WO2015192479A1 - 一种有机发光二极管显示面板及其制备方法、掩膜板 - Google Patents

一种有机发光二极管显示面板及其制备方法、掩膜板 Download PDF

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WO2015192479A1
WO2015192479A1 PCT/CN2014/085757 CN2014085757W WO2015192479A1 WO 2015192479 A1 WO2015192479 A1 WO 2015192479A1 CN 2014085757 W CN2014085757 W CN 2014085757W WO 2015192479 A1 WO2015192479 A1 WO 2015192479A1
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cathode
display panel
sub
oled display
light
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PCT/CN2014/085757
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴海东
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
鄂尔多斯市源盛光电有限责任公司
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Priority to US14/436,382 priority Critical patent/US9818970B2/en
Publication of WO2015192479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015192479A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/82—Cathodes
    • H10K50/822—Cathodes characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/852—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising a resonant cavity structure, e.g. Bragg reflector pair
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/20—Changing the shape of the active layer in the devices, e.g. patterning

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of organic light emitting diode (OLED) display technologies, and in particular, to an OLED display panel, a method for fabricating the same, and a mask.
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • the hole transport layer 104, the light-emitting layer 105, the electron transport layer 106, and the metal cathode 107 are usually formed by a vacuum evaporation process, and the mask used in the vacuum evaporation process has a fine metal mask.
  • the OLED display panel including the metal cathode provided on the entire surface has a large loss of light, resulting in a low light extraction rate (refer to FIG. 2), and the arrow in the figure indicates light. The direction.
  • a microcavity effect is formed in the OLED display panel, and a disadvantage of the microcavity effect is that the display color changes significantly with the change of the viewing angle.
  • the present disclosure provides an OLED display panel, a method for fabricating the same, and a mask for solving the problem that the existing OLED display panel has low light emission rate and display color varies with viewing angle.
  • the present disclosure provides an OLED display panel including a light-emitting layer and a cathode on a light-emitting side of the light-emitting layer, the light-emitting layer including a plurality of sub-pixels; and the cathode is provided with the light-emitting layer for improving the light emission The gap of the transmittance of light emitted by the layer.
  • the cathode comprises: at least two spaced apart cathode units, the gap being disposed between the cathode units.
  • a gap between the cathode units corresponds to a position of a gap between the sub-pixels, and a width is less than or equal to a width of a gap between the corresponding sub-pixels.
  • the plurality of sub-pixels are spaced apart along a row direction of the display panel
  • the cathode units are spaced apart along a column direction of the display panel
  • each of the cathode units corresponds to at least one row of the sub-pixels.
  • each of the cathode units is connected together by a connecting line disposed at a periphery of the display area to form a unit.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a mask for preparing a cathode of an OLED display panel, including a transmissive region and an occlusion region, and the pattern of the transmissive region when the mask is a negative photoresist
  • the pattern of the occlusion region corresponds to a pattern of a gap between the cathode units; when the mask is a positive photoresist, the occlusion region
  • the pattern corresponds to a pattern of cathode cells on the cathode, the pattern of the transmission regions corresponding to a pattern of gaps between the cathode units.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of the cathode and luminescent layer of the OLED display panel of Figure 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of light emitted by a light emitting layer of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a top plan view of a cathode and a light emitting layer of the OLED display panel of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a top plan view of a cathode and a light emitting layer of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a top plan view of a cathode and a light emitting layer of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 5 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a cathode of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 6 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a mask for preparing a cathode of an OLED display panel in Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a mask for preparing a cathode of an OLED display panel in Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
  • An OLED display panel includes an illuminating layer and a cathode on a light emitting side of the illuminating layer, in order to solve the problem that the OLED display panel has a low light emission rate and a display color varies with a viewing angle.
  • a gap for increasing the transmittance of light emitted by the light-emitting layer is provided on the cathode.
  • the light emitted by the luminescent layer can be directly transmitted, and the absorption and reflection of the light emitted by the cathode from the luminescent layer can be reduced compared with the cathode disposed on the entire surface of the prior art, and the OLED is improved.
  • the light output rate of the display panel can be reduced, and the microcavity effect can be weakened, thereby solving the problem that the display color of the OLED display panel changes with the viewing angle.
  • the cathode in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be of various kinds as long as the above gap is provided thereon.
  • the cathode comprises at least two cathode units arranged at intervals, and the gap is disposed between the cathode units.
  • a gap between the cathode units corresponds to a position of a gap between the sub-pixels, and a width is less than or equal to a width of a gap between the corresponding sub-pixels to ensure normal orientation
  • the luminescent layer injects electrons.
  • the plurality of cathode units are arranged in a matrix, and the matrix is an N ⁇ M matrix, wherein the N and M are positive integers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the plurality of sub-pixels and the at least two cathode units are respectively spaced apart along a row direction of the display panel, and each of the cathode units corresponds to at least one column of the sub-pixels.
  • the plurality of sub-pixels are spaced apart along a row direction of the display panel
  • the plurality of cathode units are disposed along a column direction of the display panel
  • each of the cathode units corresponds to at least one row of the sub-pixels.
  • the cathode unit has a strip shape.
  • the cathode unit may have other shapes.
  • the OLED display panel in the above embodiment may include, in addition to the light emitting layer and the cathode, a base substrate, a reflective metal, an anode, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, an optical transport layer, and the like.
  • the anode in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have a dot structure.
  • the OLED display panel of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a base substrate 301, a reflective metal 302, an anode 303, a hole transport layer 304, a light emitting layer 305, an electron transport layer 306, a cathode 307, and a light extraction layer 308.
  • a reflective metal 302 an anode 303
  • a hole transport layer 304 a hole transport layer 304
  • a light emitting layer 305 an electron transport layer 306, a cathode 307
  • a light extraction layer 308 a light extraction layer 308.
  • some of the above layers are not required, such as reflective metal 302, light extraction layer 308, and the like.
  • the luminescent layer 305 includes three sub-pixels (a red sub-pixel 3051, a green sub-pixel 3052, and a blue sub-pixel 3053).
  • the sub-pixel is not limited to a red sub-pixel.
  • green sub-pixels and blue sub-pixels the number of sub-pixels is not limited to three.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cathode of the OLED display panel of FIG.
  • the cathode 307 includes a plurality of cathode units 3071 spaced apart from each other, and a gap 3072 for increasing the transmittance of light emitted from the light-emitting layer is disposed between the cathode units 3071.
  • the plurality of cathode units 3071 located in the display area are connected as a whole by a connecting line disposed at the periphery of the display area, and then connected to the driving circuit.
  • a plurality of cathode units 3071 in the embodiment of the present disclosure are arranged in a matrix, the matrix being a 1 ⁇ N matrix, wherein the N is a positive integer greater than one.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the cathode and the light emitting layer of the OLED display panel of FIG.
  • the red sub-pixel 3051, the green sub-pixel 3052, and the blue sub-pixel 3053 in the embodiment of the present disclosure are spaced apart along the row direction of the display panel (hereinafter referred to as the row direction).
  • the plurality of cathode units 3071 are also spaced apart in the row direction, and each of the cathode units 3071 corresponds to a column of the sub-pixels, and each of the cathode units 3071 is in the row direction.
  • the width is equal to the width of the corresponding column of sub-pixels in the row direction such that the cathode unit 3071 can completely cover the corresponding sub-pixels to ensure that electrons can be normally injected into the light-emitting layer.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of light emitted by a light emitting layer of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that at the position of the gap 3072, the light emitted by the luminescent layer can be directly transmitted, and the cathode can be reduced to the luminescent layer compared with the cathode provided in the prior art.
  • the absorption and reflection of light increase the light extraction rate of the OLED display panel, and can reduce the microcavity effect, and solve the problem that the display color of the OLED display panel changes with the viewing angle.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a cathode of the OLED display panel of FIG. 7
  • FIG. 9 is an OLED display panel of FIG. Top view of the cathode and luminescent layer.
  • each of the cathode units 3071 corresponds to three columns of the sub-pixels, and the width of each of the cathode units 3071 in the row direction is equal to the corresponding three columns of the sub-pixels in the row direction. The width.
  • the number of columns of corresponding sub-pixels of each cathode unit 3071 may also be other numbers, such as two columns, four columns, and the like.
  • each cathode unit 3071 in the row direction is equal to the width of the corresponding sub-pixel in the row direction.
  • the width of each cathode unit 3071 in the row direction is also It may be larger than the width of the corresponding sub-pixel in the row direction.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
  • 11 is a top plan view of a cathode and a light emitting layer of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
  • a plurality of cathode cells in the embodiment of the present disclosure are arranged in a matrix, the matrix being an N ⁇ 1 matrix, wherein the N is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the red sub-pixel 3051, the green sub-pixel 3052, and the blue sub-pixel 3053 in the embodiment of the present disclosure are spaced apart in the row direction.
  • the plurality of cathode units 3071 are disposed at intervals from a column direction of the display panel (ie, referred to as a column direction hereinafter).
  • Each of the cathode units 3071 corresponds to one row of the sub-pixels, and the width of each of the cathode units 3071 in the column direction is equal to the width of the corresponding row of sub-pixels in the column direction, so that the cathode unit 3071 can be completely covered.
  • Corresponding to the sub-pixels to ensure that electrons can be normally injected into the light-emitting layer.
  • FIG. 12 is a top view of a cathode and an illuminating layer of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that each of the cathode units 3071 corresponds to two rows of the sub-pixels.
  • the width of each of the cathode units 3071 in the column direction is equal to the width of the corresponding two rows of sub-pixels in the column direction.
  • the number of columns of corresponding sub-pixels of each cathode unit 3071 may also be other numbers, such as three columns, four columns, or more columns.
  • each cathode unit 3071 in the column direction is equal to the width of the corresponding sub-pixel in the column direction.
  • each cathode unit 3071 is in the column direction.
  • the width can also be greater than the width of the corresponding sub-pixel in the column direction.
  • the plurality of sub-pixels are spaced apart in the row direction.
  • the plurality of sub-pixels may also be spaced apart in the column direction.
  • the cathode units are all in a regular strip shape. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the cathode unit may have other shapes.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 5 of the present disclosure.
  • the cathode unit 3071 has an irregular strip shape, and includes a plurality of sub-pixel covering portions 401 and a refining portion 402 for connecting the adjacent sub-pixel covering portions 401, wherein each The sub-pixel cover portion 402 may correspond to one or more sub-pixels, and the width of the refinement portion 402 is smaller than the width of the sub-pixel cover portion 401.
  • the plurality of cathode units 3071 located in the display area are connected together by a connecting line disposed at the periphery of the display area to form a whole, and then connected to the driving circuit.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 6 of the present disclosure.
  • the cathode unit 3071 is connected in a display area. Under this structure, each cathode is not required.
  • the cells 3071 are each connected to a connection line located at the periphery of the display area to form a unit, and then connected to the driving circuit.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a mask for preparing a cathode of the OLED display panel described in the above embodiment, the mask comprising a transmission region and an occlusion region, when the mask is negative
  • the pattern of the transmission regions corresponds to a pattern of cathode cells on the cathode
  • the pattern of the occlusion regions corresponds to a pattern of gaps between the cathode units.
  • the pattern of the occlusion region corresponds to a pattern of a cathode unit on the cathode
  • the pattern of the transmission region corresponds to a pattern of a gap between the cathode units.
  • the negative photoresist is used as an example to illustrate the mask.
  • FIG. 15 is a mask for preparing a cathode of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • the mask includes a transmission region 501 and a shielding region 502, and the pattern of the transmission region 501 Corresponding to the pattern of the cathode unit 3071 on the cathode, the occlusion region 502 corresponds to the pattern of the gap 3072 between the cathode units 3071.
  • FIG. 16 is a mask for preparing a cathode of an OLED display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
  • the mask includes a transmission region 501 and a shielding region 502, and the pattern of the transmission region 501 Corresponding to the pattern of the cathode unit 3071 on the cathode, the occlusion region 502 corresponds to the pattern of the gap 3072 between the cathode units 3071.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method for preparing an OLED display panel, comprising the step of forming a cathode by using the mask plate in the above embodiment.
  • the method for preparing the OLED display panel forms the cathode by a vacuum evaporation process.
  • the steps include:
  • the cathode film is evaporated by the evaporation source, and the cathode film evaporates and vaporizes from the evaporation source to reach the surface of the substrate to be plated, and condenses to form the cathode.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种OLED显示面板及其制备方法、掩膜板，该OLED显示面板包括发光层及位于所述发光层出光侧的阴极，所述阴极上设置有间隙，在所述间隙的位置上，所述发光层发出的光线可以直接透过，与现有技术中整面设置的阴极相比，可以减少阴极对发光层发出的光线的吸收和反射，提高了OLED显示面板的出光率，且可以减弱微腔效应，解决了OLED显示面板的显示色彩随视角变化的问题。

Description

一种有机发光二极管显示面板及其制备方法、掩膜板
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2014年6月17日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201410271091.2的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及有机发光二极管(OLED)显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种OLED显示面板及其制备方法、掩膜板。
背景技术
请参考图1，图1为现有技术中的OLED显示面板的一剖面结构示意图，该OLED显示面板主要包括：衬底基板101，反射金属层102，阳极103，空穴传输层(HTL)104，发光层(EML)105，电子传输层(ETL)106，半透明金属阴极(Cathode)107，以及光取出层108。其中，空穴传输层104、发光层105、电子传输层106及金属阴极107通常都是采用真空蒸镀工艺来成膜，真空蒸镀工艺中采用的掩膜板(mask)有精细金属掩膜板(FMM，Fine metal mask)和共同层金属掩膜板(Open mask)，而金属阴极107通常是采用Open mask来进行真空蒸镀，采用Open mask形成的金属阴极为整面设置的金属阴极。
由于金属阴极对于光的吸收和反射都很强，因此包括整面设置的金属阴极的OLED显示面板的光的损失很大，导致出光率很低(请参考图2)，图中的箭头表示光的方向。另外，由于金属阴极对光的反射较大，因此使得OLED显示面板中形成微腔效应，而微腔效应的一个缺点就是，显示色彩随视角的变化会有显著变化。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本公开提供一种OLED显示面板及其制备方法、掩膜板，以解决现有的OLED显示面板出光率低、显示色彩随视角变化的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开提供一种OLED显示面板，包括发光层及位于所述发光层出光侧的阴极，所述发光层包括多个亚像素；所述阴极上设置有用于提高所述发光层发出的光线的透过率的间隙。
可选地，所述阴极包括：至少两个间隔设置的阴极单元，所述阴极单元之间设置有所述间隙。
可选地，所述阴极单元之间的间隙与所述亚像素之间的间隙的位置相对应，且宽度小于或等于对应的所述亚像素之间的间隙的宽度。
可选地，所述多个亚像素和所述至少两个阴极单元均沿显示面板的行方向间隔设置，每一所述阴极单元对应至少一列所述亚像素。
可选地，所述多个亚像素沿显示面板的行方向间隔设置，所述阴极单元沿显示面板的列方向间隔设置，每一所述阴极单元对应至少一行所述亚像素。
可选地，所述阴极单元呈条形。
可选地，所述阴极单元包括：多个亚像素覆盖部以及用于连接相邻的所述亚像素覆盖部的细化部，其中，每一亚像素覆盖部对应一个或多个亚像素，所述细化部的宽度小于所述亚像素覆盖部的宽度。
可选地，各个所述阴极单元通过设置于显示区域外围的连接线连接在一起形成一个整体。
本公开实施例还提供一种用于制备OLED显示面板的阴极的掩膜板，包括透过区和遮挡区，当所述掩膜板采用负性光刻胶时，所述透过区的图案对应于所述阴极上的阴极单元的图案，所述遮挡区的图案对应于所述阴极单元之间的间隙的图案；当所述掩膜板采用正性光刻胶时，所述遮挡区的图案对应于所述阴极上的阴极单元的图案，所述透过区的图案对应于所述阴极单元之间的间隙的图案。
本公开实施例还提供一种OLED显示面板的制备方法，包括采用上述掩膜板形成阴极的步骤，所述步骤包括：
将阴极膜材置于真空室内的蒸发源中；
在所述基板靠近蒸发源的一侧设置掩膜板；
通过所述蒸发源对所述阴极膜材进行蒸发，所述阴极膜材蒸发气化后从所述蒸发源中逸出，到达被镀的基板表面上，凝结形成所述阴极。
本公开的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：
在OLED显示面板的阴极上形成间隙，在间隙的位置上，OLED显示面板的发光层发出的光线可以直接透过，与现有技术中整面设置的阴极相比，可以减少阴极对发光层发出的光线的吸收和反射，提高了OLED显示面板的出光率，且可以减弱微腔效应，解决了OLED显示面板的显示色彩随视角变化的问题。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的OLED显示面板的一剖面结构示意图。
图2为图1中的OLED显示面板的发光层发出的光线的光路示意图。
图3为本公开实施例一的OLED显示面板的剖面结构示意图。
图4为图3中的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图。
图5为图3中的OLED显示面板的阴极和发光层的俯视图。
图6本公开实施例一的OLED显示面板的发光层发出的光线的光路示意图。
图7为本公开实施例二的OLED显示面板的剖面结构示意图。
图8为图7中的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图。
图9为图7中的OLED显示面板的阴极和发光层的俯视图。
图10为本公开实施例三的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图。
图11为本公开实施例三的OLED显示面板的阴极和发光层的俯视图。
图12为本公开实施例四的OLED显示面板的阴极和发光层的俯视图。
图13为本公开实施例五的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图。
图14为本公开实施例六的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图。
图15为用于制备本公开实施例一中的OLED显示面板的阴极的掩膜板的结构示意图。
图16为用于制备本公开实施例三中的OLED显示面板的阴极的掩膜板的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为解决现有的OLED显示面板出光率低、显示色彩随视角变化的问题，本公开实施例提供了一种OLED显示面板，该OLED显示面板包括发光层及位于所述发光层出光侧的阴极，所述阴极上设置有用于提高所述发光层发出的光线的透过率的间隙。
在所述间隙的位置上，所述发光层发出的光线可以直接透过，与现有技术中整面设置的阴极相比，可以减少阴极对发光层发出的光线的吸收和反射，提高了OLED显示面板的出光率，且可以减弱微腔效应，解决了OLED显示面板的显示色彩随视角变化的问题。
本公开实施例中的阴极可以为多种种类的结构，只要其上设置有上述间隙即可。
可选的，所述阴极包括至少两个间隔设置的阴极单元，所述阴极单元之间设置有所述间隙。
可选的，所述阴极单元之间的间隙与所述亚像素之间的间隙的位置相对应，且宽度小于或等于对应的所述亚像素之间的间隙的宽度，以保证能够正常向所述发光层注入电子。
可选的，所述多个阴极单元呈矩阵方式排列，所述矩阵为N×M矩阵，其中，所述N、M为大于等于1的正整数。
可选的，所述多个亚像素和所述至少两个阴极单元均沿显示面板的行方向间隔设置，每一所述阴极单元对应至少一列所述亚像素。
或者，所述多个亚像素沿显示面板的行方向间隔设置，所述多个阴极单元沿显示面板的列方向设置，每一所述阴极单元对应至少一行所述亚像素。
可选的，所述阴极单元呈条形，当然，所述阴极单元也可以为其他形状。
本公开实施例中的阴极可以为半透明金属阴极。
上述实施例中的OLED显示面板除了包括发光层和阴极之外，还可以包括：衬底基板、反射金属、阳极、空穴传输层、电子传输层和光传输层等。
本公开实施例中的阳极可以为点状结构。
为使本公开要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
实施例一
请参考图3，图3为本公开实施例一的OLED显示面板的剖面结构示意图。
本公开实施例的OLED显示面板包括：衬底基板301、反射金属302、阳极303、空穴传输层304、发光层305、电子传输层306、阴极307和光取出层308。当然，在本公开的其他一些实施例中，上述一些层并不是必须的，如反射金属302、光取出层308等。
所述发光层305包括三个亚像素(红色亚像素3051、绿色亚像素3052和蓝色亚像素3053)，当然，在本公开的其他一些实施例中，所述亚像素并不限于红色亚像素、绿色亚像素和蓝色亚像素，亚像素的个数也不限于三个。
请同时参考图4，图4为图3中的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图。
所述阴极307包括：多个间隔设置的阴极单元3071，所述阴极单元3071之间设置有用于提高发光层发出的光线的透过率的间隙3072。
本实施例中，位于显示区域的该多个阴极单元3071通过设置于显示区域外围的连接线连接成一个整体，然后与驱动电路连接。
从图4中可以看出，本公开实施例中的多个阴极单元3071呈矩阵方式排列，所述矩阵为1×N的矩阵，其中，所述N为大于1的正整数。
请同时参考图5，图5为图3中的OLED显示面板的阴极和发光层的俯视图。
本公开实施例中的红色亚像素3051、绿色亚像素3052和蓝色亚像素3053沿显示面板的行方向(以下简称行方向)间隔设置。从图3和图5中可以看出，所述多个阴极单元3071也沿行方向间隔设置，每一所述阴极单元3071对应一列所述亚像素，每一所述阴极单元3071在行方向上的宽度等于对应的一列亚像素在行方向上的宽度，从而使得所述阴极单元3071可以完全覆盖对应的所述亚像素，以保证能够正常向所述发光层注入电子。
请参考图6，图6本公开实施例一的OLED显示面板的发光层发出的光线的光路示意图。从图6中可以看出，在所述间隙3072的位置上，所述发光层发出的光线可以直接透过，与现有技术中整面设置的阴极相比，可以减少阴极对发光层发出的光线的吸收和反射，提高了OLED显示面板的出光率，且可以减弱微腔效应，解决了OLED显示面板的显示色彩随视角变化的问题。
实施例二
请参考图7-9，图7为本公开实施例二的OLED显示面板的剖面结构示意图，图8为图7中的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图，图9为图7中的OLED显示面板的阴极和发光层的俯视图。
本公开实施例与实施例的区别在于，每一所述阴极单元3071对应三列所述亚像素，每一所述阴极单元3071在行方向上的宽度等于对应的三列所述亚像素在行方向上的宽度。
当然，在本公开的其他一些实施例中，每一阴极单元3071的对应的亚像素的列数也可以为其他数目，如两列、四列等。
上述实施例中，每一阴极单元3071在行方向上的宽度均等于对应的亚像素在行方向上的宽度，当然，在本公开的其他一些实施例中，每一阴极单元3071在行方向上的宽度也可以大于对应的亚像素在行方向上的宽度。
实施例三
请参考图10和图11，图10为本公开实施例三的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图。图11为本公开实施例三的OLED显示面板的阴极和发光层的俯视图。
从图10中可以看出，本公开实施例中的多个阴极单元呈矩阵方式排列，所述矩阵为N×1的矩阵，其中，所述N为大于1的正整数。
从图11中可以看出，本公开实施例中的红色亚像素3051、绿色亚像素3052和蓝色亚像素3053沿行方向间隔设置。所述多个阴极单元3071沿与显示面板的列方向(即以下简称列方向)间隔设置。每一所述阴极单元3071对应一行所述亚像素，每一所述阴极单元3071在列方向上的宽度等于对应的一行亚像素在列方向上的宽度，从而使得所述阴极单元3071可以完全覆盖对应的所述亚像素，以保证能够正常向所述发光层注入电子。
实施例四
请参考图12，图12为本公开实施例四的OLED显示面板的阴极与发光层的俯视图，本实施例与实施例三的区别在于，每一所述阴极单元3071对应两行所述亚像素，每一所述阴极单元3071在列方向上的宽度等于对应的两行亚像素在列方向上的宽度。
当然，在本公开的其他一些实施例中，每一阴极单元3071的对应的亚像素的列数也可以为其他数目，如三列、四列或更多列。
上述实施例中，每一阴极单元3071在列方向上的宽度均等于对应的亚像素在列方向上的宽度，当然，在本公开的其他一些实施例中，每一阴极单元3071在列方向上的宽度也可以大于对应的亚像素在列方向上的宽度。
上述各实施例中，所述多个亚像素沿行方向间隔设置，当然，在本公开的其他实施例中，所述多个亚像素也可以沿列方向间隔设置。
上述各实施例中，所述阴极单元均呈规则的条形，在本公开的其他一些实施例中，阴极单元也可以为其他形状。
实施例五
请参考图13，图13为本公开实施例五的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图。在本实施例中，所述阴极单元3071呈不规则的条形，包括多个亚像素覆盖部401和用于连接相邻的所述亚像素覆盖部401的细化部402，其中，每一亚像素覆盖部402可对应一个或多个亚像素，所述细化部402的宽度小于所述亚像素覆盖部401的宽度。
本实施例中，位于显示区域的该多个阴极单元3071通过设置于显示区域外围的连接线连接在一起形成一个整体，然后与驱动电路连接。
实施例六
请参考图14，图14为本公开实施例六的OLED显示面板的阴极的结构示意图，本实施例中，阴极单元3071在显示区域是连接起来的，此种结构下，则不需要每个阴极单元3071均与位于显示区域外围的连接线连接在一起形成一个整体，然后与驱动电路连接。
本公开实施例还提供一种用于制备上述实施例中所述的OLED显示面板的阴极的掩膜板，所述掩膜板包括透过区和遮挡区，当所述掩膜板采用负性光刻胶时，所述透过区的图案对应于所述阴极上的阴极单元的图案，所述遮挡区的图案对应于所述阴极单元之间的间隙的图案。所述掩膜板采用正性光刻胶时，所述遮挡区的图案对应于所述阴极上的阴极单元的图案，所述透过区的图案对应于所述阴极单元之间的间隙的图案。
下面以掩膜板采用负性光刻胶为例进行说明。
请参考图15，图15为用于制备本公开实施例一的OLED显示面板的阴极的掩膜板，所述掩膜板包括透过区501和遮挡区502，所述透过区501的图案对应于所述阴极上的阴极单元3071的图案，所述遮挡区502对应于所述阴极单元3071之间的间隙3072的图案。
请参考图16，图16为用于制备本公开实施例三的OLED显示面板的阴极的掩膜板，所述掩膜板包括透过区501和遮挡区502，所述透过区501的图案对应于所述阴极上的阴极单元3071的图案，所述遮挡区502对应于所述阴极单元3071之间的间隙3072的图案。
本公开实施例还提供一种OLED显示面板的制备方法，包括采用上述实施例中的掩膜板形成阴极的步骤。所述OLED显示面板的制备方法采用真空蒸镀工艺形成所述阴极。
具体的，所述步骤包括：
将阴极膜材置于真空室内的蒸发源中；
在所述基板靠近蒸发源的一侧设置掩膜板；
通过所述蒸发源对所述阴极膜材进行蒸发，所述阴极膜材蒸发气化后从所述蒸发源中逸出，到达被镀的基板表面上，凝结形成所述阴极。
以上所述是本公开的可选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种OLED显示面板，包括发光层及位于所述发光层出光侧的阴极，所述发光层包括多个亚像素，所述阴极上设置有用于提高所述发光层发出的光线的透过率的间隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的OLED显示面板，其中，所述阴极包括：至少两个间隔设置的阴极单元，所述阴极单元之间设置有所述间隙。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的OLED显示面板，其中，所述阴极单元之间的间隙与所述亚像素之间的间隙的位置相对应，且宽度小于或等于对应的所述亚像素之间的间隙的宽度。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的OLED显示面板，其中，所述多个亚像素和所述至少两个阴极单元均沿显示面板的行方向间隔设置，每一所述阴极单元对应至少一列所述亚像素。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的OLED显示面板，其中，所述多个亚像素沿显示面板的行方向间隔设置，所述阴极单元沿显示面板的列方向间隔设置，每一所述阴极单元对应至少一行所述亚像素。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的OLED显示面板，其中，所述阴极单元呈条形。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的OLED显示面板，其中，所述阴极单元包括：多个亚像素覆盖部以及用于连接相邻的所述亚像素覆盖部的细化部，其中，每一亚像素覆盖部对应一个或多个亚像素，所述细化部的宽度小于所述亚像素覆盖部的宽度。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7任一项所述的OLED显示面板，其中，各个所述阴极单元通过设置于显示区域外围的连接线连接在一起形成一个整体。
  9. 一种用于制备根据权利要求1所述的OLED显示面板的阴极的掩膜板，包括透过区和遮挡区，当所述掩膜板采用负性光刻胶时，所述透过区的图案对应于所述阴极上的阴极单元的图案，所述遮挡区的图案对应于所述阴极单元之间的间隙的图案；当所述掩膜板采用正性光刻胶时，所述遮挡区的图案对应于所述阴极上的阴极单元的图案，所述透过区的图案对应于所述阴 极单元之间的间隙的图案。
  10. 一种用于制备根据权利要求1所述的0LED显示面板的制备方法，包括采用如权利要求9所述的掩膜板形成阴极的步骤，所述步骤包括：
    将阴极膜材置于真空室内的蒸发源中；
    在所述基板靠近蒸发源的一侧设置掩膜板；
    通过所述蒸发源对所述阴极膜材进行蒸发，所述阴极膜材蒸发气化后从所述蒸发源中逸出，到达被镀的基板表面上，凝结形成所述阴极。
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