WO2016008201A1 - 一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机 - Google Patents

一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016008201A1
WO2016008201A1 PCT/CN2014/085810 CN2014085810W WO2016008201A1 WO 2016008201 A1 WO2016008201 A1 WO 2016008201A1 CN 2014085810 W CN2014085810 W CN 2014085810W WO 2016008201 A1 WO2016008201 A1 WO 2016008201A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
frame
rail
tread
flaw
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/085810
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马建群
王志全
饶昌勇
谭鹰
刘厚军
Original Assignee
北京新联铁科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京新联铁科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 北京新联铁科技股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020177004276A priority Critical patent/KR101955448B1/ko
Priority to BR112015020686-7A priority patent/BR112015020686B1/pt
Priority to SG11201506433UA priority patent/SG11201506433UA/en
Priority to US14/766,099 priority patent/US9645053B2/en
Priority to DE112014000788.9T priority patent/DE112014000788B4/de
Priority to RU2017104811A priority patent/RU2651934C1/ru
Publication of WO2016008201A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016008201A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
    • G01M17/10—Suspensions, axles or wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/225—Supports, positioning or alignment in moving situation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
    • G01N2291/2696—Wheels, Gears, Bearings

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of wheel detection detection of rail vehicles, and particularly relates to a parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector.
  • the wheels of rail vehicles are subject to large alternating stresses during operation for a long time, and cracks may occur inside them, which may cause safety hazards. Ultrasonic inspection of the wheels should be carried out periodically.
  • a device for ultrasonic flaw detection without rotating the wheel has been developed at home and abroad, that is, the wheel is not removed, but the wheel is normally mounted on the vehicle for flaw detection.
  • the basic form of such flaw detection equipment is: the vehicle is parked on the vehicle rail of the dedicated overhead track bridge; a flaw detector track parallel to the vehicle rail is placed in the trench below the track bridge; the flaw detector trolley moves on this track, Stopping under the wheels of the vehicle in turn; then, the top wheel frame of the flaw detector is raised, the wheel is lifted off the rail, and the wheel is rotated, and the rim probe robot on the top wheel frame detects the rim; then the top wheel frame
  • the longitudinal rail is further raised so that the tread probe robot on the longitudinal rail can mount the ultrasonic probe holder against the wheel for flaw detection.
  • the lifting of the top wheel frame and the longitudinal rail of the conventional rail vehicle wheel flaw detection equipment is serial motion (the vertical rail is arranged on the top wheel frame, and the vertical rail is raised when the top wheel frame is raised), the height of the vertical rail and the top wheel frame Highly relevant, in the narrow spatial position at the bottom of the wheel, this relationship between the longitudinal rail and the top wheel frame makes it impossible for the tread probe robot to move from one side of the wheel to the other in a vertical position above the top wheel frame in a manner perpendicular to the vehicle rail On the side, to achieve flaw detection on either side of the wheel, the robot must perform complex movements, which is cumbersome and time consuming, and has low efficiency.
  • the tread probe robot of this model is easy to collide with the vehicle bottom part, and at the same time These models are not usable. These serious defects are not suitable for the high-speed railway running fast and the models are large. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of equipment that is highly efficient and does not fall off the wheel.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the tread probe robot of the existing rail vehicle not falling wheel wheel flaw detector needs to be cumbersome to be converted when moving from one side to the other side, and the operation is cumbersome and the work efficiency is low.
  • the present invention provides a parallel lifting and unloading wheel wheel flaw detector which is simple in operation, high in work efficiency, and capable of flexibly moving from one side of the wheel to the other side of the wheel to be tested. .
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector comprising a trolley between two vehicle rails movable in a direction of a vehicle rail, a base frame mounted on the trolley, and a top wheel and a top thereof a top wheel device provided with a rim probe holder, a tread surface flaw detecting device for detecting a tread surface of the wheel, and a first lifting mechanism for driving the top wheel device to rise and fall, and driving the tread surface detecting device to rise and fall second a jacking mechanism comprising a flaw detection vertical frame mountable on the base frame up and down along an inner side wall of the base frame, and an upper end of the flaw detection vertical frame, along the vehicle a tread probe robot that slides in the longitudinal direction of the rail, the tread probe robot is provided with a tread probe holder, and the top wheel device is slidably mounted on the flaw detection vertical frame along the inner side wall of the flaw detection vertical frame .
  • the flaw detection vertical frame is slidably mounted on the base frame by providing a linear sliding pair between the flaw detection vertical frame and the base frame.
  • the tread probe robot is slidably mounted on the flaw detection vertical frame in a direction parallel to the rail of the vehicle by providing a linear sliding pair between the top of the flaw detection vertical frame and the bottom of the tread probe robot.
  • the top wheel device is slidably mounted on the flaw detection vertical frame by providing a linear sliding pair between the inner side wall of the flaw detection vertical frame and the end portion of the top wheel device.
  • the base frame is a rectangular parallelepiped seat surrounded by a lower bottom surface and four side walls, wherein the inner sides of the two opposite side walls Forming a first guide rail or a guide groove extending in an up-and-down direction, the lower end of the flaw detection vertical frame is a first rectangular parallelepiped frame surrounded by four side walls, and the first rectangular parallelepiped frame is adapted to be inserted into the rectangular parallelepiped seat, And the first guiding groove or the guide rail is matched with the first rail or the guiding groove, and the upper end of the detecting vertical frame is covered by the two ends of the first rectangular parallelepiped frame.
  • the first guide groove or the guide rail is formed to extend upwardly, and a longitudinal rail extending along the length of the rail of the vehicle is disposed at an upper end of the first guide groove or the guide rail at the two ends, and the tread probe robot passes through the longitudinal guide groove at the bottom. Slidably disposed on the longitudinal rail.
  • the first rail or guide groove is formed on two opposite side walls of the base frame perpendicular to the rail of the vehicle, and the opposite side walls of the base frame parallel to the vehicle rail are provided with suitable A first mounting hole into which the tool extends, and two opposite side walls of the flaw detection vertical frame that are parallel to the vehicle rail are provided with a second mounting hole adapted to extend into the tool.
  • the top wheel device includes a top wheel frame movable up and down along an inner side wall of the flaw detection vertical frame, a jacking structure disposed on a side of the top wheel frame, and a rim probe frame for detecting the rim, and
  • the top wheel carrier is below the trajectory of the tread probe robot sliding along the length of the vehicle rail.
  • the top wheel frame is a second rectangular parallelepiped frame surrounded by four side walls, and the inner side of the flaw detection vertical frame is formed with a second guide rail or a guide groove extending in the up and down direction, and the outer end of the second rectangular parallelepiped frame is formed a second channel or rail for use with the second rail or channel.
  • the jacking structure includes a sliding bar vertically fixed to the side wall of the top wheel carrier parallel to the rail of the vehicle, and both ends of the sliding bar extend out of the side wall of the top wheel carrier
  • An sliding end of the sliding bar extending from a side wall of the top wheel carrier is provided with a clamping fork, and an upper end of the clamping fork is provided with a roller, and at least two of the rollers on the same side of the top wheel carrier are at least One of the rollers is mounted with a driving device; the lower ends of the two clamping forks on the same side of the top wheel carrier are connected with a clamping fork swinging mechanism.
  • the clamping fork swinging mechanism is an electric cylinder or a cylinder or a cylinder, and two ends of the electric cylinder or the cylinder or the cylinder are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two clamping forks respectively.
  • the clamping fork has a V-shaped structure, and the openings of the two clamping forks on the same side of the top wheel carrier are oppositely disposed.
  • a hook device for arranging the top wheel frame on the rail of the vehicle is disposed between the clip fork and a sidewall of the top wheel carrier, and the hook device includes a sliding sleeve disposed on the sliding bar a hook beam on the upper side, and a hook beam telescopic mechanism disposed on the inner side of the top wheel frame and driving the hook beam to extend and contract in a vertical direction of the vehicle rail, the free end of the hook beam is provided with a direction One side of the rail of the vehicle extends to overlap the hook portion of the rail of the vehicle.
  • the rim flaw detecting device is disposed between the two sliding bars, and includes a rim probe robot fixedly disposed on an outer wall of the top wheel frame, and a rim probe disposed at an end of the rim probe robot for mounting the detecting probe frame.
  • the first jacking mechanism, the second jacking mechanism, and the hook beam telescopic mechanism are all electric cylinders or cylinders or cylinders.
  • the tread probe holder is provided with two, respectively located at two ends of the tread probe robot.
  • the parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector of the present invention has a vertical distance between the vertical detection frame of the tread probe and the top wheel device for lifting the wheel, and the height distance between the two is independently raised and lowered on the basis of the trolley.
  • the tread probe manipulator can be adjusted as needed, and the tread probe robot is disposed above the top wheel frame, and does not need to pass through the middle of the top wheel frame when moving, and the lifting height can be adjusted arbitrarily, so that it can be conveniently placed above the top wheel frame by the wheel One side moves to the other side, which simplifies the operation mode, and significantly improves the detection efficiency, and has better work stability and safety performance.
  • the base frame, the flaw detection vertical frame and the top wheel frame of the flaw detector of the invention are designed to grow a square structure, the structure has better ability to carry external force, and the operation process is relatively stable and the positioning precision is high.
  • the opposite side walls of the base frame of the flaw detector of the present invention which are parallel to the rail of the vehicle, are provided with first mounting holes adapted to extend into the tool, and the opposite side walls of the vertical frame which are parallel to the vehicle rail are provided on the vertical frame.
  • the second mounting hole into which the tool protrudes has a rectangular shape and a circular arc transition at the corner. The installation of the mounting hole not only facilitates the assembly and maintenance of the entire flaw detector, but also reduces the area of the sheet. Reduce the weight of the entire flaw detector and reduce production costs.
  • the sliding bar of the flaw detector of the invention is further provided with a hook device for locating the top wheel frame on the rail of the vehicle, and a hook beam telescopic mechanism is arranged between the hook devices on both sides, and the hook claw beam is stretched and stretched
  • the hook beam on both sides of the mechanism drive is close to or away from the vehicle rail, and the hook beam and the clip fork are connected by the linkage in the axial direction of the slider; before the wheel is jacked up, the top wheel frame is first raised to be slightly higher than The vehicle rails, and then the hook beam telescopic mechanism drives the hooks on both sides of the top wheel frame to respectively lie on the vehicle rails on both sides, and then the clamping fork swinging mechanism extends to both sides to drive the two clamping forks to push the wheels up until The wheel is separated from the surface of the rail of the vehicle, and the weight of the entire wheel is transmitted to the rail of the vehicle through the hook beam, thereby preventing the trolley from being damaged by pressure.
  • the rim probe robot is provided on both sides of the top wheel frame of the flaw detector of the invention.
  • the two rim probes can simultaneously perform the rim portions of the two wheels. Detection, which in turn improves the efficiency of detection.
  • the tread probe holder of the flaw detector of the invention is provided with two legs respectively located at the two ends of the tread probe robot; when the flaw detection, the two tread probes can simultaneously inspect the two wheels on the same shaft, thereby greatly improving the flaw detection efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a base frame of a parallel lifting and lowering wheel wheel flaw detector according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a vertical frame for detecting flaws of a parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a top wheel frame of the parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector of the present invention.
  • a parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector of the present embodiment includes a trolley 1 which is movable between two rails of a vehicle (not shown) in the direction of the vehicle rail. a base frame 3 mounted on the trolley 1 , a top wheel device on which the wheel rim probe frame 6 is mounted, a tread surface flaw detecting device for detecting the tread surface of the wheel, and the top wheel device being driven a first lifting mechanism 9 that rises and falls, and a second lifting mechanism 5 that drives the tread surface detecting device to rise and fall.
  • the tread surface detecting device includes a sliding device that is slidable up and down along the inner side wall of the base frame 3 a flaw detection vertical frame 2 on the base frame 3, and a tread probe robot 10 disposed at an upper end of the flaw detection vertical frame 2 and slidable along a length direction of the vehicle rail, and the tread probe robot 10 is provided with a tread probe a test probe 11 is mounted on the tread probe holder 11; the top wheel device is slidably mounted on the flaw detection vertical frame 2 along the inner side wall of the flaw detection vertical frame, the top wheel device Rim detection Home.
  • the parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector of the present invention can independently ascend and descend according to the vertical frame of the detecting tread probe and the top wheel device for lifting the wheel, and the height distance between the two can be Need to adjust, that is, the adjustment can make the vertical frame of the flaw detection higher than the top wheel device, and the top wheel device can be made higher than the vertical frame of the flaw detection, and the tread probe robot is disposed at the top of the flaw detection vertical frame and above the top wheel frame, It does not need to pass through the middle of the top wheel carrier when moving, and its lifting height can be adjusted arbitrarily, so it can be easily moved from one side of the wheel to the other side above the top wheel frame, thereby simplifying the operation mode and significantly improving the flaw detection.
  • the tread surface flaw detection device and the rim flaw detection device of the invention are driven by different jacking mechanisms, and the two flaw detectors can independently raise or lower, without interfering with each other. Therefore, the tread detecting device can be more conveniently moved from one side of the wheel to the other side in the limited space of the vehicle bottom, and there is no need to step on the tread. Testing equipment do complex motion control run, so it has more flexibility.
  • the flaw detection vertical frame 2 passes through the flaw detection vertical frame 2 and the base A manner of providing a linear sliding pair between the mounts 3 is slidably mounted on the base frame 3 in a vertical manner. Since the linear sliding pair is a two-track structure that cooperates with each other, the guide rail 3 can be provided with a guide rail or a guide groove. Correspondingly, the vertical frame 2 of the flaw detection needs to be disposed corresponding thereto. Guide groove or guide rail. Moreover, since the fitting manner of the linear sliding pair restricts the vertical structure 2 of the flaw detection to only perform the vertical lifting operation, the flaw detector of the embodiment has a more stable operating state.
  • the tread probe robot 10 is slidably mounted in a direction parallel to the vehicle rail by providing a linear sliding pair between the top of the flaw detection vertical frame 2 and the bottom of the tread probe robot 10. The flaw is detected on the vertical frame 2.
  • the top wheel device is slidably mounted on the upper and lower sides by providing a linear sliding pair between the inner side wall of the flaw detection vertical frame 2 and the end portion of the top wheel device. Detect the vertical frame 2 on it.
  • the inner side of the flaw detection vertical frame 2 can also be provided with a guide rail or a guide groove at a position where the top wheel device is engaged.
  • the cooperation between the guide rail and the guide groove does not necessarily need to be separately set on two matching components.
  • the guide rail and the guide groove may also be provided with two parallel guide rails on the mating faces of the two components, and the two guide rails on one of the components are located in the gap between the two guide rails on the other component, thereby realizing The rails slide fit.
  • the base frame 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped seat surrounded by a lower bottom surface and four side walls.
  • the two side walls perpendicular to the vehicle rail are The inner side surface is formed with a first guiding groove 12 extending in the up-and-down direction;
  • the lower end of the flaw detecting vertical frame 2 is a first rectangular parallelepiped frame surrounded by four side walls.
  • the first rectangular parallelepiped frame is suitable for insertion.
  • the two ends of the first rectangular parallelepiped frame (the two sides perpendicular to the vehicle rail) are respectively formed with a first guide rail 20 that cooperates with the first guide groove 12, and the flaw detection is vertical.
  • the upper end of the frame 2 is formed by extending upwardly from the first rail 20 at both ends of the first rectangular frame, and a longitudinal rail 8 extending along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle rail is erected at the upper ends of the first rails 20 at both ends.
  • the tread probe robot 10 is slidably disposed on the longitudinal rail 8 through a longitudinal guide groove at the bottom thereof. To improve the sliding accuracy, the longitudinal guide groove below the tread probe robot 10 has a rectangular cross section.
  • the two opposite side walls of the base frame 3 parallel to the vehicle rail in the embodiment are provided with a first mounting hole 31 suitable for the tool to extend, and the flaw detection vertical frame 2
  • a second mounting hole 21 adapted to extend the tool is provided on the two opposite side walls parallel to the rail of the vehicle.
  • the first mounting hole 31 and the second mounting hole 21 have a rectangular shape and are arc-transitioned at the corners of the two mounting holes.
  • the second mounting hole 21 and the first mounting hole 31 may also be disposed in other shapes, such as a circular shape, a trapezoidal shape, or the like, and may also be on the corresponding wall surface of the base frame 3 and the tread probe holder 2. Set up multiple mounting holes on it.
  • the top wheel device in this embodiment includes a top wheel frame 7 movable up and down along the inner side wall of the flaw detection vertical frame 2, and is disposed on both sides of the top wheel frame 7 for topping.
  • a lifting structure of the lifting wheel, and a rim probe holder 6 for detecting the rim the rim probe holder 6 is provided with a flaw detection probe, and the top wheel frame 7 is at the length of the tread probe robot 10 along the rail of the vehicle The direction is below the trajectory.
  • the top wheel carrier 7 is a second rectangular parallelepiped frame surrounded by four side walls, and the inner side of the flaw detection vertical frame 2 perpendicular to the two side faces of the vehicle rail is formed to extend in the up and down direction.
  • the second guiding groove 13 is formed on the outer side of the end of the second rectangular parallelepiped frame with a second guide rail 70 for use with the second guiding groove 13.
  • the guide rail and the guide groove of the flaw detection vertical frame 2 and the top wheel frame 7 are matched with each other, if the guide rail or the guide groove is specifically disposed on the flaw detection vertical frame 2 or the top wheel frame 7, It can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the jacking structure in this embodiment includes a sliding bar 16 vertically fixed on the side wall of the top wheel frame 7 parallel to the vehicle rail, and both ends of the sliding bar 16 Extending out the outer wall surfaces of the two side walls of the top wheel carrier 7, the one end of the sliding bar 16 extending from the side wall of the top wheel frame 7 is sleeved with a clamping fork 15, and the upper end of the clamping fork 15 is disposed
  • a roller 14 one of the two rollers 14 on the same side of the top wheel carrier 7 is provided with a driving device on the roller 14, of course, if the selected motor power is small, then two rollers can be used. 14 respectively, a driving device is installed, and the driving device is installed The wheel is rotated by driving the roller to drive the wheel, and the driving device can be a motor, a hydraulic motor or the like.
  • the lower end of the two clamping forks 15 on the same side of the top wheel carrier 7 is connected with a clamping fork swinging mechanism 18, and the clamping fork swinging mechanism 18 is an electric cylinder or a cylinder or a cylinder, and the electric cylinder Or both ends of the cylinder or the cylinder are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two clamping forks 15, respectively.
  • the clamping fork swinging mechanism 18 is ejected to both sides, the distance between the two rollers 14 can be reduced, thereby driving the vehicle roller to move upward and gradually get out of the rail surface.
  • the clamping fork 15 has a V-shaped structure, and the openings of the two clamping forks 15 located on the same side of the top wheel carrier 7 are reversely disposed. Compared with the rod clamp, the same length of the V-shaped fork can raise the wheel higher, which is more advantageous for flaw detection.
  • a hook device for locating the top wheel carrier 7 on the vehicle rail is disposed.
  • the hook device includes a hook beam 19 slidingly disposed on the sliding bar 16, and disposed inside the top wheel carrier 7, and driving the hook beam 19 along a vertical direction of the vehicle rail a telescopic hook beam telescopic mechanism 17 driving the hook beams 19 on both sides to approach or away from the vehicle rail, the hook beam 19 and the clamping fork 15 being connected by a linkage to
  • the axial movement of the sliding bar 16 is in the same direction; when the hook beam telescopic mechanism 17 drives the claw beam 19 to move along the axial direction of the sliding bar 16, the clamping fork 15 follows; the claw The free end of the beam 19 is provided with a hook portion 190 extending toward one side of the rail of the vehicle for lapping the rail of the vehicle.
  • the top wheel frame 7 is first raised to a position slightly higher than the rail position of the vehicle by driving the first jacking mechanism 9, and then the hook beam telescopic mechanism 17 drives the hook beams 19 and clips on both sides of the top wheel frame 7.
  • the fork 15 is moved to the outside.
  • the clamp swing mechanism 18 is extended to both sides to drive the two rollers 14 on the two clamp forks to lift the wheels upward.
  • the weight of the entire wheel is transmitted to the rail of the vehicle through the hook beam 19, thereby preventing the trolley from being damaged by pressure.
  • the rim flaw detecting device is disposed between the two sliding bars 16 and includes fixing A rim probe robot 4 disposed on an outer wall of the top wheel frame 7 and a rim probe holder 6 disposed at an end of the rim probe robot 4 for mounting a detection probe. Since both ends of the rim probe robot 4 are respectively provided with a rim probe holder 6, the two rim probe holders 6 can simultaneously detect the rim portions of the two wheels on the same shaft, thereby improving the detection efficiency.
  • the second jacking mechanism 5, the first jacking mechanism 9, and the hook beam telescopic mechanism 17 are electric cylinders or cylinders or cylinders.
  • the tread probe holder 11 is provided with two, which are respectively located at two ends of the tread probe robot 10. By providing two tread probe holders 11, it is possible to simultaneously inspect two wheels on the same shaft, thereby improving the detection efficiency.
  • the vehicle When the parallel lifting and falling wheel wheel flaw detector of the present invention is in operation, the vehicle is parked on the rail of the vehicle of the overhead track bridge.
  • the structure of the rail vehicle is that there is a bogie under the carriage.
  • axles there are two axles on one bogie.
  • Each axle has wheels on both ends.
  • the outer circumference of the wheel is called the tread.
  • the tread is in contact with the top surface of the rail, and there is a circle on the inside of the tread.
  • the rim having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the tread, the outer side of the rim, that is, the surface connected to the tread, is in contact with the inner side of the rail, and serves as a guide, and the inner side of the rim is called a rim.
  • the trolley 1 moves under the axle of the vehicle in the pit, and the flaw detection vertical frame 2 is first raised by the second jacking mechanism 5 along the first guide slot 12 on the base frame, and then the top wheel The frame is further raised along the second guiding slot 13 under the driving of the first jacking mechanism; the middle of the main body of the top wheel carrier 7 has two horizontal sliding bars 16 perpendicular to the rail of the vehicle, and two claws on both sides of the top wheel carrier 7 The beam 19 is slidably fitted on the sliding bar 16.
  • the two claw beams 19 are simultaneously moved outward by the hook beam telescopic mechanism 17, and the claws on the claw beam 19 are respectively On the outer side of each of the two rails of the vehicle; there is a pair of clamping forks 15 on the outer side of each of the claw beams 19, and the clamping forks 15 are also slidably fitted on the sliding bars 16, and a roller 14 is mounted on the upper end of each of the clamping forks 15
  • the fork 15 moves along the hook beam 19, and when the hook is placed on the rail of the vehicle, the rollers 14 on the side clamps 15 are also moved under the rims of the two wheels, respectively, and then the clamp fork 15 is driven by the clamp swing mechanism.
  • the roller 14 lifts the wheel off The vehicle rails drive the wheels; then the tread probe robot 10 on the vertical frame 2 detects the two tread probe frames 11 against the tread surfaces of the two wheels, and the rim probe robots mounted on the two claw beams 19 at the same time 4
  • the two rim probe holders 6 are also attached to the rims of the two wheels so that the two wheels on the same axle can be simultaneously tested.
  • the probe frames are retracted, the clamp forks 15 are reversely oscillated, the wheels are dropped onto the vehicle rails, the claw beams 19 and the clamp forks 15 are retracted, the top wheel carrier is lowered to the initial position, and the flaw detection frame is lowered to avoid the vehicle steering. Under the obstacle of the lower frame, the tread probe robot can move on the longitudinal rail 8 to the other side of the wheel, thus achieving the purpose of detecting the flaw on either side of the wheel.

Abstract

一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其包括沿车辆钢轨方向移动的台车（1），安装在所述台车上的基座架（3）、顶轮装置、踏面探伤装置，以及驱动顶轮装置升降的第一顶升机构（9），驱动踏面探伤装置升降的第二顶升机构（5），所述踏面探伤装置包括探伤垂直构架（2），以及设置在所述探伤垂直构架上端的踏面探头机械手（10），所述踏面探头机械手上设有踏面探头架（11），所述顶轮装置可沿所述探伤垂直构架的内侧壁上、下滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架上。该探伤机的探伤垂直构架和顶轮装置都以台车为基准独立地升降，踏面探头机械手设置在顶轮架（7）的上方可以很方便地在顶轮架上方由车轮的一侧移动到另一侧，进而简化设备机构，并显著提高了探伤效率，工作稳定且安全可靠。

Description

一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机 技术领域
本发明属于轨道车辆车轮探伤检测技术领域，特别是涉及一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机。
背景技术
轨道车辆的车轮在运行中长期受到大的交变应力，其内部可能产生裂纹，进而造成安全隐患，对此应定期对车轮进行超声波探伤。近年来国内外开发了一种不落轮超声波探伤的设备，即不用将车轮拆下来，而是在车轮正常装在车辆上的状态下进行探伤。这种探伤设备的基本形式是：车辆停在专用的架空轨道桥的车辆钢轨上；轨道桥下面的地沟中铺设一条与车辆钢轨平行的探伤机轨道；探伤机台车在此轨道上移动，可以依次停在车辆各个车轮下方；然后，探伤机的顶轮架升起，将车轮顶起脱离钢轨，并使车轮转动，顶轮架上的轮辋探头机械手对轮辋进行探伤；然后顶轮架上的纵导轨进一步升起，使纵导轨上的踏面探头机械手能够将超声波探头架贴靠到车轮上进行探伤。
传统轨道车辆车轮探伤设备的顶轮架和纵导轨的升降是串行运动(纵导轨设置在顶轮架上，顶轮架上升时纵导轨随之上升)，纵导轨的高度与顶轮架的高度相关，在车轮底部狭小的空间位置中，纵导轨与顶轮架的这种关系，使得踏面探头机械手无法在顶轮架上方，以与车辆钢轨垂直的姿态由车轮的一侧移动到另一侧，要实现在车轮任一侧探伤，机械手必须进行复杂的运动，操作很繁琐费时，效率较低；在实际运行中，这种机型踏面探头机械手易与车底机件碰撞，同时在某些车型下无法使用，这些严重缺陷，不适应高速铁路运行节奏快、车型多的情况， 因此需要研发出一种高效率不落轮探伤的新型设备。
发明内容
为此，本发明要解决的技术问题是现有轨道车辆不落轮车轮探伤机的踏面探头机械手由一侧移动到另一侧时需要较为繁琐的动作转化才能实现，其操作繁琐、工作效率低的问题。为此，本发明提供一种操作简单，工作效率较高，踏面探头机械手能够从被测车轮的一侧灵活移动到另一侧的、安全性较高的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其包括在两条车辆钢轨之间，可沿车辆钢轨方向移动的台车，安装在所述台车上的基座架，可顶升车轮且其上设有轮辋探头架的顶轮装置，对车轮的踏面进行探伤的踏面探伤装置，以及驱动所述顶轮装置上升、下降的第一顶升机构，驱动所述踏面探伤装置上升、下降的第二顶升机构，所述踏面探伤装置包括可沿所述基座架内侧壁上下滑动地安装在所述基座架上的探伤垂直构架，以及设置在所述探伤垂直构架上端，可沿所述车辆钢轨的长度方向滑动的踏面探头机械手，所述踏面探头机械手上设有踏面探头架，所述顶轮装置可沿所述探伤垂直构架的内侧壁上、下滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架上。
所述探伤垂直构架通过在所述探伤垂直构架与所述基座架之间设置直线滑动副的方式可上、下滑动地安装在所述基座架上。
所述踏面探头机械手通过在所述探伤垂直构架顶部与所述踏面探头机械手底部之间设置直线滑动副的方式沿与所述车辆钢轨平行的方向滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架上。
所述顶轮装置通过在所述探伤垂直构架的所述内侧壁与所述顶轮装置的端部之间设置直线滑动副的方式可上、下滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架上。
所述基座架为下底面和四侧壁围成的长方体座，其中两相对侧壁的内侧 面上成型有沿上下方向延伸的第一导轨或导槽，所述探伤垂直构架的下端为由四侧壁围成的第一长方体框，所述第一长方体框适合插入所述长方体座内，且所述第一长方体框的两端部分别成型有与所述第一导轨或导槽配合使用的第一导槽或导轨，所述探伤垂直构架的上端由所述第一长方体框两端的所述第一导槽或导轨向上延伸形成，一条沿所述车辆钢轨长度方向延伸的纵向导轨架设在两端的所述第一导槽或导轨的上端，所述踏面探头机械手通过底部的纵向导槽可滑动地设置在所述纵向导轨上。
所述第一导轨或导槽成型在所述基座架的与所述车辆钢轨垂直的两相对侧壁上，所述基座架的与所述车辆钢轨平行的两相对侧壁上设有适合工具伸入的第一安装孔、所述探伤垂直构架上与所述车辆钢轨平行的两相对侧壁上设有适合工具伸入的第二安装孔。
所述顶轮装置包括可沿所述探伤垂直构架的内侧壁上下移动的顶轮架，设置在所述顶轮架两侧顶升车轮的顶升结构，以及对轮辋探伤的轮辋探头架，且所述顶轮架处于所述踏面探头机械手沿所述车辆钢轨的长度方向滑动的轨迹之下。
所述顶轮架为四侧壁围成的第二长方体框，所述探伤垂直构架的内侧成型有沿上下方向延伸的第二导轨或导槽，所述第二长方体框的端部外侧成型有与所述第二导轨或导槽配合使用的第二导槽或导轨。
所述顶升结构包括垂直固定在所述顶轮架的与所述车辆钢轨平行的所述侧壁上的滑杠，所述滑杠的两端延伸出所述顶轮架的所述侧壁，所述滑杠的延伸出所述顶轮架侧壁的一端滑动套设有夹叉，所述夹叉的上端设置有滚轮，位于所述顶轮架同侧的两个所述滚轮中至少有一个所述滚轮上安装有驱转装置；位于所述顶轮架同侧的两个所述夹叉的下端连接有夹叉摆动机构。
所述夹叉摆动机构为电动缸或油缸或气缸，所述电动缸或油缸或气缸的两端分别固定连接在两个所述夹叉的下端。
所述夹叉呈V形结构，位于所述顶轮架同侧的两个所述夹叉的开口反向设置。
所述夹叉与所述顶轮架的侧壁之间设置有用于将所述顶轮架搭在所述车辆钢轨上的勾爪装置，所述勾爪装置包括滑动套设在所述滑杠上的勾爪梁，及设置在所述顶轮架内侧，并驱动所述勾爪梁沿所述车辆钢轨的垂直方向伸缩的勾爪梁伸缩机构，所述勾爪梁的自由端设置有向所述车辆钢轨一侧延伸用于搭接所述车辆钢轨的勾爪部。
所述轮辋探伤装置设置在两所述滑杠之间，其包括固定设置在所顶轮架外壁上的轮辋探头机械手，以及设置在所述轮辋探头机械手端部的用于安装检测探头的轮辋探头架。
所述第一顶升机构、所述第二顶升机构以及所述勾爪梁伸缩机构均为电动缸或油缸或气缸。
所述踏面探头架设有两个，分别位于所述踏面探头机械手的两端。
本发明的并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机的有益效果：
1.本发明的并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机由于其安装踏面探头的探伤垂直构架以及用于将车轮顶起的顶轮装置都以台车为基准独立地升降，两者之间的高度距离能够按照需要调整，而踏面探头机械手设置在顶轮架的上方，其移动时无需从顶轮架中间穿过，且其升降高度可任意调整，因此可以很方便地在顶轮架上方由车轮的一侧移动到另一侧，进而简化操作方式，并显著提高了探伤效率，具有较好的工作稳定性和安全性能。
2.本发明的探伤机的基座架、探伤垂直构架以及顶轮架都设计成长方体结构，该结构具有更好的承载外力的能力，且运行过程中较为平稳，定位精度高。
3.本发明探伤机的基座架的与车辆钢轨平行的两相对侧壁上设有适合工具伸入的第一安装孔，探伤垂直构架上与车辆钢轨平行的两相对侧壁上设有适合工具伸入的第二安装孔，两处安装孔均呈矩形形状，并在角处圆弧过渡，通过设置安装孔不仅能便于整个探伤机的组装维护，同时由于减少了板材的面积，还能够降低整个探伤机的自重并减少制作成本。
4.本发明探伤机的滑杠上还设置有用于将顶轮架搭在车辆钢轨上的勾爪装置，且两侧的勾爪装置之间设置有勾爪梁伸缩机构，该勾爪梁伸缩机构驱动两侧的勾爪梁靠近或远离车辆钢轨，勾爪梁与夹叉在滑杠的轴线方向上通过联动件连接联动；在将车轮顶起前，首先将顶轮架上升至略高于车辆钢轨，然后勾爪梁伸缩机构驱动顶轮架两侧的勾爪分别搭在两侧的车辆钢轨上，接着夹叉摆动机构向两侧伸展以驱动两个夹叉将车轮向上顶起，直至车轮脱离车辆钢轨表面，此时整个车轮的重量全部通过勾爪梁传递到车辆钢轨上，进而避免了台车受压损坏。
5.本发明探伤机的顶轮架两侧均设有轮辋探头机械手，当顶轮架将同一个轴上的两个车轮顶起时，两个轮辋探头可同时对两个车轮的轮辋部位进行探伤，进而提高了探伤效率。
6.本发明探伤机的踏面探头架设有两个，分别位于踏面探头机械手的两端；探伤时两个踏面探伤探头可同时对同一根轴上的两个车轮进行探伤，进而大大提高探伤效率。
附图说明
为了使发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解，下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明，其中：
图1是本发明并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机的结构示意图；
图2是本发明并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机基座架的结构示意图；
图3是本发明并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机探伤垂直构架的结构示意图；
图4是本发明并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机的顶轮架的结构示意图。
图中附图标记表示为：
1-台车；2-探伤垂直构架；20-第一导轨,21-第二安装孔；3-基座架；31-第一安装孔；4-轮辋探头机械手；5-第二顶升机构；6-轮辋探头架；7-顶轮架；70-第二导轨；8-纵向导轨；9-第一顶升机构；10-踏面探头机械手； 11-踏面探头架；12-第一导槽；13-第二导槽；14-滚轮；15-夹叉；16-滑杠；17-勾爪梁伸缩机构；18-夹叉摆动机构；19-勾爪梁；190-勾爪部。
具体实施方式
参见图1、图4，本实施例的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其包括在两条车辆钢轨(图中未示出)之间，可沿车辆钢轨方向移动的台车1，安装在所述台车1上的基座架3，可顶升车轮且其上设有轮辋探头架6的顶轮装置，对车轮的踏面进行探伤的踏面探伤装置，以及驱动所述顶轮装置上升、下降的第一顶升机构9，驱动所述踏面探伤装置上升、下降的第二顶升机构5，所述踏面探伤装置包括可沿所述基座架3内侧壁上下滑动地安装在所述基座架3上的探伤垂直构架2，以及设置在所述探伤垂直构架2上端，可沿所述车辆钢轨的长度方向滑动的踏面探头机械手10，所述踏面探头机械手10上设有踏面探头架11，所述踏面探头架11上安装有探伤探头；所述顶轮装置可沿所述探伤垂直构架的内侧壁上、下滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架2上，所述顶轮装置上设置有轮辋探伤装置。本发明的并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机由于其安装踏面探头的探伤垂直构架以及用于将车轮顶起的顶轮装置都以台车为基准独立地升降，两者之间的高度距离能够按照需要调整，即通过调节可以使探伤垂直构架高于顶轮装置，也可以使顶轮装置高于探伤垂直构架，而踏面探头机械手设置在探伤垂直构架的顶部，且位于顶轮架的上方，其移动时无需从顶轮架中间穿过，且其升降高度可任意调整，因此可以很方便地在顶轮架上方由车轮的一侧移动到另一侧，进而简化操作方式，并显著提高了探伤效率，具有较好的工作稳定性和安全性能，本发明的踏面探伤装置和轮辋探伤装置由不同的顶升机构驱动，两个探伤装置可独立进行升起或下降动作，相互间不会产生干涉，因此踏面探伤装置在车底的有限空间里能够更加方便从车轮一侧运动至另一侧，且无需对踏面探伤装置做复杂的运行动作操控，因此具有更好的灵活性。
本实施例中，所述探伤垂直构架2通过在所述探伤垂直构架2与所述基 座架3之间设置直线滑动副的方式可上、下滑动地安装在所述基座架3上。由于所述直线滑动副是相互配合的两个滑轨结构，因此，所述基座架3上可设置导轨也可以设置导槽，相应的，所述探伤垂直构架2上则需要设置与其对应的导槽或导轨。且由于所述直线滑动副的配合方式限制了探伤垂直构架2只能进行垂直升降动作，因此本实施例的探伤机具有更加稳定的运行状态。
本实施例中，所述踏面探头机械手10通过在所述探伤垂直构架2顶部与所述踏面探头机械手10底部之间设置直线滑动副的方式沿与所述车辆钢轨平行的方向滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架2上。
本实施例中，所述顶轮装置通过在所述探伤垂直构架2的所述内侧壁与所述顶轮装置的端部之间设置直线滑动副的方式可上、下滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架2上。同理，所述探伤垂直构架2内侧与所述顶轮装置配合的位置也可设置导轨或导槽，当然，上述的导轨与导槽的配合未必就需要在两个相配合的部件上分别设置导轨和导槽，也可以是在两个部件相配合的面上分别设置两道平行的导轨，并使其中一个部件上的两个导轨恰好位于另一部件上的两个导轨间隙内，进而实现导轨滑动配合。
具体的，本实施例中介绍一种优选的设置方式，所述基座架3为下底面和四侧壁围成的长方体座，参见图2，其中与所述车辆钢轨垂直的两侧壁的内侧面上成型有沿上下方向延伸的第一导槽12；所述探伤垂直构架2的下端为由四侧壁围成的第一长方体框，参见图3，所述第一长方体框适合插入所述长方体座内，且所述第一长方体框的两端部(与所述车辆钢轨垂直的两个侧面)分别成型有与所述第一导槽12配合的第一导轨20，所述探伤垂直构架2的上端由所述第一长方体框两端的所述第一导轨20向上延伸形成，一条沿所述车辆钢轨长度方向延伸的纵向导轨8架设在两端的所述第一导轨20的上端，所述踏面探头机械手10通过其底部的纵向导槽可滑动地设置在所述纵向导轨8上，为了提高滑动精度，所述踏面探头机械手10下方的所述纵向导槽的横截面为矩形结构。
参见图2、图3，本实施例中的所述基座架3的与所述车辆钢轨平行的两相对侧壁上设有适合工具伸入的第一安装孔31、所述探伤垂直构架2上与所述车辆钢轨平行的两相对侧壁上设有适合工具伸入的第二安装孔21。所述第一安装孔31和所述第二安装孔21呈矩形形状，并在两个安装孔的角处圆弧过渡。通过设置第一安装孔31和第二安装孔21不仅能便于整个探伤机的组装、维护，同时由于减少了板材的面积，还能够降低探伤机的自重并减少生产成本。当然，所述第二安装孔21和所述第一安装孔31也可以设置成其它形状，如圆形、梯形等，也可以在所述基座架3和所述踏面探头架2的相应壁面上设置多个安装孔。
参见图1、图4，本实施例中的所述顶轮装置包括可沿所述探伤垂直构架2的内侧壁上下移动的顶轮架7，设置在所述顶轮架7两侧用于顶升车轮的顶升结构，以及对轮辋探伤的轮辋探头架6，所述轮辋探头架6上设置有探伤探头，且所述顶轮架7处于所述踏面探头机械手10沿所述车辆钢轨的长度方向滑动的轨迹之下。
本实施例中，所述顶轮架7为由四个侧壁围成的第二长方体框，所述探伤垂直构架2的垂直于所述车辆钢轨的两个侧面的内侧成型有沿上下方向延伸的第二导槽13，所述第二长方体框的端部外侧成型有与所述第二导槽13配合使用的第二导轨70。本实施例中，由于所述探伤垂直构架2及所述顶轮架7上的导轨与导槽是相互配合的，至于导轨或导槽具体设置在探伤垂直构架2还是顶轮架7上，则可根据实际情况而定。
参见图4，本实施例中的所述顶升结构包括垂直固定在所述顶轮架7的与所述车辆钢轨平行的所述侧壁上的滑杠16，所述滑杠16的两端延伸出所述顶轮架7的两个侧壁外壁面，所述滑杠16的延伸出所述顶轮架7侧壁的一端滑动套设有夹叉15，所述夹叉15的上端设置有滚轮14，位于所述顶轮架7同侧的两个所述滚轮14中有一个所述滚轮14上安装有驱转装置，当然，若选择的电机功率较小，则可以在两个滚轮14上分别安装驱转装置，所述驱转装 置通过驱动所述滚轮转动，进而带动所述车轮转动，所述驱转装置可以为电机、液压马达等。
本实施例中，位于所述顶轮架7同侧的两个所述夹叉15的下端连接有夹叉摆动机构18所述夹叉摆动机构18为电动缸或油缸或气缸，所述电动缸或油缸或气缸的两端分别固定连接在两个所述夹叉15的下端。所述夹叉摆动机构18向两侧顶出时，可减小两个滚轮14之间的距离，进而驱动车辆滚轮向上运动并逐渐脱离钢轨表面。
本实施例中，所述夹叉15呈V形结构，位于所述顶轮架7同侧的两个所述夹叉15的开口反向设置。这种结构形式的夹叉相比于杆式夹叉，同等长度的V形夹叉能够将车轮抬升的更高一些，进而更有利于用于探伤机探伤。
参见图1、图4，本实施例中的所述夹叉15与所述顶轮架7的侧壁之间设置有用于将所述顶轮架7搭在所述车辆钢轨上的勾爪装置，所述勾爪装置包括滑动套设在所述滑杠16上的勾爪梁19，及设置在所述顶轮架7内侧，并驱动所述勾爪梁19沿所述车辆钢轨的垂直方向伸缩的勾爪梁伸缩机构17，所述勾爪梁伸缩机构17驱动两侧的勾爪梁19靠近或远离车辆钢轨，所述勾爪梁19与夹叉15通过联动件连接，以在所述滑杠16的轴向上同向运动；所述勾爪梁伸缩机构17驱动所述勾爪梁19沿所述滑杠16的轴向运动时，所述夹叉15随动；所述勾爪梁19的自由端设置有向所述车辆钢轨一侧延伸用于搭接所述车辆钢轨的勾爪部190。将车轮顶起前，首先通过驱动第一顶升机构9将顶轮架7上升至略高于车辆钢轨位置，然后勾爪梁伸缩机构17驱动顶轮架7两侧的勾爪梁19和夹叉15向外侧运动，当两侧的勾爪部190分别搭在两根车辆钢轨上后，夹叉摆动机构18向两侧伸展以驱动两个夹叉上的两个滚轮14将车轮向上顶起，直至车轮脱离车辆钢轨表面，此时整个车轮的重量全部通过勾爪梁19传递到车辆钢轨上，进而避免了台车受压损坏。
本实施例中，所述轮辋探伤装置设置在两所述滑杠16之间，其包括固定 设置在所顶轮架7外壁上的轮辋探头机械手4，以及设置在所述轮辋探头机械手4端部的用于安装检测探头的轮辋探头架6。由于所述轮辋探头机械手4的两端分别设有一个轮辋探头架6，两个所述轮辋探头架6可同时对同一根轴上的两个车轮的轮辋部分探伤，进而能够提高探伤效率。
本实施例中，所述第二顶升机构5、所述第一顶升机构9以及所述勾爪梁伸缩机构17为电动缸或油缸或气缸。
本实施例中，所述踏面探头架11设有两个，分别位于所述踏面探头机械手10的两端。通过设置两个踏面探头架11，可同时对同一根轴上的两个车轮进行探伤，进而提高探伤效率。
本发明的并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机的工作过程：
本发明的并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机工作时，车辆停在架空轨道桥的车辆钢轨上。轨道车辆的结构是车厢下是转向架，一般一个转向架上有两根车轴，每个车轴两端装车轮，车轮的外圆周称作踏面，踏面与钢轨顶面接触，踏面内侧还有一圈外径大于踏面外径的轮缘，轮缘外侧即与踏面连接的面与钢轨内侧接触，起导向作用，轮缘内侧面称作轮辋。
探伤工作时，台车1在地坑中移动到车辆的一个车轴下方，探伤垂直构架2首先在第二顶升机构5的驱动下沿基座架上的第一导槽12升起，然后顶轮架再在第一顶升机构的驱动下沿第二导槽13升起；顶轮架7主体中部有两个与车辆钢轨垂直的水平滑杠16，顶轮架7两侧的两个勾爪梁19滑动地套装在滑杠16上，当顶轮架7升起后，两个勾爪梁19在勾爪梁伸缩机构17驱动下同时向外移动，勾爪梁19上的勾爪就分别搭在两条车辆钢轨上；在每个勾爪梁19的外侧都有一对夹叉15，夹叉15也滑动地套装在滑杠16上，每个夹叉15上端装有一个滚轮14，夹叉15跟随勾爪梁19移动，当勾爪搭到车辆钢轨上时，两侧夹叉15上的滚轮14也分别移动到两个车轮的轮缘下方，然后夹叉15在夹叉摆动机构驱动下向车轮方向摆动，滚轮14就将车轮顶起脱离 车辆钢轨，并带动车轮转动；之后探伤垂直构架2上的踏面探头机械手10将二个踏面探头架11贴靠到两个车轮的踏面上，同时安装在二个勾爪梁19上的轮辋探头机械手4也将二个轮辋探头架6贴靠到两个车轮的轮辋上，这样就可以对同一根车轴上的两个车轮同时进行探伤了。探伤完毕后，各探头架缩回，夹叉15反向摆动，车轮落到车辆钢轨上，勾爪梁19和夹叉15缩回，顶轮架下降到初始位置，探伤架下降避开车辆转向架下部的障碍，踏面探头机械手就可以在纵向导轨8上移动到车轮的另一侧，这样就实现了可以在车轮任一侧探伤的目的。
上述具体实施方式只是对本发明的技术方案进行详细解释，本发明并不只仅仅局限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员应该明白，凡是依据上述原理及精神在本发明基础上的改进、替代，都应在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其包括在两条车辆钢轨之间，可沿车辆钢轨方向移动的台车(1)，安装在所述台车(1)上的基座架(3)，可顶升车轮且其上设有轮辋探头架(6)的顶轮装置，对车轮的踏面进行探伤的踏面探伤装置，以及驱动所述顶轮装置上升、下降的第一顶升机构(9)，驱动所述踏面探伤装置上升、下降的第二顶升机构(5)，其特征在于：所述踏面探伤装置包括可沿所述基座架(3)内侧壁上下滑动地安装在所述基座架(3)上的探伤垂直构架(2)，以及设置在所述探伤垂直构架(2)上端，可沿所述车辆钢轨的长度方向滑动的踏面探头机械手(10)，所述踏面探头机械手(10)上设有踏面探头架(11)，所述顶轮装置可沿所述探伤垂直构架(2)的内侧壁上、下滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架(2)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述探伤垂直构架(2)通过在所述探伤垂直构架(2)与所述基座架(3)之间设置直线滑动副的方式可上、下滑动地安装在所述基座架(3)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述踏面探头机械手(10)通过在所述探伤垂直构架(2)顶部与所述踏面探头机械手(10)底部之间设置直线滑动副的方式可沿与所述车辆钢轨平行的方向滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架(2)上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述顶轮装置通过在所述探伤垂直构架(2)的所述内侧壁与所述顶轮装置的端部之间设置直线滑动副的方式可上、下滑动地安装在所述探伤垂直构架(2)上。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述基座架(3)为下底面和四侧壁围成的长方体座，其中两相 对侧壁的内侧面上成型有沿上下方向延伸的第一导轨或导槽，所述探伤垂直构架(2)的下端为由四侧壁围成的第一长方体框，所述第一长方体框适合插入所述长方体座内，且所述第一长方体框的两端部分别成型有与所述第一导轨或导槽配合使用的第一导槽或导轨，所述探伤垂直构架(2)的上端由所述第一长方体框两端的所述第一导槽或导轨向上延伸形成，一条沿所述车辆钢轨长度方向延伸的纵向导轨(8)架设在两端的所述第一导槽或导轨的上端，所述踏面探头机械手(10)通过底部的纵向导槽可滑动地设置在所述纵向导轨上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述第一导轨或导槽成型在所述基座架(3)的与所述车辆钢轨垂直的两相对侧壁上，所述基座架(3)的与所述车辆钢轨平行的两相对侧壁上设有适合工具伸入的第一安装孔(31)、所述探伤垂直构架(2)上与所述车辆钢轨平行的两相对侧壁上设有适合工具伸入的第二安装孔(21)。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述顶轮装置包括可沿所述探伤垂直构架(2)的内侧壁上下移动的顶轮架(7)，设置在所述顶轮架(7)两侧顶升车轮的顶升结构，以及对轮辋探伤的轮辋探头架(6)，且所述顶轮架(7)处于所述踏面探头机械手(10)沿所述车辆钢轨的长度方向滑动的轨迹之下。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述顶轮架(7)为四侧壁围成的第二长方体框，所述探伤垂直构架(2)的内侧成型有沿上下方向延伸的第二导轨或导槽，所述第二长方体框的端部外侧成型有与所述第二导轨或导槽配合使用的第二导槽或导轨。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述顶升结构包括垂直固定在所述顶轮架(7)的与所述车辆钢轨平行的所述侧壁上的滑杠(16)，所述滑杠(16)的两端延伸出所述顶轮架(7)的所述 侧壁，所述滑杠(16)的延伸出所述顶轮架(7)侧壁的一端滑动套设有夹叉(15)，所述夹叉(15)的上端设置有滚轮(14)，位于所述顶轮架(7)同侧的两个所述滚轮(14)中至少有一个所述滚轮(14)上安装有驱转装置；位于所述顶轮架(7)同侧的两个所述夹叉(15)的下端连接有夹叉摆动机构(18)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述夹叉摆动机构(18)为电动缸或油缸或气缸，所述电动缸或油缸或气缸的两端分别固定连接在两个所述夹叉(15)的下端。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述夹叉(15)呈V形结构，位于所述顶轮架(7)同侧的两个所述夹叉(15)的开口反向设置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述夹叉(15)与所述顶轮架(7)的侧壁之间设置有用于将所述顶轮架(7)搭在所述车辆钢轨上的勾爪装置，所述勾爪装置包括滑动套设在所述滑杠(16)上的勾爪梁(19)，及设置在所述顶轮架(7)内侧，并驱动所述勾爪梁(19)沿所述车辆钢轨的垂直方向伸缩的勾爪梁伸缩机构(17)，所述勾爪梁(19)的自由端设置有向所述车辆钢轨一侧延伸用于搭接所述车辆钢轨的勾爪部(190)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述轮辋探伤装置设置在两所述滑杠(16)之间，其包括固定设置在所顶轮架(7)外壁上的轮辋探头机械手(4)，以及设置在所述轮辋探头机械手(4)端部的用于安装检测探头的轮辋探头架(6)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于：所述第一顶升机构(9)、所述第二顶升机构(5)以及所述勾爪梁伸缩机构(17)均为电动缸或油缸或气缸。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机，其特征在于： 所述踏面探头架(11)设有两个，分别位于所述踏面探头机械手(10)的两端。
PCT/CN2014/085810 2014-07-16 2014-09-03 一种并行升降不落轮车轮探伤机 WO2016008201A1 (zh)

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US14/766,099 US9645053B2 (en) 2014-07-16 2014-09-03 Flaw detection machine with parallel lifting function, adapted for detecting flaw without demounting wheels
DE112014000788.9T DE112014000788B4 (de) 2014-07-16 2014-09-03 Radprüfgerät mit Parallenhebeeinrichtung unter der Fahrbahn
RU2017104811A RU2651934C1 (ru) 2014-07-16 2014-09-03 Установка для обнаружения дефектов с функцией параллельного поддомкрачивания, выполненная с возможностью обнаружения дефектов без демонтажа колес

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