WO2016042613A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置及び空気調和装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置及び空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016042613A1 WO2016042613A1 PCT/JP2014/074511 JP2014074511W WO2016042613A1 WO 2016042613 A1 WO2016042613 A1 WO 2016042613A1 JP 2014074511 W JP2014074511 W JP 2014074511W WO 2016042613 A1 WO2016042613 A1 WO 2016042613A1
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- defrosting operation
- heat exchanger
- temperature
- refrigerant
- compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
- F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
- F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2347/00—Details for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion
- F25B2347/02—Details of defrosting cycles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2347/00—Details for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion
- F25B2347/02—Details of defrosting cycles
- F25B2347/021—Alternate defrosting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
- F25B39/022—Evaporators with plate-like or laminated elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/06—Removing frost
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus and an air conditioner.
- the outdoor heat exchanger mounted on the outdoor unit functions as an evaporator, so that frost may be formed in the outdoor heat exchanger.
- frost may be formed in the outdoor heat exchanger.
- a hot gas defrosting operation in which hot gas refrigerant discharged from a compressor is supplied to an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger mounted in an indoor unit, The thing etc. which implement reverse reverse defrost operation which melts the frost of an outdoor heat exchanger using heat are proposed (for example, refer to patent documents 1 and patent documents 2).
- the hot gas discharged from the compressor is directly supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger without using the heat of the indoor heat exchanger. For this reason, when the heating operation is started after the defrosting operation, the heat of the heating operation performed before the defrosting operation is appropriately left in the indoor heat exchanger. For this reason, in hot gas defrosting operation, it can control that time required for the start-up of heating operation becomes long.
- the hot gas defrosting operation is carried out independently or the reverse defrosting operation is carried out independently, the defrosting time increases or the time required for the heating operation to start up becomes long. There is a problem of being frustrated.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a refrigeration cycle apparatus and an air conditioner that can achieve both suppression of increase in defrosting time and suppression of increase in rise time of heating operation.
- the purpose is to provide.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a throttling device, and an outdoor heat exchanger, and detects an outside air temperature in a refrigeration cycle apparatus having a refrigerant circuit connected by refrigerant piping. And a control device that performs a defrosting operation based on the detection result of the outside temperature sensor, and the control device is discharged from the compressor without passing through the indoor heat exchanger. After performing the hot gas defrosting operation for supplying the hot gas to the outdoor heat exchanger, the reverse defrosting operation for continuously supplying the refrigerant having passed through the indoor heat exchanger from the compressor to the outdoor heat exchanger is performed. At least a mixed defrosting operation mode is provided, and the mixed defrosting operation mode is performed when the detection result of the outside air temperature sensor satisfies a preset condition.
- the mode of the defrosting operation can be selected according to the load of the defrosting operation corresponding to the outside air temperature, and the hot gas defrosting operation was performed.
- a mixed defrosting operation mode that is continuously performed is provided later.
- the outdoor heat exchanger can be defrosted to some extent by hot gas defrosting operation, and then the remaining frost can be removed by hot gas defrosting with high capacity. For this reason, both suppression of the increase in defrosting time and suppression of the increase in the rise time of heating operation can be aimed at.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of fins 25A included in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a heat transfer tube 25B included in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a refrigerant circuit configuration and the like of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment.
- a refrigerant circuit configuration and the like of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes an outdoor unit 100 that is a heat source unit and an indoor unit 101 that is a use side unit.
- the outdoor unit 100 and the indoor unit 101 are connected via a refrigerant pipe P4 and a refrigerant pipe P5.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a compressor 1 that compresses and discharges a refrigerant, a flow path switching device 2 that switches a refrigerant flow path, an outdoor heat exchanger 3 that is a heat source-side heat exchanger, and a throttle that depressurizes the refrigerant. It has the apparatus 4 and the indoor heat exchanger 5 which is a heat exchanger of a utilization side.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes an outdoor fan 3 ⁇ / b> A attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and an indoor fan 5 ⁇ / b> A attached to the indoor heat exchanger 5.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a refrigerant pipe P1 that connects the discharge side of the compressor 1 and the flow path switching apparatus 2, a refrigerant pipe P2 that connects the flow path switching apparatus 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and outdoor heat exchange.
- coolant piping P6 which connects the flow-path switching apparatus 2 and the suction side of the compressor 1 are provided.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a bypass pipe PB connected so as to bypass the expansion device 4 and the indoor heat exchanger 5, and a switching device 10 provided in the bypass pipe PB.
- the bypass pipe PB has one end connected to the refrigerant pipe P1 and the other end connected to the refrigerant pipe P3.
- the opening / closing device 10 can be constituted by, for example, an opening / closing valve.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes an outdoor air temperature sensor 30 that is used to detect an outdoor air temperature, a compressor temperature sensor 31 that is used to detect the temperature of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1, and outdoor heat exchange.
- the bypass pipe temperature sensor 33 used for detecting the temperature of the bypass pipe PB, and the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 5 are detected.
- an indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 34 which is used for this purpose.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a control device 70 that controls the rotational speed of the compressor 1 based on the detection result of the above-described sensor.
- the control device 70 includes a hot gas defrosting operation mode, a reverse defrosting operation mode, and a mixed defrosting operation mode, which will be described later, as operation modes, and can select these based on the outside air temperature.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a compressor 1, a flow path switching device 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an expansion device 4, an indoor heat exchanger 5, and an opening / closing device 10, which are refrigerant pipes P1 to P6 and
- the refrigerant circuit C is configured to be connected by a bypass pipe PB.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the outdoor unit 100 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment in a state where a part of the housing is removed and the inner structure can be seen.
- 2A is a schematic view of the outdoor unit 100 as viewed from the front side
- FIG. 2B is a schematic view of the outdoor unit 100 as viewed from the side where the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is provided
- 2C is a schematic view of the outdoor unit 100 viewed from the side where the compressor 1 is provided
- FIG. 2D is a schematic view of the outdoor unit 100 viewed from the bottom side. The configuration and the like of the outdoor unit 100 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the outdoor unit 100 includes a compressor 1, a flow path switching device 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, a throttle device 4, an opening / closing device 10, an outdoor fan 3A, an outdoor air temperature sensor 30, a compressor temperature sensor 31, a bypass pipe temperature sensor 33, and the like.
- the housing 110 is mounted.
- the housing 110 has a fan grill (not shown) and the like, and faces the front panel 110A having a L-shaped horizontal sectional view, a side panel 110B disposed on the compressor 1 side, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- a rear panel 110C provided in this manner, and a front panel 110A, a side panel 110B, and a top panel 110D disposed on top of the rear panel 110C.
- the casing 110 has a base plate 111 on which the front panel 110A, the side panel 110B, and the rear panel 110C are attached to the periphery, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the compressor 21 are placed on the periphery.
- the base plate 111 is provided with a drain hole 111A through which drain water dropped from the outdoor heat exchanger 3 or the like is discharged.
- the outdoor unit 100 is provided with a motor support 112 whose upper part is hung on the outdoor heat exchanger 3, whose lower part is fixed to the base plate 11, and to which the outdoor fan 3A is attached.
- the outdoor unit 100 partitions a heat exchanger chamber in which the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the outdoor fan 3A are installed, and a compressor chamber in which the compressor 1, the flow path switching device 2, the expansion device 4, and the like are installed.
- a partition plate 114 is provided.
- FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram of the fins 25A included in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram of the heat transfer tube 25B included in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 shown in FIGS. 4A illustrates one of the plurality of fins 25A included in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and
- FIG. 4B illustrates one of the heat transfer tubes 25B included in the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- the plurality of heat transfer tubes 25B are welded together with, for example, U-shaped tubes. The configuration and the like of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is connected to the refrigerant pipe P2 and the refrigerant pipe P3, and includes a heat transfer tube 25B made of aluminum and a plurality of fins 25A connected to the heat transfer tube 25B.
- the heat transfer tube 25 ⁇ / b> B is made of aluminum and has advantages such as lower manufacturing costs than the case of being made of copper or the like.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is configured such that the heat capacity of the plurality of fins 25A is 50% or less with respect to the total heat capacity of the heat capacity of the heat transfer tubes 25B and the heat capacity of the plurality of fins 25A. Since the heat transfer tube 25B is made of aluminum, the pipe is thickened so as to be equal to or less than the above numerical value. This will be described in detail below.
- Factors for increasing the total heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 include, for example, (1) increasing the number of heat transfer tubes 25B and (2) increasing the number of heat transfer tubes 25B when the number and material of the fins 25A are not changed. And (3) changing the material of the heat transfer tube 25B to one having a large heat capacity.
- aluminum is adopted as the material of (3), and for convenience of explanation, (1) the numerical value is also fixed for the number of the heat transfer tubes 25B, and (2) the thickness of the heat transfer tubes 25B. Change the value of.
- the heat transfer tube 25B is made of aluminum. For this reason, compared with copper etc., it is inferior in pressure resistance etc. compared with the same thickness conditions. For this reason, the heat transfer tube 25B is thickened.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is configured such that the heat capacity of the plurality of fins 25A is 50% or less of the total heat capacity of the heat capacity of the heat transfer pipe 25B and the heat capacity of the plurality of fins 25A.
- the wall thickness is set.
- the heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 was examined here using the thickness of the heat transfer tube 25B as a parameter, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the thickness of the heat transfer tube 25B increases, the weight of the heat transfer tube 25B increases accordingly.
- the total heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 increases accordingly.
- the heat capacity of the plurality of fins 25A is 50% or less of the total heat capacity of the heat capacity of the heat transfer tubes 25B and the heat capacity of the plurality of fins 25A. It can also be said that the total weight of the heat pipe 25B is set.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the heat capacity occupied by the fins 25A to the total heat capacity of the heat capacity of the fins 25A and the heat capacity of the heat transfer tubes 25B and the room temperature during the reverse defrosting operation.
- the horizontal axis corresponds to the ratio of the plurality of fins 25 ⁇ / b> A of the outdoor heat exchanger 3
- the vertical axis corresponds to the room temperature.
- the heat capacity of the plurality of fins 25A is larger than 50% of the total heat capacity of the heat capacity of the heat transfer tube 25B and the heat capacity of the plurality of fins 25A, the condition that the heat transfer tube 25B is not so thickened The total heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is suppressed. For this reason, when the reverse defrosting operation is performed using the indoor unit 101 as a heat collection source, the amount of heat supplied from the indoor heat exchanger 5 of the indoor unit 101 to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is reduced. For this reason, the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 5 of the indoor unit 101 is high.
- the heat transfer tube 25B It is the condition which is thickening about. Under this condition, the total heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is increased by the thickening. For this reason, when the reverse defrosting operation is performed using the indoor unit 101 as a heat collection source, the amount of heat supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 out of the heat on the indoor unit 101 side is increasing. For this reason, the temperature on the indoor unit 101 side is low. Therefore, when the heating operation is started after the reverse defrosting operation is completed, an extra time is required to start the heating operation.
- the heat transfer tube 25B is made of aluminum, and the total heat capacity is increased accordingly.
- the reverse defrosting operation is performed, the start-up of the heating operation is delayed.
- the mixed defrosting operation described below is performed when performing the defrosting operation.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an outside air temperature condition indicating which of a hot gas defrosting operation mode, a reverse defrosting operation mode, and a mixed defrosting operation mode in which these are continuously performed.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the refrigerant flow in the hot gas defrosting operation mode.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the refrigerant flow in the reverse defrosting operation mode.
- a hot gas defrosting operation mode, a reverse defrosting operation mode, a mixed defrosting operation mode, and the like will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the hot gas defrosting operation mode is an operation mode in which the hot gas defrosting operation is performed in which the hot gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 bypasses the indoor heat exchanger 5 and is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 3. .
- the control device 70 closes the expansion device 4 and opens the opening / closing device 10. Further, the control device 70 switches the flow path so that the flow path switching device 2 is on the cooling side.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is compressed after flowing through the refrigerant pipe P1, the bypass pipe PB, the refrigerant pipe P3, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant pipe P2, the flow path switching device 2, and the refrigerant pipe P6. Return to the suction side of the machine 1 (see FIG. 7).
- the control device 70 may operate or stop the outdoor fan 3A and the indoor fan 5A. If the indoor fan 5A is operated during the hot gas defrosting operation mode, the room can be heated with preheating remaining in the indoor heat exchanger 5. That is, there is an effect that heating can be performed even during the defrosting operation. In addition, when the outdoor fan 3A is operated in the hot gas defrosting operation mode, air can be supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and defrosting can be promoted in some cases.
- control device 70 may control the rotational speed of the compressor 1 to be, for example, the maximum rotational speed. Thereby, a higher temperature gas refrigerant can be supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the defrost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be implemented with high efficiency.
- the high pressure depends on the outside air temperature. That is, in the hot gas defrosting operation, the indoor unit 101 is not used as a heat collection source, and the higher the outside air temperature, the higher the defrosting capability. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the hot gas defrosting operation is performed independently under conditions higher than the second temperature. Also, the hot gas defrosting operation is performed under conditions higher than the first temperature and lower than the second temperature, but is performed together with the reverse defrosting operation. In the hot gas defrosting operation, if the Cv value of the valve of the switchgear 10 is fixed (the opening degree of the switchgear 10 is fixed), the low pressure during defrosting depends on the high pressure.
- the first temperature described above is, for example, 0 ° C.
- the second temperature is, for example, 2 ° C.
- the indoor unit 101 can be used as a heat collection source, the latent heat of the refrigerant can be used, and the defrosting capability is higher than that in the hot gas defrosting operation. For this reason, defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be completed in a short time.
- the heating operation is an operation mode in which a reverse defrosting operation is performed to reverse the refrigerant flow.
- the control device 70 opens the expansion device 4 and closes the opening / closing device 10. Further, the control device 70 switches the flow path so that the flow path switching device 2 is on the cooling side.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is the refrigerant pipe P1, the flow path switching device 2, the refrigerant pipe P2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant pipe P3, the expansion device 4, the refrigerant pipe P4, and the indoor heat exchanger 5. Then, the refrigerant pipe P5, the flow path switching device 2 and the refrigerant pipe P6 flow and return to the suction side of the compressor 1 (see FIG. 8).
- the control device 70 stops the outdoor fan 3A and the indoor fan 5A. If the indoor fan 5A is operated in the reverse defrosting operation mode, since the indoor heat exchanger 5 functions as an evaporator, cold air is supplied to the room, which may impair user comfort. Because there is sex. In the reverse defrosting operation mode, when the outdoor fan 3A is operated, a refrigerant bias (refrigerant distribution) occurs in the refrigerant circuit C, and is stopped to avoid this. That is, since the outdoor unit 100 side has excessive refrigerant and the efficiency of the reverse defrosting operation mode is lowered, the outdoor fan 3A is stopped. In reverse defrosting operation mode, it is assumed to be performed under conditions where the outside air temperature is low. Even if air with low temperature is applied, frost cannot be dissolved effectively and consumption This is because electric power also increases.
- a refrigerant bias refrigerant distribution
- control device 70 may control the rotational speed of the compressor 1 to be, for example, the maximum rotational speed. Thereby, a higher temperature gas refrigerant can be supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the defrost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be implemented with high efficiency.
- the indoor fan 5A of the indoor unit 101 is stopped, and the air is in natural convection, so the low pressure decreases.
- the indoor heat exchanger 5 of the indoor unit 101 may be around ⁇ 30 ° C. in some cases. For this reason, although the capability to remove frost is high, the start of heating operation is delayed. Further, in the reverse defrosting operation, as the defrosting progresses, the refrigerant flow rate in the refrigerant circuit C decreases, and the defrosting capacity decreases.
- the reverse defrosting operation is performed independently under the condition of the first temperature or lower. Further, the reverse defrosting operation is performed even under the condition that is higher than the first temperature and equal to or lower than the second temperature, but is continuously performed after the hot gas defrosting operation is performed.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes both the heat transfer tube 25B made of aluminum and suppresses both the start-up of the heating operation and the excessive time for defrosting even when the total heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is increased.
- a mixed defrosting operation mode is provided so that it can be performed.
- the control device 70 performs the mixed defrosting operation mode when the outside air temperature is higher than the first temperature and lower than or equal to the second temperature higher than the first temperature.
- the control device 70 When the control device 70 performs the mixed defrosting operation mode, first, the control device 70 performs the hot gas defrosting operation. After performing the hot gas defrosting operation, the reverse defrosting operation is continuously performed. Thereby, after defrosting a certain amount in the hot gas defrosting operation, the remaining frost is removed by reverse defrosting, both of the rise time of the heating operation and the time that defrosting takes too long Suppression can be achieved.
- the control device 70 determines that the detection result of the outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 32 is the third after the preset time has elapsed since the hot gas defrosting operation of the mixed defrosting operation was performed.
- the temperature is lower than the temperature
- the mixed defrosting operation reverse defrosting operation is performed.
- the third temperature may be set lower than the second temperature, and may be set to 0 ° C., for example, similarly to the first temperature.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of a control flow of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment. An example of the control flow in the mixed defrosting operation mode performed by the control device 70 will be described with reference to FIG.
- Step ST0 The control device 70 determines which defrosting operation mode to implement.
- the condition regarding whether or not to implement the defrosting operation mode can be, for example, a condition that a preset time has elapsed after the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 starts operation. Moreover, you may comprise the refrigerating-cycle apparatus 200 so that a user can start a defrost operation mode manually.
- step ST0 data indicating that the detection result of the outside air temperature sensor 30 is higher than the first temperature and lower than or equal to the second temperature is output to the control device 70. For this reason, the control apparatus 70 starts mixed defrost operation mode.
- Step ST1 The control device 70 starts the hot gas defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode.
- the control device 70 closes the expansion device 4 and opens the opening / closing device 10 without switching the flow path switching device 2.
- the control apparatus 70 sets the rotation speed of the compressor 1 to the maximum.
- the control device 70 operates the outdoor fan 3A and the indoor fan 5A.
- the case where the control device 70 maximizes the rotation speed of the compressor 1 and operates the outdoor fan 3A and the indoor fan 5A is described as an example.
- Step ST2 The control device 70 determines whether (1) a preset time has elapsed and (2) the detection result of the outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 32 is higher than 0 ° C.
- control device 70 ends the hot gas defrosting operation and proceeds to step ST3.
- Step ST3 The control device 70 starts the reverse defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode.
- the control device 70 switches the flow path switching device 2 to the cooling side, opens the expansion device 4, and closes the opening / closing device 10.
- the control apparatus 70 sets the rotation speed of the compressor 1 to the maximum.
- the control device 70 stops the outdoor fan 3A and the indoor fan 5A.
- the case where the control device 70 maximizes the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is described as an example.
- Step ST4 The controller 70 continues the hot gas defrosting operation because the condition of step ST2 is not satisfied. In addition, it returns to step ST2 after step ST4.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the control device 70 and the like. An example of the configuration of the control device 70 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the control device 70 includes a defrosting operation determination unit 70A that determines which defrosting operation mode to implement, a compressor control unit 70B that controls the compressor 1, and a flow that controls the flow path switching device 2.
- An outdoor fan control means 70G for controlling the time, a time measuring means 70H having a function for calculating the passage of time, and a power calculating means 70I for calculating the power supplied to the compressor 1.
- the defrosting operation determination means 70A can be constituted by various arithmetic circuits, for example.
- the compressor control means 70B, the indoor fan control means 70F, and the outdoor fan control means 70G can be comprised by an inverter circuit etc., for example.
- the expansion device 4 includes, for example, a magnetically sensitive electronic device having a magnet provided on the shaft of the valve body, a Hall element used to detect rotational displacement of the magnet, and a motor that rotates the valve body.
- a magnetically sensitive electronic device having a magnet provided on the shaft of the valve body, a Hall element used to detect rotational displacement of the magnet, and a motor that rotates the valve body.
- the flow path switching device control means 70C, the opening / closing device control means 70D, and the expansion device control means 70E can be constituted by, for example, a circuit that rotates the motor based on the signal of the Hall element.
- the flow path switching device 2 and the opening / closing device 10 are configured by, for example, an electromagnetic valve that operates a plunger by energizing a solenoid (coil).
- the flow path switching device control means 70C and the opening / closing device control means 70D can be configured by, for example, a circuit that can switch whether or not to energize the solenoid.
- time measuring means 70H can be constituted by a predetermined time measuring circuit, for example.
- the compressor 1 is provided with a motor current detection unit in a wiring connecting the inverter circuit and the motor of the compressor 1, for example.
- the power calculation means 70I can be configured by a circuit that calculates input power from the output voltage command value of the inverter circuit and the output current of the inverter circuit detected by the motor current detector.
- the defrosting operation determination unit 70A determines that one of the defrosting operation modes is to be performed, for example, when it is determined that a preset time has elapsed after the heating operation is started by the time measuring unit 70H.
- the defrosting operation determination unit 70A determines that the mixed defrosting operation mode is to be performed when the detection result of the outside air temperature sensor 30 is higher than the first temperature and equal to or lower than the second temperature.
- the defrosting operation determination unit 70A performs the reverse defrosting operation mode when the detection result of the outside air temperature sensor 30 is equal to or lower than the first temperature, and the hot gas defrosting operation when the detection result is higher than the second temperature. Determine that the mode is to be implemented.
- the mixed defrosting operation mode is performed as the defrosting operation mode
- the compressor control unit 70B maximizes the number of rotations of the compressor 1, for example, and the flow path switching device control unit 70C switches the flow path switching device 2.
- the opening / closing device control means 70D opens the opening / closing device 10, and the expansion device control means 70E closes the expansion device 4.
- the indoor fan control means 70F may operate the indoor fan 5A, or the outdoor fan control means 70G may operate the outdoor fan 3A. Good.
- the defrosting operation determining means 70A is the outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor. It is determined whether or not the detection result of 32 is a third temperature (for example, 0 ° C.) lower than the second temperature. When the defrosting operation determination unit 70A determines that the temperature is equal to or lower than the third temperature, the defrosting operation determination unit 70A shifts to the reverse defrosting operation.
- the compressor control unit 70B maximizes the rotational speed of the compressor 1, for example, and the flow path switching device control unit 70C cools the flow path switching device 2.
- the opening / closing device control means 70D closes the opening / closing device 10 and the expansion device control means 70E opens the expansion device 4.
- the indoor fan control means 70F stops the indoor fan 5A, and the outdoor fan control means 70G stops the outdoor fan 3A.
- the defrosting operation determining means 70A ends the mixed defrosting operation. To do. That is, the compressor control means 70B stops the compressor 1.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment can select the mode of the defrosting operation in accordance with the load of the defrosting operation corresponding to the outside air temperature.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment has the following three modes so as to be able to match the load of the defrosting operation corresponding to the outside air temperature.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a hot gas defrosting operation mode in which the hot gas defrosting operation is performed when the outside air temperature is higher than the second temperature.
- the hot gas defrosting operation has an advantage when the temperature is higher than the second temperature because the capacity depends on the outside air temperature.
- Refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a reverse defrosting operation mode in which a reverse defrosting operation is performed when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature.
- a reverse defrosting operation mode in which a reverse defrosting operation is performed when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than the first temperature.
- the hot gas defrosting operation may be insufficient. Therefore, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 can perform the reverse defrosting operation in this environment, and more reliably defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 3.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a mixed defrosting operation mode in which a mixed defrosting operation is performed when the outside air temperature is higher than the first temperature and lower than or equal to the second temperature.
- the condition that the outside air temperature is higher than the first temperature and equal to or lower than the second temperature may be insufficient for the defrosting capability of the hot gas defrosting alone.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment performs the mixed defrosting operation under this condition. Thereby, both suppression of the increase in defrosting time and suppression of the increase in the rise time of heating operation can be aimed at.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a heat transfer tube 25B made of aluminum, and the heat capacity of the fins 25A is 50% or less of the total heat capacity of the heat capacity of the heat transfer tubes 25B and the heat capacity of the fins 25A. It is comprised so that. Since the heat transfer tube 25B is made of aluminum, the manufacturing cost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be reduced. However, the total heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is increased by increasing the thickness of the heat transfer tube 25B. However, since the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment includes the mixed defrosting operation mode, even in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 configured as described above, the increase in the defrosting time is suppressed and the heating operation is started. It is possible to achieve both suppression of increase in time.
- Refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 can employ, for example, R1123 refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant of R1123 refrigerant and R32 refrigerant as the refrigerant enclosed in refrigerant circuit C.
- R1123 refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant of R1123 refrigerant and R32 refrigerant as the refrigerant enclosed in refrigerant circuit C.
- the refrigerant flow rate increases.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be defrosted more efficiently by the hot gas defrosting operation by employing the R1123 refrigerant having a higher density than the R32 refrigerant.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment can be applied to an air conditioner, for example.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 includes the heat transfer tube 25B that is a circular tube
- the embodiment is not limited thereto.
- a flat tube may be used.
- a flat tube can be made thin, but it tends to be thicker than a circular tube.
- a heat exchanger of the same size has a heat capacity of 1.7 times (approx. About twice when a header is added). That is, when not only the heat transfer tube 25B of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is made of aluminum but also a flat tube is employed, the tendency to increase the thickness becomes more remarkable, and the total heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is further increased.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 can perform the mixed defrosting operation, even if the tendency to thicken becomes more remarkable and the total heat capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 increases. It is possible to achieve both suppression of increase in defrosting time and suppression of increase in rise time of heating operation.
- the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is used as a condition for shifting from the hot gas defrosting operation to the reverse defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode, but is not limited thereto.
- the refrigerant temperature discharged from the compressor 1 may be used. That is, when the preset time has elapsed after performing the hot gas defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode, the control device 70 has a detection result of the compressor temperature sensor 31 lower than the fourth temperature.
- the reverse defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode may be performed.
- 4th temperature it is good to set higher than 2nd temperature, for example, 20 degreeC is employable.
- the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe PB may be used. That is, the control device 70 has a detection result of the bypass pipe temperature sensor 33 lower than the fifth temperature after a preset time has elapsed since the hot gas defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode has been performed.
- the reverse defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode may be performed.
- 5th temperature it is good to set higher than 2nd temperature, for example, 20 degreeC is employable.
- the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 5 may be used. That is, the control device 70 detects that the detection result of the indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 34 is equal to or higher than the sixth temperature after a preset time has elapsed since the hot gas defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode was performed. In some cases, the reverse defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode may be performed. In addition, as 6th temperature, it is good to set higher than 2nd temperature, for example, 30 degreeC is employable. If the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 5 is 30 ° C. or higher, it effectively functions as a heat collection source, and even if it is used as a heat collection source, it does not progress to that point and suppresses the rise of heating from being delayed. be able to.
- the control device 70 has power calculation means 70I for calculating the power supplied to the outdoor fan 3A, and after a preset time has elapsed since the hot gas defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode has been performed. When the power is lower than a preset value, the reverse defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode may be performed.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a rotation speed detection sensor that detects the rotation speed of the compressor 1 (not shown), and the control apparatus 70 performs the hot gas defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode. After the preset time has elapsed, the reverse defrosting operation in the mixed defrosting operation mode may be performed when the rotation speed is lower than a preset value.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置200の冷媒回路構成などについて模式的に示す図である。図1を参照して冷凍サイクル装置200の冷媒回路構成などについて説明する。
冷凍サイクル装置200は、熱源機である室外ユニット100と、利用側機である室内ユニット101とを有している。室外ユニット100と室内ユニット101とは冷媒配管P4及び冷媒配管P5を介して接続されている。
図4Aは、図1~図3に示す室外熱交換器3の有するフィン25Aの説明図である。図4Bは、図1~図3に示す室外熱交換器3の有する伝熱管25Bの説明図である。なお、図4Aでは室外熱交換器3が有する複数のフィン25Aのうちの一つを図示し、図4Bでは室外熱交換器3の有する伝熱管25Bのうちの一つを図示している。複数の伝熱管25B同士は、たとえばU字管などで溶接される。図4A及び図4Bを参照して室外熱交換器3の構成などについて説明する。
一方、室外熱交換器3は、伝熱管25Bの熱容量と複数のフィン25Aの熱容量とを合わせた総熱容量に対する、複数のフィン25Aの熱容量が50%以下となるように構成されている。伝熱管25Bをアルミニウムとしたため、上記数値以下となるように、配管の肉厚化を施している。これについて、詳しく次で説明する。
一方、複数のフィン25Aの熱容量が50%以下の場合においては、急激に室内ユニット101の室内熱交換器5の温度が低くなることがわかる。つまり、50%の数値、或いはその付近の数値が変曲点になっている。
図6は、ホットガス除霜運転モード、リバース除霜運転モード、及び、これらを連続的に実施する混合除霜運転モードのいずれを実施するか示した外気温度条件の説明図である。図7は、ホットガス除霜運転モード時における冷媒の流れについて示した図である。図8は、リバース除霜運転モード時における冷媒の流れについて示した図である。図6~図8を参照してホットガス除霜運転モード、リバース除霜運転モード、及び、混合除霜運転モードなどについて説明する。
ホットガス除霜運転モードでは、室内ユニット101を採熱源としない。つまり、ホットガス除霜運転モードでは、圧縮機1から吐出されるホットガス冷媒を室内熱交換器5をバイパスして室外熱交換器3に供給するホットガス除霜運転を実施する運転モードである。具体的には、制御装置70は、絞り装置4の閉じ、開閉装置10については開く。また、制御装置70は、流路切替装置2が冷房側になるように流路を切り替える。これにより、圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒は、冷媒配管P1、バイパス配管PB、冷媒配管P3、室外熱交換器3、冷媒配管P2、流路切替装置2及び冷媒配管P6を流れた後に、圧縮機1の吸入側に戻る(図7参照)。
リバース除霜運転モードでは、室内ユニット101を採熱源とし、冷媒の潜熱を利用することができ、ホットガス除霜運転よりも除霜能力が高い。このため、短時間で室外熱交換器3の除霜を完了することができる。リバース除霜運転モードでは、暖房運転時とは冷媒の流れを逆にするリバース除霜運転を実施する運転モードである。具体的には、制御装置70は、絞り装置4の開き、開閉装置10については閉じる。また、制御装置70は、流路切替装置2が冷房側になるように流路を切り替える。これにより、圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒は、冷媒配管P1、流路切替装置2、冷媒配管P2、室外熱交換器3、冷媒配管P3、絞り装置4、冷媒配管P4、室内熱交換器5、冷媒配管P5、流路切替装置2及び冷媒配管P6を流れて圧縮機1の吸入側に戻る(図8参照)。
リバース除霜運転モード時は、室外ファン3Aを運転すると、冷媒回路C中に冷媒の偏り(冷媒分布)が生じてしまうから、これを回避するために停止させる。つまり、室外ユニット100側が冷媒が過多になってしまい、リバース除霜運転モードの効率が低下してしまうため、室外ファン3Aを停止させる。また、リバース除霜運転モード時は、外気温度が低い条件下で実施することを想定した運転であり、温度の低い空気を当てても、霜を効果的に溶かすことができず、また、消費電力も増えてしまうからである。
冷凍サイクル装置200は、伝熱管25Bをアルミニウムで構成し、室外熱交換器3の総熱容量が増大している場合においても、暖房運転の立ち上がること及び除霜に時間がかかりすぎることの両方を抑制することができるように、混合除霜運転モードを備えている。制御装置70は、外気温度が第1の温度より高く、第1の温度よりも高い第2の温度以下である場合に混合除霜運転モードを実施する。
図9は、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置200の制御フローの一例を示す。図9を参照して制御装置70の実施する混合除霜運転モードの制御フローの一例について説明する。
制御装置70は、いずれの除霜運転モードを実施するか否かを判定する。除霜運転モードを実施するか否かについての条件は、たとえば、冷凍サイクル装置200が運転を開始してから、予め設定された時間が経過したかという条件を用いるこができる。また、ユーザーが手動で除霜運転モードを開始することができるように冷凍サイクル装置200を構成してもよい。
制御装置70は、混合除霜運転モードのホットガス除霜運転を開始する。制御装置70は、流路切替装置2を切り替えず、絞り装置4を閉じ、開閉装置10を開く。また、制御装置70は、圧縮機1の回転数を最大に設定する。制御装置70は、室外ファン3A及び室内ファン5Aを運転させる。なお、ここでは、制御装置70が圧縮機1の回転数を最大とし、室外ファン3A及び室内ファン5Aを運転させる場合を一例として説明している。
制御装置70は、(1)予め設定された時間が経過し、且つ、(2)室外熱交換器温度センサー32の検出結果が0℃より高いか否かを判定する。制御装置70は、予め設定された時間が経過し、且つ、室外熱交換器温度センサー32の検出結果が0℃より高いと判定すると、ホットガス除霜運転を終了し、ステップST3に進む。
制御装置70は、混合除霜運転モードのリバース除霜運転を開始する。制御装置70は、流路切替装置2を冷房側に切り替え、絞り装置4を開き、開閉装置10を閉じる。また、制御装置70は、圧縮機1の回転数を最大に設定する。制御装置70は、室外ファン3A及び室内ファン5Aを停止させる。なお、ここでは、制御装置70が圧縮機1の回転数を最大とした場合を一例として説明している。
制御装置70は、ステップST2の条件を満たさないため、ホットガス除霜運転を継続する。なお、ステップST4の後に、ステップST2に戻る。このように、ステップST4を経た後にステップST2に戻る場合には、(1)既に予め設定された時間が経過しているので、(2)室外熱交換器温度センサー32の検出結果が0℃より高いか否かだけを判定するようにしてもよい。あるいは、計時をクリアーにして、再度(1)予め設定された時間が経過し、且つ、(2)室外熱交換器温度センサー32の検出結果が0℃より高いか否かを判定するようにしてもよい。
図10は、制御装置70などの構成について説明するブロック図である。図10を参照して制御装置70の構成などの一例について説明する。
制御装置70は、いずれの除霜運転モードを実施するかについての判定をする除霜運転判定手段70Aと、圧縮機1を制御する圧縮機制御手段70Bと、流路切替装置2を制御する流路切替装置制御手段70Cと、開閉装置10を制御する開閉装置制御手段70Dと、絞り装置4を制御する絞り装置制御手段70Eと、室内ファン5Aを制御する室内ファン制御手段70Fと、室外ファン3Aを制御する室外ファン制御手段70Gと、時間の経過を算出する機能を有する計時手段70Hと、圧縮機1に供給される電力を算出する電力算出手段70Iとを有している。
本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置200は、外気温度に対応している除霜運転の負荷に合わせて、除霜運転のモードを選択することができるものである。具体的には、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置200は、外気温度に対応する除霜運転の負荷に合わせることができるように、次の3つのモードを備えている。
つまり、室外熱交換器3の伝熱管25Bをアルミニウムで構成するだけでなく、扁平管を採用すると、肉厚化の傾向がさらに顕著になり、室外熱交換器3の総熱容量がより増大する。しかし、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置200は、混合除霜運転を実施することができるので、肉厚化の傾向がさらに顕著になり、室外熱交換器3の総熱容量が増大しても、除霜時間の増大の抑制及び暖房運転の立ち上がり時間の増大の抑制の両立を図ることができる。
なお、本実施の形態では、混合除霜運転モードにおけるホットガス除霜運転からリバース除霜運転に移行する条件として、室外熱交換器3の温度を用いたが、それに限定されるものではなく、圧縮機1から吐出される冷媒温度を用いてもよい。
すなわち、制御装置70は、混合除霜運転モードのホットガス除霜運転を実施してから予め設定された時間が経過した後に、圧縮機温度センサー31の検出結果が第4の温度よりも低い場合に混合除霜運転モードのリバース除霜運転を実施するように構成されていてもよい。なお、第4の温度としては、第2の温度よりも高く設定するとよく、たとえば、20℃を採用することができる。
すなわち、制御装置70は、混合除霜運転モードのホットガス除霜運転を実施してから予め設定された時間が経過した後に、バイパス配管温度センサー33の検出結果が第5の温度よりも低い場合に混合除霜運転モードのリバース除霜運転を実施するように構成されていてもよい。なお、第5の温度としては、第2の温度よりも高く設定するとよく、たとえば、20℃を採用することができる。
すなわち、制御装置70は、混合除霜運転モードのホットガス除霜運転を実施してから予め設定された時間が経過した後に、室内熱交換器温度センサー34の検出結果が第6の温度以上である場合に混合除霜運転モードのリバース除霜運転を実施するように構成されていてもよい。なお、第6の温度としては、第2の温度よりも高く設定するとよく、たとえば、30℃を採用することができる。室内熱交換器5の温度が30℃以上であれば、採熱源として有効に機能するし、採熱源として用いられても、そこまで冷却が進行せず、暖房の立ち上がりが遅くなることを抑制することができる。
すなわち、制御装置70は、室外ファン3Aに供給する電力を算出する電力算出手段70Iを有し、混合除霜運転モードのホットガス除霜運転を実施してから予め設定された時間が経過した後に、電力が予め設定された値よりも低い場合に混合除霜運転モードのリバース除霜運転を実施するように構成されていてもよい。
あるいは、冷凍サイクル装置200は、図示省略の圧縮機1の回転数を検出する回転数検出センサーを備えており、制御装置70は、混合除霜運転モードのホットガス除霜運転を実施してから予め設定された時間が経過した後に、回転数が予め設定された値よりも低い場合に混合除霜運転モードのリバース除霜運転を実施するように構成されていてもよい。
Claims (7)
- 圧縮機、室内熱交換器、絞り装置及び室外熱交換器を有し、これらが冷媒配管で接続された冷媒回路を有する冷凍サイクル装置において、
外気温度を検出するのに利用される外気温度センサーと、
前記外気温度センサーの検出結果に基づいて、除霜運転を実施する制御装置と、
を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記室内熱交換器を介さずに前記圧縮機から吐出されたホットガスを前記室外熱交換器に供給するホットガス除霜運転を実施した後に、前記室内熱交換器を通った冷媒を前記圧縮機から前記室外熱交換器に供給するリバース除霜運転を連続して実施する混合除霜運転モードを少なくとも備え、
前記外気温度センサーの検出結果が予め設定された条件を満たす場合に前記混合除霜運転モードを実施する
冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記制御装置は、
前記外気温度センサーの検出結果が第1の温度よりも高く、前記第1の温度よりも高い第2の温度以下である場合に前記混合除霜運転モードを実施し、
前記外気温度センサーの検出結果が前記第1の温度以下の場合に前記リバース除霜運転を実施するリバース除霜運転モードと、
前記外気温度センサーの検出結果が前記第2の温度よりも高い場合に前記ホットガス除霜運転を実施するホットガス除霜運転モードとを備えている
請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記室外熱交換器の温度を検出する室外熱交換器温度センサーをさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記混合除霜運転モードの前記ホットガス除霜運転を実施してから予め設定された時間が経過した後に、前記室外熱交換器温度センサーの検出結果が前記第2の温度よりも低い第3の温度以下の場合に前記混合除霜運転モードの前記リバース除霜運転を実施するように構成されている
請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記圧縮機から吐出される冷媒温度を検出する圧縮機温度センサーをさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記混合除霜運転モードの前記ホットガス除霜運転を実施してから予め設定された時間が経過した後に、前記圧縮機温度センサーの検出結果が前記第2の温度よりも高い第4の温度よりも低い場合に前記混合除霜運転モードの前記リバース除霜運転を実施するように構成されている
請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記室外熱交換器に付設され、前記室外熱交換器に空気を供給する室外ファンと、
前記室内熱交換器に付設され、前記室内熱交換器に空気を供給する室内ファンとをさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記リバース除霜運転時には前記室外ファン及び前記室内ファンを停止するように構成されている
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記冷媒回路には、
R1123冷媒、又はR1123冷媒とR32冷媒との混合冷媒が封入されている
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 少なくとも圧縮機及び室外熱交換器が搭載された室外ユニットと、少なくとも室内熱交換器が搭載された室内ユニットとを有する請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置を備えた
空気調和装置。
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