationship for example, “orthogonal”, “parallel”, “crossing at 45 °”, etc.
  • the range of allowable error is included. For example, it means that the angle is within the range of strict angle ⁇ 10 °, and the error from the strict angle is preferably 5 ° or less, and more preferably 3 ° or less.
  • the shape of the optical film of the present invention is not particularly limited, it may be usually a sheet shape, a film shape, a plate shape, or the like.
  • the optical film may be long and may have a size according to the application.
  • the optical film may be cut into a size according to the application.
  • “cutting” includes “punching” and “cutting out”.
  • the use of the optical film is not particularly limited as long as it is used for various reflective films, reflective polarizers, brightness enhancement films, and the like. As will be described later, since the optical film of the present invention exhibits selective reflection in a wide wavelength band, it can be used in applications where reflection in a wide wavelength band is preferred or required.
  • the optical film of the present invention is particularly preferably used for a brightness enhancement film.
  • the brightness enhancement film can be configured to include an arbitrary ⁇ / 4 plate, and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, which will be described later, may be formed on the surface of the ⁇ / 4 plate.
  • a ⁇ / 4 plate may be formed by applying a coating solution for liquid, or the optical film of the present invention may be bonded to a separately prepared ⁇ / 4 plate.
  • the optical film of the present invention includes a cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • a cholesteric liquid crystal layer means a layer in which a cholesteric liquid crystal phase formed in a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal compound is fixed.
  • the layer in which the cholesteric liquid crystal phase is fixed is a layer in which the orientation of the liquid crystal compound in the cholesteric liquid crystal phase is maintained.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer may be a layer in which a layer having no fluidity is formed by curing of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition, and at the same time, the layer is changed to a state in which the alignment form is not changed by an external field or an external force.
  • the liquid crystal compound in the layer may no longer exhibit liquid crystallinity.
  • the liquid crystal compound may have a high molecular weight due to a curing reaction and may no longer have liquid crystallinity.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer exhibits selective reflection having a reflection center wavelength ⁇ based on the helical period of the cholesteric liquid crystal phase.
  • the light reflection layer formed by fixing the cholesteric liquid crystal phase selectively reflects either the right circularly polarized light or the left circularly polarized light and transmits the other circularly polarized light in the wavelength region exhibiting selective reflection.
  • “Introduction to Liquid Crystal Chemistry Experiment” edited by the Japanese Liquid Crystal Society, Sigma Publishing 2007, page 46, and “Liquid Crystal Handbook” Kai Maruzen The method described on page 196 can be used.
  • a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a pitch or spiral direction suitable for the application may be used alone or in combination.
  • the width of the selective reflection band can also be controlled by adjusting ⁇ n.
  • ⁇ n can be adjusted by adjusting the type of liquid crystal compound and its mixing ratio, or by controlling the temperature at the time of fixing the alignment.
  • the upper limit of ⁇ n of liquid crystals currently industrialized is about 0.5
  • the half-value width ⁇ of selective reflection is usually about 50 nm to 150 nm for one kind of material, and the wavelength band of selective reflection is adjusted by adjusting ⁇ n. There is a limit to the width control.
  • the optical film of the present invention selective reflection is exhibited in a wide wavelength band (for example, about 200 nm at half width) by changing the pitch P in the film thickness direction (pitch gradient) in one cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • a cholesteric liquid crystal layer is used.
  • the pitch gradient layer by using the pitch gradient layer, a wide wavelength band that cannot be achieved within the range studied from the upper limit of ⁇ n of the liquid crystal can be obtained.
  • c is the concentration of the chiral agent
  • ⁇ is an index of the force with which the chiral agent twists the liquid crystal
  • HTP Helical Twisting Power
  • the chiral agent has a concentration distribution in the film thickness direction. Therefore, the pitch changes in the film thickness direction in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and therefore the reflection center wavelength changes, and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer showing selective reflection in a wide wavelength band can be obtained.
  • a method of giving a concentration distribution in the film thickness direction to the chiral agent in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer will be described later.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal composition for forming a cholesteric liquid crystal layer contains a liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal composition may contain other components such as an alignment controller, a polymerization initiator, and an alignment aid.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer can be obtained by applying the polymerizable liquid crystal composition to another layer such as a support, an alignment layer, or another cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and then curing the coating film.
  • liquid crystal compound examples include a rod-like liquid crystal compound and a disk-like liquid crystal compound.
  • the liquid crystal compound is preferably a rod-like liquid crystal compound.
  • There is no limitation in particular as a polymeric group Although a (meth) acryloyl group, an epoxy group, oxetanyl group, a vinyl ether group etc. are mentioned, A (meth) acryloyl group is preferable.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal composition for forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer of the optical film of the present invention contains a polyfunctional liquid crystal compound having two or more polymerizable groups as the liquid crystal compound.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal composition may include a liquid crystal compound having one polymerizable group or not having a polymerizable group as a liquid crystal compound, but a polyfunctional liquid crystal compound having two or more polymerizable groups is , Preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, still more preferably 99% by mass or more, substantially with respect to the total mass of the liquid crystal compound in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. It is particularly preferable that the amount is 100% by mass.
  • the term “liquid crystal compound” simply means “polyfunctional liquid crystal compound”.
  • the polyfunctional liquid crystal compound having two or more polymerizable groups used in the present invention has an average molar extinction coefficient of 5000 or more at 300 to 400 nm.
  • the average molar extinction coefficient is preferably 7000 or more.
  • the average molar extinction coefficient at 300 nm to 400 nm of the liquid crystal compound is determined by measuring a solution prepared at an appropriate concentration in a range of 250 to 500 nm every 1 nm using a spectrophotometer UV3150 (Shimadzu Corporation). It means a value obtained by calculating an extinction coefficient and calculating an average value in a range of 300 to 400 nm.
  • the liquid crystal compound having an average molar extinction coefficient at 300 to 400 nm of 5000 or more include a liquid crystal compound having a tolan (diphenylacetylene) structure, an azomethine structure, an azine structure, or a cinnamoyl structure in the molecule.
  • Examples of the liquid crystal compound having a tolan structure include, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4836335, Japanese Patent No. 4947676, Japanese Patent No. 3999400, Japanese Patent No. 3963035, Japanese Patent No. 4053782, Japanese Patent No. 4268058, Japanese Patent No. 4461692, Japanese Patent No. 5082538. And compounds described in JP2013-112163A and JP2013-534646A.
  • Examples of the liquid crystal compound having an azomethine structure include compounds described in JP 2012-006996 A, JP 2012-006997 A, JP 2012-006843 A, and JP 2012-006996 A. Can do.
  • liquid crystal compound having an azine structure examples include compounds described in JP2011-207940A, JP2011-207941A, JP2011-207940A, and JP5510321A.
  • liquid crystal compound having a cinnamoyl structure examples include compounds described in JP2011-207942.
  • a compound having an average molar extinction coefficient of 300 to 400 nm of 5000 or more can be arbitrarily used.
  • liquid crystal compounds with a tolan structure, azomethine structure, azine structure or cinnamoyl structure in the molecule have a high molecular extinction coefficient and a molecular aspect ratio (the length of the molecule in the direction perpendicular to it). The ratio of length) is high, which is advantageous for the expression of liquid crystallinity.
  • the birefringence ⁇ n is increased, and the film thickness of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer having the same bandwidth can be reduced, which is advantageous from the viewpoint of defect suppression and cost.
  • ⁇ n of the liquid crystal compound used in the present invention, particularly the polyfunctional liquid crystal compound is preferably 0.16 or more, more preferably 0.2 or more.
  • the thickness of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is preferably 6 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 8 ⁇ m or more. More preferably, it is more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more.
  • the film thickness may be 30 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the film thickness is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 4 ⁇ m or more, and 5 ⁇ m or more. Is particularly preferred.
  • the film thickness is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 8 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 5.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • ⁇ n of the liquid crystal compound is the p. It can be measured according to the method described in 202.
  • the chiral agent used in the present invention is a chiral agent having no polymerizable group or only one. Specifically, it is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, further preferably 99% by mass or more, and particularly preferably substantially 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of the chiral agent in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. % May be a chiral agent having no polymerizable group or only one.
  • the chiral agent When the chiral agent has no polymerizable group or only one, the difference in the degree of polymerization from the above polyfunctional liquid crystal compound having two or more polymerizable groups increases, and the film thickness direction It is presumed that the concentration distribution of the chiral agent is easy to be attached to the film, and the wavelength band of selective reflection of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer can be expanded by ultraviolet irradiation in a short time.
  • Examples of the chiral agent are not particularly limited as long as the chiral agent has no polymerizable group or only one, and various known chiral agents (for example, liquid crystal device handbook, Chapter 3). 4-3, chiral agent for TN and STN, page 199, edited by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 42nd Committee, 1989).
  • the chiral agent generally contains an asymmetric carbon atom, but an axially asymmetric compound or a planar asymmetric compound containing no asymmetric carbon atom can also be used as the chiral agent.
  • Examples of the axial asymmetric compound or the planar asymmetric compound include binaphthyl, helicene, paracyclophane, and derivatives thereof.
  • the chiral agent may have a polymerizable group.
  • the chiral agent has a polymerizable group and the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound used in combination also has a polymerizable group, it is derived from the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound by a polymerization reaction between the chiral agent having a polymerizable group and the polymerizable rod-shaped liquid crystal compound.
  • a polymer having a repeating unit derived from a chiral agent can be formed.
  • the polymerizable group possessed by the chiral agent having a polymerizable group is preferably the same group as the polymerizable group possessed by the polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal compound.
  • the polymerizable group of the chiral agent is preferably an unsaturated polymerizable group, an epoxy group or an aziridinyl group, more preferably an unsaturated polymerizable group, and still more preferably an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group.
  • (meth) acryloyl groups are particularly preferred.
  • the above chiral agent may be a liquid crystal compound.
  • the chiral agent exhibiting a strong twisting force include, for example, JP 2010-181852 A, JP 2003-287623 A, JP 2002-80851 A, JP 2002-80478 A, and JP 2002-80478 A.
  • Examples include chiral agents described in JP-A No. 2002-302487, which can be preferably used in the present invention.
  • isosorbide compounds having a corresponding structure can be used for the isosorbide compounds described in these publications, and isosorbide compounds having a corresponding structure can be used for the isomannide compounds described in these publications. It can also be used.
  • the addition amount of the chiral agent is preferably added so that the central wavelength of the reflection band of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer formed from the polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing the chiral agent is in the visible region of 380 nm to 780 nm. Since the twisting force varies depending on the liquid crystal compound and the chiral agent, the addition amount is appropriately adjusted depending on the combination of the liquid crystal compound and the chiral agent. As can be seen from the above HTP equation, if the HTP provided by the chiral agent is large, the amount of chiral agent added required for selective reflection at the same wavelength becomes small. When the amount of the chiral agent added is small, the HTP distribution obtained with the same concentration distribution of the chiral agent in the film thickness direction becomes large.
  • the amount of chiral agent added is 0.1 to 8% by mass with respect to the total amount of liquid crystal compounds in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. Is preferable, 0.1 to 7% by mass is more preferable, and 0.1 to 5% by mass is particularly preferable.
  • the amount of the chiral agent added is also preferable from the viewpoint of preventing alignment defects in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • ⁇ Polymerization initiator> Although there is no restriction
  • Various photopolymerization initiators can be used without particular limitation. Examples of photopolymerization initiators include ⁇ -carbonyl compounds (described in US Pat. Nos. 2,367,661 and 2,367,670), acyloin ether (described in US Pat. No. 2,448,828), ⁇ -hydrocarbon substituted aromatics. Group acyloin compounds (described in US Pat. No. 2,722,512), polynuclear quinone compounds (described in US Pat. Nos.
  • the addition amount of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by mass, and preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound.
  • the polymerization of the polyfunctional liquid crystal compound can be appropriately advanced, and by setting the initiator to 20 parts by mass or less, the polymerizable liquid crystal composition has a concentration distribution of the chiral agent. Curing can proceed.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal composition may contain an alignment controller (may be a surfactant).
  • orientation control agent examples include compounds exemplified in [0092] and [0093] of JP-A-2005-99248, and [0076] to [0078] and [0082] of JP-A-2002-129162.
  • the compounds exemplified in JP-A-2005-99248, [0094] and [0095], and JP-A-2005-99248, [0096]. Can be mentioned.
  • alignment control agent compounds described in [0082] to [0090] of JP-A No. 2014-119605 may be used as the fluorine-based alignment control agent.
  • orientation control agent a copolymer containing a repeating unit having a fluoroaliphatic group may be used as the orientation control agent. Examples of the copolymer containing a repeating unit having a fluoroaliphatic group are disclosed in JP-A-2008-257205.
  • a copolymer comprising a structural unit derived from a fluoroaliphatic group-containing monomer described in [0051] to [0052] of the gazette and a structural unit derived from a monomer described in [0055] to [0056]; Compounds described in [0028] to [0056] of JP-A-2008-257205, JP-A-2008-111110, JP-A-2007-27218, JP-A-2007-217656, JP-A-2001-330725 And compounds described in JP-A-2005-179636, [0100] to [0118].
  • the addition amount of the alignment control agent is preferably 0.005 to 3.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.008 to 2.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound.
  • a polymerizable non-liquid crystal monomer may be added to the liquid crystal composition of the present invention.
  • the non-liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the alignment of the liquid crystal composition is not significantly inhibited.
  • compounds having a polymerization active ethylenically unsaturated group such as vinyl group, vinyloxy group, oxetanyl group, acryloyl group and methacryloyl group are preferably used.
  • the addition amount of the non-liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably in the range of 1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to the liquid crystal compound.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal composition may contain a solvent.
  • a solvent of the composition for forming each light reflection layer an organic solvent is preferably used.
  • organic solvents include amides (eg N, N-dimethylformamide), sulfoxides (eg dimethyl sulfoxide), heterocyclic compounds (eg pyridine), hydrocarbons (eg benzene, hexane), alkyl halides (eg , Chloroform, dichloromethane), esters (eg, methyl acetate, butyl acetate), ketones (eg, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone), ethers (eg, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane). Alkyl halides and ketones are preferred. Two or more organic solvents may be used in combination.
  • the application of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition is carried out by using a suitable liquid crystal composition such as a roll coating method, a gravure printing method, a spin coating method, etc. It can be performed by a method of developing by a method. Furthermore, it can be performed by various methods such as a wire bar coating method, an extrusion coating method, a direct gravure coating method, a reverse gravure coating method, and a die coating method.
  • a coating film can be formed by discharging a polymerizable liquid crystal composition from a nozzle using an ink jet apparatus.
  • the coating film may be dried by a known method after the application of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition and before the polymerization reaction for curing. For example, it may be dried by standing or may be dried by heating.
  • the liquid crystal compound molecules in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition only need to be aligned in the steps of applying and drying the polymerizable liquid crystal composition.
  • the coating film may be dried and the solvent may be removed to obtain a cholesteric liquid crystal phase. Further, heating at a transition temperature to the cholesteric liquid crystal phase may be performed.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal phase can be stably formed by heating to the temperature of the isotropic phase and then cooling to the cholesteric liquid crystal phase transition temperature.
  • the liquid crystal phase transition temperature of the aforementioned polymerizable liquid crystal composition is preferably in the range of 10 to 250 ° C., more preferably in the range of 10 to 150 ° C., from the viewpoint of production suitability and the like. It is preferable that the temperature is not less than the above lower limit value because a cooling step or the like is not required in order to lower the temperature to a temperature range exhibiting a liquid crystal phase.
  • Curing may be performed by ultraviolet irradiation.
  • the irradiation energy is preferably 20mJ / cm 2 ⁇ 50J / cm 2, more preferably 100mJ / cm 2 ⁇ 1,500mJ / cm 2, 100mJ / cm 2 ⁇ 800mJ / cm 2 is more preferred. It is preferable to irradiate with a light source including light emission at an irradiation ultraviolet wavelength of 200 nm to 430 nm. In order to accelerate the curing reaction, ultraviolet irradiation may be performed under heating conditions.
  • the temperature at the time of ultraviolet irradiation in the temperature range which exhibits a cholesteric liquid crystal phase so that a cholesteric liquid crystal phase may not be disturbed.
  • the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is related to the degree of cure, if the desired degree of polymerization is not reached in the air and the film strength is insufficient, the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is reduced by a method such as nitrogen substitution. It is preferable.
  • the oxygen concentration is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 7% or less, and most preferably 3% or less.
  • a method of increasing the irradiation amount of ultraviolet rays to be irradiated and polymerization under a nitrogen atmosphere or heating conditions are effective.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer of the optical film of the present invention is a pitch gradient layer in which the helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is changed in the film thickness direction.
  • Various methods for forming a pitch gradient layer have been conventionally studied, and methods for changing the HTP by isomerizing a chiral agent by light irradiation during curing for forming a cholesteric liquid crystal layer have been studied.
  • the pitch gradient layer is obtained by providing the concentration distribution of the chiral agent in the film thickness direction as described above.
  • the polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent as described above before the normal curing process ⁇ illuminance 0.1 mW / cm 2 or more 100 mW / cm 2 It is preferable to perform temporary curing with the weak ultraviolet rays.
  • the illuminance means a value measured at a wavelength of 300 to 390 nm.
  • the chiral agent having no monofunctional or functional group is less likely to participate in curing, and therefore moves to the uncured side of the coating film where the curing is slow, resulting in chiral It is thought that the concentration distribution of the agent occurs.
  • UV intensity during pre-curing is preferably 0.1mW / cm 2 ⁇ 100mW / cm 2, more preferably 1mW / cm 2 ⁇ 70mW / cm 2, more preferably 5mW / cm 2 ⁇ 50mW / cm 2, 5mW / Particularly preferred is cm 2 to 30 mW / cm 2 .
  • the chiral agent in the case of the concentration distribution of the chiral agent includes a partial structure derived from the chiral agent in a product produced by reaction with a polymerizable group moiety. Further, the concentration distribution of the chiral agent may be continuous or discontinuous in the film thickness direction, but is preferably continuous.
  • the concentration of the chiral agent is preferably continuously decreased (or continuously increased) from one side of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer to the other side.
  • the conditions for ultraviolet irradiation at the time of temporary curing are not particularly limited as long as the illuminance is 0.1 mW / cm 2 or more to 100 mW / cm 2 .
  • the ultraviolet irradiation may be performed in an air atmosphere or a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • ultraviolet latitude irradiation may be performed from any side of the coating film. For example, it may be performed from the support side or from the opposite side.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation at the time of temporary curing may be 30 seconds or less.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation time at the time of temporary hardening may be short, it is not necessary to reduce line speed in a manufacturing line, and it is preferable.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation during temporary curing is preferably longer than 1 second and shorter than 25 seconds, and more preferably 2 seconds to 22 seconds.
  • ultraviolet irradiation may be performed while heating.
  • the heating temperature can be adjusted according to the phase transition point of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition, and the concentration distribution of the chiral agent can be controlled by the heating temperature.
  • the heating temperature is preferably from room temperature to 200 ° C, more preferably from room temperature to 150 ° C.
  • ultraviolet rays may be irradiated through a wavelength cut filter that cuts a specific wavelength at the time of ultraviolet irradiation.
  • a wavelength cut filter that cuts a specific wavelength at the time of ultraviolet irradiation.
  • the wavelength cut filter to be used can be appropriately selected according to the absorption wavelength and extinction coefficient of the liquid crystal compound and the initiator and the amount of the initiator added.
  • the concentration distribution of the chiral agent can be adjusted by selectively irradiating ultraviolet light having a wavelength that the polyfunctional liquid crystal compound absorbs with a wavelength cut filter to adjust the progress of curing in the coating film.
  • the main curing may be performed with a higher illuminance than in the temporary curing. For example, 30 mW / cm 2 greater than 300 mW / cm 2 or less, 40 mW / cm 2 greater than 200 mW / cm 2 or less, may be performed in such large 100 mW / cm 2 or less than 50 mW / cm 2.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation conditions in the main curing are not particularly limited as long as the irradiation is performed with a higher dose than in the temporary curing and the cholesteric liquid crystal phase can be fixed.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation may be performed in an air atmosphere or a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • ultraviolet latitude irradiation may be performed from any side of the coating film.
  • it may be performed from the support side or from the opposite side.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation time for the main curing is not particularly limited, but may be about 0.5 seconds to 3 minutes, and preferably about 1 second to 1 minute.
  • ultraviolet rays may be irradiated through a filter that cuts a specific wavelength.
  • the temporary curing there is a difference in the degree of curing of the liquid crystal compound in the coating film. That is, it is considered that it is a semi-hardened state when viewed in the whole film thickness direction. A film in such a state is concerned with durability and winding ability in continuous roll production. In consideration of these, it is desired to sufficiently cure by adding a large amount of an initiator. However, if the curing rate is too high, it is disadvantageous for obtaining a broadband cholesteric liquid crystal film as described above.
  • a wavelength cut filter is used so that the curing speed does not become too fast.
  • the fixing step main curing step
  • the main curing may be performed by heating.
  • the main curing is performed by the ultraviolet irradiation, it is preferable not to include a heating step between the temporary curing and the main curing. This is because by using the polymerizable liquid crystal composition having the above composition, a pitch gradient layer can be produced by performing ultraviolet irradiation for 30 seconds or less and without including a heating step.
  • the heating step here may be heating to a temperature higher than room temperature, preferably heating to 50 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably heating to 70 ° C. or higher.
  • the optical film of the present invention may include an alignment layer.
  • the alignment layer is used to align the molecules of the liquid crystal compound in the polymerizable liquid crystal composition when forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the alignment layer only needs to be used in the formation of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and the alignment layer may or may not be included in the optical film.
  • the alignment layer examples include a rubbing-treated alignment layer of an organic compound (preferably a polymer), an oblique deposition alignment layer of an inorganic compound such as SiO, and an alignment layer obtained by forming a layer having microgrooves. Furthermore, a photo-alignment layer in which an alignment function is generated by application of an electric field, application of a magnetic field, or light irradiation is also known. Depending on the material of the lower layer such as a support, the support can be directly functioned as an alignment layer by performing an alignment treatment (for example, rubbing treatment) without providing an alignment layer.
  • An example of such a lower layer support is PET.
  • the lower light reflecting layer may behave as an alignment layer, and the liquid crystal compound for producing the upper light reflecting layer may be aligned.
  • the upper liquid crystal compound can be aligned without providing an alignment layer or without performing a special alignment process (for example, rubbing process).
  • Examples of the polymer that can be used for the rubbing treatment oriented layer include, for example, a methacrylate copolymer, a styrene copolymer, a polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like described in paragraph No. [0022] of JP-A-8-338913.
  • Examples include modified polyvinyl alcohol, poly (N-methylolacrylamide), polyester, polyimide, vinyl acetate copolymer, carboxymethylcellulose, and polycarbonate.
  • Silane coupling agents can be used as the polymer.
  • Poly (N-methylolacrylamide), carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohol, polyester and polyimide are preferred, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol are more preferred, and polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol, polyester and polyimide are most preferred. preferable.
  • the aforementioned composition is applied to the rubbing-treated surface of the alignment layer to align the molecules of the liquid crystal compound. After that, if necessary, the alignment layer polymer and the polyfunctional monomer contained in the optically anisotropic layer are reacted, or the alignment layer polymer is crosslinked using a crosslinking agent, thereby the optical anisotropy described above.
  • a layer can be formed.
  • the film thickness of the alignment layer is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the lower layer such as the support or the alignment layer coated with the polymerizable liquid crystal composition may be rubbed as necessary.
  • the rubbing treatment can be generally performed by rubbing the surface of a film containing a polymer as a main component with paper or cloth in a certain direction.
  • a general method of rubbing is described in, for example, “Liquid Crystal Handbook” (issued by Maruzen, October 30, 2000).
  • the rubbing density (L) is quantified by the following formula (A).
  • Formula (A) L Nl (1 + 2 ⁇ rn / 60v)
  • N is the number of rubbing
  • l is the contact length of the rubbing roller
  • r is the radius of the roller
  • n is the number of rotations (rpm) of the roller
  • v is the stage moving speed (second speed).
  • the rubbing frequency should be increased, the contact length of the rubbing roller should be increased, the radius of the roller should be increased, the rotation speed of the roller should be increased, and the stage moving speed should be decreased, while the rubbing density should be decreased. To do this, you can reverse this.
  • the description in Japanese Patent No. 4052558 can also be referred to as conditions for the rubbing process.
  • the optical film of the present invention may include a support.
  • a support body can function as a layer which supports the layer formed from the composition containing a liquid crystal compound.
  • the optical film of the present invention may not include a support for forming a cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • glass or a transparent film is used as a support for forming a cholesteric liquid crystal layer. After forming the film, only the cholesteric liquid crystal layer may be peeled off from the support during film formation to form the optical film of the present invention.
  • polymer film materials used as the support include cellulose acylate films (for example, cellulose triacetate film (refractive index 1.48), cellulose diacetate film, cellulose acetate butyrate film, cellulose acetate propionate film).
  • Polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester resin films such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate, polyether sulfone films, polyacrylic resin films such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane resin films, polyester films, polycarbonate films , Polysulfone film, polyether film, polymethylpentene film, polyetherketone film (Meth) acrylonitrile film, polyolefin, polymer having an alicyclic structure (norbornene resin (Arton: trade name, manufactured by JSR Corporation, amorphous polyolefin (ZEONEX: trade name, manufactured by ZEON Corporation)), etc. Of these, triacetyl cellulose, polyethylene tere
  • the thickness of the transparent support may be about 5 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, preferably 5 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m.
  • the transparent support may be composed of a plurality of laminated layers. A thinner one is preferable for suppressing external light reflection, but if it is thinner than 5 ⁇ m, the strength of the film tends to be low, which tends to be undesirable.
  • the transparent support may be subjected to surface treatment (eg, glow discharge treatment, corona discharge treatment, ultraviolet (UV) treatment, flame treatment). .
  • An adhesive layer undercoat layer may be provided on the support.
  • the long support is provided with inorganic particles having an average particle size of about 10 to 100 nm in order to provide slippage in the transport process and to prevent sticking between the back surface and the surface after winding. It is preferable to use a polymer layer in which 5% to 40% of the solid content is mixed and formed on one side of the support by coating or co-casting with the support.
  • Example 1 The following coating liquid was prepared as a composition for forming a cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • Cholesteric liquid crystal layer forming composition ⁇ The following liquid crystal compound (LC1) 100 parts by mass The following chiral agent (C1) 2.5 parts by mass Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 819; manufactured by BASF) 0.75 parts by mass The following surfactant (W1) 0.05 Part by weight The following surfactant (W2) 0.01 part by weight Methyl ethyl ketone 250 parts by weight Cyclohexanone 50 parts by weight ⁇ ⁇
  • LC1 liquid crystal compound 100 parts by mass
  • C1 2.5 parts by mass
  • Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 819; manufactured by BASF) 0.75 parts by mass
  • the following surfactant (W1) 0.05 Part by weight
  • the following surfactant (W2) 0.01 part by weight Methyl ethyl ketone 250 parts by weight Cyclohexanone 50 parts by weight ⁇
  • the surface of PET (Cosmo Shine A4100, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) having a film thickness of 75 ⁇ m was rubbed using a rubbing apparatus. At this time, the longitudinal direction of the long film and the transport direction were parallel, and the rotation axis of the rubbing roller was 45 ° clockwise relative to the longitudinal direction of the film.
  • the coating liquid was applied to a PET rubbing surface using a wire bar so as to have a film thickness of 3 ⁇ m to form a film made of a polymerizable liquid crystal composition. Next, this film was heated at 70 ° C. for 1 minute to perform cholesteric alignment treatment. Thereafter, the coating film cooled to 25 ° C.
  • UV irradiation apparatus EXECURE 3000-W manufactured by HOYA
  • UVR-T1 UVR-T36; manufactured by TOPCON
  • a transmission spectrum was measured in the range of 400 nm to 800 nm before and after UV irradiation using an AxoScan from Axometrix. Two wavelengths at which the transmittance was 0.7 were read, and the difference was calculated as a reflection band (half width).
  • the chiral agent had a concentration distribution in the film thickness direction.
  • the optical film was cut obliquely at an angle of 1 ° with respect to the coated surface, and the cross section and surface of the produced film were measured with a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS).
  • the above liquid crystal compound (LC1) 0.5 mg was dissolved in 50 ml of acetolitol.
  • the obtained solution was transferred to a quartz glass container (optical path length 1 cm), and absorbance was measured every 1 nm in the wavelength range of 250 to 500 nm using a spectrophotometer UV3150 (Shimadzu Corporation).
  • the molar extinction coefficient at each wavelength was calculated from the measured values, and the average value of the values of 300 to 400 nm was calculated.
  • Examples 2 to 6 Comparative Examples 1 to 3>
  • the liquid crystal compound, chiral agent, photopolymerization initiator, surfactant, film thickness, provisional curing conditions at the time of forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and the substrate on which the polymerizable liquid crystal composition is applied are changed as shown in Table 1.
  • optical films of Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were produced.
  • the average molar extinction coefficient of the liquid crystal compound used was also measured in the same manner.
  • the obtained optical film was evaluated for the reflection band and the concentration distribution of the chiral agent in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the evaluation results of the reflection band are shown in Table 1.
  • the results are shown in Table 1.
  • the photopolymerization initiators in Table 1 are as follows. Irg819 (Irgacure 819; manufactured by BASF) Irg907 (Irgacure 907; manufactured by BASF) OXE02 (Irgacure OXE02; manufactured by BASF)
  • TAC alignment film and “ ⁇ / 4 plate” in Table 1 were prepared as follows.
  • the side surface of the alignment layer was used for the TAC alignment film, and the side surface of the optical anisotropic layer was used for the ⁇ / 4 plate after being rubbed in the same manner as the above PET surface.
  • TAC alignment film Cellulose acylate film T1 (“TD40UL” (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation) is passed through a dielectric heating roll at a temperature of 60 ° C., and the film surface temperature is raised to 40 ° C., and then the composition shown below on one side of the film was applied at a coating amount of 14 ml / m 2 using a bar coater and heated to 110 ° C. It was transported for 10 seconds under a steam far-infrared heater manufactured by Noritake Company Limited. Using a bar coater, pure water was applied at a rate of 3 ml / m 2. Next, washing with a fountain coater and draining with an air knife were repeated three times, followed by transporting to a drying zone at 70 ° C. for 10 seconds to dry, An alkali saponified cellulose acylate film was prepared.
  • alignment film coating solution having the following composition was continuously applied with a # 14 wire bar. Drying was performed with warm air of 60 ° C. for 60 seconds and further with warm air of 100 ° C. for 120 seconds.
  • Composition of alignment film coating solution ⁇ Denatured polyvinyl alcohol 10 parts by weight Water 371 parts by weight Methanol 119 parts by weight Glutaraldehyde 0.5 parts by weight Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 2959, manufactured by BASF) 0.3 parts by weight ⁇ ⁇
  • the coating liquid was heated with warm air of 130 ° C. for 90 seconds. Subsequently, UV irradiation was performed at 80 ° C. to fix the orientation of the liquid crystal compound, and an optically anisotropic layer that was a ⁇ / 4 plate was formed. Thereafter, UV irradiation was performed at 50 mW for 6 seconds in a nitrogen atmosphere (UV irradiation amount was 300 mJ / cm ⁇ 1 ).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Optical Filters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un film optique comprenant une couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques, la couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques étant une couche obtenue par durcissement d'une composition de cristaux liquides polymérisable contenant un composé de cristaux liquides polyfonctionnel et un agent chiral. Le composé de cristaux liquides polyfonctionnel comprend deux groupes polymérisables ou plus et présente un coefficient d'absorption molaire moyenne, à 300-400 nm, de 5000 ou plus. L'agent chiral comprend aucun groupe polymérisable ou seulement un, et dans la couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques, il présente une distribution de concentration dans le sens de l'épaisseur du film. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production de film optique comprenant une couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques, qui consiste à former la couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques par durcissement d'un film de revêtement d'une composition de cristaux liquides polymérisable qui contient un composé de cristaux liquides polyfonctionnel et un agent chiral. Le durcissement comprend une étape de prédurcissement consistant à effectuer une irradiation avec des rayons ultraviolets dont l'éclairement est de 0,1 à 100 mW/cm2 2 pendant 30 secondes ou moins. Selon l'invention, un film optique comprenant une couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques qui présente une réflexion sélective dans une large bande de longueur d'onde peut être produit à une productivité élevée.
PCT/JP2015/077326 2014-09-29 2015-09-28 Film optique à couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques et procédé de production de film optique à couche de cristaux liquides cholestériques WO2016052404A1 (fr)

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WO2019073974A1 (fr) * 2017-10-11 2019-04-18 富士フイルム株式会社 Feuille réfléchissante, feuille décorative et procédé de production de feuille réfléchissante
CN111527428A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2020-08-11 富士胶片株式会社 光学元件、导光元件及图像显示装置
CN111554812A (zh) * 2020-05-14 2020-08-18 苏州大学 图案化有机晶体阵列的制备方法及有机场效应晶体管
CN114479693A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2022-05-13 纳琳威纳米科技（上海）有限公司 一种防鸟撞光学柔性薄膜及其制备方法和应用

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JP2003066214A (ja) * 2001-08-22 2003-03-05 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd コレステリック液晶カラーフィルタの製造方法
JP2003313187A (ja) * 2002-04-18 2003-11-06 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 光学活性イソソルビド誘導体及びその製造方法、光反応型キラル剤、液晶組成物、液晶カラーフィルター、光学フィルム及び記録媒体、並びに液晶の螺旋構造を変化させる方法、液晶の螺旋構造を固定化する方法
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WO2019073974A1 (fr) * 2017-10-11 2019-04-18 富士フイルム株式会社 Feuille réfléchissante, feuille décorative et procédé de production de feuille réfléchissante
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CN111344610B (zh) * 2017-10-11 2021-12-07 富士胶片株式会社 反射片、装饰片及反射片的制造方法
CN111527428A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2020-08-11 富士胶片株式会社 光学元件、导光元件及图像显示装置
CN111554812A (zh) * 2020-05-14 2020-08-18 苏州大学 图案化有机晶体阵列的制备方法及有机场效应晶体管
CN111554812B (zh) * 2020-05-14 2022-04-22 苏州大学 图案化有机晶体阵列的制备方法及有机场效应晶体管
CN114479693A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2022-05-13 纳琳威纳米科技（上海）有限公司 一种防鸟撞光学柔性薄膜及其制备方法和应用
CN114479693B (zh) * 2021-09-08 2023-12-19 纳琳威纳米科技（上海）有限公司 一种防鸟撞光学柔性薄膜及其制备方法和应用

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