WO2016019548A1 - 铁皮石斛多糖的制药用途 - Google Patents

铁皮石斛多糖的制药用途 Download PDF

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WO2016019548A1
WO2016019548A1 PCT/CN2014/083891 CN2014083891W WO2016019548A1 WO 2016019548 A1 WO2016019548 A1 WO 2016019548A1 CN 2014083891 W CN2014083891 W CN 2014083891W WO 2016019548 A1 WO2016019548 A1 WO 2016019548A1
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Prior art keywords
dendrobium candidum
polysaccharide
disease
group
chronic
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PCT/CN2014/083891
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张艳波
施祖荣
邓智伟
何重文
宋天河
刘静怡
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香港大学
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Priority to CN201480080923.0A priority Critical patent/CN106714816A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/083891 priority patent/WO2016019548A1/zh
Publication of WO2016019548A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016019548A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24BMANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/898Orchidaceae (Orchid family)
    • A61K36/8984Dendrobium

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  • the invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine, and relates to the use of a traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharide, in particular to the use of Dendrobium Dendrobis polysaccharide in relieving smoking-induced pulmonary inflammation. Background technique
  • Smoking is harmful to health. Reports indicate that China is the world's largest tobacco producer and consumer. The impact of smoking on the health of the people is particularly serious. China has more than 300 million smokers, and the proportion of Hong Kong smokers has reached 11.1%. Relevant medical research shows. Smoking is a behavioral hazard for many diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There is information to show that. The incidence of lung cancer in long-term smokers is 10 to 20 times higher than that of non-smokers. Studies have shown that smokers have a very high proportion of lung inflammation, and lung inflammation plays a major role in promoting the development of lung tumors.
  • Dendrob m ( c « /e is a seed plant, Orchidaceae, Dendrobium. Perennial near jade herb, flowering period from March to June. According to Chinese flora, Zhejiang province, Jixian, Tiantai, Xianju, but according to Zhejiang Flora did not see its specimens, only the Dendrobium Dendrobium. Wild has been difficult to collect. It is cultivated everywhere in Tiantai, Yiwu, Lin'an, Hangzhou and Wenzhou. It is suitable to collect plants cultivated by near-natural bionics. From September to October Collect whole grass, wash and dry. The whole herb is used as medicine, which has the functions of nourishing yin and nourishing the stomach and relieving heat and fluid.
  • the main functional chemical components are alkaloids, polysaccharides and amino acids.
  • Polysaccharide is a high molecular polymer obtained by linking 10 or more monosaccharides through a glycosidic bond, and contains a large number of polar groups such as hydroxyl groups in the molecule, which can reduce the rate of water loss by forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Thereby showing a certain moisture retention.
  • Dendrobium candidum is the main active ingredient of Dendrobium candidum. It has the function of promoting the growth inhibitory factor of lymphocytes in the immune system, which can effectively offset the lifting inhibition index caused by the addition of cyclophosphamide. Side effects. This indicates that Dendrobium candidum can improve the immune function of the body, and the Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide extract can be used for the preparation of a medicament for adjuvant treatment of diseases caused by low immunity. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention is based on the discovery that aquaporins (AQPs) are a transmembrane water channel that increases the water permeability of secreting cells and absorbing cell plasma membranes and plays an important role in water movement across cells and across the endothelium.
  • AQPs aquaporins
  • In vivo AQPs are mainly expressed in tissues that require rapid regulation of fluid transport, such as kidney, salivary gland, and lung tissue. The lack of individual AQPs can cause a variety of diseases.
  • Aquaporin 5 is an alveolar type, type 0 epithelial cell, tracheal and bronchial epithelium that is expressed in the lungs. Mammalian aquaporins, salivary glands, glandular epithelium of the lacrimal gland, and corneal epithelium are also expressed. AQP5 is also involved in the secretion of mucus in the respiratory tract. Mucus is mainly composed of water (95%), salt, lipids, proteins and glycoproteins.
  • Mucin 5AC is a secreted mucin expressed in goblet cells and mucinal submucosal cells. Therefore, MU C5AC is a marker of mucus secretion in the airway epithelium.
  • the present application found that SD rats were stimulated by cigarette smoke for 24 h, and their AQP5 protein levels decreased, while MU C5AC protein levels increased.
  • AQP5 expression is regulated by a variety of cytokines. Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide can promote the expression of aquaporin AQP5. AQP5 expression can act on EGFR/mucin signaling pathway, high expression of AQP5, inhibit EGRF activity, and thus down-regulate MUC5AC. Protein synthesis and secretion.
  • the present invention provides the use of Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of a disease associated with pulmonary inflammation.
  • Disease including but not limited to inflammatory lung disease, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, chronic trachea, vasculitis: emphysema, chronic obstructive airway disease, oral ulcers, mumps, chronic pharyngitis, etc.
  • the Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide is extracted from Dendrobium candidum and has a molecular weight of 50,000-100,000. Generally, the mass percentage of the polysaccharide in the Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide is 50% to 99%; preferably, 98%;
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing a disease associated with pulmonary inflammation, the pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • Diseases including but not limited to inflammatory lung disease, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, vasculitis, emphysema, chronic obstructive airway disease, chronic pharyngitis.
  • the polysaccharide of Dendrobium candidum has a molecular weight of 50,000-100,000.
  • the content of the Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide is not less than 20% by weight, and preferably, the content of the Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide is 30% by weight to 80% by weight.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can include glycerin, ethanol, buffered saline, physiological saline, and combinations thereof.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may further comprise a penetration enhancer, an antioxidant, and the like.
  • the inventors have found through extensive research that Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide can relieve lungs by improving lung damage caused by smoking and increasing the distribution of aquaporin 5 (AQP5), and decreasing the distribution of mucin 5AC (MUC 5AC ). The damage caused by exposure to tobacco.
  • the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition is an oral preparation, including an oral solid preparation, a semi-solid preparation, an oral liquid preparation; preferably, the oral liquid preparation is an oral liquid;
  • the Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide composition of the present invention can be prepared into an oral liquid or an oral preparation which has the characteristics of Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide, can be absorbed and metabolized by the patient's digestive system, satisfies the requirements for relieving and treating lung inflammation of the patient, and has no side effects.
  • the content of the Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide in the pharmaceutical composition is not less than 20% by weight, and the polysaccharide content is preferably from 30% by weight to 80% by weight.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating or preventing a disease associated with pulmonary inflammation, the method comprising administering to a patient a therapeutically effective amount of Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide.
  • the patient is a mammal, preferably the patient is a human or a rat.
  • the disease associated with pulmonary inflammation is pulmonary inflammation or other related diseases caused by smoking, including but not limited to inflammatory lung disease, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, vasculitis, emphysema, chronic obstruction Tracheal disease, chronic pharyngitis.
  • the invention has the following advantages:
  • the inventors of the present application found that by treating the rats exposed to cigarette smoke by using Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide, it is possible to improve lung damage caused by exposure to cigarette smoke in rats, and to make aquaporin 5 (AQP5) in rats.
  • the distribution of mucin 5AC (MUC 5AC ) is reduced, thereby alleviating the damage caused by exposure of the lungs to tobacco, thereby providing a drug for treating lung inflammation in smoking patients.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart for extracting polysaccharides from Dendrobium candidum from Dendrobium candidum;
  • 2 is a rat model treated with Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide, wherein the rat model is exposed to cigarette smoke, and A: a control group; B is a control model group exposed to cigarette smoke; Group C is treated at a dose of 50 mg/kg ; Group D treatment dose is 100mg / kg; Group E treatment dose is 200mg / kg strig
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E staining) in the lungs of rats; the developmental penetration and trend of pulmonary fibrosis in the rat model can be observed from the figure, and the photomicrograph shows the treatment with PDO Lung injury was improved in the group; among them, A was the control group; B was the control model group exposed to cigarette smoke; Group C was treated with 50 mg/kg; Group D was treated with 100 mg/kg; Group E was treated with 200 mg. /kg; The photo multiple is 10x40.
  • H&E staining hematoxylin-eosin staining
  • Figure 4 is the expression of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) in rats detected by Western blot; wherein AQP5 in rats treated with high doses of PDO compared to the control model group exposed to cigarette smoke The distribution has increased. Data from three independent experiments were expressed as mean ⁇ SEM by one-way analysis of variance; *p ⁇ 0.05. Among them, A is the control group; B is the control model group exposed to cigarette smoke; Group C treatment dose is 50 mg/kg; Group D treatment dose is 100 mg/kg; Group E treatment dose is 200 mg/kg.
  • A is the control group
  • B is the control model group exposed to cigarette smoke
  • Group C treatment dose is 50 mg/kg
  • Group D treatment dose is 100 mg/kg
  • Group E treatment dose is 200 mg/kg.
  • Figure 5 is an immunoblot of mucin 5AC expression in rats, which is a protein that stimulates sputum formation, from a control group, a control model group exposed to cigarette smoke, and a model group treated with PDO; It is known that the distribution of MUC 5AC is reduced in rats after high doses of PDO treatment compared to the control model group exposed to cigarette smoke.
  • A is the control group
  • B is the control model group exposed to cigarette smoke
  • Group C treatment dose is 50 mg/kg
  • Group D treatment dose is 100 mg/kg
  • Group E treatment dose is 200 mg/kg.
  • the rat breed used in the following examples was SD rat (Rattus norvegicus) purchased from the Laboratory Animal Unit, the University of Hong Kong.
  • Dendrobium candidum used in the following examples was purchased from Zhejiang, China, and was dried stalk.
  • enzymes used in the following examples such as restriction enzymes, amplification enzymes, reverse transcriptase, etc., were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., USA.
  • the dried stem of Dendrobium candidum used in this example (batch number: D020080112-18) is from Zhejiang City, China, and its nature is certified by the pharmacy expert (China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing).
  • the extreme extraction limit extraction with hot (80-100 °C) distilled water means that the remaining polysaccharide content of Dendrobium is less than 10% of the polysaccharide content measured before extraction.
  • the weight ratio of Dendrobium candidum to water is 1: 20-50; obtaining a crude extract;
  • the above method is expected to produce about 20%.
  • the resulting precipitate can also be purified on an anion exchange column, such as DEAEZ-cellulose, followed by gel filtration.
  • Reversed-phase column (Xbridge C 18, 5 ⁇ m, 250 mm ⁇ 4.6 mm id, Thermo, USA)
  • an aqueous solution of PDO was orally administered to three groups of rats at a concentration of 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, and administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/ Kg; continuous administration for 14 days, 2 times a day (10 am and 6 pm).
  • Example 3 Rat lung hematoxylin "Red staining (H&E staining) The lungs of the rats treated in Example 2 were taken from the upper and lower lungs, 5 mm, cross-cut, and the thickness was 5 mm. It was fixed in 4% polyfurfural, and after 24 h, it was dehydrated with 30% sucrose for 24 h, then sectioned and HE stained.
  • Reagent A 0.5% eosin alcohol solution: Weigh Y 0.5g, add a small amount of distilled water, then add glacial acetic acid until the paste. After filtering with filter paper, the filter residue was baked in an oven and dissolved in 100 ml of 95% alcohol (i.e., industrial alcohol, also prepared with anhydrous ethanol).
  • 95% alcohol i.e., industrial alcohol, also prepared with anhydrous ethanol.
  • Hematoxylin dye solution (formed 300 ml, can be reduced or increased according to the ratio) Hematoxylin 0.6 g, absolute ethanol 10 ml, aluminum aluminum phosphate 15 g, distilled water 200 ml, sodium iodate 0.12 g, glacial acetic acid 12 Ml, glycerol 90 ml; Preparation method: Dissolve hematoxylin in anhydrous ethanol, dissolve potassium aluminum silicate in distilled water, dissolve and mix glycerin, and finally add glacial acetic acid and sodium iodate.
  • H-E dyeing evaluation criteria (1) The slice is complete, the thickness is 4-6 microns, the thickness is uniform, no wrinkles and no knife marks; (2) The dyed nucleoplasm is distinct, the red and blue are moderate, transparent and clean, and the seal is beautiful.
  • the H-E stained section is microscopically observed with EVOX XI Core, Digital Inverted Microscope (AMG).
  • A is a control
  • B is a control model group exposed to cigarette smoke
  • Group C is administered with a 5 mg/ml aqueous solution of PDO at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight
  • Group D is treated with a 10 mg/ml aqueous solution of PDO at 100 mg.
  • Group E was administered at a dose ratio of 200 mg/kg using a 20 mg/ml aqueous solution of PDO; photo multiples were 10 x 40.
  • Example 4 Protein Imprinting of AQP5
  • Tissue material Take the right lung tissue of the rat 20 ⁇ 5 ( ⁇ g;
  • Electrophoresis (concentrated glue 40mA, separation gel 100mA);
  • Electro-transfer film transfer film (100mA 2h);
  • Figure 4 is the expression of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) in rats detected by Western blot; wherein the distribution of AQP5 was increased in rats after treatment with high doses of PDO compared to the smoking model.
  • Data from three independent experiments are represented by one-way analysis of variance as mean ⁇ SEM; *p ⁇ 0.05 ⁇
  • test apparatus, equipment and procedures are the same as in Example 4.
  • Figure 5 is an immunoblot of mucin 5AC expression in rats, which is a protein that stimulates sputum formation, from a control group, a smoking model group, and a model group treated with PDO; it is known from the figure that it is related to the smoking model.
  • A is a control
  • B is a control model group exposed to cigarette smoke
  • Group C is administered with a 5 mg/ml aqueous solution of PDO at a dose of 50 mg/kg
  • Group D is treated with a 10 mg/ml aqueous solution of PDO.
  • the dose was administered at a ratio of 100 mg/kg body weight
  • Group E was administered at a weight ratio of 200 mg/kg using a 20 mg/ml aqueous solution of PDO.
  • the inventors of the present application have experimentally proved that the treatment of tobacco-treated rats by using Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide can improve lung damage caused by exposure to cigarette smoke in rats, and aquaporin 5 (AQP5) in rats.
  • the distribution of mucin 5AC (MUC 5AC ) is reduced, thereby alleviating the damage caused by exposure of the lungs to tobacco, thereby providing a drug for treating lung inflammation in smoking patients.

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Abstract

提供了铁皮石斛多糖在制备用于治疗或预防与肺部炎症相关的疾病的药物中的应用;所述药物的剂型为口服制剂,包括口服固体制剂、半固体制剂、口服液体制剂;优选地,所述口服液体制剂为口服液。本申请的发明人通过实验证明,通过使用铁皮石斛多糖处理烟草处理过的大鼠,可以改善大鼠由于暴露于香烟烟雾中引起的肺部损伤,并使大鼠中水通道蛋白5(AQP5)的分布增加,粘蛋白5AC(MUC 5AC)的分布减少,由此缓解肺部暴露于烟草中造成的损害,从而提供了一种用于治疗或预防吸烟患者的肺部炎症的药物。

Description

铁皮石斛多糖的制药用途 技术领域
本发明属于中药领域, 涉及一种中药多糖的用途, 尤其涉及铁皮石斛多 糖在緩解吸烟诱导的肺部炎症中的用途。 背景技术
吸烟有害健康, 报道表明, 中国是世界上最大的烟草生产国和消费国, 吸烟对人民群众健康的影响尤为严重, 我国的吸烟人群已逾 3亿, 而香港烟 民的比率达到 11.1%。 有关医学研究表明。 吸烟是心脑血管疾病、 癌症、 慢 性阻塞性肺病等多种疾病的行为危害因素。 有资料表明。 长期吸烟者的肺癌 发病率比不吸烟者高 10倍到 20倍, 有研究表明, 吸烟者中肺部炎症具有极 高比例, 而肺部炎症对促进肺部肿瘤的发生发展起主要作用。
k) 石^ Dendrob m ( c « /e为种子植物, 兰科, 石槲属。 多年生近 玉质草本, 花期 3〜6月。 据中国植物志产浙江东部鄞县、 天台、 仙居, 但据 浙江植物志没有见到其标本, 只表述铁皮石斛。 野生已很难采集。 现天台、 义乌、 临安、杭州、 温州各地均有栽培。 宜通过采集近自然仿生栽培的植株。 在 9〜10月采集全草, 洗净并凉干。 全草入药, 具滋阴养胃、 解热生津之功 效。 主要功能性化学成分有生物碱、 多糖、 氨基酸等。
多糖是由 10个以上的单糖通过糖苷键连接而成的高分子聚合物, 其分 子中含有大量的羟基等极性基团,可以通过与水分子形成氢键而减緩水分的 散失速率, 从而表现出一定的保湿性。
铁皮石斛多糖 ( Polysaccharide of Dendrobium officinale , PDO )是铁皮 石斛的主要有效成分, 具有促进免疫系统淋巴细胞产生移动抑制因子的作 用, 能够有效地抵消免疫抑制剂环磷酰胺加入所引起的提升移动抑制指数的 副作用。 这表明铁皮石斛能够提高机体的免疫功能, 该铁皮石斛多糖提取物 可用于制备辅助治疗免疫力低下引起的疾病的药物。 发明内容
因此, 本发明的目的是提供一种铁皮石斛多糖的新用途, 即本发明提供 了铁皮石斛多糖在预防或治疗由吸烟引起的肺部炎症中的用途。 本发明基于如下的发现, 水通道蛋白 ( AQPs )是一种跨膜水通道, 可 以增加分泌细胞和吸收细胞血浆膜的水通透性,在跨细胞和跨内皮的水运动 中起重要作用。体内 AQPs 主要在需要快速调节液体转运的组织如腎脏、唾 液腺和肺组织中表达, 个体 AQPs的缺乏可以引起多种疾病。 目前的研究表 明, 水通道蛋白在肺脏正常功能的维持中发挥着重要的作用, 水通道蛋白 5 ( AQP5 )是一种表达在肺脏的肺泡] ^型、 0型上皮细胞、 气管和支气管上 皮的哺乳动物水通道蛋白, 唾液腺、 泪腺的腺上皮和角膜上皮上也有表达。 AQP5还参与了呼吸道黏液的分泌。 黏液主要是由水(95% )、 盐、 脂质、 蛋 白质和糖蛋白组成。 不正常的黏液高分泌可以促使细菌黏附、 破环纤毛的功 能从而阻止细菌的清除, 常常导致慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstruct ive pulmonary disease, COPD)。 黏蛋白 5AC ( MUC 5AC )是一种分泌型的黏蛋 白, 在杯状细胞和黏液性黏膜下腺体细胞中表达。 因此, MU C5AC是气道 上皮的黏液分泌的标志。 本申请发现, SD大鼠在受香烟烟雾刺激 24 h后, 其 AQP5蛋白水平下降, 而 MU C5AC蛋白水平升高。 这是因为大鼠肺部受 到香烟烟雾刺激后, 上皮细胞 AQP5 的下降可能促使细胞水转运受到影响, 从而影响其黏蛋白基因的表达, 黏蛋白分泌增高, 这也就表明香烟烟雾成分 可以直接刺激 MUC 5 AC的表达增高。
AQP5表达受到多种细胞因子等的调控,铁皮石斛多糖可通过促进 水通道蛋白 AQP5 的表达, AQP5 的表达可以作用于 EGFR/mucin信号通路, AQP5的高表达, 抑制了 EGRF的活性, 从而下调 MUC5AC蛋白的合成和 分泌。
使用铁皮石斛多糖处理暴露于香烟烟雾中的大鼠, 可以改善大鼠由于香 烟烟雾引起的肺部损伤, 并使该大鼠中水通道蛋白 5 ( AQP5 ) 的含量增加, 粘蛋白 5AC ( MUC 5 AC ) 的分布减少, 由此緩解肺部暴露于烟草中造成的 损害。
一方面,本发明提供铁皮石斛多糖在制备用于治疗或预防与肺部炎症相 关的疾病的药物中的应用。 病, ^括但不限于炎症性肺病、、 支气管哮喘、 肺炎、、 慢性气管 、脉管炎: 肺气肿、 慢性阻塞气管疾病、 口腔溃疡、 腮腺炎、 慢性咽炎等。
其中, 所述铁皮石斛多糖从铁皮石斛中提取, 其分子量为 5-10万。 一 般说来, 所述铁皮石斛多糖中多糖的质量百分比为 50%〜99%; 优选地, 为 98%;
另一方面, 本发明提供了一种用于治疗或预防与肺部炎症相关的疾病的 药物组合物, 所述药物组合物包含治疗有效量的铁皮石斛多糖和药学上可接 受的载体。 病, 包括但不限于炎症性肺病、 支气管哮喘、 肺炎、 慢性气管炎、 脉管炎、 肺气肿、 慢性阻塞气管疾病、 慢性咽炎。
其中, 所述铁皮石斛多糖分子量为 5-10万。
其中,所述药物组合物中,铁皮石斛多糖的含量不低于 20wt%,优选地, 所述铁皮石斛多糖的含量为 30wt%〜80wt%。
所述药学上可接受的载体可以包括甘油、 乙醇、 緩冲盐水、 生理盐水及 其组合。 所述药物组合物还可以进一步包含渗透促进剂、 抗氧化剂等。
本发明人经过大量研究发现, 铁皮石斛多糖可以通过改善由于吸 烟引起的肺部损伤, 并使水通道蛋白 5 ( AQP5 ) 的分布增加, 粘蛋白 5AC ( MUC 5AC ) 的分布减少来由此緩解肺部暴露于烟草中造成的损害。
其中, 所述药物组合物的剂型为口服制剂, 包括口服固体制剂、 半固体 制剂、 口服液体制剂; 优选地, 所述口服液体制剂为口服液;
本发明的铁皮石斛多糖组合物可以制成口服液或者口服制剂, 其具有铁 皮石斛多糖的特性, 可以经患者的消化系统吸收, 代谢, 满足緩解和治疗患 者肺部炎症的要求, 并且无副作用。
优选地,所述药物组合物中铁皮石斛多糖的含量不低于 20wt%, 多糖含量优先为 30wt%〜80wt%。
再一方面, 本发明提供一种治疗或预防与肺部炎症相关的疾病的方法, 所述方法包括向患者给予治疗有效量的铁皮石斛多糖。 所述患者为哺乳动 物, 优选地, 所述患者为人或大鼠。 其中, 所述与肺部炎症相关的疾病为吸 烟引起的肺部炎症或其它相关疾病,包括但不限于炎症性肺病、支气管哮喘、 肺炎、 慢性气管炎、 脉管炎、 肺气肿、 慢性阻塞气管疾病、 慢性咽炎。
本发明与现有技术相比, 具有以下优点:
本申请的发明人发现,通过使用铁皮石斛多糖处理暴露于香烟烟雾中的 大鼠, 可以改善大鼠由于暴露于香烟烟雾中的引起的肺部损伤, 并使大鼠中 水通道蛋白 5 ( AQP5 )的分布增加, 粘蛋白 5AC ( MUC 5AC )的分布减少, 由此緩解肺部暴露于烟草中造成的损害,从而提供了一种用于治疗吸烟患者 的肺部炎症的药物。 附图的简要说明
图 1为从铁皮石斛中提取铁皮石斛多糖的流程图;
图 2为使用铁皮石斛多糖处理大鼠模型, 其中所述大鼠模型暴露于香 烟烟雾中, 并且 A: 对照组; B为暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组; C组 处理剂量为 50mg/kg; D 组处理剂量为 100mg/kg; E 组处理剂量为 200mg/kg„
图 3为大鼠肺部的苏木精一伊红染色 (H&E染色)的示意图; 从图中可 以观察到大鼠模型肺纤维化的发展渗透和趋势, 并且显微照片表明使用 PDO处理过的组中肺损伤得到改善; 其中, A为对照组; B为暴露于香烟 烟雾中的对照模型组; C 组处理剂量为 50mg/kg ; D 组处理剂量为 100mg/kg; E组处理剂量为 200mg/kg; 照片倍数为 10x40。
图 4为通过蛋白质印记检测的大鼠中的水通道蛋白 5( AQP5 )的表达; 其中, 与暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组相比, 在使用高剂量的 PDO处理 后的大鼠中 AQP5的分布增加。 三个独立试验的数据通过单向方差分析以 mean±SEM表示; *p < 0.05。 其中, A为对照组; B为暴露于香烟烟雾中 的对照模型组; C组处理剂量为 50mg/kg; D组处理剂量为 100mg/kg; E组处理剂量为 200mg/kg。
图 5为大鼠中粘蛋白 5AC表达的免疫印迹,所述粘蛋白为刺激痰形成 的蛋白, 来自对照组、 暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组和使用 PDO处理的 模型组; 从图中得知, 与暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组相比, 在高剂量 的 PDO处理后的大鼠中, MUC 5AC的分布减少。 其中, A为对照组; B 为暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组; C组处理剂量为 50mg/kg; D组处理 剂量为 100mg/kg; E组处理剂量为 200mg/kg。
实施发明的最佳方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明, 本发明的优点和特点将会 随着描述而更为清楚。
除非特别指明, 以下实施例中所用的大鼠品种为 SD 大鼠 (Rattus norvegicus ) , 购自香港大学实验动物中心 (Laboratory Animal Unit, the University of Hong Kong ) 。
除非特别指明, 以下实施例中所用的铁皮石斛购自中国浙江, 为干燥 石斛茎。 除非特别指明, 以下实施例中所用的酶如限制性内切酶、 扩增酶, 逆 转录酶等均购自美国圣克鲁斯生物技术公司。
除非特别指明, 以下实施例中所用的试剂均为分析纯级试剂, 且可从 正规渠道商购获得。 实施例 1从铁皮石斛中提取 石斛多糖
1. 铁皮石斛多糖的制备流程:
本实施例使用的铁皮石斛的干茎 (批号: D020080112-18 ) 来自中国浙 江, 其性质由药学系专家 (中国药科大学, 南京)认证。
1 )将铁皮石斛材料使用双蒸水冲洗;
2 )将洗净后的铁皮石斛干燥后, 磨成细小颗粒, 使用 100 目过筛后放 入提取罐中;
3 )在提取罐中, 使用丙酮 (80 % ) (体积)进行 24小时预提取, 随后 用曱醇处理 24小时灭活酶活性, 除去色素和低重量分子物质;
4 )用热 ( 80-100 °C )蒸馏水进行极限抽提 极限提取就是提取完成后剩 余的石斛多糖含量低于提取前所测得多糖含量的 10% )其中铁皮石斛粉 与水的重量比为 1: 20-50; 得到粗提取物;
5 )在粗体物中加入水, 与 15 % (体积)三氯乙酸混合去除蛋白质, 然后 冷室 (4°C )保存 1小时, 再 12,000g离心 1小时。
6 ) 将上清液用 4 倍体积乙醇分级沉淀, 使体系中乙醇体积分数达到 75%-90%, 混合物保存在 4°C过夜 8-12h, 以沉淀多糖。
7 )将得到的沉淀物使用乙醇洗涤, 离心收集沉淀( 10000 rpm, 30分钟 ) 。 重复 3次, 将获得冻干多糖 PDO。
上述方法预计产量约 20 %。得到的沉淀物也可以在阴离子交换柱上进行 纯化, 例如 DEAEZ-纤维素后进行凝胶过滤。
2. 铁皮石斛多糖的质量控制:
使用高效液相色谱分析离多糖组分;
反相色谱柱(Xbridge C 18, 5微米, 250毫米 χ4.6毫米的内径, Thermo , USA )
流动相条件: 乙腈( A )和 0.05 %十二烷基石 酸钠 ( SDS )在 0.1 %的乙 酸( Β )使用了 80-60 %的梯度。 ( Β )在第 5分钟, 60 %, ( Β )在 5-30 分钟, 60〜40 %, (Β )在最后 20分钟。 铁皮石斛多糖的质量控制, 用苯酚 -硫酸法确定铁皮石斛多糖(PDO )的 含量。
铁皮石斛多糖的安全性检测:
由香港厂商会检测鉴定中心对铁皮石斛多糖的安全进行检测, 常规重金 属, 细菌含量, 有机农药残留等都符合安全标准。 实施例 2动物糢型的处理
吸烟诱导肺部炎症动物模型建立: 40只 SD大鼠, 4周大小,体重 120g 左右, 随机分为五组: 正常对照组、 吸烟组和治疗组, 其中所述治疗组为 低, 中, 高 3个剂量给药治疗组, 每组 8只 SD大鼠。
a. 建立暴露于香烟烟雾中大鼠模型, 将 40只 SD大鼠分为五组, 其中 一组作为对照组, 在相同的饲喂条件下, 暴露于正常空气中; 其余四组作 为暴露于香烟烟雾中的大鼠模型, 暴露于香烟烟雾中, 其中每组使用 5支 烟, 以最佳烟 /空气比为 1/6的比例, 处理 30分钟。 每天重复四次, 每次 间隔 30分钟, 每周 5天, 共进行四周。
b. 之后, 向其中三组大鼠中口服给药 PDO水溶液, 溶液浓度分别为 5 mg/ml、 10 mg/ml、 20 mg/ml,给药剂量为 50mg/kg、 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg; 连续给药 14天, 每天给药 2次 (上午 10点和下午 6点各一次) 。
如图 2所示,其中 A为对照; B为暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组; C 组使用 5mg/ml的 PDO水溶液, 以 50mg/kg体重比的剂量给药; D组使用 lOmg/ml的 PDO水溶液,以 1 OOmg/kg体重比的剂量给药; E组使用 20mg/ml 的 PDO水溶液, 以 200mg/kg的体重比给药。 实施例 3大鼠肺部苏木精^"红染色 (H&E染色) 将实施例 2处理后的大鼠肺部, 各取左右肺上叶, 5毫米处, 横切, 厚度为 5毫米, 放在 4%多聚曱醛里固定, 24h后, 用 30%蔗糖脱水 24h, 然后进行切片, HE染色。
试剂 A: 0.5% 的伊红酒精溶液: 称取伊红 Y 0.5g, 加少量蒸馏水溶 解后, 再滴加冰醋酸直至浆糊状。 以滤纸过滤, 将滤渣在烘箱中烤干后, 以 95%酒精(即工业酒精, 用无水乙醇配制也可) 100毫升溶解。
B:苏木素染液配方:(配制 300 ml,可按比列减少或增加)苏木精 0.6 g、 无水乙醇 10 ml、 酸铝钾 15 g、 蒸馏水 200 ml、 碘酸钠 0.12 g、 冰醋酸 12 ml、 甘油 90 ml; 配制方法: 将苏木素溶于无水乙醇, 再将^ L酸铝钾溶于 蒸馏水, 溶解后将甘油倾入一起混合, 最后加入冰醋酸和碘酸钠。
C: 1%盐酸酒精分化液: 将 1毫升浓盐酸加入 99毫升 70%酒精中即 可。 H&E染色步骤:
( 1 )将 新鲜的大鼠肺部组织冰冻切片(LEICA CM 1850冷冻切片机), 冰冻切片大小 5μιη, 固定 10 ~ 30s;
(2) 水洗 5分钟;
(3) 苏木精液染色 5分钟;
(4) 流水洗去苏木精液至无色 5 ~ 10s;
( 5 ) 1%盐酸乙醇 ( 70%乙醇)分化 10 ~ 20s;
(6)稍水洗 1 ~2s;
( 7 ) 0.5%曙红液染色 30 ~ 60s;
(8) 蒸馏水稍洗 5分钟;
( 9 )梯度洗脱, 70%乙醇 5s;
(9)梯度洗脱, 80%乙醇 5s;
( 10) 90%乙醇 5s;
( 11 )无水乙醇 Is; ( 12)二曱苯( I ) 2~3s;
( 13)二曱苯 ( II ) 2~3s;
( 14) 中性树胶封固。
H-E染色评定标准: ( 1 )切片完整, 厚度 4-6微米, 厚薄均匀, 无 皱褶无刀痕; (2) 染色核浆分明, 红蓝适度, 透明洁净, 封裱美观。
待树胶略干后, 贴上标笺, 切片标本就可使用, H-E染色后的切片用 EVOX XI Core, Digital Inverted Microscope, AMG)进行显微观察。
结果见图 3,从图中可以观察到大鼠模型肺纤维化的发展渗透和趋势, 并且显微照片表明使用 PDO处理过的组中肺损伤得到改善;
其中 A为对照; B为暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组; C组使用 5mg/ml的 PDO水溶液,以 50mg/kg体重比的剂量给药; D组使用 10mg/ml 的 PDO水溶液,以 100mg/kg体重比的剂量给药; E组使用 20mg/ml的 PDO 水溶液, 以 200mg/kg的体重比给药; 照片倍数为 10x40。 实施例 4 AQP5的蛋白质印 ^测
4.1 试验仪器
高压锅、 玻璃勾浆器、 高速离心机、 分光光度仪、 -20°C低温冰箱、 垂 直板电泳转 移装置、恒温水浴摇床、多用脱色摇床, BIO-RAD Chemi DOC EQ system;
4.2 试验试剂
RIPA緩冲液、单去污剂裂解液、 0.01mol/L PBS (pH7.3)、 1.5M Tris-HCl 緩冲溶液 pH(8.8)、 0.5M Tris-HCl緩冲溶液 pH(6.8)、 10 %分离胶、 4 %浓 缩校、 G250考马斯亮蓝溶液、 0.15mol/L NaCl 溶液、 2X ( 5X ) SDS上样 緩冲液、 电泳緩冲液、 转移緩冲液、 封闭液( TBST-5%BSA ) 、 TBST、 TBS、 洗脱抗体緩冲液、 显影液(ECL ) 、 定影液、 抗体、 化学发光试剂。
4.3 试验操作步骤
1. 组织取材: 取大鼠的右肺部组织 20〜5(^g;
2. 加入 0.2ml RIPA緩冲液 (每克组织使用 3ml RIPA);
3. 匀浆器匀浆;
4. 4°C下, 约 13,000g离心 4分钟;
6. 取上清液, 为细胞裂解液, 可分装 -20°C保存;
7. 进行 Bradford比色法测定蛋白质浓度;
8. 取相同质量的细胞裂解液 (体积 *蛋白质浓度)进样;
9. 电泳 (;浓缩胶 40mA, 分离胶 100mA);
12. 电转膜仪转膜(100mA 2h);
13.立即把蛋白膜放置到预先准备好的 Western洗涤液中, 漂洗 1-2分 钟, 以洗去膜上的转膜液。 加入 Western封闭液( TBST-5%BSA ) , 在摇 床上緩慢摇动, 室温封闭 2h;
14. 一抗孵育: 加入稀释好的一抗 AQP5(H200) ( 1 :400 ) (体积) ; Beta-actin(C4) ( 1 :400 ) (体积) MUC 5AC(45M1), 在 4 °C緩慢摇动孵育 过夜。 回收一抗。 加入 Western洗涤液, 在侧摆摇床上緩慢摇动洗涤 5-10 分钟。 吸尽洗涤液后, 再加入洗涤液, 洗涤 5-10分钟。 共洗涤 3次。
15. 二抗孵育: 按照 1 :2000 (体积) 的比例用 Western二抗稀释液稀 释辣根过氧化物酶 (HRP)标记的二抗) 。 用吸尽洗涤液, 立即加入稀释好 的二抗, 室温或 4°C在侧摆摇床上緩慢摇动孵育一' _|、时。 回收二抗。 加入 Western洗涤液, 在侧摆摇床上緩慢摇动洗涤 5-10分钟。 吸尽洗涤液后, 再加入洗涤液, 洗涤 5-10分钟。 共洗涤 3次。 如果结果背景较高可以适当 延长洗涤时间并增加洗涤次数。
16: 使用 ECL试剂 (体积比 1 : 1 )在 BIO-RAD Chemi DOC EQ system 测定蛋白; 图 4为通过蛋白质印记检测的大鼠中的水通道蛋白 5( AQP5 )的表达; 其中, 与吸烟模型相比, 在使用高剂量的 PDO处理后的大鼠中 AQP5的 分布增加。 三个独立试验的数据通过单向方差分析以 mean±SEM表示; *p < 0.05 ο
其中, Α为对照; B为暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组; C组使用
5mg/ml的 PDO水溶液,以 50mg/kg体重比的剂量给药; D组使用 10mg/ml 的 PDO水溶液,以 100mg/kg体重比的剂量给药; E组使用 20mg/ml的 PDO 水溶液, 以 200mg/kg的体重比给药。 实施例 5 MUC 5AC的蛋白质印记检测
试验仪器, 器材和步骤同实施例 4。
图 5为大鼠中粘蛋白 5AC表达的免疫印迹,所述粘蛋白为刺激痰形成 的蛋白, 来自对照组、 吸烟模型组和使用 PDO处理的模型组; 从图中得 知, 与吸烟模型相比, 在高剂量的 PDO处理后的大鼠中, MUC 5AC的分 布减少。 其中, 其中 A为对照; B为暴露于香烟烟雾中的对照模型组; C 组使用 5mg/ml的 PDO水溶液, 以 50mg/kg体重比的剂量给药; D组使用 lOmg/ml的 PDO水溶液,以 1 OOmg/kg体重比的剂量给药; E组使用 20mg/ml 的 PDO水溶液, 以 200mg/kg的体重比给药。
本申请的发明人通过实验证明,通过使用铁皮石斛多糖处理烟草处理过 的大鼠, 可以改善大鼠由于暴露于香烟烟雾中引起的肺部损伤, 并使大鼠中 水通道蛋白 5 ( AQP5 )的分布增加, 粘蛋白 5AC ( MUC 5AC )的分布减少, 由此緩解肺部暴露于烟草中造成的损害,从而提供了一种用于治疗吸烟患者 的肺部炎症的药物。

Claims

EIC14310001P 权 利 要 求
1. 铁皮石斛多糖在制备用于治疗或预防与肺部炎症相关的疾病的药物 中的应用; 疾病; 优选地, 所述与肺部炎症相关的疾病选自炎症性肺病、 支气管哮喘、 肺炎、 慢性气管炎、 脉管炎、 肺气肿、 慢性阻塞气管疾病、 慢性咽炎;
优选地, 所述铁皮石斛多糖为铁皮石斛的提取物, 其分子量为 5-10万。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的应用, 其中, 所述药物还包含渗透促进剂、抗 氧化剂中的一种或多种。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的应用,其中, 所述药物还包含药学上可接受的 载体; 优选地, 所述药学上可接受的载体选自甘油、 乙醇、 緩冲盐水、 生理 盐水及其组合。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的应用, 其中, 所述药物为口服制剂, 包括口服 固体制剂、 半固体制剂、 口服液体制剂; 优选地, 所述口服液体制剂为口服 液。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的应用,其中, 所述药物中铁皮石斛多糖的含量 不低于 10wt%, 优选地, 所述药物中铁皮石斛多糖的含量为 30wt%〜80wt%。
6. 一种铁皮石斛多糖, 其用于治疗或预防与肺部炎症相关的疾病; 疾病; 更优选地,所述与肺部炎症相关的疾病选自炎症性肺病、支气管哮喘、 肺炎、 慢性气管炎、 脉管炎、 肺气肿、 慢性阻塞气管疾病、 慢性咽炎;
进一步优选地, 所述铁皮石斛多糖为铁皮石斛的提取物, 其分子量为 5-10万。
7. 一种治疗或预防与肺部炎症相关的疾病的方法,所述方法包括向患者 给予治疗有效量的铁皮石斛多糖。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其中, 所述患者为哺乳动物, 优选地, 所述患者为人或大鼠。
9. 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的方法,其中,所述与肺部炎症相关的疾病 为吸烟引起的肺部炎症或其它相关疾病, 包括但不限于炎症性肺病、 支气管 哮喘、 肺炎、 慢性气管炎、 脉管炎、 肺气肿、 慢性阻塞气管疾病、 慢性咽炎。
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