WO2016047209A1 - 直流遮断器 - Google Patents
直流遮断器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016047209A1 WO2016047209A1 PCT/JP2015/066291 JP2015066291W WO2016047209A1 WO 2016047209 A1 WO2016047209 A1 WO 2016047209A1 JP 2015066291 W JP2015066291 W JP 2015066291W WO 2016047209 A1 WO2016047209 A1 WO 2016047209A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- circuit breaker
- current
- switch
- semiconductor switch
- circuit
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
- H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
- H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
- H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a DC circuit breaker, and more particularly to a DC circuit breaker that protects load-side equipment by opening and closing a normal load current of a DC power system and blocking a short-circuit current and a ground fault current at the time of an accident. .
- the power system is equipped with a circuit breaker that cuts off the accident current when an accident occurs.
- Mechanical AC circuit breakers such as gas circuit breakers, vacuum circuit breakers, and air circuit breakers that are generally used in AC power systems cannot be interrupted unless the current value becomes zero. For this reason, the AC circuit breaker interrupts the accident current at the timing when the current value that is visited every half cycle of AC is zero.
- a method of cutting off direct current using a semiconductor switch does not require a device for forcibly setting the current value to zero, and the current can be cut off by opening the semiconductor switch.
- a load current is passed through a semiconductor switch in a normal energized state, that is, a closed state, Joule heat is generated due to the resistance component of the semiconductor switch, and power loss occurs.
- the power loss is small because the metal contact is energized.
- a mechanical switch is connected in parallel to a semiconductor switch GTO (Gate Turn-Off thyristor), which is usually a mechanical switch.
- GTO Gate Turn-Off thyristor
- a DC circuit breaker disclosed in International Publication No. 2011/057675 includes a series of main semiconductor switches and a main semiconductor switch. It is equipped with an auxiliary semiconductor switch with a smaller number of series than that and a mechanical disconnector that opens in series with it at high speed.In normal times, current is supplied to the auxiliary semiconductor switch. It commutates to the semiconductor switch and cuts off the accident current at the main semiconductor switch.
- Patent Document 1 In order to use the DC circuit breaker disclosed in Patent Document 1 for an ultra-high voltage power transmission system, it is necessary to obtain a withstand voltage by connecting a number of GTOs in series. In order to commutate current from the mechanical switch to the GTO series connection in the event of an accident, it is necessary to generate an arc voltage in the mechanical switch that exceeds the voltage (ON voltage) when the GTO series connection is turned on. is there. However, the vacuum contactor used as a mechanical switch in Patent Document 1 may not be able to generate a sufficient arc voltage.
- a mechanical disconnector is provided in series with the GTO.
- this disconnector becomes open when the current flowing through the surge absorber becomes zero, surge absorption is achieved.
- the voltage across the device ie at least the system voltage, is applied to the mechanical switch. Therefore, the mechanical switch is required to generate a large arc voltage and to have a withstand voltage performance to withstand a very high voltage, so that it is necessary to use an expensive circuit breaker.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost DC breaker with low power loss.
- a DC circuit breaker includes a mechanical switch provided on a line through which a direct current flows, and a semiconductor switch connected in parallel to the mechanical switch.
- the mechanical switch includes a disconnector and a circuit breaker connected in series. Normally, when a direct current is passed through a mechanical switch and the direct current is interrupted, the mechanical switch is turned off and the semiconductor switch is turned off after the direct current is commutated to the semiconductor switch. .
- the DC circuit breaker since a direct current is normally passed through the mechanical disconnector and circuit breaker, power loss can be reduced. In addition, since the breaker having a low withstand voltage performance may be used, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced. Furthermore, since the disconnector can be configured with a short gap, the apparatus can be reduced in size and price. Further, when the direct current is interrupted, the interrupting time can be shortened because the direct current is commutated to the semiconductor switch and the current is interrupted by the semiconductor switch.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit block diagram showing a modification of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of a DC circuit breaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the DC circuit breaker is provided on a line 1 of a DC power transmission system, and includes a mechanical switch 2, a forced commutation circuit 10, a semiconductor switch 20, and a control device 30.
- the mechanical switch 2 includes a gas disconnector 3 and a vacuum circuit breaker 4 connected in series between the upstream line 1a and the downstream line 1b.
- the gas disconnector 3 is controlled by a control signal ⁇ 3 from the control device 30 and is normally in a closed state (conducting state) to pass a direct current, and when the direct current is cut off, the direct current is supplied to the semiconductor switch 20. After being commutated, it is brought into an open state (non-conductive state).
- the gas disconnector 3 contacts or separates a tank filled with an insulating gas such as SF 6 , dry air, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, two electrodes provided in the tank, and contact points of the two electrodes. And a driving device for making the electrodes conductive or non-conductive.
- the gas disconnector 3 has an insulation capability (withstand voltage performance) capable of withstanding the voltage applied to the DC breaker when the distance between the contacts becomes a certain distance or more.
- the drive device drives the electrode using a high-speed spring, hydraulic pressure, electromagnetic force, or the like.
- the driving device using electromagnetic force may be configured to assist the driving force by using an electromagnetic repulsion plate, a driving coil, or the like due to a large DC accident current.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the gas disconnector 3.
- contacts of two electrodes EL1 and EL2 are provided opposite to each other in a tank (not shown) filled with an insulating gas.
- the contacts of the electrodes EL1, EL2 are contacted or separated by a driving device (not shown).
- FIG. 2 shows a state where the contacts of the electrodes EL1 and EL2 are separated.
- the portions other than the contacts of the electrodes EL1 and EL2 are covered with the shields 5 and 6, respectively, so that sufficient insulation capability can be obtained even if the distance between the contacts of the electrodes EL1 and EL2 is shortened.
- An insulating material 7 is applied to portions facing each other.
- the electrode EL1 is formed in a tubular shape.
- the vacuum circuit breaker 4 is controlled by a control signal ⁇ 4 from the control device 30, and is normally in a closed state (conducting state) to allow direct current to flow and to interrupt direct current.
- a direct current is commutated to the semiconductor switch 20 in a pole state (non-conductive state).
- the vacuum circuit breaker 4 includes a vacuum container called a vacuum valve, two electrodes provided in the vacuum container, and a driving device that makes the two electrodes contact or separate to make the electrodes conductive or non-conductive. .
- the driving device drives the electrode using a high-speed spring, hydraulic pressure, electromagnetic force, or the like.
- the arc is ignited when the contacts of the two electrodes are separated during energization, but when the distance between the contacts exceeds a certain distance, the current is interrupted when the current becomes zero. it can.
- the insulation performance of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 may be inferior to the insulation performance of the gas disconnector 3.
- the insulation performance between the two electrodes may be any performance that can withstand the voltage generated between the electrodes when the semiconductor switch 20 is in an on state and an accident current is flowing.
- the insulation performance of the electrode to the ground may be any one that can withstand the voltage of the DC power transmission system.
- the forced commutation circuit 10 flows a current in a direction opposite to the direction of the direct current flowing through the vacuum circuit breaker 4 to the vacuum circuit breaker 4 when the direct current is interrupted, and generates a zero current in the vacuum circuit breaker 4 to generate a vacuum.
- the circuit breaker 4 is turned off.
- Forced commutation circuit 10 includes a capacitor 11, a reactor 12, switches 13 to 15, and a charger 16. Capacitor 11, reactor 12, and switch 13 are connected in series between the upstream electrode and the downstream electrode of vacuum circuit breaker 4.
- the capacitor 11 and the reactor 12 constitute a resonance circuit.
- the reactor 12 may be substituted depending on the inductance of the circuit line.
- the switch 13 may be a switch such as a vacuum circuit breaker or a gas circuit breaker, a gas or vacuum gap switch, or a thyristor or IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).
- a semiconductor element such as may be used.
- the switch 13 is controlled by a control signal ⁇ 13 from the control device 30, and is normally made non-conductive, and is made conductive when interrupting the direct current.
- a current in the direction opposite to the direct current flows from the capacitor 11 to the vacuum circuit breaker 4 via the reactor and the switch 13, and the current flowing through the vacuum circuit breaker 4 is set to 0 so that the vacuum circuit breaks.
- the device 4 is turned off.
- the negative terminal of the charger 16 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor 11 via the switch 14, and the positive terminal of the charger 16 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor 11 via the switch 15.
- the switches 14 and 15 and the charger 16 are controlled by the control device 30, for example. At the time of charging, the switches 14 and 15 are turned on, and the charger 16 charges the capacitor 11 to a predetermined DC voltage via the switches 14 and 15.
- the semiconductor switch 20 is connected in parallel with the mechanical switch 2 between the upstream line 1a and the downstream line 1b.
- the semiconductor switch 20 is controlled by a control signal ⁇ 20 from the control device 30, and when the direct current is interrupted, the semiconductor switch 20 is turned off after flowing the current commutated from the mechanical switch 2.
- the semiconductor switch 20 is modularized including a semiconductor element such as an IGBT or GTO formed of a semiconductor such as SiC and a driver that makes the semiconductor element conductive or non-conductive in response to a control signal ⁇ 20. .
- the semiconductor switch 20 may include a plurality of semiconductor elements connected in parallel or in series. FIG. 1 shows a case where the semiconductor switch 20 includes one IGBT 21.
- 3 (a) and 3 (b) are time charts showing the operation of the current breaker.
- 3A shows the current I4 flowing through the vacuum circuit breaker 4, the current I20 flowing through the semiconductor switch 20, the stroke ST4 of the driving device included in the vacuum circuit breaker 4, and the driving device included in the gas disconnector 3.
- FIG. The time change with stroke ST3 is shown.
- FIG. 3B shows changes over time in the control signals ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, ⁇ 13, and ⁇ 20 of the gas disconnector 3, the vacuum circuit breaker 4, the semiconductor switch 20, and the switch 13.
- control signals ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, ⁇ 13, and ⁇ 20 are all at the “L” level, and the gas disconnector 3, the vacuum circuit breaker 4, and the semiconductor switch 20 is turned on and the switch 13 is turned off. It is assumed that the charging of the capacitor 11 has been completed and the switches 14 and 15 are in a non-conductive state.
- an opening command for interrupting the DC current is given to the control device 30 from the external protection relay to shut off the DC current.
- the control device 30 raises the control signal ⁇ 4 from the “L” level to the “H” level to cause the driving device of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 to start the opening operation.
- the semiconductor switch 20 may be in a non-conductive state, and the semiconductor switch 20 may be in a conductive state at this time (time t1).
- the control device 30 changes the control signal ⁇ 13 from the “L” level to the “H” level at time t3, and turns on the switch 13.
- a current in the direction opposite to the direct current flows from the capacitor 11 to the vacuum circuit breaker 4 via the reactor 12 and the switch 13, a current zero point is formed, the vacuum arc is extinguished, and the vacuum circuit breaker 4 is non-conductive.
- the voltage between the terminals of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 exceeds the ON voltage of the semiconductor switch 20, and the direct current is commutated from the vacuum circuit breaker 4 to the semiconductor switch 20 (time t4).
- the control device 30 sets the control signal ⁇ 13 to the “H” level to turn on the switch 13 of the forced commutation circuit 10.
- the capacitor 11 is charged in advance by a charger 16 with a polarity and a voltage value such that a current in the reverse direction flows with respect to the accidental DC current flowing through the vacuum circuit breaker 4. Therefore, when the switch 13 is turned on, discharging of the capacitor 11 is started and a reverse current is applied to the vacuum circuit breaker 4.
- a current zero point is generated by superimposing the fault DC current and the reverse current.
- the vacuum circuit breaker 4 interrupts the current flowing through it.
- the fault DC current is commutated from the vacuum circuit breaker 4 to the semiconductor switch 20.
- the withstand voltage between the contacts of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 only needs to be equal to or higher than a voltage that exceeds the ON voltage of the semiconductor switch 20.
- the control device 30 raises the control signal ⁇ 3 from the “L” level to the “H” level, and the gas disconnector 3 To start the opening operation.
- the stroke ST3 of the drive device for the gas disconnector 3 reaches the contact separation position P2.
- the control device 30 Raises the control signal ⁇ 20 from “L” level to “H” level to make the semiconductor switch 20 non-conductive. At this time, since almost all of the voltages received by the DC circuit breaker are applied to the gas disconnector 3, the withstand voltage performance of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 may be lower than the withstand voltage performance of the gas disconnector 3. If the semiconductor switch 20 is configured to withstand the voltage received from the DC power transmission system, the DC current interruption is completed.
- the vacuum circuit breaker 4 since a direct current is normally passed through the mechanical switch 2 (that is, the gas disconnector 3 and the vacuum circuit breaker 4), the power loss can be reduced. Moreover, since the vacuum circuit breaker 4 should just use the thing of the low withstand voltage performance, it can achieve the cost reduction of an apparatus.
- the opening operation of the gas disconnector 3 is started after the current I4 flowing through the vacuum circuit breaker 4 disappears, no arc is ignited between the contacts of the gas disconnector 3.
- the arc is extremely high temperature plasma up to 20000 K, and when a high current arc is ignited for a long time, the contact is consumed and damaged.
- the insulating medium such as gas and air becomes high temperature, the insulating performance is deteriorated immediately after the arc is extinguished, compared with the case where the arc is opened without ignition.
- the arc is not ignited in the gas disconnector 3 when the opening operation as described above is performed, the contact is not consumed, damaged, or the insulation performance is not deteriorated, and a sufficient insulation distance can be obtained even with a short gap length. be able to. Therefore, not only the apparatus can be miniaturized, but also the time required for opening can be shortened, and the opening operation speed can be increased.
- a disconnector using a gas insulating medium such as SF 6 gas is used as the gas disconnector 3.
- SF 6 gas a gas insulating medium
- the vacuum disconnector can be used in place of the gas disconnector 3 as long as the contact distance sufficient to withstand the voltage applied to the DC breaker can be obtained. Is possible.
- a gas circuit breaker using an insulating arc extinguishing medium such as SF 6 gas, nitrogen, argon, air, carbon dioxide, or the like is driven by a magnetic field such as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.
- a magnetic field such as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.
- a circuit breaker that extinguishes the magnetic drive may be used.
- the vacuum circuit breaker 4 is turned off, a DC current is commutated to the semiconductor switch 20, the gas disconnector 3 is turned off, the semiconductor switch 20 is turned off, and the DC circuit breaker is turned off. It is in conduction.
- FIG. 3 shows a case where T1 ⁇ T2.
- control signals ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 3 are simultaneously raised to the “H” level to cause the vacuum circuit breaker 4 and the gas disconnector 3 to start the opening operation at the same time. It is not necessary, and the time may be slightly shifted within an error range caused by the performance of the control device 30 or the like.
- the vacuum circuit breaker 4 and the gas disconnector 3 are opened simultaneously. However, after the two contacts of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 are separated, the two contacts of the gas disconnector 3 are separated. Can be opened, the gas circuit breaker 3 can start the opening operation after the gas disconnector 3 starts the opening operation, or the vacuum circuit breaker 4 can start the opening operation. After that, the gas disconnector 3 may start the opening operation.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of a DC circuit breaker according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and is a diagram to be compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 5, this DC circuit breaker is different from the DC circuit breaker of FIG. 1 in that vacuum circuit breaker 4 is replaced by gas circuit breaker 4A, semiconductor switch 20 is replaced by semiconductor switch 20A, and forced commutation is performed. The circuit 10 is removed.
- the gas circuit breaker 4A is filled with an insulating arc-extinguishing medium such as SF 6 gas, nitrogen, argon, air or carbon dioxide between electrodes.
- the semiconductor switch 20A includes an IGBT 21A made of SiC.
- the IGBT 21A has a relatively low on-voltage. For this reason, the arc voltage of the gas circuit breaker 4A can be made sufficiently higher than the on-voltage of the semiconductor switch 20A (that is, the arc resistance of the gas circuit breaker 4A can be made higher than the on-resistance (resistance value when turned on) of the semiconductor switch 20A).
- the DC current can be commutated to the semiconductor switch 20A without forming a current zero point in the gas circuit breaker 4A, so that the forced commutation circuit 10 is not required and the cost of the apparatus is low. Can be achieved.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of a DC circuit breaker according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and is a diagram to be compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 6, this DC circuit breaker is different from the DC circuit breaker of FIG. 1 in that semiconductor switch 20 is replaced with semiconductor switch 20B.
- the semiconductor switch 20B is obtained by adding a capacitor 22 and a resistance element 23 to the semiconductor switch 20.
- Capacitor 22 and resistance element 23 are connected in series between the collector and emitter of IGBT 21 to form a snubber circuit for absorbing a surge voltage.
- the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- a plurality (four in FIG. 7) of semiconductor switches 20B may be connected in series between the upstream line 1a and the downstream line 1b.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of a DC circuit breaker according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, and is a diagram compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 8, this DC circuit breaker is different from the DC circuit breaker of FIG. 6 in that the forced commutation circuit 10 is replaced with a forced commutation circuit 10A.
- the forced commutation circuit 10 ⁇ / b> A is obtained by adding a resistance element 17 to the forced commutation circuit 10.
- the resistance element 17, the capacitor 11, the reactor 12, and the switch 13 are connected in series between the electrode on the gas disconnector 3 side of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 and the electrode on the downstream line 1b side.
- the resistance element 17 when the vacuum circuit breaker 4 is turned off, the resistance element 17 attenuates the reverse current supplied from the capacitor 11 to the vacuum circuit breaker 4 via the reactor 12 and the switch 13. it can.
- the resistance element 17 can be substituted with the resistance component of the reactor 12 or the line.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of a DC circuit breaker according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, which is compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 9, this DC circuit breaker is different from the DC circuit breaker of FIG. 8 in that the forced commutation circuit 10A is replaced with a forced commutation circuit 10B.
- the forced commutation circuit 10B is obtained by removing the switches 14 and 15 and the charger 16 from the forced commutation circuit 10A and adding a battery 18.
- the positive electrode of the battery 18 is connected to the electrode on the downstream line 1 b side of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 through the capacitor 11, the reactor 12, and the switch 13, and the negative electrode of the battery 18 is upstream of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 through the resistance element 17. It is connected to the electrode on the side line 1a side.
- the switch 13 is turned on, and a current in the reverse direction of the direct current flows from the battery 18 to the vacuum circuit breaker 4 through the capacitor 11, the reactor 12, and the switch 13. .
- the apparatus can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of a DC circuit breaker according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention, and is a diagram compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 10, this DC circuit breaker is different from the DC circuit breaker of FIG. 6 in that a lightning arrester 25 is added.
- the lightning arrester 25 is connected in parallel to the semiconductor switch 20B and absorbs the circuit energy after the semiconductor switch 20B is made non-conductive to cut off the direct current.
- a direct current is commutated from the semiconductor switch B to the lightning arrester 25.
- the lightning arrester 25 a voltage is generated between the terminals according to the response speed to a transient current change during commutation.
- the voltage between the terminals is larger than the system voltage, the commutation to the lightning arrester 25 is possible if each of the gas disconnector 3 and the semiconductor switch 20B has a withstand voltage performance sufficient to withstand the voltage generated between the terminals of the lightning arrester 25. Succeeds.
- the current flowing through the lightning arrester 25 is attenuated by a time constant determined by the lightning arrester 25 and the line reactor. When the current reaches almost zero, the DC current interruption is completed.
- the circuit energy can be quickly attenuated after the semiconductor switch 20B is turned off.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of a DC circuit breaker according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention, and is a diagram compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 11, this DC circuit breaker is different from the DC circuit breaker of FIG. 10 in that semiconductor switch 20B is replaced with semiconductor switch 20C.
- the semiconductor switch 20C is obtained by adding a diode 24 to the semiconductor switch 20B.
- the diode 24 is connected to the IGBT 21 in antiparallel. That is, the anode and cathode of the diode 24 are connected to the emitter and collector of the IGBT 21, respectively.
- the current flowing from the capacitor 11 to the diode 24 becomes a residual current.
- This residual current can be attenuated and extinguished by, for example, the resistance element 17 of FIG. If the gas disconnector 3 is opened after the residual current disappears, the arc is not ignited by the gas disconnector 3, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the gas disconnector 3 is designed so that the arc can be extinguished even when a small current such as a residual current flows, the opening operation can be started without waiting for the arc to disappear, It is possible to shorten the time until the completion of breaking, and to obtain a high-speed DC breaker. Furthermore, the gas disconnector 3 can be reliably cut off by providing means for driving the arc by magnetic force using a permanent magnet or electromagnet to cut off the small current and assisting the extinguishing of the arc.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of a DC circuit breaker according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention, and is a diagram compared with FIG. Referring to FIG. 12, this DC circuit breaker is different from the DC circuit breaker of FIG. 11 in that a saturable reactor 26 is added.
- the saturable reactor 26 is connected between an electrode on the downstream line 1 b side of the vacuum circuit breaker 4 and a terminal on the downstream line 1 b side of the switch 13.
- the saturable reactor 26 has a characteristic that the inductance changes nonlinearly with respect to the current value, the inductance decreases as the current value increases, and the inductance increases as the current value decreases. Since the saturable reactor 26 is provided, when a reverse current is supplied from the capacitor 11 via the reactor 12 and the switch 13 to the vacuum circuit breaker 4 and the current flowing through the vacuum circuit breaker 4 is set to approximately 0 A, the current changes with time. Becomes smaller. For this reason, the vacuum circuit breaker 4 is easily interrupted, and a direct current can be reliably commutated from the vacuum circuit breaker 4 to the semiconductor switch 20.
- Embodiments 1 to 9 may be combined as appropriate.
- the embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive.
- the scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による直流遮断器の構成を示す回路ブロック図である。図1において、この直流遮断器は、直流送電系統の線路1に設けられ、機械式開閉器2、強制転流回路10、半導体スイッチ20、および制御装置30を備える。機械式開閉器2は、上流側線路1aと下流側線路1bの間に直列接続されたガス断路器3および真空遮断器4を含む。
実施の形態1では、真空遮断器4を非導通にして半導体スイッチ20に直流電流を転流させ、ガス断路器3を非導通にした後に半導体スイッチ20を非導通にして、直流遮断器を非導通にしている。
図5は、この発明の実施の形態3による直流遮断器の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図1と対比される図である。図5を参照して、この直流遮断器が図1の直流遮断器と異なる点は、真空遮断器4がガス遮断器4Aで置換され、半導体スイッチ20が半導体スイッチ20Aで置換され、強制転流回路10が除去されている点である。ガス遮断器4Aは、電極間にSF6ガス、窒素、アルゴン、空気、2酸化炭素などの絶縁消弧媒体を充満したものである。
図6は、この発明の実施の形態4による直流遮断器の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図1と対比される図である。図6を参照して、この直流遮断器が図1の直流遮断器と異なる点は、半導体スイッチ20が半導体スイッチ20Bで置換されている点である。
図8は、この発明の実施の形態5による直流遮断器の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図6と対比される図である。図8を参照して、この直流遮断器が図6の直流遮断器と異なる点は、強制転流回路10が強制転流回路10Aで置換されている点である。
図9は、この発明の実施の形態6による直流遮断器の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図8と対比される図である。図9を参照して、この直流遮断器が図8の直流遮断器と異なる点は、強制転流回路10Aが強制転流回路10Bで置換されている点である。
図10は、この発明の実施の形態7による直流遮断器の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図6と対比される図である。図10を参照して、この直流遮断器が図6の直流遮断器と異なる点は、避雷器25が追加されている点である。避雷器25は、半導体スイッチ20Bに並列接続され、半導体スイッチ20Bを非導通にして直流電流を遮断した後に、回路のエネルギーを吸収する。
図11は、この発明の実施の形態8による直流遮断器の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図10と対比される図である。図11を参照して、この直流遮断器が図10の直流遮断器と異なる点は、半導体スイッチ20Bが半導体スイッチ20Cで置換されている点である。
図12は、この発明の実施の形態9による直流遮断器の構成を示す回路ブロック図であって、図11と対比される図である。図12を参照して、この直流遮断器が図11の直流遮断器と異なる点は、可飽和リアクトル26が追加されている点である。可飽和リアクトル26は、真空遮断器4の下流側線路1b側の電極とスイッチ13の下流側線路1b側の端子との間に接続されている。
今回開示された実施の形態はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は上記した説明ではなくて請求の範囲によって示され、請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。
Claims (16)
- 直流電流を流す線路に設けられる機械式開閉器と、
前記機械式開閉器に並列接続された半導体スイッチとを備え、
前記機械式開閉器は直列接続された断路器および遮断器を含み、
通常は前記機械式開閉器に前記直流電流が流され、前記直流電流を遮断する場合は、前記機械式開閉器が非導通にされて前記直流電流が前記半導体スイッチに転流された後に前記半導体スイッチが非導通にされる、直流遮断器。 - 前記直流電流を遮断する場合は、前記遮断器が非導通にされて前記直流電流が前記半導体スイッチに転流された後に前記断路器および前記半導体スイッチが非導通にされる、請求項1に記載の直流遮断器。
- 前記遮断器の接点が乖離された後に前記断路器の接点が乖離される、請求項2に記載の直流遮断器。
- 前記遮断器の開極動作が開始された後に前記断路器の開極動作が開始される、請求項3に記載の直流遮断器。
- 前記遮断器および前記断路器の開極動作は同時に開始される、請求項3に記載の直流遮断器。
- 前記遮断器の極間耐電圧は前記断路器の極間耐電圧よりも低い、請求項1に記載の直流遮断器。
- さらに、前記直流電流を遮断する場合に前記直流電流と逆方向の電流を前記遮断器に流す強制転流回路を備える、請求項1に記載の直流遮断器。
- 前記強制転流回路は、
直列接続されたコンデンサおよびリアクトルを含む共振回路と、
充電動作時に前記コンデンサを充電させる充電器と、
前記遮断器を遮断させる遮断動作時に前記共振回路を前記遮断器に接続し、前記直流電流と逆方向の電流を前記コンデンサから前記リアクトルを介して前記遮断器に流すスイッチとを含む、請求項7に記載の直流遮断器。 - 前記強制転流回路は、
電池と、
前記電池と直列接続されたコンデンサおよびリアクトルを含む共振回路と、
前記遮断器を遮断させる遮断動作時に前記電池および前記共振回路を前記遮断器に接続し、前記直流電流と逆方向の電流を前記電池から前記コンデンサおよび前記リアクトルを介して前記遮断器に流すスイッチとを含む、請求項7に記載の直流遮断器。 - 前記強制転流回路は、さらに、前記遮断器を非導通にした後に前記直流電流と逆方向の電流を減衰させる抵抗素子を含む、請求項7に記載の直流遮断器。
- さらに、前記線路に設けられて前記遮断器と直列接続された可飽和リアクトルを備え、
前記強制転流回路は、前記直流電流を遮断する場合に前記直流電流と逆方向の電流を前記可飽和リアクトルを介して前記遮断器に流す、請求項7に記載の直流遮断器。 - 前記遮断器を非導通にした後に前記直流電流と逆方向の電流を前記断路器によって遮断する、請求項7に記載の直流遮断器。
- 前記半導体スイッチはトランジスタを含む、請求項1に記載の直流遮断器。
- 前記半導体スイッチは、直列接続された複数の前記トランジスタを含む、請求項13に記載の直流遮断器。
- 前記半導体スイッチは、さらに、前記トランジスタに逆並列に接続されたダイオードを含む、請求項13に記載の直流遮断器。
- さらに、前記半導体スイッチに並列接続され、前記半導体スイッチが非導通にされた後に電気エネルギーを吸収する避雷器を備える、請求項1に記載の直流遮断器。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201580051612.6A CN106716583B (zh) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-06-05 | 直流切断器 |
DK15844233.5T DK3200213T3 (da) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-06-05 | Jævnstrømsafbryder |
JP2016549981A JP6049957B2 (ja) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-06-05 | 直流遮断器 |
US15/513,858 US10910817B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-06-05 | DC circuit breaker |
EP15844233.5A EP3200213B1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-06-05 | Direct current circuit breaker |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014-196670 | 2014-09-26 | ||
JP2014196670 | 2014-09-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016047209A1 true WO2016047209A1 (ja) | 2016-03-31 |
Family
ID=55580750
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2015/066291 WO2016047209A1 (ja) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-06-05 | 直流遮断器 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10910817B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3200213B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6049957B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106716583B (ja) |
DK (1) | DK3200213T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016047209A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016152147A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | 株式会社 東芝 | 直流遮断装置 |
JP2016181383A (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-10-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 直流遮断装置 |
JP2016181382A (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-10-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 直流遮断装置および直流遮断方法 |
EP3654359A4 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2020-09-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | DC BREAKER |
JP2021111449A (ja) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-08-02 | 東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社 | 直流電流遮断装置 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105531893B (zh) * | 2013-12-11 | 2018-06-01 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 直流断路装置 |
US10184452B2 (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2019-01-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Wind power generation system and DC power transmission system |
KR101630093B1 (ko) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-06-13 | 주식회사 효성 | 고전압 dc 차단기 |
KR102615108B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-21 | 2023-12-15 | 한국전기연구원 | 진공 갭 스위치를 이용한 역전류 주입형 직류 전류 차단 장치 및 방법 |
CN110993403B (zh) * | 2017-07-24 | 2023-07-25 | 广州市金矢电子有限公司 | 直流灭弧电路及装置 |
WO2019117324A1 (ko) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-20 | 공주대학교 산학협력단 | 고전압직류용 복합형 회로차단기 |
EP3522196B1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-11-25 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Switching apparatus |
CN114128067A (zh) * | 2019-07-11 | 2022-03-01 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 直流配电盘 |
EP4068326B1 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2024-02-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Direct-current circuit breaker |
CN114788129A (zh) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-07-22 | 东芝三菱电机产业系统株式会社 | 电源装置 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54132776A (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1979-10-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Dc breaker |
JPS54149873A (en) * | 1978-05-18 | 1979-11-24 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Breaker |
JPS55126923A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-10-01 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Dc breaker |
JPS627738U (ja) * | 1985-06-29 | 1987-01-17 | ||
JPH10126961A (ja) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-05-15 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 限流装置 |
JP2000048686A (ja) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-18 | Hitachi Ltd | 転流式直流遮断器 |
US20120299393A1 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-11-29 | Abb Technology Ag | Device and method to break the current of a power transmission or distribution line and current limiting arrangement |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3868550A (en) * | 1973-02-16 | 1975-02-25 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Circuit breaker |
JPS5834525A (ja) | 1981-08-21 | 1983-03-01 | 株式会社東芝 | 直流開閉器 |
US4740858A (en) * | 1985-08-06 | 1988-04-26 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Zero-current arc-suppression dc circuit breaker |
JP3135338B2 (ja) * | 1992-02-21 | 2001-02-13 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 転流式直流遮断器 |
JPH07161264A (ja) | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-23 | Hitachi Ltd | 大電流遮断装置 |
DE19619437C2 (de) * | 1996-05-14 | 2003-01-16 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Schaltgerät |
JP2003317582A (ja) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 開閉装置 |
DE202009004198U1 (de) | 2009-03-25 | 2010-08-12 | Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh | Trennschalter zur galvanischen Gleichstromunterbrechung |
DE102011082568A1 (de) * | 2011-09-13 | 2013-03-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gleichspannungs-Leitungsschutzschalter |
US8891209B2 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | Abb Technology Ag | HVDC hybrid circuit breaker with snubber circuit |
CA2860171C (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2021-09-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hybrid dc circuit breaking device |
WO2013164875A1 (ja) * | 2012-05-01 | 2013-11-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 直流遮断器 |
DE102012217280A1 (de) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-03-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Trennanordnung für ein Hochspannungsgleichstromnetz |
WO2015011949A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-01-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 半導体スイッチ回路 |
KR101521545B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-07 | 2015-05-19 | 한국전기연구원 | 고압 직류 전류 차단 장치 및 방법 |
KR20150078491A (ko) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-08 | 주식회사 효성 | 고전압 dc 차단기 |
KR101550374B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-09-04 | 주식회사 효성 | 고전압 dc 차단기 |
CN103762547A (zh) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | 基于人工过零的模块式高压真空直流开断装置 |
-
2015
- 2015-06-05 WO PCT/JP2015/066291 patent/WO2016047209A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-06-05 EP EP15844233.5A patent/EP3200213B1/en active Active
- 2015-06-05 CN CN201580051612.6A patent/CN106716583B/zh active Active
- 2015-06-05 DK DK15844233.5T patent/DK3200213T3/da active
- 2015-06-05 JP JP2016549981A patent/JP6049957B2/ja active Active
- 2015-06-05 US US15/513,858 patent/US10910817B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54132776A (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1979-10-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Dc breaker |
JPS54149873A (en) * | 1978-05-18 | 1979-11-24 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Breaker |
JPS55126923A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-10-01 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Dc breaker |
JPS627738U (ja) * | 1985-06-29 | 1987-01-17 | ||
JPH10126961A (ja) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-05-15 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 限流装置 |
JP2000048686A (ja) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-18 | Hitachi Ltd | 転流式直流遮断器 |
US20120299393A1 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-11-29 | Abb Technology Ag | Device and method to break the current of a power transmission or distribution line and current limiting arrangement |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3200213A4 * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016152147A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | 株式会社 東芝 | 直流遮断装置 |
JP2016181383A (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-10-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 直流遮断装置 |
JP2016181382A (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-10-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 直流遮断装置および直流遮断方法 |
EP3654359A4 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2020-09-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | DC BREAKER |
US11367585B2 (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2022-06-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Direct-current circuit breaker |
EP4160641A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2023-04-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Direct-current circuit breaker |
EP4160640A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2023-04-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Direct-current circuit breaker |
JP2021111449A (ja) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-08-02 | 東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社 | 直流電流遮断装置 |
JP7242575B2 (ja) | 2020-01-06 | 2023-03-20 | 東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社 | 直流電流遮断装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK3200213T3 (da) | 2020-08-24 |
JPWO2016047209A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
CN106716583A (zh) | 2017-05-24 |
JP6049957B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 |
US10910817B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 |
EP3200213A4 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
EP3200213B1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
EP3200213A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
CN106716583B (zh) | 2019-11-22 |
US20170288388A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6049957B2 (ja) | 直流遮断器 | |
KR101521545B1 (ko) | 고압 직류 전류 차단 장치 및 방법 | |
EP3091626B1 (en) | High-voltage dc circuit breaker | |
EP2489053B1 (en) | A hybrid circuit breaker | |
JP6049913B2 (ja) | 直流遮断器 | |
KR101630093B1 (ko) | 고전압 dc 차단기 | |
US9948089B2 (en) | DC circuit breaker device | |
JP6042035B2 (ja) | 直流遮断装置 | |
KR101652937B1 (ko) | Dc 차단기 | |
JP2008270171A (ja) | 限流遮断器 | |
KR101766229B1 (ko) | 갭 스위치를 이용한 고압 직류 차단 장치 및 방법 | |
EP3803929A1 (en) | High voltage direct current (hvdc) circuit breaker | |
KR20160080015A (ko) | Dc 차단기 | |
JPWO2019202703A1 (ja) | 直流遮断器 | |
CN114467161B (zh) | 直流断路器 | |
DK2885801T3 (en) | Separation device for a High Voltage Direct Current | |
JP6386955B2 (ja) | 直流遮断装置および直流遮断方法 | |
JP6448431B2 (ja) | 直流遮断装置 | |
KR20000060552A (ko) | 직류 대전류 차단장치 | |
WO2016199407A1 (ja) | 直流遮断装置、直流遮断方法 | |
KR20180072335A (ko) | 진공 갭 스위치를 이용한 역전류 주입형 직류 전류 차단 장치 및 방법 | |
CN117877904A (zh) | 用于对电池的触点进行开关的开关装置和方法 | |
CN115938835A (zh) | 一种基于电力电子技术的双电源开关灭弧电路 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15844233 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016549981 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2015844233 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2015844233 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15513858 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |